Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| evaluation of coliforms as indicators of water quality in india. | the total and thermotolerant coliform counts in rural drinking water derived from ground water, piped supplies and surface water are reported for a number of areas in india. to evaluate these counts as indicators of recent faecal contamination the total coliforms and thermotolerant coliforms isolated have been identified. thermotolerant escherichia coli formed 11.7% of the total coliforms and 75.1% of the thermotolerant coliforms. citrobacter sp. (20.4%) and klebsiella sp. (50.9%) were the other ... | 1992 | 1517177 |
| reduction of campylobacter jejuni colonization of chicks by cecum-colonizing bacteria producing anti-c. jejuni metabolites. | cecum-colonizing bacteria were isolated from campylobacter jejuni-free white leghorn (gallus domesticus) laying hens and screened for the ability to produce anti-c. jejuni metabolites. nine isolates were obtained that possessed this characteristic. the peroral administration of the nine isolates as a mixture (ca. 10(9) per chick) to 1-day-old chicks was followed 1 week later by peroral inoculation of campylobacter jejuni (ca. 10(9) per chick) to determine if the cecal isolates could protect chic ... | 1992 | 1610187 |
| bacteriophage lytic patterns for identification of salmonellae, shigellae, escherichia coli, citrobacter freundii, and enterobacter cloacae. | a series of bacteriophages specific for escherichia coli (e-1, e-2, e-3, and e-4), citrobacter freundii (phi i, phi ii, and phi iii), enterobacter cloacae (ent), and shigella spp. (sh) have been isolated from hospital sewage. these bacteriophages, in combination with felix salmonella phage o-i, were used as a diagnostic phage typing set which included seven phage preparations: o-i, c (phi i and phi iii), sh, e (e-1 and e-2), ce (phi ii and e-3), e-4, and ent. after 20,280 cultures of 27 species ... | 1992 | 1551974 |
| [a case of alveolar hydatid disease of the lung in the kansai district of japan]. | a 78-year-old man was admitted to hospital because of episodes of high grade fever and multiple nodular shadows on chest roentgenogram. he had a past history of percutaneous drainage and partial resection of the left lobe of the liver for liver abscess of unknown origin in 1987. the high grade fever was secondary to sepsis due to citrobacter freundii. the sepsis improved with antibiotic therapy, but the abnormal shadows on chest roentgenogram did not improved. immunoserological tests indicated a ... | 1992 | 1630056 |
| citrobacter diversus brain abscess: case reports and molecular epidemiology. | citrobacter diversus brain abscess occurred in two infants in aberdeen, 5 months apart. these are the first reported cases of this condition in the uk since 1976. restriction endonuclease analysis with saci enzyme showed blood and csf isolates from both patients to be identical and different from 10 other clinical isolates of c. diversus and one c. amalonaticus strain. furthermore, isolates of c. diversus from patients belonged to biotype "d" whereas control isolates were of biotypes "a" or "e". ... | 1992 | 1560449 |
| antifungal anthracycline antibiotics, spartanamicins a and b from micromonospora spp. | spartanamicins a and b, two antifungal antibiotics, were produced by a culture of micromonospora spp. strain no. msu-43097 (atcc 53803), isolated from a potted soil containing asparagus (asparagus officinalis l.) plants. the antibiotics were isolated from the mycelial cake using organic solvents. the structures of spartanamicins a and b were determined by spectral and chemical means. spartanamicin b is more active as an antifungal compound than it's analogue, a. the minimum inhibitory concentrat ... | 1992 | 1468980 |
| the current and future impact of antimicrobial resistance among nosocomial bacterial pathogens. | the selection of drug-resistant microorganisms has generally been associated with the widespread use of antimicrobial agents. the emergence of these antimicrobial resistance has an undesirable impact that often severely limits the use of these drugs that could have otherwise been identified as "drugs of first choice." among the most serious drug-resistance problems, the chromosomally mediated type -i beta-lactamase mechanism has become more common among the infecting gram-negative bacteria. type ... | 1992 | 1737440 |
| incidence of an aminoglycoside 6'-n-acetyltransferase, acc(6')-1b, in amikacin-resistant clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli, as determined by dna-dna hybridisation and immunoblotting. | seventy amikacin-resistant clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria belonging to nine genera were examined by immunoblotting and by dna-dna hybridisation for the presence of acc(6')1b enzyme, previously called aac(6')-4, or its encoding gene aaca1b. the organisms mostly had resistance profiles compatible with aac(6') production and were from south and north america, the far east and europe. polyclonal (rabbit) anti-aac(6')-1b antisera and an intragenic aaca1b (aaca4) probe derived from the mu ... | 1992 | 1740788 |
| [typing by isoelectric focusing of beta-lactamase enzymes in klebsiella and enterobacter strains resistant to the new beta-lactam antibiotics]. | resistance to new generation beta-lactam antibiotics in gram-negative bacteria is increasing worldwide. this resistance is due to ebs enzymes in klebsiella spp., and type-i chromosomal enzymes in enterobacter spp., citrobacter, p. aeruginosa, providencia, m. morganii and s. marcescens. in this study, the types of beta-lactamases in 16 klebsiella spp. and 15 enterobacter spp. which are resistant to newer beta-lactam antibiotics was investigated by isoelectric focusing. the results of the study sh ... | 1992 | 1574017 |
| [fatal emphysematous pyelonephritis]. | a man aged 46 years with diabetes mellitus was admitted with acute right-sided renal symptoms. pyelonephritis emphysematous without concretions was found. the patient was treated with insulin, fluids, electrolytes and antibiotics and nephrostomy was performed and, subsequently, an internal jj-catheter in the ureter. the symptoms disappeared and he was discharged on a low dosage of sulphamethizol. after the planned removal of the jj-catheter, sepsis running a lethal course developed. this emphasi ... | 1992 | 1631972 |
| [clinical pharmacology and efficacy of meropenem]. | we studied a newly developed carbapenem, meropenem (mepm), and obtained the following results. 1. pharmacokinetics of mepm in pediatrics was examined in 3 patients. mepm was injected intravenously at a dose of 16-22 mg/kg by drip infusion for 30 minutes, and its concentrations in serum and urine were determined using bioassay. the average peak value of serum levels of mepm was 38.4 micrograms/ml and t1/2 beta of mepm was 1.26 hours. the urinary recovery rate for the first 6 hours after administr ... | 1992 | 1507403 |
| expression of vi antigen in escherichia coli k-12: characterization of viab from citrobacter freundii and identity of viaa with rcsb. | the vi antigen in salmonella typhi is stably expressed and may act to protect the strain against the defensive system of the host. citrobacter freundii, not usually a common human pathogen, also expresses the vi antigen but expresses it unstably, exhibiting a reversible transition between the vi+ and vi- states. two widely separated chromosomal regions, viaa and viab, are needed for vi synthesis. escherichia coli k-12 harboring a functional viab plasmid can also express vi antigen, but the clone ... | 1992 | 1522067 |
| septicemia in granulocytopenic patients: a shift in bacterial etiology. | 35 episodes of septicemia in 33 patients occurred among 269 consecutive patients with granulocytopenia (granulocyte cell count less than or equal to 0.5 x 10(9)/l) during the 7-year period 1982-1988. 59% of isolated bacteria were gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus, staph. epidermidis, streptococcus species and pneumococcus) and 41% gram-negative (pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter, acinetobacter and citrobacter). compared to the 7-year period 1975-198 ... | 1992 | 1509241 |
| neonatal septicaemia in an african city of high altitude. | ninety-nine cases of neonatal septicaemia prospectively seen over a 3-year period in a large cosmopolitan african city of high altitude is presented. an incidence of 6.5 per 1000 live births was noted. though the most important pathogens were klebsiella spp. and staphylococcus aureus, citrobacter difficile and alkalegenes faecalis were the pathogens associated with a high mortality rate. low birth weight infants were significantly more affected. the overall mortality rate was 27.3 per cent. the ... | 1992 | 1527816 |
| further observations on the serological response to experimental salmonella typhimurium in chickens measured by elisa. | an indirect elisa developed for the serological detection of salmonella typhimurium in chickens using lipopolysaccharide as detecting antigen has been evaluated further in experimental infections. following oral infection of 24-week-old laying hens with an invasive strain of s. typhimurium, high titres of specific circulating igg were induced which were maintained for 20 weeks. similar igg titres were found in egg yolk. when 4-day-old chickens were infected high antibody titres persisted for 45 ... | 1992 | 1582466 |
| the e-test applied to susceptibility tests of gonococci, multiply-resistant enterococci, and enterobacteriaceae producing potent beta-lactamases. | the e-test (ab biodisk, solna, sweden), a new and novel approach developed to test antimicrobial susceptibility, was compared with the agar dilution method. a collection of 57 organisms, including those with known resistances to various antimicrobial agents was tested against 15 drugs using the national committee for clinical laboratory standard (nccls) methods. the e-test quantitative accuracy (+/- 2 log2 dilutions) compared with agar dilution results was 99% for neisseria gonorrhoeae, 95% for ... | 1992 | 1643825 |
| evaluation of aztreonam in the treatment of serious gram-negative infections in a university hospital in saudi arabia. | the efficacy and safety of aztreonam were evaluated in an open trial at king khalid university hospital, riyadh, saudi arabia. a total of 45 critically-ill adult patients were enrolled in the study. all patients with documented gram-negative infection were treated with aztreonam as monotherapy. antibiotics active against only gram-positive and/or anaerobic organisms were allowed. twenty cases were clinically evaluable. eleven had lower respiratory tract infections (pneumonia), 3 had urinary trac ... | 1992 | 1517810 |
| use of a commercial double-test tablet (rosco pgua/indole) for screening of escherichia coli. | a commercial double-test tablet (rosco pgua/indole) for detection of beta-glucuronidase (beta-gur) activity and indole production was evaluated on a collection of 393 isolates of enterobacteria. both beta-gur and indole were positive on 96.6% of escherichia coli strains. beta-gur, only, was also detected in 25 shigella spp., four enterobacter cloacae, eight citrobacter freundii, and five salmonella enteritidis strains, none of which were indole producers. an additional 261 consecutive clinical i ... | 1992 | 1611844 |
| review of the in vitro antibacterial activity of cefprozil, a new oral cephalosporin. | cefprozil is a newer oral cephalosporin with a spectrum of activity against organisms that include gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. a review of published data shows that cefprozil is active (susceptibility, less than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml; moderate susceptibility, 16 micrograms/ml; resistance, greater than or equal to 32 micrograms/ml) against gram-positive species such as streptococci, methicillin-susceptible staphylococci, and listeria monocytogenes; it may have marginal activi ... | 1992 | 1617037 |
| mobilization of nonconjugative pbr322-derivative plasmids from laboratory strains of escherichia coli to bacteria isolated from seawater. | mobilization of derivatives of plasmids pbr322 and pbr325 was shown to occur between escherichia coli k12 strains in lb-broth at 37 degrees c, provided a mobilizer plasmid (f') was present either together with the nonconjugative plasmid or in a second donor strain. evidence from restriction endonuclease analysis suggested that the mobilization was facilitated by a transposition phenomenon involving the "gamma-delta" sequence of f'. it was shown that mobilization of a derivative of pbr325 from e. ... | 1992 | 1341984 |
| [a study carried out in 1989 at the sant'antonio hospital of ovada on food poisoning in personnel handling and selling food products and drinks]. | the search for salmonella spp in the faeces and of staphylococcus aureus in pharyngeal pads during examinations for the renewal of the medical fitness booklet, leads to a number of considerations of a technical-health and economic nature. whereas the identification of staphylococcus aureus is fairly straightforward, that of salmonella in the faeces is not so easy. doubtful results are commonplace and bacteria are often found with features similar to salmonella; this means extra examinations with ... | 1992 | 1589136 |
| anaerobic malonate decarboxylation by citrobacter diversus. growth and metabolic studies, and evidence of atp formation. | citrobacter diversus atcc 27156 was able to grow by decarboxylation of malonate to acetate under strictly anaerobic conditions, in the presence of yeast extract. the growth yield, corrected for growth on yeast extract, was 2.03 g cell dry mass per mol malonate. the addition of malonate to atp-depleted cell suspensions (less than 0.2 nmol atp/mg cell protein) resulted in a rapid increase in cellular atp levels to between 4.5 and 6.0 nmol/mg cell protein. intact cells decarboxylated malonate at ra ... | 1992 | 1510573 |
| the vi antigen of salmonella typhi: molecular analysis of the viab locus. | strains of salmonella typhi isolated from the blood of patients with typhoid fever invariably express a capsular polysaccharide, termed the vi antigen. vi antigen expression is controlled by two separate chromosomal loci, viaa and viab. the viaa locus is commonly found in enteric bacteria. in contrast, the viab locus appears to be specific to vi-expressing strains of salmonella and citrobacter. here the cloning, expression and analysis of viab determinants from s. typhi ty2 is described. whole-c ... | 1992 | 1564441 |
| [monthly variation of viable count and coliforms count of sandpits in parks]. | field and experimental microbiological investigations of samples from sandpits from 5 parks were performed 2 times a month for 1 year, january-december 1990. total viable count from the sandpits was highest in the surface layer sample than the inner layer throughout the year. however, there was no such tendency in the number of coliforms and enterobacter, escherichia coli, citrobacter. the number of bacteria on the surface and inner layer was high from april to june, and in september and october ... | 1992 | 1600209 |
| uranium bioaccumulation by a citrobacter sp. as a result of enzymically mediated growth of polycrystalline huo2po4. | a citrobacter sp. accumulates heavy deposits of metal phosphate, derived from an enzymically liberated phosphate ligand. the cells are not subject to saturation constraints and can accumulate several times their own weight of precipitated metal. this high capacity is attributable to biomineralization; uranyl phosphate accumulates as polycrystalline huo2po4 at the cell surface. the precipitated metal is indistinguishable from crystalline huo2po4.4h2o grown by chemical methods. | 1992 | 1496397 |
| the polypeptide chain fold in tyrosine phenol-lyase, a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent enzyme. | the tyrosine phenol lyase (ec 4.1.99.2) from citrobacter intermedius has been crystallised in the apo form by vapour diffusion. the space group is p2(1)2(1)2. the unit cell has dimensions a = 76.0 a, b = 138.3 a, c = 93.5 a and it contains two subunits of the tetrameric molecule in the asymmetric unit. diffraction data for the native enzyme and two heavy atom derivatives have been collected with synchrotron radiation and an image plate scanner. the structure has been solved at 2.7 a resolution b ... | 1992 | 1601133 |
| [antimicrobial activities of ceftriaxone against clinically isolated strains]. | antibiotic activities (mics) of ceftriaxone (ctrx) against 1,210 strains of bacteria including 28 spp. isolated in 1987 and 1990 were compared with those of other cephems. 1. when compared to data on clinically isolated strains reported in the early 1980s, strains of the following species isolated in 1990 showed extremely elevated mic90s of ctrx: staphylococcus spp., streptococcus pneumoniae, escherichia coli, citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., serratia spp., proteus vulgaris, morganella morga ... | 1992 | 1522669 |
| cloning and expression of the erwinia herbicola tyrosine phenol-lyase gene in escherichia coli. | the tyrosine phenol-lyase (tpl) gene of erwinia herbicola was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli, and the complete nucleotide sequence of the gene determined. the tpl gene comprises 1368 bp, encoding 456 amino acids which have 90% amino acid identity with tpl from citrobacter freundii. after replacing the 5'-flanking region of the tpl gene with the e. coli lac promoter, tpl protein could be hyperproduced constitutively in e. coli without induction by l-tyrosine. | 1992 | 1418690 |
| in vitro activity of cefodizime. | cefodizime is a bactericidal cephem with the typical broad spectrum activity of an aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, including both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria: its mic90 is 0.125 mg/l for streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes and other streptococci; and 0.05 mg/l for haemophilus spp., neisseria meningitidis, neisseria gonorrhoeae and moraxella catarrhalis; while beta-lactamase positive strains of m. catarrhalis require 1 mg/l. less than 1 mg/l is needed for escherichia coli, ... | 1992 | 1526673 |
| growth temperature-dependent activity of glycerol dehydratase in escherichia coli expressing the citrobacter freundii dha regulon. | using the cosmid pwe15, a genomic library of citrobacter freundii dna in escherichia coli ecl707 was prepared and screened for glycerol utilization. six out of approximately 3000 clones were positive. one clone, harboring the recombinant cosmid prd1, expressed glycerol dehydratase in high activity when grown at 28 degrees c but not at 37 degrees c. the growth temperature had little effect on the activity of the other enzymes encoded by the dha regulon. when the glycerol-containing medium was sup ... | 1992 | 1478463 |
| evaluation of progesterone treatment to create a model for equine endometritis. | to investigate a model for equine endometritis, 12 mares with normal reproductive tracts were divided into 2 groups. all mares received progesterone in oil, 250 mg im, daily. at 5 days after initiation of progesterone administration, the uteri were inoculated with 10(6) colony forming units of pseudomonas aeruginosa. the day of inoculation was designated day 0. on day 6, endometrial swab samples yielded p. aeruginosa in 5 mares; samples from the other 7 mares yielded heavy growth of escherichia ... | 1992 | 1459059 |
| [can the reactions of lysine oxidative deamination be used for the biochemical differentiation between salmonella sp. and citrobacter freundii?]. | 1992 | 1472785 | |
| in vitro activity and susceptibility to hydrolysis of s-1006. | the in vitro activity of s-1006, the active component of a new orally absorbed cephalosporin, s-1108, inhibited 90% of staphylococcus aureus isolates at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, 90% of group a, b, c, f, and g streptococci and streptococcus pneumoniae isolates at less than or equal to 0.12 microgram/ml, and all haemophilus influenzae isolates at less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml. although 50% of the members of the family enterobacteriaceae were inhibited by less than or equal ... | 1992 | 1416835 |
| in vitro activity of mc-352, a new 16-membered macrolide. | the in vitro activity of mc-352, 3,4'-dideoxy-5-o-mycaminosyltylonolide, was compared with those of erythromycin, clarithromycin, and rokitamycin. the mc-352 mic90 (mic for 90% of isolates) for erythromycin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis was less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml, similar to those of the other agents. the mc-352 mic50 for erythromycin-resistant s. aureus was 2 micrograms/ml, similar to that of rokitamycin. the mc-352 mic90 (0.12 micrograms/ml) for ... | 1992 | 1416853 |
| [the clinico-immunological characteristics and treatment of acute intestinal infections caused by enterobacteria of the genus citrobacter]. | 1992 | 1293835 | |
| in vitro activity of opc-17116 compared to other broad-spectrum fluoroquinolones. | the in vitro activity of opc-17116 was compared to that of five similar fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin and temafloxacin). a total of 700 isolates from recent cases of clinical bacteremia were tested. fifty additional stock strains with well-characterized resistance mechanisms were also processed. the minimal concentrations inhibiting 90% of strains (mic90) of enterobacteriaceae species were for opc-17116 0.015-0.5 micrograms/ml and for ciprofloxacin 0.015-0.25 ... | 1992 | 1327789 |
| specific detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli by using polymerase chain reaction. | development of a routine detection assay for campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in clinical specimens was undertaken by using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). an oligonucleotide primer pair from a conserved 5' region of the flaa gene of c. coli vc167 was used to amplify a 450-bp region by pcr. the primer pair specifically detected 4 strains of c. coli and 47 strains of c. jejuni; but it did not detect strains of campylobacter fetus, campylobacter lari, campylobacter upsaliensis, cam ... | 1992 | 1400961 |
| [effect of meropenem on fecal flora in children]. | meropenem (mepm, sm-7338), a novel parenteral carbapenem antibiotic, was examined for its effect on intestinal flora in children. seven children with infectious diseases (3 male and 4 female children of age's ranging from 4 months to 8 years and 9 months weighing from 7.3 to 23.0 kg) were treated with mepm at doses ranging 10.3 to 40.5 mg/kg 3 or 4 times a day for 6 to 12 days. before, during and after the treatment, identities and numbers of various bacteria contained in 1 g of feces were deter ... | 1992 | 1479688 |
| the effect of amino acid substitution at position 219 of citrobacter freundii cephalosporinase on extension of its substrate spectrum. | the cephalosporinase of citrobacter freundii gn346 is a class-c beta-lactamase comprising 361 amino acids. the substitution of the glutamic acid at position 219 in the enzyme by lysine was previously shown to broaden its substrate specificity to unfavorable substrates such as oxyimino cephalosporins [tsukamoto, k., ohno, r. & sawai, t. (1990) j. bacteriol. 172, 4348-4351]. to investigate the cause of this phenomenon, glu219 was changed to glutamine, cysteine or tryptophan. all the resultant enzy ... | 1992 | 1499556 |
| immunochemical studies on sialic acid-containing lipopolysaccharides from enterobacterial species. | lipopolysaccharides with sialic acid as a component were isolated from six bacterial serovars of the family enterobacteriaceae. sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting and passive haemagglutination demonstrated that epitopes are localized in the o-specific polysaccharide of lipopolysaccharides. the strains were tested for a serological relationship; the only distinct cross-reactivity recorded was between escherichia coli serovars o24 and o56. the molecular mimicry phenomenon was f ... | 1992 | 1524838 |
| in vitro activity of sparfloxacin compared with those of five other quinolones. | the in vitro activity of sparfloxacin, a new difluorinated quinolone, was evaluated against 857 gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates and compared with those of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, fleroxacin, and lomefloxacin. the mic of sparfloxacin for 90% of the members of the family enterobacteriaceae tested was 0.5 microgram/ml (range, 0.06 to 4.0 micrograms/ml); only for members of the genera serratia, citrobacter, and providencia were mics above 1 microgram/ml. some 90% of ... | 1992 | 1320362 |
| epidemiological role of arthropods detectable in health facilities. | a total of 161 arthropod specimens were collected from 55 sites in a health care facility during july and september 1990. of the 116 bacterial isolates obtained from their body surfaces 6% were from parasites (mosquitoes), 59% from eusynanthropic arthropods (tenebrionid beetles, flies, german cockroaches, wasps), 16% from hemisynanthropic arthropods (ants, spiders) and 19% from occasionally encountered insects (non-biting midges, moths, beetles). most (88%) of the isolated bacteria were gram-neg ... | 1992 | 1350604 |
| the comparative activity of fleroxacin, three other quinolones and eight unrelated antimicrobial agents. | the in vitro activity of fleroxacin, a new trifluorinated quinolone was evaluated against 432 bacterial isolates. fleroxacin was 1- to 2-fold less active than ciprofloxacin and at least as active as ofloxacin and lomefloxacin against most members of the family enterobacteriaceae. the mics of fleroxacin for 90% of strains tested (mic90) were < or = 0.25 micrograms/ml against all isolates of enterobacteriaceae except citrobacter freundii (mic90, 4 micrograms/ml) and serratia marcescens (mic90, 2 m ... | 1992 | 1337507 |
| [antimicrobial activities of major oral antibacterial agents against clinically isolated microbial strains from inpatients]. | antimicrobial activities were examined for major antibacterial agents against clinically isolated microbial strains which were isolated and identified from materials collected from inpatients with various infections in 1988, 1989 and 1990, and the following conclusions were obtained. 1. among strains isolated each year, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) were found frequently. 2. ceps-resistant escherichia coli strains were observed among strains isolated each year. 3. increasing ... | 1992 | 1433903 |
| [antibacterial activities of sisomicin against fresh clinical isolates]. | to investigate antibacterial activities of sisomicin (siso), mics of siso as well as other aminoglycosides (ags) were determined against many clinical isolates which were obtained in 1991. results are summarized below: 1. no siso-resistant strains were observed among isolates of escherichia coli, citrobacter diversus, klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, enterobacter aerogenes, proteus mirabilis and morganella morganii. 2. in comparison with the results of our previous study against isolat ... | 1992 | 1433905 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1988). i. susceptibility distribution]. | isolation frequencies and sensitivities to antibacterial and antibiotic agents were investigated on 801 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 9 hospitals during the period of june to november 1988. of the above total bacterial population, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 29.3% and a majority of them were enterococcus spp. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 70.7% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis: vancomycin was most active ... | 1992 | 1433906 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1988). iii. secular changes in susceptibility]. | sensitivities to various antibacterial and antibiotic agents of strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus spp., citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., serratia marcescens and pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (utis) in 9 hospitals during june to november 1988 were compared with those in the same period of previous year according to a classification, uncomplicated utis, complicated utis without indwelling catheter, and complicated utis with indw ... | 1992 | 1433908 |
| analysis of polar lipids from some representative enterobacteria, plesiomonas and acinetobacter by fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry. | fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry (fab-ms) was used to analyse lipid extracts of bacteria to assess its usefulness for analysing anionic phospholipids of potential chemotaxonomic value. the following micro-organisms were tested: acinetobacter calcoaceticus, acinetobacter sp., citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae (2 strains), escherichia coli (3 strains), hafnia alvei, klebsiella oxytoca, klebsiella pneumoniae, morganella morganii, plesiomonas shigelloides, proteus mirabilis (3 strain ... | 1992 | 1447059 |
| evaluation of the autoscan-w/a rapid system for identification and susceptibility testing of gram-negative fermentative bacilli. | the autoscan-walk-away (w/a) system for identification and susceptibility testing was evaluated for 400 gram-negative fermentative bacteria by using the api 20e (366 isolates) and/or tube biochemical tests as the reference identification system and a frozen microdilution mic tray system for susceptibility testing. the w/a system performed well for identification of this group of organisms representing 14 genera and 30 species, showing a sensitivity of 96% and results available in 2 h. of the 16 ... | 1992 | 1452661 |
| pilot studies on the occurrence of some infectious diseases in two different areas in south yemen (aden) (part ii. microbiology). | this paper is the second part of the article dealing with intestinal bacteria. the findings are relatively poor in comparing with the frequency of intestinal protozoa. among 83 stool specimens taken for bacteriological examination 14 isolations of different bacteria were proved. one s. muenchen was isolated from a 3 year old boy with fever, diarrhoea. five cases of alkalescens dispar 05 manit negative and 05 manit positive were identified. two of these cases were without clinical symptoms. all w ... | 1992 | 1300359 |
| antibacterial activity of the investigational oral and parenteral cephalosporin bk-218. | bk-218 is a novel cephalosporin with a dual route of administration and spectrum of activity most similar to that of second-generation cephalosporins. bk-218 was active against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis but strains resistant to penicillins had higher mics. bk-218 had greater activity (8-fold) than cefuroxime or cefaclor against oxacillin-susceptible staphylococcus spp. moderate bk-218 activity was observed against neisseria gonorrhoeae and commonl ... | 1992 | 1396735 |
| comparative in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of ru29246, the active metabolite of hr916b. | hr 916b is a new orally absorbed cephalosporin. in tests its active metabolite, ru29246, inhibited streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae and streptococcus pneumoniae at less than or equal to 0.12 micrograms/ml, which is similar to the antibacterial activity of cefuroxime, and was more active than cefaclor. it was also more active (mic 2 micrograms/ml) than cefixime, cefuroxime, cefaclor and cefotaxime against staphylococci. ru29246 inhibited escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, ci ... | 1992 | 1396779 |
| tempe fermentation: some aspects of formation of gamma-linolenic acid, proteases and vitamins. | during a tempe fermentation the concentrations of linoleic, and alpha-linolenic acids (ala) decreased while the concentration of oleic acid increased. during fatty acid synthesis rhizopus sp. produced only gamma-linolenic acid (gla) instead of ala. the amount of gla in tempe were influenced by varying external parameters. the proteolytic capacity of 36 strains of the genus rhizopus isolated from indonesian tempe or tempe inocula was examined. there was a distinct increase in the amount of free a ... | 1993 | 14545670 |
| use of 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-d-galactopyranoside for the isolation of beta-galactosidase-positive bacteria from municipal water supplies. | a new medium, mx-gal, has been developed for the membrane filter enumeration of beta-galactosidase-positive bacteria in municipal water supplies. mx-gal medium contains the chromogenic beta-galactosidase substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-d-galactopyranoside (x-gal). all aeromonas, citrobacter, and enterobacter strains isolated from raw water on mx-gal medium were beta-galactosidase positive. in contrast, only 10 to 20% of these strains produced a red colony with a metallic sheen on m-end ... | 1993 | 10755843 |
| monoclonal antibodies against vi antigen production and characterization. | as a result of fusion of in vitro immunized mouse splenocytes and myeloma sp2/0 cells, stable hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies against vi antigen were obtained. the monoclonal antibodies were of igm class. reactivity of monoclonal antibodies to vi antigen of different origin was tested. the reactivity was found to be independent of o-acetylation degree of vi antigen. | 1993 | 7580356 |
| isolation of a citrobacter freundii strain which carries the escherichia coli o157 antigen. | a biochemically typical strain of citrobacter freundii which carries the escherichia coli o157 antigen is described. the significance of differentiating such strains from typical e. coli o157 strains is stressed. | 1993 | 7681442 |
| structure and antigenic properties of citrobacter freundii lipopolysaccharides. | citrobacter freundii strain e69366 was detected in a colony immunoassay with a rabbit antiserum prepared to a strain of escherichia coli belonging to serogroup o157. lipopolysaccharide (lps) was shown to contain the epitope(s) involved in antibody binding. lps prepared from strain e69366, with hot phenol contained core-lps that migrated to the water-phase and long-chain lps that separated into the phenol-phase. a total of 36 strains of cit. freundii were analysed for their lps profiles by sds-pa ... | 1993 | 7683640 |
| assessment of macroporous polystyrene-based polymers for the immobilization of citrobacter freundii. | polyhipe polymers represent a novel immobilization support possessing many desirable characteristics. these materials have been used to immobilize citrobacter freundii in order to develop a continuous bioconversion system for the anaerobic production of trimethylene glycol from glycerol. several immobilization methods were employed, of which the most successful involved culturing the organism with polyhipe in shake-flasks, transferring the contents into a column, and growing the cells in situ wi ... | 1993 | 7763451 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolones against clinical isolates obtained in 1989 and 1990. | the in vitro activity of nine fluoroquinolones, enoxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, tosufloxacin, sparfloxacin, fleroxacin and levofloxacin, and two earlier quinolones, nalidixic acid and pipemidic acid, against 1,346 bacterial strains isolated clinically between 1989 and 1990, was evaluated by agar dilution method. the bacteria studied were staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-susceptible and -resistant strains), staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococcus specie ... | 1993 | 7911351 |
| interactions of wild-type and mutant ampr of citrobacter freundii with target dna. | the ampr transcriptional activator for the chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase gene of citrobacter freundii was found to interact with an operator sequence located in the 5' half of the 38 bp region protected by ampr in dnase i footprinting experiments. ampr binding was associated with significant dna bending of target dna. a glycine to glutamic acid alteration at position 102 in ampr converts ampr into a transcriptional activator even in the absence of beta-lactam inducer. amprg102e interacted with ... | 1993 | 7968533 |
| phylogenetic tree and sequence similarity of beta-lactamases. | beta-lactamases are the main cause of beta-lactam resistance in many pathogenic bacteria. these enzymes can be detected in a variety of pathogenic as well as non-pathogenic bacteria. the cyanobacteria are also known to produce a beta-lactamase. recently, the amino acid sequences and the three-dimensional structures of some of these beta-lactamases have been clarified. on the basis of the amino acid sequences of 47 beta-lactamases and the computer-aided analysis, a phylogenetic tree is proposed i ... | 1993 | 8025724 |
| erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin: use of frequency distribution curves, scattergrams, and regression analyses to compare in vitro activities and describe cross-resistance. | mics of erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin for 852 recent clinical isolates were determined by broth microdilution methods. frequency distribution curves, scattergrams, and regression analyses were used to compare in vitro activities and describe cross-resistance. clarithromycin was the most active drug against bacteroides spp. but the least active against haemophilus influenzae. azithromycin was most active against h. influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, pasteurella multocida, and fus ... | 1993 | 8257127 |
| [the antimicrobial activity of cefteram against recently clinically detected and isolated strains]. | in order to examine antibiotic activities of cefteram (cftm), its minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic's) and those of other cephem drugs were determined against clinically isolated strains received from july 1990 to june 1991 and from july 1992 to february 1993 from medical facilities throughout the country and against clinically isolated strains detected in our laboratory in samples from patients with various infectious diseases. the obtained results are summarized below. 1. no cftm-resistan ... | 1993 | 8254900 |
| beta-lactamase of lysobacter enzymogenes: cloning, characterization and expression of the gene and comparison of the enzyme to other lactamases. | the gene for the periplasmic beta-lactamase of lysobacter enzymogenes was isolated as part of a 1017 bp ecori fragment and the nucleotide sequence of the gene was determined. it has a g+c content of 71.5% and encodes a 27 amino acid signal sequence and the mature beta-lactamase of 276 amino acids which has a mass of 29,146 da. the enzyme appears to be unique to l. enzymogenes but its amino acid sequence shows a high degree of homology with the amino acid sequences of the lactamase from citrobact ... | 1993 | 8360618 |
| a broadly cross-protective monoclonal antibody binding to escherichia coli and salmonella lipopolysaccharides. | during the last decade, episodes of sepsis have increased and escherichia coli has remained the most frequent clinical isolate. lipopolysaccharides (lps; endotoxin) are the major toxic and antigenic components of gram-negative bacteria and qualify as targets for therapeutic interventions. molecules that neutralize the toxic effects of lps are actively investigated. in this paper, we describe a murine monoclonal antibody (mab; wn1 222-5), broadly cross-reactive and cross-protective for smooth (s) ... | 1993 | 8359907 |
| comparative in vitro activity of biapenem, a new carbapenem antibiotic. | biapenem is a new carbapenem antibiotic with high stability to human renal dehydropeptidase i. its in vitro activity was compared with that of imipenem, meropenem, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, piperacillin and gentamicin against a total of 650 recent clinical isolates. mics were determined by a standard agar dilution procedure and all isolates were tested at two inocula (10(4) and 10(6) cfu). biapenem inhibited 90% of isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgari ... | 1993 | 8354306 |
| cloning and sequences of the genes encoding the cfrbi restriction-modification system from citrobacter freundii. | the genes encoding the cfrbi restriction and modification (r-m) systems from citrobacter freundii and recognizing the sequence 5'-ccwwgg-3' (w = a or t) were cloned in escherichia coli mcrbc- cells. the nucleotide (nt) sequences of the genes were determined. two large open reading frames were found. deletion analysis showed that one of them [1128 nt coding for 376 amino acids (aa)] corresponds to a methyltransferase (mtase)-encoding gene and the other (1065 nt coding for 355 aa) to a restriction ... | 1993 | 8335262 |
| the antimicrobial activity and beta-lactamase stability of cefpirome, a new fourth-generation cephalosporin in comparison with other agents. | the antimicrobial activity of cefpirome was compared with amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefuroxime, ceftazidime, gentamicin and amikacin against 743 non-duplicate clinical isolates. mic50 and mic90 showed that the antibiotic was active against both gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. cefpirome was highly active against most of the enterobacteriaceae, including indole-positive proteus spp., aeromonas spp. (mic < or = 1 mg/l) and salmonella spp. (mic < or = 0.5 mg/l). n ... | 1993 | 8335498 |
| a multidrug resistance regulatory chromosomal locus is widespread among enteric bacteria. | constitutive expression of the mar operon (marrab) in escherichia coli produces a multiple antibiotic resistance phenotype mediated by the expression of multiple genetic loci in response to regulatory proteins in the operon. a mar-specific dna probe was used to search for the operon in bacterial strains representing 53 species and 27 genera. among these, 6 other enterobacteriaceae, salmonella, shigella, klebsiella, citrobacter, hafnia, and enterobacter species, contained dna sequences that hybri ... | 1993 | 8335992 |
| classification of citrobacteria by dna hybridization: designation of citrobacter farmeri sp. nov., citrobacter youngae sp. nov., citrobacter braakii sp. nov., citrobacter werkmanii sp. nov., citrobacter sedlakii sp. nov., and three unnamed citrobacter genomospecies. | dna relatedness studies (hydroxyapatite method) were done on 112 strains of citrobacteria. by using the recommended definition of a genomospecies 11 genomospecies were identified in the genus citrobacter. these genomospecies were separable by their biochemical profiles. citrobacter koseri (citrobacter diversus) and citrobacter amalonaticus proved to be homogeneous species, as previously described. c. amalonaticus biogroup 1, as described by farmer et al. (j. clin. microbiol. 21:46-76, 1985), was ... | 1993 | 8240948 |
| the use of imipenem-cilastatin in neonatal meningitis caused by citrobacter diversus. | citrobacter diversus is a cause of severe meningitis in neonates and infants. it is unique in its propensity to produce brain abscesses that play an important role in the poor prognosis associated with this condition. the recommended therapeutic regimen of third-generation cephalosporines, aminoglycosides and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is usually disappointing. we describe the use of imipenemcilastatin in successfully treating citrobacter diversus meningitis complicated by brain abscesses. | 1993 | 8338984 |
| unusual microtubule-dependent endocytosis mechanisms triggered by campylobacter jejuni and citrobacter freundii. | bacterial invasion of six different human epithelial cell lines showed that some strains of the intestinal pathogen campylobacter jejuni invaded intestinal cell lines at a level 10(2)-10(4) times higher than reported previously for other campylobacter strains. separately, urinary tract isolates of citrobacter freundii triggered a high-efficiency invasion of bladder cells. use of multiple inhibitors with known effects on eukaryotic cell structures/processes allowed us to define in these genetical ... | 1993 | 8341714 |
| dependence of induction of enterobacterial ampc beta-lactamase on cell-wall peptidoglycan, as demonstrated in proteus mirabilis and its wall-less protoplast l-form. | the mobilizable plasmid pmd101 (ampr, ampc) was constructed by inserting cloned ampc, the structural gene for the chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase of citrobacter freundii, and the closely linked ampr encoding the transcriptional regulator essential for enzyme induction, into the broad host-range plasmid pkt231. plasmid pmd101 was transconjugated into proteus mirabilis vi and its isogenic, cell-wall-less protoplast l-form lvi. ampc beta-lactamase was expressed constitutively from cloned ampr and a ... | 1993 | 8277255 |
| infection and antibiotic therapy in 4000 burned patients treated in milan, italy, between 1976 and 1988. | the pathogenic flora, isolated from burn wounds of patients admitted to a burn care unit during the years between 1976 and 1988 were typed and the in vitro susceptibility to antibacterial agents was recorded. between 1976 and 1988 the general therapeutic approach was changed three times, in congruence with the prevalent nosocomial bacterial resistance. the most frequent isolates were: pseud. aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus spp., proteus mirabilis, escherichia coli, enterobacter c ... | 1993 | 8357483 |
| plasmid encoded beta-lactamases resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid produced by calf faecal coliforms. | two new plasmid encoded beta-lactamase enzymes produced by a strain of escherichia coli and a strain of citrobacter freundii isolated from calf faeces have been characterised. both enzymes were similar to tem-1 in terms of substrate and inhibition profiles and physical properties but differed from tem-1 in being far less susceptible to the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid or tazobactam. in each case transfer of the plasmid e coli k12 rendered it clinically resistant to the combination o ... | 1993 | 8284502 |
| [a xanthogranulomatous psoas abscess 4 years after nephrectomy for xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis]. | we report a case of xanthogranulomatous abscess of the left psoas muscle in a patient who underwent nephrectomy for xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis four years earlier. pathogens unlike those usually found in this type of inflammatory reaction were grown on culture. the possible relationship between the two infectious disease processes is analyzed. | 1993 | 8342983 |
| the eae gene of citrobacter freundii biotype 4280 is necessary for colonization in transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. | transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia is characterized by proliferation of anchored stem cells in the mucosa of the descending colon of laboratory mice and is caused by citrobacter freundii biotype 4280. this bacterium produces attaching and effacing lesions in the descending colon prior to the onset of gross hyperplasia. by mutational analysis, the chromosomal eae gene of c. freundii biotype 4280 was shown to be necessary for colonic colonization. conversely, bacteria cured of a 65-kb plasmi ... | 1993 | 8406863 |
| emergence of antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative bacilli causing bacteremia during therapy. | treatment of serious infections caused by gram-negative bacilli with beta-lactam antimicrobial agents can induce class i beta-lactamase production. this phenomenon can result in resistant microorganisms, and has been postulated to be a cause of therapeutic failure. the charts of patients bacteremic with pseudomonas aeruginosa, serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, proteus vulgaris, and providencia species (n = 120) during a 3-year period were reviewed to determine how ... | 1993 | 8346736 |
| citrobacter septicemia in neonates. | 1993 | 8288337 | |
| characterization of ceftriaxone-resistant enterobacteriaceae: a multicentre study in 26 french hospitals. vigil'roc study group. | during a multicentre study performed in 26 french hospitals, 287 (3.2%) of 9038 enterobacteriaceae isolated, mainly enterobacter spp., serratia spp., citrobacter spp. and klebsiella spp. were classified as ceftriaxone resistant on the basis of an mic > 4 mg/l or the presence of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. extended-spectrum beta-lactamase was present mainly in klebsiella pneumoniae (65 strains, 10.2%) and very rarely in escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, klebsiella oxytoca, citrobacter ... | 1993 | 8288501 |
| cross-susceptibility of cefpirome and four other beta-lactams against isolates from haematology/oncology and intensive care units. international study group. | a multi-centre in-vitro study (8625 isolates) was conducted in 13 countries between may and november, 1992 to determine both the current bacterial epidemiology in intensive care and haematology/oncology units and the cross-susceptibility of the organisms to cefpirome, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem and piperacillin. bacterial species with 20 or more isolates resistant to one of the six antibiotics were examined for their susceptibility to the beta-lactams. cefpirome and imipenem had the smal ... | 1993 | 8290900 |
| whole-cell repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction allows rapid assessment of clonal relationships of bacterial isolates. | repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-pcr) enables the generation of dna fingerprints which discriminate bacterial species and strains. we describe the application of whole-cell methods which allow specimens from broth cultures or colonies from agar plates to be utilized directly in the pcr mixture. the rep-pcr-generated dna fingerprints obtained with whole-cell samples match results obtained with genomic dna templates. examples with different gram-negative bacteria (e ... | 1993 | 8349778 |
| evaluation of the l-pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide hydrolysis test for the differentiation of members of the families enterobacteriaceae and vibrionaceae. | a simple, rapid, and inexpensive spot test incorporating the substrate pyrrolidonyl naphthylamide was used to examine pyrrolidonyl peptidase activity among 800 bacterial strains belonging to the families enterobacteriaceae and vibrionaceae. the pyrrolidonyl naphthylamide test was found to be particularly useful in separating citrobacter spp. (100% positive) from salmonella spp. (0.4% positive) and escherichia coli (0% positive). furthermore, it would appear to offer a safer alternative to the tr ... | 1993 | 8349781 |
| peritonsillar abscess, retropharyngeal abscess, mediastinitis, and nonclostridial anaerobic myonecrosis: a case report. | peritonsillar abscess is a potentially life-threatening complication of acute tonsillitis. on occasion, peritonsillar abscess can extend to neck spaces and/or to the mediastinum. we describe a case of a patient with a peritonsillar abscess that extended to the neck, producing bilateral retropharyngeal abscesses and myonecrosis of the strap muscles. culture of a specimen of the necrotic muscle yielded prevotella intermedia, prevotella buccae, lactobacillus catenaforme, another lactobacillus speci ... | 1993 | 8324135 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of cp-70,429 a new penem antibiotic. | in in vitro susceptibility tests, the new penem cp-70,429 showed potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria except pseudomonas aeruginosa and xanthomonas maltophilia. cp-70,429 was stable to various types of beta-lactamases except for the enzyme from x. maltophilia and was 16- to 128-fold more active than the other compounds against beta-lactamase-producing strains of enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii. | 1993 | 8363389 |
| [clonal spreading of a multidrug resistance citrobacter freundii strain at a neonatal intensive care unit]. | this paper reports on the epidemic spreading of a multiresistant citrobacter (c.) freundii strain at a neonatal intensive care unit. a premature baby of the 27th week of pregnancy died from septic shock caused by this strain. according to the result of a statistical analysis of risk factors a connection between the colonization of neonates and the feeding with an enteral feeding tube was probably. this suspicion could be confirmed by the detection of the multiresistant strain in the infant formu ... | 1993 | 8267838 |
| structure of the membrane-bound form of the pore-forming domain of colicin a: a partial proteolysis and mass spectrometry study. | the ion-channel-forming thermolytic fragment (tha) of colicin a binds to negatively charged vesicles and provides an example of the insertion of a soluble protein into a lipid bilayer. the soluble structure is known and consists of a 10-helix bundle containing a hydrophobic helical hairpin. in this study, partial proteolysis and mass spectrometry were used to determine the accessible sites to proteolytic attack by trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin in the tha fragment in its membrane-bound state. el ... | 1993 | 8268153 |
| colicin a lysis protein promotes extracellular release of active human growth hormone accumulated in escherichia coli cytoplasm. | the colicin a lysis protein (cal) was used to direct the extracellular release of recombinant proteins produced in escherichia coli. the cal gene, under the control of its inducible promoter, was introduced into an expression vector encoding the human growth hormone devoid of its signal sequence (met-hgh). cal and met-hgh were simultaneously expressed at two different levels of met-hgh induction. the results indicate that cal causes the excretion of non-aggregated met-hgh from the cytoplasm to t ... | 1993 | 8364095 |
| detection of salmonella in animal protein by rappaport-vassiliadis broth using indirect impediometry. | indirect impedance methodology for the detection of salmonella was investigated using a rapid automated bacterial impedance technique (rabit) system. four commercially available rappaport-vassiliadis (rv) enrichment broths were evaluated for their sensitivity and selectivity in detecting salmonella using this technique. the rv from lab m and oxoid (new) gave the shortest detection times and showed good correlation between salmonella numbers and detection times. using lab m medium, the indirect i ... | 1993 | 8466801 |
| formation of vitamins by pure cultures of tempe moulds and bacteria during the tempe solid substrate fermentation. | the formation of water soluble vitamins (vitamin b12, vitamin b6, riboflavin, thiamine, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) during the tempe solid substrate fermentation was investigated. the role of several strains of rhizopus oligosporus, r. arrhizus, and r. stolonifer and the role of several bacteria in the vitamin formation process were checked. all fungal and bacterial strains were isolated from indonesian tempe and soaking water samples. the rhizopus strains formed riboflavin, nicotinic acid, ... | 1993 | 8300444 |
| [ciprofloxacin resistance in gram negative bacilli. epidemiologic aspects]. | the aim of the present was to study the resistance to ciprofloxacin (cip) in gram negative bacilli (april 1990-march 1992) and to determine the temporary distribution of the resistant strains by species, samples and departments. | 1993 | 8305553 |
| purification and characterization of three carboxylesterases from enterobacteriaceae. | the carboxylesterases from proteus vulgaris, salmonella enterica and citrobacter amalonaticus were purified 104-, 95- and 120-fold, respectively by chromatography. the enzymes had similar catalytic activities but differed considerably in their inactivation by heat, di-isopropyl fluorophosphate and cd2+, zn2+, hg2+ and cu2+. quantitative neutralization of hydrolytic activity with specific immunoglobulins indicated that the three enzymes were antigenically distinct. | 1993 | 8472928 |
| resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in barbados. | resistance to third-generation, or extended-spectrum, cephalosporins caused by induction of class i beta-lactamases has been reported rarely from developing countries. seven isolates of cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative rods were recovered recently from urine, burns and ulcers in the queen elizabeth hospital, barbados. the isolates were identified as acinetobacter calcoaceticus (2), citrobacter freundii (1), enterobacter cloacae (1), morganella morganii (1), providencia stuartii (1) and prot ... | 1993 | 8367967 |
| intravenous streptomycin use in a patient infected with high-level, gentamicin-resistant streptococcus faecalis. | to report a case of intravenous streptomycin sulfate use in a patient infected with high-level, gentamicin-resistant streptococcus faecalis. | 1993 | 8329788 |
| copper-resistant enteric bacteria from united kingdom and australian piggeries. | thirty-three enteric isolates from australian (escherichia coli only) and united kingdom (u.k.) (salmonella sp., citrobacter spp., and e. coli) piggeries were characterized with respect to their copper resistance. the copper resistance phenotypes of four new australian e. coli isolates were comparable with that of the previously studied e. coli k-12 strain ed8739(prj1004), in that the resistance level in rich media was high (up to 18 mm cuso4) and resistance was inducible. copper resistance was ... | 1993 | 8368840 |
| lysine-mannitol-glycerol agar, a medium for the isolation of salmonella spp., including s. typhi and atypical strains. | an agar medium for the isolation of salmonella spp. is described. the medium, lysine-mannitol-glycerol agar, has features of both xylose-lysine-deoxycholate agar and mannitol-lysine-crystal violet-brilliant green agar, but glycerol is added for the differentiation of salmonella and citrobacter spp. the medium facilitates the detection of strains having atypical fermentation patterns, such as the lactose- or sucrose-positive salmonellae. the medium also detects salmonella typhi after enrichment. | 1993 | 8368847 |
| characterization of the replicon from plasmid pac1 from acetobacter pasteurianus. | a panel of recombinant plasmids pack5 and pact7 was prepared by introducing kanamycin and tetracycline resistance into the partially split plasmid pac1 which contained replicon isolated from acetobacter pasteurianus. the replicon in plasmid pac1 is compatible with the cole1 replicon. compared to pbr322, the plasmid had more than 30 copies per chromosome in escherichia coli cells. plasmids were transformed into e. coli dh1, acetobacter pasteurianus 3614, acetobacter aceti 3620, shigella, citrobac ... | 1993 | 8447828 |
| monoclonal antibodies that react with live listeria spp. | seven monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against listeria spp. that were reactive with live listeria spp. were developed. two of these mabs (55-8 and 55-37) were members of the immunoglobulin m class, and all other mabs were members of the immunoglobulin g class. mab 55-23 reacted with 148 of 157 strains tested. mab 34-51 reacted with serotype 1/2a, 1/2b, and 1/2c strains and exhibited a scattered reaction pattern with strains belonging to other serotypes. mab 55-44 reacted with all of the strains bel ... | 1993 | 8368856 |
| the bacteriophage mu middle operon: essential and nonessential functions. | transcription during the bacteriophage mu lytic cycle occurs in three phases: early, middle, and late. previous dna sequence analysis of the middle operon revealed five potential open reading frames (orfs) with lengths of 39, 42, 72, 120, and 140 amino acids. the distal 140-amino-acid orf encodes c, the activator of late transcription. expression of the middle operon under the control of a t7 promoter and t7 rna polymerase resulted in production of two polypeptides of 15 (orf 120) and 16.5 kda ( ... | 1993 | 8372443 |
| antimicrobial activity of essential oil from schinus molle linn. | the essential oil from the fresh leaves of schinus molle isolated by hydrodistillation was tested for antibacterial activity using the hole plate diffusion method and for antifungal activity using the mycelium or single cell growth inhibition method. results obtained showed that the volatile oil exhibited significant activity against the following bacterial species: klebsiella pneumoniae, alcaligenes faecalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, leuconostoc cremoris, enterobacter aerogenes, proteus vulgaris ... | 1993 | 8055554 |