| mutations in gyra and parc associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones in epidemiologically defined clinical strains of acinetobacter baumannii. | | 2003 | 12493807 |
| successful control of an acinetobacter baumannii outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. | we describe an outbreak of acinetobacter baumannii in a neonatal intensive care unit (nicu), and our investigation to determine the source and mode of transmission and identify the population at risk. a case (infected infant) was defined as a patient hospitalized in the nicu during the outbreak period, with clinical signs of sepsis and isolation of a. baumannii. in colonized infants, a. baumannii was isolated from body surfaces without signs of infection. infected infants were separated and trea ... | 2003 | 12495683 |
| use of random amplified polymorphic dna to assess repeated isolates of acinetobacter baumannii. | | 2003 | 12495689 |
| [update on acinetobacter baumannii]. | resistance to imipenem: the increase in the prevalence of a. baumannii resistance is worrying because of the diversity of the enzymes implicated in the resistance and its epidemic diffusion that is always difficult to handle. broad spectrum beta-lactamase: still rare in acinetobacter, a broad spectrum beta-lactamase has been demonstrated in a strain isolated during a urinary infection and at the origin of an outbreak. risk factors: other than the classic risk factors, a survey regrouping the dat ... | 2002 | 12497720 |
| genetic and functional analysis of the chromosome-encoded carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinase oxa-40 of acinetobacter baumannii. | clinical isolate acinetobacter baumannii cla-1 was resistant to a series of antibiotic molecules, including carbapenems. cloning and expression of the beta-lactamase gene content of this isolate in escherichia coli dh10b identified a chromosome-encoded oxacillinase, oxa-40, that differed by one or two amino acid changes from oxa-24, -25, and -26 and an ampc-type cephalosporinase. the oxa-40 beta-lactamase had a mainly narrow-spectrum hydrolytic profile, but it included ceftazidime and imipenem. ... | 2003 | 12499201 |
| severe nosocomial infections with imipenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii treated with ampicillin/sulbactam. | forty consecutive patients with nosomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii were treated with intravenous ampicillin/sulbactam. the infections were primary bloodstream (32.5%), pneumonia (30%), urinary tract (15%), peritonitis (7.5%), surgical site (7.5%), meningitis (5%) and sinusitis (2.5%). most were severe infections with underlying conditions (median apache ii score: 14.5) and 72.5% occurred in the icu. twenty-seven (67.5%) were improved/cured, seven (17.5%) we ... | 2003 | 12507838 |
| identification of acinetobacter species isolated from clinical specimens by amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis. | taxonomy of acinetobacter has been changing ever since it was recognized to be associated with human infections. many biochemical schemes and molecular methods have been used for the species identification of this bacterium. recently a simple molecular method called amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis (ardra) has been used to determine the genomospecies of acinetobacter: an attempt is made in the present study to identify the acinetobacter genomospecies isolated from clinical specimens ... | 2002 | 12514971 |
| comparison of recovery of blood culture isolates from two bact/alert fan aerobic blood culture bottles with recovery from one fan aerobic bottle and one fan anaerobic bottle. | traditionally, a routine blood culture for adult patients consisted of paired aerobic and anaerobic bottles, but the routine use of an anaerobic blood culture bottle has been challenged in recent years. in this study, we compared the recovery of two fan aerobic bottles with one fan aerobic and one fan anaerobic bottle. each pair of bottles was collected by a separate collection procedure, and each bottle held a recommended 8- to 12-ml draw. a total of 704 clinically significant isolates were rec ... | 2003 | 12517851 |
| comparison of lightcycler pcr, rapid antigen immunoassay, and culture for detection of group a streptococci from throat swabs. | we compared the performance characteristics of a real-time pcr method, the lightcycler strep-a assay (roche applied science, indianapolis, ind.), to those of a rapid antigen immunoassay, the directigen 1-2-3 group a strep test kit (bd diagnostic systems, sparks, md.), and a standard culture method for detection of group a streptococci (gas) from 384 throat swabs. the lightcycler pcr produced more positive results (n = 58) than either culture (n = 55) or the directigen immunoassay (n = 31). the r ... | 2003 | 12517855 |
| characterization of an integron carrying a new class d beta-lactamase (oxa-37) in acinetobacter baumannii. | integrons from a clinical strain of acinetobacter baumannii highly resistant to beta-lactams have been analyzed. the largest (2.2 kb) contained three gene cassettes: an aaca4, an open reading frame of 417 nucleotides, and an oxa-type encoding gene. the oxa gene nucleotide sequence differed from that of the oxa-20 in 2 bp, one of the mutations being silent. the nonsilent mutationgenerated a substitution of glutamic acid for aspartic acid. the new oxa has been named oxa-37. | 2002 | 12523622 |
| recombination activity of a distinctive integron-gene cassette system associated with pseudomonas stutzeri populations in soil. | class 1 integrons have strongly influenced the evolution of multiple antibiotic resistance. diverse integrons have recently been detected directly in a range of natural environments. in order to characterize the properties of these environmental integrons, we sought to isolate organisms containing integrons from soils, which resulted in the isolation of pseudomonas stutzeri strain q. further isolation efforts targeted at this species resulted in recovery of two other strains (p and bam). 16s rrn ... | 2003 | 12533467 |
| prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance. | quinolone resistance encoded by the qnr gene and mediated by plasmid pmg252 was discovered in a clinical strain of klebsiella pneumoniae that was isolated in 1994 at the university of alabama at birmingham medical center. the gene codes for a protein that protects dna gyrase from quinolone inhibition and that belongs to the pentapeptide repeat family of proteins. the prevalence of the gene has been investigated by using pcr with qnr-specific primers with a sample of more than 350 gram-negative s ... | 2003 | 12543659 |
| emergence of an imp-like metallo-enzyme in an acinetobacter baumannii clinical strain from a brazilian teaching hospital. | multidrug-resistant acinetobacter spp. constitute a serious cause of nosocomial infection in brazilian hospitals. this manuscript reports the first appearance of an imp-like metallo-beta-lactamase encountered in a clinical isolate of a. baumannii from a brazilian teaching hospital. | 2003 | 12573555 |
| optimum detection times for bacteria and yeast species with the bactec 9120 aerobic blood culture system: evaluation for a 5-year period in a turkish university hospital. | we tracked and documented the time of positivity of blood cultures by using the bactec 9120 (becton dickinson diagnostic instrument systems) blood culture system over a 5-year study period. a 7-day protocol of the incubation period was selected, and a total of 11156 blood cultures were evaluated. the clinically significant microorganisms (32.95%) were isolated in 3676 specimens. gram-positive and -negative bacterial isolation rates were found to be 41.07 and 44.88%, respectively. yeasts were fou ... | 2003 | 12574291 |
| nosocomial bacteremia involving acinetobacter baumannii in critically ill patients: a matched cohort study. | to determine outcome and attributable mortality in critically ill patients with nosocomial bacteremia involving a. baumannii. | 2003 | 12577148 |
| healthcare-associated outbreak due to pan-drug resistant acinetobacter baumannii in a surgical intensive care unit. | acinetobacter baumannii is ubiquitous and has recently become one of the most important healthcare-associated (ha) pathogens in hospitals. infection caused by this organism often leads to significant morbidity and mortality. outbreaks of pan-drug resistant acinetobacter baumannii (pdrab) have rarely been reported. during a two-month period, an outbreak of pdrab colonization and infection affecting 7 patients occurred in our surgical intensive care unit (sicu). the colonized sites were respirator ... | 2003 | 12586567 |
| acinetobacter baumannii: a threat for the icu? | | 2003 | 12589534 |
| eradication of multi-drug resistant acinetobacter from an intensive care unit. | acinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative coccobacillus that causes outbreaks of nosocomial infections in icus. due to resistance to multiple antibiotics, management of clusters of a. baumannii is useful as a model in eradication of multi-drug resistant infections. we outline the evolution of an a. baumannii outbreak, focusing on methods of transmission and multidisciplinary measures aimed at eliminating it from the icu. | 2001 | 12593705 |
| in vitro activity of s-3578, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin active against methicillin-resistant staphylococci. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of s-3578, a new parenteral cephalosporin, against clinical isolates was evaluated. the mics of the drug at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited were 4 micro g/ml for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and 2 micro g/ml for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis, which were fourfold higher than and equal to those of vancomycin, respectively. the anti-mrsa activity of s-3578 was considered to be due to its high affinity for penicill ... | 2003 | 12604523 |
| relationship between beta-lactamase production, outer membrane protein and penicillin-binding protein profiles on the activity of carbapenems against clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii. | twenty blood isolates of acinetobacter baumannii were studied, representing eight pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and all different antimicrobial susceptibility patterns observed during 1995-97 at the university hospital virgen macarena, seville, spain. the mic(90)s (mg/l) of imipenem and meropenem decreased from 16 to 0.5 and from 8 to 4, respectively, in the presence of brl 42715 (brl) but not clavulanic acid. hydrolysing activity (nmol/min/mg) of bacterial supernatants against cefal ... | 2003 | 12615856 |
| molecular epidemiology of pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization in a burn unit: persistence of a multidrug-resistant clone and a silver sulfadiazine-resistant clone. | to study the epidemiology of pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization in a 32-bed burn wound center (bwc), 321 clinical and 45 environmental p. aeruginosa isolates were collected by prospective surveillance culture over a 1-year period and analyzed by serotyping, drug susceptibility testing, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis. among 441 patients treated at the center, 70 (16%) were colonized with p. aeruginosa, including 12 (17%) patients who were colonized on admission and 58 ... | 2003 | 12624051 |
| bacteremia caused by acinetobacter ursingii. | acinetobacter ursingii has not been reported in infectious processes apart from its recent description as a new species. a bacteremia caused by a. ursingii in a patient with a pulmonary adenocarcinoma confirms that this microorganism is an opportunistic human pathogen. the isolate was susceptible to imipenem, aminoglycosides, rifampin, and fluoroquinolones. | 2003 | 12624081 |
| risk factors of extubation failure in extremely low birth weight infants: a five year retrospective analysis. | extubation failure is one of the most serious complications in extremely low birth weight infants (elbwi) on mechanical ventilation therapy. we performed a 5-year retrospective analysis to realize the status of extubation failure in elbwi. extubation failure was defined as requirements of re-intubation within 72 hours after extubation. the extubation failure rate was 21% (29/138). the mean birth body weight was 808.3 +/- 140.4 gm. the mean gestational age was 25.8 +/- 1.2 wks. the incidence of c ... | 2002 | 12632784 |
| the impact of acinetobacter baumannii in the intensive care unit. | acinetobacter baumannii is a significant problem in critically ill patients. it is widespread, can colonise patients quickly and causes virulent infections. however, its overall impact on morbidity and mortality in the critically ill remains unmeasured. this study was designed to investigate a. baumannii colonisation and infection rates in a critically ill population over an 18-month period. twenty-seven patients from a population of 347 were identified as having a. baumannii. sixteen were colon ... | 2003 | 12638567 |
| the moraxella catarrhalis immunoglobulin d-binding protein mid has conserved sequences and is regulated by a mechanism corresponding to phase variation. | the prevalence of the moraxella catarrhalis immunoglobulin d (igd)-binding outer membrane protein mid and its gene was determined in 91 clinical isolates and in 7 culture collection strains. eighty-four percent of the clinical moraxella strains expressed mid-dependent igd binding. the mid gene was detected in all strains as revealed by homology of the signal peptide sequence and a conserved area in the 3' end of the gene. when mid proteins from five different strains were compared, an identity o ... | 2003 | 12644500 |
| epidemiology of rifampin adp-ribosyltransferase (arr-2) and metallo-beta-lactamase (blaimp-4) gene cassettes in class 1 integrons in acinetobacter strains isolated from blood cultures in 1997 to 2000. | we characterized two new gene cassettes in an acinetobacter isolate: one harbored the metallo-beta-lactamase (imp-4) gene bla(imp-4), the other harbored the rifampin adp-ribosyltransferase (arr-2) gene arr-2, and both arrayed with the aminoglycoside acetyltransferase [aac(6')-ib(7)] gene cassette aaca4 in two separate class 1 integrons. the epidemiology of these gene cassettes in isolates from blood cultures obtained from 1997 to 2000 was studied. isolates bearing either the bla(imp-4) or the ar ... | 2003 | 12654674 |
| significance of genomic dna group delineation in comparative studies of antimicrobial susceptibility of acinetobacter spp. | there were significant differences in antimicrobial susceptibilities in isolates of genomic dna groups 2 (acinetobacter baumannii), 3, and 13tu collected from the same sources, e.g., patients in intensive care units and general wards, and in isolates of the same group collected from different sources. the delineation of genomic groups is important in comparative surveillance studies of antimicrobial susceptibilities. | 2003 | 12654697 |
| inactivation of the moraxella catarrhalis 7169 ferric uptake regulator increases susceptibility to the bactericidal activity of normal human sera. | moraxella catarrhalis is a strict human pathogen and a significant cause of respiratory disease and otitis media. in direct response to these infections, research efforts have focused primarily on the identification of potential vaccine targets. the general biology of m. catarrhalis, however, including the mechanisms utilized to survive in the human host, remains poorly understood. previous work has demonstrated that m. catarrhalis expresses iron-repressible proteins, suggesting the presence of ... | 2003 | 12654799 |
| rapid imipenem/cilastatin desensitization for multidrug-resistant acinetobacter pneumonia. | to report a successful case of rapid imipenem desensitization in a critically ill patient with multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pnemonia (vap). | 2003 | 12659606 |
| toxic serum trough concentrations after administration of nebulized tobramycin. | the goal of administering nebulized antibiotics is to provide patients with a high concentration of drug at the infection site with minimal systemic effects. in two studies in which nebulized tobramycin 300 mg twice/day was administered, systemic peak concentrations were below 0.2 and 3.62 microg/ml, and trough concentrations were undetectable, making toxicity from this route of administration negligible. a 19-year-old woman who received a heart transplant was administered tobramycin inhalation ... | 2003 | 12680485 |
| [study on risk factors and molecular typing of acinetobacter baummanii in nosocomial infections]. | to study the risk factors of acinetobacter baummanii in nosocomial infections, and to verify the nature of acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from intensive care unit (icu). | 2003 | 12697118 |
| [clinical and molecular epidemiology of an outbreak of infusion-related acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia in an intensive care unit] | objective: to describe the clinical and molecular epidemiology of an outbreak of infusion-related acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia in an intensive care unit (icu). methods: six cases of a. baumannii bacteremia identified in the foligno hospital icu, italy, were peer reviewed. antibiotic susceptibility and genotyping (pfge and rapd) of a. baumannii isolates were carried out. results: all a. baumannii blood isolates and a strain isolated from parenteral solution had an identical genotype. the st ... | 2000 | 12707517 |
| imp-12, a new plasmid-encoded metallo-beta-lactamase from a pseudomonas putida clinical isolate. | a pseudomonas putida strain showing broad-spectrum resistance to beta-lactams, including expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems, was isolated from a patient with a urinary tract infection at the university hospital of varese in northern italy. the isolate was found to produce metallo-beta-lactamase activity and to harbor a 50-kb plasmid, named pva758, carrying a new bla(imp) determinant, named bla(imp-12). plasmid pva758 was not self-transferable by conjugation to either escherichia co ... | 2003 | 12709317 |
| chromosomal integration of a cephalosporinase gene from acinetobacter baumannii into oligella urethralis as a source of acquired resistance to beta-lactams. | clinical oligella urethralis isolate coh-1, which was uncommonly resistant to penicillins and narrow-spectrum cephalosporins, was recovered from a 55-year-old patient with a urinary tract infection. shotgun cloning into escherichia coli and expression experiments gave recombinant clones expressing either an ampc beta-lactamase-type phenotype of resistance or a carbenicillin-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase-type phenotype of resistance. the ampc beta-lactamase identified (aba-1), which had a pi value o ... | 2003 | 12709319 |
| surveillance for antimicrobial susceptibility among clinical isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii from hospitalized patients in the united states, 1998 to 2001. | pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii are the most prevalent nonfermentative bacterial species isolated from clinical specimens of hospitalized patients. a surveillance study of 65 laboratories in the united states from 1998 to 2001 found >90% of isolates of p. aeruginosa from hospitalized patients to be susceptible to amikacin and piperacillin-tazobactam; 80 to 90% of isolates to be susceptible to cefepime, ceftazidime, imipenem, and meropenem; and 70 to 80% of isolates to be susce ... | 2003 | 12709340 |
| burkholderia is highly resistant to human beta-defensin 3. | the bactericidal activity of the novel beta-defensin hbd-3 against 28 species and 55 strains of gram-positive cocci and gram-negative fermentative and nonfermentative rods was tested. all strains proved to be highly or intermediately susceptible to hbd-3 (minimal bactericidal concentration [mbc], </=50 micro g/ml), except for burkholderia cepacia, for all 23 tested strains of which mbcs were >100 micro g/ml. | 2003 | 12709350 |
| novel 3-n-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase gene, aac(3)-ic, from a pseudomonas aeruginosa integron. | a novel gene, aac(3)-ic, encoding an aac(3)-i aminoglycoside 3-n-acetyltransferase, was identified on a gene cassette inserted into a pseudomonas aeruginosa integron that also carries a bla(vim-2) and a cmla7 gene cassette. the aac(3)-ic gene product is 59 and 57% identical to aac(3)-ia and aac(3)-ib, respectively, and confers resistance to gentamicin and sisomicin. | 2003 | 12709352 |
| high prevalence of per-1 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing acinetobacter spp. in korea. | per-1, an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, has been reported only in europe. we detected per-1 in 53 of 97 acinetobacters in korea, mainly in the sputum of intensive care unit patients. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis suggested that clonal spread had occurred. only pcr reliably detected per-1 producers. per-1 producers may also exist in other asian countries. | 2003 | 12709353 |
| treatment of multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) with intravenous colistin: a comparison with imipenem-susceptible vap. | we prospectively evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of intravenously administered colistin in 35 episodes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) due to multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii. microbiological diagnosis was performed with use of quantitative culture. in 21 patients, the episodes were caused by a strain susceptible exclusively to colistin (the co group) and were all treated with this antimicrobial intravenously. in 14 patients, the episodes were caused by strains that remai ... | 2003 | 12715304 |
| genetic organization of an acinetobacter baumannii chromosomal region harbouring genes related to siderophore biosynthesis and transport. | the acinetobacter baumannii 8399 clinical isolate secretes dihydroxybenzoic acid (dhba) and a high-affinity catechol siderophore, which is different from other bacterial iron chelators already characterized. complementation assays with enterobactin-deficient escherichia coli strains led to the isolation of a cosmid clone containing a. baumannii 8399 genes required for the biosynthesis and activation of dhba. accordingly, the cloned fragment harbours a dhbaceb polycistronic operon encoding predic ... | 2003 | 12724384 |
| the epidemiology of multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii: does the community represent a reservoir? | to explore the role of the community as a potential reservoir for acinetobacter baumannii. | 2003 | 12725357 |
| characterization of class 1 integron resistance gene cassettes and the identification of a novel is-like element in acinetobacter baumannii. | based on hybridization studies, 21/32 multi-resistant clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii contain class 1 integrons. amplification products were obtained from 20 of the hybridization-positive strains. a single dfra7 cassette was identified in 18 of the isolates and an integron with two cassettes (aadb-aada4) was found in only one strain. amplicons were not obtained from one of the hybridization positive strains. dna sequence analysis of a 6.080-kb fragment, cloned from this strain, iden ... | 2003 | 12726770 |
| cross-reactive monoclonal antibodies raised against the lipopolysaccharide antigen of salmonella minnesota re chemotype: diagnostic relevance. | three cross-reactive monoclonal antibodies (mabs) of igm and igg2b isotype were generated in two separate fusions after immunization of balb/c mice with heat killed salmonella minnesota r595 of re chemotype and acid-treated bacteria, coated with re lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigen. the specificity of the mabs was demonstrated as the re lps antigen. the activity and cross-reactivity against purified elementary bodies of chlamydia trachomatis and various s- and r-lps antigens of other gram-negativ ... | 2003 | 12729990 |
| identification of an epidemic carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii strain at hospitals in buenos aires city. | to identify epidemic acinetobacter baumannii (ab) clones, 38 carbapenem-resistant ab isolates from 5 hospitals were analyzed. macrorestriction classified 24 isolates as clone iv, susceptibility pattern clustering analysis grouped almost all of them together, and they were uniformly biotype 8. clone iv was present at all 5 hospitals, so that it represents a carbapenem-resistant ab strain with epidemic behavior. | 2003 | 12729996 |
| [acinetobacter baumannii: a nosocomial pathogen difficult to control]. | | 2003 | 12732110 |
| [acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia: clinical and prognostic features]. | the incidence, clinical features, and prognosis of bacteremia due to acinetobacter baumannii were investigated. | 2003 | 12732114 |
| evaluation of a new cellulose sponge-tipped swab for microbiological sampling: a laboratory and clinical investigation. | a new type of swab (cellswab; cellomeda, turku, finland), utilizing a highly absorbent cellulose viscose sponge material, was compared to some traditional swabs. the survival of 14 aerobic and 10 anaerobic and microaerophilic bacterial species in the cellswab, two commercial swab transport systems (copan, brescia, italy, and orion diagnostica, espoo, finland), and one dacron swab (technical service consultants ltd. [tsc], heywood, united kingdom) was evaluated. bacteria were suspended in broth, ... | 2003 | 12734223 |
| evaluation of the vitek 2 id-gnb assay for identification of members of the family enterobacteriaceae and other nonenteric gram-negative bacilli and comparison with the vitek gni+ card. | we evaluated the vitek 2 id-gnb identification card (biomérieux, inc., durham, n.c.) for its ability to identify members of the family enterobacteriaceae and other gram-negative bacilli that are isolated in clinical microbiology laboratories. using 482 enteric stock cultures and 103 strains of oxidase-positive, gram-negative glucose-fermenting and nonfermenting bacilli that were maintained at -70 degrees c and passaged three times before use, we inoculated cards according to the manufacturer's d ... | 2003 | 12734254 |
| infections caused by acinetobacter species and their susceptibility to 14 antibiotics in lagos university teaching hospital, lagos. | acinetobacter spp are well recognised as causes of nosocomial infections particularly in patients with immature or defective body defence system. information concerning these organisms are lacking in this environment. for this reason the pattern of infection and the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of these organisms isolated over a one-year period were studied. a total of 58 (3%) of the 2001 isolates from all clinical specimens received in the laboratory during the year were acinetobacter ... | 2002 | 12744574 |
| considerations in control and treatment of nosocomial infections due to multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii. | we sought to control infection due to multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii (mdr-ab) by identifying isolates as clonally related, leading to enhanced infection-control measures, including cohorting, surveillance, contact precaution, initial therapy with ampicillin/sulbactam and local polymyxin b, and, more recently, therapy with synergistic antibiotic combinations. class restriction of cephalosporins has been associated with a reduction in cephalosporins-cephamycin-carbapenem resistance am ... | 2003 | 12746772 |
| in vitro activities of telithromycin and 10 oral agents against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from antral puncture specimens from patients with sinusitis. | a study of the comparative in vitro activity of telithromycin, a new ketolide, against 155 aerobic and 171 anaerobic antral sinus puncture isolates showed it to be active against a broad range of sinus pathogens. all pneumococci, including erythromycin-resistant strains, were susceptible to telithromycin at < or = 0.5 microg/ml; all haemophilus influenzae and eikenella corrodens strains were inhibited by < or = 4 microg of telithromycin/ml; all moraxella spp. and beta-lactamase-producing prevote ... | 2003 | 12760875 |
| evaluation of sds-polyacrylamide gel systems for the study of outer membrane protein profiles of clinical strains of acinetobacter baumannii. | the outer membrane protein (omp) profiles of 23 blood isolates of acinetobacter baumannii representing all the different antimicrobial susceptibility patterns observed during a 3-year period in a spanish hospital were studied. omps extracted from envelopes of sonicated cells after solubilisation with 2% of n-lauryl-sarcosinate were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) using the laemmli's buffers. eight running gel systems differing in the concentratio ... | 2003 | 12761770 |
| nosocomial multi-drug resistant acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection: risk factors and outcome with ampicillin-sulbactam treatment. | the emergence of multidrug-resistant (mdr) acinetobacter baumannii poses a therapeutic problem. the aim of this study was to assess the risk factors for nosocomial mdr-a. baumannii bloodstream infection (bsi) and the efficacy of ampicillin-sulbactam (a/s) in its treatment. of 94 nosocomial a. baumannii bsi during the year 2000, 54% involved mdr strains, 81% of which were genetically related. various risk factors for mdr-a. baumannii were found, of which intensive-care unit admission and prior am ... | 2003 | 12767844 |
| bacteriological, clinical and epidemiological characteristics of hospital-acquired acinetobacter baumannii infection in a teaching hospital. | over an 18 month period, the bacteriological, clinical and epidemiological characteristics of nosocomial acinetobacter baumannii infections in a teaching hospital were studied. typing studies were performed on 38 strains isolated from 36 patients. twenty-two of the strains were isolated during the three outbreaks. surgery, catheterization, mechanical ventilation, and antibiotic therapy for adult patients and respiratory distress syndrome, mechanical ventilation, and prematurity for paediatric pa ... | 2003 | 12767845 |
| spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria contaminating the upper gut in patients with malabsorption syndrome from the tropics. | various causes of malabsorption syndrome (mas) are associated with intestinal stasis that may cause small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (sibo). frequency, nature and antibiotic sensitivity of sibo in patients with mas are not well understood. | 2003 | 12769832 |
| endemic carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii in a london hospital. | | 2003 | 12775679 |
| salmonella in birds migrating through sweden. | | 2003 | 12781025 |
| late infection in patients with scoliosis treated with spinal instrumentation. | sixty patients were treated using a multilevel spinal instrumentation system. spine arthrodesis was done posteriorly in all patients using a combination of two rods, hooks, screws, and cross-link plates. the galveston technique was used in three patients. five patients presented with late deep wound infections 1 to 5 years postoperatively. two patients presented with a local subcutaneous abscess, whereas the remaining patients had a local drainage. exploration revealed pus lining the instrumenta ... | 2003 | 12782866 |
| [community-acquired acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia]. | description of two cases of community-acquired acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia. | 2003 | 12783714 |
| photodynamic effects of antioxidant substituted porphyrin photosensitizers on gram-positive and -negative bacterial. | photodynamic treatment of the gram-negative bacteria escherichia coli b and acinetobacter baumannii and the gram-positive bacterium staphylococcus aureus was performed using two newly devised and synthesized antioxidant carrier photosensitizers (antioxidant carrier sensitizers-2 [acs-2] and antioxidant carrier sensitizers-3 [acs-3]), which are butyl hydroxy toluene and propyl gallate substituted haematoporphyrins, respectively. it was found that acs-2 is less reactive than other photosensitizers ... | 2003 | 12785058 |
| impact of antibiotic-resistant pathogens colonizing the respiratory secretions of patients in an extended-care area of the emergency department. | to determine the incidence of acquired infection, and the incidence, risk factors, and molecular typing of multidrug-resistant bacterial organisms (mros) colonizing respiratory secretions or the oropharynx of patients in an extended-care area of the emergency department (ed) in a tertiary-care university hospital. | 2003 | 12785409 |
| criteria of time and antibiotic susceptibility in the elimination of duplicates when calculating resistance frequencies. | we studied the effects of various systems of eliminating repeat isolates on the absolute number and susceptibility of pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumannii and staphylococcus aureus isolates over a 2 year period. the criterion of time is objective and reproducible, whereas that of variation in antibiotic susceptibility detects variations in the susceptibility of microorganisms that acquire resistance during treatment, but may be affected by methodological errors in determining the anti ... | 2003 | 12805258 |
| [continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance among nosocomial gram-negative bacilli from intensive care units in china]. | to investigate the change of antimicrobial resistance among nosocomial gram-negative bacilli, especially those of enterobacteriaceae isolated from intensive care units from 1994 to 2001 in china. | 2003 | 12820912 |
| presence of the tet m determinant in a clinical isolate of acinetobacter baumannii. | the tet(m) gene encodes a protein which is related to tetracycline ribosomal protection, one of the mechanisms of tetracycline resistance. a tet(m) gene that is 100% homologous to the tet(m) gene of staphylococcus aureus has been found in a clinical isolate of acinetobacter baumannii, which also carries the tet(a) gene encoding a tetracycline efflux pump. | 2003 | 12821485 |
| [characteristics of strains of acinetobacter spp. after culture in various media]. | growth, surface properties, production of lipase, histamine and some signal molecules (n-acyl-homoserine lactones, ahls) in four acinetobacter baumannii strains, in one acinetobacter lwoffii and in one acinetobacter haemolyticus strain cultivated in three complex media were studied. more intensive growth of bacterial suspensions was observed in mueller-hinton broth and in brain heart infusion in comparison with growth in proteose peptone. greater growth of bacterial strains (with the exception o ... | 2003 | 12822537 |
| prevalence of metallo-beta-lactamase among pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii in a korean university hospital and comparison of screening methods for detecting metallo-beta-lactamase. | to identify the metallo-beta-lactamases (mbls) prevalent in korea, a total of 130 clinical isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii (99 p. aeruginosa and 31 a. baumannii) with a reduced susceptibility to imipenem (ipm) and/or ceftazidime (caz) was subjected to pcr analyses with primers specific to bla(imp-1), bla(vim-1), and bla(vim-2). in addition, inhibitor-potentiated disk diffusion methods (ipd) using two kinds of substrate-inhibitor combinations (ceftazidime-2-mercapto ... | 2003 | 12842488 |
| comparison of salmonella chromogenic medium with dcls agar for isolation of salmonella species from stool specimens. | salmonella chromogenic medium (scm; oxoid, basingstoke, united kingdom), a new selective chromogenic medium, was compared to dcls agar (oxoid) for the detection and presumptive identification of salmonella species from stool samples. this medium contains two chromogenic substrates, magenta-cap (5-bromo-6-chloro-3-indolylcaprylate), which is hydrolyzed by salmonella species to give magenta colonies, and x-gal (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-d-galactopyranoside), which is incorporated to visualiz ... | 2003 | 12843068 |
| outbreak of carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii producing the oxa-23 enzyme in curitiba, brazil. | carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii isolates were obtained from eight patients in two hospitals in curitiba, brazil. the isolates were multiresistant, belonged to a single strain, and produced the oxa-23 carbapenemase. treatment options were limited, although the isolates were susceptible to polymyxin b in vitro. the strain contributed to the deaths of five patients. | 2003 | 12843104 |
| the threat from the pink corner. | in terms of numbers of isolates, the greatest present resistance problems arise with gram-positive pathogens (which stain purple/black in gram's method), especially methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). but, is the mrsa problem--by its size--blinding us to something ultimately more dangerous: the slow emergence of gram-negative pathogens (which stain pink) with resistance to all reliable antibiotics? although presently rare, 'pan-resistant' gram-negative bacteria--predominantly str ... | 2003 | 12846264 |
| lower respiratory tract infections in patients during hospital stay after heart transplantation. | a retrospective analysis was performed on the records of 95 pts who underwent heart transplantation at dept. of cardiac surgery & transplantation in 1999 and 2000 y. in 34 pts lower respiratory tract infections were observed. in all cases bacterial factor was detected in sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage. in study population we analysed influence of such factors as age of the patients, the intensity and duration of immunosuppression, pre-existing diseases and timing after transplantation on the i ... | 2003 | 12848381 |
| multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii isolates in intensive care units in greece. | one hundred and twenty-one clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii recovered from the intensive care units (icus) of nine tertiary-care hospitals in athens, greece were studied in order to determine whether the increasing appearance of resistant acinetobacters is due to the spread of epidemic strains. the majority of the isolates exhibited resistance to ampicillin-sulbactam, and the most common antibiotic resistance profiles comprised resistance to nine and eight of the 11 potentially activ ... | 2003 | 12848733 |
| the influence of inadequate empirical antimicrobial treatment on patients with bloodstream infections in an intensive care unit. | to determine the occurrence of inadequate antimicrobial therapy among critically ill patients with bacteremia and the factors associated with it, to identify the microorganisms that received inadequate antimicrobial treatment, and to determine the relationship between inadequate treatment and patients outcome. | 2003 | 12848754 |
| molecular epidemiology and mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in acinetobacter baumannii endemic in new york city. | multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a serious nosocomial pathogen in certain areas. in brooklyn, new york, citywide surveillance revealed that approximately 2 of every 3 isolates were resistant to carbapenem antibiotics. genetic fingerprinting revealed that 2 strains accounted for 82% of these resistant isolates. compared with carbapenem-susceptible isolates, carbapenem-resistant isolates had reduced expression of 47-, 44-, and 37-kda outer-membrane proteins. no specific c ... | 2003 | 12856214 |
| multidrug resistant acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a teaching hospital. | abstract acinetobacter baumannii is the most common nosocomial pathogen among all acinetobacter spp. a. baumannii tend to be resistant to multiple antibiotics, and represent a severe threat in the treatment of hospitalized patients. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, biotyping, and antibiotic resistance status of a. baumannii isolates recovered from submitted hospital clinical specimens. the in-vitro activity of 29 currently used antimicrobial agents was studied in 180 iso ... | 2003 | 12872781 |
| polymyxin b nephrotoxicity and efficacy against nosocomial infections caused by multiresistant gram-negative bacteria. | reported rates of nephrotoxicity associated with the systemic use of polymyxins have varied widely. the emergence of infections due to multiresistant gram-negative bacteria has necessitated the use of systemic polymyxin b once again for the treatment of such infections. we retrospectively investigated the rate of nephrotoxicity in patients receiving polymyxin b parenterally for the treatment of infections caused by multiresistant gram-negative bacteria from october 1999 to september 2000. demogr ... | 2003 | 12878536 |
| partial characterization of a transposon containing the tet(a) determinant in a clinical isolate of acinetobacter baumannii. | a genomic library from one clinical isolate of acinetobacter baumannii was obtained to find genes responsible for tetracycline resistance. escherichia coli dh5alpha-mdr transformants, selected on mueller-hinton agar supplemented with tetracycline 18 mg/l, were thoroughly characterized. in one clone, with an insert of 7,070 bp, it was found that the resistance to tetracycline was mediated by the tet(a) gene (1,200 bp) which encodes a tetracycline efflux pump. this gene was recovered together with ... | 2003 | 12888597 |
| evaluation of effective diffusion coefficient and intrinsic kinetic parameters on azo dye biodegradation using pva-immobilized cell beads. | an immobilized mixed culture (aeromonas hydrophila, comamonas testosteroni, and acinetobacter baumannii) was prepared by entrapment into phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol (pva) gel beads. the unsteady-state diffusion mechanism in a gel bead was applied to estimate the effective diffusion coefficients (d(e)) and the partition coefficients (k(p)) of azo dye. in addition, a simple method was developed to determine the intrinsic kinetic parameters of immobilized cells from observed reaction rates and ... | 2003 | 12889022 |
| outbreak of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase veb-1-producing isolates of acinetobacter baumannii in a french hospital. | twelve clonally related and multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii isolates were recovered during a 4-month period from 12 patients hospitalized at the valenciennes hospital in france. antibiograms determined by the double-disk diffusion technique on cloxacillin-containing plates detected a clavulanic acid-inhibited extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl). pcr and sequencing identified the gene encoding the ambler class a esbl veb-1. this gene was located on the chromosome and was part of a ... | 2003 | 12904353 |
| evaluation of a rapid pcr assay for diagnosis of meningococcal meningitis. | we compared the results of gram staining and culture of cerebrospinal fluid to results obtained with a rapid pcr assay for the diagnosis of meningococcal meningitis in 281 cases of suspected bacterial meningitis. pcr had a sensitivity of 97% compared to a sensitivity of 55% for culture, and the pcr specificity was 99.6%. pcr results were available within 2 h of the start of the assay. | 2003 | 12904400 |
| imipenem resistance in nonfermenters causing nosocomial urinary tract infections. | nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli (nonfermenters) have emerged as important nosocomial pathogens causing opportunistic infections in immunocompromised hosts. these organisms show high level of resistance to b-lactam agents, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. imipenem is a carbapenem antibiotic, which can be very useful for treatment of infections caused by nonfermenters. eighty-five nonfermenters causing nosocomial uti were tested for mic to imipenem by agar dilution method. resistance to o ... | 2003 | 12928556 |
| insertion sequence isecp1b is involved in expression and mobilization of a bla(ctx-m) beta-lactamase gene. | the genetic structures (ca. 10-kb dna fragment) surrounding the plasmid-borne extended-spectrum beta-lactamase bla(ctx-m-19) gene in a klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate were determined. this beta-lactamase gene was part of a 4,797-bp transposon inserted inside orf1 of tn1721. inside this transposon, bla(ctx-m-19) was bracketed upstream and downstream by insertion sequences ise cp1b and is903d, respectively, and further downstream by a truncated gene encoding an outer membrane protein for ir ... | 2003 | 12936998 |
| in vitro activities of abt-492, a new fluoroquinolone, against 155 aerobic and 171 anaerobic pathogens isolated from antral sinus puncture specimens from patients with sinusitis. | abt-492 exhibited excellent in vitro activities against all 326 aerobic and anaerobic antral puncture sinus isolates tested with mics (in micrograms per milliliter) at which 90% of the isolates tested were inhibited as follows: haemophilus influenzae, 0.001; moraxella catarrhalis, 0.008; and streptococcus pneumoniae, 0.015. it was four- to sixfold more active than other fluoroquinolones, including against levofloxacin-resistant strains of s. pneumoniae, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureu ... | 2003 | 12937015 |
| frequencies and mechanisms of resistance to moxifloxacin in nosocomial isolates of acinetobacter baumannii. | to compare the in vitro activity of moxifloxacin and ciprofloxacin against 226 nosocomial isolates of acinetobacter baumannii from 44 hospitals in the uk. | 2003 | 12951327 |
| ampc cephalosporinase hyperproduction in acinetobacter baumannii clinical strains. | to compare the genetic environments of ampc genes in different acinetobacter baumannii isolates showing different levels of beta-lactam resistance. | 2003 | 12951337 |
| development and clinical evaluation of an internally controlled, single-tube multiplex real-time pcr assay for detection of legionella pneumophila and other legionella species. | a multiplex real-time pcr assay for detection of legionella pneumophila and legionella spp. and including an internal control was designed. legionella species, l. pneumophila, and the internal control were detected simultaneously by probes labeled with 6-carboxy-fluorescein, hexachlorofluorescein, and indodicarbocyanine, respectively. therefore, no postamplification analysis was required in order to distinguish the targets. the sensitivity of both assays was 2.5 cfu/ml, and from analysis of 10 c ... | 2003 | 12958219 |
| detection and analysis of iron uptake components expressed by acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. | the acinetobacter baumannii 19606 prototype strain produces a 78-kda iron-regulated outer membrane protein immunologically related to fata, which is required for iron acquisition by the fish pathogen vibrio anguillarum via the anguibactin-mediated system. this a. baumannii strain also secretes histamine, a biosynthetic precursor of the siderophore anguibactin. in contrast, the a. baumannii 8399 clinical strain isolated in oregon produces a siderophore and a putative 73-kda iron-regulated outer m ... | 2003 | 12958246 |
| prevalence and in-vitro antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of acinetobacter strains isolated from patients in intensive care units. | fifty-six acinetobacter species strains (49 acinetobacter baumanii, 5 acinetobacter calcoaceticus, 2 acinetobacter iwoffii) were detected using both conventional methods and gas chromatography of bacterial fatty acids with the midi sherlock microbial identification system. the susceptibilities of these strains to 16 antimicrobial agents were investigated by the disc-diffusion method according to the national committee for clinical laboratory standards. the production of extended-spectrum beta-la ... | 2003 | 12964502 |
| outbreak of acinetobacter spp septicemia in a neonatal icu. | an outbreak of acinetobacter spp infection in the neonatal unit at lok nayak hospital, new delhi, india, is described. during a 6-month period, 68 strains of acinetobacter baumannii were isolated from the blood and csf of 47 neonates admitted to the intensive care unit. diagnosis of clinically significant bacteremia was made in 36 patients. on environmental/personnel sampling, acinetobacter spp isolates with similar antibiogram were recovered from intravenous catheter and washbasin. control of t ... | 2003 | 12971564 |
| [in vitro activity of azithromycin against clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii]. | the activity of azithromycin against 225 clinical strains of acinetobacter baumannii isolated consecutively from 26 spanish hospitals in november 2000 was studied. the mics of azithromycin were determined by microdilution, according to the nccls guidelines. the bactericidal activity of azithromycin against 15 clonally unrelated a. baumannii strains with different antimicrobial susceptibility patterns was tested using the subculture method. the killing-curves method was also performed against fiv ... | 2003 | 12973458 |
| intravenous colistin in the treatment of sepsis from multiresistant gram-negative bacilli in critically ill patients. | the increasing prevalence of multiresistant gram-negative strains in intensive care units (icus) has recently rekindled interest in colistin, a bactericidal antibiotic that was used in the 1960s for treatment of infections caused by gram-negative bacilli. we conducted the present observational study to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous colistin in the treatment of critically ill patients with sepsis caused by gram-negative bacilli resistant to all other antibiotics. | 2003 | 12974973 |
| bacterium anitratum (b5w) isolated from cerebral abscesses. | | 1953 | 13123918 |
| severe bacterial infection in transfusion-dependent patients with thalassemia major. | the incidence and clinical spectrum of severe bacterial infection were studied in 89 patients with thalassemia major that was diagnosed between january 1971 and march 2002. there were 20 patients with 24 episodes of severe bacterial infection, resulting in an incidence of 1.6 infections per 100 patient-years. the clinical spectrum included liver abscess (6 cases), septicemia (6 cases), soft-tissue infection (2 cases), osteomyelitis (2 cases), corneal ulcer (1 case), enteritis (1 case), and absce ... | 2003 | 13130412 |
| [pathogenic or saprophytic bacteria transforming glucose to gluconic acid, bacterium anitratum, b5w, moraxella lwoffi var. glucidolytica, neisseria winogradskyi]. | | 1954 | 13171653 |
| bacterium anitratum (b5w) strains isolated in ontario. | | 1954 | 13172645 |
| studies on a soap tolerant organism: a new variety of bacterium anitratum. | | 1955 | 13278472 |
| [proteolytic types of moraxella lwoffi and moraxella glucidolytica (bacterium anitratum)]. | | 1956 | 13327511 |
| [pathogenic role and incidence of bacteria of the bacterium anitratum type]. | | 1956 | 13363040 |
| [studies on bacteria of the type bacterium anitratum (b 5 w) and their sensitivity to sulfonamides and antibiotics]. | | 1956 | 13390179 |
| [oxidation of lactose in lactobionic acid by pathogenic or saprophytic bacteria (bacterium anitratum)]. | | 1955 | 13403316 |
| infections due to bacterium anitratum. | | 1957 | 13443551 |