Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| genetics of o-antigen biosynthesis in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | pathogenic bacteria produce an elaborate assortment of extracellular and cell-associated bacterial products that enable colonization and establishment of infection within a host. lipopolysaccharide (lps) molecules are cell surface factors that are typically known for their protective role against serum-mediated lysis and their endotoxic properties. the most heterogeneous portion of lps is the o antigen or o polysaccharide, and it is this region which confers serum resistance to the organism. pse ... | 1999 | 10477307 |
| bovine leukemia virus structural gene vectors are immunogenic and lack pathogenicity in a rabbit model. | infection with a replication-competent bovine leukemia virus structural gene vector (blv sgv) is an innovative vaccination approach to prevent disease by complex retroviruses. previously we developed blv sgv that constitutively expresses blv gag, pol, and env and related cis-acting sequences but lacks tax, rex, riii, and giv and most of the blv long terminal repeat sequences, including the cis-acting tax and rex response elements. the novel sgv virus is replication competent and replicates a sel ... | 1999 | 10482566 |
| expression of urease does not affect the ability of bordetella bronchiseptica to colonise and persist in the murine respiratory tract. | to investigate the role played by urease during the bordetella bronchiseptica infection process, the ability to colonise and persist in the mouse respiratory tract of a urease-negative b. bronchiseptica bb7865 and a bb7865 derivative constitutively expressing urease was compared with that of the wild-type strain. the results obtained showed that neither constitutive expression nor abolishment of urease activity had any significant effect on the course of b. bronchiseptica infection. therefore, u ... | 1999 | 10483716 |
| concentrations of c-reactive protein in normal monkeys (macaca irus) and in monkeys inoculated with bordetella bronchiseptica r-5 and measles virus. | the concentrations of c-reactive protein (crp) in serum from normal crab-eating monkeys (macaca irus) were measured by means of a monkey-specific turbidimetric immunoassay (tia), and the changes in the serum crp concentrations in crab-eating monkeys inoculated with bordetella bronchiseptica r-5 and measles virus (ichinose or nk 3 strain) were also examined. the crp concentrations in sera from 54 normal crab-eating monkeys ranged from 0 to 8.3 microg/ml (mean 2.2 +/- 1.9). no significant differen ... | 1999 | 10493113 |
| activity of nine fluoroquinolones against strains of bordetella bronchiseptica. | thirty-two strains of bordetella bronchiseptica were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibilities to nine fluoroquinolones. the most active agents were fleroxacin, temafloxacin, ciprofloxacin (mic90 1 microg/ml), ofloxacin, lomefloxacin and enoxacin (mic90 2 microg/ml). pefloxacin and norfloxacin were active only against 59.3 and 83.1%, respectively, of the strains tested, whereas rufloxacin lacked activity against all the strains of b. bronchiseptica tested. | 1999 | 10493613 |
| essential role of the iron-regulated outer membrane receptor faua in alcaligin siderophore-mediated iron uptake in bordetella species. | phenotypic analysis using heterologous host systems localized putative bordetella pertussis ferric alcaligin transport genes and fur-binding sequences to a 3.8-kb genetic region downstream from the alcr regulator gene. nucleotide sequencing identified a tonb-dependent receptor family homolog gene, faua, predicted to encode a polypeptide with high amino acid sequence similarity with known bacterial ferric siderophore receptors. in escherichia coli, the faua genes of both b. pertussis and bordetel ... | 1999 | 10498707 |
| automated approach for ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis of microbial diversity and its application to freshwater bacterial communities. | an automated method of ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (arisa) was developed for the rapid estimation of microbial diversity and community composition in freshwater environments. following isolation of total community dna, pcr amplification of the 16s-23s intergenic spacer region in the rrna operon was performed with a fluorescence-labeled forward primer. arisa-pcr fragments ranging in size from 400 to 1,200 bp were next discriminated and measured by using an automated electrophoresis syste ... | 1999 | 10508099 |
| opening the iron box: transcriptional metalloregulation by the fur protein. | 1999 | 10515908 | |
| disruption of tonb in bordetella bronchiseptica and bordetella pertussis prevents utilization of ferric siderophores, haemin and haemoglobin as iron sources. | the bordetella bronchiseptica tonb gene was cloned by detection of a chromosomal restriction fragment hybridizing with each of two degenerate oligonucleotides that corresponded to pro-glu and pro-lys repeats characteristic of known tonb proteins. the tonb(bb) gene was situated upstream of exbb and exbd homologues and downstream of a putative fur-regulated promoter. hybridization results indicated that the tonb operon and flanking regions were highly conserved between b. bronchiseptica, bordetell ... | 1999 | 10517598 |
| characterization of pic, a secreted protease of shigella flexneri and enteroaggregative escherichia coli. | we have identified and characterized a secreted protein, designated pic, which is encoded on the chromosomes of enteroaggregative escherichia coli (eaec) 042 and shigella flexneri 2457t. the product of the pic gene is synthesized as a 146.5-kda precursor molecule which is processed at the n and c termini during secretion, allowing the release of a mature protein (109.8 kda) into the culture supernatant. the deduced amino acid sequence of pic shows high homology to autotransporter proteins, parti ... | 1999 | 10531204 |
| bordetella bronchiseptica-mediated cytotoxicity to macrophages is dependent on bvg-regulated factors, including pertactin. | the effect of bordetella bronchiseptica infection on the viability of murine macrophage-like cells and on primary porcine alveolar macrophages was investigated. the bacterium was shown to be cytotoxic for both cell types, particularly where tight cell-to-cell contacts were established. in addition, bvg mutants were poorly cytotoxic for the eukaryotic cells, while a prn mutant was significantly less toxic than wild-type bacteria. b. bronchiseptica-mediated cytotoxicity was inhibited in the presen ... | 1999 | 10531256 |
| pregenomic comparative analysis between bordetella bronchiseptica rb50 and bordetella pertussis tohama i in murine models of respiratory tract infection. | we describe here a side-by-side comparison of murine respiratory infection by bordetella pertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica strains whose genomes are currently being sequenced (tohama i and rb50, respectively). b. pertussis and b. bronchiseptica are most appropriately classified as subspecies. their high degree of genotypic and phenotypic relatedness facilitates comparative studies of pathogenesis. rb50 and tohama i differ in their abilities to grow in the nose, trachea, and lungs of balb/c ... | 1999 | 10531274 |
| optimized ribotyping protocol applied to hungarian bordetella bronchiseptica isolates: identification of two novel ribotypes. | we reported previously that ribotype patterns generated with pvuii and a probe derived from the escherichia coli rrnb gene could be used to differentiate isolates of bordetella bronchiseptica. in the present study we report modifications made to the original ribotyping procedure that permit detection in the formerly characterized isolates of an additional 8 fragments with homology to rrnb. ribotypes were redefined to include these fragments. although this modification did not permit the detectio ... | 1999 | 10535773 |
| outer membrane lipoprotein e (p4) of haemophilus influenzae is a novel phosphomonoesterase. | haemophilus influenzae exists as a commensal of the upper respiratory tract of humans but also causes infections of contiguous structures. we describe the identification, localization, purification, and characterization of a novel, surface-localized phosphomonoesterase from a nontypeable h. influenzae strain, r2866. sequences obtained from two cnbr-derived fragments of this protein matched lipoprotein e (p4) within the h. influenzae sequence database. escherichia coli dh5alpha transformed with p ... | 1999 | 10542183 |
| isolation of polymyxin b-susceptible mutants of burkholderia pseudomallei and molecular characterization of genetic loci involved in polymyxin b resistance. | burkholderia pseudomallei is a gram-negative bacterium that causes the disease known as melioidosis. this pathogen is endemic to southeast asia and northern australia and is particularly problematic in northeastern thailand. it has been previously reported that b. pseudomallei is resistant to the killing action of cationic antimicrobial peptides, including human neutrophil peptide, protamine sulfate, poly-l-lysine, magainins, and polymyxins. recently, we have also found that the virulent clinica ... | 1999 | 10543742 |
| application of a dna hybridization-hydrophobic-grid membrane filter method for detection and isolation of verotoxigenic escherichia coli. | verotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) strains were isolated from food and animal fecal samples by using pcr to screen for the presence of vtec after broth enrichment and then filtering vtec-positive cultures through hydrophobic-grid membrane filters (hgmfs) which were incubated on macconkey agar. the filters were probed with a digoxigenin-labeled pcr product generated by amplification of a conserved verotoxin gene sequence. replication of the growth on filters allowed probe-positive colonies to ... | 1999 | 10543785 |
| multiplex pcr for detection and typing of porcine circoviruses. | sets of oligonucleotide primers were designed according to the sequences of the open reading frames (orfs) orf1 and orf2 of the prototype nonpathogenic pk-15 strain of porcine circovirus (pcv) type 1 (pcv-1). by the pcr performed with the various primer sets, genomic dna or rna from other bacterial or viral pathogens of the respiratory tracts of pigs could not be amplified. a positive amplification reaction could be visualized with dna extracted from a viral suspension containing as few as 10 vi ... | 1999 | 10565907 |
| cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 2 produced by pathogenic escherichia coli deamidates a gln residue in the conserved g-3 domain of the rho family and preferentially inhibits the gtpase activity of rhoa and rac1. | cytotoxic necrotizing factor types 1 and 2 (cnf1 and -2) produced by pathogenic escherichia coli strains have 90% conserved residues over 1,014-amino-acid sequences. both cnfs are able to provoke a remarkable increase in f-actin structures in cultured cells and covalently modify the rhoa small gtpases. in this study, we demonstrated that cnf2 reduced rhoa gtpase activity in the presence and absence of p122(rhogap). subsequently, peptide mapping and amino acid sequencing of cnf2-modified flag-rho ... | 1999 | 10569774 |
| cloning and immunologic characterization of a truncated bordetella bronchiseptica filamentous hemagglutinin fusion protein. | filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) is an outer-membrane associated adhesin conserved within the genus bordetella. fha provides protection against b. pertussis infections in humans and is a component of acellular whooping cough vaccines. furthermore, fha serves as a protective antigen in several animal models of infection with b. bronchiseptica and may serve as a protective antigen of canine bordetellosis. in this study, polyclonal anti-b. pertussis fha antiserum was used to identify an immunoreacti ... | 1999 | 10580199 |
| engineering of a stable whole-cell biocatalyst capable of (s)-styrene oxide formation for continuous two-liquid-phase applications. | recombinant strains of pseudomonas putida kt2440 carrying genetic expression cassettes with xylene oxygenase- and styrene monooxygenase-encoding genes on their chromosomes could be induced in shaking-flask experiments to specific activities that rivaled those of multicopy-plasmid-based escherichia coli recombinants. such strains maintained the introduced styrene oxidation activity in continuous two-liquid-phase cultures for at least 100 generations, although at a lower level than in the shaking- ... | 1999 | 10584030 |
| the bpel locus encodes type iii secretion machinery in bordetella pertussis. | type iii secretory genes(bscl, j, k, l, n and o) have recently been identified in bordetella bronchiseptica and shown to be under the control of the bvgas locus. we examined a 35 616 byte dna sequence amplified from bordetella pertussis tohama i for homology with known type iii secretory genes in yersinia spp. and pseudomonas sppand a total of 20 homologous open reading frames were detected. putative type iii secretion proteins in b. pertussis were designated according to their homology with typ ... | 1999 | 10588908 |
| multiple control of flagellum biosynthesis in escherichia coli: role of h-ns protein and the cyclic amp-catabolite activator protein complex in transcription of the flhdc master operon. | little is known about the molecular mechanism by which histone-like nucleoid-structuring (h-ns) protein and cyclic amp-catabolite activator protein (cap) complex control bacterial motility. in the present paper, we show that crp and hns mutants are nonmotile due to a complete lack of flagellin accumulation. this results from a reduced expression in vivo of flia and flic, which encode the specific flagellar sigma factor and flagellin, respectively. overexpression of the flhdc master operon restor ... | 1999 | 10601207 |
| mics of mutacin b-ny266, nisin a, vancomycin, and oxacillin against bacterial pathogens. | peptide antibiotics, particularly lantibiotics, are good candidates for replacing antibiotics to which bacteria have become resistant. in order to compare two such lantibiotics with two antibiotics, the mics of nisin a, mutacin b-ny266, vancomycin, and oxacillin against various bacterial pathogens were determined. the results indicate that nisin a and mutacin b-ny266 are as active as vancomycin and oxacillin against most of the strains tested. furthermore, mutacin b-ny266 remains active against ... | 2000 | 10602718 |
| flhdc, the flagellar master operon of xenorhabdus nematophilus: requirement for motility, lipolysis, extracellular hemolysis, and full virulence in insects. | xenorhabdus is a major insect pathogen symbiotically associated with nematodes of the family steinernematidae. this motile bacterium displays swarming behavior on suitable media, but a spontaneous loss of motility is observed as part of a phenomenon designated phase variation which involves the loss of stationary-phase products active as antibiotics and potential virulence factors. to investigate the role of one of the transcriptional activators of flagellar genes, flhdc, in motility and virulen ... | 2000 | 10613869 |
| polymorphism in the pertussis toxin promoter region affecting the dna-based diagnosis of bordetella infection. | the pertussis toxin (pt) promoter region is a frequently used target for dna-based diagnosis of pertussis and parapertussis infections. the reported polymorphism in this region has also allowed discrimination of species in mixtures with several bordetella species by their specific pcr amplicon restriction patterns. in the present study, we investigated the degree of polymorphism in order to confirm the reliability of the assay. five different sequence types of the amplified 239- or 249-bp region ... | 2000 | 10618063 |
| dilemma of the virulence of strptococcus suis strains. | 1999 | 10636727 | |
| identification of filamin as a novel ligand for caveolin-1: evidence for the organization of caveolin-1-associated membrane domains by the actin cytoskeleton. | reports on the ultrastructure of cells as well as biochemical data have, for several years, been indicating a connection between caveolae and the actin cytoskeleton. here, using a yeast two-hybrid approach, we have identified the f-actin cross-linking protein filamin as a ligand for the caveolae-associated protein caveolin-1. binding of caveolin-1 to filamin involved the n-terminal region of caveolin-1 and the c terminus of filamin close to the filamin-dimerization domain. in in vitro binding as ... | 2000 | 10637311 |
| cloning and characterization of vuua, a gene encoding the vibrio vulnificus ferric vulnibactin receptor. | the ability of vibrio vulnificus to acquire iron from the host has been shown to correlate with virulence. many iron transport genes are regulated by iron, and in v. vulnificus, transcriptional regulation by iron depends on the fur gene. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of a 72-kda iron-regulated outer membrane protein purified from a v. vulnificus fur mutant had 53% homology with the first 15 amino acids of the mature protein of the vibrio cholerae vibriobactin receptor, viua. in this report, ... | 2000 | 10639413 |
| functional conservation of the polysaccharide biosynthetic protein wbpm and its homologues in pseudomonas aeruginosa and other medically significant bacteria. | wbpm is a highly conserved protein involved in synthesis of the o antigens of pseudomonas aeruginosa. homologues of this protein have been identified in a large number of bacteria, and they can be divided into two subfamilies: subfamily 1, including wbpm, contains large proteins ( approximately 600 amino acids), while subfamily 2, typified by hp0840 (flaa1) of helicobacter pylori, contains smaller proteins ( approximately 350 amino acids) homologous to the c termini of proteins in subfamily 1. a ... | 2000 | 10639466 |
| phagocytosed bordetella pertussis fails to survive in human neutrophils. | previous studies have reported that phagocytosed bordetella pertussis survives in human neutrophils. this issue has been reexamined. opsonized or unopsonized bacteria expressing green fluorescent protein (gfp) were incubated with adherent human neutrophils. phagocytosis was quantified by fluorescence microscopy, and the viability of phagocytosed bacteria was determined by colony counts following treatment with polymyxin b to kill extracellular bacteria. only 1 to 2% of the phagocytosed bacteria ... | 2000 | 10639471 |
| biological activities of lipopolysaccharides extracted from porcine vaccine strains. | lipopolysaccharides (lpss) were purified from actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2, bordetella bronchiseptica and haemophilus parasuis serotype 5, which were used for vaccine production in japan, by the phenol-water procedure. in sds-page analysis, a. pleuropneumoniae lps, as well as escherichia coli lps, demonstrated a typical ladder profile of a smooth-type lps. on the other hand, b. bronchiseptica and h. parasuis lpss lacked the ladder profiles. it was found that the biological activity ... | 1999 | 10651044 |
| application of 16s rrna gene sequencing to identify bordetella hinzii as the causative agent of fatal septicemia. | we report on the first case of fatal septicemia caused by bordetella hinzii. the causative organism exhibited a biochemical profile identical to that of bordetella avium with three commercial identification systems (api 20e, api 20 ne, and vitek gni+ card). however, its cellular fatty acid profile was not typical for either b. avium or previously reported strains of b. hinzii. presumptive identification of the patient's isolate was accomplished by traditional biochemical testing, and definitive ... | 2000 | 10655386 |
| presence of type iii secretion genes in burkholderia pseudomallei correlates with ara(-) phenotypes. | dot blot hybridization and pcr amplification of 14 ara(+) and 8 ara(-) burkholderia pseudomallei strains showed that type iii secretion (tts) genes were present in all the ara(-) strains but absent from all but one of the ara(+) strains. the link between tts genes and an ara(-) phenotype suggests a role for tts in virulence. | 2000 | 10655407 |
| nosocomial transmission of bordetella bronchiseptica. | 1999 | 10658816 | |
| disease patterns in field and bank vole populations during a cyclic decline in central finland. | declining field vole (microtus agrestis) and bank vole (clethrionomys glareolus) populations were sampled (117 field voles and 34 bank voles) in south-central finland during the winter of 1988-89. the last surviving field voles were caught in april and bank voles in february. a subsample (16) of the april field voles were taken live to the laboratory for immunosuppression. the histopathology of the main internal organs and the presence of aerobic bacteria and certain parasites were studied. in t ... | 2000 | 10670697 |
| activation of rho through a cross-link with polyamines catalyzed by bordetella dermonecrotizing toxin. | the small gtpase rho, which regulates a variety of cell functions, also serves as a specific substrate for bacterial toxins. here we demonstrate that bordetella dermonecrotizing toxin (dnt) catalyzes cross-linking of rho with ubiquitous polyamines such as putrescine, spermidine and spermine. mass spectrometric analyses revealed that the cross-link occurred at gln63, which had been reported to be deamidated by dnt in the absence of polyamines. rac1 and cdc42, other members of the rho family gtpas ... | 2000 | 10675321 |
| bordetella bronchiseptica infection in cats following contact with infected dogs. | 2000 | 10678811 | |
| bordetella pertussis virulence factors affect phagocytosis by human neutrophils. | the interaction between human neutrophils and wild-type bordetella pertussis or mutants expressing altered lipopolysaccharide or lacking virulence factors-pertussis toxin, adenylate cyclase toxin, dermonecrotic toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin (fha), pertactin, or brka-was examined. in the absence of antibodies, the wild-type strain and the mutants, with the exception of mutants lacking fha, attached efficiently to neutrophils. the addition of opsonizing antibodies caused a significant reduction ... | 2000 | 10679000 |
| evaluation of autoscan-w/a and the vitek gni+ automicrobic system for identification of non-glucose-fermenting gram-negative bacilli. | the autoscan-w/a (w/a; dade behring microscan inc., west sacramento, calif.) and vitek automicrobic system (vitek ams; biomérieux vitek systems, inc., hazelwood, mo.) are both fully automated microbiology systems. we evaluated the accuracy of these two systems in identifying nonglucose-fermenting gram-negative bacilli. we used the w/a with conventional-panel neg combo type 12 and vitek gni+ identification systems. a total of 301 isolates from 25 different species were tested. of these, 299 isola ... | 2000 | 10699007 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of canine bordetella bronchiseptica isolates. | the antimicrobial sensitivities of 78 recent (1995-1998) canine isolates of bordetella bronchiseptica from 13 separate sources were determined. minimum inhibitory concentrations were assessed using the e-test method or by agar dilution. all 78 isolates were sensitive to tetracycline, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, and amoxycillin/clavulanic acid; the majority were sensitive to ampicillin (63/78; 81%), trimethoprim (57/78; 73%), and sulphadiazine (63/78; 81%). plasmids were detected in 14 out of the ... | 2000 | 10703703 |
| modulation of host immune responses, induction of apoptosis and inhibition of nf-kappab activation by the bordetella type iii secretion system. | bordetella bronchiseptica establishes respiratory tract infections in laboratory animals with high efficiency. colonization persists for the life of the animal and infection is usually asymptomatic in immunocompetent hosts. we hypothesize that this reflects a balance between immunostimulatory events associated with infection and immunomodulatory events mediated by the bacteria. we have identified 15 loci that are part of a type iii secretion apparatus in b. bronchiseptica and three secreted prot ... | 2000 | 10712682 |
| infectious agents associated with rabbit pneumonia: isolation of amyxomatous myxoma virus strains. | sixty-six rabbits, with no history of vaccination against myxomatosis and which had died of pulmonary lesions, were submitted for virological and serological tests for myxoma virus (mv) infection and for bacteriological examinations. at post mortem, the diagnoses based on observed lesions were as follows: acute haemorrhagic pneumonia (38%); acute suppurative bronchopneumonia (35%); and fibrinohaemorrhagic bronchopneumonia with fibrinous pleuritis (27%). mv was isolated from 10% of the rabbits, m ... | 2000 | 10712805 |
| identification of two novel hrp-associated genes in the hrp gene cluster of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | we have cloned a hrp gene cluster from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. bacteria with mutations in the hrp region have reduced growth in rice leaves and lose the ability to elicit a hypersensitive response (hr) on the appropriate resistant cultivars of rice and the nonhost plant tomato. a 12,165-bp portion of nucleotide sequence from the presumed left end and extending through the hrpb operon was determined. the region was most similar to hrp genes from xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria and r ... | 2000 | 10714988 |
| multiple factors independently regulate hila and invasion gene expression in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | hila activates the expression of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium invasion genes. to learn more about regulation of hila, we isolated tn5 mutants exhibiting reduced hila and/or invasion gene expression. in addition to expected mutations, we identified tn5 insertions in psts, fadd, flhd, flhc, and flia. analysis of the psts mutant indicates that hila and invasion genes are repressed by the response regulator phob in the absence of the pst high-affinity inorganic phosphate uptake system. th ... | 2000 | 10714991 |
| isolation and characterization of vich, encoding a new pleiotropic regulator in vibrio cholerae. | during the last decade, the hns gene and its product, the h-ns protein, have been extensively studied in escherichia coli. h-ns-like proteins seem to be widespread in gram-negative bacteria. however, unlike in e. coli and in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, little is known about their role in the physiology of those organisms. in this report, we describe the isolation of vich, an hns-like gene in vibrio cholerae, the etiological agent of cholera. this gene was isolated from a v. cholerae ... | 2000 | 10715012 |
| bordetella pertussis tonb, a bvg-independent virulence determinant. | in gram-negative bacteria, high-affinity iron uptake requires the tonb/exbb/exbd envelope complex to release iron chelates from their specific outer membrane receptors into the periplasm. based on sequence similarities, the bordetella pertussis tonb exbb exbd locus was identified on a cloned dna fragment. the tight organization of the three genes suggests that they are cotranscribed. a putative fur-binding sequence located upstream from tonb was detected in a fur titration assay, indicating that ... | 2000 | 10722583 |
| role of adhesins and toxins in invasion of human tracheal epithelial cells by bordetella pertussis. | bordetella pertussis, the agent of whooping cough, can invade and survive in several types of eukaryotic cell, including cho, hela 229, and hep-2 cells and macrophages. in this study, we analyzed bacterial invasiveness in nonrespiratory human hela epithelial cells and human hte and hae0 tracheal epithelial cells. invasion assays and transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that b. pertussis strains invaded and survived, without multiplying, in hte or hae0 cells. this phenomenon was bvg r ... | 2000 | 10722585 |
| role of bordetella bronchiseptica fimbriae in tracheal colonization and development of a humoral immune response. | fimbriae are filamentous, cell surface structures which have been proposed to mediate attachment of bordetella species to respiratory epithelium. bordetella bronchiseptica has four known fimbrial genes: fim2, fim3, fimx, and fima. while these genes are unlinked on the chromosome, their protein products are assembled and secreted by a single apparatus encoded by the fimbcd locus. the fimbcd locus is embedded within the fha operon, whose genes encode another putative adhesin, filamentous hemagglut ... | 2000 | 10722598 |
| detection of type iii secretion system genes in animal isolates of bordetella bronchiseptica. | a cosmid clone bank of bordetella bronchiseptica genomic dna was screened for the presence of type iii secretion (tts) genes using a probe derived from the tts system genes of ralstonia solanacearum. a 3.35kb psti fragment, sub-cloned from a hybridising cosmid clone, was sequenced and found to contain a 97bp overlap with the previously reported b. bronchiseptica bscijklno tts gene cluster. dna and predicted protein homology analysis suggests that a bscpqrst cluster lies immediately downstream of ... | 2000 | 10727842 |
| effect of temperature modulation and bvg mutation of bordetella bronchiseptica on adhesion, intracellular survival and cytotoxicity for swine alveolar macrophages. | bordetella bronchiseptica causes respiratory disease in swine, yet there are no studies examining the interaction of b. bronchiseptica with swine alveolar macrophages. a swine isolate of b. bronchiseptica was able to adhere to, and survive intracellularly in, swine alveolar macrophages, but the relative ability of the bacteria to accomplish these functions was dependent on its phenotypic phase and culture conditions. more bacteria were observed extracellularly as well as intracellularly by immun ... | 2000 | 10731613 |
| molecular characterization of two-component systems of helicobacter pylori. | two-component systems are frequently involved in the adaptation of bacteria to changing environmental conditions at the level of transcriptional regulation. here we report the characterization of members of the two-component systems of the gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori deduced from the genome sequence of strain 26695. we demonstrate that the response regulators hp166, hp1043, and hp1021 have essential functions, as disruption of the corresponding genes is lethal for the bacteria, irrespec ... | 2000 | 10735847 |
| diagnosis and differentiation of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and mycoplasma hyorhinis infections in pigs by pcr amplification of the p36 and p46 genes. | the genome of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae encodes several immunodominant proteins, including a cytosolic protein (p36), three membranous proteins (p46, p65, and p74), and an adhesin (p97). cross-reactions with m. flocculare and m. hyorhinis reduce the specificity of conventional serological detection methods. however, certain antigenic determinants of the p36 and p46 proteins have been shown to be specific for m. hyopneumoniae. in the present study, pairs of oligonucleotide primers were designed to ... | 2000 | 10747113 |
| role of manganese-containing superoxide dismutase in oxidative stress and virulence of streptococcus pneumoniae. | streptococcus pneumoniae was shown to contain two types of superoxide dismutase, mnsod and fesod. levels of mnsod increased during growth in an aerobic environment. the soda gene, encoding mnsod, of virulent s. pneumoniae type 2 strain d39 was inactivated to give mutant d39hy1. aerobically, d39hy1 had a lower growth rate than the wild type and exhibited susceptibility to the redox-active compound paraquat, but anaerobic growth of d39hy1 was identical to that of the wild type. virulence studies s ... | 2000 | 10768978 |
| interaction of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium with dendritic cells is defined by targeting to compartments lacking lysosomal membrane glycoproteins. | dendritic cells (dcs) play a central role in the generation of acquired immunity to infections by pathogenic microorganisms. salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium is known to survive and proliferate intracellularly within macrophages and nonphagocytic cells, but no data exist on how this pathogen interacts with dcs. in this report, we show the capacity of serotype typhimurium to survive within the established mouse dc line cb1. in contrast to the case for the macrophage model, the compartment ... | 2000 | 10768999 |
| detection of legionella species in respiratory specimens using pcr with sequencing confirmation. | legionella spp. are a common cause of community-acquired respiratory tract infections and an occasional cause of nosocomial pneumonia. a pcr method for the detection of legionellae in respiratory samples was evaluated and was compared to culture. the procedure can be performed in 6 to 8 h with a commercially available dna extraction kit (qiagen, valencia, calif.) and by pcr with gel detection. pcr is performed with primers previously determined to amplify a 386-bp product within the 16s rrna gen ... | 2000 | 10790085 |
| the p21 rho-activating toxin cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 is endocytosed by a clathrin-independent mechanism and enters the cytosol by an acidic-dependent membrane translocation step. | cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (cnf1), a protein produced by pathogenic strains of escherichia coli, activates the p21 rho-gtp-binding protein, inducing a profound reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. cnf1 binds to its cell surface receptor on hep-2 cells with high affinity (k(d) = 20 pm). in hep-2 cells the action of cnf1 is not blocked in the presence of filipin, a drug described to reduce cholera toxin internalization by the caveolae-like mechanism. moreover, hep-2 cells, which express a ... | 2000 | 10793151 |
| association of bronchopneumonia with sinusitis due to bordetella bronchiseptica in an experimental rabbit model. | an animal model for rhinogenic sinusitis was developed in rabbits naturally colonized with bordetella bronchiseptica. it was found that ostial occlusion predisposes the sinus to invasion with this opportunistic bacterium and subsequent sinusitis as a result of reduced local host defense. in addition to the inflammatory lesions in the sinus, bronchitis and pneumonia were found in 84% of the experimental rabbits, suggesting that ostial dysfunction can also contribute to infectious disease of the l ... | 2000 | 10793917 |
| characterization of fimy as a coactivator of type 1 fimbrial expression in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | type 1 fimbriae of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium are surface appendages that carry adhesins specific for mannosylated host glycoconjugates. regulation of the major fimbrial subunit is thought to be controlled by a number of ancillary fim genes, including fimz, fimy, fimw, and fimu. previous studies using a fimz mutant have indicated that this protein is necessary for fima expression, and in vitro dna binding assays determined that fimz is a transcriptional activator that binds directly ... | 2000 | 10816478 |
| identification of a human lactoferrin-binding protein in gardnerella vaginalis. | previous studies have shown that gardnerella vaginalis can utilize iron-loaded human lactoferrin as a sole source of iron. in this study, g. vaginalis cells were shown to bind digoxigenin (dig)-labeled human lactoferrin in a dot blot assay. using the dig-labeled human lactoferrin, a 120-kda human lactoferrin-binding protein was detected by western blot analysis of g. vaginalis proteins. the lactoferrin-binding activity of this protein was found to be heat stable. competition studies indicated th ... | 2000 | 10816496 |
| use of pertussis toxin encoded by ptx genes from bordetella bronchiseptica to model the effects of antigenic drift of pertussis toxin on antibody neutralization. | recently, concern has been voiced about the potential effect that antigenic divergence of circulating strains of bordetella pertussis might have on the efficacy of pertussis vaccines. in order to model antigenic drift of pertussis toxin, a critical component of many pertussis vaccines, and to examine the effects of such drift on antibody neutralization, we engineered a strain of b. pertussis to produce a variant pertussis toxin molecule that contains many of the amino acid changes found in the t ... | 2000 | 10816544 |
| in vitro activity of difloxacin against canine bacterial isolates. | the in vitro activity of difloxacin against canine bacterial isolates from clinical cases was studied in the united states and the netherlands. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic), the postantibiotic effect, the effect of ph on antimicrobial activity, and the bacterial killing rate tests were determined according to standard techniques. the mics of american and dutch isolates agreed in general. the mics of the american gram-negative isolates ranged from 0.06 to 2.0 microg/ml, and the mics of ... | 2000 | 10826834 |
| molecular characterization of bordetella bronchiseptica filamentous haemagglutinin and its secretion machinery. | two closely related pathogens, bordetella pertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica, share a number of virulence factors. filamentous haemagglutinin (fha) is widely regarded as the dominant adhesin of b. pertussis, and its multiple binding activities have been well characterized. this large protein is produced and secreted at high levels by b. pertussis and significantly lower levels by b. bronchiseptica strains. fha secretion is mediated by a single outer-membrane accessory protein, fhac. the gen ... | 2000 | 10832649 |
| recovery of bordetella holmesii from patients with pertussis-like symptoms: use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to characterize circulating strains. | a 4-year retrospective study showing that we isolated bordetella holmesii, but not bordetella pertussis, from patients with pertussis-like symptoms was performed. from 1995 through 1998, we isolated b. holmesii from 32 nasopharyngeal specimens that had been submitted from patients suspected of having pertussis. previously, b. holmesii had been associated mainly with septicemia and was not thought to be associated with respiratory illness. a study was undertaken to describe the characteristics of ... | 2000 | 10834997 |
| evidence for a signaling system in helicobacter pylori: detection of a luxs-encoded autoinducer. | helicobacter pylori possesses a homolog of the luxs gene, initially identified by its role in autoinducer production for the quorum-sensing system 2 in vibrio harveyi. the genomes of several other species of bacteria, notably escherichia coli, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, and vibrio cholerae, also include luxs homologs. all of these bacteria have been shown to produce active autoinducers capable of stimulating the expression of the luciferase operon in v. harveyi. in this report, we ... | 2000 | 10850976 |
| genetic and environmental factors affecting t-pilin export and t-pilus biogenesis in relation to flagellation of agrobacterium tumefaciens. | the t pilus, primarily composed of cyclic t-pilin subunits, is essential for the transmission of the ti-plasmid t-dna from agrobacterium tumefaciens to plant cells. although the virb2 gene of the 11-gene virb operon was previously demonstrated to encode the full-length propilin, and other genes of this operon have been implicated as members of a conserved transmembrane transport apparatus, the role of each virb gene in t-pilin synthesis and transport and t-pilus biogenesis remained undefined. in ... | 2000 | 10850985 |
| importance of holotoxin assembly in ptl-mediated secretion of pertussis toxin from bordetella pertussis. | we examined the structural components of pertussis toxin that are required for efficient export from bordetella pertussis via the ptl system, a member of the type iv family of macromolecular transporters. first, we constructed a strain of b. pertussis that contains a functional ptl system but does not produce pertussis toxin. plasmids which express either the s1 subunit or the b oligomer were then introduced into this strain. we found that the b oligomer of the toxin is not secreted in the absen ... | 2000 | 10858221 |
| the structure of the carbohydrate backbone of the lipopolysaccharides from bordetella hinzii and bordetella bronchiseptica. | the structure of the core-lipid a region of the lipopolysaccharides from bordetella hinzii and bordetella bronchiseptica has been analyzed. lipopolysaccharides were deacylated using strong alkaline hydrolysis, the products were separated by high performance anion-exchange chromatography and analyzed by nmr and mass spectrometry. the following structure of the products can be deduced from the experimental results: where for the product from bordetella hinzii n = h, r = h, beta-fucn4n- or partiall ... | 2000 | 10880983 |
| fatal pneumonia due to bordetella bronchiseptica. | 2000 | 10892400 | |
| simultaneous identification of two cyclohexanone oxidation genes from an environmental brevibacterium isolate using mrna differential display. | the technique of mrna differential display was used to identify simultaneously two metabolic genes involved in the degradation of cyclohexanone in a new halotolerant brevibacterium environmental isolate. in a strategy based only on the knowledge that cyclohexanone oxidation was inducible in this strain, the mrna population of cells exposed to cyclohexanone was compared to that of control cells using reverse transcription-pcr reactions primed with a collection of 81 arbitrary oligonucleotides. th ... | 2000 | 10894733 |
| differential modulation and subsequent blockade of mitogenic signaling and cell cycle progression by pasteurella multocida toxin. | the intracellularly acting protein toxin of pasteurella multocida (pmt) causes numerous effects in cells, including activation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (ip(3)) signaling, ca(2+) mobilization, protein phosphorylation, morphological changes, and dna synthesis. the direct intracellular target of pmt responsible for activation of the ip(3) pathway is the g(q/11)alpha-protein, which stimulates phospholipase c (plc) beta1. the relationship between pmt-mediated activation of the g(q/11)-plc-ip(3 ... | 2000 | 10899852 |
| role of phosphoglucomutase of bordetella bronchiseptica in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and virulence. | the phosphoglucomutase (pgm)-encoding gene of bordetella bronchiseptica is required for lipopolysaccharide (lps) biosynthesis. an insertion mutant of the wild-type b. bronchiseptica strain bb7865 which disrupted lps biosynthesis was created and characterized (bb7865pgm). genetic analysis of the mutated gene showed it shares high identity with pgm genes of various bacterial species and forms part of an operon which also encompasses the gene encoding phosphoglucose isomerase. functional assays for ... | 2000 | 10899872 |
| polymorphism of repeated regions of pertactin in bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis, and bordetella bronchiseptica. | pertactin is an outer membrane protein expressed by bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis, and bordetella bronchiseptica that induces protective immunity to bordetella infections. the immunodominant and immunoprotective epitopes of pertactin include two repeated regions, i and ii. comparison of these two repeated regions showed that b. parapertussis pertactin is invariant, whereas b. pertussis pertactin varies mostly in region i and b. bronchiseptica pertactin varies in both repeated re ... | 2000 | 10899896 |
| 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (kdo) transferase of legionella pneumophila transfers two kdo residues to a structurally different lipid a precursor of escherichia coli. | the 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (kdo) transferase gene of legionella pneumophila was cloned and sequenced. despite remarkable structural differences in lipid a, the gene complemented a corresponding escherichia coli mutant and was shown to encode a bifunctional enzyme which transferred 2 kdo residues to a lipid a acceptor of e. coli. | 2000 | 10913104 |
| bacterial type iv secretion: conjugation systems adapted to deliver effector molecules to host cells. | several bacterial pathogens utilize conjugation machines to export effector molecules during infection. such systems are members of the type iv or 'adapted conjugation' secretion family. the prototypical type iv system is the agrobacterium tumefaciens t-dna transfer machine, which delivers oncogenic nucleoprotein particles to plant cells. other pathogens, including bordetella pertussis, legionella pneumophila, brucellaspp. and helicobacter pylori, use type iv machines to export effector proteins ... | 2000 | 10920394 |
| supramolecular structure of the shigella type iii secretion machinery: the needle part is changeable in length and essential for delivery of effectors. | we investigated the supramolecular structure of the shigella: type iii secretion machinery including its major components. our results indicated that the machinery was composed of needle and basal parts with respective lengths of 45.4 +/- 3.3 and 31.6 +/- 0.3 nm, and contained mxid, mxig, mxij and mxih. spa47, encoding a putative f(1)-type atpase, was required for the secretion of effector proteins via the type iii system and was involved in the formation of the needle. the spa47 mutant produced ... | 2000 | 10921870 |
| a role for lipopolysaccharide in turkey tracheal colonization by bordetella avium as demonstrated in vivo and in vitro. | we isolated two insertion mutants of bordetella avium that exhibited a peculiar clumped-growth phenotype and found them to be attenuated in turkey tracheal colonization. the mutants contained transposon insertions in homologues of the wlba and wlbl genes of bordetella pertussis. the wlb genetic locus of b. pertussis has been previously described as containing 12 genes involved in lipopolysaccharide (lps) biosynthesis. polyacrylamide gel analysis of lps from b. avium wlba and wlbl insertion mutan ... | 2000 | 10931292 |
| up-regulation of both intimin and eae-independent adherence of shiga toxigenic escherichia coli o157 by ler and phenotypic impact of a naturally occurring ler mutation. | shiga toxigenic escherichia coli (stec) strains are important human pathogens which are capable of causing diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and the potentially fatal hemolytic-uremic syndrome (hus). an important virulence trait of certain stec strains, such as those belonging to serogroup o157, is the capacity to produce attaching and effacing (a/e) lesions on enterocytes, a property encoded by the locus for enterocyte effacement (lee). lee contains the eae gene, which encodes intimin, an outer me ... | 2000 | 10948164 |
| effects of intranasal inoculation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, bordetella bronchiseptica, or a combination of both organisms in pigs. | to examine effects of co-infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and bordetella bronchiseptica in pigs. | 2000 | 10951978 |
| comparative in vitro activities of abt-773 against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft-tissue animal and human bite wound infections. | we studied the comparative in vitro activities of abt-773, a new ketolide, against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic recent isolates from clinical bites using an agar dilution method and inocula of 10(4) cfu/spot for aerobes and 10(5) cfu for anaerobes. the following are the mic ranges and mics at which 90% of isolates are inhibited (mic(90)s) of abt-773 for various isolates, respectively: pasteurella multocida and pasteurella septica, 0.125 to 2 and 1 microg/ml; other pasteurella species, 0.125 to ... | 2000 | 10952607 |
| [severe pneumonia caused by bordetella bronchiseptica]. | bordetella bronchiseptica rarely causes disease in man, and is an unusual pathogen in animals. it causes a pertussis-like syndrome, but pneumonia and sepsis have been described in the immunocompromised as well as in the immunocompetent. a 53-year-old man with adult-onset diabetes and healed pulmonary tuberculosis presented with lobar pneumonia and rapidly developed septic shock with adult respiratory distress syndrome. he responded well to the combination of piperacillin-tazobactam. | 1999 | 10959317 |
| phenotypic and genotypic diversity of the flagellin gene (flic) among clostridium difficile isolates from different serogroups. | phenotypic and genotypic diversity of the flagellin gene (flic) of clostridium difficile was studied in 47 isolates from various origins belonging to the serogroups a, b, c, d, f, g, h, i, k, x, and s3. electron microscopy revealed 17 nonflagellated strains and 30 flagellated strains. pcr and reverse transcription-pcr demonstrated that the flagellin gene was present in all strains and that the flic gene was expressed in both flagellated and nonflagellated strains. southern blotting showed the pr ... | 2000 | 10970353 |
| bacteria in the leaf ecosystem with emphasis on pseudomonas syringae-a pathogen, ice nucleus, and epiphyte. | the extremely large number of leaves produced by terrestrial and aquatic plants provide habitats for colonization by a diversity of microorganisms. this review focuses on the bacterial component of leaf microbial communities, with emphasis on pseudomonas syringae-a species that participates in leaf ecosystems as a pathogen, ice nucleus, and epiphyte. among the diversity of bacteria that colonize leaves, none has received wider attention than p. syringae, as it gained notoriety for being the firs ... | 2000 | 10974129 |
| comparative in vitro activities of gar-936 against aerobic and anaerobic animal and human bite wound pathogens. | gar-936 is a new semisynthetic glycylcycline with a broad antibacterial spectrum, including tetracycline-resistant strains. the in vitro activities of gar-936, minocycline, doxycycline, tetracycline, moxifloxacin, penicillin g, and erythromycin were determined by agar dilution methods against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic strains of bacteria (including pasteurella, eikenella, moraxella, bergeyella, neisseria, ef-4, bacteroides, prevotella, porphyromonas, fusobacterium, staphylococcus, streptococ ... | 2000 | 10991855 |
| infection of human endothelial cells with bartonella bacilliformis is dependent on rho and results in activation of rho. | bartonella bacilliformis was continuously internalized into human endothelial cells beginning shortly after addition of the bacteria and continuing for at least 24 h after infection in vitro, with a major increase in uptake occurring between 16 and 24 h. preincubation of endothelial cells with c3 exoenzyme, which inactivated intracellular rho-gtpase, blocked internalization of the bacteria. addition of c3 exoenzyme at any time after addition of the bacteria blocked further internalization of bac ... | 2000 | 10992508 |
| new virulence-activated and virulence-repressed genes identified by systematic gene inactivation and generation of transcriptional fusions in bordetella pertussis. | an in silico scan of the partially completed genome sequence of bordetella pertussis and analyses of transcriptional fusions generated with a new integrational vector were used to identify new potential virulence genes. the genes encoding a putative siderophore receptor, adhesins, and an autotransporter protein appeared to be regulated in a manner similar to bordetella virulence genes by the global virulence regulator bvgas. in contrast, the gene encoding a putative intimin-like protein appeared ... | 2000 | 11004193 |
| transfer of palmitate from phospholipids to lipid a in outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria. | regulated covalent modifications of lipid a are implicated in virulence of pathogenic gram-negative bacteria. the salmonella typhimurium phop/phoq-activated gene pagp is required both for biosynthesis of hepta-acylated lipid a species containing palmitate and for resistance to cationic anti-microbial peptides. palmitoylated lipid a can also function as an endotoxin antagonist. we now show that pagp and its escherichia coli homolog (crca) encode an unusual enzyme of lipid a biosynthesis localized ... | 2000 | 11013210 |
| discovery, purification, and characterization of a temperate transducing bacteriophage for bordetella avium. | we discovered and characterized a temperate transducing bacteriophage (ba1) for the avian respiratory pathogen bordetella avium. ba1 was initially identified along with one other phage (ba2) following screening of four strains of b. avium for lysogeny. of the two phage, only ba1 showed the ability to transduce via an allelic replacement mechanism and was studied further. with regard to host range, ba1 grew on six of nine clinical isolates of b. avium but failed to grow on any tested strains of b ... | 2000 | 11029434 |
| nonspecific adherence by actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans requires genes widespread in bacteria and archaea. | the gram-negative coccobacillus, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, is the putative agent for localized juvenile periodontitis, a particularly destructive form of periodontal disease in adolescents. this bacterium has also been isolated from a variety of other infections, notably endocarditis. fresh clinical isolates of a. actinomycetemcomitans form tenacious biofilms, a property likely to be critical for colonization of teeth and other surfaces. here we report the identification of a locus o ... | 2000 | 11029439 |
| pseudobactin biogenesis in the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium pseudomonas strain b10: identification and functional analysis of the l-ornithine n(5)-oxygenase (psba) gene. | pseudobactin(b10), the fluorescent siderophore produced by the rhizobacterium pseudomonas strain b10, contains the hydroxamate ligand d-n(5)-hydroxyornithine (d-n(5)-oh-orn). we cloned the l-orn n(5)-oxygenase (psba) gene from a genomic library of pseudomonas strain b10 and demonstrated that psba is involved in the conversion of l-orn to its n(5)-oh derivative. psba shows significant similarity to microbial omega-amino acid hydroxylases containing flavin adenine dinucleotide and nadp cofactor-bi ... | 2000 | 11029447 |
| characterization of sepl of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli. | the sepl gene is expressed in the locus of enterocyte effacement and therefore is most likely implicated in the attaching and effacing process, as are the products encoded by open reading frames located up- and downstream of this gene. in this study, the sepl gene of the enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) strain edl933 was analyzed and the corresponding polypeptide was characterized. we found that sepl is transcribed monocistronically and independently from the esp operon located downstre ... | 2000 | 11053395 |
| characterization of fimn, a new bordetella bronchiseptica major fimbrial subunit gene. | fimbrial proteins play an important role in the binding of bordetella bronchiseptica to mammalian cells, an event that is key to the pathogenesis of this organism. the fimbrial phenotype of b. bronchiseptica isolates is usually defined serologically by fim2 and fim3 antigens. in this study, a previously unidentified fimbrial gene, fimn, was cloned and sequenced. the identity of fimn is based on several observations. the predicted fimn protein has 59.4 and 52. 2% homology with b. bronchiseptica f ... | 2000 | 11054544 |
| multiple roles for bordetella lipopolysaccharide molecules during respiratory tract infection. | bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis, and bordetella bronchiseptica are closely related subspecies that cause respiratory tract infections in humans and other mammals and express many similar virulence factors. their lipopolysaccharide (lps) molecules differ, containing either a complex trisaccharide (b. pertussis), a trisaccharide plus an o-antigen-like repeat (b. bronchiseptica), or an altered trisaccharide plus an o-antigen-like repeat (b. parapertussis). deletion of the wlb locus r ... | 2000 | 11083787 |
| phagosome acidification has opposite effects on intracellular survival of bordetella pertussis and b. bronchiseptica. | bordetella pertussis is readily killed after uptake by professional phagocytes, whereas its close relative bordetella bronchiseptica is not and can persist intracellularly for days. phagocytosis of members of either species by a mouse macrophage cell line results in transport of the bacteria to a phagosomal compartment positive for the lysosome-associated membrane protein 1, the protease cathepsin d, and the late endosomal vacuolar proton-pumping atpase but negative for the early endosome antige ... | 2000 | 11083829 |
| neutralizing antibodies to adenylate cyclase toxin promote phagocytosis of bordetella pertussis by human neutrophils. | a previous study showed that opsonization with human immune serum could either promote or antagonize phagocytosis of bordetella pertussis by human neutrophils depending on whether the bacteria expressed adenylate cyclase toxin. opsonization of the wild-type strain inhibited phagocytosis relative to unopsonized controls. in contrast, mutants lacking adenylate cyclase toxin were efficiently phagocytosed when opsonized with human immune serum. in this study, we examined opsonization in the presence ... | 2000 | 11083845 |
| chemical and serological characterization of the bordetella hinzii lipopolysaccharides. | bordetella hinzii has recently been isolated from immunocompromised human hosts. the polysaccharides isolated from its endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, lps) were investigated using chemical analyses, nmr, gas-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and mass spectrometry by plasma desorption, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization and electrospray. the following structure for the o-chain-free lps was deduced from the experimental results: carbohydrate structure [see text] mass spectrometry and ... | 2000 | 11086162 |
| the transcriptional responses of respiratory epithelial cells to bordetella pertussis reveal host defensive and pathogen counter-defensive strategies. | bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, has many well-studied virulence factors and a characteristic clinical presentation. despite this information, it is not clear how b. pertussis interaction with host cells leads to disease. in this study, we examined the interaction of b. pertussis with a human bronchial epithelial cell line (beas-2b) and measured host transcriptional profiles by using high-density dna microarrays. the early transcriptional response to this pathogen is ... | 2000 | 11087813 |
| composition of soil microbial communities enriched on a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons. | soil contaminated with c5+, which contained benzene (45%, wt/wt), dicyclopentadiene (dcpd) plus cyclopentadiene (together 20%), toluene (6%), styrene (3%), xylenes (2%), naphthalene (2%), and smaller quantities of other compounds, served as the source for isolation of 55 genomically distinct bacteria (standards). use of benzene as a substrate by these bacteria was most widespread (31 of 44 standards tested), followed by toluene (23 of 44), xylenes (14 of 44), styrene (10 of 44), and naphthalene ... | 2000 | 11097903 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis discriminates bordetella bronchiseptica isolates. | one hundred ninety-five bordetella bronchiseptica isolates from 12 different host species worldwide were characterized by restriction enzyme analysis (rea). these isolates had previously been categorized into 19 pvuii ribotypes. twenty restriction endonucleases were evaluated for use in rea. digestion of chromosomal dna with hinfi, followed by submarine electrophoresis in agarose gels and staining with ethidium bromide, produced dna fragments in the 4.0- to 10-kb range, which readily discriminat ... | 2000 | 11101569 |
| rapid-cycle pcr method to detect bordetella pertussis that fulfills all consensus recommendations for use of pcr in diagnosis of pertussis. | no standardized pcr method is available for the laboratory diagnosis of the pertussis syndrome. consensus recommendations for the use of pcr in the diagnosis of bordetella pertussis infections have been proposed, and the aim of this study was to develop a method that fulfills all of these criteria. a rapid-cycle shared-primer pcr method with a microwell format and probe hybridization detection step (por) was developed using novel oligonucleotides targeted to the outer membrane porin gene (bordet ... | 2000 | 11101586 |
| the structure of the nonreducing terminal groups in the o-specific polysaccharides from two strains of bordetella bronchiseptica. | the structures of the polysaccharide chains of the lps from bordetella bronchiseptica strains 110h and bp512 were analysed by nmr spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. the polysaccharides consist of alpha-(1-4)-linked 2,3-diacetamido-2,3-dideoxy-l-galacturonic acid repeating units. polysaccharides from both strains have 2,3, 4-triamino-2,3,4-trideoxy-alpha-galacturonamide derivatives at their nonreducing ends, a monosaccharide identified for the first time in nature. the polymers from the two stra ... | 2000 | 11106436 |