Publications

actinide and lanthanum toxicity towards a citrobacter sp.: uptake of lanthanum and a strategy for the biological treatment of liquid wastes containing plutonium.		1990	2157506
interactions of tazobactam and clavulanate with inducibly- and constitutively-expressed class i beta-lactamases.	clavulanate and tazobactam (ytr 830) were tested as inhibitors and inducers of the ampc-type class i beta-lactamases of pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii and the ic beta-lactamase of proteus vulgaris. both clavulanate and tazobactam inhibited the pr. vulgaris class ic beta-lactamase and potentiated ticarcillin and piperacillin against beta-lactamase derepressed variants of this species. tazobactam, but not clavulanate, al ...	1990	2158496
in vitro effect of ytr (tazobactam) on plasmid and chromosomally mediated beta-lactamases.	the effect of tazobactam on the piperacillin susceptibility and on the beta-lactamase activity of different strains and species was evaluated. a synergistic effect was observed on the piperacillin susceptibility for all microorganisms tested, irrespective of the type and/or amount of beta-lactamase produced. addition of gentamicin resulted in a further reduction of the piperacillin mic. the enzyme activity after induction with piperacillin alone or in combination with tazobactam (4 mg/l) was qui ...	1990	2159864
[transpon tn5 mutagenesis in citrobacter].	when e. coli 1830/pjb4ji mating with four citrobacter strains all were kanamycin resistant, but a majority of kanrgens transconjugants were obtained from c-3-1. among 3000 kanrgens 21 were auxotrophs, these are lys-(1), ura-(1), arg-(2), iso-(2), his-(2), met-(1), phe-(1), tyr-(1), ser-(1), thr-(1), leu-(3), pro-(1), ade-(3), lac-(1), pjb4ji plasmid dna were detected in parent strain e. coli 1830, but not in auxotrophs strains which carrying tn5 induced mutations. twenty auxotrophs chromosome dn ...	1990	2163139
in vitro activity of cefonicid compared to other antibiotics against clinical bacterial isolates.	the in vitro activity of cefonicid compared to that of other antibiotics has been evaluated against 401 enterobacteriaceae, 20 h. influenzae, 17 branhamella catarrhalis and 71 staphylococci. cefonicid was always more active than cefazolin, and usually more active than cefamandole and cefuroxime against susceptible gram-negative organisms (e. coli, p. mirabilis, klebsiella, shigella, salmonella, h. influenzae). cefonicid was ineffective against most strains of enterobacter, citrobacter, s. marces ...	1990	2164309
the in-vitro activity of piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime and imipenem against multiple resistant gram-negative bacteria.	one hundred and fifty gram-negative bacterial strains including respiratory pathogens, such as haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis, and enterobacteriaceae with known resistance to beta-lactam and other antibiotics were tested in vitro for sensitivity to piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam (ratio 8:1), ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and imipenem. a 16-fold or greater reduction in the mic90 of piperacillin was achieved by the addition of tazobactam, in the respiratory pathogens, thus ...	1990	2164513
antibacterial activity of piperacillin and tazobactam against beta-lactamase-producing clinical isolates.	the effectiveness of a combination of the recently developed penam sulphone tazobactam with piperacillin was studied in clinical isolates with defined beta-lactamase production. the combination was highly effective against piperacillin-resistant beta-lactamase-producing staphylococcus aureus, tem-1-producing escherichia coli and proteus vulgaris isolates. it was less effective against e. coli isolates producing the oxa-1 enzyme and marginally active against tem-1-producing klebsiella spp. isolat ...	1990	2170081
genetic analysis of escherichia coli urease genes: evidence for two distinct loci.	studies with two uropathogenic urease-producing escherichia coli strains, 1021 and 1440, indicated that the urease genes of each are distinct. recombinant plasmids encoding urease activity from e. coli 1021 and 1440 differed in their restriction endonuclease cleavage sites and showed minimal dna hybridization under stringent conditions. the polypeptides encoded by the dna fragments containing the 1021 and 1440 urease loci differed in electrophoretic mobility under reducing conditions. regulation ...	1990	2174868
aztreonam susceptibility testing. a retrospective analysis.	aztreonam is a structurally and immunologically unique beta-lactam antibiotic with activity exclusively against aerobic gram-negative micro-organisms. between 1983 and 1988, its antimicrobial spectrum was evaluated against more than 5,800 fresh clinical isolates at a 300-bed community teaching hospital. only 1.1 percent of enterobacteriaceae isolates were resistant to aztreonam over the five-year study period, an incidence similar to that observed with aminoglycoside antibiotics. aztreonam was f ...	1990	2180295
serious pediatric infections.	third-generation cephalosporins are important additions to the range of antibiotics available for treating children with serious bacterial infections. they are highly active against the common pathogens, which cause bacterial meningitis in children. strains of haemophilus influenzae type b resistant to both ampicillin and chloramphenicol, and streptococcus pneumoniae relatively resistant to penicillin remain susceptible to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone. escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, citr ...	1990	2183605
double-blind study of endotracheal tobramycin in the treatment of gram-negative bacterial pneumonia. the endotracheal tobramycin study group.	a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to determine the safety and efficacy of endotracheal tobramycin (ett) for treatment of gram-negative bacterial pneumonia. patients were randomized to either 40 mg of tobramycin or a placebo instilled endotracheally every 8 h. patients also received intravenous tobramycin plus either cefazolin or piperacillin. of 85 patients enrolled, 41 were assessable. most microbiologic diagnoses were made by endotracheal aspiration with stric ...	1990	2183716
conjugational cotransfer of incfi and inci conjugative plasmids forming aggregate in a pathogenic citrobacter freundii strain.	two plasmids, pem4 (incfi) determining virulence and pem6 (inci) determining colicine i production and resistance to tetracycline, have been found in a pathogenic strain of citrobacter freundii. even though pem4 and pem6 plasmids are conjugative and transfer themselves very efficiently during conjugation, a high cotransfer of both plasmids is observed--an unusually high fraction of transconjugants acquiring pem6 acquires pem4 and vice versa. the observed cotransfer of these plasmids is connected ...	1990	2185130
production of escherichia coli-specific hybridomas by using gnotobiotic mice.	monoclonal antibodies provide a rapid and specific means of direct detection of microorganisms in water and food samples. however, monoclonal antibodies specific for some bacteria are difficult to obtain; a good example of such a bacterium is escherichia coli. gnotobiotic balb/c mice immunized with whole-cell preparations of heat-treated strains of e. coli and subjected to high-frequency antigen injection showed a significant increase in the number of specific hybridomas produced. fusions obtain ...	1990	2187413
[transfer of resistance to the newer beta-lactam antibiotics in czechoslovakia].	transmitted resistance to recent cephalosporin antibiotics of the third generation was first proved in 1983 by the authors. approximately five years later the authors revealed during systematic monitoring of bacterial strains resistant to cephtazidime, cephtriaxone and cephotaxim also transmitted resistance to these and other more recent beta-lactam antibiotics in czechoslovakia. the authors advocate rational use of new cephalosporins and other beta-lactams (e. g. aztreonam) as reserve antibioti ...	1990	2187617
[the problems of microbial indication of water quality].	in three experimental series the reliability of contemporary microbial indicators has been verified. it was shown that about 30% colonies growing on the endomedium belongs not to family enterobacteriaceae. the share of the so-called faecal coliforms growing at 44 degrees c is 54.6%. in comparison with the initial cultivations at the second passage this part increasing at about 126%. in waters of various quality is the viability of e. coli the smallest. also on the mc conkey medium at 44 degrees ...	1990	2190569
the isolation of salmonellae from poultry environmental samples by several enrichment procedures using plating media with and without novobiocin.	a two-part study was conducted to examine the efficacy of several enrichment-broth techniques and of plating media for detecting salmonellae from poultry environmental samples. the data are reported on pooled samples collected from five poultry houses. the samples were cultured for salmonellae, using up to four different enrichment procedures and employing plating media with and without novobiocin. the primary enrichment-broth procedures were: 1) buffered peptone water preenrichment to hajna's t ...	1990	2195483
production of shiga-like toxin among escherichia coli strains and other bacteria isolated from diarrhea in são paulo, brazil.	an elevated level of shiga-like toxin i (slt-i) production was found in 1 of 466 escherichia coli strains studied. among the 34 sonic lysates obtained from classical enteropathogenic e. coli, 5 produced slt-i. the aeromonas, citrobacter, edwardsiella, enterobacter, klebsiella, proteus, providencia, pseudomonas, salmonella, serratia, shigella, yersinia, and vibrio strains also studied were not slt producers, except for a shigella dysenteriae type 1 strain. although slt-i-producing e. coli strains ...	1990	2199511
characterization of enterobacteria by esterase specific-activity profiles.	the spectrum of specific activities and the electrophoretic mobilities of esterases produced by 550 strains of enterobacteriaceae belonging to 36 species and subclassified into six groups (group 1, escherichia coli, shigella and escherichia hermanii; group 2, genus salmonella and genus citrobacter; group 3, genus klebsiella and genus enterobacter; group 4, genus serratia and serratia fonticola; group 5, genus proteus, genus providencia and genus morganella; and group 6, genus yersinia) were anal ...	1990	2202780
in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of the new carbapenem ljc10,627.	in in vitro susceptibility tests the new carbapenem ljc10,627 showed potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, except that most methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus strains tested were found to be resistant to ljc10,627. ljc10,627 showed high activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa and was active against enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii strains which were resistant to ceftazidime and cefpirome. the ki values of ljc10,627 for penicillinase ...	1990	2209630
infection with bacterial enteropathogens in swedish travellers to south-east asia--a prospective study.	infection with potential bacterial enteropathogens was studied prospectively in 94 swedish travellers. three faecal samples were collected, regardless of diarrhoeal symptoms, after each of three 1-week stays in singapore, hong kong and japan. the specimens were analyzed for salmonella, shigella, yersinia, campylobacter and different enterotoxin-producing bacteria. a potential enteropathogen was identified in 30% (28/94) of the participants, i.e. in 26% of the healthy and in 39% of the travellers ...	1990	2209737
hemolysin as a marker for serratia.	all serratia marcescens strains (total of 33) of different sources were hemolytic including clinical strains previously classified as being nonhemolytic. dna fragments of the two hemolysin genes hybridized with the chromosomal dna of s. marcescens, s. liquefaciens, s. kiliensis, s. grimesii, s. proteamaculans, s. plymutica, s. rubridaea which were also hemolytic. the restriction pattern of the hemolysin locus differed in each strain. s. ficaria and s. marinorubra expressed a different hemolysin ...	1990	2222120
in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522.	the activity of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522 was compared to that of six other beta-lactam agents. bay v 3522 inhibited methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, compared to mics of greater than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml for the other cephalosporins tested. it was more active against streptococcus pyogenes (mic less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml) than cefuroxime, cefixime, cephalexin and cefaclor. groups ...	1990	2226499
function of the conserved triad residues in the class c beta-lactamase from citrobacter freundii gn346.	the conserved ktg triad in the class c beta-lactamase from citrobacter freundii gn346 was examined as to its function by means of site-directed mutagenesis. the following conversions were performed; lys-315 to arginine, alanine or glutamic acid, thr-316 to valine, and gly-317 to alanine, proline or isoleucine. the resultant mutant enzymes revealed that a basic amino acid at position 315 and a small uncharged residue at position 317 are essential for the enzyme activity, but a hydroxyl group at r ...	1990	2226810
nucleotide sequence of the serratia marcescens sr50 chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase gene.	the serratia marcescens sr50 chromosomal beta-lactamase gene (ampc) was cloned and sequenced. it contains 1128 nucleotides encoding a protein of 355 amino acids preceded by 21 amino acids which probably constitutes the signal peptide. the mature protein has a predicted molecular mass of 38,901 da. about 40% of the amino acid sequence was identical among ampc beta-lactamases resided in s. marcescens, citrobacter freundii os60, escherichia coli k12 and enterobacter cloacae p99. all of these enzyme ...	1990	2227364
in-vitro antibacterial activity of dq-2556 and its stability to various beta-lactamases.	dq-2556, a new cephalosporin, showed a broad antibacterial spectrum over gram-positive and -negative organisms. the activity of dq-2556 against recent clinical isolates of gram-positive cocci and enterobacteriaceae was comparable with that of cefpirome, and superior to that of ceftazidime. dq-2556 was almost as active as cefpirome against pseudomonas aeruginosa, but was less active than ceftazidime. with the exception of ps. aeruginosa, dq-2556 was bactericidal against various organisms at eithe ...	1990	2228824
aerobic bacteria cultured from the mouth of the american opossum (didelphis virginiana) with reference to bacteria associated with bite infections.	the american opossum inflicts bite injuries both when hunted for food and when accidentally provoked when handled in captivity. this study involved aerobically culturing organisms from the mouths of seven wild opossums (didelphis virginiana). isolates included streptococci, coagulase-positive and -negative staphylococci, aeromonas spp., citrobacter freundii, eikenella corrodens, and escherichia coli.	1990	2229365
homology among bacterial catalase genes.	catalase activities in crude extracts of exponential and stationary phase cultures of various bacteria were visualized following gel electrophoresis for comparison with the enzymes from escherichia coli. citrobacter freundii, edwardsiella tarda, enterobacter aerogenes, klebsiella pneumoniae, and salmonella typhimurium exhibited patterns of catalase activity similar to e. coli, including bifunctional hpi-like bands and a monofunctional hpii-like band. proteus mirabilis, erwinia carotovora, and se ...	1990	2253114
circulation in italy of beta-lactamase-producing strains within the major groups of bacterial pathogens.	a multicenter study was undertaken in italy to assess the circulation of beta-lactamase-producing organisms and their current incidence within the major groups of bacterial pathogens. almost four thousand strains, all freshly isolated from clinical material, were examined at four centers serving different areas of italy. despite some significant center-to-center differences, this survey documented the occurrence of a large overall circulation of beta-lactamase-producing organisms among clinical ...	1990	2253734
pefloxacin efficacy in gram-negative bacillary meningitis.	sixteen patients with acute meningitis caused by gram-negative bacteria were treated with pefloxacin intravenously. the age range of the patient group was six months to 85 years with a mean age of 40 years; three patients were children. in all but two patients meningitis was a complication of neurosurgical operations and fourteen of the sixteen had received prior therapy which was not successful. the causative organisms were: pseudomonas aeruginosa (5), acinetobacter calcoaceticus (4), klebsiell ...	1990	2258348
antibody coated bacteria in urine of patients with recent spinal injury.	twenty patients with an acute spinal injury were prospectively studied to assess the clinical importance of antibody coated bacteria (acb) in the urine and the association among the different bacterial species with a positive antibody coated bacteria test. clinical urinary tract infection was associated with a positive acb test on 45% of occasions. three hundred and ninety nine urine samples containing 541 bacterial isolates were assessed for the presence of acb; 13% were found to be positive an ...	1990	2262569
[clinical laboratory approach to estimate effective administrative dose of minocyclin. reevaluation of in vitro mic break points in disc susceptibility test].	antimicrobial activities of minocycline (mino) against various clinical isolates, 270 strains obtained in 1988, were determined and the reliability of the mino disc susceptibility test in estimating approximate values of mics was studied. clinical significance of a 4 category system for the interpretation of the disc tests, which is widely used in japan, and that of a 3 category system used in the usa and europe, were also evaluated to determine which system would be more suitable for the evalua ...	1990	2262962
cefotaxime and aminoglycoside treatment of meningitis caused by gram-negative enteric organisms.	we reviewed cases of gram-negative enteric bacillary meningitis in infants and children treated with cefotaxime at texas children's hospital from january, 1984, through june, 1989. seventeen of 20 children had an underlying condition predisposing to the development of meningitis. the etiologic organisms in these 20 children (2 days to 12 years old; median, 12 days old) were klebsiella sp, 9; escherichia coli, 4; enterobacter cloacae, 3; citrobacter diversus, 2; other, 2. with the exception of on ...	1990	2263430
in vitro activity of hre 664, a penem antibiotic.	hre 664, a new penem antibiotic, inhibited 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella, citrobacter diversus, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, salmonella, shigella, providencia, aeromonas, and morganella at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml but was considerably less active than cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and imipenem. it did not inhibit pseudomonas aeruginosa (mic greater than 128 micrograms/ml). hre 664 inhibited enterobacter spp., citrobacter freundii, and serratia marcescens at 1-8 micrograms/m ...	1990	2279381
antibiotic resistance among coliform bacteria isolated from carcasses of commercially slaughtered chickens.	a total of 322 coliform bacteria escherichia coli, enterobacter spp., citrobacter spp., klebsiella spp. and serratia spp., were isolated from 50 carcasses of commercially slaughtered chickens. their resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, cephalotine, cotrimoxazole, nalidixic acid and nitrofurantoin, were determined. the most commonly found resistance was to tetracycline followed by cephalotine, cotrimoxazole and nalidixic acid. a large percentage of e. coli (41%) an ...	1990	2282290
the role of microorganisms in psoriasis.	the microflora of 297 psoriasis patients was extensively examined. throat, urine, and skin surfaces from scalp, ears, chest, face, axillary, submammary, umbilical, upper back, inguinal crease, gluteal-fold, perirectal, vaginal, pubis, penis, scrotal, leg, hands, feet, finger, and toenail areas were cultured for aerobic bacteria, yeast, and dermatophytes. antibody levels to streptococcal enzymes were performed (streptolysin-o, dnase-b, hyaluronidase, streptozyme). giemsa smears and koh preparatio ...	1990	2285571
[susceptibility of clinically isolated bacterial strains to imipenem/cilastatin sodium].	in vitro antibacterial activities of imipenem/cilastatin sodium (imipenem) and other beta-lactams against clinically isolated 353 bacterial strains were investigated. the results obtained in this study are summarized as follows: 1. imipenem (ipm) showed potent antibacterial activities against gram-positive cocci such as staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococcus faecalis, streptococcus agalactiae. 2. ipm had inferior or equivalent antibacterial activities to beta-lactams aga ...	1990	2287059
[susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. a study mainly focused on imipenem. reported by the research group for testing imipenem susceptibility on clinical isolates].	this study was conducted to investigate susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antibacterial agents at 64 hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1988. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were carried out at each laboratory and the tests were performed according to the disk dilution method recommended by nccls in which susceptibilities are classified into "s", "ms", "i" and "r". ipm showed markedly high in vit ...	1990	2287060
in vitro activity against clinically important gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria of sulbactam, alone and in combination with ampicillin, cefotaxime, mezlocillin, and piperacillin.	the in vitro effects of the single agents, and the synergistic/antagonistic action of three different combinations of ampicillin (amp, cas 69-53-4), cefotaxime (ctx, cas 63527-52-6), mezlocillin (mez, cas 51481-65-3), and piperacillin (pip, cas 61477-96-1) with the beta-lactamase inhibitor sulbactam (sul, cas 68373-14-8) were determined against 675 gram-positive and gram-negative, both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. all the combinations of sulbactam and the antibiotics (1: 1, 1:2 and 1:4) exhib ...	1990	2291754
in-vitro activity of cefpodoxime against 1834 isolates from domiciliary infections at 20 uk centres.	a total of 1834 non-copy, general practice or outpatient isolates were collected by 20 hospital laboratories within the british isles, and identified and tested for susceptibility to nine antimicrobial agents available by oral administration at one centre. against enterobacteriaceae cefpodoxime was the most active beta-lactam agent tested, the mic90s being: for escherichia coli 1.0 mg/l, for proteus mirabilis 1.0 mg/l, for citrobacter spp. 2.0 mg/l, and for enterobacter spp., serratia spp., morg ...	1990	2292533
evolution of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis and application to the fine-tuned phylogenetic positioning of enteric bacteria.	a comprehensive phylogenetic tree for virtually the entire assemblage of enteric bacteria is presented. character states of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis are used as criteria, and the results are compared with partial trees based upon sequencing of 16s rrna, 5s rrna, and tryptophan leader peptide. three major clusters are apparent. enterocluster 1 possesses a gene fusion (trpg-trpd) encoding anthranilate synthase: anthranilate 5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase of tryptop ...	1990	2298692
refined crystal structure of beta-lactamase from citrobacter freundii indicates a mechanism for beta-lactam hydrolysis.	beta-lactamases (ec 3.5.2.6, 'penicillinases') are a family of enzymes that protect bacteria against the lethal effects of cell-wall synthesis of penicillins, cephalosporins and related antibiotic agents, by hydrolysing the beta-lactam antibiotics to biologically inactive compounds. their production can, therefore, greatly contribute to the clinical problem of antibiotic resistance. three classes of beta-lactamases--a, b and c--have been identified on the basis of their amino-acid sequence; clas ...	1990	2300174
diverse potential of beta-lactamase inhibitors to induce class i enzymes.	the ability of various beta-lactamase inhibitors to induce class i beta-lactamases was assessed. clavulanate was the most active compound, inducing morganella morganii, aeromonas caviae, and enterobacter aerogenes over a broad concentration range and citrobacter freundii, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and serratia marcescens at high concentrations. disk approximation tests paralleled these results, with clavulanate, but not sulbactam or tazobactam, antagonizing the activity of several beta-lactams aga ...	1990	2327752
in vitro activity of ro 23-9424, a dual-action cephalosporin, compared with activities of other antibiotics.	the in vitro activity of ro 23-9424, which is desacetyl-cefotaxime linked to fleroxacin, was compared with the activities of cefotaxime, desacetyl-cefotaxime, fleroxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. it inhibited the majority of members of the family enterobacteriaceae, except for some serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, and enterobacter cloacae strains, at less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml and had an mic for 90% of strains tested (mic90) of 8 micrograms/ml against pseudomonas aeru ...	1990	2327765
molecular epidemiology of tem-3 (ctx-1) beta-lactamase.	a total of 33 clinical isolates encoding tem-3 (ctx-1) from four french hospitals were studied. the strains belonged to seven species, klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 24), escherichia coli (n = 3), serratia marcescens (n = 2), citrobacter freundii (n = 1), enterobacter aerogenes (n = 1), enterobacter cloacae (n = 1), and klebsiella oxytoca (n = 1). all the strains harbored an inc7 or m self-transferable plasmid with a size of approximately 85 kilobases. the plasmids had closely related ecori, hincii, ...	1990	2327769
the in-vitro activity of ceftibuten against 475 clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli, compared with cefuroxime and cefadroxil.	the in-vitro activity of ceftibuten was compared with cefuroxime and cefadroxil against 475 clinically-significant, epidemiologically-distinct isolates of gram-negative bacilli: 170 from blood, 212 from urine and 93 from a supplementary collection of multiply-resistant strains known to have resistance plasmids, to have caused sporadic or epidemic nosocomial infection, or both. ceftibuten mics ranged from 0.003 to greater than 32 mg/l, with a modal mic of 0.01 mg/l: 95% of all isolates had ceftib ...	1990	2329100
citrobacter diversus lung abscess in a preterm infant.		1990	2336304
citrobacter freundii: a newly reported cause of pyomyositis.	pyomyositis has been uncommonly reported in temperature climates, but is being recognized with increasing frequency. the most common etiologic agent is staphylococcus aureus, although other pathogens have been rarely implicated. the authors describe the first case of pyomyositis caused by citrobacter freundii. because of the rarity of this disease in north america, it is often initially misdiagnosed. neuromuscular sonography, a non-invasive imaging technique, identified the muscle abscess in thi ...	1990	2337124
broad spectrum beta-lactamases of citrobacter diversus.	citrobacter diversus nf85 produced a chromosomal beta-lactamase that was induced by a variety of beta-lactam antibiotics. two major forms of the enzyme, with isoelectric points (pi's) of 5.7 and 6.2, were found in crude cell extracts. derepressed mutants of nf85, generated by nitrosoguanidine treatment, displayed different levels of beta-lactamase expression to the parent strain and had different patterns of resistance to a range of beta-lactam antibiotics. those mutants of nf85 that were totall ...	1990	2338412
dysgonic fermenter 3-associated abscess in a diabetic patient.	we report a case in which a strain of the u.s.a. centers for disease control (cdc) dysgonic fermenter (df) 3, together with citrobacter freundii, was isolated from an abscess in a diabetic patient. df 3 may be easily overlooked due to its fastidious nature, a characteristic shared with two former df groups now placed in the genus capnocytophaga. to our knowledge, this is the first european case report of df 3-associated infection.	1990	2341734
in vitro and in vivo activities of a new quinolone, win 57273, possessing potent activity against gram-positive bacteria.	the antibacterial activity of a new 7-dimethylpyridinyl quinolone, win 57273, was assessed by using in vitro and in vivo models. agar inclusion and broth dilution in vitro tests revealed broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and selected gram-negative organisms, with the greatest potency observed against the staphylococci. the mic for 90% of coagulase-positive strains tested (mic90) was less than or equal to 0.002 micrograms/ml; for the coagulase-negative strains the mic90 was 0.008 micr ...	1990	2344163
effects of room-temperature exposure on bacterial growth in stored red cells.	experiments were performed to determine the effect of room-temperature (rt) exposure on the growth rates of selected bacteria by deliberate contamination of as-1 packed red cell (rbc) units contained in pl146 plastic bags. isolates of staphylococcus aureus, s. epidermidis, streptococcus faecalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter agglomerans, and yersinia enterocolitica were inoculated into 3- to 5-day-old packed rbc units. the units were refrigerated at 4 to 6 degrees c ...	1990	2349628
[effect of rokitamycin on bacterial flora in human feces].	rokitamycin, a newly developed macrolide antibiotic was orally administered to 7 healthy male volunteers (22-25 years) for 7 consecutive days to study changes in bacterial flora and concentrations of the drug in feces, and to observe adverse reactions and laboratory test parameters. a dose of 200 mg (2 tablets: 100 mg/tablet) was given 3 times daily before meals and the fecal studies were done on the 5 days before administration (adm.) [b.a.], at the time of administration (0), and the 3rd, 5th, ...	1990	2362352
[solid-state stability and preformulation study of a new parenteral cephalosporin antibiotics (e1040)].	in designing the dosage form, one major factor controlling their physicochemical properties is solid forms of the drug powder. the method for improving the physicochemical stability of unstable beta-lactam antibiotics is very important. e1040 is a novel parenteral 3-betaine type cephalosporin which has a broad antibacterial spectrum and potent activities against citrobacter, freundii, enterobacter cloacase, and glucose-non-fermentative bacteria, including p. aeruginosa. the present study was int ...	1990	2374092
structure of the heptose-3-deoxyoctulosonic acid region of citrobacter lipopolysaccharide core.		1990	2379197
[microcin r51 and a plasmid determining its synthesis].	a new microcin produced by an citrobacter r51 strain has been detected. this antibiotic has been shown to inhibit the growth of a number of gram-negative as well as gram-positive strains of bacteria on the minimal medium plates. the properties of partially purified microcin were characterized. constitutive synthesis of microcin is determined by a conjugative plasmid. the genes of microcin synthesis and immunity were cloned on a plasmid and plasmid vehicles. a physical map of the 12 kb fragment c ...	1990	2381438
isolation of a citrobacter species able to grow on malonate under strictly anaerobic conditions.	an anaerobic enrichment from lake mud yielded a pure culture of a facultatively anaerobic bacterium able to grow on malonate under strictly anaerobic conditions. strain 16mal1 was identified as a member of the family enterobacteriaceae, and assigned to the genus citrobacter on the basis of morphological, metabolic and biochemical characteristics. malonate was fermented under strictly anaerobic (sulphide-reduced) conditions to acetate and co2 concomitant with growth. a maximum growth rate of 1.88 ...	1990	2384742
direct introduction of a formamido group into the 7 alpha (6 alpha)-position of cephalosporins (penicillins).	a novel direct introduction of a formamido group into the 7 alpha (6 alpha)-position of cephalosporins (penicillins) was achieved by treatment of 7 beta (6 beta)-[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-oxo-2,5-cyclohexadien-1- ylidene)methylimino]cephem (penam) esters with n,n-bis(trimethylsilyl)formamide, followed by deblocking with girard reagent t to give the corresponding 7 alpha (6 alpha)-formamido-7 beta (6 beta)-amino derivatives. three 7 alpha-formamidocephalosporins were prepared by the conventional n-ac ...	1990	2387776
urethane-hydrolyzing enzyme from citrobacter sp.	urethane, a cancer-causing chemical, was reported to contaminate alcoholic beverages such as whisky, liquor, wine and sake. enzymatic removal of urethane would be a possible approach to remove this potentially hazardous chemical from alcoholic beverages. we found that citrobacter sp. isolated from mouse feces stoichiometrically decomposed urethane to ethanol and ammonia. we named this enzyme "urethanase." partially purified urethanase could hydrolyze several carbamates and some amides. however, ...	1990	2393957
genotypic heterogeneity of strains of citrobacter diversus expressing a 32-kilodalton outer membrane protein associated with neonatal meningitis.	genetic diversity and relationships among 42 strains of citrobacter diversus recovered from the cerebrospinal fluid of human infants with meningitis and from other clinical sources in the united states were estimated on the basis of electrophoretically detectable allelic variation in 20 genes encoding metabolic enzymes. sixteen distinctive multilocus enzyme genotypes were identified, among which the mean genetic diversity per locus was 0.244. the recovery of isolates of the same genotype in seve ...	1990	2394801
[the etiological structure of acute intestinal infections].	the share of various etiologic forms of acute intestinal infections, diagnosed by bacteriologic methods, is presented. the share of gastroenterocolitis induced by opportunistic microflora makes up 35.6%, that of dysentery 25.6%, salmonellosis 18.5%; mixed infection (dysentery + salmonellosis) is diagnosed in 7% of cases with acute intestinal infections. the principal representative of opportunistic microflora isolated from patients with acute intestinal infections is the klebsiella genus (40.6%) ...	1990	1692367
[standardization of the determination of the fimbriae (adhesins) of citrobacter].	trials of guinea pig formalin-treated red cells have shown their stability for at least 3 years and fitness, equal to that of native cells, for the detection of citrobacter mannose-sensitive and resistant adhesins in hemagglutination and adhesion tests (red cell binding of bacteria). comparison of the results of bacterial binding and bacterial agglutination of red cells in tests on slides and in wells has shown that the use of fixed red cells accelerates agglutination and makes it more sensitive ...	1990	1692369
[obtaining, by means of a strain of citrobacter freundii, a serum specific agglutinant for salmonella of the subspecies i of group b, without the necessity for absorption].	a strain of citrobacter freundii possessing the factors o:4,27 of salmonella, without factor o:12, may be used for preparation of a diagnostic serum for identification of strains of salmonella sub-species i belonging to o-group b, without absorption.	1990	1701084
saccharide-protein covalent conjugates: immunochemical characterization of citrobacter 036 core oligosaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugates.	core oligosaccharides (complete and incomplete) isolated from citrobacter 036 lipopolysaccharide were covalently conjugated with tetanus toxoid. serological examination of the citrobacter 036 core oligosaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugates showed that they are strong immunogens. the monospecific anti-conjugate sera prepared by immunization of rabbits, were used to study the antigenic relations between lipopolysaccharide core regions of 8 strains of citrobacter. immunoelectrophoresis, immunoblotti ...	1991	1711874
[the etiologic structure of acute intestinal infections caused by opportunistic microorganisms (irkutsk, 1984-1988)].	the authors analyze the results of bacteriologic studies carried out in patients with intestinal infections at the laboratory of the sanitary epidemiologic center of the town of irkutsk over 1984-1988. the records of 24,490 case histories show infections induced by opportunistic microflora in 37 percent of cases. the most frequent etiologic agents were staphylococcus aureus and enterobacteriaceae, genera: proteus, enterobacter, citrobacter, klebsiella, hafnia. analysis of the incidence of acute ...	1991	1715437
evolution of the ferric enterobactin receptor in gram-negative bacteria.	using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of iron-deficient and replete cell envelopes, 59fe-siderophore uptake studies, and western immunoblots and cytofluorimetric analyses with monoclonal antibodies (mabs), we surveyed a panel of gram-negative bacteria to identify outer membrane proteins that are structurally related to the escherichia coli k-12 ferric enterobactin receptor, fepa. antibodies within the panel identified fepa epitopes that are conserved among the majority ...	1991	1717434
cloning and nucleotide sequence of the gene (cita) encoding a citrate carrier from salmonella typhimurium.	a cryptic citrate transport gene (cita) from salmonella typhimurium chromosome was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. the cloned plasmid conferred citrate-utilizing ability on wild-type escherichia coli, which cannot grow on citrate as the sole source of carbon. the resultant e. coli transformant was able to transport citrate. a 1,302-base-pair open reading frame with a preceding ribosomal binding site was found in the cloned dna fragment. the 434-amino-acid protein that could be ...	1991	1718953
[the serologic diagnosis of group b salmonelloses].	antibacterial sera activities towards citrobacter o22 and salmonella typhimurium were tested with o22, o1, o4, o5, o12 erythrocytic diagnostic agents. cross activities of o22, o1, o4, o5, o12, and hi antigens were tested with the same and hi erythrocytic diagnostic agents in the antibody neutralization test. the findings have confirmed the identity or very close relationship between the tested o antigens. screening for antigens of the excretions from patients with s. typhimurium and citrobacter ...	1991	1724040
microbiological evaluation of cefpodoxime proxetil.	cefpodoxime, the active de-esterified molecule of the orally absorbable cephalosporin cefpodoxime proxetil, inhibits streptococci, neisseria spp., and most enterobacteriaceae, with mic50 and/or mic90 values of less than or equal to 2 mg/l; with regard to the latter family of bacteria, the mic50 and/or mic90 values of cefpodoxime are consistently greater than or equal to 4 mg/l for only enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, and morganella morganii. the mic50 of cedpodox ...	1991	1726210
in vitro activity of ro 09-1428 compared to other cephalosporins.	the in vitro activity of ro 09-1428, a new catechol-type parenteral cephalosporin, was compared to that of ceftazidime, e-1040, cefpirome and cefepime against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. ro 09-1428 inhibited group a streptococci at less than or equal to 0.12 micrograms/ml, and group b, c and g streptococci and streptococcus pneumoniae at 0.5 micrograms/ml, whereas for staphylococcus aureus ro 09-1428 had mics of 8-16 micrograms/ml similar to ceftazidime and e-1040. against pseudom ...	1991	1748124
in vitro activity of cefcanel versus other oral cephalosporins.	cefcanel is a new orally absorbed cephalosporin. its activity was compared with that of cefuroxime, cefaclor, cephalexin, and cefixime against gram-positive and negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. cefcanel had excellent activity against methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis, mic90 1 micrograms/ml, superior to the other oral cephalosporins. however, methicillin-resistant staphylococci were resistant, mic greater than or equal to 16 micrograms/ml. strept ...	1991	1748125
in vitro activity of the novel cephalosporin gr69153.	the in vitro activity of gr69153 was compared to that of ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem and gentamicin against a total of 702 recent clinical isolates. mics were determined by a standard agar dilution procedure and two inocula (10(4) and 10(8) cfu) were used throughout. gr69153 inhibited 90% of isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumonia and proteus mirabilis at less than or equal to 0.25 mg/l and 90% of isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa at less than or equal to 1 mg/l. citrobacter f ...	1991	1748126
in vitro characterization of intra-generic inhibition of growth in salmonella typhimurium.	the intra-generic inhibition of bacterial growth observed previously in vivo and in vitro with strains of salmonella, citrobacter and e. coli was studied in vitro using s. typhimurium strain f98. there was complete inhibition of multiplication of s. typhimurium when it was added to stationary-phase broth cultures of different salmonella serotypes, but only partial inhibition when added to broth cultures of e. coli. the degree of inhibition between different mutants of f98 was affected by the num ...	1991	1748870
evaluation of brl 42715, a beta-lactamase-inhibiting penem.	brl 42715 is a new penem which inhibits a wide range of plasmid as well as chromosomally mediated bacterial beta-lactamases. we used a total of 902 recent clinical isolates, consisting of 455 enterobacteriaceae, 247 staphylococci and 200 other gram-negative bacteria to evaluate its ability for potentiation of amoxycillin. mics for all the 104 strains of methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus were reduced from 8-greater than 32.0 to less than or equal to 0.06 micrograms/ml in the presence ...	1991	1760938
temporal and topological clustering of diverged residues among enterobacterial dihydrofolate reductases.	the complete nucleotide and encoded amino acid sequences were determined for the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) from the bacteria enterobacter aerogenes and citrobacter freundii. these were compared with the closely related escherichia coli dhfr sequence. the ancestral dhfr sequence common to these three species was reconstructed. since that ancestor there have been seven, nine, and one amino acid replacements in e. coli, e. aerogenes, and c. freundii, respectively. in e. coli, five of its seven ...	1991	1766362
rapid isolation and presumptive diagnosis of uropathogens by using membrane filtration and differential media.	random urine samples from hospitalized patients (n = 550) and seeded sterile filtered urine samples (n = 730) were used to test a membrane filtration technique, qualture (future medical technologies international, inc., west palm beach, fla.), for the detection and identification of uropathogens. results for each sample were compared with those obtained by the calibrated loop (0.01 ml) method to demonstrate the sensitivity of the method as a screening tool and the specificity of the presumptive ...	1991	1774240
a new plate medium for rapid presumptive identification and differentiation of enterobacteriaceae.	a new selective differential agar medium for rapid presumptive identification of enterobacteriaceae from water and food samples is described (emx id agar). by a combination of fluorogenic and chromogenic substrates, the medium detects the presence of beta-d-glucuronidase, beta-d-galactosidase, beta-d-xylosidase, tryptophane deaminase and h2s; additionally, cytochrome-oxidase and indole production can be demonstrated. this medium provides an inexpensive means for simple and rapid presumptive iden ...	1991	1777382
cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the gene encoding the beta-lactamase from citrobacter diversus.	the gene coding for the class a beta-lactamase of citrobacter diversus has been cloned and sequenced. it contains the information for a 294-amino-acid precursor protein, including a 27-residue n-terminal signal peptide. the deduced sequence of the n-terminal portion of the mature protein is in excellent agreement with that determined by microsequencing of the protein and readily explains the pi differences observed between the naturally occurring forms i and ii of the enzyme. the sequence of the ...	1991	1778425
beta-lactamase expression and outer membrane protein changes in cefpirome-resistant and ceftazidime-resistant gram-negative bacteria.	twenty-five strains of enterobacteriaceae (five each of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii, and providencia stuartii) and five strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa were exposed to various concentrations of cefpirome or ceftazidime in agar. mutants with a greater than four-fold increase in the mic were examined for changes in beta-lactamase expression and outer membrane protein (omp) profile. both agents selected mutants with decreased susceptibility ...	1991	1778852
in-vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of sr 44337, a new long acting cephalosporin.	the in-vitro activity of sr 44337 was compared with that of other broad-spectrum parenteral cephalosporins, plus imipenem and co-amoxiclav. sr 44337 showed good activity against the enterobacteriaceae, with mic90s of less than 0.5 mg/l against all species tested, with the exception of citrobacter spp. (mic90 2 mg/l) and serratia spp. (mic90 4 mg/l). of the agents tested, only ceftriaxone showed consistently greater activity against this family of organisms. sr 44337 had higher activity than ceft ...	1991	1778854
selection and characterization of cefepime-resistant gram-negative bacteria.	the nctc type strains and four clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii, providencia stuartii and pseudomonas aeruginosa were exposed, in agar, to cefepime at 3, 5, and 10 x mic and a breakpoint concentration of 16 mg/l. mutants were selected at a frequency of approximately 10(-8) that had decreased susceptibility to cefepime and cefpirome, and species-dependent resistance to other beta-lactams. any putative mutant with a greater t ...	1991	1778870
xylose-lysine-tergitol 4: an improved selective agar medium for the isolation of salmonella.	a study was conducted to evaluate a new selective plating medium for isolating salmonella using pure bacterial cultures, and poultry environmental specimens containing high numbers of competing enteric bacteria. xylose-lysine-tergitol 4 (xlt4) agar was found to strongly inhibit proteus, pseudomonas, providencia, and many other nonsalmonellae and to provide good differentiation between salmonella and citrobacter. the xlt4 medium significantly improved salmonella isolation from chicken farm enviro ...	1991	1784564
[biochemical properties of avian citrobacter amalonaticus strains].	a report is given on the biochemical properties of c. amalonaticus-strains of avian origin. some strains show decisive deviations of the "norm", usually established from mammalian strains and details are given in a table. the results are discussed and the strains considered to be avian specific.	1991	1786041
[quantitation of acinetobacter calcoaceticus in mixed bacterial cultures by an enzyme immunoassay].	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using polyclonal antibodies from rabbits has been developed for quantification of acinetobacter calcoaceticus. bacteria were added to the wells of a microtiter plate coated with anti-acinetobacter immunoglobulin. for detecting bound cells the peroxidase-labelled immunoglobulin fraction was used. over a distinct range there is a linear correlation between bound bacteria and measured absorbance allowing a quantification of bacteria in an order from 10(7) to 10( ...	1991	1793089
in vitro activity of a new cephalosporin me-1206 compared with other agents.	the in vitro activity of me-1206, a new aminothiazolyl cephalosporin that can be orally absorbed when converted to an ester, was compared with that of other beta-lactams. me-1206 inhibited 50% of the enterobacteriaceae at 2 micrograms/ml, similar to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and cefixime. it did not inhibit, mic greater than or equal to 32 micrograms/ml, enterobacter species or citrobacter freundii resistant to cefotaxime and ceftazidime, and it was less active than cefotaxime and ceftazidime aga ...	1991	1797456
in vitro activity evaluations of cefdinir (fk482, ci-983, and pd134393). a novel orally administered cephalosporin.	cefdinir, a so-called third-generation oral cephalosporin was tested in vitro against over 700 pathogens from patients with bacteremia. cefdinir was very active against the enterobacteriaceae with a 50% minimum inhibitory concentration (mic50) value range of less than or equal to 0.03-8 micrograms/ml. the enteric species having the highest mic90s (greater than or equal to 16 micrograms/ml) were citrobacter freundii, and the enterobacters, morganella morganii, proteus vulgaris, and serratia marce ...	1991	1797457
oral ofloxacin therapy of infections due to multiply-resistant bacteria.	we determined the efficacy and safety of orally administered ofloxacin, 400 mg twice daily, in the treatment of infections due to multiply-resistant bacteria. patients (n = 99) were treated for 84 infections in 82 patients evaluable for efficacy with a bacteriologic response of 71%. organisms treated included pseudomonas aeruginosa (39), staphylococcus aureus (11), serratia marcescens (9), enterobacter species (7), five each of escherichia coli, citrobacter, salmonella, klebsiella, and other org ...	1991	1797458
[susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents, 1989. a study mainly focused on imipenem. the research group for testing imipenem susceptibilities of clinical isolates].	we investigated susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antimicrobial agents at hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1989. the susceptibility testing was carried out according to the 1-dilution or 3-dilution disc technique in which susceptibilities are classified into 4 grades: (+++), (++), (+) and (-). ipm showed markedly high in vitro activities against streptococcus pneumoniae, neisseria gonorrhoeae, moraxella catarrhalis, es ...	1991	1798067
antibacterial activity of cefpodoxime in comparison with cefixime, cefdinir, cefetamet, ceftibuten, loracarbef, cefprozil, bay 3522, cefuroxime, cefaclor and cefadroxil.	the new oral cephalosporins cefpodoxime, cefixime, cefdinir, cefetamet and ceftibuten demonstrate enhanced activity against enterobacteriaceae susceptible to the established compounds as well (e.g. cefuroxime, cefaclor, cefadroxil). in addition, cefpodoxime, cefixime, cefdinir, cefetamet and ceftibuten include in their spectrum species hitherto resistant to oral cephalosporins (proteus vulgaris, providencia spp., yersinia enterocolitica). besides, the majority of these compounds demonstrate rele ...	1991	1800377
in vitro activity of cefpodoxime and ten other cephalosporins against gram-positive cocci, enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa, including beta-lactamase producers.	cefpodoxime, the deesterified part of the orally available cefpodoxime proxetil, is active against most enterobacteriaceae with mic50 of 0.06 to 2 mg/l. only enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii strains show mic50 of 4 mg/l. coagulase negative staphylococci have a mic50 of 2, while staphylococcus aureus strains have a mic of 4 mg/l. in comparison to other orally available cephalosporins cefpodoxime is slightly less active than cefixime and cefotiam against gram-negative bacteria but mor ...	1991	1800378
cefpodoxime: comparative antibacterial activity, influence of growth conditions, and bactericidal activity.	the antimicrobial activity of cefpodoxime, the active metabolite of the new cephalosporin ester cefpodoxime proxetil, in comparison to cefixime, cefotiam, cefuroxime, and cefotaxime was determined against a broad spectrum of freshly isolated gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains. cefpodoxime was demonstrated to be inhibitory at concentrations of less than or equal to 1 mg/l against 90% of strains of moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, escherichia coli (beta-lactamase- nega ...	1991	1800379
induction of a class i beta-lactamase from citrobacter freundii in escherichia coli requires active ftsz but not ftsa or ftsq products.	a possible connection between septation/division and induction of cloned ampc beta-lactamase was investigated. when a ftsz84(ts) mutant of escherichia coli carrying ampr-ampc from citrobacter freundii was grown at the restrictive temperature (42 degrees c), induction of beta-lactamase by cefoxitin was inhibited by about 80%. inhibition was virtually complete when a ftsz84(ts) mutant of different genetic background was tested. although somewhat delayed, the induction of beta-lactamase in transfor ...	1991	1804009
in vitro and in vivo activity of carbamate-linked dual-action antibacterial ro 24-4383.	ro 24-4383 contains desacetylcefotaxime linked by a carbamate bond at the 3' position to ciprofloxacin. ro 24-4383 was active against 99% of the 363 gram-positive and gram-negative aerobes tested in vitro, while the comparative agents cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin were active against 77 and 97%, respectively. the activities (ed50: mg/kg s.c.) of ro 24-4383, cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin in systemic murine infections were: escherichia coli 257, 1.4, less than 0.5, less than 0.2; klebsiella pneumoni ...	1991	1804592
what is the diagnostic value of beta-d-glucuronidase (bdg) activity of bacteria using fluorocult ecd agar for their cultivation?	a total of 1510 strains from 15 genera of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria were studied. more than 94% of 327 escherichia coli strains showed beta-d-glucuronidase (bdg) activity. seventeen serotypes from 170 e. coli o serogroup representatives were negative. relationship between the existence of bdg positive and negative e. coli strains in the same serogroup or serotype has not been observed. the rate of bdg positivity was 42% among salmonella arizonae strains and 42.2% among shigella st ...	1991	1805501
neonatal meningitis and bilateral cerebellar abscesses due to citrobacter freundii.	we report bilateral cerebellar abscesses in a neonate with citrobacter freundii meningitis. the mortality and morbidity of citrobacter abscess is high. rapidly developing drug resistance may play a role as illustrated by our case.	1991	1811708
[microbial colonization and succession in the large intestine of newborn infants during their stay with mothers at the maternity hospital].	formation of microflora in the large intestine of 5-day old infants was studied in one of the moscow maternity homes. the up-to-date procedures for isolation and identification of aerobic and anaerobic organisms were used in the study and the findings were processed on a computer. in the newborns of the maternity home of the "mother-infant" type there was observed colonization of the large intestine with aerobic and anaerobic organisms. a wave-like dynamics in the formation of the symbiotic micr ...	1991	1814270
bacteriology of community acquired urinary tract infection. analysis of 1048 cases.	urine samples from 1048 cases clinically suspected to have urinary tract infection were examined for bacteriological culture and antibiotic sensitivity. of 1048 cultures, 530 (50.5%) were sterile, 163 (15.5%) showed the presence of nonpathogenic bacteria and 11 (1%) revealed nonsignificant bacteriuria with escherichia coli. significant bacteriuria (more than 10(5)/ml) was found in the remaining 344 (32.8%) cases. escherichia coli was the predominant pathogen isolated from 170 (16.2%) samples; kl ...	1991	1814873
[virological and bacteriological study of materno-fetal infections in brazzaville].	serological study of serum samples taken from pregnant women and umbilical cord and bacteriological study of vaginal secretions samples and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) showed in mothers: t. pallidum antibody (tp ab) 9%, rubella virus antibody (ru ab) 85%; hbs ag 16%, hiv antibody (hiv ab) 4%. microbe culture showed: s. aureus 18%, streptococcus sp. 9%, e. coli 4.9%, klebsiella 3.6%, citrobacter 3.6%, candida albicans 15%; direct immunofluorescence: chlamydia 26%. in infants: igg umbilical cord: tp ...	1991	1819414
beta-lactamase induction antagonizes beta-lactam susceptibilities in citrobacter diversus and enterobacter cloacae clinical isolates.	inducible beta-lactamases were obtained after exposure to several beta-lactams in clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter diversus. enzyme production was related to the inducer and medium composition. beta-lactamase is able to inactivate only labile compounds, thus generating minimum inhibitory concentrations higher than in the absence of the inducer; imipenem susceptibilities usually were not changed.	1991	1819615
[the detection of pathogenic properties in soil nitrogen-fixing enterobacteria].	two klebsiella planticola nitrogen-binding soil strains have been found capable, when introduced intraperitoneally into white mice, of killing the animals, the ld50 of the strains being 8.8 +/- 0.1 and 9.0 +/- 0.2. in two k. pneumoniae strains isolated from internal organs of sick agricultural animals the presence of nitrogen-binding activity has been established.	1991	1838655
natural transfer of conjugative transposon tn916 between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.	the conjugative streptococcal transposon tn916 was found to transfer naturally between a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative eubacteria. enterococcus faecalis hosting the transposon could serve as a donor for alcaligenes eutrophus, citrobacter freundii, and escherichia coli at frequencies of 10(-6) to 10(-8). no transfer was observed with several phototrophic species. mating of an e. coli strain carrying tn916 yielded transconjugants with bacillus subtilis, clostridium acetobutylicum, ent ...	1991	1846142