Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| nosocomial bacteremia due to acinetobacter baumannii. clinical features, epidemiology, and predictors of mortality. | to study the possible predisposing factors, clinical features, molecular epidemiology, and factors affecting mortality associated with bacteremia due to acinetobacter baumannii, we reviewed 87 episodes of a. baumannii bacteremia occurring in 79 patients hospitalized at 2 university tertiary care centers and 4 community-based hospitals during a recent 18-month period. plasmid dna analysis and analysis of genomic dna with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was performed to investigate possible epide ... | 1995 | 7500897 |
| in vitro activity of beta-lactamase inhibitors against clinical isolates of acinetobacter species. | acinetobacter is an important cause of nosocomial infections, and it is often resistant to many antibiotics. in a search for alternative agents, three beta-lactamase inhibitors (sulbactam, clavulanate, and tazobactam) and five beta-lactam antibiotics (imipenem, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, and piperacillin) were tested against 68 unique clinical isolates of acinetobacter species. minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined by a broth microdilution method. using temperature sensiti ... | 1995 | 7628190 |
| outbreak caused by two multi-resistant acinetobacter baumannii clones in a burns unit: emergence of resistance to imipenem. | since early 1992 an increased number of tobramycin- and imipenem-resistant acinetobacter spp. were observed causing colonization, wound infections, and bacteraemias in a burns and plastic surgery unit. this raised the question of whether this outbreak was caused by a single or by multiple acinetobacter spp. clones. to study this, 97 acinetobacter spp. isolates from clinical samples from different hospital units as well as isolates from the environment and the hands of the staff were characterize ... | 1995 | 7499820 |
| correlation of six methods for typing nosocomial isolates of acinetobacter baumannii. | a comparative study of biotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility, whole-cell protein analysis, plasmid analysis, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of chromosomal dna and polymerase chain reaction with arbitrary primers of acinetobacter baumannii isolates from three large hospitals was performed to determine the best markers for epidemiological purposes. ninety-two isolates were included: 38 belonged to a previously described outbreak and 54 were randomly selected from sporadic cases of infection. b ... | 1995 | 7752211 |
| mutation in the gyra gene of quinolone-resistant clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii. | the gyra gene mutations associated with quinolone resistance were determined in 21 epidemiologically unrelated clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii. our studies highlight the conserved sequences in the quinolone resistance-determining region of the gyra gene from a. baumannii and other bacteria. all 15 isolates for which the mic of ciprofloxacin is > or = 4 micrograms/ml showed a change at ser-83 to leu. six strains for which the mic of ciprofloxacin is 1 microgram/ml did not show any ch ... | 1995 | 7625818 |
| nosocomial acquisition of multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii: risk factors and prognosis. | to identify risk factors for and prognostic indicators of the nosocomial acquisition of multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care unit, we prospectively studied 40 patients: 13 who were infected with this organism and 27 who were colonized. isolates were identified by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; the infected/colonized patients were compared with 348 noninfected, noncolonized patients by logistic regression analysis and with matched historical controls in a cohort study. t ... | 1995 | 7795075 |
| exposure of clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii and genospecies 3 to defibrinated human blood with and without added human 'natural' or (patient) immune antibodies. | fresh defibrinated blood (65% v/v) from 2 human donors failed to completely kill strains of acinetobacter baumannii and genospecies 3, representing four serovars each. although colony counts were reduced > or = 90%, there invariably occurred rebound growth following extended incubation. neither selected serovar-specific or isolate-homologous (following experimental bacteremia) rabbit immune sera nor three intravenously applicable igg preparations augmented the bactericidal activity of human bloo ... | 1995 | 7758361 |
| nosocomial outbreak caused by a multiresistant clone of acinetobacter baumannii: results of the case-control and molecular epidemiologic investigations. | to describe a nosocomial outbreak caused by multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii. | 1995 | 7759825 |
| [sensitivity of acinetobacter baumannii to antibiotics and disinfectants used in a tunisian hospital milieu]. | seventy-nine strains of acinetobacter baumannii isolated from pathologic products obtained mainly from surgical and intensive care units at the rabta hospital in tunisia were studied. the sensitivity of these bacteria to the antibiotics used singly or in combination was tested in order to determine the most effective agents. sensitivity to the disinfectants routinely used in our hospital was also studied using the "dilution-neutralisation" method according to "afnor" norms in order to identify t ... | 1995 | 8559024 |
| molecular nosocomial epidemiology: high speed typing of microbial pathogens by arbitrary primed polymerase chain reaction assays. | arbitrary primed polymerase chain reaction (ap pcr) assays are suited for the discrimination of isolates of all clinically relevant bacterial species. in a hospital setting, this type of dna amplification test can be used for the timely detection of ongoing nosocomial outbreaks. for rapid screening of isolates of many medically important bacterial species, including acinetobacter baumannii, staphylococcus aureus, serratia marcescens, xanthomonas maltophilia and others, a single ap pcr assay can ... | 1995 | 8601687 |
| differentiation of acinetobacter calcoaceticus sensu stricto from related acinetobacter species by electrophoretic polymorphism of malate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase and catalase. | acinetobacter baumannii, unnamed acinetobacter species 3 (studied by p.j.m. bouvet and p.a.d. grimont) and unnamed dna group 13 (studied by i. tjernberg and j. ursing) are the most prevalent acinetobacter species in hospitals. using the identification scheme of bouvet and grimont, it is sometimes difficult to differentiate these species from a. calcoaceticus sensu stricto, a species of the natural environment that has seldom been found associated with human infection. genetically identified acin ... | 1995 | 8584799 |
| structural studies of the putative o-specific polysaccharide of acinetobacter baumannii o2 containing 3,6-dideoxy-3-n-(d-3-hydroxybutyryl)amino-d-galactose. | a polysaccharide containing d-galactose, 2-deoxy-2-n-acetylamino-d-galactose and 3,6-dideoxy-3-n-(d-3-hydroxybutyryl)amino-d-galactose, probably corresponding to the lipopolysaccharide side chain, was obtained from an aqueous phenol extract of isolated cell walls from acinetobacter baumannii strain o2. by means of nmr studies and chemical degradations, the repeating unit of the polymer was identified as a branched hexasaccharide of the structure shown, where fuc3n represents 3-amino-3,6-dideoxyg ... | 1995 | 8521857 |
| imipenem resistance in clinical isolates of proteus mirabilis associated with alterations in penicillin-binding proteins. | two strains of proteus mirabilis, ipr1 and ipr2, resistant to both imipenem and mecillinam, but susceptible to other beta-lactams were isolated from blood cultures of patients who had been treated with imipenem. strain ipr1 was isolated in the same sample as a p. mirabilis ips1 which was susceptible to imipenem and mecillinam. strains ipr1 and ipr2 did not produce a beta-lactamase and their outer membrane protein profiles were similar to those of ips1 and p. mirabilis atcc 29906. electrophoretic ... | 1995 | 8522463 |
| comparison of arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction and cell envelope protein electrophoresis for analysis of acinetobacter baumannii and a. junii outbreaks. | two successive acinetobacter outbreaks in a neonatal intensive care unit were studied with arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (ap-pcr), cell envelope protein electrophoresis (protein fingerprinting) and antibiotic susceptibility testing. ap-pcr fingerprinting and protein fingerprinting yielded identical clustering of the isolates studied. susceptibility test results were useful for rapid recognition of the outbreaks, but clustering of several isolates was different from the clustering ... | 1995 | 8525062 |
| effect of substrate and cell surface hydrophobicity on phosphate utilization in bacteria. | we measured the rates of utilization of hydrophobic and hydrophilic phosphate compounds in gram-negative bacteria with different surface hydrophobicities, isolated from wetland habitats. three hydrophobic and two hydrophilic bacterial species were selected for study by measuring cell adherence to hydrocarbons. the bacteria were grown under phosphorus-limited conditions with p(infi), hydrophilic (beta)-glycerophosphate, or hydrophobic phosphatidic acid as the phosphate source. hydrophilic bacteri ... | 1995 | 16534975 |
| clusters of nosocomial cross-infection due to acinetobacter baumannii and genospecies 3: comparison of serotyping with macrorestriction analysis of genomic dna with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | triplets of isolates representing 20 putative clusters of nosocomial cross-infection due to acinetobacter baumannii and genospecies 3 were examined comparatively using serotyping and analysis of restriction fragments (smai and apai) of genomic dna with the aid of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. carbon source assimilation tests disclosed phenotypic variation among 6 to 20 triplets of isolates. two misleading results of serotyping were encountered. with respect to the presumptive cluster no. 9, ... | 1996 | 8837375 |
| relevance of digestive tract colonization in the epidemiology of nosocomial infections due to multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii. | fecal colonization with multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii was evaluated in 189 consecutive patients in intensive care units (icus) during two different 2-month periods (october-november 1993 and may-june 1994). rectal swabs were obtained weekly from admission to discharge from the icu. overall, 77 patients (41%) had multiresistant a. baumannii fecal colonization; colonization was detected in 55 (71%) of the patients within the first week of their icu stay. clinical infections due to multire ... | 1996 | 8842272 |
| isolation and characterization of soil microorganisms capable of utilizing the herbicide diclofop-methyl as a sole source of carbon and energy. | six nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli were isolated from manitoban soils after enrichment with diclofopmethyl. microscopic examination and physiological and biochemical tests have identified the organisms as sphingomonas paucimobilis, acinetobacter baumannii, chryseomonas luteola, pseudomonas aureofaciens, pseudomonas cepacia, and pseudomonas fluorescens. growth curve studies showed that each of the isolates was able to grow in minimal medium with diclofop-methyl as the sole source of carbon ... | 1996 | 8868228 |
| changing trends in the antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii. | acinetobacter baumannii has recently emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen because of its resistance to the majority of commonly used antimicrobial agents. therefore, the pattern of isolation of acinetobacter baumannii in our laboratory and the in vitro susceptibilities to various antimicrobial agents were studied. one hundred and two clinical isolates of previously identified acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratus from different patients were collected from the diagnostic bacteriology ... | 1996 | 8799001 |
| evaluation of the ability of a commercial system to identify acinetobacter genomic species. | a collection of 130 acinetobacter strains identified by dna hybridization to 18 different genomic species was used to assess the ability of the api 20ne system (biomérieux, france) to identify acinetobacter genomic species and to determine its accuracy. fifty-eight (87%) of the 67 strains of genomic species defined in the database (version 5.1) were identified to the appropriate genomic species. the acinetobacter baumannii strains and the acinetobacter haemolyticus strains were all identified co ... | 1996 | 8781881 |
| [in vitro study of antibacterial activity of cefepime (axepim) against gram negative bacteria: comparison with cephalosporins and other beta-lactams]. | the susceptibility to cefepime and to other beta-lactams of 1017 inducible cephalosporinase-producing enterobacteria, 897 pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, and 295 acinetobacter baumanii strains was studied over a two-year period (july 1, 1993 to june 30, 1995). the isolates were from patients in visceral surgery, intensive care, and clinical hematology wards. cefepime was compared to other third-generation cephalosporins and to imipenem, aztreonam, and the piperacillin-tazobactam combination. cef ... | 1996 | 8761598 |
| [identification and typing of hospital strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumanni complex]. | a collection of 95 strains of the acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex, isolated between 1991 and 1993 in the prague burn center (bc), was studied. ninety-one strains were isolated from 43 patients: 50 of them from burnt sites, 22 from endotracheal tube, 13 from urine, 3 from blood and 3 from venous catheter, and 4 strains were isolated from the hospital environment and the nursing staff. the strains were classified by restriction endonuclease fingerprinting of total dna, ... | 1996 | 8756404 |
| structural studies of the putative o-specific polysaccharide of acinetobacter baumannii o11. | a major polysaccharide containing d-galactose, d-glucose and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galactose was obtained after mild acid hydrolysis of the water-soluble material released by treatment of cell walls from acinetobacter baumannii strain o11 with hot, aqueous phenol. by means of nmr studies, smith degradation and n-deacetylation/deamination, the repeating unit of the polymer was identified as a branched pentasaccharide of the structure shown. also present was a minor polymer containing glucose, 2-a ... | 1996 | 8620883 |
| resistant nosocomial gram-negative bacillary pathogens: acinetobacter baumannii, xanthomonas maltophilia, and pseudomonas cepacia. | 1996 | 8714248 | |
| in vitro activities of quinolones, beta-lactams, tobramycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole against nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli. | from 1991 to 1995, 8,975 nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli were isolated from patients at the ohio state university medical center: 71% pseudomonas aeruginosa, 14% stenotrophomonas maltophilia, 7.6% acinetobacter baumannii, and < 2% each of 25 other species. the mics of trovafloxacin (cp-99,219), ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, ampicillin-sulbactam, piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefoperazone, ceftriaxone, imipenem, tobramycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz) were ... | 1996 | 8726011 |
| validation of use of whole-cell repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence-based pcr (rep-pcr) for typing strains belonging to the acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex and application of the method to the investigation of a hospital outbreak. | acinetobacter spp. are being reported with increasing frequency as causes of nosocomial infection. in order to identify reservoirs of infection as quickly as possible, a rapid typing method that can differentiate epidemic strains from environmental and nonepidemic strains is needed. in 1993, a cluster of acinetobacter baumannii isolates from five patients in the adult intensive therapy unit of our tertiary-care teaching hospital led us to develop and optimize a rapid repetitive extragenic palind ... | 1996 | 8727902 |
| in-vitro activity of antimicrobial agent combinations against multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii. | 1996 | 9023661 | |
| structure of the o-specific polysaccharide of acinetobacter baumannii o5 containing 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galacturonic acid. | a polysaccharide containing 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose (glcnac), 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-l-fucose (fucnac), and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galacturonic acid (galnaca) was isolated from an aqueous phenol extract of lipid-free, isolated cell walls of the reference strain for acinetobacter baumannii serogroup o5, by mild acid hydrolysis of the extract and chromatography of the water-soluble products on sephadex g-50. by means of nmr studies, methylation analysis, carboxyl reduction and chemical degradati ... | 1996 | 8620877 |
| influence of relative humidity and suspending menstrua on survival of acinetobacter spp. on dry surfaces. | acinetobacter spp. are being reported with increasing frequency as a cause of nosocomial infection and have been isolated from the skin of healthy individuals, patients, hospital staff, dry nonbiotic objects, and different pieces of medical equipment. factors affecting the survival of acinetobacter spp. under conditions closely similar to those found in the hospital environment were investigated in the present study to help us understand the epidemiology of nosocomial acinetobacter infection. ba ... | 1996 | 8940416 |
| comparison of rapid automated laser fluorescence analysis of dna fingerprints with four other computer-assisted approaches for studying relationships between acinetobacter baumannii isolates. | the relationships between isolates suggested by a novel dna typing method (rapd-alfa) that combines randomly amplified polymorphic dna with automated on-line laser fluorescence analysis of dna fragments were compared with those suggested by four other computer-assisted typing strategies (biotyping, antibiogram typing, pulsed-field gel analysis of chromosomal fingerprints and arbitrarily-primed dna amplification with three different primers) for 25 isolates of acinetobacter baumannii obtained fro ... | 1996 | 8636935 |
| in-vitro activity of cephalosporins alone and combined with sulbactam against various strains of acinetobacter baumannii with different antibiotic resistance profiles. | the beta-lactamases of six strains of acinetobacter baumannii were investigated using analytical isoelectric focusing, and the mic values for 16 beta-lactam antibiotics determined against the strains. three strains produced a chromosomal cephalosporinase (pi > 8.5), one strain a carb-5 beta-lactamase (pi = 6.35), one strain a tem-1 penicillinase (pi = 5.4) as well as a cephalosporinase (pi > 8.5), and one carbapenem-resistant strain a beta-lactamase with a pi > 8.5. ceftazidime, cefepime, cefpir ... | 1996 | 8647758 |
| holy water--a risk factor for hospital-acquired infection. | a case of hospital-acquired infection due to acinetobacter baumanii in a burns patient after exposure to holy water is described. in order to assess the infection risk, 13 samples of holy water were cultured for bacteria, (including legionellae) and yeasts. viable bacterial counts ranged from 1 center dot 3 x 10(3)-3 center dot 8 x 10(8) cfu/l (mean 3 center dot 1 x 10(7) cfu/l). a wide range of bacterial species was isolated including pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter spp. escherichia coli a ... | 1996 | 8904372 |
| [kinetics of bactericidal activity of cefepime and cefpirome alone or combined with gentamicin, amikacin or ciprofloxacin against acinetobacter baumannii, stenotrophomonas maltophilia and enterobacter cloacae hyperproductive in cephalosporinase]. | nosocomial infections encountered in intensive care units are frequently due to gram negative bacilli among which stenotrophomonas maltophilia, acinetobacter sp., and enterobacter sp. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro bactericidal activity of the new broad spectrum cephalosporins cefepime (fep) and cefpirome (cpo) alone or in combination with amikacin (akn), gentamicin (gtn) or ciprofloxacin (cip) against acinetobacter baumannii, stenotrophomonas maltophilia and enterobac ... | 1996 | 8758478 |
| biofilm formation by acinetobacter baumannii. | acinetobacter baumannii, an important nosocomial pathogen is usually found on various surfaces in the hospital environment. in this work, the ability to form biofilms on the surface of sterile coverslips by one clinical isolate of a. baumannii was studied. sessile cells which adhered to coverslips after being immersed in a nutrient-deficient mineral medium were observed by epifluorescence and scanning electron microscopy at various times of incubation. a rapid increase in the number of sessile c ... | 1996 | 8771775 |
| characterization of the chromosomal cephalosporinases produced by acinetobacter lwoffii and acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. | the beta-lactamases produced by acinetobacter lwoffii ula-501, acinetobacter baumannii ula-187, and a. baumannii ac-14 strains were purified and characterized, and their kinetic interactions with several beta-lactam molecules, including substrates and inhibitors, were studied in detail. the three enzymes appeared to be cephalosporinases with different acylation efficiencies (kcat/km ratio values), and their hydrolytic activities were inhibited by benzylpenicillin, piperacillin, and cefotaxime, w ... | 1996 | 8851599 |
| sequence analysis of the gene encoding a novel l-2,4-diaminobutyrate decarboxylase of acinetobacter baumannii: similarity to the group ii amino acid decarboxylases. | the gene (ddc) encoding a novel enzyme, l-2,4-diaminobutyrate decarboxylase (daba-dc; ec 4.1.1.-) in acinetobacter baumannii was sequenced, and an open reading frame of 1,530 nucleotides was detected. the sequence of 20 n-terminal amino acids of purified daba-dc and of its proteolytic peptide fragments coincided with those deduced from the nucleotide sequence determined. comparison of the predicted amino acid sequence of the a. baumannii enzyme with those of other pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependen ... | 1996 | 8772175 |
| mechanisms of bacterial antibiotic resistance. | infectious complications are major contributing factors to morbidity and mortality in the icu setting. organisms frequently encountered in the icu include pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae (particularly in trauma victims), enterococci, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter spp., acinetobacter baumanii, escherichia coli, and stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia. antibiotics have played a major role in the treatment of infections caused by such bacterial pat ... | 1996 | 8856749 |
| [bactericide activity of sulbactam before bacteria belonging to the acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex]. | to evaluate the bactericidal activity of colistin, imipenem and sulbactam against 24 acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex isolations. | 1996 | 9035707 |
| bacteremia due to acinetobacter baumannii: epidemiology, clinical findings, and prognostic features. | the number of nosocomial infections caused by acinetobacter baumannii has increased in recent years. during a 12-month study, there were 1.8 episodes of a. baumannii bacteremia per 1,000 adults admitted to a hospital in seville, spain. seventy-nine patients were included in the study. a. baumannii bacteremia occurred after a mean (+/- sd) hospitalization of 18 +/- 20 days. in all cases the infections were acquired nosocomially; 71% wee acquired in intensive care units. ampicillin/ sulbactam was ... | 1996 | 8783704 |
| dna amplification fingerprinting (daf) applied to the investigation of acinetobacter baumanii isolated from intensive care unit patients. | acinetobacter are important emerging nosocomial pathogens. in this paper thirteen acinetobacter baumanii from intensive care patients were isolated. these were initially typed using the api-20 ne biotyping system and antibiogram analysis. results obtained using these methods failed to convincingly characterise the organisms. in this report a method to characterise these acinetobacter baumanii isolates is described, which utilises a modified polymerase chain reaction (pcr), capable of generating ... | 1996 | 8867499 |
| sinusitis in mechanically ventilated patients and its role in the pathogenesis of nosocomial pneumonia. | nosocomial sinusitis is a complication of endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients. its incidence is often underestimated because of a lack of clinical signs. it is suspected in patients with nasal discharge or unexplained fever. its diagnosis is based on radiological examination, by radiograph or computed tomography scan, and microbiological cultures of maxillary sinus aspirate. maxillary sinusitis is often associated with involvement of the sphenoid, ethmoi ... | 1996 | 8874069 |
| biotypes, serovars and antimicrobial resistance patterns of acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. | 255 acinetobacter strains, from clinical specimens of inpatients and outpatients, were identified phenotypically according to the new taxonomy proposed by bouvet and grimont. a. baumannii was the most frequent species (80.8%). this species underwent biotyping and serotyping according to the scheme of bouvet and grimont, and that of traub, respectively, 81.2% of samples belonged to biotypes 2, 6 and 9 with a predominance of biotype 2. 86.6% of the strains could be serotyped; 2 new serotypes were ... | 1996 | 8899973 |
| imipenem resistance among acinetobacter baumannii: association with reduced expression of a 33-36 kda outer membrane protein. | the mechanism of imipenem resistance of two acinetobacter baumannii isolates (a-1 and a-24) was characterized in this study. a spontaneous revertant (a-1 (rev)) derived from isolate a-1 showed susceptibility to imipenem. beta-lactamase hydrolysis studies showed no evidence of an imipenem hydrolyzing enzyme among a-1, a-24, a-1 (rev), or two other imipenem susceptible a. baumannii isolates. outer membrane protein (omp) analysis indicated decreased expression of a 33-36 kda protein by isolates a-1 ... | 1996 | 8877538 |
| behaviour of acinetobacter strains with normal human serum. | the bactericidal activity of normal human serum (nhs) and treated nhs to avoid either the classical complement pathway (cpc) or the alternative complement pathway (apc) was studied with four strains identified as acinetobacter baumanii. three of them were sensitive to serum whereas only one was serum resistant. the serum sensitive strains showed different susceptibility mechanisms: one strain was sensitive to both the cpc and the apc and the others were sensitive only to apc. serum sensitive and ... | 1996 | 8884057 |
| microbial causes of ventilator-associated pneumonia. | aspiration of microorganisms colonizing the oropharynx is the main route of bacterial entry to lower airways in mechanically ventilated patients. examination of the microbial flora involved in ventilator-associated pneumonia shows that only few species, among the many oropharynx microorganisms, are responsible for the majority of lower respiratory tract colonizations and infections in intubated patients. underlying disease, length of intubation, and type and duration of prior antibiotic therapy ... | 1996 | 8885060 |
| [characteristics of multiresistant gram-negative bacteria and their occurrence at the medical school hospital in olomouc]. | currently, a persistent growth of bacterial resistance to antibiotics takes place. multiresistant bacterial strains thus represent a serious danger for therapy in practice. the aim of the study was to characterize the multiresistant gram-negative bacteria and to judge their antibiograms by using the minimum inhibition concentrations (mic). at the same time the study evaluates the relations to the most frequent diagnoses and epidemiologic data concerning the occurrence of these strains in differe ... | 1996 | 8689319 |
| comparison of outbreak and nonoutbreak acinetobacter baumannii strains by genotypic and phenotypic methods. | thirty-one acinetobacter baumannii strains, comprising 14 strains from 14 outbreaks in different northwestern european cities and 17 sporadic strains, were compared by investigating various properties of the strains including biotype, antibiogram, cell envelope protein electrophoretic profile, ribotype pattern, and the band pattern generated by a novel genomic fingerprinting method, named aflp, which is based on the selective amplification of restriction fragments. results showed that 12 strains ... | 1996 | 8735109 |
| [nosocomial bacterial infection in comprehensive intensive care unit]. | to establish the prevalence of nosocomial bacterial infection and changes in resistance in a comprehensive intensive care unit. | 1996 | 8758270 |
| use of macrorestriction analysis to demonstrate interhospital spread of multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii in são paulo, brazil. | we evaluated the spread of acinetobacter baumannii strains among three hospitals located in são paulo, brazil. a total of 46 isolates, which were typed by chromosomal dna analysis with use of pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge), were tested for susceptibility to the fluoroquinolones, carbapenems, aminoglycosides (amikacin), cephalosporins, polymyxin b, and ampicillin/sulbactam by means of the broth microdilution method, disk diffusion, and the e-test. isolates with an identical pfge pattern ... | 1996 | 8879791 |
| an outbreak of multiresistant acinetobacter baumanii in a university hospital in são paulo, brazil. | a case-control (46 cases, 23 controls) study was done to determine risk factors for an outbreak of a multiresistant acinetobacter baumanii (only susceptible to colistin) in a university hospital. the use of antecedent antibacterials and intubation were independent risk factors. no common source was found. with control measures, the outbreak resolved gradually. | 1996 | 8805068 |
| the use of plasmid profile analysis and ribotyping for typing acinetobacter baumannii isolates. | plasmid profiles were used to analyse 39 acinetobacter baumannii isolates from 36 patients at three hospitals. the isolates were prevously classified by biotyping and rdna fingerprinting. ribotyping was useful to establish the lineage of isolates and to confirm genospecies identification. thirty-seven isolates (94.9%) contained plasmids. the variable number of plasmids with different molecular weights in each isolate enabled the identification of 13 profiles without the need for endonuclease dig ... | 1996 | 8910756 |
| pharmacokinetics and bactericidal activity of a single daily dose of netilmicin in the treatment of capd-associated peritonitis. | single daily dosage of netilmicin is generally accepted in systemic infections, due to biphasic bactericidal activity and prolonged postantibiotic effect of aminoglycosides. since little is known about the efficacy of single daily intraperitoneal application of netilmicin in the treatment of capd-associated peritonitis, we conducted this prospective study. seven patients with capd-associated peritonitis were treated with a single daily dose of netilmicin (loading dose 1.5 mg/kg, followed by 40 m ... | 1996 | 8937927 |
| structure of a surface polysaccharide from acinetobacter baumannii o16. | 1996 | 8938378 | |
| investigation of a multiyear multiple critical care unit outbreak due to relatively drug-sensitive acinetobacter baumannii: risk factors and attributable mortality. | from 1990 to 1993, an outbreak of respiratory acinetobacter baumannii infection occurred in five intensive care units (icus) of a tertiary care center. a. baumannii was subsequently isolated from disinfected temperature probes and ventilator circuits. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis suggested that a single strain accounted for 93% of patient isolates and 88% of environmental isolates. univariate risk factors for a. baumannii acquisition were tracheostomy (p < .01), ventilation >3 days (p < .01) ... | 1996 | 8940219 |
| phenotypic and genotypic characterization of clinically recovered presumptive acinetobacter baumannii isolates which failed to grow at 44 degrees c. | eleven clinical isolates of acinetobacter, which exhibited an identical biochemical profile compatible with genospecies 3 and failed to grow at 44 degrees c, were not agglutinated by polyclonal rabbit immune sera against 26 serovars of genospecies 3. rather, all 11 isolates reacted strongly with antiserum against serovar 18 of a. baumannii. macrorestriction (smai) analysis of genomic dna revealed that only one isolate was genotypically different, whereas the remaining ones were either closely re ... | 1996 | 8946693 |
| in vitro bactericidal effect of a beta-lactam+aminoglycoside combination against multiresistant pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii. | pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii are frequently isolated in hospital outbreaks of nosocomial infections. in our hospital, among 1018 strains isolated one year in an intensive care unit, 84 strains (8.3%) of p. aeruginosa and 155 strains (15.2%) of a. baumannii were considered responsible for infections. the major problem related to these bacteria is their multiresistant characteristic which confers great difficulty in treating infections. we carried out a 24 h time-kill study t ... | 1996 | 8957716 |
| [antibiotic sensitivity of aerobic gram-negative bacilli isolated from severe infections in 1992: results of a french multicenter study. groupe d'etude d'infections à bacilles à gram négatif (geign)]. | antibiotic susceptibility of 649 gram-negative bacilli involved in severe infections and isolated in 18 teaching hospitals from january to december 1992 was evaluated. | 1996 | 8958855 |
| cell surface properties of acinetobacter baumannii. | cell surface properties of 78 strains of acinetobacter baumannii of different origin (lower respiratory tract, wound, blood and environment) were investigated. the bacterial adhesion to collagen, fibronectin, fibrinogen and vitronectin was detected by particle agglutination assays. salt aggregation tests were used to determine the cell surface hydrophobicity of isolated a. baumannii strains. we found that a. baumannii strains originating from patients with wound infection and bacteraemia showed ... | 1996 | 8972690 |
| in vitro activity of ampicillin-sulbactam against clinical multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii isolates. | we evaluated the in vitro activity of ampicillin-sulbactam in comparison with that of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents against acinetobacter baumannii isolates. two hundred and twelve clinical isolates collected between january 1993 and march 1995 from two tertiary hospitals located in são paulo, brazil were tested for susceptibility by the disk diffusion method against several broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, including imipenem, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, aztreonam, amikacin, and polymy ... | 1996 | 8981180 |
| secondary carriage with multi-resistant acinetobacter baumannii and klebsiella pneumoniae in an adult icu population: relationship with nosocomial infections and mortality. | a one year prospective, observational survey was performed to evaluate the abnormal carriage of multi-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae and/ or acinetobacter baumannii, to determine associated risk factors for carriage, and to correlate the abnormal carriage with infectious morbidity and mortality in the intensive care unit (icu) of a university hospital. two hundred and ninety-eight patients who stayed in the icu > 48h, and were not neutropenic, were studied. salivary and rectal samples were obta ... | 1996 | 8971617 |
| outbreak of gentamicin-resistant acinetobacter baumanii in an intensive care unit: clinical, epidemiological and microbiological features. | the clinical, epidemiological and microbiological features of an outbreak of infection and colonisation caused by gentamicin-resistant acinetobacter baumanii (grab) in an 18-bed intensive care unit (icu) of a 680-bed adult teaching hospital are described. a retrospective review of medical, laboratory and infection control records was followed by prospective surveillance. typing of isolates was performed by restriction enzyme analysis (rea) of chromosomal dna. the incidence of grab in the icu inc ... | 1996 | 9007958 |
| synthesis and structure-activity relationships of cephalosporins, 2-isocephems, and 2-oxaisocephems with c-3' or c-7 catechol or related aromatics. | a series of cephalosporins, 2-isocephems, and 2-oxaisocephems with c-3' catechol-containing (pyridinium-4-thio)methyl groups and 2-isocephems with c-7 catechol related aromatics have been prepared and evaluated for antimicrobial activity. it turns out that these compounds have highly potent activity against gram-negative bacteria, especially resistant pathogens such as pseudomonas aeruginosa. the most active compound of the series was (6s,7s)-7-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-[(z)-[(1,5-dihydroxy-4-p ... | 1996 | 9022977 |
| characterisation of dna gyrase and measurement of drug accumulation in clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii resistant to fluoroquinolones. | twelve clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii highly resistant to pefloxacin (mic > or = 32 mg/l) and to ciprofloxacin (mic > or = 16 mg/l), were studied. a susceptible isolate used as a reference (mic of 0.032 and 0.25 mg/l for ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin, respectively) accumulated 85 mg of pefloxacin per litre of cell volume within 10 min, from a solution containing 10 mg/l of antibiotic. one resistant isolate accumulated the same amount of pefloxacin, while the 11 others accumulated be ... | 1996 | 9023657 |
| use of interrepeat pcr fingerprinting to investigate an acinetobacter baumannii outbreak in an intensive care unit. | an epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of acinetobacter baumannii among patients on 2 closely related intensive care units (icu) was performed by molecular typing with interrepeat polymerase chain reaction (interrepeat pcr). 31 a. baumannii isolates obtained from 15 icu patients were characterized. all patients were infected or colonized with a. baumannii. after identification of the outbreak, 6 environmental isolates were collected from tap-water, sinks and cleaning detergents. pcr fin ... | 1996 | 9060060 |
| differentiation of acinetobacter baumannii biotypes by amplification of 16s-23s rrna intergenic spacer sequences. | isolates of acinetobacter baumannii (32 strains) from blood samples obtained from patients in five chilean hospitals were identified and biotyped according to their phenotypic properties. they were also submitted to random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) using eight randomly designed 10-mers and the core sequence of m13 phage (15-mers) as well as amplification of the spacer regions between 16s and 23s genes in the prokaryotic rrna genetic loci. with some primers, rapd discriminated between biot ... | 1996 | 9141712 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii. | the in-vitro activity of 18 antimicrobial agents alone or in combination against 248 clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii from taiwan were tested by agar dilution. the mic90s of ampicillin, amoxicillin, piperacillin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, and amikacin were at least 128 mu g/ml. ceftazidime, cefepime, sulbactam, clavulanic acid, and tazobactam presented moderate activity with mic90s of 32, 16, 16, 32, and 32 mu g/ml, respectively. the increased activity of ampic ... | 1996 | 9147913 |
| quinolone-resistance mutations in the topoisomerase iv parc gene of acinetobacter baumannii. | mutations in the parc gene, which encodes a subunit of topoisomerase iv, were determined in 21 epidemiologically unrelated clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii. our studies highlight the conserved sequences in the quinolone-resistance-determining region of the parc gene from a. baumannii and other bacteria. nine of ten isolates with mics of ciprofloxacin of > or = 32 mg/l showed a change of ser80 to leu and one showed a change of glu84 to lys. these results suggest that parc from a. baum ... | 1997 | 9222045 |
| acinetobacter pericarditis with tamponade in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. | we describe a case of active systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) complicated with a large amount of pericardial effusion with diastolic collapse of right ventricle suggestive of tamponade. isolates from surgical drainage of pericardial fluid showed acinetobacter baumannii exhibiting multiple antibiotics resistance. despite the high frequency of both pericardial involvement and of infection complications in sle, septic pericarditis and tamponade is considered rare. most of the reported cases of se ... | 1997 | 9229370 |
| structure of the o18 antigen from acinetobacter baumannii. | the polymeric o antigen was obtained from lipopolysaccharide extracted from isolated, defatted cell walls of the reference strain for acinetobacter baumannii serogroup o18. monosaccharide analyses and nmr spectra established that the polymer had a regular structure with a repeating unit based on residues of d-galactose (2), n-acetyl-d-galactosamine (1), and n-acetyl-d-mannosamine (1). further interpretation of the nmr spectra, combined with the results of methylation analysis and a smith degrada ... | 1997 | 9232839 |
| verification of a pcr-based typing method for acinetobacter baumannii in a pseudo-outbreak investigation. | acinetobacter spp. isolates were increasingly obtained from clinical specimens and sterility samples, and a subsequent epidemiological investigation implicated an intermittently contaminated supply of commercially acquired enrichment broths. typing was performed with dna amplification by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence primers, eric2 and reverse eric1r. the reliability of this pcr-based typing method was verified by the ability o ... | 1997 | 9239495 |
| in-vitro susceptibilities of multiresistant strains of acinetobacter baumannii to eight quinolones. | 1997 | 9249221 | |
| identification and analysis of a gene encoding l-2,4-diaminobutyrate:2-ketoglutarate 4-aminotransferase involved in the 1,3-diaminopropane production pathway in acinetobacter baumannii. | the ca. 2.2-kbp region upstream of the ddc gene encoding l-2,4-diaminobutyrate decarboxylase in acinetobacter baumannii was sequenced and found to contain another open reading frame of 1,338 nucleotides encoding a protein with a deduced molecular mass of 47,423 da. analysis of the homologies observed from the deduced amino acid sequence indicated that the gene product is an enzyme belonging to subgroup ii of the aminotransferases. this was first verified when examination of the crude extracts fr ... | 1997 | 9260954 |
| oxacillin-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase involved in resistance to imipenem in acinetobacter baumannii. | acinetobacter baumannii strain a148, a clinical isolate resistant to imipenem (mic = 32 mg l-1), synthesized two beta-lactamases with pis 6.3 and > 9.2. the pi 6.3 enzyme hydrolyzed the penicillins, including isoxazoylpenicillins, first-, second- and, to a lesser extent, third-generation cephalosporins. it was inhibited by chloride ions and by the penem beta-lactamase inhibitor brl 42715. clavulanate was a weak inhibitor and edta did not affect the beta-lactamase activity. this enzyme also hydro ... | 1997 | 9271860 |
| development of resistance to ciprofloxacin in acinetobacter baumanii strains isolated during a 20-month outbreak. | 1997 | 9338509 | |
| treatment of multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii meningitis with ampicillin/sulbactam. | the clinical features and the outcomes of eight cases of nosocomial acinetobacter baumannii meningitis treated with ampicillin/sulbactam are reported. all the patients had fever, neck stiffness or meningeal signs, and a low consciousness level, and in their cerebrospinal fluid (csf), pleocytosis, a low glucose level, and an elevated protein level were noted. for all csf isolates of a. baumannii, the mic of ampicillin/sulbactam was < or = 8/4 microg/ml. the mics of sulbactam by microdilution in t ... | 1997 | 9142795 |
| activities of levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, alone and in combination with amikacin, against acinetobacters as determined by checkerboard and time-kill studies. | a total of 101 acinetobacter genospecies (77 acinetobacter baumannii strains and 24 non-a. baumannii strains) were tested for their susceptibilities to levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin and for synergy between the quinolones and amikacin by checkerboard titration and time-kill analyses. the mics at which 50% of the isolates are inhibited (mic50)/mic90s for the 101 strains were as follows (in micrograms per milliliter): levofloxacin, 0.25/16.0; ofloxacin, 0.5/32.0; ciprofloxacin, 0.25/> ... | 1997 | 9145872 |
| survival of acinetobacter baumannii on dry surfaces. | acinetobacter spp. have frequently been reported to be the causative agents of hospital outbreaks. the circumstances of some outbreaks demonstrated the long survival of acinetobacter in a dry, inanimate environment. in laboratory experiments, we compared the abilities of five acinetobacter baumannii strains, three acinetobacter sp. strains from the american type culture collection (atcc), one escherichia coli atcc strain, and one enterococcus faecium atcc strain to survive under dry conditions. ... | 1997 | 9163451 |
| structures of polymeric products isolated from the lipopolysaccharides of reference strains for acinetobacter baumannii o23 and o12. | a polysaccharide containing d-galactose (gal), 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galactose (galnac), 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose (glcnac), and 3-deoxy-3-(d-3-hydroxybutyramido)-d-quinovose (qui3nr) was isolated from lipopolysaccharide (lps) obtained from cells walls of the reference strain for acinetobacter baumannii o23. by means of nmr studies, methylation analysis, and chemical degradations, the repeating unit of the polymer was identified as a branched pentasaccharide with the structure 1. the same po ... | 1997 | 9063458 |
| [the role of carbapenems in the treatment of nosocomial infection]. | carbapenems are active beta-lactam antibiotics versus most of the gram positive and gram negative microorganisms and anaerobes although their activity is lacking in the case of staphylococcus sp. resistant to methicillin, enterococcus faecium and streptococcus pneumoniae with high resistance to penicillin and some gram negative bacilli which naturally produce an methaloenzyme able to hydrolyze them such as stenotrophomonas maltophilia. imipenem, the first synthetized carbapenem requires administ ... | 1997 | 9410075 |
| use of a new mouse model of acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia to evaluate the postantibiotic effect of imipenem. | acinetobacter baumannii is responsible for severe nosocomial pneumonia. to evaluate new therapeutic regimens for infections due to multiresistant strains and to study the pharmacodynamic properties of various antibiotics, we developed an experimental mouse model of acute a. baumannii pneumonia. c3h/hen mice rendered transiently neutropenic were infected intratracheally with 5 x 10(6) cfu of a. baumannii. the mean log10 cfu/g of lung homogenate (+/- the standard deviation) were 9 +/- 0.9, 9.4 +/- ... | 1997 | 9021190 |
| multicenter study using standardized protocols and reagents for evaluation of reproducibility of pcr-based fingerprinting of acinetobacter spp. | seven laboratories in six european countries examined 40 isolates belonging to the acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex to investigate whether standardized protocols and quality-controlled reagents could produce reliable, discriminatory, and reproducible pcr-based fingerprinting results. four pcr protocols with different primers (primers daf4, eric-2, m13, and rep1 + rep2) were used. the epidemiological conclusions reached by the participating laboratories were substantial ... | 1997 | 9399496 |
| use of different pcr-based dna fingerprinting techniques and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to investigate the epidemiology of acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex. | acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex is an important nosocomial pathogen for which optimal typing methods in epidemiologic investigations have not been defined. we compared dna macrorestriction analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) with different pcr-based dna fingerprinting techniques, including enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric) polymerase chain reaction (pcr), repetitive extragenic palindromic (rep) pcr, arbitrary-primed pcr with primer ... | 1997 | 9350411 |
| in vitro synergistic activities of tobramycin and selected beta-lactams against 75 gram-negative clinical isolates. | the microdilution checkerboard technique was utilized to distinguish synergistic activity between tobramycin and four beta-lactams: piperacillin-tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanate, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone. beta-lactam-aminoglycoside combinations were tested against 75 clinical isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumanii, citrobacterfreundii, serratia marcescens, and enterobacter cloacae. despite in vitro susceptibilities, all isolates demonstrated either synergism or indiffe ... | 1997 | 9371376 |
| comparative in vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities of nosocomial isolates of acinetobacter baumannii and synergistic activities of nine antimicrobial combinations. | the in vitro susceptibilities of 69 nosocomial acinetobacter isolates were determined by the broth microdilution method. fourteen (20%) isolates were resistant to at least two aminoglycosides and two extended-spectrum penicillins. nine antimicrobial combinations were then tested for synergy against these 14 isolates by checkerboard titration: imipenem with ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and tobramycin and ampicillin-sulbactam, piperacillin-tazobactam, and ticarcillin-clavulanate with amikacin and tobr ... | 1997 | 9145838 |
| [in vitro activity of 9 antibiotics and 3 beta-lactamase inhibitors against 107 clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumanii]. | acinetobacter sp. is an important cause of nosocomial infections and it is often resistant to many antibiotics. in our hospital it often causes infections in patients on the intensive care unit. the aim of this study was to know the susceptibility of acinetobacter sp. strains isolated in our hospital. | 1997 | 9376404 |
| activity of selected beta-lactams, ciprofloxacin, and amikacin against different acinetobacter baumannii biotypes from chilean hospitals. | the activity of some third generation cephalosporins, aztreonam, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, and amikacin against isolates of acinetobacter baumannii of various biotypes has been studied. the isolates, independently of the biotype, exhibited a broad multiresistance against cephalosporins. ceftazidime was the most active and cefoperazone the least active compound. aztreonam also showed low activity and no imipenem-resistant strains were found. ciprofloxacin and amikacin were somewhat more active tha ... | 1997 | 9327246 |
| discrimination of acinetobacter genomic species by aflp fingerprinting. | aflp is a novel genomic fingerprinting method based on the selective pcr amplification of restriction fragments. the usability of this method for the differentiation of genomic species in the genus acinetobacter was investigated. a total of 151 classified strains (representing 18 genomic species, including type, reference, and field strains) and 8 unclassified strains were analyzed. by using a single set of restriction enzymes (hindiii and taqi) and one particular set of selective pcr primers, a ... | 1997 | 9336926 |
| neonatal airway colonization with gram-negative bacilli: association with severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | airway colonization with gram-negative bacilli (gnb) and gram-positive cocci (gpc) is common in mechanically ventilated neonates. whether gnb are related to nosocomial bloodstream infection (bsi) and/or to the severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd) is unknown. | 1997 | 9002095 |
| [peracetic acid: alternative to the sterilization of bronchofibroscopes]. | the steris system for cold sterilization with peracetic acid was evaluated by effecting a series of contaminations of a fiberoptic bronchoscope (fb) with specimens of pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumanii and mycobacterium kansasi. the fb was contaminated 24 times, 8 times by each microorganism, using specimens containing more than 10(8) cfu/ml. after fixing the secretions on the fb and washing it with enzyme soap, the bf was sterilized. specimens were taken for culturing after contamin ... | 1997 | 9181986 |
| phylogenetic relationship of the twenty-one dna groups of the genus acinetobacter as revealed by 16s ribosomal dna sequence analysis. | the inter- and intrageneric relationships of members of the genus acinetobacter were investigated by performing a comparative sequence analysis of pcr-amplified 16s ribosomal dnas (rdnas) from 21 strains representing all of the dna groups that have been described. phylogenetic treeing confirmed that acinetobacter spp. form a coherent cluster within the gamma subdivision of the class proteobacteria that includes strains with overall levels of 16s rdna sequence similarity of more than 94%. the ana ... | 1997 | 9226915 |
| antibacterial activity of bms-180680, a new catechol-containing monobactam. | the in vitro activities of a new catechol-containing monobactam, bms-180680 (sq 84,100), were compared to those of aztreonam, ceftazidime, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. bms-180680 was often the most active compound against many species of the family enterobacteriaceae, with mics at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited (mic90s) of < or = 0.5 microg/ml for escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., citrobacter diversus, enterobacter aero ... | 1997 | 9145861 |
| macrorestriction analysis (pfge) of serologically cross-reactive serovars of acinetobacter baumannii and genospecies 3. | forty-two serovar reference strains of acinetobacter baumannii and genospecies 3, which yielded major or minor, one-way or two-way (reciprocal) serological cross-reactions, were subjected to macrorestriction (smai, apai) analysis with the aid of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). the pfge patterns of serovars 3 and 21 of genospecies 3 differed by 3 (smai) and 2-4 (apai) dna fragments and thus were closely/possibly related in their genotype. serovars 13 and 26 of genospecies 3 differed by o ... | 1997 | 9084114 |
| activities of beta-lactams against acinetobacter genospecies as determined by agar dilution and e-test mic methods. | the agar dilution mic method was used to test activities of ticarcillin, ticarcillin-clavulanate, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, inhibitors alone, ceftazidime, and imipenem against 237 acinetobacter genospecies. a total of 93.2% of strains were beta-lactamase positive by the chromogenic cephalosporin method. overall, ampicillin-sulbactam was the most active combination against all strains (mic at which 50% of the iso ... | 1997 | 9087486 |
| nosocomial outbreak of multi-resistant acinetobacter baumannii on a surgical ward: epidemiology and risk factors for acquisition. | between december 1994 and april 1995, a nosocomial outbreak caused by a multi-resistant acinetobacter baumannii, occurred on a surgical ward in our hospital. the organism was isolated from 13 patients, eight of whom were infected whereas the others were colonized. twelve isolates were compared by cell envelope protein electrophoretic profiles and aflp, a recently described dna fingerprinting method. both methods indicated that this outbreak was caused by spread of a single strain, which was iden ... | 1997 | 9364260 |
| oropharyngeal or gastric colonization and nosocomial pneumonia in adult intensive care unit patients. a prospective study based on genomic dna analysis. | colonization of the digestive tract has been supposed to be the source of many hospital-acquired infections, especially nosocomial pneumonia. to assess the relationship between oropharyngeal and gastric colonization and subsequent occurrence of nosocomial pneumonia, we prospectively studied 86 ventilated, intensive care unit (icu) patients. oropharyngeal or gastric colonizations were detected and quantified on admission and twice weekly during icu stay. when nosocomial pneumonia was suspected on ... | 1997 | 9372689 |
| ascorbate recycling in human neutrophils: induction by bacteria. | ascorbate (vitamin c) recycling occurs when extracellular ascorbate is oxidized, transported as dehydroascorbic acid, and reduced intracellularly to ascorbate. we investigated microorganism induction of ascorbate recycling in human neutrophils and in microorganisms themselves. ascorbate recycling was determined by measuring intracellular ascorbate accumulation. ascorbate recycling in neutrophils was induced by both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, and the fungal pathogen cand ... | 1997 | 9391110 |
| risk factors for infection by acinetobacter baumannii in intubated patients with nosocomial pneumonia. | to investigate the epidemiology of infection by acinetobacter baumannii in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap). | 1997 | 9377916 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis of a gene encoding an oxa-derived beta-lactamase in acinetobacter baumannii. | a clinical strain of acinetobacter baumannii (strain ab41) that was resistant to all beta-lactam antibiotics tested except ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ceftizoxime, and imipenem produced three beta-lactamases: a presumptive chromosomal cephalosporinase, a tem-1-like beta-lactamase (pi 5.4), and a novel oxa-derived beta-lactamase named oxa-21 (pi 7.0). the gene encoding oxa-21 was located in an integron. the nucleotide sequence showed three mutations compared with the sequence of oxa-3, with two bei ... | 1997 | 9420053 |
| epidemiological significance of cutaneous, pharyngeal, and digestive tract colonization by multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii in icu patients. | the aim of this prospective study was to assess the relative epidemiological role of digestive tract colonization by acinetobacter baumannii, in comparison with other body site colonizations, in patients admitted to intensive care units (icus). from january to may 1995, axillary, pharyngeal and rectal swabs were taken together within the first 48 h of admission, and then weekly during icu stay. seventy-three patients were included, 48 of them (66%) had axillary, pharyngeal, or rectal colonizatio ... | 1997 | 9457606 |
| association of private isolation rooms with ventilator-associated acinetobacter baumanii pneumonia in a surgical intensive-care unit. | to determine the rates and routes of acinetobacter baumanii colonization and pneumonia among ventilated patients in a surgical intensive-care unit (sicu) before and after architectural modifications. | 1997 | 9247833 |