| biochemical characterization of campylobacter fetus lipopolysaccharides. | lipopolysaccharides (lps) of five strains of the human and animal pathogen campylobacter fetus were electrophoretically and chemically characterized. analysis with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that all the strains produced smooth-form lps with o side chains of relatively constant chain length. upon extraction, lps partitioned into both the water and phenol phases of phenol-water extracts, which showed that two chemical species of lps were present in each c. fe ... | 1994 | 8063409 |
| septic abortion with intact fetal membranes caused by campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus. | we report a case of septic abortion with intact fetal membranes caused by campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus in an 18-year-old woman who was 9 1/2 weeks pregnant. | 1994 | 8077416 |
| evaluation of cultural methods and selective media for the isolation of campylobacter fetus subsp venerealis from cattle. | | 1994 | 8080409 |
| isolation and immunogenicity of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus from an abdominal aortic aneurysm. | a campylobacter fetus strain was isolated from an abdominal aortic aneurysm in a 56-year-old man who had no significant chronic illness except arteriosclerosis. the strain was identified on the basis of the usual taxonomic markers and fatty acid profiles. the patient's immunological status regarding campylobacter fetus was studied by western blot. the strong immune response observed against the 99 kda protein of the strain confirms that the s-layer protein is the immunodominant antigen of campyl ... | 1993 | 8112355 |
| [two cases of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus sepsis]. | we encountered two relatively rare cases of sepsis due to campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus (c. fetus). case 1. a 54-year-old female with abdominal polysurgery developed a slight fever and vomiting in august 1984. despite the administration of some digestive drugs by her family doctor, these symptoms continued. in mid-october, she was hospitalized with high fever with chill and rigor on the skin. on the third hospital day, c. fetus was detected in the blood culture. after combination chemotherapy ... | 1994 | 8151152 |
| the association between antibody titres against campylobacter fetus and reproductive efficiency in dairy cattle. | the relationship between the antibody titres against campylobacter fetus and various indices of reproductive efficiency was studied in a cross-sectional study of 178 dairy cows from three california dairy herd improvement association herds. blood samples were collected from the lactating cows during december 1986. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to determine the antibody titres of the cow against campylobacter fetus, haemophilus somnus and leptospira hardjo and were classified as ei ... | 1993 | 8212528 |
| application of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for epidemiological studies of diseases of livestock in the tropics of mexico. | this study was conducted at the centre for research, teaching and extension in tropical livestock (centro de investigación, enseñanza y extensión en ganadería tropical) of the faculty of veterinary medicine of the national autonomous university of mexico. during the latter part of 1986 and throughout 1988 and 1989, the herd of holstein x zebu cattle at the university was tested for igg antibodies to twenty-one viral, bacterial, rickettsial and parasitic agents. antigens prepared from twenty infe ... | 1993 | 8219327 |
| granulomatous enteritis and campylobacter bacteremia in a horse. | a 10-month-old standard-bred colt was examined because of weight loss, fever, and extensive subcutaneous edema of the ventral aspects of its trunk. diagnosis of granulomatous enteritis was based on d-xylose malabsorption, hypoproteinemia, and rectal mucosal biopsy. campylobacter fetus subsp fetus was cultured from jugular venous blood when the horse was admitted to the hospital and 24 hours later. appropriate antimicrobial agents and glucocorticoids failed to effect clinical remission. after eut ... | 1993 | 8226250 |
| role of the s-layer proteins of campylobacter fetus in serum-resistance and antigenic variation: a model of bacterial pathogenesis. | campylobacter fetus are microaerophilic gram-negative bacteria that are pathogens of animals and humans. these organisms possess paracrystalline surface (s-) layers, composed of acidic high molecular weight proteins. c. fetus strains possessing s-layers are resistant to c3b binding, which explains both serum and phagocytosis-resistance. c. fetus strains also can vary the subunit protein size, crystalline structure, and antigenicity of the s-layer it expresses. therefore, its s-layer permits c. f ... | 1993 | 8238090 |
| failure of therapeutic vaccination of a bull infected with campylobacter fetus. | | 1993 | 8257318 |
| the association between antibody titres against campylobacter fetus and milk production efficiency in dairy cattle. | the association between serological evidence of exposure to campylobacter fetus and milk production performance was studied in 178 lactating cows from three california dairy herd improvement association herds using a cross-sectional study design in december 1986. elisas were used to determine the antibody titres against campylobacter fetus, haemophilus somnus and leptospira hardjo, which were classified as either negative or positive. the status of a cow as negative or positive against c. fetus ... | 1993 | 8284894 |
| campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. | | 1993 | 8290011 |
| septic abortion associated with campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus infection: case report and review of the literature. | in contrast to the situation in cattle, goat and sheep, campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus only rarely causes disease in humans. while a major inducer of septic abortion in animals, only a minority of clinical infections in humans are found during pregnancy. eleven cases have so far been described in pregnant women. clinical symptomatology is usually mild during gestation but often leads to premature labor. here we present a multigravida with positive cultures for c. fetus who went into septic ... | 1993 | 8300253 |
| prosthetic hip joint infection due to campylobacter fetus. | a case of postoperative prosthetic hip joint infection due to campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus is described. difficulties in isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of this organism are discussed. | 1993 | 8308129 |
| rearrangement of sapa homologs with conserved and variable regions in campylobacter fetus. | the campylobacter fetus surface-layer (s-layer) proteins mediate both complement resistance and antigenic variation in mammalian hosts. wild-type strain 23d possesses the sapa gene, which encodes a 97-kda s-layer protein, and several sapa homologs are present in both wild-type and mutant strains. here we report that a cloned silent gene (sapa1) in c. fetus can express a functional full-length s-layer protein in escherichia coli. analysis of sapa and sapa1 and partial analysis of sapa2 indicate t ... | 1993 | 8346244 |
| production of cytolethal distending toxin (cldt) by campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus isolated from calves. | cytolethal distending toxin (cldt) production by campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus isolated from calves was examined using cho cells. twenty-five of the 26 strains tested were positive for cldt with titer of ranging 1:8 to 1:2,048. cldt positive strains were divided into low and high cytotoxin titer groups. isolates from diarrhea cases tended to produce a significant amount of cldt compared with isolates from liver. cldt produced by c. fetus showed no effect on y-1 cells and was heat-labile and t ... | 1993 | 8357933 |
| [septic campylobacter fetus thrombophlebitis: a new case]. | the diagnosis of septic thrombophlebitis is difficult and often delayed, but it must be borne in mind in all cases of venous thrombosis accompanied by signs of local and/or systemic infection, or deteriorating under heparin therapy. we report a case of septic thrombophlebitis caused by campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus. the characteristic features, obtained from the literature, of septic thrombophlebitis caused by campylobacter spp are presented. | 1993 | 8362108 |
| helicobacter acinonyx sp. nov., isolated from cheetahs with gastritis. | four strains of a novel helicobacter species were isolated from the stomachs of cheetahs (acinonyx jubilatus) with gastritis. these isolates were phenotypically similar to helicobacter pylori. the isolates were gram-negative, spiral bacteria which grew under microaerophilic conditions at 37 degrees c, but not at 25 or 42 degrees c, and produced urease, catalase, oxidase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. the isolates did not ferment glucose, mannitol, inositol, sorbitol, r ... | 1993 | 8379970 |
| pathogenesis of campylobacter fetus infections: critical role of high-molecular-weight s-layer proteins in virulence. | wild-type campylobacter fetus strains possess high-molecular-weight s-layer proteins (s+) and are highly resistant to serum-mediated killing and phagocytosis. spontaneous mutant strains lacking these proteins (s-) are serum and phagocytosis sensitive and have reduced virulence in a mouse model. intact s+ cells were treated with pronase, which made them s- although genotypically s+ and had essentially no effect on other cellular proteins or on viability. treatment with pronase, but not buffer alo ... | 1993 | 8421171 |
| [a case of campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus meningitis]. | a 40-year-old male with no history of underlying disease was admitted to hokusho central hospital on may 25, 1991, complaining of high fever and headache. physical examination on admission revealed a temperature of 38.5 degrees c, a pulse rate of 84 beat/min (relative bradycardia) and no abnormal findings for the chest or abdomen. slight neck stiffness without kernig's sign was observed at neurological examination. laboratory data were: esr 11 mm/lh, wbc 12000/mm3, c-reactive protein positive. l ... | 1993 | 8450275 |
| bactericidal effects of ozone at nonspermicidal concentrations. | a study was conducted to assess the use of ozone (o3) to control pathogens or contaminants of concern to animal breeders and regulatory officials. in separate experiments, samples of fresh bovine semen and pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, or campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis were diluted with antibiotic-free milk (10(6) sperm and 10(6) organisms/ml of diluted semen), exposed in the previous day to a constantly monitored level of 5, 10, 15, or 20 micrograms/ml of o3 for 3-5 min. afte ... | 1995 | 8521350 |
| a detection assay for campylobacter fetus in bovine semen by restriction analysis of pcr amplified dna. | a rapid screening assay for campylobacter fetus in bull semen was developed using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) to complement isolation by culture. an oligonucleotide primer pair (c1/c2) from the hypervariable region of 16s rrna of c. fetus was used to amplify a 362 base pair fragment by pcr. the pcr/rea assay, which is completed in 10 hours, detected as few as three c. fetus subsp. venerealis cells in experimentally infected raw bull semen and i ... | 1995 | 8540237 |
| [abdominal aortic aneurysm infected with campylobacter fetus spp fetus. report of a case and review of the literature]. | aortic aneurysm infected with campylobacter fetus spp fetus is rare, the first case having been reported in 1971. we present a case of abdominal aortic aneurysm, with a history of abdominal pain, fever and chills, with identification of this gram negative bacillus in the culture of the aortic wall and visualization of the microorganism in histological examination. surgical correction was performed by interposition of a dracon prosthetic graft. the patient had a good postoperative course, receivi ... | 1995 | 8578095 |
| campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus septicaemia: sds-page as an aid to speciation. | we describe a case of bacteraemia due to an atypical strain of campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus. conventional biochemical and phenotypic characterisation was unhelpful but whole cell protein profiles obtained by means of sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) allowed us to identify this strain. | 1995 | 8586844 |
| southern blotting analyses of strains of campylobacter fetus using the conserved region of sapa. | chromosomal dna of 27 strains of campylobacter fetus was analyzed by southern blotting with a probe of the conserved region of sapa. the probe hybridized with 23 strains that produced type a lipopolysaccharide. these strains had more than six sapa homologs. in southern blots of sali-digested chromosomal dna separated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, one fragment from 19 strains and two fragments from 4 strains hybridized. these data indicate that multiple sapa homologs are localized to a lim ... | 1995 | 8588747 |
| the o-specific polysaccharide chain of campylobacter fetus serotype b lipopolysaccharide is a d-rhamnan terminated with 3-o-methyl-d-rhamnose (d-acofriose). | an o-specific polysaccharide was liberated from campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus serotype b lipopolysaccharide by mild acid hydrolysis followed by gel chromatography. this polysaccharide was found to contain d-rhamnose and 3-o-methyl-d-rhamnose (d-rha3me, d-acofriose) in a ratio of approximately 24:1, as well as lipopolysaccharide core constituents. the structure of the polysaccharide was studied by 1h-nmr and 13c-nmr spectroscopy, which included two-dimensional cosy, rotating-frame noe spectros ... | 1996 | 8706751 |
| generation of campylobacter fetus s-layer protein diversity utilizes a single promoter on an invertible dna segment. | wild-type strains of campylobacter fetus contain a monomolecular array of surface layer proteins (slps) and vary the antigenicity of the predominant slp expressed. reciprocal recombination events among the eight genomic slp gene cassettes, which encode 97- to 149 kda slps, permit this variation. to explore whether slp expression utilizes a single promoter, we created mutant bacterial strains using insertional mutagenesis by rescue of a marker from plasmids. experimental analysis of the mutants c ... | 1996 | 8730866 |
| [acute hepatitis caused by campylobacter fetus]. | | 1996 | 8763076 |
| an environmentally regulated pilus-like appendage involved in campylobacter pathogenesis. | examination of strains of campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter fetus by electron microscopy revealed that they produced peritrichous pilus-like appendages when the bacteria were grown in the presence of bile salts. various bile-salt supplements were used and it was found that deoxycholate and chenodeoxycholic acid caused a significant enhancement of pilus production and resulted in a highly aggregative phenotype. morphologically, the pili were between 4 and 7 nm in width a ... | 1996 | 8793884 |
| infective endocarditis caused by campylobacter fetus after allogeneic tooth transplantation: a case report. | a patient developed infective endocarditis caused by campylobacter fetus. he gave a history of recent dental extraction and allogeneic tooth transplantation. he was treated with various antibodies to which the organism was said to be sensitive, but it was not until the transplanted tooth was removed that he started to improve. the mode of infection was thought to be blood borne through the open tooth socket from the raw chicken that he ate regularly. | 1996 | 8818256 |
| electrophoretic and immunoblot analysis of campylobacter fetus lipopolysaccharides. | proteinase k-digested cell lysates from 25 campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus and c. fetus subsp. venerealis strains were examined by sds-page and immunoblotting. three sds-page lipopolysaccharide (lps) profiles were observed. two profiles were consistent with those previously reported for serogroup a and serogroup b and ab isolates and were distinguished by the relative mobility of bands in the o-chain region and by a strong reaction on immunoblots with homologous antisera. the third profile ... | 1996 | 8828127 |
| epidemiologic application of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to an outbreak of campylobacter fetus meningitis in a neonatal intensive care unit. | an outbreak of nosocomial campylobacter fetus meningitis occurred in a neonatal intensive care unit (nicu). eight c. fetus strains were isolated from 4 infants with meningitis, the mother of the index patient and 2 infants who were asymptomatic intestinal carriers. the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) pattern with the restriction endonucleases smal and sall were found to be identical for the nosocomial c. fetus isolates, but the patterns were different from those of sporadic strains. thes ... | 1996 | 8863359 |
| biological characterization of campylobacter fetus lipopolysaccharides. | lipopolysaccharides (lps) of three strains of campylobacter fetus (subspp. fetus and venerealis, and serotypes a and b), a bacterium of veterinary importance but also a cause of various infections in humans, were assessed for their ability to induce mitogenicity, gelation of limulus amebocyte lysate, lethal toxicity in mice, and pyrogenicity in rabbits. all c. fetus lps exhibited activities lower than those of salmonella typhimurium lps. lps of c. fetus subsp. fetus serotype a had the lowest act ... | 1996 | 8871115 |
| expression, secretion and antigenic variation of bacterial s-layer proteins. | the function of the s-layer, a regularly arranged structure on the outside of numerous bacteria, appears to be different for bacteria living in different environments. almost no similarity exists between the primary sequences of s-proteins, although their amino acid composition is comparable. s-protein production is directed by single or multiple promoters in front of the s-protein gene, yielding stable mrnas. most bacteria secrete s-proteins via the general secretory pathway (gsp). translocatio ... | 1996 | 8898381 |
| [campylobacter fetus meningitis in adults]. | campylobacter fetus is an uncommon cause of meningitis in the adult. we report a case observed in an 84-year-old man with alcoholic cirrhosis. the patient presented fever, jaundice and a state of mental confusion. blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures identified campylobacter fetus sensitive to several antibiotics. ciprofloxacine-ceftriaxone combination replaced the antibiotics prescribed empirically prior to identification and led to regression of the fever and normal mental status within 4 da ... | 1996 | 8942943 |
| purification and characterization of campylobacter rectus surface layer proteins. | campylobacter rectus is a putative periodontopathogen which expresses a proteinaceous surface layer (s-layer) external to the outer membrane. s-layers are considered to play a protective role for the microorganism in hostile environments. the s-layer proteins from six different c. rectus strains (five human isolates and a nonhuman primate [nhp] isolate) were isolated, purified, and characterized. the s-layer proteins of these strains varied in molecular mass (ca. 150 to 166 kda) as determined by ... | 1997 | 9009300 |
| nested dna inversion as a paradigm of programmed gene rearrangement. | programmed gene rearrangements are employed by a variety of microorganisms, including viruses, prokaryotes, and simple eukaryotes, to control gene expression. in most instances in which organisms mediate host evasion by large families of homologous gene cassettes, the mechanism of variation is not thought to involve dna inversion. here we report that campylobacter fetus, a pathogenic gram-negative bacterium, reassorts a single promoter, controlling surface-layer protein expression, and one or mo ... | 1997 | 9023369 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of the gyra gene from campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus atcc 27374 and characterization of ciprofloxacin-resistant laboratory and clinical isolates. | the gyra gene of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus, which encodes the a subunit of dna gyrase, was cloned, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. an open reading frame of 2,586 nucleotides which encodes a polypeptide of 862 amino acids with an mr of 96,782 was identified. c. fetus subsp. fetus gyra is most closely related to campylobacter jejuni gyra, with 73% homology at the nucleotide level and 78% identity between polypeptides. the next most closely related gyra was that from helicobacter ... | 1997 | 9056011 |
| dna fingerprinting of campylobacter fetus using cloned constructs of ribosomal rna and surface array protein genes. | dna fragments coding for the ribosomal rna and the surface array proteins of campylobacter fetus have been cloned from a genomic library constructed in escherichia coli. they were used in the molecular characterization of c. fetus (subsp. fetus; subsp. venerealis) strains by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) method. ribotyping results showed that all strains of the two subspecies can be classified under one ribogroup implying very close relatedness. the sapa gene dna marker, howeve ... | 1997 | 9057261 |
| a deletion in the sapa homologue cluster is responsible for the loss of the s-layer in campylobacter fetus strain tk. | the surface array protein (sap) of campylobacter fetus strain tk is encoded by seven homologous sapa genes clustered on the chromosomal dna. the spontaneously arising variant strain tk(sap-) produces no sap and carries an approximately 10-kb chromosomal deletion. to elucidate the mechanism underlying the loss of sap synthesis, we analyzed the region containing the sapa homologues and the deletion. we constructed a physical map of the sapa cluster region by aligning the clones that contain sapa h ... | 1997 | 9075619 |
| serologic survey for infectious pathogens in free-ranging american bison. | from november 1991 through march 1992, we evaluated 101 free-ranging american bison (bison bison) from yellowstone national park, wyoming (usa) for exposure to infectious organisms that commonly infect cattle. no titers were detected for bluetongue virus, bovine leukemia virus, or campylobacter fetus in these 101 bison. detectable antibodies occurred against anaplasma marginale (eight of 76, 11%), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (31 of 101, 31%), bovine viral diarrhea (31 of 101, 31%), bovine ... | 1997 | 9131564 |
| campylobacter fetus-associated aneurysms: report of a case involving the popliteal artery and review of the literature. | | 1997 | 9142823 |
| a sero-epidemiological study of haemophilus somnus infection in dairy cattle. | five repeated cross-sectional serological surveys of 790 dairy cattle in 4 dairy herds between december 1985 and february 1987 provided an opportunity to study the changes in the seroprevalence of haemophilus somnus across the 5 surveys and with respect to some demographic and disease variables. the demographic variables included were age (heifers or cows) and farm, representing two groups of herds (two herds in each group, located in the central and northern valleys of california). the serologi ... | 1997 | 9151407 |
| campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus cholecystitis in a patient with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. | acute cholecystitis due to campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus is very uncommon. we report a case of cholecystitis and obstructive jaundice in which cultured bile grew this organism. the patient had a 4-year history of hepatocellular carcinoma, resulting in common bile duct obstruction due to abdominal lymph node metastasis. microscopic examination of her bile showed multiple gram-negative curved organisms and c. fetus subsp. fetus was isolated under microaerophilic conditions. therefore, we should ... | 1997 | 9181660 |
| the o-specific polysaccharide chain of campylobacter fetus serotype a lipopolysaccharide is a partially o-acetylated 1,3-linked alpha-d-mannan. | a polysaccharide fraction liberated from campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus serotype a lipopolysaccharide by mild acid hydrolysis followed by gel-permeation chromatography contained a partially o-acetylated d-mannan chain, as an o-specific polysaccharide, with a core oligosaccharide attached. the structure of the polysaccharide was studied by o-deacetylation, methylation, and 1h- and 13c-nmr spectroscopy, including computer-assisted analysis of the 13c-nmr spectrum. a structure of -->3)-alpha-d-ma ... | 1997 | 9182999 |
| helicobacter pylori induces an array of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human gastric epithelial cells: quantification of mrna for interleukin-8, -1 alpha/beta, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. | despite the fact that helicobacter pylori is known to be non-invasive, mucosal infiltration of inflammatory cells have been observed in the gastric mucosa. the exact pathogenesis of such an inflammatory reaction has not been well defined. we explored the repertoire of cytokine genes expressed in human gastric epithelial cells in response to coculture with h. pylori. after gastric epithelial cells, snu-5 and kato iii, were infected with h. pylori, expression of several cytokine genes was assessed ... | 1997 | 9257236 |
| molecular biology of s-layers. | in this chapter we report on the molecular biology of crystalline surface layers of different bacterial groups. the limited information indicates that there are many variations on a common theme. sequence variety, antigenic diversity, gene expression, rearrangements, influence of environmental factors and applied aspects are addressed. there is considerable variety in the s-layer composition, which was elucidated by sequence analysis of the corresponding genes. in corynebacterium glutamicum one ... | 1997 | 9276928 |
| functions of s-layers. | although s-layers are being increasingly identified on bacteria and archaea, it is enigmatic that in most cases s-layer function continues to elude us. in a few instances, s-layers have been shown to be virulence factors on pathogens (e.g. campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus and aeromonas salmonicida), protective against bdellovibrio, a depository for surface-exposed enzymes (e.g. bacillus stearothermophilus), shape-determining agents (e.g. thermoproteus tenax) and nucleation factors for fine-grain m ... | 1997 | 9276929 |
| infected subdural effusion associated with resolving subdural hematoma--case report. | a 70-year-old male presented with rapid neurological deterioration and fever 3 months after suffering a closed head trauma. he underwent craniotomy for possible subdural empyema based on computed tomography and clinical findings. dural incision revealed an outer membrane typical of chronic subdural hematoma which covered a clear, yellowish fluid containing campylobacter fetus. histological examination confirmed the capsule of the hematoma, with a necrotic focus infiltrated by neutrophils. admini ... | 1997 | 9301203 |
| [spontaneous bacterial peritonitis from campylobacter fetus]. | a patient with cirrhosis and ascites who developed spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to campylobacter fetus is described herein. this organism has been increasingly associated with bacteremia and localized infections in patients with cirrhosis and other immunocompromised states, but spontaneous bacterial peritonitis has been rarely reported. we review campylobacter fetus infections and their relationship to development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and we emphasize that prolonged ant ... | 1997 | 9303614 |
| [bacteremia caused by campylobacter fetus secondary to rectal biopsy]. | | 1997 | 9312288 |
| both dna gyrase and reverse gyrase are present in the hyperthermophilic bacterium thermotoga maritima. | like all hyperthermophiles yet tested, the bacterium thermotoga maritima contains a reverse gyrase. here we show that it contains also a dna gyrase. the genes top2a and top2b encoding the two subunits of a dna gyrase-like enzyme have been cloned and sequenced. the top2a (type ii dna topoisomerase a protein) is more similar to gyra (dna gyrase a protein) than to parc [topoisomerase iv (topo iv) c protein]. the difference is especially striking at the c-terminal domain, which differentiates dna gy ... | 1997 | 9380682 |
| nested dna inversion of campylobacter fetus s-layer genes is reca dependent. | wild-type strains of campylobacter fetus are covered by a monomolecular array of surface layer proteins (slps) critical for virulence. each cell possesses eight slp gene cassettes, tightly clustered in the genome, that encode slps of 97 to 149 kda. variation of slp expression occurs by a mechanism of nested dna rearrangement that involves the inversion of a 6.2-kb sapa promoter-containing element alone or together with one or more flanking slp gene cassettes. the presence of extensive regions of ... | 1997 | 9393719 |
| molecular mechanisms of campylobacter fetus surface layer protein expression. | cells of the gram-negative bacteria campylobacter fetus are covered by monomolecular arrays of surface layer proteins (slps) critical for both persistence in their natural hosts and for virulence. for c. fetus cells, expression of slps essentially eliminates c3b binding and their antigenic variation thwarts host immunological defences. each cell possesses multiple partially homologous and highly conserved slp gene cassettes, tightly clustered in the genome, that encode slps of 97-149 kda. these ... | 1997 | 9402015 |
| evaluation of a pcr assay for identification and differentiation of campylobacter fetus subspecies. | to evaluate a polymerase chain reaction assay for identification of campylobacter fetus and differentiation of the defined subspecies. | 1997 | 9404619 |
| the capsule and s-layer: two independent and yet compatible macromolecular structures in bacillus anthracis. | bacillus anthracis, the etiological agent of anthrax, is a gram-positive spore-forming bacterium. fully virulent bacilli are toxinogenic and capsulated. two abundant surface proteins, including the major antigen, are components of the b. anthracis surface layer (s-layer). the b. anthracis paracrystalline s-layer has previously only been found in noncapsulated vegetative cells. here we report that the s-layer proteins are also synthesized under conditions where the poly-gamma-d-glutamic acid caps ... | 1998 | 9422592 |
| [a case of isolated tricuspid valve endocarditis caused by campylobacter fetus]. | we reported a rare case of isolated tricuspid valve endocarditis in a non-addict with no underlying cardiac disease. a 48-year-old man was presented with high fever and newly developed leg edema. the diagnosis of tricuspid endocarditis was established following detection of a large vegetation (3.0 cm) on the tricuspid valve on echocardiography. one blood culture showed positive for campylobacter fetus. at operation, a large and a small vegetation were found attached to the anterior leaflet of th ... | 1997 | 9430963 |
| lethal maternal sepsis caused by campylobacter jejuni: pathogen preserved in placenta and identified by molecular methods. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common organisms in the etiology of febrile diarrhea. bacteremia is reported to be rare. in pregnant women, however, c. jejuni (previous name, vibrio fetus) can cause fetal death. we report the case of a pregnant woman with enterocolitis and sepsis that caused the death of the fetus and, 11 days later, the death of the mother. c. jejuni was detected by culture techniques at the time of the first symptoms but not during the subsequent course of disease. bac ... | 1997 | 9436972 |
| specific identification of campylobacter fetus by pcr targeting variable regions of the 16s rdna. | campylobacter fetus is recognized as a human and animal pathogen. the isolation and differentiation of c. fetus in diagnostic laboratories is hindered by its relatively slow growth and lack of distinguishing biochemical characteristics. we developed a fast, reliable pcr assay that specifically amplifies a 554-bp segment of the 16s rdna from c. fetus. fifty-two atcc reference strains and 255 bacterial field isolates comprising the genera campylobacter, arcobacter, helicobacter, escherichia, liste ... | 1997 | 9451462 |
| effect of low temperatures on growth, structure, and metabolism of campylobacter coli sp10. | the effect of low temperatures on the survival, structure, and metabolism of campylobacter coli sp10, a virulent strain, was investigated. c. coli became nonculturable rapidly at 20 and 10 degree c and slightly later at 4 degrees c. incubation in a microaerobic atmosphere improved survival, but after day 8, campylobacters were detectable by direct-count procedures only. the increase in the number of coccoid cells was most pronounced at 37 degrees c but also was noticeable at 20 and 10 degrees c. ... | 1998 | 9464397 |
| extended survival and persistence of campylobacter spp. in water and aquatic biofilms and their detection by immunofluorescent-antibody and -rrna staining. | in water microcosm experiments, the survival times of campylobacter isolates differed by up to twofold, as determined by culturing; this difference increased to fourfold when particular combinations of temperature and oxygenation were used. the mean survival times were much longer at 4 and 10 degrees c (202 and 176 h, respectively) than at 22 and 37 degrees c (43 and 22 h, respectively). the influence of anaerobiosis on survival time was less dramatic and differed considerably between isolates. ... | 1998 | 9464415 |
| serotyping scheme for campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli based on direct agglutination of heat-stable antigens. | campylobacter is now the most frequently reported cause of gastrointestinal disease in england and wales, yet few isolates are characterized beyond the genus level. the majority of isolates are campylobacter jejuni (90%), with most of the remainder being campylobacter coli. we describe an adaptation of the penner serotyping scheme in which passive hemagglutination has been replaced by detection of heat-stable antigens by direct bacterial agglutination; absorbed antisera are used where appropriat ... | 1998 | 9466737 |
| [are chicken suspected? apropos of a case with recurrent campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus peritonitis]. | | 1997 | 9499923 |
| a new member of the s-layer protein family: characterization of the crs gene from campylobacter rectus. | strains of the periodontal pathogen campylobacter rectus express a 150- to 166-kda protein on their cell surface. this protein forms a paracrystalline lattice, called the surface layer (s-layer), on the outer membrane of this gram-negative bacterium. to initiate a genetic analysis of the function of the s-layer in the pathogenesis of c. rectus, we have cloned and characterized its gene. the s-layer gene (crs) from c. rectus 314 encodes a cell surface protein which does not have a cleaved signal ... | 1998 | 9529076 |
| development of quinolone-resistant campylobacter fetus bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. | campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus has been recognized as a cause of systemic illness in immunocompromised hosts, including relapsing bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients. acquired resistance to quinolone therapy, while reported for a variety of bacteria, including campylobacter jejuni, has not been previously documented for c. fetus. two cases of quinolone-resistant c. fetus bacteremia were detected in hiv-infected patients. cloning and nucleotide sequencing of t ... | 1998 | 9534967 |
| evidence of genomic instability in campylobacter jejuni isolated from poultry. | poultry isolates of campylobacter jejuni derived from a survey of meat processing batches were genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) of chromosomal dna to establish the clonal relationships between single-colony isolates. in the majority of batches studied, one or two genotype patterns predominated. however, in one batch (batch a), 21 single-colony isolates gave 14 different pfge genotypes. the banding patterns obtained with smai were sufficiently different to distinguish between ... | 1998 | 9572956 |
| immunoglobulin g, plasma cells, and lymphocytes in the murine vagina after vaginal or parenteral immunization with attenuated herpes simplex virus type 2. | this investigation evaluated immunity to vaginal herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection after local or parenteral immunization with attenuated hsv-2. vaginal immunization induced sterilizing immunity against challenge with a high dose of wild-type virus, whereas parenteral immunizations protected against neurologic disease but did not entirely prevent infection of the vagina. vaginal immunization caused 86- and 31-fold increases in the numbers of immunoglobulin g (igg) plasma cells in the ... | 1998 | 9573285 |
| the campylobacter fetus s layer is not essential for initial interaction with hep-2 cells. | in vitro adherence assays were used to determine whether the s layer mediated interactions between campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis strains and hep-2 cells. at multiplicity of infection ratios ranging from 0.1:1 through 100:1, quantitation of bacterial adherence by light microscopy revealed that s layer deficient isogenic c. fetus 809k and c. fetus 810k were not less efficient in their attachment to hep-2 cells; either s layer deficient c. fetus strains interacted with hep-2 cells in greate ... | 1998 | 9606907 |
| lectin-binding sites in uterus and oviduct of normal and campylobacter fetus subspecies venerealis-infected heifers. | this study was carried out to investigate the effect of infection with campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (cfv) on the pattern of lectin binding in the uterus and oviduct of heifers. cfv persistence was demonstrated by bacterial isolation and immunofluorescence. infected animals showed variations in the lectin binding pattern when compared with control animals. cfv-infected heifers showed an increased expression of galactose and n-acetyl-galactosamine in the endometrial glands (pna and sba bi ... | 1998 | 9615192 |
| the caulobacter crescentus paracrystalline s-layer protein is secreted by an abc transporter (type i) secretion apparatus. | caulobacter crescentus is a gram-negative bacterium that produces a two-dimensional crystalline array on its surface composed of a single 98-kda protein, rsaa. secretion of rsaa to the cell surface relies on an uncleaved c-terminal secretion signal. in this report, we identify two genes encoding components of the rsaa secretion apparatus. these components are part of a type i secretion system involving an abc transporter protein. these genes, lying immediately 3' of rsaa, were found by screening ... | 1998 | 9620954 |
| epidemiological typing of campylobacter isolates from meat processing plants by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, fatty acid profile typing, serotyping, and biotyping. | campylobacter spp. are a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis. foods of animal origin, particularly under-cooked poultry, are common sources of campylobacter species associated with disease in humans. a collection of 110 campylobacter jejuni and 31 c. coli human and environmental isolates from different ontario, canada, abattoirs were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, fatty acid profile typing, and biotyping. previously collected serotyping data for the same isolates were also ... | 1998 | 9647797 |
| microtiter assay for detecting campylobacter spp. and helicobacter pylori with surface gangliosides which bind cholera toxin. | campylobacter jejuni with gm1 ganglioside in the core of its lipopolysaccharide has been associated with guillain-barré syndrome. since this epitope may be of considerable pathophysiologic importance and since this ganglioside binds cholera toxin, a rapid screening assay to detect bacteria that bind cholera toxin as an indication of gm1 on their surfaces was developed. in the assay, bacterial lawns were grown on agar plates, harvested with phosphate-buffered saline, boiled, and incubated with a ... | 1998 | 9650959 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 59 strains of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus. | the susceptibilities of 59 campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus isolates to eight antibiotics were studied by the agar dilution, e-test, and disk diffusion methods. none of the isolates were beta-lactamase producers. all were susceptible to ampicillin, gentamicin, imipenem, and meropenem as determined by the three methods, with mics at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited (mic90s) (determined by agar dilution) of 2, 1, < or = 0.06, and 0.12 microgram/ml, respectively. twenty-seven percent of the ... | 1998 | 9661033 |
| campylobacter species and guillain-barré syndrome. | since the eradication of polio in most parts of the world, guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) has become the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis. gbs is an autoimmune disorder of the peripheral nervous system characterized by weakness, usually symmetrical, evolving over a period of several days or more. since laboratories began to isolate campylobacter species from stool specimens some 20 years ago, there have been many reports of gbs following campylobacter infection. only during the past f ... | 1998 | 9665983 |
| associations between heat-stable (o) and heat-labile (hl) serogroup antigens of campylobacter jejuni: evidence for interstrain relationships within three o/hl serovars. | a comparative examination of the heat-stable (o) and heat-labile (hl) serogrouping results for 9,024 sporadic human isolates of campylobacter jejuni revealed conserved associations between specific o and hl antigens (o/hl serovars). forty-nine percent of the isolates which grouped for both o and hl antigens belonged to one of three serovars: o 4 complex/hl 1 (17.9%), o 1/hl 2 (16.8%), or o 50/hl 7 (14.5%). other common serovars were o 2/hl 4 (8.3%), o 6/hl 6 (8.1%), o 53/hl 11 (4.5%), o 19/hl 17 ... | 1998 | 9665996 |
| direct detection of eae-positive bacteria in human and veterinary colorectal specimens by pcr. | a pcr test based on the amplification of an eae-specific sequence was designed and evaluated for its ability to directly detect homologous sequences in enteropathogenic escherichia coli and citrobacter spp. (amplification of eae open reading frame, 178 bp) in sections of the intestines of humans and animals with colonic lesions. positive pcr results were observed with eae-positive reference strains of e. coli and citrobacter rodentium (citrobacter freundii biotype 4280). known eae-negative refer ... | 1998 | 9666014 |
| lipopolysaccharides from campylobacter jejuni o:41 strains associated with guillain-barré syndrome exhibit mimicry of gm1 ganglioside. | three campylobacter jejuni, biotype 2, serotype o:41 strains that were isolated from patients who developed guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and one c. jejuni isolate from a patient who developed enteritis only were examined. the aim of the study was to determine the structure of the core oligosaccharide (os) of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of c. jejuni serotype o:41, a serotype rarely associated with the development of gbs, and to determine if the lps shares similar epitopes with any of the major ... | 1998 | 9673245 |
| the largest subunits of rna polymerase from gastric helicobacters are tethered. | the rpob and rpoc genes of eubacteria and archaea, coding respectively for the beta- and beta'-like subunits of dna-dependent rna polymerase, are organized in an operon with rpob always preceding rpoc. the genome sequence of the gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori (strain 26695) revealed homologs of two genes in one continuous open reading frame that potentially could encode one 2890-amino acid-long beta-beta' fusion protein. here, we show that this open reading frame does in fact encode a fuse ... | 1998 | 9677352 |
| infected abdominal aortic aneurysm caused by campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus: report of a case. | a 45-year old man with fever, abdominal pain, and a pulsating mass underwent an aneurysmectomy, with in situ reconstruction using a bifurcated knitted dacron graft, for a saccular abdominal aortic aneurysm (aaa). a culture taken postoperatively grew campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus. the administration of antibiotics sensitive to this organism was continued for 3 months, and no infection has been encountered in the 1 year since his operation. this is only the 13th documented case of aaa infec ... | 1998 | 9681621 |
| dentilisin activity affects the organization of the outer sheath of treponema denticola. | prolyl-phenylalanine-specific serine protease (dentilisin) is a major extracellular protease produced by treponema denticola. the gene, prtp, coding for the protease was recently cloned and sequenced (k. ishihara, t. miura, h. k. kuramitsu, and k. okuda, infect. immun. 64:5178-5186, 1996). in order to determine the role of this protease in the physiology and virulence of t. denticola, a dentilisin-deficient mutant, k1, was constructed following electroporation with a prtp-inactivated dna fragmen ... | 1998 | 9683480 |
| influence of the secondary cell wall polymer on the reassembly, recrystallization, and stability properties of the s-layer protein from bacillus stearothermophilus pv72/p2. | the high-molecular-weight secondary cell wall polymer (scwp) from bacillus stearothermophilus pv72/p2 is mainly composed of n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) and n-acetylmannosamine (mannac) and is involved in anchoring the s-layer protein via its n-terminal region to the rigid cell wall layer. in addition to this binding function, the scwp was found to inhibit the formation of self-assembly products during dialysis of the guanidine hydrochloride (ghcl)-extracted s-layer protein. the degree of assemb ... | 1998 | 9696762 |
| campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus cellulitis associated with bacteremia in debilitated hosts. | campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus rarely causes celluitis associated with bacteremia in debilitated hosts. we have identified this infection in two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and in one with liver cirrhosis. all three patients had eaten raw beef, liver, or improperly cooked pork before the manifestations of the illness. c. fetus subspecies fetus was recovered from blood and feces from the three patients. this organism was also isolated from a subcutaneous aspirate of the cellu ... | 1998 | 9709871 |
| campylobacter fetus--emerging infection and model system for bacterial pathogenesis at mucosal surfaces. | | 1998 | 9709872 |
| surface structure, hydrophobicity, phagocytosis, and adherence to matrix proteins of bacillus cereus cells with and without the crystalline surface protein layer. | nonopsonic phagocytosis of bacillus cereus by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) with particular attention to bacterial surface properties and structure was studied. two reference strains (atcc 14579(t) and atcc 4342) and two clinical isolates (oh599 and oh600) from periodontal and endodontic infections were assessed for adherence to matrix proteins, such as type i collagen, fibronectin, laminin, and fibrinogen. one-day-old cultures of strains oh599 and oh600 were readily ingested by pmns ... | 1998 | 9746594 |
| cloning of a sapb homologue (sapb2) encoding a putative 112-kda campylobacter fetus s-layer protein and its use for identification and molecular genotyping. | a sap gene encoding a surface layer protein was isolated from a campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus cip 53.96t cosmid library. this sap gene, which shows significant homology with the sapb conserved region, was named sapb2. the complete orf of 3339 nucleotides encodes a 1112-amino acid polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 112 kda. high homology with the sapb gene was found in a region beginning 67 bp before the orf and proceeding 546 bp into the orf. similarly, 98% homology with the sapa2 ... | 1998 | 9752999 |
| physiological activity of campylobacter jejuni far below the minimal growth temperature. | the behavior of campylobacter jejuni at environmental temperatures was examined by determining the physiological activities of this human pathogen. the minimal growth temperatures were found to be 32 and 31 degrees c for strains 104 and atcc 33560, respectively. both strains exhibited a sudden decrease in growth rate from the maximum to zero within a few degrees not only near the maximal growth temperature but also near the minimal growth temperature. this could be an indication that a temperatu ... | 1998 | 9758819 |
| [campylobacter fetus endocarditis manifested by a popliteal mycotic aneurysm]. | campylobacter fetus endocarditis is uncommon and may be life-threatening. | 1998 | 9768000 |
| the s-layer protein from campylobacter rectus: sequence determination and function of the recombinant protein. | the gene encoding the crystalline surface layer (s-layer) protein from campylobacter rectus, designated slp, was sequenced and the recombinant gene product was expressed in escherichia coli. the gene consisted of 4086 nucleotides encoding a protein with 1361 amino acids. the n-terminal amino acid sequence revealed that slp did not contain a signal sequence, but that the initial methionine residue was processed. the deduced amino acid sequence displayed some common characteristic features of s-la ... | 1998 | 9770285 |
| meningitis in adults due to campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus. | | 1998 | 9798059 |
| differentiation of campylobacter jejuni serotype o19 strains from non-o19 strains by pcr. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), a neurologic disease characterized by acute paralysis, is frequently preceded by campylobacter jejuni infection. serotype o19 strains are overrepresented among gbs-associated c. jejuni isolates. we previously showed that all o19 strains tested were closely related to one another by randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses. rapd analysis demonstrated a 1.4-kb band in all o19 strains tested but in no non-o19 stra ... | 1998 | 9817874 |
| rapid emergence of high-level resistance to quinolones in campylobacter jejuni associated with mutational changes in gyra and parc. | quinolone resistance in clinical isolates of campylobacter jejuni in sweden increased more than 20-fold at the beginning of the 1990s. resistance to 125 microgram of ciprofloxacin per ml in clinical isolates was associated with chromosomal mutations in c. jejuni leading to a thr-86-ile substitution in the gyra product and a arg-139-gln substitution in the parc product. | 1998 | 9835526 |
| campylobacter fetus surface layer proteins are transported by a type i secretion system. | the virulence of campylobacter fetus, a bacterial pathogen of ungulates and humans, is mediated in part by the presence of a paracrystalline surface layer (s-layer) that confers serum resistance. the subunits of the s-layer are s-layer proteins (slps) that are secreted in the absence of an n-terminal signal sequence and attach to either type a or b c. fetus lipopolysaccharide in a serospecific manner. antigenic variation of multiple slps (encoded by sapa homologs) of type a strain 23d occurs by ... | 1998 | 9851986 |
| identification of two novel genes encoding 97- to 99-kilodalton outer membrane proteins of chlamydia pneumoniae. | two genes encoding 97- to 99-kda chlamydia pneumoniae vr1310 outer membrane proteins (omp4 and omp5) with mutual similarity were cloned and sequenced. the proteins were shown to be constituents of the c. pneumoniae outer membrane complex, and the deduced amino acid sequences were similar to those of putative outer membrane proteins encoded by the chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia trachomatis gene families. by use of a monospecific polyclonal antibody against purified recombinant omp4, it was show ... | 1999 | 9864239 |
| campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus brain abscess. | | 1998 | 9892545 |
| spontaneous bacterial peritonitis by campylobacter fetus in budd-chiari syndrome without liver cirrhosis. | | 1999 | 9928769 |
| the polar flagellar motor of vibrio cholerae is driven by an na+ motive force. | vibrio cholerae is a highly motile bacterium which possesses a single polar flagellum as a locomotion organelle. motility is thought to be an important factor for the virulence of v. cholerae. the genome sequencing project of this organism is in progress, and the genes that are highly homologous to the essential genes of the na+-driven polar flagellar motor of vibrio alginolyticus were found in the genome database of v. cholerae. the energy source of its flagellar motor was investigated. we exam ... | 1999 | 10074090 |
| evaluation of accuracy and repeatability of identification of food-borne pathogens by automated bacterial identification systems. | the performances of five automated microbial identification systems, relative to that of a reference identification system, for their ability to accurately and repeatedly identify six common food-borne pathogens were assessed. the systems assessed were the microlog system (biolog inc., hayward, calif.), the microbial identification system (mis; midi inc., newark, del.), the vitek system (biomérieux vitek, hazelwood, mo.), the microscan walkaway 40 system (dade-microscan international, west sacra ... | 1999 | 10074506 |
| [campylobacter fetus bacteremia and thrombophlebitis in a patient with waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia]. | we report a 67-year-old male with waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia who developed campylobacter fetus subspesis fetus (c. fetus) bacteremia and thrombophlebitis. the patient developed a fever and pain in his left lower limb, and could not walk because of the pain. radioisotopic venography showed thrombophlebitis in his left lower limb. his blood culture grew c. fetus. after starting intravenous papm/bp, his symptoms resolved promptly. in contrast to campylobacter jejuni which is a common cause of ... | 1999 | 10077907 |
| pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis caused by campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus. a case report. | clinical observation of a patient. | 1999 | 10101824 |
| detection of small numbers of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli cells in environmental water, sewage, and food samples by a seminested pcr assay. | a rapid and sensitive assay was developed for detection of small numbers of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli cells in environmental water, sewage, and food samples. water and sewage samples were filtered, and the filters were enriched overnight in a nonselective medium. the enrichment cultures were prepared for pcr by a rapid and simple procedure consisting of centrifugation, proteinase k treatment, and boiling. a seminested pcr based on specific amplification of the intergenic sequen ... | 1999 | 10103261 |