Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in infections of copd patients. | a key characteristic of airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is the persistent presence of bacteria in the lower airways. the most commonly isolated bacteria in the lower respiratory tract of copd patients are nontypeable haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis and streptococcus pneumoniae, with growing evidence of the significance of pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in severe copd disease. this review focuses on the antibiotic resistant mechanisms associate ... | 2011 | 21194403 |
| immune evasion of moraxella catarrhalis involves ubiquitous surface protein a-dependent c3d binding. | the complement system plays an important role in eliminating invading pathogens. activation of complement results in c3b deposition (opsonization), phagocytosis, anaphylatoxin (c3a, c5a) release, and consequently cell lysis. moraxella catarrhalis is a human respiratory pathogen commonly found in children with otitis media and in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. the species has evolved multiple complement evasion strategies, which among others involves the ubiquitous surface pro ... | 2011 | 21270401 |
| a multicentre surveillance study on the characteristics, bacterial aetiologies and in vitro antibiotic susceptibilities in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | antimicrobial resistance is a global problem and the prevalence is high in many asian countries. | 2011 | 21299688 |
| antibiogram pattern of moraxella catarrhalis isolates in acute exacerbation chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | 2011 | 21346354 | |
| effects of bacterial infection on airway antimicrobial peptides and proteins in copd. | pathogenic bacteria colonize the airways of 30% to 40% of patients with copd and cause approximately 50% of exacerbations. new strains of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) and moraxella catarrhalis are associated with exacerbations. antimicrobial protein/peptides (amps) play important roles in innate lung defense against pathogens. to our knowledge, the changes in amp baseline levels in respiratory secretions during bacterial colonization and exacerbation have not been described. the obj ... | 2011 | 21349930 |
| intragenomic and intraspecific heterogeneity of the 16s rrna gene in seven bacterial species from the respiratory tract of cystic fibrosis patients assessed by pcr-temporal temperature gel electrophoresis. | 16s rrna gene-based cultivation-independent methods are increasingly used to study the diversity of microbiota during health and disease. one bias of these methods is the variability of 16s rrna gene that may exist among strains of a same species (intraspecific heterogeneity) or between rrs copies in a genome (intragenomic heterogeneity). we evaluated the level of intraspecific and intragenomic 16s rdna variability in seven species frequently encountered in respiratory tract samples in cystic fi ... | 2011 | 21621347 |
| clinical and microbiological evaluation of hemodialysis-associated pneumonia (hdap): should hdap be included in healthcare-associated pneumonia? | although hemodialysis-associated pneumonia (hdap) was included among the healthcare-associated pneumonias (hcap) in the 2005 american thoracic society (ats)/infectious diseases society of america (idsa) guideline, little information relevant to clinical epidemiology, especially microbiological characteristics, is available. this study aimed to reveal microbiological characteristics and clinical outcomes of hdap and to assess whether hdap should be included in the hcap category. we retrospectivel ... | 2011 | 21369775 |
| variability and diversity of nasopharyngeal microbiota in children: a metagenomic analysis. | the nasopharynx is the ecological niche for many commensal bacteria and for potential respiratory or invasive pathogens like streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and neisseria meningitidis. disturbance of a balanced nasopharyngeal (np) microbiome might be involved in the onset of symptomatic infections with these pathogens, which occurs primarily in fall and winter. it is unknown whether seasonal infection patterns are associated with concomitant changes in np microbiota. as young c ... | 2011 | 21386965 |
| nationwide surveillance of bacterial respiratory pathogens conducted by the japanese society of chemotherapy in 2008: general view of the pathogens' antibacterial susceptibility. | for the purpose of nationwide surveillance of the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial respiratory pathogens collected from patients in japan, the japanese society of chemotherapy conducted a third year of nationwide surveillance during the period from january to april 2008. a total of 1,097 strains were collected from clinical specimens obtained from well-diagnosed adult patients with respiratory tract infections. susceptibility testing was evaluable with 987 strains (189 staphylococcus au ... | 2011 | 21409533 |
| ceftaroline: a comprehensive update. | ceftaroline is a novel broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic currently under us food and drug administration (fda) review for a new drug application (nda), filed by cerexa, inc. (a wholly owned subsidiary of forest laboratories), for the treatment of complicated skin and skin-structure infections (csssis) and community-associated pneumonia (cap). the antibiotic acts by binding to penicillin-binding proteins in bacteria, consistent with other ß-lactams. the antimicrobial spectrum of ceftaroline ... | 2011 | 21420284 |
| diagnostic utility of flexible bronchoscopy in recipients of solid organ transplants. | solid organ transplant (sot) recipients are prone to develop pulmonary complications (pc) due to their immunocompromised state. flexible bronchoscopy (fb) is frequently performed to diagnose the nature of these complications. the aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of fb in sot recipients with suspected pc. | 2011 | 21440756 |
| the moraxella catarrhalis nitric oxide reductase is essential for nitric oxide detoxification. | moraxella catarrhalis is a gram-negative obligate aerobe that is an important cause of human respiratory tract infections. the m. catarrhalis genome encodes a predicted truncated denitrification pathway that reduces nitrate to nitrous oxide. we have previously shown that expression of both the m. catarrhalis ania (encoding a nitrite reductase) and norb (encoding a putative nitric oxide reductase) genes is repressed by the transcriptional regulator nsrr under aerobic conditions and that m. catarr ... | 2011 | 21441505 |
| airway microbiology and host defences in paediatric non-cf bronchiectasis. | bronchiectasis in children without cystic fibrosis is most common in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities. recurrent pneumonia in early childhood and defective pulmonary defences are important risk factors. these help establish a 'vicious cycle' of impaired mucociliary clearance, infection, airway inflammation and progressive lung injury. haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis and pseudomonas aeruginosa are the main infecting pathogens. h. influenzae predo ... | 2011 | 21458739 |
| in vitro and in vivo profiles of ach-702, an isothiazoloquinolone, against bacterial pathogens. | ach-702, a novel isothiazoloquinolone (itq), was assessed for antibacterial activity against a panel of gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates and found to possess broad-spectrum activity, especially against antibiotic-resistant gram-positive strains, including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). for gram-negative bacteria, ach-702 showed exceptional potency against haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and a neisseria sp. but was less active against members o ... | 2011 | 21464250 |
| clinical impact of combined viral and bacterial infection in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. | new methods for identifying respiratory pathogens have led to several reports of a high yield of mixed infections in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap). the clinical impact of these findings has, however, not been fully evaluated. we aimed to compare patients with a pure bacterial etiology with those with findings of both bacteria and virus regarding severity of illness and length of hospital stay. | 2011 | 21466255 |
| effect of medicinal plants on moraxella cattarhalis. | to determine the antimoraxella activity of ethiopian medicinal plants extracts. | 2011 | 21771437 |
| detection of microorganisms in exhaled breath condensate during acute exacerbations of copd. | summary at a glance: exhaled breath condensate (ebc) is a noninvasive method to assess airway biology. the aim of the present study was to evaluate ebc for the detection of microbial nucleic acids during acute exacerbations of copd (aecopd). bacterial nucleic acids can be identified in ebcs of copd patients with exacerbations, however, the results differed significantly from those of sputum. abstract: background and objective: one hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is colo ... | 2011 | 21470340 |
| ceftaroline fosamil: a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin. | ceftaroline fosamil, the prodrug of the active metabolite, ceftaroline, is a new, broad-spectrum cephalosporin recently approved in the usa for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (absssis) and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (cabp). ceftaroline has potent in vitro activity against gram-positive organisms, including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae, as well as common gram-negative organisms. the high affinity of cefta ... | 2011 | 21482565 |
| changing needs of community-acquired pneumonia. | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is a serious condition associated with significant morbidity and potential long-term mortality. although the majority of patients with cap are treated as outpatients, the greatest proportion of pneumonia-related mortality and healthcare expenditure occurs among the patients who are hospitalized. there has been considerable interest in determining risk factors and severity criteria assessments to assist with site-of-care decisions. for both inpatients and outpat ... | 2011 | 21482567 |
| comparative ceftaroline activity tested against pathogens associated with community-acquired pneumonia: results from an international surveillance study. | to document the spectrum of activity of ceftaroline, the active form of the prodrug, ceftaroline fosamil, a new cephalosporin with anti-methicillin-resistant staphylococcal activity, against a surveillance collection of clinical isolates obtained from the usa and europe during 2008-09. | 2011 | 21482572 |
| bacteriologic and plasmid analysis of etiologic agents of conjunctivitis in lagos, nigeria. | background: conjunctivitis, an inflammation of the conjunctiva, is one of the most common eye problems affecting all age groups in nigeria. a better understanding of its epidemiology and the antibiotic susceptibility of etiologic bacterial agents is crucial for the initiation of preventive and therapeutic measures. this study determined the distribution and patterns of bacterial infections in nigerian patients with conjunctivitis. antibiotic resistance patterns and the plasmid profiles of these ... | 2011 | 21484175 |
| bacteriological findings and antimicrobial resistance in odontogenic and non-odontogenic chronic maxillary sinusitis. | the main objectives of this study were to estimate the frequency of chronic maxillary sinusitis of dental origin, and to evaluate the microbiology of odontogenic and non-odontogenic chronic maxillary sinusitis. aspirates of 59 patients with chronic maxillary sinusitis (47 non-odontogenic, 12 odontogenic), collected during a 3-year period, were microbiologically processed for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. moreover, in the isolated bacteria the antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated. in this ... | 2011 | 21498651 |
| mutant lipooligosaccharide-based conjugate vaccine demonstrates a broad-spectrum effectiveness against moraxella catarrhalis. | there is no licensed vaccine available against moraxella catarrhalis, an exclusive human pathogen responsible for otitis media in children and respiratory infections in adults. we previously developed conjugate vaccine candidates based on lipooligosaccharides (loss) of m. catarrhalis serotypes a, b, and c, each of which was shown to cover a portion of the clinical strains. to generate conserved los antigens and eliminate a potential autoimmune response to a similar epitope between m. catarrhalis ... | 2011 | 21501641 |
| detection of bacteria in normal adult nasal cavity based on polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. | this study investigated the bacterial diversity in a normal adult nasal cavity using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-dgge) of 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene fragments and compared the results with those of a culture-based method. | 2011 | 21711966 |
| temporal development of the humoral immune response to surface antigens of moraxella catarrhalis in young infants. | the primary moraxella catarrhalis-specific humoral immune response, and its association with nasopharyngeal colonization, was studied in a cohort of infants from birth to 2 years of age. results indicated that the levels of antigen-specific igg, iga and igm showed extensive inter-individual variability over time, with igm and iga levels to all 9 recombinant domains, from 7 different omps, being relatively low throughout the study period. in contrast, the level of antigen-specific igg was signifi ... | 2011 | 21704103 |
| moraxella keratitis: risk factors, presentation, and management. | 2011 | 19930213 | |
| intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics of s-013420, a novel bicyclolide antibacterial, in healthy japanese subjects. | s-013420 (edp-420) is a novel bicyclolide (bridged bicyclic macrolide) antibacterial currently under development for the treatment of respiratory tract infections. the objective of the present study was to determine the plasma and intrapulmonary pharmacokinetic parameters of orally administered s-013420 in healthy volunteers. twenty-eight healthy japanese male subjects who never smoked were randomly allocated to seven groups of four subjects each who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) at dif ... | 2010 | 19933801 |
| new patterns in the otopathogens causing acute otitis media six to eight years after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. | to describe np and aom otopathogens during the time frame 2007 to 2009, 6 to 8 years after the introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate (pcv7) in the united states and to compare nasopharyngeal (np) colonization and acute otitis media (aom) microbiology in children 6 to 36 months of age having first and second aom episodes with children who are otitis prone. | 2010 | 19935445 |
| moraxella porci sp. nov., isolated from pigs. | nine gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, coccus-shaped bacteria were isolated from pigs affected by different pathological processes. phenotypic and genotypic methods were adopted to determine the relationships of these new isolates to recognized species of the genus moraxella. analysis of the 16s rrna gene sequences demonstrated that the clinical isolates represented a new lineage within the genus moraxella. the isolates were closely related to moraxella cuniculi and moraxella pluran ... | 2010 | 19946050 |
| [moraxella catarrhalis sepsis in a 4 month-old infant with rsv+ bronchiolitis]. | 2010 | 19955027 | |
| moraxella bovoculi and infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: cause or coincidence? | moraxella bovoculi is a recently described gram-negative coccus that was isolated from eyes of calves with infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (ibk, or "pinkeye") in 2002. this organism probably has been associated with ibk for many years and, until it was shown to be distinct from m ovis, may have been incorrectly identified as m ovis, branhamella ovis, m ovis-like, or b ovis-like by diagnostic laboratories. m bovoculi can be isolated from normal calves and cattle with ibk or conjunctivitis. ... | 2010 | 20117543 |
| bro {beta}-lactamase and antibiotic resistances in a global cross-sectional study of moraxella catarrhalis from children and adults. | to compare and contrast the geographic and demographic distribution of bro beta-lactamase and antibiotic mic(50/90) for 1440 global moraxella catarrhalis isolates obtained from children and adults between 2001 and 2002. | 2010 | 19889789 |
| the prevalence of middle ear pathogens in the outer ear canal and the nasopharyngeal cavity of healthy young adults. | culturing middle ear fluid samples from children with chronic otitis media with effusion (ome) using standard techniques results in the isolation of bacterial species in approximately 30-50% of the cases. haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and moraxella catarrhalis, the classic middle ear pathogens of acute otitis media, are involved but, recently, several studies suggested alloiococcus otitidis as an additional pathogen. in the present study, we used species-specific pcrs to estab ... | 2010 | 19895585 |
| in vitro activity of tigecycline against 2423 clinical isolates and comparison of the available interpretation breakpoints. | mics to tigecycline and 12 antimicrobials were performed by microdilution method, against 2423 nonduplicate pathogens recently isolated in 17 greek hospitals. the food and drug administration (fda) and european committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing (eucast) criteria were used comparatively for interpretation of tigecycline mics. tigecycline exhibited potent in vitro activity against the majority of the isolates tested. (mic(90) values of 0.5, 1, 2, 0.125, 1, 0.25, 0.125, and 1 mg/l w ... | 2010 | 19836184 |
| moraxella catarrhalis bacteraemia associated with prosthetic vascular graft infection. | moraxella catarrhalis, formerly called branhamella catarrhalis, 'neisseria catarrhalis' or 'micrococcus catarrhalis', is a gram-negative, aerobic diplococcus frequently found as a colonizer of the upper respiratory tract. over the last 20-30 years, this bacterium has emerged as a genuine pathogen, and is now considered an important cause of otitis media in children and an aetiological agent in pneumonia in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. however, bacteraemia due to m. catarrha ... | 2010 | 19850707 |
| the immunogenicity of the liposome-associated outer membrane proteins (omps) of moraxella catarrhalis. | the outer membrane proteins (omps) are the most immunogenic and attractive of the moraxella catarrhalis vaccine antigens that may induce the protective immune response. the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of two types of omp-associated phosphatidylcholine (pc) liposomal formulations (omps-pc, pc-omps) and of zwittergent-based proteomicelles (omps-z) in potentiating an anti-omp systemic immune response in mice. the immunogenicities of the above preparations were evaluated by ... | 2010 | 19851720 |
| outbreaks of keratoconjunctivitis in a camel herd caused by a specific biovar of moraxella canis. | two tributyrin hydrolysis-negative moraxella isolates obtained in cases of keratoconjunctivitis in camelus dromedarius in the canary islands showed highest degrees of 16s rrna gene sequence similarity to moraxella canis. a level of dna relatedness to the m. canis type strain of 79% confirmed the identity of the isolates as a tributyrin hydrolysis-negative biovar of m. canis. | 2010 | 20032257 |
| lack of chlamydophila pneumoniae and predominance of alloiococcus otitidis in middle ear fluids of children with otitis media with effusion. | to investigate the presence of chlamydophila pneumoniae and other bacterial pathogens in middle ear effusion samples obtained from children with otitis media with effusion (ome). | 2010 | 19879704 |
| determinants of moraxella catarrhalis colonization in healthy dutch children during the first 14 months of life. | moraxella catarrhalis is an established bacterial pathogen, previously thought to be an innocent commensal of the respiratory tract of children and adults. the objective of this study was to identify significant risk factors associated with m. catarrhalis colonization in the first year of life in healthy dutch children. this study investigated a target cohort group of 1079 children forming part of the generation r study, a population-based prospective cohort study following children from fetal l ... | 2010 | 19681950 |
| transthoracic fine-needle aspiration in the aetiological diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia. | to investigate the safety and practicability of conducting transthoracic fine-needle aspiration (tfna) in a general hospital setting, we applied the tfna procedure to 20 patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) within 36 h of admission. also, a preliminary assessment was made of the potential value of adding tfna to conventional methods of diagnostic microbiology. tfna was easy to perform and caused little discomfort, and no serious adverse events were observed. in spite of ... | 2010 | 19681958 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 sequences in yaks (bos grunniens) with keratoconjunctivitis, using a highly sensitive nested polymerase chain reaction. | thirty-seven yaks (bos grunniens) with keratoconjunctivitis and 22 healthy yaks were used to investigate the role of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) in keratoconjunctivitis in yaks. nucleic acid sequences of bohv-1 glycoproteins b and e were detected in conjunctival swabs from all yaks with keratoconjunctivitis using a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr). in 21 yaks, bohv-1 sequences were detected along with moraxella bovis (m. bovis) and neisseria spp. the amplified bohv-1 sequences were ident ... | 2010 | 21309468 |
| [bacterial flora in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) in kunming, china]. | chinese recommendations for the management of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd) include antibiotic treatments targeting the most frequently isolated pathogens according to the severity of copd. the study objective was to check the relevance of these recommendations in yunnan, a southern chinese province. | 2010 | 21195565 |
| [rational antibiotic therapy of acute upper respiratory tract infections]. | overuse of antibiotics is a major cause of bacterial resistance. inappropriate and unnecessary antibiotic therapies are particularly frequent in the treatment of respiratory tract infections, which are viral in origin in about 80% of cases. this review work presents the principles of rational antibiotic therapy of acute upper respiratory tract infections, namely pharyngotonsillitis, otitis media and sinusitis according to polish recommendations 2010. | 2010 | 21268914 |
| antibiotic therapy for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is already the world's fourth most common cause of mortality and likely to become the third in a few year's time. because it is an inflammatory airway disease with altered host immune response, infectious complications are frequent. acute exacerbations of copd (aecopd) significantly worsen the patient's general health, accelerating disability. each exacerbation leads progressively to further deterioration of lung function. among the various causes of ... | 2010 | 21123150 |
| pulmonary thin-section ct findings in acute moraxella catarrhalis pulmonary infection. | objective: moraxella catarrhalis is an important pathogen in the exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. the aim of this study was to assess the clinical and pulmonary thin-section ct findings in patients with acute m. catarrhalis pulmonary infection. methods: thin-section ct scans obtained between january 2004 and march 2009 from 292 patients with acute m. catarrhalis pulmonary infection were retrospectively evaluated. clinical and pulmonary ct findings in the patients were asses ... | 2010 | 21123308 |
| characterization and evaluation of the moraxella catarrhalis oligopeptide permease a as a mucosal vaccine antigen. | moraxella catarrhalis is a common cause of otitis media in children and of lower respiratory tract infections in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; therefore, these two groups would benefit from a vaccine to prevent m. catarrhalis infections. a genome mining approach for vaccine antigens identified oligopeptide permease protein a (oppa), an oligopeptide binding protein of an apparent oligopeptide transport system. analysis of the oppa gene by pcr and sequence analysis revealed th ... | 2010 | 21134967 |
| distribution of genes encoding virulence factors ompb2, ompcd, ompe, β-lactamase and serotype in pathogenic and colonizing strains of moraxella catarrhalis. | a total of 115 moraxella catarrhalis isolates from patients with lower respiratory tract and otorhinolaryngeal infections, as well as healthy carriers, were collected to study the prevalence of outer membrane virulence and resistance encoding genes and lipooligosaccharide (los) serotypes. | 2010 | 21167392 |
| novel bacterial nad+-dependent dna ligase inhibitors with broad-spectrum activity and antibacterial efficacy in vivo. | dna ligases are indispensable enzymes playing a critical role in dna replication, recombination, and repair in all living organisms. bacterial nad+-dependent dna ligase (liga) was evaluated for its potential as a broad-spectrum antibacterial target. a novel class of substituted adenosine analogs was discovered by target-based high-throughput screening (hts), and these compounds were optimized to render them more effective and selective inhibitors of liga. the adenosine analogs inhibited the liga ... | 2010 | 21189350 |
| infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: a review of cases in clinical practice. | infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (ibk) is a painful ocular disease affecting cattle worldwide. the publications documenting this condition focus on what is the accepted cause of ibk--moraxella bovis. this article draws on experience and recorded data made at the time of the initial examination and follow-up visits. laboratory culture of ocular swabs was undertaken where appropriate. diagnosis of ibk is usually based on clinical signs, environment, and history. misdiagnosis of the organisms ... | 2010 | 21056797 |
| ceftaroline fosamil: a novel broad-spectrum cephalosporin. | ceftaroline fosamil is a new extended-spectrum cephalosporin with activity against drug-resistant grampositive pathogens such as methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae. at the same time, its gramnegative spectrum of coverage includes common respiratory pathogens such as haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis, as well as wild-type enterobacteriaceae. in vivo efficacy for the treatment of experimental endocarditis, pneumonia, ... | 2010 | 21076711 |
| identification of gene products involved in the oxidative stress response of moraxella catarrhalis. | moraxella catarrhalis is subjected to oxidative stress from both internal and environmental sources. a previous study (c. d. pericone, k. overweg, p. w. hermans, and j. n. weiser, infect. immun. 68:3990-3997, 2000) indicated that a wild-type strain of m. catarrhalis was very resistant to killing by exogenous hydrogen peroxide (h₂o₂). the gene encoding oxyr, a lysr family transcriptional regulator, was identified and inactivated in m. catarrhalis strain o35e, resulting in an increase in sensitivi ... | 2010 | 21098105 |
| infectious keratitis treated with corneal crosslinking. | to describe 7 eyes with severe infectious keratitis treated using collagen crosslinking (cxl) with riboflavin. | 2010 | 21102196 |
| [in vitro activity of sitafloxacin against clinical isolates in 2009]. | in vitro activity of sitafloxacin (stfx) and various oral antimicrobial agents against bacterial isolates recovered from clinical specimens between january and december 2009, at different healthcare facilities in japan was evaluated. a total of 1,620 isolates including aerobic and anaerobic organisms was available for the susceptibility testing using the microbroth dilution methods recommended by clinical laboratory standard institute. the minimum inhibitory concentration of stfx at which 90% of ... | 2010 | 21425595 |
| [sinusitis is common in small children]. | children have air-filled paranasal sinuses from birth. acute sinusitis is common in early childhood and complicates 5-13% of common colds. bacteriology comprises 30% streptococcus pneumoniae, 20% haemophilus influenzae, 20% moraxella catarrhalis. while suppurative complications are rare, there has been an increasing focus on comorbidity affecting the lower airways (asthma). the diagnosis is based on clinical criteria developed through microbiological studies. antibiotic treatment is controversia ... | 2010 | 21118660 |
| multicomponent moraxella catarrhalis outer membrane vesicles induce an inflammatory response and are internalized by human epithelial cells. | moraxella catarrhalis is an emerging human respiratory pathogen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and in children with acute otitis media. the specific secretion machinery known as outer membrane vesicles (omvs) is a mechanism by which gram-negative pathogens interact with host cells during infection. we identified 57 proteins in m. catarrhalis omvs using a proteomics approach combining two-dimensional sds-page and maldi-tof mass spectrometry analysis. the omvs contai ... | 2010 | 21044239 |
| novel hybrids of 15-membered 8a- and 9a-azahomoerythromycin a ketolides and quinolones as potent antibacterials. | a series of novel 6-o-substituted and 6,12-di-o-substituted 8a-aza-8a-homoerythromycin a and 9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin a ketolides were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity against a panel of representative erythromycin-susceptible and erythromycin-resistant test strains. another series of ketolides based on 14-membered erythromycin oxime scaffold was also synthesized and their antibacterial activity compared to those of 15-membered azahomoerythromycin analogues. in gen ... | 2010 | 21055953 |
| topical ciprofloxacin is superior to topical saline and systemic antibiotics in the treatment of tympanostomy tube otorrhea in children: the results of a randomized clinical trial. | to compare the clinical failure rates among children with otorrhea through tympanostomy tubes treated with topical or systemic antibiotics versus topical saline. | 2010 | 20979100 |
| bacterial infections and pediatric asthma. | streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis seem to have no role in asthma in children. mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydophila pneumoniae can induce wheezing and cause asthma exacerbations in children, and chronic chlamydophila infections may even participate in asthma pathogenesis. however, studies have failed to show any benefits from antibiotics for incipient or stable pediatric asthma, as well as for asthma exacerbations in children. exposure to antibiotics in ... | 2010 | 21029939 |
| differences in nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage in preschool children from different socio-economic origins. | clin microbiol infect abstract: a prospective cohort study of preschool healthy children (3-6 years old) from two distinct socio-economic settings in the brussels area, belgium, was conducted during the years 2006-2008. the objectives were to evaluate nasopharyngeal colonization by streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, moraxella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae at the time of pcv7 vaccine introduction and to assess the socio-economic level impact on flora composition and antibio ... | 2010 | 20977542 |
| the in vitro evaluation of solithromycin (cem-101) against pathogens isolated in the united states and europe (2009). | solithromycin (formerly cem-101) is a novel fluoroketolide with potent activity against bacterial pathogens that are susceptible or resistant to other mls(b)-ketolide agents. the objective of this study was to assess the activity of solithromycin and comparator antimicrobials against a large number and variety of contemporary clinical bacterial pathogens collected in the united states (usa) and europe during 2009. | 2010 | 20831882 |
| moraxella catarrhalis lgt2, a galactosyltransferase with broad acceptor substrate specificity. | the genetic basis of lipo-oligosaccharide (los) biosynthesis for the bacterium moraxella catarrhalis has been elucidated and functions suggested for each of the glycosyltransferases. in this study we have expressed and characterised one of these enzymes, the putative galactosyltransferase lgt2(b/c). the lgt2(b/c) gene was amplified from m. catarrhalis, expressed in escherichia coli, and lgt2(b/c) was purified. analysis of its glycosyltransferase catalytic activity ascertained the ph and temperat ... | 2010 | 20832776 |
| microbes responsible for acute exacerbation of copd. | this study was designed to find out the microbes responsible for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). this study was carried out in the national institute of diseases of the chest & hospital (nidch), dhaka during the period of january 2003 to december 2003. the study was a prospective case control study. there were 88 male and 2 female patients. the majority of the study subjects fell within the range of 50-70 years. all were smokers. 30 stable copd patients were t ... | 2010 | 20956903 |
| epidemiology of nasopharyngeal carriage of respiratory bacterial pathogens in children and adults: cross-sectional surveys in a population with high rates of pneumococcal disease. | to determine the prevalence of carriage of respiratory bacterial pathogens, and the risk factors for and serotype distribution of pneumococcal carriage in an australian aboriginal population. | 2010 | 20969800 |
| [evaluation of the safety and efficacy of cefditoren pivoxil fine granules for pediatric use in pediatric patients with acute otitis media]. | a clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of acute otitis media in children, in view of the causative organisms of the disease and their drug susceptibility, was issued in march 2006. in the guideline, cefditoren pivoxil (cdtr-pi, meiact ms fine granules 10% for pediatric use) is recommended as an oral cephem antibiotic for the treatment of the disease. to collect information on the appropriate use of the drug in the clinical setting after issuance of the guideline, we condu ... | 2010 | 20976878 |
| serum intercellular adhesion molecule 1 variations in young children with acute otitis media. | acute otitis media (aom) is an inflammatory reaction in the middle ear, most often occurring in young children. streptococcus pneumoniae, nontypeable haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis are the most common bacteria isolated. intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (icam-1) is involved in the innate immune response to infection by microorganisms, in effective antigen presentation, and in subsequent t-cell activation. here we prospectively studied levels of serum soluble icam-1 (sicam-1) b ... | 2010 | 20926702 |
| nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization during the first wheezing episode is associated with longer duration of hospitalization and higher risk of relapse in young children. | the purpose of this study was to examine the association between bacterial colonization/infection and respiratory outcomes in children younger than 3 years old who were hospitalized for their first wheezing episode. this was an observational study. the primary outcome was hospitalization time and the secondary outcomes included relapses within 2 months and time to recurrent wheezing (i.e. three physician confirmed wheezing episodes) within 12 months. bacterial antibody assays for streptococcus p ... | 2010 | 20938703 |
| influence of moraxella sp. colonization on the kidney proteome of farmed gilthead sea breams (sparus aurata, l.). | abstract: | 2010 | 20939867 |
| microbial keratitis in the elderly: a 32-year review. | to describe the demographic characteristics, associated factors and causative agents of infectious keratitis in the elderly in a tertiary referral center in são paulo, brazil. | 2010 | 20944931 |
| antimicrobial activity of doripenem and other carbapenems against gram-negative pathogens from korea. | a total of 950 gram-negative bacterial isolates from patients with bacteremia and urinary tract infections were collected from tertiary-care hospitals in korea. in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using broth microdilution test according to clinical and laboratory standards institute protocol. in general, carbapenems such as doripenem, imipenem, and meropenem were very active against enterobacteriaceae, moraxella catarrhalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and acinetobacter sp. ... | 2010 | 20950191 |
| synthesis and structure-activity relationship of 2-thiopyrimidine-4-one analogs as antimicrobial and anticancer agents. | considering that some thiopyrimidines were previously reported as potential therapeutics, the present study achieved novel analogs of bioactive 2-substituted thiopyrimidines-4-(3h)-ones via base catalyzed alkylation reaction of 2-thiouracil using alkyl and aralkyl bromides. the title compounds were 2-(1-butylthio)pyrimidine-4(3h)-one (5a), 2-(2-butylthio)pyrimidine-4(3h)-one (5b), 2-(cyclohexylmethylthio)pyrimidine-4(3h)-one (5c), 2-(benzylthio)pyrimidine-4(3h)-one (5d) and 2-(1-adamantylthio)py ... | 2010 | 21216051 |
| etiology and antibacterial susceptibility pattern of community-acquired bacterial ocular infections in a tertiary eye care hospital in south india. | to identify the etiology, incidence and prevalence of ocular bacterial infections, and to assess the in vitro susceptibility of these ocular bacterial isolates to commonly used antibiotics. | 2010 | 20952834 |
| analysis of the microbiota of sputum samples from patients with lower respiratory tract infections. | sputum is the most common sample collected from patients suffering from lower respiratory tract infections and it is crucial for the bacterial identification of these infections. in this study, we enrolled 101 sputum samples from 101 patients with lower respiratory tract infections. initially, pyrosequencing of the 16s rdna v3 hypervariable regions of the bacteria contained in the sputum was utilized as a culture-independent approach for microbiota analysis. for comparison, clinical laboratory t ... | 2010 | 20823075 |
| correlation of viral load of respiratory pathogens and co-infections with disease severity in children hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infection. | the clinical significance of viral load and co-infections in children with respiratory infections is not clear. | 2010 | 20646956 |
| respiratory bacterial pathogens in the nasopharynx and lower airways of australian indigenous children with bronchiectasis. | to test the hypothesis that bacterial density, strain diversity, and concordance of pathogens between upper and lower airways are higher in children with bronchiectasis than in those with non-bronchiectatic conditions. | 2010 | 20656297 |
| the patterns of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance of bacterial keratitis isolates in glasgow, united kingdom. | trends in antibiotic sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria change with time and the emergence of resistance to commonly used antibiotics is not uncommon. the aim of this study is to identify the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance patterns in a tertiary referral centre that commonly manages corneal infections. | 2010 | 20831515 |
| [the role of macrolides in treatment of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]. | exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) cause a lot of hospital admissions, mortality, and strongly influence health-related quality of life. approximately half of copd exacerbations are associated with bacterial infections and many patients have lower airways colonization. current guidelines recommend antibotic therapy in course of copd exacerbation for patients with sputum purulence and suggest correlation between severity of symptoms and the type of infecting pathogen. t ... | 2010 | 20491344 |
| activity of a novel series of acylides active against community-acquired respiratory pathogens. | resistance to macrolides and beta-lactams has increased sharply amongst key respiratory pathogens, leading to major concern. a novel series of acylides was designed to overcome this resistance and was evaluated for in vitro and in vivo activity. this series of acylides was designed starting from clarithromycin by changing the substitution on the desosamine nitrogen, followed by conversion to 3-o-acyl and 11,12-carbamate. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of acylides were determined agains ... | 2010 | 20493666 |
| limitations of current antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis. | bacterial conjunctivitis is a common ocular infection that is generally treated empirically with a broad-spectrum antibiotic. the more common pathogens causing bacterial conjunctivitis include staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus epidermidis, and moraxella species. several antibiotics traditionally used to treat bacterial conjunctivitis are no longer widely prescribed because of increased bacterial resistance and/or safety concerns. the introduc ... | 2010 | 20838353 |
| discovery and analysis of 4h-pyridopyrimidines, a class of selective bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors. | bacterial protein synthesis is the target for numerous natural and synthetic antibacterial agents. we have developed a poly(u) mrna-directed aminoacylation/translation protein synthesis system composed of phenyl-trna synthetases, ribosomes, and ribosomal factors from escherichia coli. this system, utilizing purified components, has been used for high-throughput screening of a small-molecule chemical library. we have identified a series of compounds that inhibit protein synthesis with 50% inhibit ... | 2010 | 20696870 |
| genome-wide survey for pilr recognition sites of the metal-reducing prokaryote geobacter sulfurreducens. | geobacter sulfurreducens is a species from the bacterial family geobacteraceae, members of which participate in bioenergy production and in environmental bioremediation. g. sulfurreducens pili are electrically conductive and are required for fe(iii) oxide reduction and for optimal current production in microbial fuel cells. pilr is an enhancer binding protein, which is an activator acting together with the alternative sigma factor, rpon, in transcriptional regulation. both rpon and pilr are invo ... | 2010 | 20708667 |
| down-regulation of porin m35 in moraxella catarrhalis by aminopenicillins and environmental factors and its potential contribution to the mechanism of resistance to aminopenicillins. | the outer membrane protein m35 of moraxella catarrhalis is an antigenically conserved porin. knocking out m35 significantly increases the mics of aminopenicillins. the aim of this study was to determine the biological mechanism of this potentially new antimicrobial resistance mechanism of m. catarrhalis and the behaviour of m35 in general stress situations. | 2010 | 20801781 |
| sensitization of microcin j25-resistant strains by a membrane-permeabilizing peptide. | microcin j25 (mccj25) is a plasmid-encoded, 21-amino-acid, antibacterial peptide produced by escherichia coli. mccj25 inhibits rna polymerase and the membrane respiratory chain. mccj25 uptake into e. coli-sensitive strains is mediated by the outer membrane receptor fhua and the inner membrane proteins tonb, exbb, exbd, and sbma. this peptide is active on some e. coli, salmonella, and shigella species strains, while other gram-negative bacteria, such as clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae, ... | 2010 | 20802073 |
| indirect pathogenicity of haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis in polymicrobial otitis media occurs via interspecies quorum signaling. | otitis media (om) is among the leading diseases of childhood and is caused by opportunists that reside within the nasopharynx, such as haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis. as with most airway infections, it is now clear that om infections involve multiple organisms. this study addresses the hypothesis that polymicrobial infection alters the course, severity, and/or treatability of om disease. the results clearly show that coinfection with h. influenzae and m. catarrhalis promotes th ... | 2010 | 20802829 |
| vitronectin in bacterial pathogenesis: a host protein used in complement escape and cellular invasion. | the multifunctional human glycoprotein vitronectin (vn) plays a significant role in cell migration, tissue repair and regulation of membrane attack complex (mac) formation. it also promotes neutrophil infiltration and, thus, enhances the inflammatory process during infection. in the host, a balanced homeostasis is maintained by vn due to neutralization of the self-reactivity of the mac. on the other hand, vn bound to the bacterial surface protects from mac-mediated lysis and enhances adhesion. g ... | 2010 | 20807208 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of doripenem against clinical isolates from french teaching hospitals: proposition of zone diameter breakpoints. | the aims of the study were to determine the in vitro activity of doripenem, a new carbapenem, against a large number of bacterial pathogens and to propose zone diameter breakpoints for clinical categorization in france according to the european committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing (eucast) minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) breakpoints. the mics of doripenem were determined by the broth microdilution method against 1,547 clinical isolates from eight french hospitals. the disk di ... | 2010 | 21088861 |
| moraxella catarrhalis: an unrecognized pathogen of the oral cavity? | abstract objective: we investigated the effect of the bacterial flora of the nose and throat on the outcome of the initial repairs of the cleft palate in the presence of prophylactic antibiotics. design: a retrospective review of 90 procedures in 66 patients who had cleft palate repair between april 2005 and june 2007 was carried out at booth hall children's hospital, manchester, uk. both isolated cleft palate (cp) and cleft lip and palate (clp) patients were included. exclusion criteria include ... | 2010 | 20815726 |
| specificity in killing pathogens is mediated by distinct repertoires of human neutrophil peptides. | neutrophil-derived antimicrobial peptides and proteins (amps) play an important role in the defense against microbes. absence of defense is illustrated by neutropenic patients with frequent bacterial and fungal infections. however, the specificity of the antimicrobial effects has not been adequately described. we set out to determine the specific antimicrobial pattern of polypeptides in neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes, pmns) against 4 potential human pathogens: moraxella catarrhalis, s ... | 2010 | 20820100 |
| adenoidectomy and nasopharyngeal carriage of streptococcus pneumoniae in young children. | the effect of adenoidectomy on nasopharyngeal colonisation of pathogens has not previously been evaluated. the authors studied the effect of adenoidectomy on nasopharyngeal colonisation by bacteria causing otitis media and the effect of adenoidectomy on the development of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide antibodies. | 2010 | 20504840 |
| pneumococcal carriage is more common in asthmatic than in non-asthmatic young men. | the aim was to investigate the prevalence of oropharyngeal carriage of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, neisseria meningitidis and beta-haemolytic streptococci among asthmatic and non-asthmatic young finnish men and to identify putative risk factors. | 2010 | 20887345 |
| [refinement of presumptive antimicrobial therapy based on initial microbiological information on positive blood culture]. | positive blood culture represents either true bacteremia or contaminants of the normal skin flora. the number of positive bottles, rapidity with which blood culture turns positive, and appropriate interpretation of gram-stain findings usually assist physicians or technologists in deciding whether it reflects true-positive results or contamination. in the case of true bacteremia, two aspects of the gram-stain findings, gram-positive or negative, cocci or rod, are important initial findings that s ... | 2010 | 20560459 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of respiratory pathogens recently isolated in italy: focus on cefditoren. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of respiratory pathogens recently isolated in italy to commonly used antibiotics including cefditoren. six clinical microbiological laboratories collected, between january and september 2009, a total of 2,510 respiratory pathogens from subjects with community-acquired respiratory tract infections (carti). ceftditoren, out of all the beta-lactams studied, had the lowest mic(90 )against 965 strains of streptococcus pneumo ... | 2010 | 20566418 |
| community-acquired moraxella catarrhalis pneumonia in previously healthy children. | the aim of this study was to determine if moraxella catarrhalis is a common cause of community acquired pneumonia in children with no chronic medical problems. a secondary goal was to describe the clinical features of children with m. catarrhalis pneumonia. | 2010 | 20575092 |
| the viriato study: update on antimicrobial resistance of microbial pathogens responsible for community-acquired respiratory tract infections in portugal. | the viriato study is a prospective, multicentre laboratory-based surveillance study of antimicrobial susceptibility in which 30 microbiology laboratories throughout portugal are asked to isolate, identify and submit to a central laboratory for testing streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis responsible for community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections and streptococcus pyogenes from tonsillitis. to monitor changes in antimicrobial resistance patterns of ... | 2010 | 20590169 |
| ulcerative blepharitis and conjunctivitis in adult dairy cows and association with moraxella bovoculi. | nine lactating dairy cows were evaluated because of eye lesions. examination revealed mild to severe ulceration of the lower and/or upper eyelids, mild to severe swelling surrounding affected eyes, and profuse lacrimation. lesions typically affected 1 eye, and involved the eyelid skin and conjunctiva. oxytetracycline treatment led to cure within 2 wk. | 2010 | 20592830 |
| peptide deformylase inhibitors with retro-amide scaffold: synthesis and structure-activity relationships. | peptide deformylase (pdf) is a metalloprotease catalyzing the removal of a formyl group from newly synthesized proteins. thus inhibition of pdf activity is considered to be one of the most effective antibiotic strategies. reported herein are the synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of retro-amide inhibitors based on actinonin, a naturally occurring pdf inhibitor. analysis of the structure-activity relationships led to the discovery of 7a, which exhibits potent enzyme inhibition ... | 2010 | 20615695 |
| microbiology of acute complicated bacterial sinusitis at the university of the witwatersrand. | a retrospective chart review study at two referral hospitals identified 226 consecutive surgical patients with acute complicated sinusitis. | 2010 | 20822623 |
| in vitro antibacterial activities of s-013420, a novel bicyclolide, against respiratory tract pathogens. | the in vitro activity of s-013420, a novel bicyclolide, was investigated. | 2010 | 20472695 |
| bacterial bloodstream infections in hiv-infected adults attending a lagos teaching hospital. | an investigation was carried out during october 2005-september 2006 to determine the prevalence of bloodstream infections in patients attending the outpatient department of the hiv/aids clinic at the lagos university teaching hospital in nigeria. two hundred and one patients--86 males and 115 females--aged 14-65 years were recruited for the study. serological diagnosis was carried out on them to confirm their hiv status. their cd4 counts were done using the micromagnetic bead method. twenty ml o ... | 2010 | 20824974 |
| simultaneous assay for four bacterial species including alloiococcus otitidis using multiplex-pcr in children with culture negative acute otitis media. | the 3 most commonly encountered bacteria in acute otitis media (aom) are streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis. conventional culture methods detect these pathogens in only 60% to 70% of cases of aom. alloiococcus otitidis, another potential pathogen, has often been ignored. | 2010 | 20335823 |
| development of a novel dna microarray to detect bacterial pathogens in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). | a novel microarray was constructed with dna pcr product probes targeting species specific functional genes of nine clinically significant respiratory pathogens, including the gram-positive organisms (streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes), the gram-negative organisms (chlamydia pneumoniae, coxiella burnetii haemophilus spp., legionella pneumophila, moraxella catarrhalis, and pseudomonas aeruginosa), as well as the atypical bacterium, mycoplasma pneumoniae. in a "proof-of-concept" eval ... | 2010 | 20074591 |