Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| microbiological characteristics of pacific shrimp (pandalus jordani). | microorganisms associated with pacific shrimp (pandalus jordani) were isolated and identified. those on the iced raw shrimp, which yielded an average count of 1.6 x 10(6), were predominantly moraxella, pseudomonas, acinetobacter, arthrobacter, and flavobacterium-cytophaga spp. the blanching and peeling reduced the microbial level to 3.3 x 10(4) and also selectively eliminated moraxella spp. the microbial flora changed after each processing sequence, and the heat sensitivity and growth characteri ... | 1977 | 869532 |
| structure of the peptidoglycans of moraxella glucidolytica and moraxella lwoffi grown on hydrocarbons. | the peptidoglycans of moraxella glucidolytica and moraxella lwoffi grown on aliphatic hydrocarbons were isolated. they contained muramic acid, glucosamine, alanine, d-glutamic acid and mesodiaminoimelic acid in a molar ratio of about 0.5:0.5:1.6:1.0:1.0 (m. glucidolytica) and 0.8:0.7:1.3:1.0:1.0 (m. lwoffi). the peptidoglycans were lysozyme-resistant. however, when treated with formanide, they could be partially degraded by lysozyme. the fragments were purified and their structure determined. in ... | 1977 | 871229 |
| production and characterization of moraxella bovis hemolysin. | moraxella bovis hemolysin was produced in trypticase soy broth and maximum hemolytic activity of the culture was observed during the logarithmic phase of growth. the hemolysin was filterable through a 0.22-micrometer (apd) membrane filter, heat labile, and destroyed by treatment with formalin or trypsin. there was no difference in the amount of hemolysin production by rough or smooth colony types of an isolate, although differences were observed between 2 different isolates. partial requirement ... | 1977 | 879584 |
| spoilage association of chicken leg muscle. | the ability of pure cultures of bacteria isolated from spoiling chicken leg muscle to produce strong off-odors was tested by using sterile leg muscle sections. changes in the flora during storage and the incidence and identity of organisms capable of producing strong off-odors were noted. | 1977 | 879780 |
| two sequence-specific endonucleases from moraxella bovis. | 1977 | 909085 | |
| occurrence and patterns of waxes in neisseriaceae. | forty-five strains classified in the family neisseriaceae were analysed for wax esters by gas-liquid chromatography. the amounts and types of waxes varied between the taxa. waxes were not detected in 16 strains of 'true neisseriae' (genus neisseria) or in two strains of kingella, but they were found in all 'false neisseriae', in all species of moraxella except moraxella phenylpyrouvica, in five out of 10 strains of acintobacter, and in all strains of a group of psychrophilic, oxidase-positive or ... | 1977 | 915475 |
| bacterial flora of the sea urchin echinus esculentus. | a total of 85 isolates of mesophilic, aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria were isolated from the gut, peristomial membrane, and coelomic fluid from specimens of the sea urchin echinus esculentus from the clyde sea area of scotland. these isolates were compared with 26 isolates from sand and seawater in the same locality. overall, strains of pseudomonas and vibrio predominated. gut (with an average bacterial viable count of 2 x 10(7) per 3-cm section) and coelomic fluid (which was often sterile and r ... | 1977 | 921260 |
| a comparison of various haemophilus somnus strains. | sixty-eight haemophilus somnus strains isolated from the bovine in canada and the u.s.a. were compared. in media enriched with 5% ovine serum, 5% bovine serum and 10% yeast extract, h. somnus fermented glucose, levulose, maltose, mannitol, mannose, sorbitol, trehalose and xylose, but failed to ferment arabinose, dulcitol, galactose, inositol, lactose, raffinose, rhamnose, salicin and sucrose. the organisms acidified litmus milk, produced cytochrome oxidase, indole and hydrogen sulfide (h(2)s) an ... | 1977 | 922555 |
| moraxella bovis-induced metritis and septicemia in a rabbit. | 1977 | 924879 | |
| biochemistry of the bacterial catabolism of aromatic compounds in anaerobic environments. | methods of aerobic degradation of aromatic compounds in the biosphere are well understood, but it is only relatively recently that it has been shown how some bacteria can also degrade these substrates in the absence of molecular oxygen. this occurs by photometabolism (athiorhodaceae), nitrate respiration (pseudomonas and moraxella sp.) and methanogenic fermentation (a consortium) in which the benzene nucleus is first reduced and then cleaved by hydrolysis to yield aliphatic acids for cell growth ... | 1977 | 927513 |
| experimentally induced infections bovine keratoconjunctivitis: effectiveness of a pilus vaccine against exposure to homologous strains of moraxella bovis. | a study was conducted to determine whether vaccination with sonicated pili of moraxella bovis would protect cattle from subsequent infection and disease when experimentally challenged by exposure to homologous cultures of m bovis. some calves were intramuscularly inoculated 2 times with pili of m bovis suspended in water, and others were subcutaneously inoculated 2 times with pili of m bovis suspended in oil; 21 days were allowed between inculations. controls were nonvaccinated calves. fourteen ... | 1977 | 931134 |
| induced infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: vaccination with whole cell bacterins of moraxella bovis mixed with freund's incomplete adjuvant. | our studies on vaccination against infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis were extended to include the use of adjuvant bacterins. seventeen calves were given 2 doses of killed moraxella bovis mixed with freund's incomplete adjuvant; 15 calves were given 2 doses of whole cell bacterin without adjuvant. four weeks later, all vaccinated and non-vaccinated (control) calves were challenge exposed by the conjunctival administration of virulent m bovis. the incorporation of freund's incomplete adjuvant ... | 1977 | 931173 |
| [moraxella septicemia infection in geese]. | 1976 | 936835 | |
| bacteriologic and vaccination studies in a field epizootic of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis in calves. | infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (ibk) was enzootic in the beef cattle herds at dixon springs agricultural center, university of illinois. the development of nonhemolytic and hemolytic moraxella bovis flora in the eyes of 48 calves in a closed cow-calf herd was monitored from late may to october, 1972. the incidence of clinical ibk was recorded each week. in late may, nonhemolytic m bovis was isolated from 26% of calf eyes. the peak incidence of ibk was observed in early september, with 26 ... | 1976 | 937804 |
| an outbreak of diphtheria in boergoat kids. | during an outbreak of diphtheria or ulcerative stomatitis in young boergoat kids fusobacterium necrophorum was consistently isolated under anaerobic cultural conditions from material taken from the edges of the ulcerative lesions from all of the cases examined. corynebacterium pyogenes, staphylococcus aureus, actinobacillus lignieresi, moraxella spp. and lactobacillus spp. were also isolated anaerobically and/or aerobically. the typical symptoms and lesions were confirmed to the mouth, tongue an ... | 1976 | 940095 |
| acinetobacter and similar organisms in ear infections. | fifty-seven strains of acinetobacter-like organisms were isolated over a period of 26 months from the ears of 55 patients with acute or chronic otitis media, or otitis externa, and one strain was isolated in a survey of 50 normal ears. after comparison with eight reference strains, 32 of the isolates were identified as acinetobacter anitratus, 22 as acinetobacter iwoffii, three as moraxella spp. and one as achromobacter sp. analysis of the clinical findings suggests that although most of these o ... | 1976 | 957420 |
| cellular monosaccharide patterns of neisseriaceae. | sixty-four strains of neisseria, moraxella, and acinetobacter were screened for cellular monosaccharides by gas-liquid chromatography and other chromatographic techniques. the four sugars ribose, glucose, glucosamine, and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate (kdo) were detected in all strains. heptose was detected only in "true neisseriae" (neisseria gonorrhoeae, n. meningitidis, n. sicca, n. cinerea, n. flavescens, and n. elongata) and in the tentaively named species moraxella urethralis. some marked intersp ... | 1976 | 961430 |
| extracellular antigens of moraxella bovis. | the extracellular antigens of 2 isolates of moraxella bovis were isolated by ammonium sulfate precipitation of cell-free culture filtrate, purified by filtration and differentiated by immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic techniques. the extracellular filtrate from rough types had 2 specific extracellular antigens in addition to those in the culture filtrate of smooth-type cells of the same isolate. the extracellular antigens produced by smooth-type cells were identical in all isolates of mo ... | 1976 | 962217 |
| volatiles produced by microorganisms isolated from refrigerated chicken at spoilage. | volatile components present at spoilage of refrigerated chicken breasts were identified using high-vacuum-low-temperature distillation techniques followed by analysis with combined temperature-programmed gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. a comparison was made of the compounds detected from both irradiated and non-irradiated muscle stored at 2 and 10 degrees c under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. isolates were randomly selected from the spoiled poultry, identified, and evaluated f ... | 1976 | 970942 |
| pneumonitis and pulmonary abscess associated with moraxella nonliquefaciens. | a 78-year-old man with pneumonitis and pulmonary abscess associated with moraxella nonliquefaciens is presented. this organism was found by culture of both transtracheal aspirate and sputum. no previous reports have associated m nonliquefaciens with infection of the lower respiratory tract, although sinusitis and bronchitis have been reported. possible predisposing factors in our patient included carcinoma of the larynx, as well as alcohol ingestion and cigarette smoking. | 1976 | 975988 |
| pyridoxine deficiency and the conjunctiva. | 1976 | 980412 | |
| effects of vaccination with a moraxella bovis bacterin on the subsequent development of signs of corneal disease and infection with m bovis in calves under natural environmental conditions. | a vaccination study was conducted for infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (ibk) in 440 purebred hereford cattle (cows and their newborn calves) of the usda meat animal research center cattle herd at clay center, ne. the cattle were allotted to 4 groups: 60 calves were vaccinated with an autogenous moraxella bovis bacterin (group 1); 60 calves that were matched with group 1 calves were designated nonvaccinated matched controls (group 2); 99 calves were peer group nonvaccinated controls (group ... | 1976 | 984561 |
| antibacterial activity of efrotomycin. | efrotomycin is a narrow spectrum antibiotic. among the genera tested for susceptibility in vitro it is most active against isolates of moraxella, pasteurella, yersinia, haemophilus, streptococcus and corynebacterium. the drug is as active by oral administration as by the subcutaneous route. blood levels rise rapidly to high concentrations, after oral dosing, and are prolonged. two peaks occur which may indicate biliary excretion and reabsorption. urinary excretion is minimal. the high blood conc ... | 1976 | 994327 |
| detection of moraxella bovis antibodies in infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis by a passive hemagglutination test. | a passive hemagglutination test was developed to detect antibody response to moraxella bovis in tears. tannic acid-treated sheep erythrocytes were sensitized with sonicated antigen prepared from m bovis cultures. the test was found to be a relatively simple, specific, and reliable procedure for titrating antibodies in lacrimal secretions. the hemagglutination test could be a valuable method for seroepizootiologic investigation of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. | 1976 | 999074 |
| the structlre of pili (fimbriae) of moraxella bovis. | cells from rough and smooth colonies of moraxella bovis were examined by electron microscopy utilizing both shadowing and thin sectioning techniques. pili were found on the surfaces of cells from rough but not smooth colonies. pili had a peritrichoud distribution and appeared as delicate (6.5-8.5 nm in diameter), elongated unbranched filaments. when bacteria were sectioned pili did not contain central pores and appeared to originate from opacities on the surface of the cell wall. | 1976 | 1000369 |
| experimental production of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: comparison of serological and immunological responses using pili fractions of moraxella bovis. | the effect of vaccinating cattle and mice on the development of keratoconjunctivitis was studied. cattle were vaccinated with whole cells, disrupted cells and pili fractions of three strains of moraxella bovis. mice were vaccinated with pili fractions of three strains. the resistance of all vaccinated animals was challenged with virulent cultures of m. bovis. in an attempt to correlate the response seen after vaccination and challenge with a pili fraction of m. bovis, vaccinated cattle and mice ... | 1976 | 1000379 |
| microbial catabolism: its role in the carbon cycle and environmental significance: a colloquium organized by p. a. williams (bangor). | 1976 | 1001697 | |
| [distribution of species of moraxella and moraxella-like organisms in the nasopharynx of healthy human adults (author's transl]. | by means of a lincomycin containing selective medium, gram-negative, oxidase-positive, non-motile, non-saccharolytic, penicillin-sensitive rods have been isolated from 24 of 165 healthy adults (13,9%). three strains were lost, 7 strains were moraxella osloensis (4,2%), 12 strains were neisseria elongata (7,3%) and 2 strains were considered to be a subspecies of n. elongata (1.2%). by agglutination and immunodiffusion could be demonstrated that n. elongata is a serologically heterogenous species. ... | 1976 | 1004377 |
| [moraxella. taxonomic and pathogenic problems raised by the behavior of certain strains cultivated in unusual nutritive media]. | 1976 | 1009651 | |
| degradation of quinoline by a soil bacterium. | from garden soil a bacterium was isolated which grew aerobically in mineral salts medium with quinoline as sole c source and nh4+ as n source. during growth with quinoline, 2-hydroxyquinoline accumulated in the culture fluid and later disappeared. whole cells oxidized 2-hydroxyquinoline, 2,6-dihydroxyquinoline and 2,7,8,-trihydroxyquinoline as rapidly as quinoline and without a lag. catechol was oxidized more slowly by meta-cleavage but at an increasing rate indicative of adaptation. a number of ... | 1976 | 1012043 |
| [culture and differentiation of obligatory aerobic gram-negative rods from human material; a scheme for application in routine diagnosis (author's transl)]. | the diagnosis of obligately aerobic gram-negative rods in the clinical laboratory may encounter difficulties since media used for enterobacteriacae are only partially usable for the diagnosis of this group of bacteria (psuedomonas, xanthomonas, alcaligenes, achromobacter, brucella, bordetella, flavobacterium, moraxella, acinetobacter, and some still unnamed taxa). we have developed a diagnostic scheme, based on recent publications in the field and representing an extension of earlier tables from ... | 1976 | 1015032 |
| [the moraxella lwoffi group of bacteria (author's transl)]. | 1976 | 1021821 | |
| [meningitis due to moraxella (apropos of 6 cases)]. | 1976 | 1024727 | |
| exogenous moraxella liquefaciens endophthalmitis. | moraxella species have been generally associated with diseases of the external eye. in this report we present a case of exogenous moraxella liquefaciens endothalmitis which developed 14 years after an intracapsular cataract extraction. | 1975 | 1079590 |
| microbiological characteristics of dungeness crab (cancer magister). | aerobic, heterotropic microorganisms of dungeness crab (cancer magister) were isolated from raw crab, cooked crab, crab meats obtained during commercial processing, and from retail crab meat samples. each microbial isolate was then identified to the genus level employing the revised replica plating procedure. microbial groups most commonly isolated from crab meat were, in the order of predominance, moraxella, pseudomonas, acinetobacter, arthrobacter, micrococcus, flavobacterium-cytophaga, and ba ... | 1975 | 1096824 |
| bovine infectious keratoconjunctivitis: carrier state of moraxella bovis and the development of preventive measures against disease. | bovine infectious keratoconjunctivitis, which is caused by moraxella bovis, occurs perennially in all cattle-raising areas. disease may occur any time during the year but manifests itself often during summer when disease-enhancing factors such as ultraviolet radiation and fly population are increased. although some recent research findings indicate that cattle can be immunized against the disease, many problems have to be overcome before the cattle industry can benefit from such immunization. so ... | 1975 | 1097382 |
| microbial growth on agar surfaces studied by incident light differential interference contrast microscopy. | microbial surface growth on routine opaque agar media was examined by various incident light microscopical techniques. only differential interference contrast regularly gave good resolution and contrast. the arrangement of units approaching the size of individual bacteria may be judged by low power dry objectives. | 1975 | 1098392 |
| a comparison of tests for nitrate reduction. | 504 strains of different bacteria have been tested for nitrate reduction by a conventional method and two microtests. a quick microtest for nitrate reduction is suggested allowing to read results after 1 hr cultivation. nitrate reduction is a valuable test particularly for the species differentiation of the genera bacillus, micrococcus, pseudomonas, alcalignes, moraxella, and other ones. | 1975 | 1101581 |
| [successful streptomycin therapy of yersinia pseudotuberculosis and acinobacter iwoffii infection]. | 1975 | 1105300 | |
| preweaning mortality in pigs. 7. polyarthritis. | the incidence and causes of polyarthritis in sucking pigs were studied in herds with 2,936 litters during a 2-year period. among pigs more than 3 days old, the average morbidity rate was 3.3 per cent and the mortality rate amounted to 1.5 per cent (table i). among herds the morbidity ranged from 0.9 to 7.0 per cent and the mortality due to polyarthritis from 0.5 to 2.8 per cent. the incidences of polyarthritis were higher in the progeny of gilts than in the progeny of sows of other age groups (t ... | 1975 | 1105403 |
| letter: septic arthritis due to moraxella species. | 1975 | 1111700 | |
| evidence for the existence of endotoxic activity in three strains of moraxella. | the phenol extraction technique was used to obtain material with endotoxic activityfrom three strains of moraxella. this material was subjected to partial purification. biological activity was determined by inoculation of the extracts into the skinof rabbits, and noting the resultant skin reactions. although containing some cellular contaminants such as nucleic acid from the extraction procedure, the endotin preparations showed biological activity in the microgram range. killed but unextracted c ... | 1975 | 1125857 |
| infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: a ring device designed for prolonged retention in the bovine eye. | a study was conducted to determine whether treatment devices could be designed for prolonged retention in the eyes of cattle. experimental design ring devices were compared relative to their ease of insertion, induction of adverse tissue reaction, and period of retention. the ring devices were also compared with commercially available devices used in human eyes. ring devices having a circumference smaller than that of the conjunctival sac, but larger than that of the globe of the eye, were easy ... | 1975 | 1147348 |
| examination of fimbriation of some gram-negative rods with and without twitching and gliding motility. | negatively stained preparations of 30 different strains of gram-negative rods representing 20 different taxa were examined in the electron microscope. thirteen of the strains studied exhibited twitching and six of the strains exhibited motility. additionally, non-twitching substrains of two of the twitching strains and a non-gliding substrain of one of the gliding strains were examined. a variety of cultural media, preparations for negative straining and negative strains were used. it was found ... | 1975 | 1155114 |
| the occurrence of twitching motility among gram-negative bacteria. | almost 1000 strains representing well above 50 different species or groups of gram-negative bacteria were examined for twitching motility. this kind of motility was mainly found in strictly aerobic cocci and rods (viz. acinetobacter calcoaceticus, moraxella spp., neisseria gonorrhoeae, n. meningitidis, pseudomonas spp., phenon 3 of thornley that is closely related to acinetobacter, and marine, yellow-pigmented rods), but also in the facultative eikenella corrodens and in anaerobic strains presum ... | 1975 | 1155115 |
| the metabolism of benzoate by moraxella species through anaerobic nitrate respiration. evidence for a reductive pathway. | moraxella sp. isolated from soil grows anaerobically on benzoate by nitrate respiration; nitrate or nitrite are obligatory electron acceptors, being reduced to molecular n2 during the catabolism of the substrate. this bacterium also grows aerobically on benzoate. 2. aerobically, benzoate is metabolized by ortho cleavage of catechol followed by the beta-oxoadipate pathway. 3. cells of moraxella grown anaerobically on benzoate are devoid of ortho and meta cleavage enzymes; cyclohexanecarboxylate a ... | 1975 | 1156389 |
| characterization of radiation-resistant vegetative bacteria in beef. | ground beef contains numerous microorganisms of various types. the commonly recognized bacteria are associated with current problems of spoilage. irradiation, however, contributes a new factor through selective destruction of the microflora. the residual microorganisms surviving a nonsterilizing dose are predominantly gram-negative coccobacilli. various classifications have been given, e.g., moraxella, acinetobacter, achromobacter, etc. for a more detailed study of these radiation-resistant bact ... | 1975 | 1164011 |
| cellular elongation under the influence of antibacterial agents: way to differentiate coccobacilli from cocci. | representatives of moraxella, acinetobacter, and various other groups of short, gram-negative bacilli are readily distinguished from neisseria by microscopic observation of filaments produced by the rods during growth in the presence of low concentrations of penicillins or sulfadiazine. wet mounts of bacteria from routine antibiotic susceptibility test cultures are satisfactory for examination of morphology. | 1975 | 1176588 |
| [the bacterial flora of the nasal mucosa of the horse. i. gram-negative bacteria (author's transl)]. | 1975 | 1218849 | |
| [electron microscope study of bacteria in dental plaques following the application of fluorides (author's transl)]. | gels containing fluorides can have profound effects on dental plaques. these gels contain 2% fluorides in the form of sodium monofluorophosphate and sodium fluoride and are buffered to ph 6.5 when applied to teeth they: - encourage the disappearance of certain bacteria, - inhibit the division of cells and diminish their storage of glycogen, - cause a thickening of the bacterial cell wall, - lead to modifications of the bacterial cell membrane, - precipitate the degeneration of most forms of bact ... | 1975 | 1229981 |
| the problem of pathogenicity of moraxellae in the urogenital tract of women. | the incidence of moraxella nonliquefaciens an m. liquefaciens in the urogenital tract is relatively low. these microorganisms were detected in 0.77% of cases during the examination of a total of 3 761 women. m. nonliquefaciens was found in 26 out of 29 cases. the frequency of occurrence did not differ in the groups of healthy women, of women with inflammatory signs in the urogenital tract and of women with confirmed gonorrhoea. we therefore believe that these moraxellae do not play any pathogene ... | 1975 | 1237516 |
| [hemolytic toxin of moraxella bovis]. | 1975 | 1240264 | |
| experimentally induced infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: resistance of vaccinated cattle to homologous and heterologous strains of moraxella bovis. | in studies to determine whether vaccination with one strain of moraxella bovis would protect against challenge with virulent homologous or heterologous strains, calves were intramuscularly inoculated 3 times with formalin-killed m bovis, with 14 days between inoculations. fourteen days after the 3rd vaccinal dose was given, all calves were exposed to homologous or heterologous virulent cultures of m bovis. the results indicated that vaccination with one strain of m bovis may induce protective im ... | 1976 | 1247198 |
| infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitus. | 1976 | 1258314 | |
| degradation of homogentisate by strains of bacillus and moraxella. | the metabolic pathways whereby strains of moraxella and bacillus degrade homogentisate (2,5-dihydroxyphenylacetate) are delineated. the moraxella (strain oa3) is shown to degrade homogentisate via the pathway previously described in liver: homogentisate is cleaved by a 1,2-dioxygenase (e.c 1.13.11.5) yielding maleylacetoacetate which is isomerized by a gsh-dependent isomerase to fumarylacetoacetate before hydrolysis to acetoacetate and fumarate. a strain of bacillus (b11c) is shown to catabolize ... | 1976 | 1260531 |
| deoxyribonucleic acid reassociation in the classification of flavobacteria. | dna-dna reassociation studies showed that flavobacterium emningosepticum strains had a genetic relatedness of 91 to 100% with inter-strain duplexes having high thermal stabilities. the only exception, strain nctc10016, had an average relatedness of only 43% to other strains of f. meningosepticum. the apparent divergence in dna base sequence of this strain was reflected in the structural differences of some enzymes. there was a gradation of dna relatedness among the flavobacterium group ii-b stra ... | 1976 | 1262856 |
| gingival flora of the dog with special reference to bacteria associated with bites. | gingival scrapings from dogs were examined to determine their aerobic bacterial flora. of particular interest was the frequent recovery of three unclassified groups of aerobic gram-negative bacteria, iij, ef-4, and m-5, previously associated with human dog-bite infections. although no set pattern was found between the variability and consistency of gingival microbiota as related to age, sex, or breed of dog, a certain characteristic flora can be predicted in the healthy canine gingiva. members o ... | 1976 | 1270595 |
| infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: experimental induction of infection in calves with mycoplasmas and moraxella bovis. | eyes of 14 calves were exposed by conjunctival instillation to cultures of either mycoplasma conjunctivae (6 calves) or acholeplasma laidlawii (8 calves). calves were observed for clinical signs of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (ibk), and eyes were examined for the test organisms by bacteriologic cultural technique for 60 days. acholeplasma laidlawii became established in the eyes of 5 of 8 calves; m conjunctivae became established in the eyes of 4 of 6 calves. on day 28, eyes of 9 of t ... | 1976 | 1275332 |
| azithromycin. a review of its antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and clinical efficacy. | azithromycin is an acid stable orally administered macrolide antimicrobial drug, structurally related to erythromycin, with a similar spectrum of antimicrobial activity. azithromycin is marginally less active than erythromycin in vitro against gram-positive organisms, although this is of doubtful clinical significance as susceptibility concentrations fall within the range of achievable tissue azithromycin concentrations. in contrast, azithromycin appears to be more active than erythromycin again ... | 1992 | 1280567 |
| identification and characterization of a cross-reactive and a unique b-cell epitope on the hsp60 homologue from neisseria gonorrhoeae. | two monoclonal antibodies (g6 and 7b), generated against a 63-kda stress protein (gsp63) from neisseria gonorrhoeae strain vp1, were used to investigate the antigenic heterogeneity of gsp63 among the neisseriaceae and its antigenic relationship with the hsp60 heat-shock protein family. immunoblotting experiments demonstrated antibody reactivity with all pathogenic neisseria tested and with some of the commensal strains. one of the antibodies (7b) cross-reacted with the 65-kda m. bovis bcg heat-s ... | 1992 | 1281800 |
| immunosuppressive effects induced by the polysaccharide moiety of some bacterial lipopolysaccharides. | the immunomodulatory properties of several lipopolysaccharides (lps) derived from clinical isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa, branhamella catarrhalis, and bordetella pertussis were evaluated for their capacity to influence the magnitude of the antibody response to type iii pneumococcal polysaccharide (sss-iii), which is known to be regulated by suppressor and amplifier t cells (ts and ta, respectively). the administration of lps, two days after immunization resulted in a significant increase in ... | 1992 | 1286878 |
| cefaclor af: correlation of microbiology and clinical outcome. | cefaclor is active against haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis in addition to the pathogens typically susceptible to first-generation cephalosporins. cefaclor advanced formulation (cefaclor af) provides the opportunity for once or twice daily dosing of this agent. clinical trials using cefaclor af have been carried out in a number of centres on bacterial infections of the respiratory tract, the urinary tract and the skin. in vitro susceptibility tests on selected pathogens from the ... | 1992 | 1287612 |
| changes in the spectrum of organisms causing respiratory tract infections: a review. | over the last decade, the spectrum of organisms causing community-acquired acute lower respiratory tract infections has changed. streptococcus pneumoniae now causes approximately 30% of outpatient acute pneumonia-less than in former decades-whereas mycoplasma pneumoniae is found in both young and elderly patients. the enterobacteriaceae and staphylococcus aureus are now seen more frequently as respiratory tract pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia patients, and they are the major organisms ... | 1992 | 1287613 |
| a multicentre trial of cefaclor advanced formulation versus cefaclor in the treatment of acute bronchitis. | two prospective randomized, double-blind, parallel studies were carried out in europe to compare cefaclor advanced formulation (cefaclor af) with cefaclor in the treatment of acute bronchitis caused by susceptible pathogens. a total of 1,321 patients suffering from acute bronchitis confirmed by clinical data and a negative chest x-ray were randomized for treatment in the two multicentre trials. three doses of cefaclor af were tested: 375 mg twice daily and 500 mg twice daily were compared with c ... | 1992 | 1287614 |
| cefaclor af versus cefaclor in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | the effectiveness and safety of cefaclor advanced formula (af) compared with cefaclor in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were evaluated in multicentre trials in the united states and europe. in the us study, patients were randomized to receive either cefaclor af 375 mg twice daily or 500 mg twice daily or 250 mg cefaclor three times daily. three dose levels of cefaclor af were used in the european study: 375 mg, 500 mg and 750 mg twice daily; the comparative agent was ... | 1992 | 1287616 |
| [an outbreak of keratoconjunctivitis in a dairy farm]. | an outbreak of infectious kerato-conjunctivitis is described in a dairy herd during the (winter)stable period. moraxella was isolated from lacrimation fluid from three animals. the development of the infection was possibly precipitated by a vaccination with modified live ibr virus, adenovirus type 3 and parainfluenza virus type 3. presumably, climatological-stable conditions play an important role in the clinical manifestation of the infection. | 1992 | 1287897 |
| in vitro evaluation of bay y3118, a new full-spectrum fluoroquinolone. | bay y3118, 1-cyclopropyl-7-(2,8-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-8-yl)-6-fluoro-8- chloro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid hydrochloride, is a new fluoroquinolone with antibacterial activity against an expanded spectrum of species including staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium, streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, and also anaerobes such as bacteriodes fragilis and clostridium perfringens. mic90s for s. aureus, s. epidermid ... | 1992 | 1288961 |
| role of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis as a respiratory pathogen in children. | during a 12-month surveillance period in 1981-1982, moraxella catarrhalis was detected in cultures from nasopharyngeal aspirates from 76 (17%) of 449 children hospitalized with middle or lower respiratory tract infection. seroconversion to m. catarrhalis was positive in 4 (5%) of the 76 patients with m. catarrhalis present in nasopharyngeal aspirates and in 4 (1%) of 373 patients with a negative finding. although children with respiratory tract infections were often colonized by the organism, th ... | 1992 | 1290865 |
| [antibiotic therapy in bronchopulmonary infections]. | because of difficulties in accurately determining an etiologic diagnosis, the ideal treatment for lower respiratory tract infections remains questionable. suggested regimens are made on the basis of clinical and epidemiological data. however, the single most common pathogen responsible for pneumonia remains streptococcus pneumoniae. atypical pneumonia in younger patients is best treated with macrolides. older patients without debility or immunodepression are best treated with amoxycillin-ampicil ... | 1992 | 1297403 |
| clarithromycin and azithromycin: new macrolide antibiotics. | the chemistry, mechanism of action, antimicrobial spectrum, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, adverse effects, drug interactions, and dosage and administration of clarithromycin and azithromycin are described. clarithromycin and azithromycin are new macrolide antibiotics that are similar in structure to erythromycin. compared with erythromycin, clarithromycin demonstrates increased activity against staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, legionella pneumophila, moraxella catarrhalis, and chlamyd ... | 1992 | 1312921 |
| safety and efficacy of lomefloxacin versus cefaclor in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | in two multicenter trials, lomefloxacin and cefaclor were compared as treatments for acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. in total, 522 adult outpatients were enrolled at 50 centers in the united states. patients were randomized to treatment groups receiving either 400 mg lomefloxacin orally once daily (n = 259) or 250 mg cefaclor every 8 hours (n = 263) for 7-10 days. both groups were comparable in terms of age, severity of exacerbation, smoking history, theophylline use, and ba ... | 1992 | 1316059 |
| fluoroquinolone (lomefloxacin) international surveillance trial: a report of 30 months of monitoring in vitro activity. | the antimicrobial activity and spectrum of lomefloxacin were assessed by standardized disk diffusion methods in 36 countries. more than 500,000 facultative organisms were tested during the first 30 months of a 3-year monitoring interval. lomefloxacin demonstrated inhibition (zones greater than or equal to 19 mm) of greater than 90% of enterobacteriaceae, greater than 99% of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis, greater than 98% of haemophilus spp., and 91% of staphylococcus aureus strains. pseudo ... | 1992 | 1316072 |
| lomefloxacin: microbiologic assessment and unique properties. | in comparative studies, lomefloxacin, a new difluorinated quinolone, exhibits broad antibacterial activity in vitro, similar or superior to that of other quinolones (enoxacin, ofloxacin, pipemidic acid, nalidixic acid, and norfloxacin) but less than that of ciprofloxacin. lomefloxacin inhibited neisseria gonorrhoeae, moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, and the majority of aerobic gram-negative rods, including nosocomial isol ... | 1992 | 1316073 |
| [comparison of a stat method of analysis of microorganisms for the presence of site-specific restriction endonuclease activity]. | sensitivity of several express-methods used for detection of bacterial endonucleases was compared. the most sensitive method is that employing triton x-100. | 1992 | 1317567 |
| in-vitro activity of pd 131628, a new quinolone antimicrobial agent. | the in-vitro activity of pd 131628, the active metabolite of the prodrug pd 131112, was compared with that of ciprofloxacin and members of other groups of antimicrobial agents against 701 recent clinical isolates and strains with known mechanisms of resistance. the mic90s of pd 131628 against the enterobacteriaceae were between 0.008 and 0.5 mg/l; pd 131628 was one- to four-fold more active than ciprofloxacin against these strains and was four-fold more active than ciprofloxacin against pseudomo ... | 1992 | 1320603 |
| the in-vitro activity of two new quinolones: rufloxacin and mf 961. | the in-vitro activity of two new quinolone antimicrobials, rufloxacin and mf 961, together with the desmethylated metabolite of rufloxacin (mf 922) were compared with other orally administered agents against 622 bacterial strains. against enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa rufloxacin was generally active (mic90 1-8 mg/l) with the exception of klebsiella and serratia spp. (mic90 32 mg/l and enterobacter spp. (mic90) 64 mg/l. the respiratory pathogens haemophilus influenzae and moraxell ... | 1992 | 1324239 |
| double-blind randomized study comparing the efficacies and safeties of a short (3-day) course of azithromycin and a 5-day course of amoxicillin in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | the efficacies and safeties of a three-dose regimen of azithromycin (500 mg once daily for 3 days) and a 15-dose regimen of amoxicillin (500 mg three times daily for 5 days) were compared in a double-blind manner in patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. a total of 92% of patients suffered a type 1 exacerbation. treatment success, defined as cure or major improvement, was achieved in all patients in the azithromycin group by day 5, compared with 23 (92%) of 25 patients in the ... | 1992 | 1324645 |
| antimicrobial activity of du-6859, a new potent fluoroquinolone, against clinical isolates. | du-6859, (-)-7-[(7s)-amino-5-azaspiro(2,4)heptan-5-yl]-8-chloro-6- fluoro-1-[(1r,2r)-cis-2-fluoro-1-cyclopropyl]-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinol one-3- carboxylic acid, is a new fluoroquinolone with antibacterial activity which is significantly better than those of currently available quinolones. the mics for 90% of methicillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis clinical isolates (mic90s) were 0.1, 3.13, 0.1, and 0.39 microgram/ml, respectively. mic50s of du- ... | 1992 | 1324647 |
| in vitro activity of opc-17116 compared to other broad-spectrum fluoroquinolones. | the in vitro activity of opc-17116 was compared to that of five similar fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin and temafloxacin). a total of 700 isolates from recent cases of clinical bacteremia were tested. fifty additional stock strains with well-characterized resistance mechanisms were also processed. the minimal concentrations inhibiting 90% of strains (mic90) of enterobacteriaceae species were for opc-17116 0.015-0.5 micrograms/ml and for ciprofloxacin 0.015-0.25 ... | 1992 | 1327789 |
| the in-vitro activity of new streptogramins, rp 59500, rp 57669 and rp 54476, alone and in combination. | rp 59500 is a 30:70 mixture of rp 57669 and rp 54476. the activity of rp 59500 and its two components against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms was compared with that of clarithromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin and rokitamycin. rp 59500 inhibited 90% of erythromycin-susceptible and resistant staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci at less than or equal to 1 mg/l (range 0.06-2 mg/l). both inducibly and constitutively-resistant strains of s. aureus, as well as strains ... | 1992 | 1328138 |
| in vitro activity of opc-17116. | the in vitro activity of opc-17116, a new c-5 methyl fluoroquinolone, was compared with the activities of other fluoroquinolones. opc-17116 inhibited 50% of the members of the family enterobacteriaceae tested and 90% of haemophilus influenzae, neisseria species, and moraxella catarrhalis isolates at less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml. at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, 90% of the enterobacteriaceae were inhibited, which was comparable to or better than the activities of fleroxacin, o ... | 1992 | 1329620 |
| plasma bactericidal activity of a new c-5 methyl fluoroquinolone after oral doses of 400 and 800 mg. | the plasma bactericidal activity of a new c-5 methyl fluoroquinolone, opc-17116, was determined after once-daily oral ingestion of 400 mg and 800 mg in normal, healthy volunteers. opc-17116 at a 400-mg dose produced plasma bactericidal titers greater than or equal to 1:16 at 12 hours against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis. opc-17116 bactericidal titers against pseudomonas aeruginosa were 1:2 or 1:4 at 6 and 12 hours ... | 1992 | 1331205 |
| the n-linked oligosaccharides of human lactoferrin are not required for binding to bacterial lactoferrin receptors. | the oligosaccharides of human lactoferrin were enzymatically removed with glycopeptidase f, resulting in a preparation containing partial and fully deglycosylated human lactoferrin. the derivatives were separated by concanavalin a affinity chromatography and compared with native human lactoferrin with respect to their ability to bind to bacterial receptors. competitive binding experiments demonstrated that the lactoferrin derivatives were equally capable as native lactoferrin in binding to recep ... | 1992 | 1335830 |
| azithromycin in upper respiratory tract infections: a clinical trial in children with otitis media. | azithromycin is a newly developed azalide antibiotic which is very active against microbes causing respiratory tract infections; tissue concentrations remain elevated for a long time after discontinuation of treatment. a clinical study was conducted to compare azithromycin (10 mg/kg administered as a single daily dose for 3 days) with amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (50 mg/kg/day given b.i.d. for 10 days) in 30 children with otitis media. sensitivity testing demonstrated good azithromycin activity a ... | 1992 | 1336892 |
| laboratory diagnosis of brucella infection: some pitfalls. | 1992 | 1350824 | |
| biochemical mis-identification of brucella melitensis and subsequent laboratory-acquired infections. | brucella species are mis-identified in the api 20ne system as moraxella phenylpyruvica (profile number 1200004). since some brucella spp. grow readily in routine blood culture medium and may be isolated from patients without clinically obvious brucellosis, the risk of laboratory-acquired brucellosis exists. we describe two such cases. | 1992 | 1358958 |
| the protective efficacy of pili from different strains of moraxella bovis within the same serogroup against infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. | three groups of ten calves were each immunised with a total of 400 micrograms pili prepared from three separate strains of moraxella bovis in alhydrogel-oil adjuvant as two divided, equal doses 21 days apart. groups 1 and 2 each received a monovalent vaccine made from strain 4l and s276r respectively, which belonged to pili serogroup a. group 3 received vaccine made from pili of strain maff1, belonging to serogroup f. a further group of ten calves served as non-vaccinated controls. calves in gro ... | 1992 | 1359693 |
| fimbriation, hemagglutination and adherence properties of fresh clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis. | this study investigated the fimbriation on 24 fresh clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis by electron microscopy. all the strains were isolated from patients with respiratory infections. the branhamella catarrhalis strains were classified into three groups according to the grade of fimbriation. among these 24 strains the incidence of densely fimbriated, moderately fimbriated and sparsely fimbriated isolates were 12 (50%), 7 (29%) and 5 (21%), respectively. after five-times serial subcultu ... | 1992 | 1362238 |
| bacterial differentiation within moraxella bovis colonies growing at the interface of the agar medium with the petri dish. | moraxella bovis was found to colonize the interface between agar and the polystyrene petri dish, producing circular colonies when the inoculum was stabbed at a single point. the bacteria occurred in a thin layer of nearly uniform thickness, and colonial expansion occurred in at least two temporal phases. in the first phase, the radial colonial expansion was slow and non-linear. in the second phase, the radial expansion was linear. the interfacial colonies possessed three characteristic concentri ... | 1992 | 1362585 |
| in-vitro bactericidal activity of four oral antibiotics against pathogens responsible for acute otitis media in children. | this study was designed to test the in-vitro activity of four oral antibiotics against the four microorganisms most frequently isolated in acute otitis media: beta-lactamase-positive haemophilus influenzae (n = 10), beta-lactamase-positive moraxella catarrhalis (n = 10), penicillin-sensitive streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 11) and methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus (n = 10), by the bactericidal curve method. bactericidal kinetics were determined for concentrations of antibiotic equivalent ... | 1992 | 1362754 |
| fimbriae of branhamella catarrhalis as possible mediators of adherence to pharyngeal epithelial cells. | this study attempted to elucidate the role of fimbriae in the adherence of b. catarrhalis to human oropharyngeal epithelial cells. antifimbrial immune serum was prepared by immunization of rabbit with whole fimbriated bacteria, and adsorption of the serum with a nonfimbriated b. catarrhalis strain. after pretreatment with the antifimbrial antiserum, the adherence of fimbriated b. catarrhalis to human epithelial cells was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). the adherence was also significantly (p ... | 1992 | 1362885 |
| quantification of moraxella bovis haemagglutinating adhesins with monoclonal antibodies. | six monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against moraxella bovis gf 9 were used to quantify haemagglutinating adhesins of 16 strains of this organism. the amount of each mab necessary to inhibit one haemagglutinating unit of each strain varied between 4 and 0.007 times that required by strain gf 9. five strains reacted with six mabs, one with five, two with four, one with three, two with two and three with none. the procedures used enabled to detect dominant strains candidates for vaccines. | 1991 | 1370049 |
| characterization of an antigenically conserved heat-modifiable major outer membrane protein of branhamella catarrhalis. | branhamella catarrhalis is a common cause of otitis media in children and of respiratory infections in adults with chronic bronchitis. little is known about the antigenic structure of the outer membrane proteins (omps). in this study, two murine monoclonal antibodies, 7d6 and 5e8, were developed and used to characterize the major heat-modifiable omp (omp c/d) of b. catarrhalis. immunoblot assays indicated that omp c/d is heat modifiable, having a molecular mass of 55 kda at room temperature and ... | 1992 | 1371769 |
| induction of nitric oxide synthase is a necessary precondition for expression of tumor necrosis factor-independent tumoricidal activity by activated macrophages. | various bacteria and bacterial products induce in pure, lymphocyte-free bone marrow-derived mononuclear phagocytes (bmmø) the generation of tumor necrosis factor, nitric oxide (no) synthase, no and nitrite (no2-), the flow of l-arginine to citrulline, and tumoricidal activity. the flow of l-arginine to citrulline and formation of no/no2- on the one hand and expression of tumoricidal activity were not always closely related; however, these parameters were suppressed in a dose-dependent manner by ... | 1992 | 1375460 |
| clarithromycin. a review of its antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential. | clarithromycin is an acid-stable orally administered macrolide antimicrobial drug, structurally related to erythromycin. it has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, similar to that of erythromycin and inhibits a range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, atypical pathogens and some anaerobes. significantly, clarithromycin demonstrates greater in vitro activity than erythromycin against certain pathogens including bacteroides melaninogenicus, chlamydia pneumoniae, chlamydia tracho ... | 1992 | 1379907 |
| ultrastructural study on the adherence of branhamella catarrhalis to oropharyngeal epithelial cell. | in the present study, it was observed that branhamella catarrhalis adhere to the microplicae of the oropharyngeal epithelial cells. both long and short microplicae patterns are present on the surface of oropharyngeal epithelial cells and the adherence ability of fimbriated branhamella catarrhalis also varies according to the microplicae pattern. it was found that branhamella catarrhalis attached more to one surface of the epithelial cell than to the other, suggesting that the presence of recepto ... | 1992 | 1381805 |
| the bactericidal activity and postantibiotic effect of trospectomycin. | trospectomycin sulfate (trospectomycin, trs) is a novel, broad-spectrum, aminocyclitol antibiotic that is being developed clinically for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections, bacterial vaginosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and gonorrhea. this study investigated the bactericidal activity (by time-kill kinetics) and the postantibiotic effect (pae) of trs. species-dependent bacteriostatic/bactericidal activity was observed for trs; the antibiotic was bacteriostatic for staphylococc ... | 1992 | 1386566 |
| [incidence of germs of the neisseriaceae family in the pharyngeal flora of healthy adults]. | 1992 | 1391007 | |
| [bacteremic pneumonia caused by moraxella catarrhalis in a non-immunosuppressed patient]. | 1992 | 1391026 | |
| late-onset moraxella catarrhalis endophthalmitis after filtering surgery. | we describe a young man in whom endophthalmitis caused by moraxella catarrhalis developed 5 years after glaucoma filtering surgery. the infection responded to treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, and 2 months after presentation the visual acuity had returned to 20/50. to our knowledge this is the first report of late-onset endophthalmitis due to m. catarrhalis complicating glaucoma filtering surgery. | 1992 | 1393813 |