Publications

characterization of tn5 mutants deficient in dissimilatory nitrite reduction in pseudomonas sp. strain g-179, which contains a copper nitrite reductase.	tn5 was used to generate mutants that were deficient in the dissimilatory reduction of nitrite for pseudomonas sp. strain g-179, which contains a copper nitrite reductase. three types of mutants were isolated. the first type showed a lack of growth on nitrate, nitrite, and nitrous oxide. the second type grew on nitrate and nitrous oxide but not on nitrite (nir-). the two mutants of this type accumulated nitrite, showed no nitrite reductase activity, and had no detectable nitrite reductase protei ...	1992	1328160
identification and sequencing of a gene encoding a hydantoin racemase from the native plasmid of pseudomonas sp. strain ns671.	dna fragments containing the genes involved in the conversion of 5-substituted hydantoins to their corresponding l-amino acids have been cloned from the 172-kb native plasmid (phn671) of pseudomonas sp. strain ns671. the largest recombinant plasmid, designated phpb14, encoded the ability to convert d-5-substituted hydantoins to the corresponding l-amino acids, whereas the smallest one, designated phpb12, encoded the ability to convert them to their corresponding n-carbamyl-d-amino acids. restric ...	1992	1339422
expression and transfer of engineered catabolic pathways harbored by pseudomonas spp. introduced into activated sludge microcosms.	two genetically engineered microorganisms (gems), pseudomonas sp. strain b13 fr1(pfrc20p) (fr120) and pseudomonas putida kt2440(pwwo-eb62) (eb62), were introduced into activated sludge microcosms that had the level of aeration, nutrient makeup, and microbial community structure of activated sludge reactors. fr120 contains an experimentally assembled ortho cleavage route for simultaneous degradation of 3-chlorobenzoate (3cb) and 4-methyl benzoate (4mb); eb62 contains a derivative tol plasmid-enco ...	1992	1444370
characterization of a novel pseudomonas sp. that mineralizes high concentrations of pentachlorophenol.	a pentachlorophenol (pcp)-mineralizing bacterium was isolated from polluted soil and identified as pseudomonas sp. strain ra2. in batch cultures, pseudomonas sp. strain ra2 used pcp as its sole source of carbon and energy and was capable of completely degrading this compound as indicated by radiotracer studies, stoichiometric release of chloride, and biomass formation. pseudomonas sp. strain ra2 was able to mineralize a higher concentration of pcp (160 mg liter-1) than any previously reported pc ...	1992	1444401
metabolism of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride in pseudomonas strain b1.	a bacterium (strain b1) utilizing hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride as a carbon and energy source was isolated from activated sludge and tentatively identified as a pseudomonas sp. this bacterium only grew on alkyltrimethylammonium salts (c12 to c22) and possible intermediates of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride breakdown such as hexadecanoate and acetate. pseudomonas strain b1 did not grow on amines. simultaneous adaptation studies suggested that the bacterium oxidized only the alkyl chain ...	1992	1444422
purification and characterization of the hydantoin racemase of pseudomonas sp. strain ns671 expressed in escherichia coli.	the hydantoin racemase gene of pseudomonas sp. strain ns671 had been cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. hydantoin racemase was purified from the cell extract of the e. coli strain by phenyl-sepharose, deae-sephacel, and sephadex g-200 chromatographies. the purified enzyme had an apparent molecular mass of 32 kda as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. by gel filtration, a molecular mass of about 190 kda was found, suggesting that the native enzyme is a ...	1992	1459947
exploitation of gene(s) involved in 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol biosynthesis to confer a new biocontrol capability to a pseudomonas strain.	tn5 mutagenesis and complementation analysis were used to clone a 6-kb genomic fragment required for biosynthesis of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (phl) from fluorescent pseudomonas sp. strain f113. a recombinant plasmid, pcu203, containing this region partially complemented a phl production-negative mutant (f113g22) derived from strain f113. when sugar beet seeds were sown into an unsterilized soil, in which sugar beet was subject to damping-off by pythium ultimum, the emergence of sugar beet seed ...	1992	1476431
cloning and sequence analysis of genes for dehalogenation of 4-chlorobenzoate from arthrobacter sp. strain su.	strains of arthrobacter catalyze a hydrolytic dehalogenation of 4-chlorobenzoate (4-cba) to p-hydroxybenzoate. the reaction requires atp and coenzyme a (coa), indicating activation of the substrate via a thioester, like that reported for pseudomonas sp. strain cbs3 (j. d. scholten, k.-h. chang, p. c. babbit, h. charest, m. sylvestre, and d. dunaway-mariano, science 253:182-185, 1991). the dehalogenase genes of arthrobacter sp. strain su were cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. analyses of ...	1992	1476446
oxidation of nitrotoluenes by toluene dioxygenase: evidence for a monooxygenase reaction.	pseudomonas putida f1 and pseudomonas sp. strain js150 initiate toluene degradation by incorporating molecular oxygen into the aromatic nucleus to form cis-1,2-dihydroxy-3-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene. when toluene-grown cells were incubated with 2- and 3-nitrotoluene, the major products identified were 2- and 3-nitrobenzyl alcohol, respectively. the same cells oxidized 4-nitrotoluene to 2-methyl-5-nitrophenol and 3-methyl-6-nitrocatechol. escherichia coli jm109(pdtg601), which contains the toluene ...	1992	1514810
structural and biochemical characterization of the escherichia coli arge gene product.	the dna sequence of a 2,100-bp region containing the arge gene from escherichia coli has been determined. the nucleotide sequence of the ppc-arge intergenic region was also solved and shown to contain six tandemly repeated rep sequences. moreover, the oxyr gene has been mapped on the e. coli chromosome and shown to flank the arg operon. the codon responsible for the translation start of arge was determined by using site-directed mutants. this gene spans 1,400 bp and encodes a 42,350-da polypepti ...	1992	1551850
bacterial metabolism of 5-aminosalicylic acid. initial ring cleavage.	the metabolism of 5-aminosalicylate (5as) by a bacterial strain, pseudomonas sp. bn9, was studied. intact cells of pseudomonas sp. bn9 grown with 5as oxidized 5as and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate (gentisate), whereas cells grown with gentisate oxidized only the growth substrate of all substituted salicylates tested. cell extracts from pseudomonas sp. bn9 catalysed the stoichiometric reaction of 1 mol of oxygen with 1 mol of 5as to a metabolite with an intense u.v.-absorption maximum at 352 nm (ph 8.0). ...	1992	1554350
cloning and partial sequencing of an operon encoding two pseudomonas putida haloalkanoate dehalogenases of opposite stereospecificity.	we have cloned fragments of dna (up to 13 kb), from pseudomonas putida aj1, that code for two stereospecific haloalkanoate dehalogenases. these enzymes are highly specific for d and l substrates. the two genes, designated hadd and hadl, have been isolated and independently expressed in escherichia coli and p. putida hosts by using broad-host-range vectors. they are closely adjacent and inducible in what appears to be an operon with an upstream open reading frame of unknown function. nucleotide s ...	1992	1556080
anaerobic degradation of 2-aminobenzoic acid (anthranilic acid) via benzoyl-coenzyme a (coa) and cyclohex-1-enecarboxyl-coa in a denitrifying bacterium.	the enzymes catalyzing the initial reactions in the anaerobic degradation of 2-aminobenzoic acid (anthranilic acid) were studied with a denitrifying pseudomonas sp. anaerobically grown with 2-aminobenzoate and nitrate as the sole carbon and energy sources. cells grown on 2-aminobenzoate are simultaneously adapted to growth with benzoate, whereas cells grown on benzoate degrade 2-aminobenzoate several times less efficiently than benzoate. evidence for a new reductive pathway of aromatic metabolis ...	1992	1592816
evaluation of aquatic sediment microcosms and their use in assessing possible effects of introduced microorganisms on ecosystem parameters.	in this paper we describe a sediment microcosm system consisting of 20 undisturbed, layered sediment cores with overlying site water which are incubated under identical conditions of temperature, light, stirring rate of overlying water, and water exchange rate. ecosystem parameters (nutrient level, photosynthetic potential, community structure of heterotrophic bacteria, thymidine incorporation rate, and oxygen microgradients) of the laboratory microcosms and the source ecosystem were compared an ...	1992	1599244
survival and function of a genetically engineered pseudomonad in aquatic sediment microcosms.	pseudomonas sp. strain b13 fr1(pfrc20p) is a genetically engineered microorganism (gem) which is able to degrade chloro- and methylaromatics through a constructed ortho cleavage pathway. the fate of the gem and its ability to degrade substituted aromatic compounds in two different aquatic sediments was investigated by using a microcosm system which consisted of intact layered sediment cores with an overlying water column. the gem survived in lake plussee and in rhine river sediments at densities ...	1992	1599245
construction of a 3-chlorobiphenyl-utilizing recombinant from an intergeneric mating.	recombinant pseudomonas sp. strain cb15, which grows on 3-chlorobiphenyl (3cb), was constructed from pseudomonas sp. strain hf1, which grows on 3-chlorobenzoate, and from acinetobacter sp. strain p6, which grows on biphenyl, by using a continuous amalgamated culture apparatus. dna from strains cb15 and hf1 hybridized very strongly to each other, while hybridization between both parental strains, hf1 and p6, was negligible. however, dna from the recombinant cb15 hybridized moderately to strongly ...	1992	1610186
biosorption of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and hexachlorobenzene in groundwater and its implications for facilitated transport.	the potential for enhanced mobility of hydrophobic pollutants by cotransport with bacteria in saturated soils was evaluated from measurements of biosorption of 14c-labeled hexachlorobenzene and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt) to five strains of soil and sewage bacteria. the sorption process could be described by a linear partition equation and appeared to be reversible, but desorption kinetics were slow and/or partly irreversible. the ddt partition coefficients varied with equilibration ti ...	1992	1637158
biodegradation of mixtures of substituted benzenes by pseudomonas sp. strain js150.	pseudomonas sp. strain js150 was isolated as a nonencapsulated variant of pseudomonas sp. strain js1 that contains the genes for the degradative pathways of a wide range of substituted aromatic compounds. pseudomonas sp. strain js150 grew on phenol, ethylbenzene, toluene, benzene, naphthalene, benzoate, p-hydroxybenzoate, salicylate, chlorobenzene, and several 1,4-dihalogenated benzenes. we designed experiments to determine the conditions required for induction of the individual pathways and to ...	1992	1637161
lupanine hydroxylase, a quinocytochrome c from an alkaloid-degrading pseudomonas sp.	lupanine 17-hydroxylase, the first enzyme in the pathway for bacterial degradation of the alkaloid, lupanine, was purified from a pseudomonas sp. the enzyme acts by initial dehydrogenation of the substrate, and cytochrome c was used as electron acceptor in assays. it had an mr of 66,000 by ultracentrifuge studies and 74,000 by gel filtration. the visible absorption spectrum was that of a cytochrome c, and a stoicheiometry of one haem group per molecule of enzyme was calculated. sds/page gave a s ...	1991	1656935
identification of a novel composite transposable element, tn5280, carrying chlorobenzene dioxygenase genes of pseudomonas sp. strain p51.	analysis of one of the regions of catabolic plasmid pp51 which encode chlorobenzene metabolism of pseudomonas sp. strain p51 revealed that the tcba and tcbb genes for chlorobenzene dioxygenase and dehydrogenase are located on a transposable element, tn5280. tn5280 showed the features of a composite bacterial transposon with iso-insertion elements (is1066 and is1067) at each end of the transposon oriented in an inverted position. when a 12-kb hindiii fragment of pp51 containing tn5280 was cloned ...	1991	1657878
effect of sodium chloride on transport of bacteria in a saturated aquifer material.	determinations were made of the influence of nacl concentration, cell density, and flow velocity on the transport of pseudomonas sp. strain kl2 through columns of aquifer sand under saturated conditions. a pulse-type boundary condition was used. the experiments were conducted by using 0.3-m-long plexiglas columns with an internal diameter of 0.05 m. when a 1-h pulse of a 0.01 m nacl solution containing 10(8) cells per ml was added at a flow rate of 10(-4) m s-1, the bacterial density in the effl ...	1991	1662934
nucleotide sequence and functional analysis of the complete phenol/3,4-dimethylphenol catabolic pathway of pseudomonas sp. strain cf600.	the meta-cleavage pathway for catechol is one of the major routes for the microbial degradation of aromatic compounds. pseudomonas sp. strain cf600 grows efficiently on phenol, cresols, and 3,4-dimethylphenol via a plasmid-encoded multicomponent phenol hydroxylase and a subsequent meta-cleavage pathway. the genes for the entire pathway were previously found to be clustered, and the nucleotide sequences of dmpklmnopbc and d, which encode the first four biochemical steps of the pathway, were deter ...	1992	1732207
cloning and sequencing of the genes involved in the conversion of 5-substituted hydantoins to the corresponding l-amino acids from the native plasmid of pseudomonas sp. strain ns671.	pseudomonas sp. strain ns671, which produces l-amino acids asymmetrically from the corresponding racemic 5-substituted hydantoins, harbored a plasmid of 172 kb. curing experiments suggest that this plasmid, designated phn671, is responsible for the conversion of 5-substituted hydantoins to their corresponding l-amino acids by strain ns671. dna fragments containing the genes involved in this conversion were cloned from phn671 in escherichia coli by using puc18 as a cloning vector. the smallest re ...	1992	1732229
substrate interactions of benzene, toluene, and para-xylene during microbial degradation by pure cultures and mixed culture aquifer slurries.	benzene, toluene, and p-xylene (btx) were degraded by indigenous mixed cultures in sandy aquifer material and by two pure cultures isolated from the same site. although btx compounds have a similar chemical structure, the fate of individual btx compounds differed when the compounds were fed to each pure culture and mixed culture aquifer slurries. the identification of substrate interactions aided the understanding of this behavior. beneficial substrate interactions included enhanced degradation ...	1991	1746958
production of the siderophore aerobactin by a halophilic pseudomonad.	a bacterial strain, isolated from a cyanobacterial culture, was identified as pseudomonas sp. strain x40. under iron-limiting conditions, the pseudomonas sp. produced aerobactin, a dihydroxamate siderophore previously found only in the family enterobacteriaceae. aerobactin was identified by electrophoretic mobility, spectrophotometric titration, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, acid hydrolysis, and biological activity. aerobactin was used as a siderophore in the ...	1991	1768095
production and characterization of n-acyl-d-glutamate amidohydrolase from pseudomonas sp. strain 5f-1.	n-acyl-d-glutamate amidohydrolase from pseudomonas sp. strain 5f-1 was inducibly produced by d isomers of n-acetylglutamate, glutamate, aspartate, and asparagine. the enzyme has been purified to homogeneity by deae-cellulose, (nh4)2so4 fractionation, and chromatofocusing followed by gel filtration on a sephadex g-100 column. the enzyme was a monomer with molecular weight of 55,000. the enzyme activity was optimal at ph 6.5 to 7.5 and 45 degrees c. the isoelectric point and the ph stability were ...	1991	1768127
biotransformation of nitrobenzene by bacteria containing toluene degradative pathways.	nonpolar nitroaromatic compounds have been considered resistant to attack by oxygenases because of the electron withdrawing properties of the nitro group. we have investigated the ability of seven bacterial strains containing toluene degradative pathways to oxidize nitrobenzene. cultures were induced with toluene vapor prior to incubation with nitrobenzene, and products were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. pseudomonas cepacia g4 and ...	1991	1781679
biodegradation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene by a pseudomonas sp.	previous studies of the biodegradation of nonpolar nitroaromatic compounds have suggested that microorganisms can reduce the nitro groups but cannot cleave the aromatic ring. we report here the initial steps in a pathway for complete biodegradation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (dnt) by a pseudomonas sp. isolated from a four-member consortium enriched with dnt. the pseudomonas sp. degraded dnt as the sole source of carbon and energy under aerobic conditions with stoichiometric release of nitrite. during ...	1991	1781682
purification and characterization of the n-methylcarbamate hydrolase from pseudomonas strain crl-ok.	a unique cytosolic enzyme that hydrolyzes the carbamate linkage of the insecticide carbaryl (1-naphthyl n-methylcarbamate) was purified from extracts of pseudomonas sp. strain crl-ok. substrates of the hydrolase include the n-methylcarbamate pesticides carbofuran and aldicarb but not the phenylcarbamate isopropyl m-chlorocarbanilate, the thiocarbamate s-ethyl n,n-dipropylthiocarbamate, or the dimethylcarbamate o-nitrophenyldimethylcarbamate.	1991	1785941
cloning and analysis of s-triazine catabolic genes from pseudomonas sp. strain nrrlb-12227.	pseudomonas sp. strain nrrlb-12227 degrades the s-triazine melamine by a six-step pathway which allows it to use melamine and pathway intermediates as nitrogen sources. with the plasmid plg221, mutants defective in five of the six steps of the pathway were generated. tn5-containing-ecori fragments from these mutants were cloned and identified by selection for tn5-encoded kanamycin resistance in transformants. a restriction fragment from ammelide-negative mutant re411 was used as a probe in colon ...	1991	1846859
extracellular lipase of pseudomonas sp. strain atcc 21808: purification, characterization, crystallization, and preliminary x-ray diffraction data.	a procedure for the purification of a very hydrophobic lipase from pseudomonas sp. strain atcc 21808 was elaborated by avoiding the use of long-chain detergents in view of subsequent crystallization of the enzyme. the purification procedure included chromatography on q-sepharose in the presence of n-octyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside, ca2+ precipitation of fatty acids, and octyl-sepharose chromatography. the enzyme was purified 260-fold to a yield of 35% and a specific activity of 3,300 u/mg. the mole ...	1991	1856176
isolation, sequence, and expression in escherichia coli of the pseudomonas sp. strain acp gene encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase.	pseudomonas sp. strain acp is capable of growth on 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) as a nitrogen source owing to induction of the enzyme acc deaminase and the subsequent conversion of acc to alpha-ketobutyrate and ammonia (m. honma, agric. biol. chem. 49:567-571, 1985). the complete amino acid sequence of purified acc deaminase was determined, and the sequence information was used to clone the acc deaminase gene from a 6-kb ecori fragment of pseudomonas sp. strain acp dna. dna sequence a ...	1991	1885510
purification and characterization of benzoate-coenzyme a ligase and 2-aminobenzoate-coenzyme a ligases from a denitrifying pseudomonas sp.	the enzymes catalyzing the formation of coenzyme a (coa) thioesters of benzoate and 2-aminobenzoate were studied in a denitrifying pseudomonas sp. anaerobically grown with these aromatic acids and nitrate as sole carbon and energy sources. three different rather specific aromatic acyl-coa ligases, e1, e2, and e3, were found which catalyze the formation of coa thioesters of benzoate, fluorobenzoates, and 2-aminobenzoate. atp is cleaved into amp and pyrophosphate. the enzymes were purified, their ...	1991	1885526
hydrolysis of carbaryl by a pseudomonas sp. and construction of a microbial consortium that completely metabolizes carbaryl.	two pseudomonas spp. (isolates 50552 and 50581) isolated from soil degraded 1-naphthol and carbaryl, an n-methylcarbamate pesticide, respectively. they utilized these compounds as a sole source of carbon. 1-naphthol was completely metabolized to co2 by the isolate 50552, while the carbaryl was first hydrolyzed to 1-naphthol and then converted into a brown-colored compound by the isolate 50581. the colored metabolite was not degraded, but 1-naphthol produced by the isolate 50581 during the expone ...	1991	1903914
cloning and characterization of plasmid-encoded genes for the degradation of 1,2-dichloro-, 1,4-dichloro-, and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene of pseudomonas sp. strain p51.	pseudomonas sp. strain p51 is able to use 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene as sole carbon and energy sources. two gene clusters involved in the degradation of these compounds were identified on a catabolic plasmid, pp51, with a size of 110 kb by using hybridization. they were further characterized by cloning in escherichia coli, pseudomonas putida kt2442, and alcaligenes eutrophus jmp222. expression studies in these organisms showed that the upper-pathway gene ...	1991	1987135
cloning and comparison of the dna encoding ammelide aminohydrolase and cyanuric acid amidohydrolase from three s-triazine-degrading bacterial strains.	dna encoding the catabolism of the s-triazines ammelide and cyanuric acid was cloned from pseudomonas sp. strain nrrlb-12228 and klebsiella pneumoniae 99 with, as a probe, a 4.6-kb psti fragment from a third strain, pseudomonas sp. strain nrrlb-12227, which also encodes these activities. in strains nrrlb-12228 and 99 the ammelide aminohydrolase (trzc) and cyanuric acid amidohydrolase (trzd) genes are located on identical 4.6-kb psti fragments which are part of a 12.4-kb dna segment present in bo ...	1991	1991731
complete nucleotide sequences and comparison of the structural genes of two 2-haloalkanoic acid dehalogenases from pseudomonas sp. strain cbs3.	the nucleotide sequences of two dna segments from pseudomonas sp. strain cbs3 that code for two different haloalkanoic acid halidohydrolases were determined. two open reading frames with coding capacities of 227 amino acids (corresponding to a molecular mass of 25,401 da) and 229 amino acids (corresponding to a molecular mass of 25,683 da) were identified as structural genes of 2-haloalkanoic acid dehalogenases i (dehci) and ii (dehcii) by comparison with the n-terminal amino acid sequences of t ...	1991	1995594
solution behaviour of chromobacter viscosum and pseudomonas sp. lipases. no evidence of self-association.	1. the size of two bacterial lipases was studied by sds/page, sedimentation velocity and sedimentation equilibrium to test for possible self-association behaviour. 2. mr values of selected lipases were obtained from sds/page and sedimentation-velocity measurements, together with an absolute determination by sedimentation equilibrium 3. the mr values obtained in a variety of aqueous solvents indicate that lipases do not self-associate in solution, suggesting the absence of surface hydrophobic pat ...	1991	1996958
measurement of urinary lipopolysaccharide antibodies by elisa as a screen for urinary tract infection.	five hundred and twenty two clinical urine specimens submitted for routine microbiological examination were tested in parallel by conventional microscopy and culture and for lipopolysaccharide antibodies by an enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (elisa) to assess the elisa as a screen for urinary tract infection. when the elisa alone was compared with routine methods the specificity sensitivity, and predictive value of positive and negative tests was 73.2%, 75.7%, 51.1% and 38.5%. for elisa with ...	1991	1997536
sequence analysis of the pseudomonas sp. strain p51 tcb gene cluster, which encodes metabolism of chlorinated catechols: evidence for specialization of catechol 1,2-dioxygenases for chlorinated substrates.	pseudomonas sp. strain p51 contains two gene clusters located on catabolic plasmid pp51 that encode the degradation of chlorinated benzenes. the nucleotide sequence of a 5,499-bp region containing the chlorocatechol-oxidative gene cluster tcbcdef was determined. the sequence contained five large open reading frames, which were all colinear. the functionality of these open reading frames was studied with various escherichia coli expression systems and by analysis of enzyme activities. the first g ...	1991	2013566
simultaneous biodegradation of chlorobenzene and toluene by a pseudomonas strain.	pseudomonas sp. strain js6 grows on a wide range of chloro- and methylaromatic substrates. the simultaneous degradation of these compounds is prevented in most previously studied isolates because the catabolic pathways are incompatible. the purpose of this study was to determine whether strain js6 could degrade mixtures of chloro- and methyl-substituted aromatic compounds. strain js6 was maintained in a chemostat on a minimal medium with toluene or chlorobenzene as the sole carbon source, suppli ...	1991	2036002
resolution of 4-chlorobenzoate dehalogenase from pseudomonas sp. strain cbs3 into three components.	extracts of pseudomonas sp. strain cbs3 grown with 4-chlorobenzoate as sole carbon source contained an enzyme that converted 4-chlorobenzoate to 4-hydroxybenzoate. this enzyme was shown to consist of three components, all necessary for the reaction. component i, which had a molecular weight of about 3,000, was highly unstable. components ii and iii were stable proteins with molecular weights of about 86,000 and 92,000.	1991	2036019
characterization of the pseudomonas sp. strain p51 gene tcbr, a lysr-type transcriptional activator of the tcbcdef chlorocatechol oxidative operon, and analysis of the regulatory region.	plasmid pp51 of pseudomonas sp. strain p51 contains two gene clusters encoding the degradation of chlorinated benzenes, tcbab and tcbcdef. a regulatory gene, tcbr, was located upstream and divergently transcribed from the chlorocatechol oxidative gene cluster tcbcdef. the tcbr gene was characterized by dna sequencing and expression studies with escherichia coli and pet8c and appeared to encode a 32-kda protein. the activity of the tcbr gene product was analyzed in pseudomonas putida kt2442, in w ...	1991	2050630
microbial degradation of quinoline and methylquinolines.	several bacterial cultures were isolated that are able to degrade quinoline and to transform or to degrade methylquinolines. the degradation of quinoline by strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa qp and p. putida qp produced hydroxyquinolines, a transient pink compound, and other undetermined products. the quinoline-degrading strains of p. aeruginosa qp and p. putida qp hydroxylated a limited number of methylquinolines but could not degrade them, nor could they transform 2-methylquinoline, isoquinoli ...	1990	2106283
formation of polyesters consisting of medium-chain-length 3-hydroxyalkanoic acids from gluconate by pseudomonas aeruginosa and other fluorescent pseudomonads.	pseudomonas aeruginosa pao and 15 other strains of this species synthesized a polyester with 3-hydroxydecanoate as the main constituent (55 to 76 mol%) if the cells were cultivated in the presence of gluconate and if the nitrogen source was exhausted; 3-hydroxyhexanoate, 3-hydroxyoctanoate, and 3-hydroxydodecanoate were minor constituents of the polymer. the polymer was deposited in granules within the cell and amounted to 70% of the cell dry matter in some strains. among 55 different strains of ...	1990	2125185
identification of an additional ferric-siderophore uptake gene clustered with receptor, biosynthesis, and fur-like regulatory genes in fluorescent pseudomonas sp. strain m114.	five cosmid clones with insert sizes averaging 22.6 kilobases (kb) were isolated after complementation of 22 tn5-induced sid- mutants of pseudomonas sp. strain m114. one of these plasmids (pms639) was also shown to encode ferric-siderophore receptor and dissociation functions. the receptor gene was located on this plasmid since introduction of the plasmid into three wild-type fluorescent pseudomonads enabled them to utilize the ferric-siderophore from strain m114. the presence of an extra iron-r ...	1990	2143887
starvation-specific formation of a peripheral exopolysaccharide by a marine pseudomonas sp., strain s9.	the marine bacterium pseudomonas sp. strain s9 produces exopolysaccharides (eps) during both growth and total energy source and nutrient starvation. transmission electron microscopy of immunogold-labeled cells demonstrated that the eps is closely associated with the cell surface during growth (integral eps), while both the integral form and a loosely associated extracellular (peripheral) form were observed during starvation. formation and release of the latter rendered the starvation medium visc ...	1990	2202255
purification and characterization of 4-methylmuconolactone methylisomerase, a novel enzyme of the modified 3-oxoadipate pathway in the gram-negative bacterium alcaligenes eutrophus jmp 134.	4-carboxymethyl-4-methylbut-2-en-4-olide (4-methyl-2-enelactone) isomerase, transforming 4-methyl-2-enelactone to 3-methyl-2-enelactone, was purified from a derivative strain of pseudomonas sp. b13, named b13 fr1, carrying the plasmid pfrc2op. this plasmid contained the isomerase gene cloned from alcaligenes eutrophus jmp 134, which uses 4-methyl-2-enelactone as a carbon source. the enzyme consists of a single peptide chain of mr 40,000 as judged by sds/page. in addition to 4-methyl-2-enelactone ...	1990	2241929
complete nucleotide sequence and polypeptide analysis of multicomponent phenol hydroxylase from pseudomonas sp. strain cf600.	pseudomonas sp. strain cf600 metabolizes phenol and some of its methylated derivatives via a plasmid-encoded phenol hydroxylase and meta-cleavage pathway. the genes encoding the multicomponent phenol hydroxylase of this strain are located within a 5.5-kb saci-nrui fragment. we report the nucleotide sequence and the polypeptide products of this 5.5-kb region. a combination of deletion analysis, expression of subfragments in tac expression vectors, and identification of polypeptide products in max ...	1990	2254258
in vitro analysis of polypeptide requirements of multicomponent phenol hydroxylase from pseudomonas sp. strain cf600.	an in vitro study of the multicomponent phenol hydroxylase from pseudomonas sp. strain cf600 was performed. phenol-stimulated oxygen uptake from crude extracts was strictly dependent on the addition of nad(p)h and fe2+ to assay mixtures. five of six polypeptides required for growth on phenol were necessary for in vitro activity. one of the polypeptides was purified to homogeneity and found to be a flavin adenine dinucleotide containing iron-sulfur protein with significant sequence homology, at t ...	1990	2254259
disposition of the prodrug 4-(bis (2-chloroethyl) amino) benzoyl-l-glutamic acid and its active parent drug in mice.	a novel therapy for improving selectivity in cancer chemotherapy aims to modify distribution of a cytotoxic drug by generating it selectively at tumour sites. in this approach an antibody-enzyme conjugate is allowed to localise at the tumour sites before injecting a prodrug which is converted to an active drug specifically by the targeted enzyme in the conjugate. we present here pharmacokinetic studies on the prodrug 4-(bis (2-chloroethyl) amino) benzoyl-l-glutamic acid and its activated derivat ...	1990	2257218
transformation of carbon tetrachloride by pseudomonas sp. strain kc under denitrification conditions.	a denitrifying pseudomonas sp. (strain kc) capable of transforming carbon tetrachloride (ct) was isolated from groundwater aquifer solids. major products of the transformation of 14c-labeled ct by pseudomonas strain kc under denitrification conditions were 14co2 and an unidentified water-soluble fraction. little or no chloroform was produced. addition of dissolved trace metals, notably, ferrous iron and cobalt, to the growth medium appeared to enhance growth of pseudomonas strain kc while inhibi ...	1990	2268146
cloning of a gene from pseudomonas sp. strain pg2982 conferring increased glyphosate resistance.	a plasmid carrying a 2.4-kilobase-pair fragment of dna from pseudomonas sp. strain pg2982 has been isolated which was able to increase the glyphosate resistance of escherichia coli cells. the increase in resistance was dependent on the presence of a plasmid-encoded protein with a molecular weight of approximately 33,000, the product of a translational fusion between a gene on the vector, pacyc184, and the insert dna. an overlapping region of the pg2982 chromosome carrying the entire gene (design ...	1990	2268152
biodegradation of p-nitrophenol in an aqueous waste stream by immobilized bacteria.	microbiological analyses of activated sludge reactors after repeated exposure to 100 mg of p-nitrophenol (pnp) per liter resulted in the isolation of three pseudomonas species able to utilize pnp as a sole source of carbon and energy. cell suspensions of the three pseudomonas sp., designated pnp1, pnp2, and pnp3, mineralized 70, 60, and 45% of a 70-mg/liter dose of pnp in 24, 48, and 96 h, respectively. mass-balance analyses of pnp residues for all three cultures showed that undegraded pnp was l ...	1990	2285309
purification and properties of nadh-ferredoxinnap reductase, a component of naphthalene dioxygenase from pseudomonas sp. strain ncib 9816.	cells of pseudomonas sp. strain ncib 9816, after growth with naphthalene or salicylate, contain a multicomponent enzyme system that oxidizes naphthalene to cis-(1r,2s)-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene. we purified one of these components to homogeneity and found it to be an iron-sulfur flavoprotein that loses the flavin cofactor during purification. dialysis against flavin adenine dinucleotide (fad) showed that the enzyme bound 1 mol of fad per mol of enzyme protein. the enzyme consisted of a si ...	1990	2294092
purification and properties of ferredoxinnap, a component of naphthalene dioxygenase from pseudomonas sp. strain ncib 9816.	one of the three components of the naphthalene dioxygenase occurring in induced cells of pseudomonas sp. strain ncib 9816 has been purified to homogeneity. the protein contained 2 g-atoms each of iron and acid-labile sulfur and had an apparent molecular weight of 13,600. the evidence indicates that it is a ferredoxin-type protein that functions as an intermediate electron transfer protein in naphthalene dioxygenase activity.	1990	2294093
inhibitor studies of dissimilative fe(iii) reduction by pseudomonas sp. strain 200 ("pseudomonas ferrireductans")	aerobic respiration and dissimilative iron reduction were studied in pure, batch cultures of pseudomonas sp. strain 200 ("pseudomonas ferrireductans"). specific respiratory inhibitors were used to identify elements of electron transport chains involved in the reduction of molecular oxygen and fe(iii). when cells were grown at a high oxygen concentration, dissimilative iron reduction occurred via an abbreviated electron transport chain. the induction of alternative respiratory pathways resulted f ...	1986	2428308
glyphosate catabolism by pseudomonas sp. strain pg2982.	the pathway for the degradation of glyphosate (n-phosphonomethylglycine) by pseudomonas sp. pg2982 has been determined by using metabolic radiolabeling experiments. radiorespirometry experiments utilizing [3-14c]glyphosate revealed that approximately 50 to 59% of the c-3 carbon was oxidized to co2. fractionation of stationary-phase cells labeled with [3-14c]glyphosate revealed that from 45 to 47% of the assimilated label is distributed to proteins and that the amino acids methionine and serine a ...	1986	2430939
phosphate starvation induces uptake of glyphosate by pseudomonas sp. strain pg2982.	pseudomonas sp. strain pg2982 has the ability to use the phosphonate herbicide, glyphosate, as a sole phosphorus source (j. k. moore, h. d. braymer, and a. d. larson, appl. environ. microbiol. 46:316-320, 1983). glyphosate uptake is maximal in the late log phase of growth and is induced by phosphate starvation. uptake is inhibited by phosphate and arsenate, but not by the amino acids glycine and sarcosine. the km and vmax for glyphosate uptake were calculated to be 23 microm and 0.97 nmol/mg (dr ...	1988	2458066
cloning and sequencing of two tandem genes involved in degradation of 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl to benzoic acid in the polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading soil bacterium pseudomonas sp. strain kks102.	two genes involved in the degradation of biphenyl were isolated from a gene library of a polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading soil bacterium, pseudomonas sp. strain kks102, by using a broad-host-range cosmid vector, pks13. when a 3.2-kilobase (kb) psti fragment of a 29-kb cosmid dna insert was subcloned into puc18 at the psti site downstream of the lacz promoter, escherichia coli cells carrying this recombinant plasmid expressed 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase activity. nucleotide sequencing of ...	1989	2540155
microbiology of infected pilonidal sinuses.	aspirates of pus from infected pilonidal sinuses in 75 patients showed bacterial growth. anaerobic bacteria only were recovered in 58 (77%) specimens, aerobic bacteria only in three (4%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in 14 (19%). two hundred and nine isolates were recovered: 147 anaerobes (2.0 isolates a specimen) and 62 aerobes (0.8 a specimen). the predominant anaerobes were bacteroides sp (81 isolates, including 29 bacteroides fragilis group) and 51 anaerobic cocci. the predominan ...	1989	2584424
regulator and enzyme specificities of the tol plasmid-encoded upper pathway for degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons and expansion of the substrate range of the pathway.	the tol plasmid upper pathway operon encodes enzymes involved in the catabolism of aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylenes. the regulator of the gene pathway, the xylr protein, exhibits a very broad effector specificity, being able to recognize as effectors not only pathway substrates but also a wide variety of mono- and disubstituted methyl-, ethyl-, and chlorotoluenes, benzyl alcohols, and p-chlorobenzaldehyde. benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase and benzaldehyde dehydrogenase, two upper pa ...	1989	2687253
cloning of 1,2-dichloroethane degradation genes of xanthobacter autotrophicus gj10 and expression and sequencing of the dhla gene.	a gene bank from the chlorinated hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium xanthobacter autotrophicus gj10 was prepared in the broad-host-range cosmid vector plafr1. by using mutants impaired in dichloroethane utilization and strains lacking dehalogenase activities, several genes involved in 1,2-dichloroethane metabolism were isolated. the haloalkane dehalogenase gene dhla was subcloned, and it was efficiently expressed from its own constitutive promoter in strains of a pseudomonas sp., escherichia coli, ...	1989	2687254
degradation of p-chlorotoluene by a mutant of pseudomonas sp. strain js6.	pseudomonas sp. strain js6 grows on chlorobenzene, p-dichlorobenzene, or toluene as a sole source of carbon and energy. it does not grow on p-chlorotoluene (p-ct). growth on glucose in the presence of p-ct resulted in the accumulation of 4-chloro-2,3-dihydroxy-1-methylbenzene (3-chloro-6-methylcatechol), 4-chloro-2,3-dihydroxy-1-methylcyclohexa-4,6-diene (p-ct dihydrodiol), and 2-methyl-4-carboxymethylenebut-2-en-4-olide (2-methyl dienelactone). strain js21, a spontaneous mutant capable of growt ...	1989	2719478
plasmid dependence of pseudomonas sp. strain nk87 enzymes that degrade 6-aminohexanoate-cyclic dimer.	a bacterial strain, pseudomonas sp. strain nk87, that can use 6-aminohexanoate-cyclic dimer as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen was newly isolated from wastewater of a factory which produces nylon-6. two responsible enzymes, 6-aminohexanoate-cyclic-dimer hydrolase (p-ei) and 6-aminohexanoate-dimer hydrolase (p-eii), were found in the nk87 strain, as is the case with flavobacterium sp. strain ki72, another 6-aminohexanoate-cyclic-dimer-metabolizing bacterium (h. okada, s. negoro, h. kimura, ...	1989	2722745
high homology between 6-aminohexanoate-cyclic-dimer hydrolases of flavobacterium and pseudomonas strains.	the nucleotide sequences of the genes for 6-aminohexanoate-cyclic-dimer hydrolases of flavobacterium sp. strain k172 (f-nyla) and pseudomonas sp. nk87 (p-nyla), enzymes essential for the degradation of a by-product of the nylon-6 industry, were obtained by the dideoxynucleotide chain-termination method. a 1,479-base-pair open reading frame starting at a gtg and terminating at a tga was found for the both of the genes. the p-nyla and f-nyla genes encoded polypeptides of 493 amino acids and had on ...	1989	2722746
recruitment of a chromosomally encoded maleylacetate reductase for degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by plasmid pjp4.	when pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1c or p. putida ppo200 or ppo300 carry plasmid pjp4, which encodes enzymes for the degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (tfd) to 2-chloromaleylacetate, cells do not grow on tfd and uv-absorbing material with spectral characteristics of chloromaleylacetate accumulates in the culture medium. using plasmid pro1727, we cloned from the chromosome of a nonfluorescent pseudomonad, pseudomonas sp. strain pko1, 6- and 0.5-kilobase bamhi dna fragments which contain ...	1989	2722753
kinetics of p-cresol degradation by an immobilized pseudomonas sp.	a p-cresol (pcr)-degrading pseudomonas sp. was isolated from creosote-contaminated soil and shown to degrade pcr by conversion to protocatechuate via p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (pba) and p-hydroxybenzoate (phb). cells of the pseudomonas sp. were immobilized in calcium alginate beads and in polyurethane foam. the relationship between the pcr concentration and the pcr transformation rate was investigated in batch and continuous culture bioreactors. the biodegradation kinetics of pba and phb also were i ...	1989	2729988
bacterial metabolism of hydroxylated biphenyls.	isolates able to grow on 3- or 4-hydroxybiphenyl (hb) as the sole carbon source were obtained by enrichment culture. the 3-hb degrader pseudomonas sp. strain fh12 used an nadph-dependent monooxygenase restricted to 3- and 3,3'-hbs to introduce an ortho-hydroxyl. the 4-hb degrader pseudomonas sp. strain fh23 used either a mono- or dioxygenase to generate a 2,3-diphenolic substitution pattern which allowed meta-fission of the aromatic ring. by using 3-chlorocatechol to inhibit catechol dioxygenase ...	1989	2729993
mechanism of biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in pseudomonas sp. strain e-3, a psychrotrophic bacterium.	biosynthesis of palmitic, palmitoleic, and cis-vaccenic acids in pseudomonas sp. strain e-3 was investigated with in vitro and in vivo systems. [1-14c]palmitic acid was aerobically converted to palmitoleate and cis-vaccenate, and the radioactivities on their carboxyl carbons were 100 and 43%, respectively, of the total radioactivity in the fatty acids. palmitoyl coenzyme a desaturase activity was found in the membrane fraction. [1-14c]stearic acid was converted to octadecenoate and c16 fatty aci ...	1989	2753856
degradation of phenol and m-toluate in pseudomonas sp. strain est1001 and its pseudomonas putida transconjugants is determined by a multiplasmid system.	the utilization of phenol, m-toluate, and salicylate (phe+, mtol+, and sal+ characters, respectively) in pseudomonas sp. strain est1001 is determined by the coordinated expression of genes placed in different plasmids, i.e., by a multiplasmid system. the natural multiplasmid strain est1001 is phenotypically unstable. in its phe-, mtol-, and sal- segregants, the plasmid dna underwent structural rearrangements without a marked loss of plasmid dna, and the majority of segregants gave revertants. th ...	1989	2768199
plasmid pcbi carries genes for anaerobic benzoate catabolism in alcaligenes xylosoxidans subsp. denitrificans pn-1.	pseudomonas sp. strain pn-1 is reclassified as alcaligenes xylosoxidans subsp. denitrificans pn-1. strain pn-1 is a gram-negative, rod-shaped organism, is motile by means of lateral flagella, is oxidase positive, and does not ferment sugars. plasmid pcbi, carrying genes for the anaerobic degradation of benzoate in strain pn-1, is 17.4 kilobase pairs in length and is transmissible to a number of denitrifying pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas stutzeri strains. a restriction endonuclease map w ...	1987	2822651
cloning and characterization of the genes for two distinct cephalosporin acylases from a pseudomonas strain.	pseudomonas sp. strain se83 converts cephalosporin c and 7 beta-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanic acid (gl-7aca) to 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7aca). a dna library of this strain was constructed in escherichia coli and screened for the ability to deacylate gl-7aca to 7aca. apparently, two distinct genes, designated acyi and acyii, were cloned on 4.8- and 6.0-kilobase-pair bglii fragments, respectively. the enzymes encoded by the two genes showed different substrate specificities, and the ac ...	1987	2824449
an iron-antagonized fungistatic agent that is not required for iron assimilation from a fluorescent rhizosphere pseudomonad.	fluorescent rhizosphere pseudomonas sp. strain nz130 promotes plant growth, and may do so in part because of its production of a growth inhibitory factor that is active against phytopathogenic fungi. analysis of the inhibitory factor that is active against the phytopathogen pythium ultimum showed that its activity is antagonized at iron concentrations above 10 microm. the iron-antagonized inhibitor was separated from the fluorescent siderophore of this pseudomonad by gel filtration. mutants that ...	1988	2826392
variation in the ability of pseudomonas sp. strain b13 cultures to utilize meta-chlorobenzoate is associated with tandem amplification and deamplification of dna.	single-colony isolates of pseudomonas sp. strain b13 were examined for their ability to utilize benzoate (ben) and meta-chlorobenzoate (3cb) as the sole carbon source. scoring of b13 cultures by the replica-plating technique revealed that under nonselective conditions, b13 spontaneously formed four different types of colonies: 3cb+ ben+, 3cb+ ben-, 3cb- ben-, 3cb- ben+. successive testing of each of the four colony types showed that each produced the same four different types of single-colony is ...	1988	2832387
delivery system for creation of one-step in vivo lac gene fusions in pseudomonas spp. involved in biological control.	the suicide plasmid pva838 carrying the operon fusion transposon tn5-lac was used as a delivery system to introduce tn5-lac into pseudomonas sp. strain m114. random, in vivo lac gene fusions were successfully isolated in a one-step conjugation approach with this vector system. tn5-lac-containing exconjugants were recovered at a frequency of approximately 10(-7) per recipient. however, when the mating temperature was increased from the normal growth temperature (28 degrees c) to 34 degrees c, the ...	1988	2850764
spermidine synthesis by pseudomonas sp. strain kim, previously reported to lack this polyamine.	pseudomonas sp. strain kim has previously been reported to be the only known naturally occurring organism lacking spermidine. we now show that it synthesizes this polyamine. the apparent lack of intracellular levels of spermidine results from an efficient conversion of spermidine to putrescine and hydroxyputrescine.	1989	2914868
isolation and complementation analysis of 10 methanol oxidation mutant classes and identification of the methanol dehydrogenase structural gene of methylobacterium sp. strain am1.	a method has been developed for the direct selection of methanol oxidation mutants of the facultative methylotroph methylobacterium sp. strain am1 (formerly pseudomonas sp. strain am1). using this direct selection technique, we have isolated mutants of methylobacterium sp. strain am1 that are no longer capable of growth on methanol but retain the ability to grow on methylamine. these methanol oxidation (mox) mutants were complemented with a genomic clone bank of this organism constructed in the ...	1986	3009411
molecular cloning and expression of the 3-chlorobenzoate-degrading genes from pseudomonas sp. strain b13.	the genes specifying the utilization of 3-chlorobenzoate by pseudomonas sp. strain b13 wr1 have been cloned by using a broad-host-range cosmid cloning system. analysis of the catabolic products of the enzymatic reactions encoded by two hybrid cosmids, pmw65 and pmw90, by thin-layer and high-performance liquid chromatography demonstrated that both encoded the genes for the complete catabolism of 3-chlorobenzoate. physical analysis of one of the cosmid derivatives, pmw65, by restriction endonuclea ...	1987	3025183
analysis, cloning, and high-level expression of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate monooxygenase gene tfda of alcaligenes eutrophus jmp134.	plasmid pjp4 of alcaligenes eutrophus jmp134 contains all genes for the degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d). five of these genes, tfdb, tfdc, tfdd, tfde, and tfdf, have recently been localized and cloned (r. h. don, a. j. weightman, h.-j. knackmuss, and k. n. timmis, j. bacteriol. 161:85-90, 1985). gene tfda, which codes for the 2,4-d monooxygenase, has now been found by mutagenesis with transposon tn5. a 3-kilobase fragment of pjp4 cloned in a broad-host-range vector could com ...	1987	3036764
degradation of bromacil by a pseudomonas sp.	a gram-negative rod, identified as a pseudomonas sp., was isolated from soil by using bromacil as the sole source of carbon and energy. during growth on bromacil or 5-bromouracil, almost stoichiometric amounts of bromide were released. the bacterium was shown to harbor two plasmids approximately 60 and 100 kilobases in size. they appeared to be associated with the ability to utilize bromacil as a sole source of carbon and also with resistance to ampicillin. this microorganism also showed the pot ...	1988	3056270
microbial transformation of quinoline by a pseudomonas sp.	a pseudomonas sp. isolated from sewage by enrichment culture on quinoline metabolized this substrate by a novel pathway involving 8-hydroxycoumarin. during early growth of the organism on quinoline, 2-hydroxyquinoline accumulated as the intermediate; 8-hydroxycoumarin accumulated as the major metabolite on further incubation. 2,8-dihydroxyquinoline and 2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid were identified as the other intermediates. inhibition of quinoline metabolism by 1 mm sodium arsenite led to t ...	1986	3089153
toxicity of paraquat to microorganisms.	the biochemical response of the microorganisms lipomyces starkeyi (lod & rij), escherichia coli k-12 w3110, bacillus subtilis 168 (marburg) and pseudomonas sp. strain tto1 to the presence of growth-inhibitory concentrations of paraquat was studied. paraquat was added to each culture at a concentration previously determined to reduce the culture growth rate by up to 50%. the changes in activity of a number of enzymes previously shown to be associated with the defense of the mammalian system again ...	1986	3098166
evaluation of an immunofluorescent-antibody test for rapid identification of pseudomonas aeruginosa in blood cultures.	an immunofluorescent-antibody test was developed for rapid detection of pseudomonas aeruginosa in blood cultures. the test uses a murine monoclonal antibody specific for all strains of p. aeruginosa. in initial tests, bright uniform immunofluorescence signals were seen when each of the 17 international serotypes, as well as 14 additional isolates of p. aeruginosa, were examined. no immunofluorescent staining was observed when 37 other gram-negative and 15 gram-positive species were studied. in a ...	1988	3133390
activities of pefloxacin and ciprofloxacin in experimentally induced pseudomonas pneumonia in neutropenic guinea pigs.	pefloxacin and ciprofloxacin are two new quinoline carboxylic acid derivatives that have activity in vitro against a wide range of gram-negative bacteria, including pseudomonas aeruginosa. using a well-standardized model of pseudomonas pneumonia in neutropenic guinea pigs, we tested the efficacy in vivo of these new agents. both were highly effective in increasing survival and decreasing bacterial counts in the lungs of surviving animals. pefloxacin and ciprofloxacin were significantly better (p ...	1985	3159336
anaerobic metabolism of phthalate and other aromatic compounds by a denitrifying bacterium.	the anaerobic metabolism of phthalate and other aromatic compounds by the denitrifying bacterium pseudomonas sp. strain p136 was studied. benzoate, cyclohex-1-ene-carboxylate, 2-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate, and pimelate were detected as predominant metabolic intermediates during the metabolism of three isomers of phthalate, m-hydroxybenzoate, p-hydroxybenzoate, and cyclohex-3-ene-carboxylate. inducible acyl-coenzyme a synthetase activities for phthalates, benzoate, cyclohex-1-ene-carboxylate, ...	1988	3192515
degradation of 2-hydroxybiphenyl and 2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl by pseudomonas sp. strain hbp1.	pseudomonas sp. strain hbp1 was found to grow on 2-hydroxy- and 2,2'-dihydroxy-biphenyl as the sole carbon and energy sources. the first step in the degradation of these compounds was catalyzed by an nadh-dependent monooxygenase. the enzyme inserted a hydroxyl group adjacent to the already existing hydroxyl group to form 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl when acting on 2-hydroxybiphenyl and to form 2,2',3-trihydroxybiphenyl when acting on 2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl. to be substrates of the monooxygenase, compou ...	1988	3214154
metabolism of glyphosate in pseudomonas sp. strain lbr.	metabolism of glyphosate (n-phosphonomethylglycine) by pseudomonas sp. strain lbr, a bacterium isolated from a glyphosate process waste stream, was examined by a combination of solid-state 13c nuclear magnetic resonance experiments and analysis of the phosphonate composition of the growth medium. pseudomonas sp. strain lbr was capable of eliminating 20 mm glyphosate from the growth medium, an amount approximately 20-fold greater than that reported for any other microorganism to date. the bacteri ...	1988	3223761
degradation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene by a pseudomonas sp.	a pseudomonas sp. that was capable of growth on 1,2-dichlorobenzene (o-dcb) or chlorobenzene as a sole source of carbon and energy was isolated by selective enrichment from activated sludge. the initial steps involved in the degradation of o-dcb were investigated by isolation of metabolites, respirometry, and assay of enzymes in cell extracts. extracts of o-dcb-grown cells converted radiolabeled o-dcb to 3,4-dichloro-cis-1,2-dihydroxycyclohexa-3,5-diene (o-dcb dihydrodiol). 3,4-dichlorocatechol ...	1988	3281582
isolation of a methyl parathion-degrading pseudomonas sp. that possesses dna homologous to the opd gene from a flavobacterium sp.	two mixed bacterial cultures isolated by soil enrichment were capable of utilizing methyl parathion (o,o-dimethyl o-p-nitrophenylphosphorothioate) and parathion (o,o-diethyl o-p-nitrophenylphosphorothioate) as a sole source of carbon. four isolates from these mixed cultures lost their ability to utilize the pesticides independently in transfers subsequent to the initial isolation. one member of the mixed cultures, a pseudomonas sp., however, hydrolyzed the pesticides to p-nitrophenol but require ...	1988	3355128
novel biotransformations of 4-chlorobiphenyl by a pseudomonas sp.	a bacterium, tentatively identified as a representative of the genus pseudomonas (strain mb86), was isolated from soil contaminated by wood-preservation chemicals by using 4-chlorobenzoate as an enrichment substrate. the pseudomonad was able to grow on 4-chlorobenzoic acid and 4-chlorobiphenyl as sole carbon and energy sources. spent culture medium from 4-chlorobiphenyl-grown cells contained 4-chlorobenzoic acid, 4'-chloroacetophenone, 2-hydroxy,2-[4'-chlorophenyl] ethane, and 2-oxo,2-[4'-chloro ...	1988	3355144
denitrification by a soil bacterium with phthalate and other aromatic compounds as substrates.	a soil bacterium, pseudomonas sp. strain p136, was isolated by selective enrichment for anaerobic utilization of o-phthalate through nitrate respiration. o-phthalate, m-phthalate, p-phthalate, benzoate, cyclohex-1-ene-carboxylate, and cyclohex-3-ene-carboxylate were utilized by this strain under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. m-hydroxybenzoate and p-hydroxybenzoate were utilized only under anaerobic conditions. protocatechuate and catechol were neither utilized nor detected as metabolic ...	1988	3372476
enzymatic dehalogenation of chlorinated nitroaromatic compounds.	4-chlorobenzoate dehalogenase from pseudomonas sp. strain cbs3 converted 4-chloro-3,5-dinitrobenzoate to 3,5-dinitro-4-hydroxybenzoate and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene to 2,4-dinitrophenol. the activities were 0.13 mu/mg of protein for 4-chloro-3,5-dinitrobenzoate and 0.16 mu/mg of protein for 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene compared with 0.5 mu/mg of protein for 4-chlorobenzoate.	1988	3389813
oxidation of substituted phenols by pseudomonas putida f1 and pseudomonas sp. strain js6.	the biodegradation of benzene, toluene, and chlorobenzenes by pseudomonas putida involves the initial conversion of the parent molecules to cis-dihydrodiols by dioxygenase enzyme systems. the cis-dihydrodiols are then converted to the corresponding catechols by dihydrodiol dehydrogenase enzymes. pseudomonas sp. strain js6 uses a similar system for growth on toluene or dichlorobenzenes. we tested the wild-type organisms and a series of mutants for their ability to transform substituted phenols af ...	1988	3415220
kinetics of p-nitrophenol mineralization by a pseudomonas sp.: effects of second substrates.	the kinetics of simultaneous mineralization of p-nitrophenol (pnp) and glucose by pseudomonas sp. were evaluated by nonlinear regression analysis. pseudomonas sp. did not mineralize pnp at a concentration of 10 ng/ml but metabolized it at concentrations of 50 ng/ml or higher. the ks value for pnp mineralization by pseudomonas sp. was 1.1 micrograms/ml, whereas the ks values for phenol and glucose mineralization were 0.10 and 0.25 micrograms/ml, respectively. the addition of glucose to the media ...	1987	3426223
an nad+-dependent alanine dehydrogenase from a methylotrophic bacterium.	a study was made of the nad+-dependent alanine dehydrogenase (ec 1.4.1.1) elaborated by the methylotrophic bacterium pseudomonas sp. strain ma when growing on succinate and nh4cl. this enzyme was purified 400-fold and was found to be highly specific for nh3 and nad+; however, hydroxypyruvate and bromopyruvate, but not alpha-oxoglutarate or glyoxylate, could replace pyruvate to a limited extent. the mr of the native enzyme was shown to be 217,000, and electrophoresis in sds/polyacrylamide gels re ...	1987	3446176
existence of a novel enzyme, pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent polyvinyl alcohol dehydrogenase, in a bacterial symbiont, pseudomonas sp. strain vm15c.	a novel enzyme, pyrroloquinoline quinone (pqq)-dependent polyvinyl alcohol (pva) dehydrogenase, was found in and partially purified from the membrane fraction of a pva-degrading symbiont, pseudomonas sp. strain vm15c. the enzyme required pqq for pva dehydrogenation with phenazine methosulfate, phenazine ethosulfate, and 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol as electron acceptors and did not show pva oxidase activity leading to h2o2 formation. the enzyme was active toward low-molecular-weight secondary al ...	1986	3513704
identification of legionella pneumophila with commercially available immunofluorescence test.		1986	3522642
role of dissolution rate and solubility in biodegradation of aromatic compounds.	strains of moraxella sp., pseudomonas sp., and flavobacterium sp. able to grow on biphenyl were isolated from sewage. the bacteria produced 2.3 to 4.5 g of protein per mol of biphenyl carbon, and similar protein yields were obtained when the isolates were grown on succinate. mineralization of biphenyl was exponential during the phase of exponential growth of moraxella sp. and pseudomonas sp. in biphenyl-supplemented media, flavobacterium sp. had one exponential phase of growth apparently at the ...	1987	3566268
pseudomonas sp. group ve-2 bacterial peritonitis in a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.	pseudomonas sp. group ve-2 peritonitis occurred in a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis who had recently completed intraperitoneal cephalosporin therapy for culture-negative peritonitis. this is the second reported case of peritonitis in this population of patients due to this unusual organism, which is usually resistant to most cephalosporin antibiotics.	1987	3571484