Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| identification and characterization of lipopolysaccharide in acetic acid bacteria. | lipopolysaccharide (lps), a major component of the cell walls of gram-negative bacteria, was one of the main components of coley's vaccine and is known to have strong adjuvanticity. though it is known that lps exists in the digestive tract of organisms, the biological significance for the organism has not been clarified. in this study, the correlation between the structure and function of lps was determined using acetic acid bacteria. these are gram-negative bacteria consumed in human diets. | 2006 | 17195448 |
| crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of the cellulose biosynthesis-related protein cmcax from acetobacter xylinum. | the cellulose biosynthesis-related protein cmcax from acetobacter xylinum was overexpressed in escherichia coli, purified and crystallized. single crystals of selenomethionine (semet) substituted cmcax were obtained by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method at 293 k, primarily using polyethylene glycol 4000 as a precipitant. the crystals belong to the primitive hexagonal space group p6(1) or p6(5), with unit-cell parameters a = b = 89.1, c = 94.2 a. the predicted matthews coefficient (vm) valu ... | 2005 | 16511009 |
| identification and characterization of lactococcal and acetobacter strains isolated from traditional caucasusian fermented milk. | the fermented milk, so-called "caspian sea yogurt" in japan, consists of two bacterial strains isolated from traditional caucasusian fermented milk. in the present study, those strains were identified and characterized. strain fc was gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic cocci and strain fa was gram-negative, aerobic rods. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rdna sequences showed that strain fc formed a cluster with lactococcus lactis strains and was most closely related to l. lactis subsp. crem ... | 2005 | 16161770 |
| acetobacter aceti possesses a proton motive force-dependent efflux system for acetic acid. | acetic acid bacteria are obligate aerobes able to oxidize ethanol, sugar alcohols, and sugars into their corresponding acids. among them, acetobacter and gluconacetobacter species have very high ethanol oxidation capacity, leading to accumulation of vast amounts of acetic acid outside the cell. since these bacteria are able to grow in media with high concentrations of acetic acid, they must possess a specific mechanism such as an efflux pump by which they can resist the toxic effects of acetic a ... | 2005 | 15968043 |
| application of molecular methods to demonstrate species and strain evolution of acetic acid bacteria population during wine production. | the growth of acetic acid bacteria on grapes or throughout the winemaking process influences the quality of wine, mainly because it increases the volatile acidity. the objective of this study was to analyse how the acetic acid bacteria population evolves in the changing environment of the grape surface and during wine fermentation. we have analysed the influence of yeast inoculation and so2 addition on acetic acid bacteria populations. these bacteria were analysed at both the species and the str ... | 2005 | 16014297 |
| molecular basis of cellulose biosynthesis disappearance in submerged culture of acetobacter xylinum. | acetobacter xylinum strains are known as very efficient producers of bacterial cellulose which, due to its unique properties, has great application potential. one of the most important problems faced during cellulose synthesis by these bacteria is generation of cellulose non-producing cells, which can appear under submerged culture conditions. the reasons of this remain unknown. these studies have been undertaken to compare at the molecular level wild-type, cellulose producing (cel(+)) a. xylinu ... | 2005 | 16175243 |
| production of l-ribulose by dehydrogenation of ribitol with gluconobacter oxydans. | 2005 | 16366284 | |
| quick identification of acetic acid bacteria based on nucleotide sequences of the 16s-23s rdna internal transcribed spacer region and of the pqq-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase gene. | acetic acid bacteria (aab) are well known for oxidizing different ethanol-containing substrates into various types of vinegar. they are also used for production of some biotechnologically important products, such as sorbose and gluconic acids. however, their presence is not always appreciated since certain species also spoil wine, juice, beer and fruits. to be able to follow aab in all these processes, the species involved must be identified accurately and quickly. because of inaccuracy and very ... | 2005 | 16261863 |
| origins. | 2005 | 15840567 | |
| natural association of gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus and diazotrophic acetobacter peroxydans with wetland rice. | the family acetobacteraceae currently includes three known nitrogen-fixing species, gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, g. johannae and g. azotocaptans. in the present study, acetic acid-producing nitrogen-fixing bacteria were isolated from four different wetland rice varieties cultivated in the state of tamilnadu, india. most of these isolates were identified as g. diazotrophicus on the basis of their phenotypic characteristics and pcr assays using specific primers for that species. based on 16s ... | 2005 | 15900973 |
| synthesis of mesoporous titania networks consisting of anatase nanowires by templating of bacterial cellulose membranes. | mesoporous titania networks consisting of interconnected anatase nanowires have been synthesized by using unique bacterial cellulose membranes as natural biotemplates; the titania networks exhibit enhanced photocatalytic activity compared with titania microfiber networks. | 2005 | 15917937 |
| culture medium optimization for acetic acid production by a persimmon vinegar-derived bacterium. | a new acetic acid-producing microorganism, acetobacter sp. rky4, was isolated from korean traditional persimmon vinegar, and we optimized the culture medium for acetic acid production from ethanol using the newly isolated acetobacter sp. rky4. the optimized culture medium for acetic acid production using this microorganism was found to be 40 g/l ethanol, 10 g/l glycerol, 10 g/l corn steep liquor, 0.5 g/l mgso4.7h2o, and 1.0 g/l (nh4)h2po4. acetobacter sp. rky4 produced 47.1 g/l of acetic acid af ... | 2005 | 15930565 |
| characterization and spontaneous mutation of a novel gene, pole, involved in pellicle formation in acetobacter tropicalis sku1100. | acetobacter tropicalis sku1100 produces a pellicle polysaccharide, consisting of galactose, glucose and rhamnose, which attaches to the cell surface. this strain forms two types of colony on agar plates: a rough-surfaced colony (r strain) and a mucoid smooth-surfaced colony (s strain). the r strain forms a pellicle, allowing it to float on the medium surface in static culture, while the s strain does not. the pellicle is an assemblage of cells which are tightly associated with capsular polysacch ... | 2005 | 16339956 |
| design for dna separation medium using bacterial cellulose fibrils. | in this paper, we present a novel dna separation medium using bacterial cellulose fibrils. bacterial cellulose has an intrinsic three-dimensional micrometer- to nanometer-scale network structure. addition of this material to a low-concentration polymer solution (<5 cp) enables high-resolution electrophoretic separation of dna, even for fragments of 10-100-bp or single-nucleotide polymorphism. the newly designed medium consists of a double mesh: a 10-nm flexible mesh derived from a conventional p ... | 2005 | 16255615 |
| characterization of chemically treated bacterial (acetobacter xylinum) biopolymer: some thermo-mechanical properties. | bacterial cellulose prepared from pellicles of acetobacter xylinum (gluconacetobacter xylinus) is a unique biopolymer in terms of its molecular structure, mechanical strength and chemical stability. the biochemical analysis revealed that various alkali treatment methods were effective in removing proteins and nucleic acids from native membrane resulting in pure cellulose membrane. the effect of various treatment regimens on thermo-mechanical properties of the material was investigated. the cellu ... | 2005 | 16321434 |
| neoasaia chiangmaiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel osmotolerant acetic acid bacterium in the alpha-proteobacteria. | an acetic acid bacterium, designated as isolate ac28(t), was isolated from a flower of red ginger (khing daeng in thai; alpinia purpurata) collected in chiang mai, thailand, at ph 3.5 by use of a glucose/ethanol/acetic acid (0.3%, w/v) medium. a phylogenetic tree based on 16s rrna gene sequences for 1,376 bases showed that isolate ac28(t) constituted a cluster along with the type strain of kozakia baliensis. however, the isolate formed an independent cluster in a phylogenetic tree based on 16s-2 ... | 2005 | 16314684 |
| molecular analysis of 16s-23s spacer regions of acetobacter species. | 16s-23s rdna internal transcribed spacer regions (its) similarities were determined in 8 acetobacter and 1 gluconacetobacter strains. its-pcr amplification of the 16s-23s spacers showed 2 products of similar size in 7 strains; only 1 product of similar size was found in the 2 remaining strains. analysis of the pcr products using restriction endonucleases haeiii, hpaii and alui revealed 3 different restriction groups of a. pasteurianus for alui and haeiii, and 4 restriction groups for hpaii. its ... | 2005 | 16408846 |
| analysis of replication region of the cryptic plasmid pag20 from acetobacter aceti 3620. | the dna sequence of small cryptic plasmid pag20 in acetobacter aceti was determined at 3064 bp with 51.6% gc pairs. the plasmid encoded a 186 amino acid protein which is important for plasmid replication in gram-negative bacteria except escherichia coli. two 21 bp large direct repeat sequence 1 and two 13 bp direct repeat sequence 2 were determined in the regulation region upstream from gene encoded rep protein. vector pag24 with kanamycin gene and two deletion derivatives pag25 and pag26 withou ... | 2005 | 15670745 |
| soluble branched (1,4)-beta-d-glucans from acetobacter species enhance antitumor activities against mhc class i-negative and -positive malignant melanoma through augmented nk activity and cytotoxic t-cell response. | we previously found that an extracellular polysaccharide, ac-1, produced by acetobacter polysaccharogenes composed of (1,4)-beta-d-glucan with branches of glucosyl residues showed a strong activity to induce production of interleukin (il)-12 p40 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by macrophage cell lines in vitro via toll-like receptor-4 signaling. in the present study, we examined the effects of oral administration of ac-1 on protection against 2 types of murine b16 melanoma lines, major histocomp ... | 2005 | 15729692 |
| the effect of sulphur dioxide and oxygen on the viability and culturability of a strain of acetobacter pasteurianus and a strain of brettanomyces bruxellensis isolated from wine. | the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of free molecular and bound forms of sulphur dioxide and oxygen on the viability and culturability of a selected strain of acetobacter pasteurianus and a selected strain of brettanomyces bruxellensis in wine. | 2005 | 15752332 |
| towards electronic paper displays made from microbial cellulose. | cellulose (in the form of printed paper) has always been the prime medium for displaying information in our society and is far better than the various existing display technologies. this is because of its high reflectivity, contrast, low cost and flexibility. there is a major initiative to push for a dynamic display technology that emulates paper (popularly known as "electronic paper"). we have successfully demonstrated the proof of the concept of developing a dynamic display on cellulose. to th ... | 2005 | 15538556 |
| production of bacterial cellulose by acetobacter xylinum bpr2001 using molasses medium in a jar fermentor. | bacterial cellulose (bc) production by acetobacter xylinum subsp. sucrofermentans bpr2001 using molasses medium was carried out in a jar fermentor. when molasses was subjected to h(2)so(4)-heat treatment, the maximum bc concentration increased to 76% more than that achieved using untreated molasses, and the specific growth rate increased 2-fold. when the initial sugar concentrations in the h(2)so(4)-heat treated molasses were varied from 23 g/l to 72 g/l, bc concentration, production rate, and y ... | 2005 | 15338079 |
| bacterial cellulose as a potential scaffold for tissue engineering of cartilage. | tissue constructs for cartilage with native mechanical properties have not been described to date. to address this need the bacterial cellulose (bc) secreted by gluconacetobacter xylinus (= acetobacter xylinum) was explored as a novel scaffold material due to its unusual material properties and degradability. native and chemically modified bc materials were evaluated using bovine chondrocytes. the results indicate that unmodified bc supports chondrocyte proliferation at levels of approximately 5 ... | 2005 | 15275816 |
| antimicrobial and radical scavenging flavonoids from the stem wood of erythrina latissima. | from the stem wood of erythrina latissima, two isoflavones and a flavanone were isolated and characterized as 7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-5'-(gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl)isoflavone (erylatissin a), 7,3'-dihydroxy-6'',6''-dimethyl-4'',5''-dehydropyrano [2'',3'': 4',5']isoflavone (erylatissin b), (-)-7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-5'-(gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl)flavanone (erylatissin c), respectively, in addition to 10 known flavonoids. structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of their spe ... | 2005 | 15649516 |
| cellulose production from glucose using a glucose dehydrogenase gene (gdh)-deficient mutant of gluconacetobacter xylinus and its use for bioconversion of sweet potato pulp. | a gene fragment encoding a putative pyrroloquinoline quinone glucose dehydrogenase (pqq gdh) was cloned from a bacterial cellulose (bc)-forming acetic acid bacterium, gluconacetobacter xylinus (=acetobacter xylinum) strain bpr 2001, which was isolated as a high bc producer when using fructose as the carbon source. a gdh-deficient mutant of strain bpr 2001, namely gd-i, was then generated via gene disruption using the cloned gene fragment. strain gd-i produced no gluconic acid but produced 4.1 g. ... | 2005 | 16233811 |
| d-hexosaminate production by oxidative fermentation. | microbial production of d-hexosaminate was examined by means of oxidative fermentation with acetic acid bacteria. in most strains of acetic acid bacteria, membrane-bound d-glucosamine dehydrogenase (synonymous with an alternative d-glucose dehydrogenase distinct from quinoprotein d-glucose dehydrogenase) oxidized d-hexosamines to the corresponding d-hexosaminates in a stoichiometric manner. conversion of d-hexosamines to the corresponding d-hexosaminates was observed with growing cells of acetic ... | 2004 | 15290129 |
| reversible and strong immobilization of proteins by ionic exchange on supports coated with sulfate-dextran. | new and strong ionic exchange resins have been prepared by the simple and rapid ionic adsorption of anionic polymers (sulfate-dextran) on porous supports activated with the opposite ionic group (deae/manae). ionic exchange properties of such composites were strongly dependent on the size of the ionic polymers as well as on the conditions of the ionic coating of the solids with the ionic polymers (optimal conditions were 400 mg of sulfate-dextran 5000 kda per gram of support). around 80% of the p ... | 2004 | 15296440 |
| synergistic interactions between the genetically modified bacterial polysaccharide p2 and carob or konjac mannan. | rheological studies have confirmed that the bacterial polysaccharide p2, a genetically modified variant of the acetobacter xylinum polysaccharide acetan, undergoes synergistic gelation with either of the plant polysaccharides carob or konjac mannan. x-ray fibre diffraction data shows that p2 can form a 5-fold helical structure of pitch 4.7nm and an axial rise per disaccharide repeat of 0.92nm. optical rotation data demonstrate that p2 undergoes a coil-helix transition in solution and that deacyl ... | 2004 | 15337451 |
| acidophilic adaptations in the structure of acetobacter aceti n5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide mutase (pure). | the crystal structure of acetobacter aceti pure was determined to a resolution of 1.55 a and is compared with the known structures of the class i pures from a mesophile, escherichia coli, and a thermophile, thermotoga maritima. analyses of the general factors that increase protein stability are examined as potential explanations for the acid stability of a. aceti pure. increased inter-subunit hydrogen bonding and an increased number of arginine-containing salt bridges appear to account for the b ... | 2004 | 15388921 |
| development and testing of a novel biosynthesized xcell for treating chronic wounds. | biosynthesized cellulose is produced by the bacteria, acetobacter xylinum, and possesses unique properties not present in other biomaterials. the material is formed during fermentation having a multi-layered structure composed of fine, nonwoven, cellulose hydrophilic fibers. this structure allows biosynthesized cellulose to have a high-fluid capacity, superior strength, and biocompatibility, which makes it suitable for topical and implantable biomedical applications. initial product development ... | 2004 | 15455308 |
| bacterial cellulose production by fed-batch fermentation in molasses medium. | batch and fed-batch fermentations for bacterial cellulose (bc) production using molasses as a carbon source by acetobacter xylinum bpr2001 were carried out in a jar fermentor. for improvement of bc production, molasses was subjected to h2so4-heat treatment. the maximum bc concentration by this treated molasses increased 76%, and the specific growth rate increased 2-fold compared with that by untreated molasses. in batch fermentation, when the initial sugar concentrations of h2so4-heat-treated mo ... | 2004 | 15458319 |
| new cationic exchanger support for reversible immobilization of proteins. | new tailor-made cationic exchange resins have been prepared by covalently binding aspartic-dextran polymers (e.g. mw 15 000-20 000) to porous supports (aminated agarose and sepabeads). more than 80% of the proteins contained in crude extracts from escherichia coli and acetobacter turbidans have been strongly adsorbed on these porous materials at ph 5. this interaction was stronger than in conventional carboxymethyl cellulose (e.g., at ph 7 and 25 degrees c, all proteins previously adsorbed at ph ... | 2004 | 14763854 |
| oxidation of heterocyclic and aromatic aldehydes to the corresponding carboxylic acids by acetobacter and serratia strains. | conversion of heterocyclic and aromatic aldehydes to the corresponding carboxylic acids was carried out using acetobacter rancens ifo3297, a. pasteurianus ifo13753 and serratia liquefaciens lf14. ifo3297 produced 110 g 2-furoic acid l(-1) from furfural with a 95% molar yield. 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid was produced from the corresponding aldehyde by using whole cells lf14. ifo13753 and lf14 both converted isophthalaldehyde, 2,5-furandicarbaldehyde, 2,5-thiophenedicarbaldehyde and 2,2 ... | 2004 | 15604813 |
| gluconic acid production in bioreactor with immobilized glucose oxidase plus catalase on polymer membrane adjacent to anion-exchange membrane. | gluconic acid was obtained in the permeate side of the bioreactor with glucose oxidase (god) immobilized onto anion-exchange membrane (aem) of low-density polyethylene grafted with 4-vinylpiridine. the electric resistance of the anion-exchange membranes was increased after the enzyme immobilization on the membrane. the gluconic acid productions were relatively low with the god immobilized by any method on the aem. to increase the enzyme reaction efficiency, god was immobilized on membrane of an ... | 2004 | 15497133 |
| enhanced expression of aconitase raises acetic acid resistance in acetobacter aceti. | acetobacter spp. are used for industrial vinegar production because of their high ability to oxidize ethanol to acetic acid and high resistance to acetic acid. two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of a soluble fraction of acetobacter aceti revealed the presence of several proteins whose production was enhanced, to various extents, in response to acetic acid in the medium. a protein with an apparent molecular mass of 100 kda was significantly enhanced in amount by acetic acid and identifi ... | 2004 | 15183880 |
| utilization of the buffering capacity of corn steep liquor in bacterial cellulose production by acetobacter xylinum. | acetobacter xylinum bpr2001 produces water-insoluble bacterial cellulose (bc). using a ph sensor for the accurate control of ph, which is one of the most critical factors for efficient bc production, is difficult especially in a baffled shake-flask and an airlift reactor. the buffering capacity of corn steep liquor (csl) was estimated by measuring beta (buffering capacity) values in advance and was used to maintain the ph within the optimal range during the production of bc. when csl was added t ... | 2004 | 14564490 |
| immunostimulating properties of intragastrically administered acetobacter-derived soluble branched (1,4)-beta-d-glucans decrease murine susceptibility to listeria monocytogenes. | we previously found that ac-1, an extracellular polysaccharide, produced by acetobacter xylinum and composed of (1,4)-beta-d-glucan with branches of glucosyl residues, showed a strong activity to induce production of interleukin-12 (il-12) p40 and tumor necrosis factor alpha by macrophages in vitro via toll-like receptor 4 (tlr-4) signaling. in the present study, we examined the effect of oral administration of ac-1 on protective immunity against listeria monocytogenes. mice were given ac-1 or p ... | 2004 | 15557623 |
| improvement of cotton fiber quality by transforming the acsa and acsb genes into gossypium hirsutum l. by means of vacuum infiltration. | a novel method for the genetic transformation of cotton pollen by means of vacuum infiltration and agrobacterium-mediated transformation is reported. the acsa and acsb genes, which are involved in cellulose synthesis in acetobacter xylinum, were transferred into pollen grains of brown cotton with the aim of improving its fiber quality by incorporating useful prokaryotic features into the colored cotton plants. transformation was carried out in cotton pollen-germinating medium, and transformation ... | 2004 | 14740167 |
| afm observation of band-like cellulose assemblies produced by acetobacter xylinum. | we succeeded in estimating the thickness of band-like cellulose assemblies by combined use of atomic force microscopy (afm) and transmission electron microscopy. the thickness of "dense" band-like cellulose assemblies was estimated at 20-30 nm from their afm height profiles, which was several times greater than that of "coarse" band-like and ribbonlike cellulose assemblies. on the basis of these results, the folded- chain model previously proposed was discussed, and a different organization of t ... | 2004 | 15530019 |
| application of molecular methods for the differentiation of acetic acid bacteria in a red wine fermentation. | to apply rapid and reliable molecular techniques for typing acetic acid bacteria and studying their population dynamics during wine-making processes. | 2004 | 15012825 |
| swaminathania salitolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., a salt-tolerant, nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing bacterium from wild rice (porteresia coarctata tateoka). | a novel species, swaminathania salitolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., was isolated from the rhizosphere, roots and stems of salt-tolerant, mangrove-associated wild rice (porteresia coarctata tateoka) using nitrogen-free, semi-solid lgi medium at ph 5.5. strains were gram-negative, rod-shaped and motile with peritrichous flagella. the strains grew well in the presence of 0.35% acetic acid, 3% nacl and 1% kno3, and produced acid from l-arabinose, d-glucose, glycerol, ethanol, d-mannose, d-galactose and ... | 2004 | 15280289 |
| structural changes in the cells of some bacteria during population growth: a fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance study. | structural changes occurring in the cells of several bacteria during their growth curves have been investigated by fourier transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy using the sampling technique of attenuated total reflectance (atr). spectra reflect all of the components of the cells, including the cell walls, cell membranes, internal structures, and the cytoplasm. the bacteria studied were bacillus stearothermophilus, halobacterium salinarum, halococcus morrhuae, and acetobacter aceti. all species ... | 2004 | 15035713 |
| features of bacterial cellulose synthesis in a mutant generated by disruption of the diguanylate cyclase 1 gene of acetobacter xylinum bpr 2001. | the diguanylate cyclase 1 (dgc1) (dgc1) gene in acetobacter xylinum bpr 2001--a bacterial cellulose (bc) producer--was cloned and sequenced, and a dgc1 gene-disrupted mutant, strain dd, was constructed. the production and structural characteristics of the bc formed by dd were compared with those of the parental strain bpr 2001. bc production by dd was almost the same as that by bpr 2001 in static cultivation and in shake flask cultivation. however, in a jar fermentor dd produced about 36% more b ... | 2004 | 15042328 |
| mechanical effects of plant cell wall enzymes on cellulose/xyloglucan composites. | xyloglucan-acting enzymes are believed to have effects on type i primary plant cell wall mechanical properties. in order to get a better understanding of these effects, a range of enzymes with different in vitro modes of action were tested against cell wall analogues (bio-composite materials based on acetobacter xylinus cellulose and xyloglucan). tomato pericarp xyloglucan endo transglycosylase (txet) and nasturtium seed xyloglucanase (nxgase) were produced heterologously in pichia pastoris. the ... | 2004 | 15053757 |
| in vitro evaluation of physiological activity of vinegar produced from barley-, sweet potato-, and rice-shochu post-distillation slurry. | vinegar was produced from barley-, sweet potato-, and rice-shochu post-distillation slurry using jar fermentor within 19 hrs. all the vinegars showed radical-scavenging activity, angiotensin i converting enzyme (ace) inhibition and advanced glycation endproducts (age) inhibition in vitro. the radical-scavenging activity of the vinegar produced from sweet potato-shochu post-distillation slurry was higher than that of other two kinds of vinegar on the organic matter basis. the ace inhibitory activ ... | 2004 | 15056886 |
| significance of effector protease receptor-1 expression and its relationship with proliferation and apoptotic index in patients with primary advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. | to investigate the expression of effector protease receptor-1 (epr-1), proliferative index ki-67 and apoptosis index in patients with primary advanced gastric adenocarcinoma and to clarify the significance of epr-1 expression and its correlationship with the proliferation and apoptosis indexes. | 2004 | 15112339 |
| insertion of an e. coli lacz gene in acetobacter xylinus for the production of cellulose in whey. | a mini-tn10:lacz:kan was inserted into a wild-type strain of acetobacter xylinus by random transposon mutagenesis, generating a lactose-utilising and cellulose-producing mutant strain designated itz3. antibiotic selection plate assays and southern hybridisation revealed that the lacz gene was inserted once into the chromosome of strain itz3 and was stably maintained in non-selective medium after more than 60 generations. the modified strain had, on the average, a 28-fold increase in cellulose pr ... | 2004 | 14987772 |
| yeast ecology of kombucha fermentation. | kombucha is a traditional fermentation of sweetened tea, involving a symbiosis of yeast species and acetic acid bacteria. despite reports of different yeast species being associated with the fermentation, little is known of the quantitative ecology of yeasts in kombucha. using oxytetracycline-supplemented malt extract agar, yeasts were isolated from four commercially available kombucha products and identified using conventional biochemical and physiological tests. during the fermentation of each ... | 2004 | 15282124 |
| identification of acetic acid bacteria isolated from fruits collected in thailand. | 2004 | 15057711 | |
| antimicrobial and antioxidant flavonoids from the root wood of bolusanthus speciosus. | three new flavonoids-5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6-[1-hydroxy-2-methylbuten-2-yl]isoflavone (isogancaonin c), 7,2'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflav-3-ene (bolusanthin iii), 6,6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-2-arylbenzofuran (bolusanthin iv), in addition to eight known flavonoids; derrone, medicarpan, genistein, wighteone, lupiwighteone, gancaonin c, 7-hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone and 7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone were isolated from the root wood of bolusanthus speciosus. the compounds showed strong antimicrobial ... | 2004 | 15081287 |
| emendation of the genus acidomonas urakami, tamaoka, suzuki and komagata 1989. | the genus acidomonas and the species acidomonas methanolica were recharacterized by using the type strain (nric 0498(t)), three reference strains and 10 methanol-utilizing bacteria that were isolated from activated sludge from three different sewage-treatment plants in tokyo. based on 16s rdna sequences, all strains formed a single cluster within the acetobacteraceae that was clearly different from the genera acetobacter, gluconobacter, gluconacetobacter, asaia and kozakia: the 14 strains were i ... | 2004 | 15143037 |
| characterization of bacterial diversity in pulque, a traditional mexican alcoholic fermented beverage, as determined by 16s rdna analysis. | the bacterial diversity in pulque, a traditional mexican alcoholic fermented beverage, was studied in 16s rdna clone libraries from three pulque samples. sequenced clones identified as lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus strain asf360, l. kefir, l. acetotolerans, l. hilgardii, l. plantarum, leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, microbacterium arborescens, flavobacterium johnsoniae, acetobacter pomorium, gluconobacter oxydans, and hafnia alvei, were detected for the first time in pulque. identity ... | 2004 | 15183874 |
| growth characteristics and oxidative capacity of acetobacter aceti ifo 3281: implications for l-ribulose production. | we studied the growth characteristics and oxidative capacities of acetobacter aceti ifo 3281 in batch and chemostat cultures. in batch culture, glycerol was the best growth substrate and growth on ethanol occurred only after 6 days delay, although ethanol was rapidly oxidized to acetic acid. in continuous culture, both glycerol and ethanol were good growth substrates with similar characteristics. resting cells in a bioreactor oxidized ribitol to l-ribulose with a maximal specific rate of 1.2 g g ... | 2004 | 12898066 |
| an assessment of the genotoxicity and human health risk of topical use of kojic acid [5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4h-pyran-4-one]. | kojic acid (ka), a natural substance produced by fungi or bacteria, such as aspergillus, penicillium or acetobacter spp, is contained in traditional japanese fermented foods and is used as a dermatological skin-lightening agent. high concentrations of ka (>or=1000 microg/plate) were mutagenic in s. typhimurium strains ta 98, ta 100, ta 1535, ta102 and e. coli wp2uvra, but not in ta 1537. an ames test following the "treat and plate" protocol was negative. a chromosome aberration test in v79 cells ... | 2004 | 14630133 |
| cloning and characterization of the dnakj operon in acetobacter aceti. | the dnakj operon of acetobacter aceti was cloned and sequenced. the profile of the gene configuration was similar to that of other alpha-proteobacteria. in the dnak and dnaj proteins of a. aceti, the characteristic domains/motifs reported in other organisms were well conserved. this operon was transcribed in response to a temperature shift and exposure to ethanol/acetic acid. the overexpression of this operon in a. aceti resulted in improved growth compared to the control strain at high temperat ... | 2004 | 16233640 |
| improvement of bacterial cellulose production by addition of agar in a jar fermentor. | bacterial cellulose (bc) was produced by acetobacter xylinum bpr 2001 and its acetan nonproducing mutant ep1 in corn steep liquor-fructose medium in a 10-l jar fermentor supplemented with different agar concentrations ranging from 0% to 1.0% (w/v). the bc productivity of the two strains was increased by adding agar. the maximum bc production of bpr 2001 at an agar concentration of 0.4% was 12.8 g/l compared with 8 g/l without agar. the mutant ep1 produced 11.6 g/l of bc at an agar concentration ... | 2004 | 16233586 |
| [recent advances in research and application of associated nitrogen-fixation with graminaceous plants]. | the category, characteristic of diazotrophs isolated from inside and/or rhizosphere of graminaceous plants in recent year and the mechanism of the promoting effects on their host plant were reviewed in this paper. the current status of application of associative nitrogen-fixation inoculants and the problems in inoculation were discussed. it was indicated that the main factors influencing the effects of inoculants include the competition of indigenous micro-organism with inoculants for nutritions ... | 2004 | 15669502 |
| cross-polarization/magic-angle spinning 13c nuclear magnetic resonance study of cellulose i-ethylenediamine complex. | complete assignments of the cross-polarization/magic-angle spinning (cp/mas) 13c nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectrum of the cellulose i-ethylenediamine (eda) complex, which is the intermediate of the reaction from cellulose i to cellulose iii(i), were performed. in this paper, we used the 13c-enriched cellulose that was biosynthesized by acetobacter xylinum atcc10245 strain from culture medium containing d-(2-13c), d-(3-13c), or d-(5-13c)glucose as a carbon source. after conversion into ce ... | 2003 | 16233556 |
| manufacture of a beverage from cheese whey using a "tea fungus" fermentation. | kombucha is a sour beverage reported to have potential health effects prepared from the fermentation of black tea and sugar with a "tea fungus", a symbiotic culture of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts. although black tea is the preferred substrate for kombucha fermentation, other beverages have also been tested as substrates with fair results. cheese whey is a by-product with a good amount of fermentable lactose that has been used before in the production of beverages, so the objective of this st ... | 2003 | 17061515 |
| acetobacter turbidans alpha-amino acid ester hydrolase: merohedral twinning in p21 obscured by pseudo-translational ncs. | the structure elucidation of the alpha-amino acid ester hydrolase from acetobacter turbidans by molecular replacement is described. in the monoclinic crystal, the molecules are related by both rotational and pseudo-crystallographic translational ncs (non-crystallographic symmetry). refinement of the structure converged at unacceptably high r factors. after re-evaluation of the data, it was found that the crystal was merohedrally twinned, with a high twinning fraction. it is shown that the pseudo ... | 2003 | 14646082 |
| purification and characterization of two nad-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (adhs) induced in the quinoprotein adh-deficient mutant of acetobacter pasteurianus sku1108. | high nad-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) activity was found in the cytoplasm when a membrane-bound, quinoprotein, adh-deficient mutant strain of acetobacter pasteurianus sku1108 was grown on ethanol. two nad-dependent adhs were separated and purified from the supernatant fraction of the cells. one (adh i) is a trimer, consisting of an identical subunit of 42 kda, while the other (adh ii) is a homodimer, having a subunit of 31 kda. one of the two adhs, adh ii, easily lost the activity durin ... | 2003 | 12834271 |
| study of process variables in industrial acetic fermentation by a continuous pilot fermentor and response surfaces. | the modeling and optimization of industrial processes requires an intensive study of the factors involved. in this work, a continuous pilot system for studying the industrial process of acetic fermentation is developed. a doehlert design is applied to the five variables involved in the pilot process. this experimental design allows reduction of the experimental burden and the maximum amount of information to be obtained, studying the factors at different levels depending on their significance. t ... | 2003 | 14524708 |
| overexpression of the atp-dependent helicase recg improves resistance to weak organic acids in escherichia coli. | increased resistance to several weak organic acids was conferred on escherichia coli by overexpression of the atp-dependent helicase recg and, to a lesser extent, by overexpressing the helicase ruvab. this property of helicases was identified by reproducible selection of recg-bearing clones from genomic libraries of the acetate-resistant species acetobacter aceti and staphylococcus capitis. we show that overexpression of recg from both species, but also from e. coli, increased the maximum biomas ... | 2003 | 12898065 |
| macromolecular structure of cellulose studied by second-harmonic generation imaging microscopy. | the macromolecular structure of purified cellulose samples is studied by second-harmonic generation (shg) imaging microscopy. we show that the shg contrast in both valonia and acetobacter cellulose strongly resembles that of collagen from animal tissues, both in terms of morphology and polarization anisotropy. polarization analysis shows that microfibrils in each lamella are highly aligned and ordered and change directions by 90 degrees in adjacent lamellae. the angular dependence of the shg int ... | 2003 | 14649943 |
| characterisation of plasmids purified from acetobacter pasteurianus 2374. | four cryptic plasmids pap1, pap2, pap3, and pap4 with their replication regions ap were isolated from gram-negative bacteria acetobacter pasteurianus 2374 and characterised by sequence analyses. all plasmids were carrying the kanamycin resistance gene. three of four plasmids pap2, pap3, and pap4 encode an enzyme that confers ampicillin resistance to host cells. moreover, the tetracycline resistance gene was identified only in pap2 plasmid. all plasmids are capable to coexist with each other in a ... | 2003 | 14511653 |
| quinoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase is involved in catabolic acetate production, while nad-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase in ethanol assimilation in acetobacter pasteurianus sku1108. | the relationship between quinoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) and nad-dependent adh was studied by constructing quinoprotein adh-deficient mutants. quinoprotein adh-deficient mutants were successfully constructed from acetobacter pasteurianus sku1108 by n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (ntg) mutagenesis and also by adha gene disruption with a kanamycin cassette. the ntg mutant exhibited a complete loss of its acetate-producing ability and acetic acid resistance, while the disruptant also ... | 2003 | 16233574 |
| characterization of a novel cellulose synthesis inhibitor. | the physiological effects of an experimental herbicide and cellulose synthesis inhibitor, n2-(1-ethyl-3-phenylpropyl)-6-(1-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine, called ae f150944, are described. in the aminotriazine molecular class, ae f150944 is structurally distinct from other known cellulose synthesis inhibitors. it specifically inhibits crystalline cellulose synthesis in plants without affecting other processes that were tested. the effects of ae f150944 on dicotyledonous plants ... | 2003 | 12883883 |
| increased production of bacterial cellulose by acetobacter sp. v6 in synthetic media under shaking culture conditions. | acetobacter strains are bacteria that can synthesize cellulose when grown in a complex medium containing glucose. the effect of the components of a synthetic medium on bacterial cellulose (bc) production by a newly isolated acetobacter sp. v6 in shaking cultures was investigated. bc production was dependent on the presence of mgso4 x 7h2o and cosubstrates such as ethanol and lactic acid in the medium. the optimal synthetic medium contained 1.5% glucose, 0.2% (nh4)2so4, 0.3% kh2po4, 0.3% na2hpo4 ... | 2003 | 12688462 |
| solid-state 13c and 1h spin diffusion nmr analyses of the microfibril structure for bacterial cellulose. | to obtain further information about the cause for the rather large splitting of the c4 resonance line into the downfield (c4d) and upfield (c4u) lines in cp/mas 13c nmr spectra for native cellulose, 13c and 1h spin diffusion measurements have been conducted by using different types of bacterial cellulose samples. in 13c spin diffusion measurements, the c4d resonance line is selectively inverted by the dante pi pulse sequence and the 13c spin diffusion is allowed to proceed from the c4d carbons t ... | 2003 | 12787903 |
| soluble branched beta-(1,4)glucans from acetobacter species show strong activities to induce interleukin-12 in vitro and inhibit t-helper 2 cellular response with immunoglobulin e production in vivo. | an extracellular polysaccharide, ac-1, produced by acetobacter polysaccharogenes is composed of beta-(1,4)glucan with branches of glucosyl residues. we found that ac-1 showed a strong activity to induce production of interleukin-12 p40 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by macrophage cell lines in vitro. cellulase treatment completely abolished the activity of ac-1 to induce tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by macrophages, whereas treatment of ac-1 with polymyxin b or proteinase did not affec ... | 2003 | 12799362 |
| role of water-soluble polysaccharides in bacterial cellulose production. | acetobacter xylinum bpr2001 produces water-insoluble bacterial cellulose (bc) and a water-soluble polysaccharide called acetan in corn steep liquor-fructose medium. acetobacter xylinum ep1, which is incapable of acetan production was derived by disrupting the acea gene of bpr2001. the bc production by ep1 (2.88 g/l) was lower than that by bpr2001 (4.6 g/l) in baffled-flask culture. when purified acetan or agar was added to the medium from the start of cultivation, the bc production by ep1 was en ... | 2003 | 12800141 |
| x-ray analysis of two antibiotic-synthesizing bacterial ester hydrolases: preliminary results. | alpha-amino-acid ester hydrolases are multimeric enzymes of potential use in antibiotic production. knowledge of their structure could help to engineer these enzymes into economically viable biocatalysts. the alpha-amino-acid ester hydrolases from xanthomonas citri and acetobacter turbidans have been crystallized. the x. citri enzyme crystallizes in a primitive monoclinic space group (unit-cell parameters a = 90.1, b = 125.8, c = 132.1 a, beta = 90.9 degrees ). the a. turbidans enzyme crystalliz ... | 2003 | 12499556 |
| construction of a vector plasmid for use in gluconobacter oxydans. | a host vector system in gluconobacter oxydans was constructed. an acetobacter-escherichia coli shuttle vector was introduced with the efficiency of 10(4) transformants/microg of dna. next, aiming for a self-cloning vector, we found a cryptic plasmid (which we named pag5) of 5648 bp in g. oxydans strain ifo 3171, and sequenced the nucleotides. the plasmid seemed to have only one open reading flame (orf) for a possible replication protein. shuttle vectors of gluconobacter-e. coli were constructed ... | 2003 | 12619700 |
| new developments in oxidative fermentation. | oxidative fermentations have been well established for a long time, especially in vinegar and in l-sorbose production. recently, information on the enzyme systems involved in these oxidative fermentations has accumulated and new developments are possible based on these findings. we have recently isolated several thermotolerant acetic acid bacteria, which also seem to be useful for new developments in oxidative fermentation. two different types of membrane-bound enzymes, quinoproteins and flavopr ... | 2003 | 12664142 |
| spoilage of bottled red wine by acetic acid bacteria. | to determine the bacterial species associated with an outbreak of spoilage in commercially bottled red wine where the bottles had been stored in an upright vertical compared with horizontal position. | 2003 | 12680944 |
| tensile deformation of bacterial cellulose composites. | the polymeric basis for the mechanical properties of primary plant cell walls has been investigated by forming analogous composites based on fermentation of the bacterium acetobacter xylinus, either alone or in the presence of xyloglucan or pectin. simultaneous small-angle x-ray scattering and uniaxial deformation experiments has shown how the cellulose microfibrils reorient during deformation. despite very different stress/strain curves, the reorientation behaviour is similar, regardless of the ... | 2003 | 12719129 |
| kombucha: a systematic review of the clinical evidence. | kombucha has become a popular complementary remedy. the aim of this systematic review was to critically evaluate the evidence related to its efficacy and safety. | 2003 | 12808367 |
| composites of bacterial cellulose and paper made with a rotating disk bioreactor. | suspended solids in the nutrient medium for acetobacter xylinium in a rotating disk bioreactor become incorporated into the gelatinous mat of bacterial cellulose as it forms. embedding fibers of ordinary cellulose creates composites with enhanced strength and the toughness of bacterial cellulose. purified cellulose and elongated fibers from paper are incorporated differently than are spherical particles such as silica gel. about 90% of the final cellulose can come from scrap paper, and dried com ... | 2003 | 12827324 |
| cloning, expression and characterization of a family-74 xyloglucanase from thermobifida fusca. | thermobifida fusca xyloglucan-specific endo-beta-1,4-glucanase (xeg)74 and the xeg74 catalytic domain (cd) were cloned, expressed in escherichia coli, purified and characterized. this enzyme has a glycohydrolase family-74 cd that is a specific xyloglucanase followed by a family-2 carbohydrate binding module at the c terminus. the michaelis constant (km) and maximal rate (vmax) values for hydrolysis of tamarind seed xyloglucan (tamxg) are 2.4 micro m and 966 micro mol xyloglucan oligosaccharides ... | 2003 | 12846842 |
| the microbial ecology of cocoa bean fermentations in indonesia. | cocoa beans are the principal raw material of chocolate manufacture. the beans are subject to a microbial fermentation as the first stage in chocolate production. the microbial ecology of bean fermentation (forastero and trinitario cultivars) was investigated at three commercial fermentaries in east java, indonesia by determining the populations of individual species at 12-h intervals throughout the process. the first 2-3 days of fermentation were characterised by the successional growth of vari ... | 2003 | 12892924 |
| long-term continuous evolution of acetate resistant acetobacter aceti. | elevated concentrations of cytotoxic acetate are found in many environmental niches, and few species are relatively resistant to acetate. in particular the high-level acetate resistance of so-called acetic acid bacteria that occurs in industrial settings must be constantly selected for. to investigate the nature of such high-level resistance, we grew the moderately acetate-resistant acetobacter aceti wild-type and acetate-sensitive escherichia coli in long-term continuous cultures with increasin ... | 2003 | 12910541 |
| effect of some abiotic factors on the biological activity of gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus. | the effect of some abiotic factors, dryness, heat and salinity on the growth and biological activity of gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, and the influence of a salt stress on some enzymes involved in carbon metabolism of these bacteria is studied under laboratory conditions. | 2003 | 12911701 |
| development of an optimized, simple chemically defined medium for bacterial cellulose production by acetobacter sp. a9 in shaking cultures. | the genus acetobacter can synthesize cellulose when grown in an undefined medium containing glucose. by using the technique of the omission of a single medium component, an optimized and simple chemically defined medium was developed to support cellulose production by acetobacter sp. a9 in shaking culture. it contained 4.0% (w/v) glucose, 0.2% (w/v) (nh(4))(2)so(4), 0.25% (w/v) kh(2)po(4), 0.3% (w/v) na(2)hpo(4).12h(2)o, 0.05% (w/v) mgso(4).7h(2)o, 0.0002% (w/v) feso(4).7h(2)o, 0.00025% (w/v) h( ... | 2002 | 12149121 |
| cp/mas (13)c nmr study of cellulose and cellulose derivatives. 1. complete assignment of the cp/mas (13)c nmr spectrum of the native cellulose. | the precise assignments of cross polarization/magic angle spinning (cp/mas) (13)c nmr spectra of cellulose i(alpha) and i(beta) were performed by using (13)c labeled cellulose biosynthesized by acetobacter xylinum (a. xylinum) atcc10245 strain from culture medium containing d-[1,3-(13)c]glycerol or d-[2-(13)c]glucose as a carbon source. on the cp/mas (13)c nmr spectrum of cellulose from d-[1,3-(13)c]glycerol, the introduced (13)c labeling were observed at c1, c3, c4, and c6 of the biosynthesized ... | 2002 | 12071760 |
| antimicrobial flavonoids from bolusanthus speciosus. | a new isoflavanone namely 3,5,7,2',4'-pentahydroxy-8,3'-di(gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl)isoflavanone (bolusanthin ii) and four new pterocarpans identified as 3-hydroxy-6',6'-dimethylpyrano[2',3':1,2] [6a r,11a r]-8,9-methylenedioxypterocarpan (bolucarpan a), 3-hydroxy-6',6'-dimethyl-4',5'-dihydropyrano[2',3':1,2][6a r,11a r]- 8,9-methylenedioxypterocarpan (bolucarpan b), 3-hydroxy-9-methoxy-6',6'-dimethylpyrano-[2',3':1,2][6a r,11a r]-pterocarpan (bolucarpan c) and 3-hydroxy-9-methoxy-6',6'-dimethy ... | 2002 | 12142995 |
| molecular interactions in bacterial cellulose composites studied by 1d ft-ir and dynamic 2d ft-ir spectroscopy. | specific strain-induced orientation and interactions in three acetobacter cellulose composites: cellulose (c), cellulose/pectin (cp) and cellulose/xyloglucan (cxg) were characterized by ft-ir and dynamic 2d ft-ir spectroscopies. on the molecular level, the reorientation of the cellulose fibrils occurred in the direction of the applied mechanical strain. the cellulose-network reorientation depends on the composition of the matrix, including the water content, which lubricates the motion of macrom ... | 2002 | 12062530 |
| identification of the catalytic residues of alpha-amino acid ester hydrolase from acetobacter turbidans by labeling and site-directed mutagenesis. | the alpha-amino acid ester hydrolase from acetobacter turbidans atcc 9325 is capable of hydrolyzing and synthesizing the side chain peptide bond in beta-lactam antibiotics. data base searches revealed that the enzyme contains an active site serine consensus sequence gly-x-ser-tyr-x-gly that is also found in x-prolyl dipeptidyl aminopeptidase. the serine hydrolase inhibitor p-nitrophenyl-p'-guanidino-benzoate appeared to be an active site titrant and was used to label the alpha-amino acid ester h ... | 2002 | 12011065 |
| novel enzymatic method for the production of xylitol from d-arabitol by gluconobacter oxydans. | microorganisms capable of producing xylitol from d-arabitol were screened for. of the 420 strains tested, three bacteria, belonging to the genera acetobacter and gluconobacter, produced xylitol from d-arabitol when intact cells were used as the enzyme source. among them, gluconobacter oxydans atcc 621 produced 29.2 g/l xylitol from 52.4 g/l d-arabitol after incubation for 27 h. the production of xylitol was increased by the addition of 5% (v/v) ethanol and 5 g/l d-glucose to the reaction mixture ... | 2002 | 12596856 |
| optimizing high strength acetic acid bioprocess by cognitive methods in an unsteady state cultivation. | methods of adapting micro-organisms to an inhibiting factor in an active industrial bioprocess were examined with an acetic acid fermentation as model. with the aim of automatic control, a fuzzy-logic system was developed on the basis of the collected knowledge of skilled vinegar brewers. in a first step, this fuzzy system was to assess the actual adaptation degree of the bacteria on the basis of data from robust and reasonably priced sensors. from this information an appropriate setpoint value ... | 2002 | 12067520 |
| purification and characterization of a novel polysaccharide involved in the pellicle produced by a thermotolerant acetobacter strain. | acetobacter strains able to produce a thick pellicle at 37 degrees c were screened among many thermotolerant strains isolated from fruits in thailand. as a result, acetobacter sp. sku 1100 was selected as the producer of a relatively thick pellicle even when cultured at higher temperatures such as 37 degrees c or 40 degrees c. this strain could produce a pellicle polysaccharide in a shaking submerged culture as well as under static culture conditions. the polysaccharide was found to be attached ... | 2002 | 12036050 |
| re-examination of the genus acetobacter, with descriptions of acetobacter cerevisiae sp. nov. and acetobacter malorum sp. nov. | thirty-four acetobacter strains, representing acetobacter aceti, acetobacter pasteurianus, acetobacter pomorum, acetobacter peroxydans, acetobacter lovaniensis, acetobacter estunensis, acetobacter orleanensis, acetobacter indonesiensis and acetobacter tropicalis, were subjected to a polyphasic study that included dna-dna hybridizations, dna base ratio determinations, 16s rdna sequence analysis and phenotypic characterization. two novel species are proposed, acetobacter cerevisiae sp. nov. and ac ... | 2002 | 12361257 |
| the enumeration and identification of acetic acid bacteria from south african red wine fermentations. | acetic acid bacteria are microorganisms that can profoundly influence the quality of wine. surprisingly, little research has been done on these microorganisms in the winemaking field. the object of this study was to investigate the occurrence of acetic acid bacteria in south african red wine fermentations and to identify the dominant species occurring. acetic acid bacteria were isolated and enumerated from small-scale and commercial red must fermentations in 1998 and 1999, respectively. the init ... | 2002 | 11930953 |
| a comparative resonance raman analysis of heme-binding pas domains: heme iron coordination structures of the bjfixl, axpdea1, ecdos, and mtdos proteins. | the heme-pas is a specialized domain with which a broad class of signal-transducing heme proteins detect physiological heme ligands. such domains exhibit a wide range of ligand binding parameters, yet they are all expected to feature an alpha-beta heme binding fold and a predominantly hydrophobic heme distal pocket without a distal histidine. we have compared, for the first time, the resonance raman spectra of several heme-pass: the heme-binding domains of bradyrhizobium japonicum fixl, escheric ... | 2002 | 11939776 |
| cultivation of acetobacter xylinum for bacterial cellulose production in a modified airlift reactor. | acetobacter xylinum for bacterial cellulose production was cultivated in a modified airlift reactor. better results were obtained from the modified reactor than from a conventional bubble column. after 72 h of cultivation, the final concentration of bacterial cellulose was 7.72 g/l and the productivity was 0.107 g/l per h in the modified airlift reactor. the concentration of bacterial cellulose was about three times higher than that produced in the conventional bubble column. moreover, the bacte ... | 2002 | 11916454 |
| purification and characterization of membrane-bound malate dehydrogenase from acetobacter sp. sku 14. | membrane-bound nad(p)-independent malate dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.99.16) was purified to homogeneity from the membrane of thermotolerant acetobacter sp. sku 14, an isolate from thailand. the enzyme was solubilized from the membrane fraction of glycerol-grown cells with 1% triton x-100 in the presence of 0.1 m kcl, and purified to homogeneity through steps of column chromatographies on deae-sephadex a-50 and deae-toyopearl in the presence of 0.1% triton x-100. the purified enzyme showed a single pro ... | 2002 | 11999402 |
| kozakia baliensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel acetic acid bacterium in the alpha-proteobacteria. | four bacterial strains were isolated from palm brown sugar and ragi collected in bali and yogyakarta, indonesia, by an enrichment culture approach for acetic acid bacteria. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences showed that the four isolates constituted a cluster separate from the genera acetobacter, gluconobacter, acidomonas, gluconacetobacter and asaia with a high bootstrap value in a phylogenetic tree. the isolates had high values of dna-dna similarity (78-100%) between one an ... | 2002 | 12054243 |
| effects of acetan on production of bacterial cellulose by acetobacter xylinum. | acetan is a water-soluble polysaccharide produced by a bacterial cellulose (bc) producer, acetobacter xylinum. an acetan-nonproducing mutant, ep1, was generated from wild-type a. xylinum bpr2001 by the disruption of acea, which may act to catalyze the first step of the acetan biosynthetic pathway in this bacterium. ep1 produced less bc than the wild-type strain. however, when ep1 was cultured in a medium containing acetan, bc production was stimulated and the final yield of bc was equivalent to ... | 2002 | 12353627 |
| cloning, sequence analysis, and expression in escherichia coli of the gene encoding an alpha-amino acid ester hydrolase from acetobacter turbidans. | the alpha-amino acid ester hydrolase from acetobacter turbidans atcc 9325 is capable of hydrolyzing and synthesizing beta-lactam antibiotics, such as cephalexin and ampicillin. n-terminal amino acid sequencing of the purified alpha-amino acid ester hydrolase allowed cloning and genetic characterization of the corresponding gene from an a. turbidans genomic library. the gene, designated aeha, encodes a polypeptide with a molecular weight of 72,000. comparison of the determined n-terminal sequence ... | 2002 | 11772629 |
| cloning of escherichia coli lacz and lacy genes and their expression in gluconobacter oxydans and acetobacter liquefaciens. | an efficient transformation protocol for gluconobacter oxydans and acetobacter liquefaciens strains was developed by preparation of electrocompetent cells grown on yeast extract-ethanol medium. plasmid pbbr122 was used as broad-host-range vector to clone the escherichia coli laczy genes in g. oxydans and a. liquefaciens. although both lac genes were functionally expressed in both acetic acid bacteria, only a few transformants were able to grow on lactose. however, this ability strictly depended ... | 2002 | 11976147 |
| cp/mas (13)c nmr study of cellulose and cellulose derivatives. 2. complete assignment of the (13)c resonance for the ring carbons of cellulose triacetate polymorphs. | complex ring (13)c resonance lines of the cross-polarization/magic angle spinning (cp/mas) (13)c nmr spectra of cellulose triacetate (cta) i and cta ii were completely assigned, for the first time, by (13)c-enriched cta allomorphs. the (13)c-enriched cta i was prepared by heterogeneous acetylation of bacterial cellulose which was biosynthesized by acetobacter xylinum (a. xylinum) atcc10245 from culture medium containing d-(2-(13)c)-, d-(3-(13)c)-, or d-(5-(13)c)glucose as a carbon source, while ... | 2002 | 12071761 |