Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| postoperative legionella pneumonia diagnosed by percutaneous lung aspiration. | 1981 | 6786573 | |
| distribution of legionella pneumophilia antibody among primate species. | sera representing 16 different primate species were surveyed by indirect immunofluorescence for evidence of antibody to legionella pneumophila. the presence of antibody in old and new world monkeys and in apes supports previous observations of the ubiquity of legionella pneumophila. | 1981 | 6787070 |
| fatty acid composition of rickettsiae. | the fatty acid compositions of selected strains of rickettsiae were studied by gas-liquid chromatography. the profiles of all the rickettsiae except coxiella burnetii were qualitatively similar. the fatty acid composition of c. burnetii was similar to that of certain legionella species. | 1981 | 6787071 |
| infection in the renal transplant recipient. | the incidence of infection in the renal transplant patient is directly related to the net immunosuppressive effect achieved and the duration of time over which this therapy is administered. a second major factor in the causation of infections in this population is the nosocomial hazards to which these patients are exposed, ranging from invasive instrumentation to environmental contamination with aspergillus species, legionella pneumophila, pseudomonas aeruginosa and other microbial pathogens. ca ... | 1981 | 6258432 |
| opportunistic lung infections in renal transplant patients: a comparison of pittsburgh pneumonia agent and legionnaires' disease. | from july 1977 to january 1980, 5 cases of pneumonia owing to pittsburgh pneumonia agent and 4 cases owing to legionella pneumophila occurred in our renal transplant population. comparison of the clinical manifestations, laboratory features an radiographic changes demonstrated no unique characteristics that allowed differentiation from other bacterial pneumonias. diagnosis in all cases required histologic or serologic identification of the infecting organism. we herein present our protocol for e ... | 1981 | 6259377 |
| [acute respiratory distress syndrome: indigenous legionnaires' disease (author's transl)]. | the possibility of indigenous legionnaires' disease should be known as suggested by the following case : a 69-year-old man, diabetic, having never travelled out of poitou, suffers from serious pneumonia with dyspnea needing mechanical ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure. after failure of ampicillin, the evolution seems favourable with cotrimoxazole. however the discontinuation of this last drug is followed by a relapse which is treated with success by erythromycin. serodiagnoses wi ... | 1981 | 6261396 |
| pediatric legionnaires' disease: diagnosis by direct immunofluorescent staining of sputum. | legionnaires' disease occurred in a 3-year-old boy with down's syndrome. his illness was characterized by bilateral pneumonia, high fever, and response to erythromycin. the diagnosis was made by demonstrating legionella pneumophila, serogroup 1, in sputum with a direct fluorescent antibody stain. l pneumophila antigen was detected in urine by an enzyme-linked immunospecific assay. the diagnosis was confirmed by a more than fourfold rise in serum antibody titer. although legionnaires' disease app ... | 1981 | 6459562 |
| legionnaires' disease at autopsy. | sporadic deaths from legionnaires' disease may escape detection at autopsy. known epidemiological and clinical features of the disease should arouse suspicion and prompt appropriate bacteriological studies. the pathological findings in legionnaires' disease are almost entirely confined to the lungs and are not distinct from any other severe bacterial bronchopneumonia. the causative organism, legionella pneumophila, is difficult to identify on a gram stain but will stain nonspecifically with the ... | 1981 | 6171159 |
| [legionella pneumophila. general microbiological data]. | 1981 | 6173911 | |
| extracellular enzymes of legionella pneumophila. | all strains of legionella pneumophila tested produced detectable levels of extracellular protease, phosphatase, lipase, deoxyribonuclease, ribonuclease, and beta-lactamase activity. weak starch hydrolysis was also demonstrated for all strains. elastase, collagenase, phospholipase c, hyaluronidase, chondroitinase, neuraminidase, or coagulase were not detected in any of these laboratory-maintained strains. | 1981 | 6268549 |
| causes of atypical pneumonia: results of a 1-year prospective study. | in a protocol study of cases of atypical pneumonia over a 1-year period an etiologic agent was established in 16 cases: legionella pneumophila in 8, coxiella burnetii in 3, chlamydia trachomatis in 2, mycoplasma pneumoniae in 1, para-influenza 3 virus in 1 and cytomegalovirus in 1. in the remaining 11 cases no agent was identified; the illnesses in these cases tended to be less severe. the pneumonia took much longer to resolve in the patients with legionnaires' disease than in all the other pati ... | 1981 | 6275975 |
| formalised yolk sac antigen in early diagnosis of legionnaires' disease caused by legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. | 1981 | 6168878 | |
| formolised yolk sac antigen in early diagnosis of legionnaires' disease. | 1981 | 6116881 | |
| giemsa stain for legionella pneumophila and tatlock bacterium. | 1981 | 6164322 | |
| enzymatic profile of legionella pneumophilia. | the enzyme activities of four strains of legionella pneumophilia were investigated by using the api zym system (api system s.a., f-38390 montalieu vercieu, france) and synthetic substrates. aminopeptidases were detected specifically against l-alanine, l-arginine, l-aspartic acid, l-cystine, l-glutaminic acid, glycine, l-histidine, l-isoleucine, l-leucine, l-lysine, l-methionine, l-phenylalanine, l-tryptophan, l-tyrosine, and l-valine. furthermore, the bacteria possesses esterase activity splitti ... | 1981 | 6165735 |
| optimal fluorescein-to-protein ratios of bacterial direct fluorescent-antibody reagents. | a number of bacterial systems were studied with specific direct fluorescent-antibody reagents prepared from rabbit antiserum fractions and having a wide range of fluorescein-to-protein ratios. these systems included bacteroides, bordetella, clostridium, escherichia, legionella, listeria, salmonella, shigella, and streptococcus. for all systems studied, a fluorescein-to-protein ratio of 30 was optimal for conjugates prepared from ammonium sulfate fractions (greater than 75% gamma globulin) and pu ... | 1981 | 6165737 |
| the pathology of the legionella pneumonias. a review of 74 cases and the literature. | following the discovery of legionella pneumophila as the cause of an epidemic of pneumonia at an american legion convention in philadelphia, a group of related bacteria were recognized as additional human pathogens. this newly established bacterial genus, legionella, includes the agents of legionnaires' disease, pittsburgh pneumonia, and several related infections. there are many similarities in the pathology of human infection caused by all the legionella species. all produce a severe confluent ... | 1981 | 6166529 |
| in vivo inhibition of legionella pneumophila by aspergillus. | 1981 | 6112400 | |
| phosphate buffered, low sodium chloride blood agar medium for legionella pneumophila. | 1981 | 6116112 | |
| [pneumonia caused by legionella pneumophila. general considerations and report of a probable clinical case]. | 1981 | 6118930 | |
| amino acid requirements for legionella pneumophila growth. | the amino acids l-arginine, l-isoleucine, l-leucine, l-methionine, l-serine, l-threonine, and l-valine were essential for the growth of legionella pneumophila in a chemically defined medium. a partial requirement for l-cysteine (or l-cystine) was also observed. a minimal medium containing only the eight required amino acids supported the growth of this bacterium only if the medium was supplemented with l-glutamic acid. this latter compound was the only amino acid capable of stimulating growth in ... | 1981 | 6113250 |
| pontiac fever, amoebae, and legionellae. | 1981 | 6109071 | |
| legionella pneumophila antigen in brain. | 1981 | 6114267 | |
| blood in legionella culture medium. | 1981 | 6117721 | |
| coincident infection with legionnaires' disease bacterium and pittsburgh pneumonia agent. | 1981 | 6118491 | |
| experimental transmission of legionnaires' disease by exposure to aerosols of legionella pneumophila. | pyrexia and pneumonia developed in guinea-pigs after exposure to aerosols of legionella pneumophila in a henderson apparatus. mortality was high 1-3 days after exposure. histopathological changes were of an acute fibrinopurulent pneumonia, with widespread fibrin exudation and accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages in alveoli-lesions similar to those of legionella pneumonia in man. rhesus monkeys given low doses of bacteria had slight fever and mild histological lesions in the lungs. aerosol ... | 1981 | 6118761 |
| community-acquired legionella micdadei pneumonia. | 1981 | 6109886 | |
| legionella and amoebae. | 1981 | 6110920 | |
| legionnaires' disease related to gastric lavage with tap water. | 1982 | 6121245 | |
| legionella pneumophila in hospital hot water cylinders. | 1982 | 6122876 | |
| legionella pneumophila peritonitis. | 1982 | 6123669 | |
| legionella longbeachae serogroup 2 in europe. | 1982 | 6129487 | |
| potable water supply as the hospital reservoir for pittsburgh pneumonia agent. | both legionnaires' disease and pneumonia caused by pittsburgh pneumonia agent (ppa) are endemic in the veterans administration medical center, pittsburgh. 85% of cases of legionnaires' disease and 100% of the cases of ppa were acquired in hospital. a selective dye-containing medium which allows visual discrimination of legionella pneumophila and ppa has been used in a large-scale environmental survey of the hospital. samples from 53 sites, including hot-water storage tanks, showerheads, mixing v ... | 1982 | 6121139 |
| legionella pneumophila in water plumbing systems. | 1982 | 6122781 | |
| localization of legionella pneumophila in tissue using fitc-conjugated specific antibody and a background stain. | lightly staining formalin-fixed or fresh tissue with gram's crystal violet obviates interfering nonspecific fluorescence by acting as a metachromatic stain in ultraviolet light. against the easily recognized background of tissues and cells fluorescein isothiocyanate-tagged legionella pneumophila antibodies can then identify this bacterium in or on individual cells. this procedure can be run at room temperature in two hours and has the potential for further widespread applicability. | 1982 | 6177236 |
| staining methods for legionella. | 1982 | 6176521 | |
| serological and genotypic diversity among serogroup 5- reacting environmental legionella isolates. | five strains of bacteria (strains 684, 687, u7w, u8w, and micu-b) that were biochemically and morphologically indistinguishable from legionella pneumophila were recovered from the environment. strains u7w, u8w, and micu-b were antigenically identical to l. pneumophila strain dallas 1e (serogroup 5), as determined by direct fluorescent antibody staining and immunodiffusion. although strains 694 and 687 shared antigenic determinants with l. pneumophila dallas 1e, they could be distinguished by imm ... | 1982 | 6175657 |
| occurrence and immunogenicity of proteinases from legionella species. | proteinases produced by various legionella species were studied by means of caseinate precipitation. proteinase production was particularly high in strains of legionella pneumophila (serogroups 1-6), much lower in other legionella species, and absent in legionella micdadei strain tatlock. immunoglobulins against proteinases of legionella pneumophila (serogroup 1, strain philadelphia 1) inhibited the proteinase activity of all strains of legionella pneumophila, legionella bozemanii, legionella du ... | 1982 | 6184221 |
| antigenic analysis of legionella pneumophila and tatlockia micdadei (legionella micdadei) by two-dimensional (crossed) immunoelectrophoresis. | the antigens of the six serogroups of legionella pneumophila were compared by two-dimensional (crossed) immunoelectrophoresis by using rabbit antisera to serogroups 1, 2, 3 and 4. the close relationship among the serogroups was shown by the fact that 27 of the 31 antigens demonstrated so far were common. however, distinctive group-specific antigens with slow electrophoretic mobility were observed for serogroups 1, 2, 3, and 4. when intact serogroup 1 organisms were extracted with edta, the group ... | 1982 | 6173328 |
| susceptibility of legionella pneumophila to oxygen-dependent microbicidal systems. | 1982 | 6288801 | |
| an unusual case of fatal macrophagic pneumonia in a 12-days old infant, caused by a gram-negative legionella-like microorganism. | 1982 | 6211914 | |
| nosocomial legionnaires' disease caused by aerosolized tap water from respiratory devices. | five cases of nosocomial legionnaires' disease which occurred over a five-month period were retrospectively investigated. chart review showed that during the two- to 10-day incubation period before the onset of illness, all of the patients inhaled aerosolized tap water from jet nebulizers (four patients) or from a portable room humidifier (one patient), and all received high dosages of corticosteroids or adrenocorticotropic hormone. exposure to both factors was highly significant (p less than 0. ... | 1982 | 6288805 |
| a simple disc technique for the presumptive identification of legionella pneumophila. | a method is described for the presumptive identification of legionella pneumophila by the formation of satellite colonies around filter paper discs impregnated with ferric pyrophosphate and l-cysteine hydrochloride on a deficient basal medium. this technique simplifies the differentiation of picked colonies of l pneumophila from other organisms in mixed cultures from environmental and contaminated clinical samples. | 1982 | 6294145 |
| an unusual case of fatal macrophagic pneumonia in a 12-days old infant, caused by a gram-negative legionella-like microorganism. | 1982 | 6242566 | |
| laboratory diagnosis of infections caused by legionella species. | 1982 | 6749388 | |
| legionnaires' disease: a case acquired in israel. | what is probably the first case of presumably nosocomial legionnaires' disease (ld) in israel is described in a 56-yr-old man hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction. the patient developed bilateral pneumonia and hemorrhagic pleural effusion. the diagnosis of ld was confirmed by serological examinations that showed a significant increase and decrease in igm- and igg-type antibodies to legionella pneumophila serogroups 1 and 3. the patient recovered on antibiotic treatment which included ery ... | 1982 | 6749760 |
| levels of antibody against legionella pneumophila serotype 1 in healthy populations in five areas in new zealand. | levels of antibody to legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 in five areas of new zealand were determined by indirect immunofluorescence. both immunoglobulin g (igg) and igm levels were separately assessed. of the 500 people studied, 2.8% had igg titers of greater than or equal to 1:128 and 4.0% had igm titers of greater than or equal to 1:128. higher levels of igg reactivity were noted in the southern part of new zealand, but neither age nor sex appeared to be related to variations in antibody leve ... | 1982 | 6752194 |
| three years' experience of serodiagnosis of legionella pneumophila infections. | during a three-year-period, serum samples from 209 patients with acute pneumonia were tested for antibodies to legionella pneumophila, using an indirect micro-immunofluorescent antibody test performed with heat-killed serogroup specific antigens. low antibody levels, defined by titres ranging from 32 to 128, were demonstrated in 73 of the patients. seroconversion indicating current l. pneumophila, serogroup 1, infection was documented in 3 previously healthy individuals. high igm antibody titres ... | 1982 | 6753484 |
| [results of a serological survey concerning legionnaire's disease]. | 1982 | 6754012 | |
| [the bacteriological and immunological diagnosis of legionnaires' disease]. | there has been very rapid progress in knowledge concerning legionnaires' disease and the legionella. relatively simple and reliable diagnostic techniques are already available. isolation of legionella is now possible as a result of the development of sensitive and specific culture media. detection of the organism in pathological material by direct immunofluorescence leads to emergency confirmation of the diagnosis in approximately 50% of cases. finally, serology using a specific antigen often le ... | 1982 | 6753653 |
| identification of legionella pneumophila antigens and antibodies by immunoferritin electron microscopy. | material from 18 lungs positive for legionella pneumophila and 21 strains of legionella grown on bacteriological media or in the yolk sac of fertile hen's eggs were examined by direct negative stain and immunoferritin electronmicroscopy. the 18 lung samples and all preparations of cultivated organisms showed the presence of bacteria with the typical morphology of l. pneumophila. by immunoferritin electronmicroscopy, with specific antisera, it was possible to serogroup the organisms. the immunofe ... | 1982 | 6754942 |
| simple immunodiffusion test for detecting antibodies against legionella pneumophila serotype 1. | a simple immunodiffusion test for investigation of antibodies against legionella pneumophila serotype 1 was developed. the comparison between the indirect immunofluorescence assay and the immunodiffusion technique gave a 98.6% correlation. all of the patients studied were serologically diagnosed by both procedures. | 1982 | 6802868 |
| rapid detection of legionella pneumophila by flow cytometry. | 1982 | 6754293 | |
| legionella wadsworthii species nova: a cause of human pneumonia. | a new species of legionella that caused pneumonia in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia has been characterized. the legionella wadsworthii species nova is proposed for this bacterium. the type strain is wadsworth 81-716a (american type culture collection 33877). the new species differs phenotypically from l. pneumophila in that the predominant cellular fatty acid is methyl-12-methyltetradecanoic acid (a-15:0) rather than methyl-14-methylpentadecanoic acid (i-16:0), and in its failure to ... | 1982 | 6756238 |
| formalin-killed versus heat-killed legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 antigen in the indirect immunofluorescence assay for legionellosis. | indirect immunofluorescence assay titers of human sera obtained against the legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 antigen (philadelphia 1 strain) killed with 10% formalin showed a tendency to be lower than those obtained against the reference heat-killed antigen (geometric mean titer of 194 and 370, respectively) when all other variables in the test were held constant. test results were interpreted the same for 96% of 60 paired sera if the cutoff level used to interpret a positive test result for t ... | 1982 | 6759533 |
| [legionnaires' disease (etiology, epidemiology, morphology and pathogenesis of "legionnaires" disease)]. | a review of the world literature on the "legionnaires' disease", an infectious disease which was designated in 1979 as "legionellosis" and described in three different clinicoanatomic forms is presented. these forms differ both in manifestations of the disease and in species of the causal agents, legionellae, united in a genus legionellaceae. particular attention in the review is paid to morphological lesions observed in legionelloses (macro- and microscopic, and ultrastructural). the necessity ... | 1982 | 6760836 |
| [a growth media of genus legionella in containing saccharated ferric oxide (fesin) replacing soluble ferric pyrophosphate (author's transl)]. | 1982 | 6809855 | |
| [practical problems raised by antibiotic minimal inhibitory concentration determination in legionella species (author's transl)]. | because of culture medium constitution and growth conditions of legionella species, antibiotic minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) determination is difficult and does not fit with the accepted standards. the following strains have been tested : references strains : staphylococcus aureus oxford cncm 53154, s. aureus 209p cncm 53156, e. coli cncm a224, e. coli cncm 7324. l. pneumophila, 9 strains representative of the 6 serogroups. l. micdadei, l. dumoffii. 5 clinical isolates of l. pneumophila ... | 1982 | 6810285 |
| immunoglobulin m antibody titers in the diagnosis of legionnaires disease. | the purpose of this study was to determine whether measurement of immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies against legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 can aid in the diagnosis of legionnaires disease. on the basis of measurements of antibody levels in 1,942 control sera, we used an igm titer of 1:256, observed in 2.3% of the controls, as presumptive evidence of legionnaires disease. measurement of igm titers permitted us to presumptively or definitively diagnose legionnaires disease in 13 of 34 patients ... | 1982 | 6761354 |
| legionella pneumophila and related organisms induce the generation of procoagulant activity by peripheral mononuclear cells in vitro. | we investigated the in vitro effect of various members of the genus legionella on human peripheral mononuclear cells. all the strains tested induced the generation of strong procoagulant activity (tissue factor) when incubated for a prolonged period of time with pure mononuclear cell suspensions. this effect was dependent on the number of bacteria. the production of mononuclear cell procoagulant activity was also observed after the addition of bacteria to citrated whole blood. escherichia coli 0 ... | 1982 | 6752034 |
| demonstration of extracellular chymotrypsin-like activity from various legionella species. | concentrated extracellular supernatants from legionella pneumophila, l. bozemanii, l. dumoffi, l. gormanii, but not l. micdadei, exhibited a strong chymotrypsin-like activity upon synthetic chromogenic tri- and tetrapeptides. bacterial cell sonic extracts showed low protease activities, different from those of the extracellular concentrates. extracellular concentrates were also tested in the api zym system, where weak protease activity only was recorded. protease inhibitors decreased the activit ... | 1982 | 6752185 |
| the use of tracheal and pulmonary aspiration to diagnose legionella micdadei pneumonia. | legionella micdadei (pittsburgh pneumonia agent) pneumonia was diagnosed in three patients by transtracheal aspiration and in a fourth patient by percutaneous lung aspiration on two occasions. the organism was identified by direct fluorescent antibody staining and by culture in each case. diagnosis by aspiration of the respiratory tract was rapid, specific, and safe. this allowed early institution of specific antimicrobial therapy in a group of severely ill, immunocompromised patients. these tec ... | 1982 | 6754273 |
| [legionella pneumophila infection]. | 1982 | 6755928 | |
| igm and igg antibody response in two immunosuppressed patients with legionnaires' disease. evidence of reactivation of latent infection. | two patients in whom pneumonia due to legionella pneumophila developed while they were receiving immunosuppressive therapy had serologic evidence of prior infection with the same serogroup of l. pneumophila two and eight months prior to their clinical pneumonia. this suggests that the pneumonia in these patients may have been due to the reactivation of a latent infection, possibly due to their immunosuppressed state. a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to detect igg and ... | 1982 | 6756135 |
| incidence of antibodies to legionella species in french cattle. | 1982 | 6758308 | |
| [serologic measurement of legionella pneumophila antibodies in 2 different age groups of the belgian population]. | 1982 | 6760643 | |
| enhancement of recovery of legionella pneumophila from contaminated respiratory tract specimens by heat. | heating of legionella pneumophila and other legionella spp. was studied to determine whether this technique could be used as a selective technique with contaminated clinical specimens. studies of 13 different strains of legionella spp. showed heterogeneous heat survival; heating at 60 degrees c for 1 to 2 min did not affect the survival of the majority of strains. heating of four pseudomonas aeruginosa strains at 60 degrees c for 2 min reduced bacterial counts by 98% or greater. enterococci were ... | 1982 | 6761358 |
| [legionnaires' disease. immunity and immunosuppression]. | 1982 | 6762525 | |
| evaluation of the effect of sodium selenate on the growth of mycobacterial stock cultures. | a study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of sodium selenate supplementation (5 micrograms/ml) on the growth characteristics of a variety of mycobacterial isolates. supplemented lowenstein-jensen and middlebrook 7h11 agar were compared to nonsupplemented media. eighteen mycobacterium stock isolates were tested. selenate supplementation had no predictable or consistent growth stimulatory effect as compared with nonsupplemented media. | 1982 | 6814235 |
| [immunochemical characteristics of legionella pneumophila antigens and their toxicity for laboratory animals]. | 1982 | 6807035 | |
| interaction between plant agglutinins and legionella species. | serogroups of legionella pneumophila exhibited differential reactivities with plant agglutinin. agglutination patterns were modified by growing the organisms in different media. the passage of four strains through guinea pigs did not result in altered reactivities with lectins or with plant agglutinins. | 1982 | 6808023 |
| coreactivity of legionella pneumophila immune sera in the mycoplasma pneumoniae complement fixation test. | sheep and guinea pigs were immunized with cellular and extracellular antigen from legionella pneumophila bacteria. after immunization, the animals developed immunoglobulin g titers against the immunizing agent. the same sera were also tested in a mycoplasma pneumoniae complement fixation test. all the preimmunization sera from sheep showed positive m. pneumoniae complement fixation tests of varying titers, with significant antibody rises in two of five sheep as a result of the legionella immuniz ... | 1982 | 6818250 |
| recommended precautions for patients with legionnaires' disease. | as diagnostic techniques for the identification of legionella species have become readily available, recognition of the pneumonic form of legionellosis has increased. in particular, cases of hospital-acquired legionella pneumophila are being identified and this has led to concern over possible person-to-person transmission. in most epidemiologic investigations where a source has been identified, water has been implicated. person-to-person transmission has not been convincingly documented. theref ... | 1982 | 6922835 |
| serum antibodies to legionella pneumophila in patients with cystic fibrosis. | we studied the prevalence of serum antibodies to legionella pneumophila in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) by indirect immunofluorescence. thirty-two (29.4%) of 109 patients with cf had a titer of 1:256 or higher, the level presumptive of previous infection, compared with (1) three (11.5%) of 26 patients without cf but with chronic suppurative bronchitis of childhood, (2) three (1.7%) of 178 age-matched persons without pulmonary disease, (3) zero of 22 parents and normal siblings, and (4) zer ... | 1982 | 6752443 |
| thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura complicating legionnaires' disease. | a case of legionella pneumophila infection complicated by thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (ttp) was confirmed at autopsy by the demonstration of the organism in lung tissue, and by the finding of widespread intravascular and subendothelial thrombi associated with microinfarctions in all major organs examined. in addition to the typical hematologic abnormalities of ttp, the patient was found to have a low serum c3 level and elevated levels of immune complexes as measured by the liquid phase c ... | 1982 | 6890793 |
| bactericidal activity of antibiotics against legionella micdadei (pittsburgh pneumonia agent). | the bactericidal activity of five antibiotics for legionella micdadei was determined by the construction of time-kill curves. erythromycin, rifampin, penicillin g, cephalothin, and gentamicin were bactericidal for l. micdadei at readily achievable concentrations. the minimal bactericidal concentrations, defined as those producing 99.9% killing within 24 h, were: erythromycin, 4.6; rifampin, 0.13; penicillin g, 0.25; cephalothin, 2.5; and gentamicin, 0.25 micrograms/ml. the ratios of the minimal ... | 1982 | 6927637 |
| prevalence of antibody to serogroups 1-4 of legionella pneumophila: a seroepidemiologic study using the indirect hemagglutination test. | an indirect hemagglutination test was used to determine the prevalence of antibody to serogroups 1-4 of legionella pneumophila in sera from 1200 apparently healthy michigan residents. serogroup 1 was the most prevalent; 71 (11.8%) of 600 sera collected during the winter months (january-april, 1980) and 131 (21.8%) of 600 sera collected during the summer period (july-september, 1980) had serogroup 1 titers. this seasonal difference was independent of sex and was statistically significant in four ... | 1982 | 6979243 |
| characterization of the beta-lactamases of six species of legionella. | the beta-lactamases of six legionella species were characterized by isoelectric focusing, gel filtration, and substrate profiles. fifteen strains of l. bozemanii, l. dumoffii, l. gormanii, l. longbeachae, and l. pneumophila produced beta-lactamases active against nitrocefin. l. micdadei enzymes previously reported to be beta-lactamase negative caused a very slow ph-dependent breakdown of nitrocefin and degraded penicillin g at high substrate concentrations. the bioassay revealed predominantly pe ... | 1982 | 6979538 |
| legionnaires' pneumonia after aerosol exposure in guinea pigs and rats. | we developed an animal model of legionnaires' pneumonia to permit study of aerosol infection, pathogenesis, and pulmonary host defense mechanisms in this disease. guinea pigs and rats were exposed in a nose-only inhalation facility for 30 min to an aerosol of burlington serogroup 1 legionella pneumophila. lungs contained 10(3) to 10(4) l. pneumophila immediately after exposure. both guinea pigs and rats developed pneumonia, with 100% infectivity by microbiologic, histologic, and serologic criter ... | 1982 | 6983846 |
| legionnaires' disease and legionellosis. | 1982 | 7039949 | |
| pittsburgh pneumonia agent: chest film manifestations. | pittsburgh pneumonia agent, legionella micdadei, is a gram-negative, weakly acid-fast bacillus, recently recognized as a cause of pulmonary infection in the immunocompromised host. the chest radiographic findings in seven patients with this disease are reported. these consist of single or multiple nodules and segmental infiltrates involving part of all of one or more lobes. a striking feature in this series was the rapid growth of the pulmonary densities. | 1982 | 7034507 |
| role of virulence factors in legionella infections. | 1982 | 7036941 | |
| sporadic legionellaceae pneumonia in renal transplant recipients. a survey of 70 autopsies, 1964 to 1979. | the discovery in recent years of previously unrecognized pathogenic bacteria now classified in the family legionellaceae raised the possibility that significant but undetected infections from these organisms might have occurred in the past. the known susceptibility of immunosuppressed patients to these organisms led us to examine, by direct immunofluorescence, lung tissue from 70 autopsies of renal transplant recipients. only two cases were detected, one each due to legionella bozemanii (wiga) a ... | 1982 | 7036942 |
| electron microscopic examination of the inflammatory response to legionella pneumophila in guinea pigs. | we have described the ultrastructural morphology of splenic and pulmonary exudates from guinea pigs infected intranasally and intraperitoneally by legionella pneumophila. legionella pneumophila produced pneumonia and splenitis by both routes of inoculation. the microbe was also disseminated to other organs. within neutrophils, legionella pneumophila typically displayed degenerating forms, suggesting that this intracellular environment is somewhat hostile to the bacterium. by contrast, macrophage ... | 1982 | 7054588 |
| isolation of legionella pneumophila from hospital potable water specimens: comparison of direct plating with guinea pig inoculation. | eighty-five potable water samples were analyzed for the presence of legionella pneumophila by direct plating and by guinea pig inoculation methods. direct plating methods utilized antimicrobial-containing media with and without acid treatment of specimens before inoculation. thirty-three specimens were culture positive for l. pneumophila by one or both techniques. a total of 14 specimens were positive for l. pneumophila by direct plating only, and 2 specimens were positive for l. pneumophila by ... | 1982 | 7050146 |
| simple, transparent medium for study of legionellae. | a simple medium containing yeast extract, phosphate, and hemin as major components has been formulated for the study of legionellae. the medium supports the growth of a wide range of clinical and environmental isolates, with plating efficiencies comparable to those of charcoal-yeast extract agar. in addition, it does not contain activated charcoal or other components which may be associated with adverse reactions in humans. the medium is buffered and transparent; therefore, it would be suitable ... | 1982 | 7068831 |
| an elisa test for the detection of antibodies to legionella pneumophila. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) test has been developed to detect antibodies to legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. there is good correlation between indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) and elisa titres but elisa is more sensitive. | 1982 | 7045167 |
| diagnosis of legionella pneumophila infections by means of formolised yolk sac antigens. | formolised yolk sac antigens of legionella pneumophila serogroups 1-6 were used to test 1792 serum specimens from 1431 patients with respiratory illness of serological evidence of legionnaires' disease (ld). thirty-five patients showed titres against the serogroup 1 antigen diagnostic for ld. only two further cases were considered to have non-serogroup i infections (both serogroup 4) indicating that such infections are rare. titres of greater than 1/16 against the serogroup 1 antigen occur in on ... | 1982 | 7040484 |
| [isolation of legionella pneumophila from 3 patients with pneumonia]. | 1982 | 7050736 | |
| [legionnaires' disease]. | 1982 | 7040792 | |
| isolation of a serogroup 1-specific antigen from legionella pneumophila. | outer membrane material was extracted from a serogroup 1 strain of legionella pneumophila using ethylenediaminetetraacetate. ferritin-conjugated antiserum reacted only at the surface of the organism, as seen by electron microscopy. outer membrane material was fractionated into five peaks by molecular sieve chromatography using a gel that had been equilibrated in a buffer containing sodium deoxycholate. one resolved peak (approximately 4x10(4) daltons) was highly active serologically. when rechro ... | 1982 | 7054324 |
| antiserum-agar plate method for simultaneous detection and direct isolation of legionella species in clinical and environmental specimens. | colonies of legionella pneumophila serotypes 1 through 6, l. micdadei, l. bozemanii, l. dumoffii, and l. gormanii, which were developed on filtered yeast extract agar containing polyvalent antiserum, were surrounded by distinct, specific precipitin rings. | 1982 | 7050153 |
| aniline blue-containing buffered charcoal-yeast extract medium for presumptive identification of legionella species. | by utilizing buffered charcoal-yeast extract medium containing 0.01% aniline blue in conjunction with a long-wave uv light, the differentiation of five species of legionella was facilitated. l. pneumophila, when grown on this medium, did not absorb the aniline blue dye; however, l. micdadei, l. dumoffii, l. bozemanii, and l. gormanii absorbed the dye in varying amounts and produced colonies of various shades of blue. | 1982 | 7040468 |
| the role of indoor and outdoor occupations in the seroepidemiology of legionella pneumophila. | exposure to disturbed soil has been postulated as a source of l. pneumophila in relation to outbreaks of legionnaires' disease [1]. using serum samples from 588 healthy individuals engaged in indoor and outdoor occupations in ohio, we performed indirect fluorescent antibody tests for l. pneumophila serogroups 1 and 2. reciprocal and geometric mean titers were compared between indoor and outdoor occupational groups. we found 19.2 of the outdoor workers to be positive (titer, greater than or equal ... | 1982 | 7054331 |
| bacterial infections of the lung. | 1982 | 7039986 | |
| isolation of pittsburgh pneumonia agent from a hospital shower. | tatlockia (legionella) micdadei, the pittsburgh pneumonia agent, was isolated from a hospital shower. although it was not possible, at the current time, to establish an epidemiological link to disease acquisition, this information may be significant because it provides further evidence that a water-associated reservoir of this organism exists within the hospital. | 1982 | 7073279 |
| the peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein (pal) of the proteus mirabilis outer membrane: characterization of the peptidoglycan-associated region of pal. | the peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein (pal) is present in the cell envelope in a form closely, but not covalently, associated with peptidoglycan in various gram-negative bacteria. when the cell envelope or the isolated peptidoglycan-pal complex from proteus mirabilis, in which pal maintains the interaction with peptidoglycan, was digested with trypsin, a polypeptide fragment with molecular weight 11,000 (11 k fragment) was obtained. however, when isolated pal or the 11 k-fragment which had be ... | 1982 | 7040359 |
| immunoperoxidase staining of legionella pneumophila. | immunoperoxidase staining has been applied to sections of pneumonic lung from a previously published case of legionnaires' disease. specific staining of legionella pneumophila was accomplished with sub-group i antiserum, which also revealed staining of phagosomes, and in some areas diffuse background staining of 'soluble' antigen. some organisms remained unstained with the specific antiserum, and these were revealed by progressive haemalum staining. in other sections, some organisms stained spec ... | 1982 | 7042513 |
| clinical conferences in critical care: legionnaires' disease. | 1982 | 7042650 | |
| polyvalent heat-killed antigen for the diagnosis of infection with legionella pneumophila. | a polyvalent antigen composed of heat-killed agar-grown legionella pneumophila serogroups 1-4 suspended in a suspension of yolk-sac from embryonated hens' eggs has been examined for use in the indirect fluorescent antibody test for legionella infection. the serological response detected by monovalent antigen correlated well with that detected by polyvalent antigen. the use of polyvalent antigen forms a useful screening test for the detection of antibody to l pneumophila, but positive results mus ... | 1982 | 7042762 |