Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| microbial contamination of pharmacies and hospital wards environment and its influence on the purity of prescription preparations during their production process as well as their application. | microbiological contamination of such environmental factors as air, surfaces of equipment, walls, floors and personnel gloves in two hospital pharmacies and different paediatric hospital wards were tested. most surfaces in the areas, where the sterile preparations (eye dosage forms) are prepared, turned out to meet the hygienic requirements, although some bacteria belonging to staphylococci, pseudomonas, acinetobacter were detected. the considerable number of microorganisms from 10(2) up to 10(6 ... | 1995 | 8960239 |
| activity of cefepime against nosocomial blood culture isolates. | cefepime is a new aminothiazolylacetamido cephalosporin with a wider spectrum and greater potency than many currently available cephalosporins. since the blood culture isolates from patients of the study centre in saudi arabia are significantly more resistant to antimicrobial agents in clinical practice, we evaluated the in-vitro activity of cefepime and six other beta-lactam antibodies against 390 and 273 isolates of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively. cefepime had a broad s ... | 1995 | 8830018 |
| escherichia hermannii: susceptibility pattern to beta-lactams and production of beta-lactamase. | the susceptibility pattern of escherichia hermannii, although closely related to escherichia coli according to its biochemical patterns, was clearly distinguishable by its susceptibility to beta-lactams by both diffusion and dilution methods from e. coli penicillinase producing or non-producing strains, citrobacter diversus, klebsiella pneumoniae, and klebsiella oxytoca. beta-lactamase clavulanate-sensitive activity was localized with various isoelectric points from 7.0 to 8.5. no cross hybridiz ... | 1995 | 8830019 |
| inducible expression of the chromosomal cdia from citrobacter diversus nf85, encoding an ambler class a beta-lactamase, is under similar genetic control to the chromosomal ampc, encoding an ambler class c enzyme, from citrobacter freundii os60. | this study aimed to characterize the molecular basis of beta-lactamase induction in citrobacter diversus. the chromosomal beta-lactamase encoding region from c. diversus, strain nf85, was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the cloned region was sequenced and open-reading frames encoding a class a beta-lactamase, designated cdia, and a putative lysr-type transcriptional regulator protein, divergently transcribed from the beta-lactamase gene and designated cdir, were identified. the nucleot ... | 1995 | 9158798 |
| five-year survey of cefotaxime resistance in spain. | during 1991-1995 a spain collaborative study group surveyed the resistance to cefotaxime both in community as well as in hospital isolates of bacteria. the isolates tested during the study period of 5 years were 813, 875, 3631, 3184, and 3050 strains, respectively. antimicrobial activity of cefotaxime was assayed by broth or agar microdilution, in accordance with criteria of the national committee of clinical laboratory standards (nccls). cefotaxime resistance included 2.5% of all isolates: 2.6% ... | 1995 | 9158804 |
| glutathione-s-transferase activity and metabolism of glutathione conjugates by rhizosphere bacteria. | glutathione-s-transferase (gst) activity was determined in 36 species of rhizosphere bacteria with the substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (cdnb) and in 18 strains with the herbicide alachlor. highest levels of cdnb-gst activity (60 to 222 nmol (middot) h(sup-1) (middot) mg(sup-1)) were found in gram-negative bacteria: enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter diversus, klebsiella planticola, pseudomonas cepacia, pseudomonas fluorescens, pseudomonas putida, and xanthomonas campestris. there was very l ... | 1995 | 16534956 |
| polyphosphate accumulation among denitrifying bacteria in activated sludge. | bacterial polyphosphate accumulation and denitrification are important processes in biological removal of nutrients from wastewater. it has been suggested that phosphorus accumulators are able to denitrify. however, the bacteria known as the most important phosphorus accumulators, belonging to the genus acinetobacter are generally not known to denitrify. to clarify how commonly both physiological traits are present in the same organism, we screened 165 isolates from activated sludge and wastewat ... | 1995 | 16887523 |
| bacterial flora of captive houbara (chlamydotis undulata), kori (ardeotis kori) and rufous-crested (eupodotis ruficrista) bustards. | a survey was carried out to investigate the aerobic bacterial flora of captive houbara (chlamydotis undulata), kori (ardeotis kori) and rufous-crested (eupodotis ruficrista) bustards maintained at the national avian research center, abu dhabi, united arab emirates. none of the houbara or rufous-crested bustards sampled were bred in captivity by the center but four of the kori bustards sampled were captive-bred. faecal, cloacal, oropharyngeal and skin samples (from under the wing) from clinically ... | 1996 | 18645872 |
| antibiotic resistance in nosocomial isolates in scotland. | in this first multi-centre study in scotland, 1028 consecutive gram-negative and staphylococci strains were obtained from four major teaching hospitals. e. coli was the most common organism among both intensive care units (icus) (39%) and non-icu strains (46.6%). the prevalence of antibiotic resistance among e. coli was always higher in isolates from icus than non-icus: ceftazidime (14.1%, 7.2%), ceftriaxone (12.7%, 6.1%), cefotaxime (15.5%, 8.7%), cefuroxime (28.8%, 20.8%), amoxicillin plus cla ... | 1996 | 18611750 |
| comparative in vitro studies on the beta-lactamase-inhibiting effect of clavulanic acid and sulbactam on ampicillin-resistant enterobacteriaceae. | clavulanic acid and sulbactam alone are ineffective against pseudomonas and enterococci. staphylococci and enterobacteriaceae are inhibited by high concentrations not attainable under clinical conditions. strains of acinetobacter, especially a. lwoffii are susceptible to clavulanic acid and highly susceptible to sulbactam. the ampicillin/sulbactam combination is superior to ampicillin/clavulanic acid against citrobacter freundii, enterobacter spp. and morganella morganii. the latter combination ... | 1996 | 18611726 |
| medical microbiology | the gram-negative bacilli of the genera escherichia, klebsiella, enterobacter, serratia, citrobacter,and proteus(table 26- 1) are members of the normal intestinal flora of humans and animals and may be isolated from a variety of environmental sources. with the exception of proteus, they are sometimes collectively referred to as the coliform bacilli because of shared properties, particularly the ability of most sp ... | 1996 | 21413290 |
| [fluoroquinolone and aminoglycoside resistance in chromosomal cephalosporinase-overproducing gram-negative bacilli strains with inducible beta-lactamase]. | the increasing prevalence of stable derepressed mutants over-producers of type i chromosomal cephalosporinase in inducible enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa challenges the adequacy of third generation cephalosporins in the empirical treatment of certain nosocomial infections. we sought to determine the frequency of stable over-producers of type i enzyme and their associated resistance to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. | 1996 | 9044634 |
| [sympathetic reflex dystrophy: an uncommon illness in childhood]. | 1996 | 8967653 | |
| [antimicrobial activity of cefodizime against clinical isolates]. | in order to evaluate antimicrobial activity of cefodizime (cdzm), minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of cdzm and control drugs were determined against clinical isolates collected from nation-wide medical institutions and in our laboratory from september to december of 1992 and from september to december of 1995. the results are summarized as follows: 1. bacterial species with no or few strains resistant to cdzm included streptococcus pyogenes, haemophilus influenzae, citrobacter koseri, pr ... | 1996 | 8986558 |
| variation in salmonella core lipopolysaccharide as detected by the monoclonal antibody m105. | the lipopolysaccharide antigenicity of 22 salmonella strains (representing nine serogroups) and four non-salmonellae enterobacteriaceae to the salmonella genus specific monoclonal antibody m105 was analysed. the monoclonal antibody m105 reacted with all 22 salmonella strains. probing sds-page separated lps molecules with mab m105 revealed that the antibody reacted with the core region of all salmonella serovars. however, no reaction was obtained to the long-chain lps of serovars o (salm. adelaid ... | 1996 | 8987449 |
| royal society of tropical medicine and hygiene meeting at manson house, london, 14 december 1995. enteropathogenic escherichia coli--mucosal infection models. | the formation of attaching and effacing (a/e) lesions is central to the pathogenesis of enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec)-mediated disease in humans and citrobacter rodentium-mediated transmissible colonic hyperplasia in mice. closely related outer membrane proteins, known as intimins, are required for formation of the a/e lesion by both epec and c. rodentium. in this study we found similar ultrastructural damage in small intestinal biopsies from an epec-infected child and large bowel spe ... | 1996 | 8882174 |
| intimin from enteropathogenic escherichia coli restores murine virulence to a citrobacter rodentium eaea mutant: induction of an immunoglobulin a response to intimin and espb. | the formation of attaching and effacing (a/e) lesions is central to the pathogenesis of enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec)-mediated disease in humans and citrobacter rodentium (formerly c. freundii biotype 4280)-mediated transmissible colonic hyperplasia in mice. closely related outer membrane proteins, known as intimins, are required for formation of the a/e lesion by both epec (int(epec)) and c. rodentium (int(cr)). a secreted protein, espb (formally eaeb), is also necessary for a/e-lesi ... | 1996 | 8945583 |
| [use of semi-solid diasalm medium for isolation of salmonella enteritidis]. | the diagnostic semi-solid salmonella agar (diasalm) was compared with two commercial semi-solid rappaport-vasiliadis media (msrv by oxoid and srva, basis by himedia) using 52 strains of salmonella and 10 strains of interfering gram-negative bacteria. the diagnostic potency for salmonellae was higher in diasalm than in msrv or srva. unlike the rappaport-vasiliadis media, diasalm contains a diagnostic system consisting of lactose, saccharose and bromocresol purple, allowing the differentiation of ... | 1996 | 8966968 |
| transmission of citrobacter koseri from mother to infant documented by ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | we describe a case in which citrobacter koseri (formerly c. diversus) was transmitted from a pregnant mother with chorioamnionitis and bacteremia to her infant who was bacteremic at birth and in apparent septic shock. two highly discriminating molecular methods, ribotyping and pulsed field gel electrophoresis, were used to examine restriction fragment length polymorphisms within the genomic dna of maternal and infant isolates. both techniques identified the maternal and infant isolates as the sa ... | 1996 | 8985657 |
| [lytic lesion of the distal phalanx of a patient with systemic circumscribed sclerosis]. | 1996 | 8991443 | |
| [evaluation of a new disk containing indoxyl-beta-d-glucuronide for rapid identification of escherichia coli]. | to establish a simple identification procedure for escherichia coli, we developed a disk containing indoxyl-beta-d-glucuronide, the chromogenic substrate of beta-d-glucuronidase. of 188 isolates of enterobacteriaceae, 101 (97%) of 104 strains of e. coli and two (67%) of three strains of shigella species were positive for beta-glucuronidase. we also tested 495 strains (466 strains of e. coli and 29 of citrobacter freundii) that might be considered lactose-fermenting e. coli under routine conditio ... | 1996 | 8911077 |
| iron utilization studies in citrobacter species. | seventy-one strains of citrobacter were screened for iron scavenging mechanisms by biologic and chemical assays. essentially all citrobacteria (70/71) were found to elaborate enterobactin-like siderophores by both biologic and chemical assays, however only c. koseri (c. diversus) was found to produce aerobactin. the concentration of ethylenediamine di(o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) (edda) required to inhibit the growth of individual citrobacter strains by depleting free iron ranged from 250 microgr ... | 1996 | 8998976 |
| [use of aztreonam for the purpose of preventing postoperative purulent complications]. | the efficacy of the prophylactic use of azthreonam, a monocyclic beta lactam antibiotic, was studied in 20 patients operated for liver diseases. the drug was administered intramuscularly in a dose of 1 g 30 minutes prior to the operation. during the postoperative period the drug was administered in a dose of 1 g 4-5 times a day for 4 to 5 days. the clinical effect in all the patients was good: no elevation of the body temperature above 37.5 degrees c and no suppuration of the operation wound. ad ... | 1996 | 8929118 |
| re-speciation of the original reference strains of serovars in the citrobacter freundii (bethesda-ballerup group) antigenic scheme of west and edwards. | the antigenic scheme for the bethesda-ballerup group of bacteria established by west and edwards in 1954 has continued to be applied as a serotyping scheme for citrobacter freundii. in 1993, however, the classification of the citrobacter was drastically revised and the species c. freundii redefined by brenner et al. accordingly, to judge the propriety to continuously use a single antigenic scheme for the c. freundii complex, the 90 reference strains listed in the antigenic scheme for c. freundii ... | 1996 | 9013489 |
| [lipopolysaccharides containing sialic acid]. | sialic acids which are important constituents of animal tissue glycoconjugates are also present in antigens of some bacterial strains. capsular polysaccharides with sialic acid have been extensively studied whereas little is known on lipopolysaccharides which contain sialic acid. the paper presents review of the data concerning structure of bacterial endotoxic lipopolysaccharides. methodological peculiarities were described. specially emphasized were endotoxins of escherichia coli o24, o56, o104 ... | 1996 | 9072762 |
| [antimicrobial activities of cefetamet against clinical isolates from urinary tract infection]. | in order to evaluate antimicrobial activity of cefetamet (cemt), minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of cemt and control drugs were determined against gram-negative rods mainly from complicated urinary tract infections examined in our laboratory from april to september of 1994. the results are summarized as follows; 1. the obtained strains were citrobacter diversus 20, citrobacter freundii 30, enterobacter aerogenes 20, enterobacter cloacae 30, serratia marcescens 30, proteus mirabilis 30, ... | 1996 | 9032594 |
| [characterization of antimicrobial properties of cefpirome]. | the results of a multicentre investigation of antibiotic susceptibility in 800 clinical isolates were analyzed. the levels of susceptibility to cefpirome and other antibiotics in gram-negative organisms with inducable production of chromosomal beta-lactamases (enterobacter, serratia, citrobacter and others) were compared and the advantages of cefpirome over other cephalosporins were shown: 89 per cent of the susceptible strains against 58 to 78 per cent. with respect to other microorganisms the ... | 1996 | 9124987 |
| bioaccumulation of nickel by intercalation into polycrystalline hydrogen uranyl phosphate deposited via an enzymatic mechanism. | a citrobacter sp. accumulates uranyl ion (uo2(2+)) as crystalline huo2po4.4h2o (hup), using enzymatically generated inorganic phosphate. ni was not removed by this mechanism, but cells already loaded with hup removed ni2+ by intercalative ion-exchange, forming ni(uo2po4)2.7h2o, as concluded by x-ray diffraction (xrd) and proton induced x-ray emission (pixe) analyses. the loaded biomass became saturated with ni rapidly, with a molar ratio of ni:u in the cellbound deposit of approx. 1:6; ni penetr ... | 1996 | 9630957 |
| chromosomal beta-lactamase genes of klebsiella oxytoca are divided into two main groups, blaoxy-1 and blaoxy-2. | the chromosomally encoded beta-lactamase gene (blaoxy-2) of the wild-type klebsiella oxytoca sl911 was cloned and sequenced. its nucleotide sequence similarity with the previously sequenced k. oxytoca beta-lactamase gene (blaoxy-1) (y. arakawa, m. ohta, n. kido, m. mori, h. ito, t. komatsu, y. fujii, and n. kato, antimicrob. agents chemother. 33:63-70, 1989) is 87.3%, and its amino acid similarity is 89.7%. this group of k. oxytoca beta-lactamases is related to chromosomal beta-lactamases of cit ... | 1996 | 8834897 |
| comparative in vitro activity of piperacillin/tazobactam against gram-negative bacilli. | to describe the in vitro activity of piperacillin/tazobactam against clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria, compared with other antibacterial agents. | 1996 | 8955735 |
| comparative characterization of the cephamycinase blacmy-1 gene and its relationship with other beta-lactamase genes. | a plasmidic beta-lactamase which hydrolyzed cephamycins was first detected and reported in 1989. at that time its description was restricted to phenotypic characteristics. we analyzed nucleotide sequence of its gene and explored it genetic relationship with other bla genes. the deduced amino acid sequence of the blacmy-1 product was compared with those of other known plasmidic cephamycinases and of chromosomal ampc beta-lactamases. the results indicate that the relationship of cmy-1 is closest t ... | 1996 | 8843306 |
| characterization of espc, a 110-kilodalton protein secreted by enteropathogenic escherichia coli which is homologous to members of the immunoglobulin a protease-like family of secreted proteins. | enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) secretes at least five proteins. two of these proteins, espa and espb (previously called eaeb), activate signal transduction pathways in host epithelial cells. while the role of the other three proteins (39, 40, and 110 kda) remains undetermined, secretion of all five proteins is under the control of pera, a known positive regulator of several epec virulence factors. on the basis of amino-terminal protein sequence data, we cloned and sequenced the gene wh ... | 1996 | 8932311 |
| comparative activity of eight antimicrobial agents against clinical bacterial isolates from the united states, measured by two methods. | in a surveillance study conducted during 1992-1993 at 83 medical institutions of different types and sizes (e.g., laboratories, community hospitals, teaching hospitals) and from different geographical areas of the united states, clinical bacterial isolates were tested for their susceptibility to eight comparative antimicrobial agents (cefepime, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, and piperacillin). a total of 12,574 isolates were tested by either the etest ... | 1996 | 8678094 |
| serological characterisation of anti-endotoxin sera directed against the conjugates of oligosaccharide core of escherichia coli type r1, r2, r3, j5 and salmonella ra with tetanus toxoid. | the covalent conjugates of oligosaccharide core: escherichia coli type r1, r2, r3, j5 and salmonella ra with tetanus toxoid have been prepared using reaction of reductive amination. the neoglycoconjugates were good immunogens in rabbits yielding a high level of anti-lipopolysaccharide antibodies of igg class. the antibodies were used to examine the possibility of their reactions with smooth lipopolysaccharides. we have found that all antisera were able to react with the lipopolysaccharide molecu ... | 1996 | 8954349 |
| [variation in transfer resistance to cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam in strains of acinetobacter sp., enterobacter sp. and citrobacter sp. isolated from the same university hospitals]. | in the last decade were in sr documented new problems in resistance to the newer antibiotics that with regard to their structure and antibacterial properties resisted to the known mechanism of bacterial resistance. the emergence of multiple drug resistance to the new betalactams is connected both with frequent application of these drugs in the hospitals and transfer of r plasmids. | 1996 | 8681362 |
| 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, an inhibitory metabolite of glycerol fermentation to 1,3-propanediol by enterobacterial species. | glycerol fermentation by enterobacter agglomerans revealed that both growth and 1,3-propanediol production ceased after consumption of about 430 mm glycerol, irrespective of the initial glycerol content. this phenomenon was assigned to the production of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, which was identified by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and which showed a bacteriostatic effect. the accumulation during glycerol fermentation was also observed with two other enterobacterial species, i.e., klebsiella ... | 1996 | 8919810 |
| mutational analysis of the cita citrate transporter from salmonella typhimurium: altered substrate specificity. | the cita citrate transporter in salmonella typhimurium is encoded by the cita gene and consists of 434 amino acid residues that probably include 12 membrane-spanning segments [shimamoto. t., et al. (1991) j. biochem. 110, 22-28]. cita mutants with altered substrate specificities were isolated by in vitro mutagenesis using nitrous acid. the mutants could grow on isocitrate as a sole carbon source which normally cannot be transported well by the cita transporter of s. typhimurium. the mutation sit ... | 1996 | 8806660 |
| [enterobacteria isolated from commercial fishes from the volga-caspian basin]. | enteric bacteria, such as proteus, citrobacter [correction of cytobacter], and providencia, were found to be prevalent particularly in the gills and intestines of marketable fishes of the volga and caspian seas. half of all the enteric bacteria was detected in the fish kidneys, spleen, and liver. this shows it necessary to standardize different types of fish raw materials. | 1996 | 8925957 |
| belgian multicentre study on the in vitro activity of cefepime against gram-negative bacilli. | the in vitro activity of cefepime has been compared with that of cefotaxime, ceftazidime, aztreonam, and piperacillin against 1826 enterobacteriaceae including 537 inducible enterobacteriaceae (enterobacter spp., serratia spp., citrobacter spp,. morganella morganii) and 572 non-fermenters, including 401 pseudomonas aeruginosa and 111 acinebacter spp. isolated from hospitalized patients in 28 belgian hospitals. overall, cefepime was found substantially more active than the third-generation cephal ... | 1996 | 8669160 |
| [in vitro study of antibacterial activity of cefepime (axepim) against gram negative bacteria: comparison with cephalosporins and other beta-lactams]. | the susceptibility to cefepime and to other beta-lactams of 1017 inducible cephalosporinase-producing enterobacteria, 897 pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, and 295 acinetobacter baumanii strains was studied over a two-year period (july 1, 1993 to june 30, 1995). the isolates were from patients in visceral surgery, intensive care, and clinical hematology wards. cefepime was compared to other third-generation cephalosporins and to imipenem, aztreonam, and the piperacillin-tazobactam combination. cef ... | 1996 | 8761598 |
| the use of a rapid salmonella latex serogrouping test (spectate) to assist in the confirmation of elisa-based rapid salmonella screening tests. | spectate, a 10 min, simple, latex-based agglutination test for serogrouping of salmonellae, has been investigated as a tool to assist in the confirmation of elisa presumptive positive broth samples when screening for salmonellae in foods. when obtaining a combined elisa and spectate positive result, there was a 90% (27/30) confidence limit of a genuine positive result, some one or two working days quicker than the traditional methods. of the 10% (3/30) that were not confirmed as salmonellas, two ... | 1996 | 8672278 |
| susceptibility of bacterial isolates to beta-lactam antibiotics from u.s. clinical trials over a 5-year period. | results are reported for agar dilution susceptibility testing of 3,075 isolates of aerobic bacteria collected from >200 u.s. institutions, located in 30 different states. these isolates were collected from 1987 through 1991 from patients who participated in cefepime clinical trials. cefepime susceptibility was compared with ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, and imipenem. to avoid duplication of strains, only initial isolates were included. cefepime minimum inhibitory concentrat ... | 1996 | 8678092 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (1994). iii. secular changes in susceptibility]. | susceptibilities of enterococcus faecalis, staphylococcus aureus, citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia spp. isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (utis) in 10 hospitals during june 1994 to may 1995 to various antimicrobial agents were compared with those in the same period of previous years according to a classification, uncomplicated utis, complicated utis without indwelling catheter, and co ... | 1996 | 8776631 |
| a new time-kill method of assessing the relative efficacy of antimicrobial agents alone and in combination developed using a representative beta-lactam, aminoglycoside and fluoroquinolone. | a time-kill curve employing nine sampling times over 6 h was used to provide data which were then used to develop a theoretical (best-fit) curve. from the theoretical curve parameters describing the rate of kill (alpha), time from addition of antibiotic to initiation of killing (d) and a function of the degree of killing observed (ym/yo) were defined. the area-under-the-curve (auc) was calculated from the theoretical curve. the variability of each parameter was assessed using a theoretical curve ... | 1996 | 8877533 |
| [diagnosis and management of acute haematogenous osteomyelitis in newborns and infants]. | many newborns in poland still suffer from acute hematogenous osteomyelitis. the paper discusses the principles of early diagnosis and treatment. | 1996 | 8975223 |
| [enterobacteria in areas of water along the crimean coast]. | characteristic of coliform bacteria in the coastal sea ecosystems is given. a decrease of escherichia coli indicator value was ascertained and presence of klebsiella sp. and citrobacter freundii was revealed, in the sea areas with high level of anthropogenic load. wide distribution of bacteria of enterobacter agglomerans kind was determined in the sea substrates and their stability to unfavourable influences was shown. | 1996 | 8983520 |
| bacteremia due to citrobacter species: significance of primary intraabdominal infection. | from 1982 to 1994, 45 patients (1.22 episodes per 10,000 discharged patients) were treated for citrobacter bacteremia at national taiwan university hospital (taipei). all patients had at least one underlying disease. citrobacter bacteremia most commonly occurred in patients with malignancies (48.9%) or hepatobiliary stones (22.2%). intraabdominal tumors comprised the majority (59.1%) of malignancies. bacteremia commonly originated from sites such as the abdominal cavity (51.1%), urinary tract (2 ... | 1996 | 8879778 |
| risk factors for nosocomial infections caused by gram-negative bacilli. the hellenic antibiotic resistance study group. | two hundred and ninety-nine gram-negative hospital-acquired infections from 257 patients, consecutively identified during one month (november 1992) in five hospitals in the greater athens area, were divided into four groups on the basis of the bacterium isolated: group 1 (escherichia coli group) included infections owing to e. coli, group 2 (proteus group) consisted of infections owing to proteus spp. and providencia spp., group 3 (kiebsiella/enterobacter group) involved infections owing to kieb ... | 1996 | 8880546 |
| [in vitro antibacterial activity of a new parenteral penem, sulopenem]. | eighty percent minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic80) of sulopenem against clinically isolated 12 to 80 strains of each of different bacteria were as follows: methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa): 0.20 micrograms/ml, methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa): 50 micrograms/ml, coagulase-negative staphylococci: 3.13 micrograms/ml, streptococcus pyogenes: < or = 0.013 microgram/ml, streptococcus pneumoniae: < or = 0.013 microgram/ml, beta-streptococci: 0.05 microgram/ml, enterococc ... | 1996 | 8786624 |
| a simple method to detect bacteriolytic enzymes produced by enterobacteriaceae. | the production of bacteriolytic enzymes by enterobacteriaceae in various growth conditions was investigated. peptone-based media containing killed gram-negative cells facilitated detection of bacteriolytic enzyme production in the highest number of species. these belonged to the genera serratia, proteus, morganella and providencia. in contrast, escherichia coli, shigella, salmonella, klebsiella, enterobacter and citrobacter species did not produce bacteriolytic activities in any of the condition ... | 1996 | 8893522 |
| occurrence of a novel l-2,4-diaminobutyrate decarboxylase activity in some species of enterobacteriaceae, and purification and characterization of the enzymes of enterobacter aerogenes and serratia marcescens. | l-2,4-diaminobutyrate decarboxylase (daba dc) is a novel enzyme yielding 1,3-diaminopropane (dap) from daba, which has previously been purified from strains of the genera vibrio and acinetobacter. in this study, we also detected daba dc activity in the species of enterobacteriaceae: e. aerogenes, e. cloacae, e. agglomerans, serratia marcescens, s. liquefaciens, klebsiella pneumoniace, k. oxytoca and citrobacter freundii, all of which produced dap in sufficient amounts. subsequently, the daba dcs ... | 1996 | 8913500 |
| the influence of incubation conditions on the adherence of oral enterobacteriaceae to hela cells. | the adherence of 12 oral isolates and 4 type strains of enterobacteriaceae (equally representing enterobacter cloacae, klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli and citrobacter freundii) to hela cell monolayers following five different incubation conditions (sucrose, d-mannose, serum, mem and candida albicans gdh 1957) was investigated. incubation with sucrose and d-mannose resulted in the greatest and least adherence, respectively. the presence of preadherent c. albicans gdh 1957 on the hela cell ... | 1996 | 8920813 |
| transferable cefoxitin resistance in enterobacteria from greek hospitals and characterization of a plasmid-mediated group 1 beta-lactamase (lat-2). | cefoxitin resistance in klebsiella pneumoniae from escherichia coli strains isolated in greek hospitals was found to be due to the acquisition of similar plasmids coding for group 1 beta-lactamases. the plasmids were not self-transferable but were mobilized by conjugative plasmids. these elements have also been spread to enterobacter aerogenes. the most common enzyme was a citrobacter freundii-derived cephalosporinase (lat-2) which differed from lat-1 by three amino acids. | 1996 | 8807075 |
| antimicrobial effects of oligoamines. | twenty-four oligoamines belonging to six (1-6) structurally different types were tested in vitro for their antibacterial activity against 14 different bacterial species comprising a total of 187 strains. ten compounds were able to inhibit growth of at least one strain at concentrations < or = 10 mumol/l. for three compounds, minimum inhibitory concentrations for some strains were even below 1 mumol/l. clear structure-activity relationships showed that the inhibitory effect depended on the bridge ... | 1996 | 9005815 |
| screening of in vitro antibacterial activity from syzygium guineense (willd) hydrosoluble dry extract. | diarrhoea is one of the most important causes of infant mortality in the world. as modern drugs are expensive or unavailable in developing countries, many people use traditional medicines in africa for the treatment of several diseases. in our study, we investigated the antibacterial activity of syzygium guineense extract in order to assess its activity on some bacterial strains involved in diarrhoeal diseases and to justify its use. the aqueous dry extract was prepared by decoction followed by ... | 1996 | 9008903 |
| design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases. | a general method for synthesis of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfones has been developed. the new compounds inhibited most of the common types of beta-lactamase. the level of activity depended very strongly on the nature of the substituent in the 2 beta-alkenyl group. the inhibited species formed with the beta-lactamase from citrobacter freundii 1205 was sufficiently stable for x-ray crystallographic studies. these, together with uv absorption spectroscopy and studies of chemical degradation, suggeste ... | 1996 | 8809160 |
| structural and serological studies of lipopolysaccharides of citrobacter o35 and o38 antigenically related to salmonella. | structural analysis using 13c nmr spectroscopy and methylation showed that lipopolysaccharides (lpss) of citrobacter freundii o35 and salmonella arizonae o59 have structurally identical o-specific polysaccharide chains, and those of c. freundii o38 and salmonella kentucky differ only in the presence of o-acetyl groups in the former. serological relationships between the structurally similar lpss were demonstrated using inhibition of elisa, rocket immunoelectrophoresis, double gel diffusion, and ... | 1996 | 8821392 |
| characterization and expression of the plasmid-borne bedd gene from pseudomonas putida ml2, which codes for a nad+-dependent cis-benzene dihydrodiol dehydrogenase. | the catabolic plasmid phmt112 in pseudomonas putida ml2 contains the bed gene cluster encoding benzene dioxygenase (bedc1c2ba) and a nad+-dependent dehydrogenase (bedd) required to convert benzene into catechol. analysis of the nucleotide sequence upstream of the benzene dioxygenase gene cluster (bedc1c2ba) revealed a 1,098-bp open reading frame (bedd) flanked by two 42-bp direct repeats, each containing a 14-bp sequence identical to the inverted repeat of is26. in vitro translation analysis sho ... | 1996 | 8824602 |
| cloning, sequencing, and overexpression of the genes encoding coenzyme b12-dependent glycerol dehydratase of citrobacter freundii. | the genes encoding coenzyme b12-dependent glycerol dehydratase of citrobacter freundii were cloned and overexpressed in escherichia coli. the b12-free enzyme was purified to homogeneity. it consists of three types of subunits whose n-terminal sequences are in accordance with those deduced from the open reading frames dhab, dhac, and dhae, coding for subunits of 60,433 (alpha), 21,487 (beta), and 16,121 (gamma) da, respectively. the enzyme complex has the composition alpha2beta2gamma2. amino acid ... | 1996 | 8824629 |
| bacteriologic and clinical applications of a new extended-spectrum parenteral cephalosporin. | although third-generation cephalosporins have been considered the backbone of antibiotic therapy for the treatment of many kinds of serious infections, including those in hospitalized patients, lack of activity against some important pathogens still exists among currently available drugs. in addition, increasing accounts of antibiotic resistance, particularly in the hospital environment, are of deep concern and have thus led to the need for the development of newer antimicrobial agents. cefepime ... | 1996 | 8678097 |
| citrobacter emphysematous pyelonephritis in a tuberculous kidney caused by citrobacter. a case report in a diabetic patient. | emphysematous pyelonephritis caused by gas-producing bacteria like escherichia coli or klebsiella pneumonia is generally observed in female diabetic patients. we report a case in which citrobacter was the microbiologically documented pathogen. high-dose antibiotic regimen was administered, but nephrectomy was necessary to overcome the life-threatening situation. | 1996 | 8766145 |
| favorable outcome possible in citrobacter brain abscess. | 1996 | 8783364 | |
| evaluation of chromagar orientation for differentiation and presumptive identification of gram-negative bacilli and enterococcus species. | a new chromogenic plate medium, chromagar orientation, was evaluated for use in the differentiation and presumptive identification of gram-negative bacilli and enterococcus species by a multipoint inoculation (replicator) technique. in this study, 1,404 gram-negative bacilli and 74 enterococcal isolates were tested on chromagar orientation. six control american type culture collection strains were also included with the testing to ensure quality control of the media. of the escherichia coli isol ... | 1996 | 8784591 |
| use of two 16s dna targeted oligonucleotides as pcr primers for the specific detection of salmonella in foods. | a 16s dna targeted polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method specific for the detection of salmonella isolates with various serotypes was developed. the primers used for such a pcr method were 16sf1 and 16siii. 16sf1 is the reverse and complementary strand of 16si which has been shown to be able to hybridize with salmonella and citrobacter spp. 16iii on the other hand, is able to hybridize with klebsiella and serratia spp. in addition to salmonella. although 16sf1 and 16siii were not specific to sa ... | 1996 | 8698667 |
| [antibacterial activity of sulopenem, a new parenteral penem antibiotic]. | sulopenem, a new penem antibiotic, was compared with other antibiotics with regard to in vitro antibacterial and bactericidal activities, stabilization against beta-lactamases, and effect on the release of lipopolysaccharide from gram-negative bacteria. the results are summarized as follows. 1. sulopenem showed more potent activities than other antibiotics against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria except pseudomonas aeruginosa. 2. sulopenem showed potent bactericidal activities (mic/ ... | 1996 | 8786625 |
| [in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of sulopenem, a new penem antibiotic]. | the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of sulopenem, a new penem, were evaluated in comparison with imipenem (ipm), meropenem (mepm), ceftazidime (caz) and flomoxef (fmox). sulopenem had broad and potent antibacterial spectra against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including enterococcus faecalis, proteus vulgaris, morganella morganii, enterobacter spp. and citrobacter freundii. sulopenem showed concentration-dependent bactericidal activities against staphylococcus aureus, e ... | 1996 | 8786626 |
| characterization of the plasmidic beta-lactamase cmy-2, which is responsible for cephamycin resistance. | the phenotype of klebsiella pneumoniae hel-1 indicates a plasmidic cephamycinase gene (blacmy-2). its sequence shows one open reading frame coding for a protein of 381 amino acids. cmy-2 is classified as class c beta-lactamase that is closely related to the plasmidic enzymes bil-1 and lat-1 and the chromosomal ampc of citrobacter freundii. the blacmy-2 gene possibly was translocated onto a plasmid of c. freundii which spread to k. pneumoniae. | 1996 | 8787910 |
| characterization of the eaea gene from rabbit enteropathogenic escherichia coli strain rdec-1 and comparison to other eaea genes from bacteria that cause attaching-effacing lesions. | a number of enteric pathogens, including enteropathogenic (epec) and enterohemorrhagic (ehec) escherichia coli, hafnia alvei, a strain of citrobacter freundii, and rabbit epec strain rdec-1 cause attaching-effacing (ae) lesions in the gut mucosa. these bacteria have a pathogenicity cassette (locus of enterocyte effacement or lee) containing the eaea gene. this gene encodes intimin, an outer membrane protein required for production of ae lesions. rdec-1, a non-invasive enteropathogen in young rab ... | 1996 | 8900070 |
| confirmational identification of escherichia coli, a comparison of genotypic and phenotypic assays for glutamate decarboxylase and beta-d-glucuronidase. | genotypic and phenotypic assays for glutamate decarboxylase (gad) and beta-d-glucuronidase (gud) were compared for their abilities to detect various strains of escherichia coli and to discriminate among other bacterial species. test strains included nonpathogenic e. coli, three major groups of diarrheagenic e. coli, three other non-coli escherichia species, and various other gram-negative and -positive bacteria found in water. the genotypic assays were performed with hybridization probes generat ... | 1996 | 8795225 |
| comparative evaluation of orally active antibiotics against community-acquired pathogens: results of eight european countries. | in this multicenter study conducted in eight european countries, 13,173 pathogens--all isolated from community-acquired infections in 1992 and 1993--were evaluated for their susceptibility to the following orally active antibiotics: penicillin g, ampicillin, amoxycillin plus clavulanic acid, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefetamet, doxycycline and erythromycin. ten centers in italy, five in germany, in the netherlands and switzerland, four in greece and spain, three in hungary and one in finland contrib ... | 1996 | 8751263 |
| growth suppression in early-stationary-phase nutrient broth cultures of salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli is genus specific and not regulated by sigma s. | we have studied the growth suppression seen in early-stationary-phase lb broth cultures of salmonella typhimurium. multiplication of small numbers of an antibiotic-resistant s. typhimurium mutant was prevented when the mutant was added to 24-h cultures of the antibiotic-sensitive parent strain, whereas an antibiotic-resistant mutant of an escherichia coli strain added to the same culture grew well. a 24-h e. coli culture produced a similar specific bacteriostatic inhibition against e. coli. in o ... | 1996 | 8655482 |
| assessment of biodegradability of organic acids by a defined microbial mixture. | 1996 | 8661457 | |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (1994). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 567 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 10 hospitals during the period of june 1994 to may 1995. of the above total bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 26.8% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 73.2% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis. ampicillin (abpc) and imipen ... | 1996 | 8752862 |
| affinity purification and binding characteristics of citrobacter freundii ampr, the transcriptional regulator of the ampc beta-lactamase gene. | the transcriptional regulator of the citrobacter freundii ampc beta-lactamase gene, ampr, was purified as a single sds/page-gel band by using various techniques, including dna-sepharose 4b affinity chromatography. the purified ampr consisted of a 32.5 kda monomer that interacted with three operator sequences: two binding sequences, at positions -75 to -70 and -67 to -51 with respect to the transcriptional start site, were located in the lysr motif (-72 to -60), and the third sequence was at posi ... | 1996 | 8639272 |
| outbreak of tem-24-producing enterobacter aerogenes in an intensive care unit and dissemination of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase to other members of the family enterobacteriaceae. | we report an outbreak of enterobacter aerogenes in an intensive care unit (icu) and two medicine departments that produced the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase tem-24, which was difficult to detect by disk agar diffusion. the strains were compared by dna restriction fragment length polymorphism after pulsed-field gel electrophoresis following cleavage with xbai. this typing method indicated that a single strain, first isolated in the icu, spread throughout the other medical departments as a resu ... | 1996 | 8748277 |
| distribution of diaminopropane and acetylspermidine in enterobacteriaceae. | polyamines of 97 strains (60 species) belonging to 18 genera of the family enterobacteriaceae were determined by high performance liquid chromatographic analysis. in addition to putrescine and cadavarine, diaminopropane was widely distributed in enterobacteriaceae and almost ubiquitously within enterobacter, pantoea, erwinia, leminorella, proteus, leclercia, morganella, klebsiella, hafnia, rahnella, serratia, and tatumella species and sporadically within citrobacter, escherichia, moellerella, pr ... | 1996 | 8742354 |
| thermal necrosis after tibial reaming for intramedullary nail fixation. a report of three cases. | we present three young men who sustained closed diaphyseal fracture of the tibia and later developed severe osteocutaneous necrosis induced by heat during intramedullary reaming. they all had a narrow medullary cavity and in all a tourniquet had been used. each developed a pretibial cutaneous blister soon after operation. in the following month severe osteomyelitis ensued, requiring segmental resection and osteocutaneous reconstruction. | 1996 | 8682825 |
| the catalytic mechanism of tyrosine phenol-lyase from erwinia herbicola: the effect of substrate structure on ph-dependence of kinetic parameters in the reactions with ring-substituted tyrosines. | apparently homogeneous tyrosine phenol-lyase (tpl) from erwinia herbicola has been prepared by a new method. the ph-dependencies of the main kinetic parameters for the reactions of erwinia tpl with tyrosine, 2-fluorotyrosine, 3-fluorotyrosine, 2-chlorotyrosine, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) have been studied. the pattern of ph-dependence of v(max) depends on the nature of the substituent in the aromatic ring. for the substrates bearing small substituents (h, 2-f, 3-f) v(max) values were ... | 1996 | 8663898 |
| identification of tonb homologs in the family enterobacteriaceae and evidence for conservation of tonb-dependent energy transduction complexes. | the transport of fe(iii)-siderophore complexes and vitamin b12 across the outer membrane of escherichia coli requires the tonb-dependent energy transduction system. a set of murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) was generated against an e. coli trpc-tonb fusion protein to facilitate structure and function studies. in the present study, the epitopes recognized by these mabs were mapped, and their distribution in gram-negative organisms was examined. cross-species reactivity patterns obtained agains ... | 1996 | 8631714 |
| crystal structure of citrobacter freundii restriction endonuclease cfr10i at 2.15 a resolution. | the x-ray crystal structure of citrobacter freundii restriction endonuclease cfr10i has been determined at a resolution of 2.15 a by multiple isomorphous replacement methods and refined to an r-factor of 19.64%. the structure of cfr10i represents the first structure of a restriction endonuclease recognizing a degenerated nucleotide sequence. structural comparison of cfr10i with previously solved structures of other restriction enzymes suggests that recognition of specific sequence occurs through ... | 1996 | 8568865 |
| inhibition of the hemolytic activity of the first component of complement c1 by an escherichia coli c1q binding protein. | molecular mimicry is a well established mechanism via which bacteria protect themselves from complement-mediated killing. we have previously demonstrated that a number of human cells express receptors for c1q (c1qr) and that the soluble form of this receptor inhibits activation of the classical pathway of complement. we now investigated whether escherichia coli possesses a c1qr-like protein that protects these bacteria from complement-mediated injury. by facs analysis it was shown that approxima ... | 1996 | 8666822 |
| isolation, identification, and transcriptional specificity of the heat shock sigma factor sigma32 from caulobacter crescentus. | we report the identification of the caulobacter crescentus heat shock factor sigma32 as a 34-kda protein that copurifies with the rna polymerase holoenzyme. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of this protein was determined and used to design a degenerate oligonucleotide as a probe to identify the corresponding gene, rpoh, which encodes a predicted protein with a molecular mass of 33,659 da. the amino acid sequence of this protein is similar to those of known bacterial heat shock sigma factors of ... | 1996 | 8606189 |
| the detection of verocytotoxins in bacterial cultures from human diarrhoeal samples with monoclonal antibody-based elisas. | bacterial cultures from 1801 human diarrhoeal faecal specimens were examined for verocytotoxins i and ii by monoclonal antibody-based sandwich elisas. of the 68 elisa-positive cultures selected from initial screening, 32 were positive by elisa on repeat or from freshly grown cultures. elisa-positive pure cultures were obtained from 13 of these, of which seven were confirmed as verocytotoxin positive by cytotoxicity assay. these seven strains were typed as o26 (5) and o146 (2). the six false posi ... | 1996 | 8606355 |
| the occurrence of glycine in bacterial lipopolysaccharides. | the aminoacyl analysis of endotoxic lipopolysaccharides (lps) isolated from several bacteria revealed essential amounts of glycine, among the inherent lps components. significant amounts of the glycine was detected in lipopolysaccharides isolated from over 30 strains of escherichia, salmonella, hafnia, citrobacter and shigella species. glycine as a single amino acid was found only in a core part of lps. molar ratio of glycine in core oligosaccharide fraction ranged from 0.2 to 0.6 per 3 heptoses ... | 1996 | 8739188 |
| aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of superficial suppurative thrombophlebitis. | to study the aerobic and anaerobic microbiologic characteristics of superficial suppurative thrombophlebitis. | 1996 | 8546586 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of blood culture isolates of enterobacteriaceae from six norwegian hospitals 1991-1992. | from august 1991 to february 1992, each of the six largest hospitals throughout norway collected 84 to 107 consecutive blood culture isolates of enterobacteriaceae, altogether 571 isolates. the distribution of various species and genera at the different hospitals was uniform; escherichia coli being most prevalent (57-67%), followed by klebsiella spp. (12-18%) and proteus mirabilis (7-11%). twenty-one and 4% of e. coli isolates were resistant to ampicillin and cefuroxime, respectively, and 11% of ... | 1997 | 9393556 |
| citrobacter farmeri bacteremia in a child with short-bowel syndrome. | a case of sepsis in a pediatric patient due to the newly described citrobacter species c. farmeri is described. factors predisposing this child to infection included short-bowel syndrome requiring total parenteral nutrition. | 1997 | 9399558 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (1995). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 704 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (utis) in 11 hospitals during the period of june 1995 to may 1996. of the above bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 29.8% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 70.2% and most of them were escherichia coli. susceptibilities of several isolated bacteria to anti ... | 1997 | 9575353 |
| [treatment of lower respiratory tract infections in the elderly]. | sixty outpatients at the age of 65 to 75 years with exacerbated chronic bronchitis were treated with antibiotics: amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (20 patients), cefaclor (20 patients) and ciprofloxacin (20 patients). the treatment course in all the cases was 5 days. bacteriological tests of the sputum specimens and estimation of the isolate antibiotic susceptibility by the disk diffusion method were applied to all the patients before and after the treatment. 73 per cent of the patients had mixed inf ... | 1997 | 9480649 |
| localization of enzymically enhanced heavy metal accumulation by citrobacter sp. and metal accumulation in vitro by liposomes containing entrapped enzyme. | a heavy-metal-accumulating citrobacter sp. has been used for the treatment of metal-laden industrial wastes. metal uptake is mediated via a cell-bound phosphatase that liberates inorganic phosphate which precipitates with heavy metals as cell-bound metal phosphate. a phosphatase-efficient mutant accumulated little uo(2)2+, while a phosphatase-overproducing mutant accumulated correspondingly more metal, with a uranium loading equivalent to the bacterial dry weight achieved after 6 h exposure of r ... | 1997 | 9245830 |
| citrobacter freundii and fatal neutropenic enterocolitis following adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. | neutropenic enterocolitis is increasingly being recognized as a life-threatening complication of chemotherapy, mainly for haematological and lymphoproliferative malignancies. it is under-recognized clinically, with the diagnosis often being made on post-mortem examination. although active medical management is generally preferred, surgical intervention may be indicated. we report a case of fatal neutropenic enterocolitis, secondary to citrobacter freundii, following adjuvant chemotherapy for bre ... | 1997 | 9269550 |
| molecular epidemiology of an outbreak due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteria in a french hospital. | between june 1992 and june 1993, 128 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteria (123 klebsiella pneumoniae, 3 escherichia coli, 1 enterobacter aerogenes, and 1 citrobacter diversus) were collected in a french university hospital. these isolates were recovered mainly from patients hospitalized in intensive care and neurosurgery units. the 128 strains were divided into 14 antibiotypes (atbs; atb1 to atb14); 102 of 103 nonredundant isolates were shown to produce an shv-4-related exte ... | 1997 | 9272388 |
| regulation of whole blood tumor necrosis factor production upon endotoxin stimulation after severe blunt trauma. | trauma has been recognized to be accompanied by alterations of leukocyte functions such as cytokine release. the regulatory principles involved in these changes are still poorly defined. to further characterize leukocyte function after multiple trauma, endotoxin-stimulated tumor necrosis factor (tnf) production of trauma patients' whole blood and a possible regulatory mechanism were studied. | 1997 | 9420099 |
| characterization and amino acid sequence analysis of a new oxyimino cephalosporin-hydrolyzing class a beta-lactamase from serratia fonticola cuv. | serratia fonticola cuv produces two isoenzymes (forms i and ii) with beta-lactamase activity which were purified by a five-step procedure. the isoenzymes had identical kinetic parameters and isoelectric point (pi = 8.12). they were characterized by a specific activity towards benzylpenicillin of 1650 u/mg. the beta-lactamase hydrolyzed benzylpenicillin, amoxycillin, ureidopenicillins, first- and second-generation cephalosporins. carboxypenicillins and isoxazolylpenicillins were hydrolyzed to a l ... | 1997 | 9300809 |
| carbapenem resistance in a clinical isolate of citrobacter freundii. | carbapenem resistance was studied in two sets of citrobacter freundii strains: (i) strain cfr950, resistant to imipenem (mic, 16 microg/ml) and isolated in vivo during imipenem therapy, and strain cfr950-rev, the spontaneous, imipenem-susceptible revertant of cfr950 selected in vitro, and (ii) strains cfr801 and cfr802, two imipenem-resistant mutants selected in vitro from the susceptible clinical isolate cfr800. in all strains, whether they were imipenem-susceptible or -resistant strains, produ ... | 1997 | 9371332 |
| [the in vitro antibacterial activity of cefozopran against clinically isolated bacteria]. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of cefozopran (czop) against recent clinical isolates was evaluated and compared with those of ceftazidime (caz), cefpirome (cpr), cefepime (cfpm), cefotaxime (ctx), sulbactam/cefoperazone (s/c), imipenem (ipm), oxacillin (mpipc), and flomoxef (fmox). mic80 values of czop for methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa, n = 41), methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa, n = 57), streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 45), enterococus faecalis (n = 49), ... | 1997 | 9545668 |
| 3-methylaspartate ammonia-lyase as a marker enzyme of the mesaconate pathway for (s)-glutamate fermentation in enterobacteriaceae. | the enzyme 3-methylaspartase (3-methylaspartate ammonia-lyase, ec 4. 3.1.2) was found in the cells of enteric bacteria, especially in the genera citrobacter and morganella, that were grown under anoxic and oxygen-limited conditions. the enzymes were purified to homogeneity from the cell-free extracts of 18 active strains and had similar enzymological properties such as action on columns, specific activity, molecular weight, subunit structure, and n-terminal amino acid sequence similarity. the pr ... | 1997 | 9385136 |
| in vitro activity of cefpirome against microorganisms isolated in haematology, oncology and intensive care units in switzerland. | the in vitro activity of cefpirome, a new parenteral fourth-generation cephalosporin, was investigated in the 5 university hospitals of switzerland, and compared to 9 other antibiotics mainly used in hospitals, such as ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, piperacillin, imipenem, gentamicin, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. a total number of 992 strains collected only from intensive care units and haematology-oncology units were tested by microdilution according to nccls. cefpirome showe ... | 1997 | 9571744 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of cs-834, a novel oral carbapenem. | cs-834 is a novel oral carbapenem antibiotic. this compound is an ester-type prodrug of the active metabolite r-95867. the antibacterial activity of r-95867 was tested against 1,323 clinical isolates of 35 species and was compared with those of oral cephems, i.e., cefteram, cefpodoxime, cefdinir, and cefditoren, and that of a parenteral carbapenem, imipenem. r-95867 exhibited a broad spectrum of activity covering both gram-positive and -negative aerobes and anaerobes. its activity was superior t ... | 1997 | 9420035 |
| bacterial isolates from indigenous weaning foods in rural ethiopian setting, jimma zone, south west ethiopia. | a community based bacteriological study of weaning foods was conducted from november 1994 to august 1995 in six peasant associations, jimma zone. the households in the study community were found to be in poor sanitary conditions with cattle and pets living in the same room with humans, and the community gets water from unprotected sources. the predominant weaning foods in the study community were cereals. these and other foods given to weaning age children were found to be grossly contaminated, ... | 1997 | 9577010 |