| constitutive expression of the cloned phenol hydroxylase gene(s) from alcaligenes eutrophus jmp134 and concomitant trichloroethylene oxidation. | given the demonstrated phenol-dependent trichloroethylene (tce) degradation in alcaligenes eutrophus jmp134 (a. r. harker and y. kim, appl. environ. microbiol. 56:1179-1181, 1990), this work represents a purposeful effort to create a constitutive degrader of tce. genes responsible for phenol hydroxylase activity were identified by tn5 transposon mutagenesis. mutants lacked both phenol hydroxylase and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activities. southern blot analysis of total dna showed that all mutants ... | 1996 | 8795212 |
| ralstonia pickettii involved in spinal osteitis in an immunocompetent adult. | | 1998 | 9661960 |
| isolation and characterization of phenol-degrading denitrifying bacteria. | phenol is a man-made as well as a naturally occurring aromatic compound and an important intermediate in the biodegradation of natural and industrial aromatic compounds. whereas many microorganisms that are capable of aerobic phenol degradation have been isolated, only a few phenol-degrading anaerobic organisms have been described to date. in this study, three novel nitrate-reducing microorganisms that are capable of using phenol as a sole source of carbon were isolated and characterized. phenol ... | 1998 | 9647811 |
| effect of selected environmental factors on degradation and mineralization of biaryl compounds by the bacterium ralstonia pickettii in soil and compost. | by varying selected environmental factors, the degradation and mineralization of biaryl compounds by the bacterium ralstonia pickettii in soil and compost were investigated. an optimized soil moisture and enhanced bioavailability by using the nonionic surfactant tween 80 were of great importance for the degradation rates of biaryl compounds like biphenyl and 4-chlorobiphenyl by cells of ralstonia picketti sbug 290 inoculated into soil. additionally, degradation of these compounds by the investig ... | 1998 | 9566302 |
| degradation of chloronitrobenzenes by a coculture of pseudomonas putida and a rhodococcus sp. | a single microorganism able to mineralize chloronitrobenzenes (cnbs) has not been reported, and degradation of cnbs by coculture of two microbial strains was attempted. pseudomonas putida hs12 was first isolated by analogue enrichment culture using nitrobenzene (nb) as the substrate, and this strain was observed to possess a partial reductive pathway for the degradation of nb. from high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and 1h nuclear magnetic resonance analyses, nb-grown cells ... | 1999 | 10049867 |
| comparison of isolation media for recovery of burkholderia cepacia complex from respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis. | burkholderia cepacia selective agar (bcsa) has previously been devised for isolation of b. cepacia from respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis and tested under research laboratory conditions. here we describe a study in which bcsa, oxidation-fermentation polymyxin bacitracin lactose agar (ofpbl), and pseudomonas cepacia agar (pca) were compared in routine culture procedures for the ability to grow b. cepacia and inhibit other organisms. three hundred twenty-eight specimens from ... | 1999 | 10074517 |
| dna banding pattern polymorphism in vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium and criteria for defining strains. | the degree of dna banding pattern polymorphism exhibited by vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium (vrem) strains isolated on a renal unit over an 11-month period was investigated. thirty vrem strains from different patients were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge; with extended run and optimal pulse times), ribotyping, plasmid profile analysis, biotyping, pyrolysis mass spectrometry, and antibiogram analysis. pfge resolved 17 banding patterns which formed four distinct cluste ... | 1999 | 10074530 |
| identification of a new class of 5'-adenylylsulfate (aps) reductases from sulfate-assimilating bacteria. | a gene was cloned from burkholderia cepacia dbo1 that is homologous with escherichia coli cysh encoding 3'-phosphoadenylylsulfate (paps) reductase. the b. cepacia gene is the most recent addition to a growing list of cysh homologs from a diverse group of sulfate-assimilating bacteria whose products show greater homology to plant 5'-adenylylsulfate (aps) reductase than they do to e. coli cysh. the evidence reported here shows that the cysh from one of the species, pseudomonas aeruginosa, encodes ... | 2000 | 10613872 |
| molecular analysis of a novel methanesulfonic acid monooxygenase from the methylotroph methylosulfonomonas methylovora. | methylosulfonomonas methylovora m2 is an unusual gram-negative methylotrophic bacterium that can grow on methanesulfonic acid (msa) as the sole source of carbon and energy. oxidation of msa by this bacterium is carried out by a multicomponent msa monooxygenase (msamo). cloning and sequencing of a 7.5-kbp sphi fragment of chromosomal dna revealed four tightly linked genes encoding this novel monooxygenase. analysis of the deduced msamo polypeptide sequences indicated that the enzyme contains a tw ... | 1999 | 10094704 |
| the alkene monooxygenase from xanthobacter strain py2 is closely related to aromatic monooxygenases and catalyzes aromatic monohydroxylation of benzene, toluene, and phenol. | the genes encoding the six polypeptide components of the alkene monooxygenase from xanthobacter strain py2 (xamo) have been located on a 4.9-kb fragment of chromosomal dna previously cloned in cosmid pny2. sequencing and analysis of the predicted amino acid sequences indicate that the components of xamo are homologous to those of the aromatic monooxygenases, toluene 2-, 3-, and 4-monooxygenase and benzene monooxygenase, and that the gene order is identical. the genes and predicted polypeptides a ... | 1999 | 10103255 |
| discrimination of burkholderia multivorans and burkholderia vietnamiensis from burkholderia cepacia genomovars i, iii, and iv by pcr. | we present a pcr procedure for identification of burkholderia cepacia, burkholderia multivorans, and burkholderia vietnamiensis. 16s and 23s ribosomal dnas (rdnas) of b. multivorans and b. vietnamiensis were sequenced and aligned with published sequences for definition of species-specific 18-mer oligonucleotide primers. specific antisense 16s rdna primers (for b. cepacia, 5'-agc act ccc rcc tct cag-3'; for b. multivorans, 5'-agc act ccc gaa tct ctt-3') and 23s rdna primers (for b. vietnamiensis, ... | 1999 | 10203482 |
| conversion of 3-chlorocatechol by various catechol 2,3-dioxygenases and sequence analysis of the chlorocatechol dioxygenase region of pseudomonas putida gj31. | pseudomonas putida gj31 contains an unusual catechol 2,3-dioxygenase that converts 3-chlorocatechol and 3-methylcatechol, which enables the organism to use both chloroaromatics and methylaromatics for growth. a 3.1-kb region of genomic dna of strain gj31 containing the gene for this chlorocatechol 2,3-dioxygenase (cbze) was cloned and sequenced. the cbze gene appeared to be plasmid localized and was found in a region that also harbors genes encoding a transposase, a ferredoxin that was homologou ... | 1999 | 9973359 |
| activation and inactivation of pseudomonas stutzeri methylbenzene catabolism pathways mediated by a transposable element. | the arrangement of the genes involved in o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene catabolism was investigated in three pseudomonas stutzeri strains: the wild-type strain ox1, which is able to grow on o-xylene but not on the meta and para isomers; the mutant m1, which grows on m-xylene and p-xylene but is unable to utilize the ortho isomer; and the revertant r1, which can utilize all the three isomers of xylene. a 3-kb insertion sequence (is) termed isps1, which inactivates the m-xylene and p-xylene cata ... | 1999 | 10223973 |
| genetic diversity of african and worldwide strains of ralstonia solanacearum as determined by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the hrp gene region | the genetic diversity among a worldwide collection of 120 strains of ralstonia solanacearum was assessed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis of amplified fragments from the hrp gene region. five amplified fragments appeared to be specific to r. solanacearum. fifteen different profiles were identified among the 120 bacterial strains, and a hierarchical cluster analysis distributed them into eight clusters. each cluster included strains belonging to a single biovar, except ... | 1999 | 10224018 |
| assignment of centers for disease control group ivc-2 to the genus ralstonia as ralstonia paucula sp. nov. | an integrated genotypic and phenotypic analysis of 12 centers for disease control (cdc) group ivc-2 strains revealed that this taxon represents a novel species belonging to the genus ralstonia. comparative 16s rdna sequence analysis allocated a representative cdc group ivc-2 strain to the ralstonia branch of the beta subclass of the proteobacteria. dna-dna hybridizations did not detect significant binding levels towards any presently known ralstonia species, including ralstonia pickettii. its dn ... | 1999 | 10319489 |
| genes for 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid metabolism in burkholderia cepacia ac1100: characterization of the tftc and tftd genes and locations of the tft operons on multiple replicons. | burkholderia cepacia ac1100 uses the chlorinated aromatic compound 2, 4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-t) as a sole source of carbon and energy. the enzyme which converts the first intermediate in the pathway, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, to 5-chlorohydroquinone has been purified and consists of two subunits of 58 and 22 kda, encoded by the tftc and tftd genes (48). a degenerate primer was designed from the n terminus of the 58-kda polypeptide and used to isolate a clone containing the tftc and ... | 1998 | 9603818 |
| cdc group iv c-2: a new ralstonia species close to ralstonia eutropha. | cdc group iv c-2, an environmental gram-negative bacillus recently proposed for inclusion in the genus ralstonia, has been isolated in several human infections. biochemical characterization and 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) sequencing with phylogenetic analysis were used to characterize eight clinical isolates and four type strains. other typing tools, such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis, were also used. pfge typing of clinical isolat ... | 1999 | 10325323 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. nosocomial ralstonia pickettii colonization associated with intrinsically contaminated saline solution--los angeles, california, 1998. | | 1998 | 9634245 |
| topical antibiotics on tracheostoma prevents exogenous colonization and infection of lower airways in children. | patients requiring long-term ventilation are at high risk of lower airway infections, generally of endogenous development. patients on long-term ventilation, in particular via a tracheostomy, may develop tracheobronchitis or pneumonia of exogenous pathogenesis, ie, caused by microorganisms not carried in the oropharynx. the frequency of exogenous colonization or infection has previously been reported to be as high as 33%. a prospective observational cohort study of 2 years was undertaken to eval ... | 2000 | 10669698 |
| analyses of a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid granule-associated 16-kilodalton protein and its putative regulator in the pha locus of paracoccus denitrificans. | the polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (pha) granule-associated 16-kda protein (ga16 protein) of paracoccus denitrificans was identified, and its corresponding gene was cloned and analyzed at the molecular level. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of ga16 protein revealed that its structural gene is located downstream from the pha synthase gene (phacpd) cloned recently (s. ueda, t. yabutani, a. maehara, and t. yamane, j. bacteriol. 178:774-779, 1996). gene walking around phacpd revealed two new open readi ... | 1999 | 10217786 |
| a functional 4-hydroxysalicylate/hydroxyquinol degradative pathway gene cluster is linked to the initial dibenzo-p-dioxin pathway genes in sphingomonas sp. strain rw1. | the bacterium sphingomonas sp. strain rw1 is able to use dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, and several hydroxylated derivatives as sole sources of carbon and energy. we have determined and analyzed the nucleic acid sequence of a 9,997-bp hindiii fragment downstream of cistrons dxna1a2, which encode the dioxygenase component of the initial dioxygenase system of the corresponding catabolic pathways. this fragment contains 10 colinear open reading frames (orfs), apparently organized in one compact op ... | 1999 | 10348858 |
| ribonucleotide reduction in pseudomonas species: simultaneous presence of active enzymes from different classes. | three separate classes of ribonucleotide reductases exist in nature. they differ widely in protein structure. class i enzymes are found in aerobic bacteria and eukaryotes; class ii enzymes are found in aerobic and anaerobic bacteria; class iii enzymes are found in strict and facultative anaerobic bacteria. usually, but not always, one organism contains only one or two (in facultative anaerobes) classes. surprisingly, the genomic sequence of pseudomonas aeruginosa contains sequences for each of t ... | 1999 | 10383965 |
| identification of burkholderia spp. in the clinical microbiology laboratory: comparison of conventional and molecular methods. | cystic fibrosis (cf) predisposes patients to bacterial colonization and infection of the lower airways. several species belonging to the genus burkholderia are potential cf-related pathogens, but microbiological identification may be complicated. this situation is not in the least due to the poorly defined taxonomic status of these bacteria, and further validation of the available diagnostic assays is required. a total of 114 geographically diverse bacterial isolates, previously identified in re ... | 1999 | 10364579 |
| differentiation of burkholderia species by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the 16s rrna gene and application to cystic fibrosis isolates. | burkholderia cepacia, which is an important pathogen in cystic fibrosis (cf) owing to the potential severity of the infections and the high transmissibility of some clones, has been recently shown to be a complex of five genomic groups, i.e., genomovars i, ii (b. multivorans), iii, and iv and b. vietnamiensis. b. gladioli is also involved, though rarely, in cf. since standard laboratory procedures fail to provide an accurate identification of these organisms, we assessed the ability of restricti ... | 1999 | 10364586 |
| evaluation of autoscan-w/a and the vitek gni+ automicrobic system for identification of non-glucose-fermenting gram-negative bacilli. | the autoscan-w/a (w/a; dade behring microscan inc., west sacramento, calif.) and vitek automicrobic system (vitek ams; biomérieux vitek systems, inc., hazelwood, mo.) are both fully automated microbiology systems. we evaluated the accuracy of these two systems in identifying nonglucose-fermenting gram-negative bacilli. we used the w/a with conventional-panel neg combo type 12 and vitek gni+ identification systems. a total of 301 isolates from 25 different species were tested. of these, 299 isola ... | 2000 | 10699007 |
| comparison of bacterial community structures in the rhizoplane of tomato plants grown in soils suppressive and conducive towards bacterial wilt. | it has been reported that the growth of ralstonia solanacearum is suppressed at the rhizoplane of tomato plants and that tomato bacterial wilt is suppressed in plants grown in a soil (mutsumi) in japan. to evaluate the biological factors contributing to the suppressiveness of the soil in three treated mutsumi soils (chloroform fumigated soil; autoclaved soil mixed with intact mutsumi soil; and autoclaved soil mixed with intact, wilt-conducive yamadai soil) infested with r. solanacearum, we bioas ... | 1999 | 10473407 |
| identification of the pseudomonas stutzeri ox1 toluene-o-xylene monooxygenase regulatory gene (tour) and of its cognate promoter. | toluene-o-xylene monooxygenase is an enzymatic complex, encoded by the touabcdef genes, responsible for the early stages of toluene and o-xylene degradation in pseudomonas stutzeri ox1. in order to identify the loci involved in the transcriptional regulation of the tou gene cluster, deletion analysis and complementation studies were carried out with pseudomonas putida paw340 as a heterologous host harboring pfb1112, a plasmid that allowed regulated expression, inducible by toluene and o-xylene a ... | 1999 | 10473416 |
| cloning and characterization of the polyhydroxybutyrate depolymerase gene of pseudomonas stutzeri and analysis of the function of substrate-binding domains. | the extracellular polyhydroxybutyrate (phb) depolymerase gene (phazpst) of pseudomonas stutzeri was cloned and sequenced. phazpst was composed of 1,728 bp encoding a protein of 576 amino acids. analyses of the n-terminal amino acid sequence and the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (maldi-tof) mass spectrum of the purified enzyme showed that the mature enzyme consisted of 538 amino acids with a deduced molecular mass of 57,506 da. analysis of the deduced amino acid seque ... | 1999 | 9872779 |
| in situ detection of novel bacterial endosymbionts of acanthamoeba spp. phylogenetically related to members of the order rickettsiales. | acanthamoebae are ubiquitous soil and water bactivores which may serve as amplification vehicles for a variety of pathogenic facultative bacteria and as hosts to other, presently uncultured bacterial endosymbionts. the spectrum of uncultured endosymbionts includes gram-negative rods and gram-variable cocci, the latter recently shown to be members of the chlamydiales. we report here the isolation from corneal scrapings of two acanthamoeba strains that harbor gram-negative rod endosymbionts that c ... | 1999 | 9872781 |
| cloning, molecular analysis, and expression of the polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase (phac) gene from chromobacterium violaceum. | the polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene from chromobacterium violaceum (phac(cv)) was cloned and characterized. a 6.3-kb bamhi fragment was found to contain both phac(cv) and the polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (pha)-specific 3-ketothiolase (phaa(cv)). escherichia coli strains harboring this fragment produced significant levels of pha synthase and 3-ketothiolase, as judged by their activities. while c. violaceum accumulated poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) or poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) when ... | 1999 | 10427049 |
| tem-24 produced by four different species of enterobacteriaceae, including providencia rettgeri, in a single patient. | four species of members of the family enterobacteriaceae harboring extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) were recovered in a single patient hospitalized in an intensive care unit. among these isolates, we describe for the first time an esbl-producing providencia rettgeri strain. bacteria from the same species were shown to be genetically related by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis. these strains produced the same tem derivative esbl, characterized as tem-24. this enzyme had the peculi ... | 1999 | 10428940 |
| soluble methane monooxygenase gene clusters from trichloroethylene-degrading methylomonas sp. strains and detection of methanotrophs during in situ bioremediation. | the soluble mmo (smmo) gene clusters from group i methanotrophs were characterized. an 8.1-kb kpni fragment from methylomonas sp. strain kswiii and a 7.5-kb sali fragment from methylomonas sp. strain kspiii which contained the smmo gene clusters were cloned and sequenced. the sequences of these two fragments were almost identical. the smmo gene clusters in the fragment consisted of six open reading frames which were 52 to 79% similar to the corresponding genes of previously described smmo gene c ... | 1999 | 10583965 |
| biochemical-genetic characterization and distribution of oxa-22, a chromosomal and inducible class d beta-lactamase from ralstonia (pseudomonas) pickettii. | from genomic dna of ralstonia pickettii isolate pic-1, a beta-lactamase gene was cloned that encodes the oxacillinase oxa-22. it differs from known oxacillinases, being most closely related to oxa-9 (38% amino acid identity). the hydrolytic spectrum of oxa-22 is limited mostly to benzylpenicillin, cloxacillin, and restricted-spectrum cephalosporins. oxa-22-like genes were identified as single chromosomal copies in five other r. pickettii clinical isolates. the expression of oxa-22-like beta-lact ... | 2000 | 10898703 |
| species-specific pcr as a tool for the identification of burkholderia gladioli. | burkholderia gladioli colonizes the respiratory tracts of patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease. however, due to the high degree of phenotypic similarity between this species and closely related species in the burkholderia cepacia complex, accurate identification is difficult. incorrect identification of these species may have serious repercussions for the management of patients with cystic fibrosis. to develop an accurate procedure for the identification of b. gladioli ... | 2000 | 10618102 |
| generation of novel bacterial regulatory proteins that detect priority pollutant phenols. | the genetic systems of bacteria that have the ability to use organic pollutants as carbon and energy sources can be adapted to create bacterial biosensors for the detection of industrial pollution. the creation of bacterial biosensors is hampered by a lack of information about the genetic systems that control production of bacterial enzymes that metabolize pollutants. we have attempted to overcome this problem through modification of dmpr, a regulatory protein for the phenol degradation pathway ... | 2000 | 10618218 |
| amplified rdna restriction analysis and further genotypic characterisation of metal-resistant soil bacteria and related facultative hydrogenotrophs. | the level of genotypic relationship between czc+ soil bacteria mainly resistant to zinc (but also to various other metals), and related facultative hydrogenotrophs previously assigned to the genera alcaligenes, ralstonia, and burkholderia was evaluated using ardra (amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis). the analysis included 44 strains isolated from harsh industrial environments in sediments, soils and wastes with high content of heavy metals. these strains were selected by their ability ... | 1999 | 10390877 |
| ralstonia eutropha tf93 is blocked in tat-mediated protein export. | ralstonia eutropha (formerly alcaligenes eutrophus) tf93 is pleiotropically affected in the translocation of redox enzymes synthesized with an n-terminal signal peptide bearing a twin arginine (s/t-r-r-x-f-l-k) motif. immunoblot analyses showed that the catalytic subunits of the membrane-bound [nife] hydrogenase (mbh) and the molybdenum cofactor-binding periplasmic nitrate reductase (nap) are mislocalized to the cytoplasm and to the inner membrane, respectively. moreover, physiological studies s ... | 2000 | 10633089 |
| functional analysis of the small component of the 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase of escherichia coli w: a prototype of a new flavin:nad(p)h reductase subfamily. | escherichia coli w uses the aromatic compound 4-hydroxyphenylacetate (4-hpa) as a sole source of carbon and energy for growth. the monooxygenase which converts 4-hpa into 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate, the first intermediate of the pathway, consists of two components, hpab (58.7 kda) and hpac (18.6 kda), encoded by the hpab and hpac genes, respectively, that form a single transcription unit. overproduction of the small hpac component in e. coli k-12 cells has facilitated the purification of the pro ... | 2000 | 10633095 |
| a multistate nosocomial outbreak of ralstonia pickettii colonization associated with an intrinsically contaminated respiratory care solution. | from 1 february through 30 april 1998, 4 hospitals reported a total of 34 patients colonized with ralstonia pickettii. all but 1 had been exposed to 0.9% saline solution manufactured by 1 company (modudose; kendall, mainsfield, ma), which was used during endotracheal suctioning. culture of saline solution from previously unopened vials yielded r. pickettii. all available product and patient isolates were genotypically related by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) analysis. the contaminated ... | 1999 | 10524976 |
| hbpr, a new member of the xylr/dmpr subclass within the ntrc family of bacterial transcriptional activators, regulates expression of 2-hydroxybiphenyl metabolism in pseudomonas azelaica hbp1. | the regulation of 2-hydroxybiphenyl and 2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl degradation in pseudomonas azelaica is mediated by the regulatory gene, hbpr. the hbpr gene encodes a 63-kda protein belonging to the ntrc family of prokaryotic transcriptional activators and having the highest homology to members of the xylr/dmpr subclass. disruption of the hbpr gene in p. azelaica and complementation in trans showed that the hbpr protein was the key regulator for 2-hydroxybiphenyl metabolism. induction experiments ... | 2000 | 10629187 |
| rapid differentiation of fermentative from nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli in positive blood cultures by an impedance method. | rapid differentiation of fermentative gram-negative bacilli (fermenters) from nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli (nonfermenters) in positive blood cultures may help physicians to narrow the choice of appropriate antibiotics for empiric treatment. an impedance method for direct differentiation of fermenters from nonfermenters was investigated. the bacterial suspensions (or positive culture broths containing gram-negative bacteria) were inoculated into the module wells of a bactometer (biomérie ... | 2000 | 11015369 |
| characterization and role of tbux in utilization of toluene by ralstonia pickettii pko1. | the tbu regulon of ralstonia pickettii pko1 encodes enzymes involved in the catabolism of toluene, benzene, and related alkylaromatic hydrocarbons. the first operon in this regulon contains genes that encode the tbu pathway's initial catabolic enzyme, toluene-3-monooxygenase, as well as tbut, the ntrc-like transcriptional activator for the entire regulon. it has been previously shown that the organization of tbut, which is located immediately downstream of tbua1ubva2c, and the associated promote ... | 2000 | 10671442 |
| capillary electrophoresis-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis for rapid identification of pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative nonfermenting bacilli recovered from patients with cystic fibrosis. | we used capillary electrophoresis-single-strand conformation polymorphism (ce-sscp) analysis of pcr-amplified 16s rrna gene fragments for rapid identification of pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative nonfermenting bacilli isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). target sequences were amplified by using forward and reverse primers labeled with various fluorescent dyes. the labeled pcr products were denatured by heating and separated by capillary gel electrophoresis with an autom ... | 1999 | 10488211 |
| rapid diagnosis of bacteremia by universal amplification of 23s ribosomal dna followed by hybridization to an oligonucleotide array. | the rapid identification of bacteria in blood cultures and other clinical specimens is important for patient management and antimicrobial therapy. we describe a rapid (<4 h) detection and identification system that uses universal pcr primers to amplify a variable region of bacterial 23s ribosomal dna, followed by reverse hybridization of the products to a panel of oligonucleotides. this procedure was successful in discriminating a range of bacteria in pure cultures. when this procedure was appli ... | 2000 | 10655385 |
| poly(3-hydroxyvalerate) depolymerase of pseudomonas lemoignei. | pseudomonas lemoignei is equipped with at least five polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) depolymerase structural genes (phaz1 to phaz5) which enable the bacterium to utilize extracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb), poly(3-hydroxyvalerate) (phv), and related polyesters consisting of short-chain-length hxdroxyalkanoates (pha(scl)) as the sole sources of carbon and energy. four genes (phaz1, phaz2, phaz3, and phaz5) encode phb depolymerases c, b, d, and a, respectively. it was speculated that the remain ... | 2000 | 10742216 |
| application of membrane filtration for removal of diminutive bioburden organisms in pharmaceutical products and processes. | in this report, we present results of a recent investigation in our laboratories demonstrated the effect of process conditions and/or drug product composition on the ability of 0.2 micron and 0.22 micron sterilizing grade filters to fully retain ralstonia (formerly burkholderia, formerly pseudomonas) pickettii. r. pickettii is a opportunistic pathogen widely distributed in nature as well as clinical specimens and there have been several reports of nosocomial infections due to intrinsic manufactu ... | 1999 | 10754712 |
| description of pandoraea gen. nov. with pandoraea apista sp. nov., pandoraea pulmonicola sp. nov., pandoraea pnomenusa sp. nov., pandoraea sputorum sp. nov. and pandoraea norimbergensis comb. nov. | a polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on a group of isolates tentatively identified as burkholderia cepacia, ralstonia pickettii or ralstonia paucula (formerly known as cdc group ivc-2). the isolates were mainly cultured from sputum of cystic fibrosis patients or from soil. sds-page of whole-cell proteins and aflp fingerprinting distinguished at least five different species, and this was confirmed by dna-dna hybridizations. 16s rdna sequence analysis of representative strains indicated that ... | 2000 | 10758901 |
| toluene monooxygenase-catalyzed epoxidation of alkenes. | several toluene monooxygenase-producing organisms were tested for their ability to oxidize linear alkenes and chloroalkenes three to eight carbons long. each of the wild-type organisms degraded all of the alkenes that were tested. epoxides were produced during the oxidation of butene, butadiene, and pentene but not hexene or octadiene. a strain of escherichia coli expressing the cloned toluene-4-monooxygenase (t4mo) of pseudomonas mendocina kr1 was able to oxidize butene, butadiene, pentene, and ... | 2000 | 10788354 |
| distinguishing species of the burkholderia cepacia complex and burkholderia gladioli by automated ribotyping. | several species belonging to the genus burkholderia are clinically relevant, opportunistic pathogens that inhabit major environmental reservoirs. consequently, the availability of means for adequate identification and epidemiological characterization of individual environmental or clinical isolates is mandatory. in the present communication we describe the use of the riboprinter microbial characterization system (qualicon, warwick, united kingdom) for automated ribotyping of 104 strains of burkh ... | 2000 | 10790116 |
| cloning and expression of ntnd, encoding a novel nad(p)(+)-independent 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol dehydrogenase from pseudomonas sp. strain tw3. | pseudomonas sp. strain tw3 is able to metabolize 4-nitrotoluene to 4-nitrobenzoate and toluene to benzoate aerobically via a route analogous to the upper pathway of the tol plasmids. we report the cloning and characterization of a benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene (ntnd) which encodes the enzyme for the catabolism of 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol and benzyl alcohol to 4-nitrobenzaldehyde and benzaldehyde, respectively. the gene is located downstream of the previously reported ntn gene cluster. ntnd bear ... | 2000 | 10809692 |
| involvement of the cis/trans isomerase cti in solvent resistance of pseudomonas putida dot-t1e. | pseudomonas putida dot-t1e is a solvent-resistant strain that is able to grow in the presence of high concentrations of toluene. we have cloned and sequenced the cti gene of this strain, which encodes the cis/trans isomerase, termed cti, that catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of esterified fatty acids in phospholipids, mainly cis-oleic acid (c(16:1,9)) and cis-vaccenic acid (c(18:1,11)), in response to solvents. to determine the importance of this cis/trans isomerase for solvent resistance a ... | 1999 | 10482510 |
| development of rrna-based pcr assays for identification of burkholderia cepacia complex isolates recovered from cystic fibrosis patients. | pcr assays targeting rrna genes were developed to identify species (genomovars) within the burkholderia cepacia complex. each assay was tested with 177 bacterial isolates that also underwent taxonomic analysis by whole-cell protein profile. these isolates were from clinical and environmental sources and included 107 b. cepacia complex strains, 23 burkholderia gladioli strains, 20 ralstonia pickettii strains, 10 pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, 8 stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains, and 9 isolate ... | 1999 | 10488171 |
| characterization of 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-hydroxylase (hpab) of escherichia coli as a reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide-utilizing monooxygenase. | 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-hydroxylase (hpab and hpac) of escherichia coli w has been reported as a two-component flavin adenine dinucleotide (fad)-dependent monooxygenase that attacks a broad spectrum of phenolic compounds. however, the function of each component in catalysis is unclear. the large component (hpab) was demonstrated here to be a reduced fad (fadh(2))-utilizing monooxygenase. when an e. coli flavin reductase (fre) having no apparent homology with hpac was used to generate fadh(2) in ... | 2000 | 10653707 |
| interaction between burkholderia pseudomallei and acanthamoeba species results in coiling phagocytosis, endamebic bacterial survival, and escape. | burkholderia pseudomallei causes melioidosis, a potentially fatal disease whose clinical outcomes include rapid-onset septicemia and relapsing and delayed-onset infections. like other facultative intracellular bacterial pathogens, b. pseudomallei is capable of survival in human phagocytic cells, but unlike mycobacteria, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella serovar typhimurium, the species has not been reported to survive as an endosymbiont in free-living amebae. we investigated the consequence ... | 2000 | 10678988 |
| characterization of the gene cluster involved in isoprene metabolism in rhodococcus sp. strain ad45. | the genes involved in isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) utilization in rhodococcus sp. strain ad45 were cloned and characterized. sequence analysis of an 8.5-kb dna fragment showed the presence of 10 genes of which 2 encoded enzymes which were previously found to be involved in isoprene degradation: a glutathione s-transferase with activity towards 1,2-epoxy-2-methyl-3-butene (isoi) and a 1-hydroxy-2-glutathionyl-2-methyl-3-butene dehydrogenase (isoh). furthermore, a gene encoding a second gluta ... | 2000 | 10715003 |
| utility of commercial systems for identification of burkholderia cepacia complex from cystic fibrosis sputum culture. | performances of several commercial test systems were reviewed to determine their relative levels of accuracy in identifying burkholderia cepacia complex isolates recovered from cystic fibrosis sputum culture. positive predictive values ranged from 71 to 98%; negative predictive values ranged from 50 to 82%. all systems misidentified b. cepacia complex. the species most frequently misidentified as b. cepacia was burkholderia gladioli. these data support the results of previous studies that recomm ... | 2000 | 10921992 |
| phylogenetic diversity among geographically dispersed chlamydiales endosymbionts recovered from clinical and environmental isolates of acanthamoeba spp. | the recently proposed reorganization of the order chlamydiales and description of new taxa are broadening our perception of this once narrowly defined taxon. we have recovered four strains of gram-negative cocci endosymbiotic in acanthamoeba spp., representing 5% of the acanthamoeba sp. isolates examined, which displayed developmental life cycles typical of members of the chlamydiales. one of these endosymbiont strains was found stably infecting an amoebic isolate recovered from a case of amoebi ... | 2000 | 10831445 |
| toluene-degrading bacteria are chemotactic towards the environmental pollutants benzene, toluene, and trichloroethylene. | the bioremediation of polluted groundwater and toxic waste sites requires that bacteria come into close physical contact with pollutants. this can be accomplished by chemotaxis. five motile strains of bacteria that use five different pathways to degrade toluene were tested for their ability to detect and swim towards this pollutant. three of the five strains (pseudomonas putida f1, ralstonia pickettii pko1, and burkholderia cepacia g4) were attracted to toluene. in each case, the response was de ... | 2000 | 10966434 |
| identification and characteristics of a novel burkholderia strain with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. | a burkholderia strain isolated from soil is capable of inhibiting the growth of bacteria, plant-pathogenic fungi, pathogenic yeasts, and protozoa. inhibition does not involve cell contact or the presence of living cells, suggesting that at least a substantial portion of the antimicrobial activity is due to the excretion of extracellular compounds. | 2000 | 10966443 |
| reactions involved in the lower pathway for degradation of 4-nitrotoluene by mycobacterium strain hl 4-nt-1. | in spite of the variety of initial reactions, the aerobic biodegradation of aromatic compounds generally yields dihydroxy intermediates for ring cleavage. recent investigation of the degradation of nitroaromatic compounds revealed that some nitroaromatic compounds are initially converted to 2-aminophenol rather than dihydroxy intermediates by a number of microorganisms. the complete pathway for the metabolism of 2-aminophenol during the degradation of nitrobenzene by pseudomonas pseudoalcaligene ... | 2000 | 10877799 |
| phenotypic methods for determining genomovar status of the burkholderia cepacia complex. | recent taxonomic advances have demonstrated that burkholderia cepacia is a cluster of at least seven closely related genomic species (or genomovars) collectively referred to as the b. cepacia complex, all of which may cause infections among cystic fibrosis patients and other vulnerable individuals. thus, it is important for clinical microbiologists to be able to differentiate genomovars. prior to this study, 361 b. cepacia complex isolates and 51 isolates easily confused with b. cepacia complex ... | 2001 | 11230429 |
| diffuse lamellar keratitis related to endotoxins released from sterilizer reservoir biofilms. | to investigate the risk factors and control mechanisms used to control the outbreak of diffuse lamellar keratitis (dlk) associated with laser in situ keratomileusis (lasik) and examine the relationship between dlk and endotoxins released from sterilizer biofilm reservoirs. | 2000 | 10889090 |
| cometabolic degradation of dibenzofuran by biphenyl-cultivated ralstonia sp. strain sbug 290. | cells of the gram-negative bacterium ralstonia sp. strain sbug 290 grown in the presence of biphenyl are able to cooxidize dibenzofuran which has been 1,2-hydroxylated. meta cleavage of the 1, 2-dihydroxydibenzofuran between carbon atoms 1 and 9b produced 2-hydroxy-4-(3'-oxo-3'h-benzofuran-2'-yliden)but-2-enoic acid, which was degraded completely via salicylic acid. the presence of these intermediates indicates a degradation mechanism for dibenzofuran via lateral dioxygenation by ralstonia sp. s ... | 2000 | 11010910 |
| ralstonia pickettii colonization of patients in an obstetric ward caused by a contaminated irrigation system. | | 2000 | 11023730 |
| phospholipid compositional changes of five pseudomonad archetypes grown with and without toluene. | bacterial physiological responses to toluene exposure were investigated in five reference pseudomonad strains that express different toluene degradation pathways: pseudomonas putida mt-2, pseudomonas putida f1, burkholderia cepacia g4, burkholderia pickettii pko1, and pseudomonas mendocina kr1. the intact phospholipids of these archetypes, grown with and without toluene, were characterized using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry. all strains showed significant chang ... | 2000 | 11030576 |
| a bioluminescent whole-cell reporter for detection of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenol in soil. | a bioreporter was made containing a tfdrp(dii)-luxcdabe fusion in a modified mini-tn5 construct. when it was introduced into the chromosome of ralstonia eutropha jmp134, the resulting strain, jmp134-32, produced a sensitive bioluminescent response to 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) at concentrations of 2.0 microm to 5.0 mm. this response was linear (r(2) = 0.9825) in the range of 2.0 microm to 1.1 x 10(2) microm. saturation occurred at higher concentrations, with maximal bioluminescence ... | 2000 | 11010925 |
| sequencing bands of ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis fingerprints for characterization and microscale distribution of soil bacterium populations responding to mercury spiking. | two major emerging bands (a 350-bp band and a 650-bp band) within the risa (ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis) profile of a soil bacterial community spiked with hg(ii) were selected for further identification of the populations involved in the response of the community to the added metal. the bands were cut out from polyacrylamide gels, cloned, characterized by restriction analysis, and sequenced for phylogenetic affiliation of dominant clones. the sequences were the intergenic spacer between ... | 2000 | 11097911 |
| cloning of an intracellular poly[d(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate] depolymerase gene from ralstonia eutropha h16 and characterization of the gene product. | an intracellular poly[d(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (phb) depolymerase gene (phaz) has been cloned from ralstonia eutropha h16 by the shotgun method, sequenced, and characterized. nucleotide sequence analysis of a 2.3-kbp dna fragment revealed an open reading frame of 1,260 bp, encoding a protein of 419 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 47,316 da. the crude extract of escherichia coli containing the phb depolymerase gene digested artificial amorphous phb granules and released mainly oligo ... | 2001 | 11114905 |
| pseudomonas pickettii: a common soil and groundwater aerobic bacteria with pathogenic and biodegradation properties. | pseudomonas pickettii is an aerobic, nonfermentative, gram-negative rod-shaped, bacterium that has been isolated from soil, water, humans, and recently the bovine intestinal tract. it belongs to the rrna group ii of the genus pseudomonas and has three biovars: va-1, va-2, and biovar 3/thomasii. p. pickettii can cause pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis in humans. it frequently is associated with nosocomial infections that often are linked to contaminated injectable solutions. ... | 2000 | 11023687 |
| transcriptional organization and dynamic expression of the hbpcad genes, which encode the first three enzymes for 2-hydroxybiphenyl degradation in pseudomonas azelaica hbp1. | pseudomonas azelaica hbp1 degrades the toxic substance 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-hbp) by means of three enzymes that are encoded by structural genes hbpc, hbpa, and hbpd. these three genes form a small noncontiguous cluster. their expression is activated by the product of regulatory gene hbpr, which is located directly upstream of the hbpcad genes. the hbpr protein is a transcription activator and belongs to the so-called xylr/dmpr subclass within the ntrc family of transcriptional activators. transc ... | 2001 | 11114926 |
| phzo, a gene for biosynthesis of 2-hydroxylated phenazine compounds in pseudomonas aureofaciens 30-84. | certain strains of root-colonizing fluorescent pseudomonas spp. produce phenazines, a class of antifungal metabolites that can provide protection against various soilborne root pathogens. despite the fact that the phenazine biosynthetic locus is highly conserved among fluorescent pseudomonas spp., individual strains differ in the range of phenazine compounds they produce. this study focuses on the ability of pseudomonas aureofaciens 30-84 to produce 2-hydroxyphenazine-1-carboxylic acid (2-oh-pca ... | 2001 | 11114932 |
| detection and identification of bacterial endosymbionts in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the family gigasporaceae. | intracellular bacteria have been found previously in one isolate of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus gigaspora margarita beg 34. in this study, we extended our investigation to 11 fungal isolates obtained from different geographic areas and belonging to six different species of the family gigasporaceae. with the exception of gigaspora rosea, isolates of all of the am species harbored bacteria, and their dna could be pcr amplified with universal bacterial primers. primers specific for the e ... | 2000 | 11010905 |
| ralstonia paucula (formerly cdc group iv c-2): unsuccessful strain differentiation with pcr-based methods, study of the 16s-23s spacer of the rrna operon, and comparison with other ralstonia species (r. eutropha, r. pickettii, r. gilardii, and r. solanacearum). | ralstonia paucula (formerly cdc group iv c-2) can cause serious human infections. confronted in 1995 with five cases of nosocomial bacteremia, we found that pulsed-field gel electrophoresis could not distinguish between the isolates and that randomly amplified polymorphic dna analysis was poorly discriminatory. in this study, we used pcr-ribotyping and pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the spacer 16s-23s ribosomal dna (rdna); both methods were unable to differentiate r. pa ... | 2001 | 11136807 |
| role of the dmpr-mediated regulatory circuit in bacterial biodegradation properties in methylphenol-amended soils. | pathway substrates and some structural analogues directly activate the regulatory protein dmpr to promote transcription of the dmp operon genes encoding the (methyl)phenol degradative pathway of pseudomonas sp. strain cf600. while a wide range of phenols can activate dmpr, the location and nature of substituents on the basic phenolic ring can limit the level of activation and thus utilization of some compounds as assessed by growth on plates. here we address the role of the aromatic effector res ... | 2001 | 11133441 |
| phylogenetic and functional heterogeneity of sediment biofilms along environmental gradients in a glacial stream. | we used in situ hybridization with fluorescently labeled rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes concurrently with measurements of bacterial carbon production, biomass, and extracellular polymeric substances (eps) to describe the bacterial community in sediments along a glacial stream. the abundance of sediment-associated archaea, as detected with the arch915 probe, decreased downstream of the glacier snout, and a major storm increased their relative abundance by a factor of 5.5 to 7.9. bacteria of ... | 2001 | 11157246 |
| nickel-resistance-based minitransposons: new tools for genetic manipulation of environmental bacteria. | the ncc and nre nickel resistance determinants from ralstonia eutropha-like strain 31a were used to construct mini-tn5 transposons. broad host expression of nickel resistance was observed for the nre minitransposons in members of the alpha, beta, and gamma subclasses of the proteobacteria, while the ncc minitransposons expressed nickel resistance only in r. eutropha-like strains. | 2001 | 11157282 |
| isolation of an insertion sequence from ralstonia solanacearum race 1 and its potential use for strain characterization and detection. | a new insertion sequence (is), is1405, was isolated and characterized from a ralstonia solanacearum race 1 strain by the method of insertional inactivation of the sacb gene. sequence analysis indicated that the is is closely related to the members of is5 family, but the extent of nucleotide sequence identity in 5' and 3' noncoding regions between is1405 and other members of is5 family is only 23 to 31%. nucleotide sequences of these regions were used to design specific oligonucleotide primers fo ... | 2001 | 11525989 |
| investigation of an outbreak of ralstonia pickettii in a paediatric hospital by rapd. | in 1995, over a 5-day period, ralstonia pickettii was isolated from six separate blood cultures from six paediatric patients in four different units of the bordeaux paediatric hospital. the patients did not present fever or any other symptom of septicaemia. epidemiological investigation cast suspicion on distilled water and 0.05% aqueous solutions of chlorhexidine used for topical disinfection as the source of r. pickettii. the organism was isolated from three of the seven distilled water specim ... | 2000 | 10772834 |
| detection of ralstonia solanacearum strains with a quantitative, multiplex, real-time, fluorogenic pcr (taqman) assay. | a fluorogenic (taqman) pcr assay was developed to detect ralstonia solanacearum strains. two fluorogenic probes were utilized in a multiplex reaction; one broad-range probe (rs) detected all biovars of r. solanacearum, and a second more specific probe (b2) detected only biovar 2a. amplification of the target was measured by the 5' nuclease activity of taq dna polymerase on each probe, resulting in emission of fluorescence. taqman pcr was performed with dna extracted from 42 r. solanacearum and g ... | 2000 | 10877778 |
| the black cat/white cat principle of signal integration in bacterial promoters. | | 2001 | 11226149 |
| one case each of recurrent meningitis and hemoperitoneum infection with ralstonia mannitolilytica. | two clinical cases of infection with ralstonia mannitolilytica are described: a recurrent meningitis on an implanted intraventricular catheter and an infected hemoperitoneum as a complication of a cholangiocarcinoma. the strains were first misidentified as pseudomonas fluorescens and burkholderia cepacia. further testing lead to the identification as ralstonia pickettii biovar 3/"thomasii," which was recently shown to represent a separate species, r. mannitolilytica (list editor n. weiss, int. j ... | 2001 | 11724893 |
| cloning and characterization of the pnb genes, encoding enzymes for 4-nitrobenzoate catabolism in pseudomonas putida tw3. | pseudomonas putida strain tw3 is able to metabolize 4-nitrotoluene via 4-nitrobenzoate (4nben) and 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (protocatechuate [pca]) to central metabolites. we have cloned, sequenced, and characterized a 6-kbp fragment of tw3 dna which contains five genes, two of which encode the enzymes involved in the catabolism of 4nben to pca. in order, they encode a 4nben reductase (pnba) which is responsible for catalyzing the direct reduction of 4nben to 4-hydroxylaminobenzoate with the o ... | 2001 | 11157934 |
| melamine deaminase and atrazine chlorohydrolase: 98 percent identical but functionally different. | the gene encoding melamine deaminase (tria) from pseudomonas sp. strain nrrl b-12227 was identified, cloned into escherichia coli, sequenced, and expressed for in vitro study of enzyme activity. melamine deaminase displaced two of the three amino groups from melamine, producing ammeline and ammelide as sequential products. the first deamination reaction occurred more than 10 times faster than the second. ammelide did not inhibit the first or second deamination reaction, suggesting that the lower ... | 2001 | 11274097 |
| map of the incp1beta plasmid ptsa encoding the widespread genes (tsa) for p-toluenesulfonate degradation in comamonas testosteroni t-2. | the catabolic incp1beta plasmid ptsa from comamonas testosteroni t-2 was mapped by subtractive analysis of restriction digests, by sequencing outwards from the tsa operon (toluenesulfonate degradation), and by generating overlapping, long-distance-pcr amplification products. the plasmid was estimated to comprise 72 +/- 4 kb. the tsa region was found to be a composite transposon flanked by two is1071 elements. a cryptic tsa operon was also present in the tsa transposon. those backbone genes and r ... | 2001 | 11282598 |
| solution structure of the toluene 4-monooxygenase effector protein (t4mod). | toluene 4-monooxygenase (t4mo) from pseudomonas mendocina catalyzes the nadh- and o(2)-dependent hydroxylation of toluene to form p-cresol. the complex consists of an nadh oxidoreductase (t4mof), a rieske ferredoxin (t4moc), a diiron hydroxylase [t4moh, with (alphabetagamma)(2) quaternary structure], and a catalytic effector protein (t4mod). the solution structure of the 102-amino acid t4mod effector protein has been determined from 2d and 3d (1)h, (13)c, and (15)n nmr spectroscopic data. the st ... | 2001 | 11297417 |
| genetic and functional analysis of the tbc operons for catabolism of alkyl- and chloroaromatic compounds in burkholderia sp. strain js150. | burkholderia sp. strain js150 is able to metabolize a wide range of alkyl-and chloroaromatic hydrocarbons through multiple, apparently redundant catabolic pathways. previous research has shown that strain js150 is able to synthesize enzymes for multiple upper pathways as well as multiple lower pathways to accommodate variously substituted catechols that result from degradation of complex mixtures of monoaromatic compounds. we report here the genetic organization and functional characterization o ... | 2001 | 11571188 |
| epidemiology of burkholderia cepacia complex in patients with cystic fibrosis, canada. | the burkholderia cepacia complex is an important group of pathogens in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). although evidence for patient-to-patient spread is clear, microbial factors facilitating transmission are poorly understood. to identify microbial clones with enhanced transmissibility, we evaluated b. cepacia complex isolates from patients with cf from throughout canada. a total of 905 isolates from the b. cepacia complex were recovered from 447 patients in 8 of the 10 provinces; 369 (83%) ... | 2002 | 11897071 |
| taxonomy and identification of the burkholderia cepacia complex. | | 2001 | 11574551 |
| assignment of cdc weak oxidizer group 2 (wo-2) to the genus pandoraea and characterization of three new pandoraea genomospecies. | cdc weak oxidizer group 2 (wo-2) consists of nine phenotypically similar human clinical isolates received by the centers for disease control and prevention between 1989 and 1998. four of the isolates were from blood, three were from sputum, and one each was from bronchial fluid and maxillary sinus. all are aerobic nonfermentative, motile gram-negative rods with one to eight polar flagella per cell. all grew at 25 and 35 degrees c and were positive for catalase, urease (usually delayed 3 to 7 day ... | 2001 | 11325997 |
| comparative evaluation of the bd phoenix and vitek 2 automated instruments for identification of isolates of the burkholderia cepacia complex. | we evaluated two new automated identification systems, the bd phoenix (becton dickinson) and the vitek 2 (biomérieux), for identification of isolates of the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc). the test sample included 42 isolates of the highly virulent and epidemic genomovar iii, 45 isolates of b. multivorans, and 47 isolates of other members of the bcc. rates of correct identification by the bd phoenix and vitek 2 were similar when all bcc isolates were considered (50 and 53%, respectively) but ... | 2002 | 11980954 |
| characterization of unusual bacteria isolated from respiratory secretions of cystic fibrosis patients and description of inquilinus limosus gen. nov., sp. nov. | using a polyphasic approach (including cellular protein and fatty acid analysis, biochemical characterization, 16s ribosomal dna sequencing, and dna-dna hybridizations), we characterized 51 bacterial isolates recovered from respiratory secretions of cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. our analyses showed that 24 isolates belong to taxa that have so far not (or only rarely) been reported from cf patients. these taxa include acinetobacter sp., bordetella hinzii, burkholderia fungorum, comamonas testost ... | 2002 | 12037065 |
| [avoidable "fever of unknown origin" due to ralstonia pickettii bacteremia]. | ralstonia pickettii bacteraemia from the atrial part of a ventriculo-atrial shunt was diagnosed as the cause of recurring febrile episodes with systemic toxicity in a 38-year old female. a prior neurosurgical resection of intracerebral cavernoma was complicated by postoperative recurrent meningitis with this non-fermenting gram-negative rod, due to an intra-operative contamination of a in situ shunt, from which only the intracerebral part of the ventriculo-atriostomy had been removed, following ... | 2001 | 11307484 |
| directed evolution of toluene ortho-monooxygenase for enhanced 1-naphthol synthesis and chlorinated ethene degradation. | trichloroethylene (tce) is the most frequently detected groundwater contaminant, and 1-naphthol is an important chemical manufacturing intermediate. directed evolution was used to increase the activity of toluene ortho-monooxygenase (tom) of burkholderia cepacia g4 for both chlorinated ethenes and naphthalene oxidation. when expressed in escherichia coli, the variant tom-green degraded tce (2.5 +/- 0.3 versus 1.39 +/- 0.05 nmol/min/mg of protein), 1,1-dichloroethylene, and trans-dichloroethylene ... | 2002 | 11751810 |
| purification and catalytic properties of the chlorophenol 4-monooxygenase from burkholderia cepacia strain ac1100. | burkholderia cepacia strain ac1100 can be induced for the degradation of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (2,4,5-tcp). we have purified the active enzyme 30-fold to apparent homogeneity with a 44% yield by a two-step chromatographic procedure, and showed that it consists of a single type of subunit of 59 kda based on sds-page using coomassie blue and sypro staining. this enzyme has no bound prosthetic group but requires exogenous addition of fad and nadh to perform the dioxygen-dependent hydroxylation in t ... | 2001 | 11410285 |
| phcs represses gratuitous expression of phenol-metabolizing enzymes in comamonas testosteroni r5. | we identified an open reading frame, designated phcs, downstream of the transcriptional activator gene (phcr) for the expression of multicomponent phenol hydroxylase (mph) in comamonas testosteroni r5. the deduced product of phcs was homologous to aphs of c. testosteroni ta441, which belongs to the gntr family of transcriptional regulators. the transformation of pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1c (phenol negative, catechol positive) with pror502 containing phcr and the mph genes conferred the ability ... | 2001 | 11418563 |
| classification of ralstonia pickettii biovar 3/'thomasii' strains (pickett 1994) and of new isolates related to nosocomial recurrent meningitis as ralstonia mannitolytica sp. nov. | strains isolated independently from two patients could be recognized as ralstonia pickettii biovar 3/'thomasii'. the 16s rdna sequences of these strains and two other strains of r. pickettii biovar 3/'thomasii' clustered at less than 98% similarity versus all other described ralstonia species and at less than 97 % versus the two other r. pickettii biovars. the separate species status of r. pickettii biovar 3/'thomasii' was confirmed by dna-dna hybridization, indicating less than 60% dna homology ... | 2001 | 11321101 |
| plasmid and chromosomal basis of tolerance to cadmium and resistance to antibiotics in normal bovine duodenal bacterial flora. | cadmium (cd) tolerance and antibiotic resistance was studied in duodenal flora of 20 normal bovine samples. twelve bacterial isolates (5 staphylococcus spp, 4 enterococcus faecalis, 2 bacillus spp, and a pseudomonas sp) were grown in luria broth containing 0.05 to 0.8 mm of cadmium chloride (cdcl). all isolates displayed multiple antibiotic resistance, with 2 enterococcus strains and pseudomonas pickettii demonstrating resistance to 12/17 antibiotics tested. with the exception of staphylococcus ... | 2001 | 11383651 |
| evaluation of vitek 2 rapid identification and susceptibility testing system against gram-negative clinical isolates. | a total of 281 strains of miscellaneous members of the family enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and other gram-negative bacteria were evaluated by use of identification tests with the vitek 2 system (biomérieux) and an api identification system (biomérieux). a total of 237 (95%) strains were correctly identified to the species level. only six (2.1%) strains were misidentified, and eight (2.8%) strains were not identified. among 14 strains with discrepant identifications, 8 (57.1%) stra ... | 2001 | 11474023 |
| identification of strains of alcaligenes and agrobacterium by a polyphasic approach. | the number of stable discriminant biochemical characters is limited in the genera alcaligenes and agrobacterium, whose species are consequently difficult to distinguish from one another by conventional tests. moreover, genomic studies have recently drastically modified the nomenclature of these genera; for example, alcaligenes xylosoxidans was transferred to the genus achromobacter in 1998. twenty-five strains of achromobacter xylosoxidans, three strains of an agrobacterium sp., five strains of ... | 2001 | 11526136 |
| infection of acanthamoeba polyphaga with simkania negevensis and s. negevensis survival within amoebal cysts. | simkania negevensis, a novel microorganism belonging to the family simkaniaceae in the order chlamydiales, has an intracellular developmental cycle during which two morphological entities, elementary bodies (eb) and reticulate bodies (rb), are seen by electron microscopy. rates of seropositivity to the organism are high in certain population groups, and s. negevensis has been associated with respiratory illness in humans. this study reports for the first time the ability of s. negevensis to surv ... | 2001 | 11571186 |