Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| epidemiology, relative invasive ability, molecular characterization, and competitive performance of campylobacter jejuni strains in the chicken gut. | one hundred forty-one campylobacter jejuni isolates from humans with diarrhea and 100 isolates from retailed poultry meat were differentiated by flaa typing. the bacteria were isolated in a specific geographical area (dunedin) in new zealand over a common time period. twenty nine flaa types were detected, one of which (flaa restriction fragment length polymorphism type 15 [flaa-15]) predominated among isolates from humans ( approximately 30% of isolates). this strain was of low prevalence (5% of ... | 2007 | 17921281 |
| expanding the helicobacter pylori genetic toolbox: modification of an endogenous plasmid for use as a transcriptional reporter and complementation vector. | helicobacter pylori is an important human pathogen. however, the study of this organism is often limited by a relative shortage of genetic tools. in an effort to expand the methods available for genetic study, an endogenous h. pylori plasmid was modified for use as a transcriptional reporter and as a complementation vector. this was accomplished by addition of an escherichia coli origin of replication, a kanamycin resistance cassette, a promoterless gfpmut3 gene, and a functional multiple clonin ... | 2007 | 17921278 |
| campylobacter flagella: not just for motility. | campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are among the major causes of diarrheal disease worldwide. the motility imparted by the polar flagella of these pathogens is required for colonization of the mucus lining of the gastrointestinal tract. however, recent studies have revealed a more complex role for flagella in campylobacter pathogenesis that includes the ability to secrete non-flagellar proteins that modulate virulence and the co-regulation of secreted and non-secreted virulence factors ... | 2007 | 17920274 |
| spontaneous mutation frequency and emergence of ciprofloxacin resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | we analysed the contribution of spontaneous mutation frequency to the evolution of ciprofloxacin resistance and the diversity of mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region (qrdr) of gyra and in the intergenic region, cmer-cmea, of the cmeabc efflux pump in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | 2007 | 17911389 |
| predictive model for inactivation of campylobacter spp. by heat and high hydrostatic pressure. | campylobacter represents one of the leading causes of foodborne enteritis. poultry and its products frequently transmit the pathogen. the objective of the present study was to model predictively the short-term inactivation of campylobacter in a ready-to-eat poultry product to develop an economic high-pressure treatment. we inactivated baroresistant strains of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, grown to stationary phase on nutrient agar and inoculated in poultry meat slurry, by heat and ... | 2007 | 17900078 |
| quantification and differentiation of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in raw chicken meats using a real-time pcr method. | campylobacter species are one of the most common causes of bacterial diarrhea in humans worldwide. the consumption of foods contaminated with two campylobacter species, c. jejuni and c. coli, is usually associated with most of the infections in humans. in this study, a rapid, reliable, and sensitive multiplex real-time quantitative pcr was developed for the simultaneous detection, identification, and quantification of c. jejuni and c. coli. in addition, the developed method was applied to the 50 ... | 2007 | 17900077 |
| prevalence and strain diversity of thermophilic campylobacters in cattle, sheep and swine farms. | to determine prevalence and strain diversity of thermophilic campylobacters in healthy ruminants and swine. | 2007 | 17897201 |
| composite sequence proteomic analysis of protein biomarkers of campylobacter coli, c. lari and c. concisus for bacterial identification. | protein biomarkers observed in the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectra (maldi-tof-ms) of cell lysates of three strains of campylobacter coli, two strains of c. lari and one strain of c. concisus have been identified by 'bottom-up' proteomic techniques. the significant findings are as follows. first, the protein biomarkers identified were: phna-related protein, 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase (dmpi)-related protein, nifu-like protein, cytochrome c, dna-binding pro ... | 2007 | 17893805 |
| multiplex pcr for direct identification of campylobacter spp. in human and chicken stools. | differentiation between campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli is problematic in clinical specimens due to fastidious growth requirements and limited biochemical tests. this study describes a rapid, multiplex pcr protocol for the direct detection and differentiation of c. jejuni and c. coli in stools. an evaluation was carried out of this multiplex protocol based on the detection of cadf (genus specific), and hipo (c. jejuni) and asp (c. coli) genes, using stool from patients with campyloba ... | 2007 | 17893173 |
| fla-dgge analysis of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in cecal samples of broilers without cultivation. | in a commercial broiler flock during rearing multiple genotypes of campylobacter jejuni may be present as well as in gastrointestinal tracts of individual birds. the aim of this study was to optimize and apply a denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis assay of the flagellin gene (fla-dgge) for analysis of c. jejuni and campylobacter coli in cecal samples of broilers without prior cultivation. one c. coli and 21 c. jejuni strains isolated from broiler flocks, of which 14 typed as unique by restri ... | 2008 | 17890022 |
| a possible mechanism of macrolide resistance among multiple resistant campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from thai children during 1991-2000. | a total of 495 campylobacterjejuni and 122 c. coli isolated from thai children were screened for macrolide (erythromycin and azithromycin) resistance by disk diffusion assay. minimum inhibitory concentrations for erythromycin, azithromycin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, streptomycin, gentamicin and chloramphenicol were further determined for these macrolide-resistant campylobacter isolates. presence of known point mutations resulting in reduced susceptibility to macrolides was inv ... | 2007 | 17877226 |
| [acute pancreatitis - association with a campylobacter coli-infection]. | a 37-year-old male presented with intermittent abdominal pain and 9 kg weight loss within 3 weeks. gastroscopy showed no pathological findings, coloscopy showed a colitis limited to the left flexure. histology revealed a sustained infectious enterocolitis. a culture of the patient's stool was positive for campylobacter coli. because of the recurrent abdominal discomfort and weight loss the patient was admitted to the hospital. ultrasound and multislice spiral computed tomography showed an acute ... | 2007 | 17874359 |
| quorum sensing: fact, fiction, and everything in between. | 2007 | 17869606 | |
| [multi-pcr identification and virulence genes detection of campylobacter jejuni isolated from china]. | this study was to simultaneously identify campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates in china by multi-pcr assay and to study the prevalence of six virulence and toxin genes on them. | 2007 | 17850712 |
| campylobacter and bacterial gastroenteritis. | 2007 | 17846438 | |
| acute childhood diarrhoea in northern ghana: epidemiological, clinical and microbiological characteristics. | acute diarrhoea is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in sub-saharan africa. its microbiological causes and clinico-epidemiological aspects were examined during the dry season 2005/6 in tamale, urban northern ghana. | 2007 | 17822541 |
| siderophore-based iron acquisition and pathogen control. | high-affinity iron acquisition is mediated by siderophore-dependent pathways in the majority of pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria and fungi. considerable progress has been made in characterizing and understanding mechanisms of siderophore synthesis, secretion, iron scavenging, and siderophore-delivered iron uptake and its release. the regulation of siderophore pathways reveals multilayer networks at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. due to the key role of many siderophores ... | 2007 | 17804665 |
| development of macrolide-resistant campylobacter in broilers administered subtherapeutic or therapeutic concentrations of tylosin. | the use of antimicrobials in food animal production, particularly those commonly used to treat infections in humans, has become a source of debate in recent years. however, limited data are available regarding the development of resistance following the subtherapeutic or therapeutic administration of antimicrobials in animal production. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the administration of therapeutic and subtherapeutic concentrations of tylosin on the erythromycin susc ... | 2007 | 17803155 |
| high level of antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter jejuni isolated from broiler chickens in estonia in 2005 and 2006. | the development of antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli is a matter of increasing concern. because campylobacteriosis is transmitted to humans usually via food of animal origin, the presence of antimicrobial-resistant campylobacters in broiler chickens has important public health implications. the aim of our study was to analyze resistance patterns of c. jejuni isolated from fecal samples collected at a large estonian chicken farm, from cecal contents collected ... | 2007 | 17803154 |
| a collaborative study on a nordic standard protocol for detection and enumeration of thermotolerant campylobacter in food (nmkl 119, 3. ed., 2007). | a nordic standard protocol for detection and enumeration of thermotolerant campylobacter in food has been elaborated (nmkl 119, 3. ed., 2007). performance and precision characteristics of this protocol were evaluated in a collaborative study with participation of 14 laboratories from seven european countries. the laboratories performed qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative analyses on samples of chicken meat, cut lettuce, and milk artificially inoculated with different concentrations i ... | 2007 | 17761333 |
| microbiological evaluation of the new vitek 2 neisseria-haemophilus identification card. | vitek 2 is an automated identification system for diverse bacterial and fungal species. a new card (the neisseria-haemophilus [nh] card) for the identification of neisseria spp., haemophilus spp., and other fastidious gram-negative or gram-variable microorganisms has been developed, but its performance in a routine clinical laboratory has not yet been evaluated. in this study, a total of 188 bacterial strains belonging to the genera actinobacillus, campylobacter, capnocytophaga, cardiobacterium, ... | 2007 | 17728469 |
| genome dynamics of campylobacter jejuni in response to bacteriophage predation. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of food-borne illness. although a natural reservoir of the pathogen is domestic poultry, the degree of genomic diversity exhibited by the species limits the application of epidemiological methods to trace specific infection sources. bacteriophage predation is a common burden placed upon c. jejuni populations in the avian gut, and we show that amongst c. jejuni that survive bacteriophage predation in broiler chickens are bacteriophage-resistant types that d ... | 2007 | 17722979 |
| antimicrobial resistance of 114 porcine isolates of campylobacter coli. | campylobacter species were isolated from 24 pig farms in 10 different regions of korea, and were assayed with regard to their susceptibility to eight antimicrobial agents. a total of 114 campylobacter isolates from 572 intestinal samples were all identified as c. coli via both classical methods and molecular methods, including 16s rdna sequence analysis and polymerase chain reactions (pcr) using specific primer sets for the hippuricase gene and the aspartokinase gene, designed to differentiate c ... | 2007 | 17716763 |
| prevalence of resistance to 11 antimicrobials among campylobacter coill isolated from pigs on 80 grower-finisher farms in ontario. | we carried out a cross-sectional study to investigate antimicrobial resistance patterns of campylobacter coli isolated from ontario grower-finisher pigs. from january to june 2004, 1200 samples were collected from 80 farms by obtaining a constant number (15) of fecal samples per farm. susceptibility of the isolates to 11 antimicrobial drugs was determined by the agar-dilution technique. the overall prevalence of resistance to 1 or more antimicrobials among the isolates was 99.2%. high levels of ... | 2007 | 17695593 |
| crystal structure of the transcriptional regulator cmer from campylobacter jejuni. | the cmeabc multidrug efflux pump, which belongs to the resistance-nodulation-division (rnd) family, recognizes and extrudes a broad range of antimicrobial agents and is essential for campylobacter jejuni colonization of the animal intestinal tract by mediating the efflux of bile acids. the expression of cmeabc is controlled by the transcriptional regulator cmer, whose open reading frame is located immediately upstream of the cmeabc operon. to understand the structural basis of cmer regulation, w ... | 2007 | 17686491 |
| (e)-methylisoeugenol and elemicin: antibacterial components of daucus carota l. essential oil against campylobacter jejuni. | the essential oil of wild daucus carota l. obtained from aerial parts at the end of the flowering stage (dceo) was reported as antimicrobial against the human enteropathogen campylobacter jejuni. the aim of the present study was to extend this analysis to other campylobacter species and to identify the active compounds of the essential oil, subjected to gc, gc-ms, and (13)c nmr analysis. a minimum inhibitory concentration assay was used to quantify the antimicrobial activity of dceo and the majo ... | 2007 | 17685629 |
| prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in chicken hybrids with different growth rates, reared according to conventional and "free-range" production methods. | 2007 | 17682919 | |
| risk factors for ciprofloxacin resistance in reported campylobacter infections in southern alberta. | we conducted a case-control study examining risk factors for ciprofloxacin resistance in campylobacter infections that were reported in 2004 and 2005 in two health regions in southern alberta. the study questionnaire included questions about recent travel and antibiotic use, food consumption frequency, use of household and personal hygiene products with antibacterial agents, contact with animals, and potential misuse of antibiotics. of the 210 patients who participated, 31.0% had ciprofloxacin-r ... | 2008 | 17678560 |
| risk factors for ciprofloxacin resistance in reported campylobacter infections in southern alberta. | we conducted a case-control study examining risk factors for ciprofloxacin resistance in campylobacter infections that were reported in 2004 and 2005 in two health regions in southern alberta. the study questionnaire included questions about recent travel and antibiotic use, food consumption frequency, use of household and personal hygiene products with antibacterial agents, contact with animals, and potential misuse of antibiotics. of the 210 patients who participated, 31.0% had ciprofloxacin-r ... | 2008 | 17678560 |
| commonality and biosynthesis of the o-methyl phosphoramidate capsule modification in campylobacter jejuni. | in this study we investigated the commonality and biosynthesis of the o-methyl phosphoramidate (meopn) group found on the capsular polysaccharide (cps) of campylobacter jejuni. high resolution magic angle spinning nmr spectroscopy was used as a rapid, high throughput means to examine multiple isolates, analyze the cecal contents of colonized chickens, and screen a library of cps mutants for the presence of meopn. sixty eight percent of c. jejuni strains were found to express the meopn with a hig ... | 2007 | 17675288 |
| development of a real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer pcr to detect arcobacter species. | a real-time pcr targeting the gyrase a subunit gene outside the quinolone resistance-determining region has been developed to detect arcobacter species. the species identification was done by probe hybridization and melting curve analysis, using fluorescence resonance energy transfer technology. discrimination between arcobacter species was straightforward, as the corresponding melting points showed significant differences with the characteristic melting temperatures of 63.5 degrees c, 58.4 degr ... | 2007 | 17652482 |
| sequence variation in the outer membrane protein-encoding gene cmec, conferring multidrug resistance among campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli strains isolated from different hosts. | a novel pcr primer pair was used to detect the presence of cmec in 131 campylobacter jejuni and c. coli strains isolated from various hosts (cattle, turkeys, humans, and pigs). dna sequence analysis revealed a high degree of genetic variation between the two species, while extremely limited genetic variation among isolates of the same species was detected. | 2007 | 17652470 |
| flagellin glycans from two pathovars of pseudomonas syringae contain rhamnose in d and l configurations in different ratios and modified 4-amino-4,6-dideoxyglucose. | flagellins from pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea race 4 and pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605 have been found to be glycosylated. glycosylation of flagellin is essential for bacterial virulence and is also involved in the determination of host specificity. flagellin glycans from both pathovars were characterized, and common sites of glycosylation were identified on six serine residues (positions 143, 164, 176, 183, 193, and 201). the structure of the glycan at serine 201 (s201) of flagellin ... | 2007 | 17644592 |
| the persistence of fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacter in poultry production. | the use of antibiotics in food animal production has been associated with antibiotic-resistant infections in humans. in 2005, the food and drug administration (fda) banned fluoroquinolone use in u.s. poultry production in order to reduce the prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacter. little is known about the potential efficacy of this policy. | 2007 | 17637919 |
| campylobacter succession in broiler chickens. | the competitive ability of campylobacter coli or12 over c. jejuni or1 has been examined in experimental broiler chickens following the observation that c. coli replaced an established c. jejuni intestinal colonisation within commercial chicken flocks reared outdoors [el-shibiny, a., connerton, p.l., connerton, i.f., 2005. enumeration and diversity of campylobacters and bacteriophages isolated during the rearing cycles of free-range and organic chickens. appl. environ. microbiol. 71, 1259-1266]. ... | 2007 | 17628357 |
| [antimicrobial susceptibilities of campylobacter sp strains isolated from humans in 2005 to 2006 in bielsko-biala region, poland]. | campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are frequent causes of bacterial gastroeneritis in humans worldwide. campylobacteriois is usually a self-limiting disease and therapy with antibiotics is required in severe clinical infections. the objective [corrected] of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance of c. jejuni and c. coli isolated from humans with diarrhea during 2005-2006 in bielsko-biala region in poland. the mics of ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, erythromycin, gentamicin a ... | 2007 | 17601030 |
| use of multilocus sequence typing to investigate the association between the presence of campylobacter spp. in broiler drinking water and campylobacter colonization in broilers. | the presence of campylobacters in broiler chickens and throughout the broiler water delivery systems of 12 farms in northeastern scotland was investigated by sensitive enrichment methods and large-volume filtration. campylobacter presence was independent of the water source and whether the water was treated. the genotypes of campylobacter jejuni isolates recovered from chickens and various locations within the water delivery systems were compared by multilocus sequence typing. matching strains i ... | 2007 | 17586665 |
| multilocus sequence typing performed on campylobacter coli isolates from humans, broilers, pigs and cattle originating in denmark. | to assess whether campylobacter coli isolated from different sources in denmark constitute separate populations. | 2007 | 17584467 |
| diagnostic potentials of the activities of lectins with whole cells of three bacterial diarrheagenic agents: aeromonas, plesiomonas, campylobacter. | the reactiviteisofstrains ofplesionmona shigeloides, campylobater jejuni, campylobacter coli and aeromonas species with some lectins namely soyabean agglutinin (sba), ricinus communis agglutinin (rca), peanut agllutinin (pna), cancanavalin-a (con-a), lima bean agglutinin (lma) and abrin were investigated using the microtitre plate method. the results obtained show that all stains of a. hydrophila, a. caviae, a. sobria and p. shigelloides reacted very strongly with pna and sba. all strains of c. ... | 1998 | 17581001 |
| prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter in us dairy cattle. | to obtain an overview of the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter in faeces of us dairy cows in 2002. | 2007 | 17578422 |
| evaluation of different plate media for direct cultivation of campylobacter species from live broilers. | accurate identification and optimal culturing procedures for campylobacter spp. from live broilers are needed for epidemiological studies. because there is no standardized protocol, we designed and conducted studies to evaluate different selective media for the culturing and isolation of campylobacter spp. from cecal and fecal samples obtained from battery-reared and commercial broilers. five media selective for campylobacter were evaluated: campylobacter agar base, campylobacter, campy-line, mo ... | 2007 | 17575175 |
| expression patterns and role of the cadf protein in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | binding of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli to host fibronectin is mediated by the 37 kda outer membrane protein cadf. immunoblot analysis of 58 c. jejuni and c. coli isolates of human and animal origin showed that cadf is expressed in every strain. in most c. jejuni isolates, a 37 kda band (p37) and a less-prominent 32 kda band (p32) reacted with the antibodies. in c. coli isolates, cadf was consistently larger with sizes of 39 kda (p39) and 34 kda (p34), respectively. pcr analysis a ... | 2007 | 17573935 |
| prevalence of campylobacter spp isolated from grower-finisher pigs in ontario. | this study aimed to establish the prevalence of campylobacter spp. in 80 ontario grower-finisher pig herds. ninety-nine percent of the isolates yielded campylobacter, c coli being the most common species detected. control of this microorganism must rely on careful food processing and storage of pork, rather than on an on-farm approach. | 2007 | 17542372 |
| common genomic features of campylobacter jejuni subsp. doylei strains distinguish them from c. jejuni subsp. jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni has been divided into two subspecies: c. jejuni subsp. jejuni (cjj) and c. jejuni subsp. doylei (cjd). nearly all of the c. jejuni strains isolated are cjj; nevertheless, although cjd strains are isolated infrequently, they differ from cjj in two key aspects: they are obtained primarily from human clinical samples and are associated often with bacteremia, in addition to gastroenteritis. in this study, we utilized multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and a dna microarray-based c ... | 2007 | 17535437 |
| heterogeneity of a campylobacter jejuni protein that is secreted through the flagellar filament. | cj0859c, or fspa, is a small, acidic protein of campylobacter jejuni that is expressed by a sigma(28) promoter. analysis of the fspa gene in 41 isolates of c. jejuni revealed two overall variants of the predicted protein, fspa1 and fspa2. secretion of fspa occurs in broth-grown bacteria and requires a minimum flagellar structure. the addition of recombinant fspa2, but not fspa1, to int407 cells in vitro resulted in a rapid induction of apoptosis. these data define a novel c. jejuni virulence fac ... | 2007 | 17517862 |
| development of experimental genetic tools for campylobacter fetus. | molecular analysis of the virulence mechanisms of the emerging pathogen campylobacter fetus has been hampered by the lack of genetic tools. we report the development and functional analysis of escherichia coli-campylobacter shuttle vectors that are appropriate for c. fetus. some vectors were constructed based on the known campylobacter coli plasmid pip1455 replicon, which confers a wide host range in campylobacter spp. versatility in directing gene expression was achieved by introducing a strong ... | 2007 | 17513579 |
| role of the plasmid-encoded tet(o) gene in tetracycline-resistant clinical isolates of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | the prevalence of tetracycline resistance, tetracycline mics and tet(o) gene localization were investigated in 83 campylobacter isolates from patients suffering from acute gastroenteritis in germany. combined biochemical and molecular markers identified 74 isolates (89 %) as campylobacter jejuni, including seven atypical isolates that failed to hydrolyse hippurate, and nine isolates (11 %) as campylobacter coli. tetracycline resistance was detected in six out of nine campylobacter coli isolates ... | 2007 | 17510271 |
| phylogenetic relationships of campylobacter jejuni based on pora sequences. | campylobacter porins are the dominant major outer membrane protein (momp) of these bacteria. they are composed of hypervariable, surface-exposed, peptide loops and membrane-embedded, conserved peptide regions. porins are functionally important and may also be useful for molecular subtyping methods but have not yet been well characterized. we therefore sequenced the pora gene from 39 campylobacter isolates, including multilocus sequence type (mlst) reference strains, isolates from patients with t ... | 2007 | 17496947 |
| development and application of real-time pcr assays for quantification of erm genes conferring resistance to macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramin b in livestock manure and manure management systems. | erythromycin and tylosin are commonly used in animal production, and such use is perceived to contribute to the overall antimicrobial resistance (ar) reservoirs. quantitative measurements of this type of ar reservoir in microbial communities are required to understand ar ecology (e.g., emergence, persistence, and dissemination). we report here the development, validation, and use of six real-time pcr assays for quantifying six classes of erm genes (classes a through c, f, t, and x) that encode t ... | 2007 | 17496134 |
| campylobacter in finnish organic laying hens in autumn 2003 and spring 2004. | a total of 642 fecal samples and 360 table eggs from finnish organic laying hens were collected in autumn 2003 (19 farms) and spring 2004 (17 farms) and studied for the presence of campylobacter. in autumn, 84% of the farms were positive for campylobacter and in spring, 76%. the percentage of positive samples within a flock varied between 5 and 100%. in addition, campylobacter was isolated in a single eggshell sample. campylobacter jejuni was the species isolated most often, although campylobact ... | 2007 | 17495096 |
| survey of campylobacter, salmonella and mycoplasmas in house crows (corvus splendens) in malaysia. | house crows (corvus splendens) in selangor, malaysia were examined for the presence of campylobacter species, salmonella species, mycoplasma gallisepticum and mycoplasma synoviae by serology, culture and pcr. for the detection of campylobacter and salmonella species swabs were taken either from the intestine or cloaca. for the detection of mycoplasmas, swabs were taken either from the choanal cleft or trachea for culture and pcr and serum samples were tested by the rapid serum agglutination (rsa ... | 2007 | 17483380 |
| host-associated genetic import in campylobacter jejuni. | host association of campylobacter jejuni was analyzed by using multilocus sequence typing data for 713 isolates from chickens and bovids (cattle and sheep). commonly used summary measures of genotypes (sequence type and clonal complex) showed poor accuracy, but a method using the full allelic profile showed 80% accuracy in distinguishing isolates from these 2 host groups. we explored the biologic basis of more accurate results with allelic profiles. strains isolated from specific hosts have impo ... | 2007 | 17479890 |
| campylobacter antimicrobial drug resistance among humans, broiler chickens, and pigs, france. | we describe isolates from human campylobacter infection in the french population and the isolates' antimicrobial drug resistance patterns since 1986 and compare the trends with those of isolates from broiler chickens and pigs from 1999 through 2004. among 5,685 human campylobacter isolates, 76.2% were c. jejuni, 17.2% c. coli, and 5.0% c. fetus. resistance to nalidixic acid increased from 8.2% in 1990 to 26.3% in 2004 (p < 10(-3)), and resistance to ampicillin was high over time. nalidixic acid ... | 2007 | 17479889 |
| relapsing campylobacter coli bacteremia with reactive arthritis in a patient with x-linked agammaglobulinemia. | a patient genetically diagnosed with x-linked agammaglobulinemia repeatedly developed bacteremia due to campylobacter coli (c. coli) for one year and seven months in spite of immunoglobulin replacement therapy. throughout the clinical course, c. coli with identical genetic patterns was repeatedly isolated from both blood and stool cultures, thus indicating that the patient had latent intestinal infection. the bacteremia was always accompanied by reactive arthritis. since the immunoglobulin level ... | 2007 | 17473499 |
| campylobacter jejuni colonization and transmission in broiler chickens: a modelling perspective. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common causes of acute enteritis in the developed world. the consumption of contaminated poultry, where c. jejuni is believed to be a commensal organism, is a major risk factor. however, the dynamics of this colonization process in commercially reared chickens is still poorly understood. quantification of these dynamics of infection at an individual level is vital to understand transmission within populations and formulate new control strategies. there are ... | 2007 | 17472905 |
| use of suppression subtractive hybridisation to extend our knowledge of genome diversity in campylobacter jejuni. | previous studies have sought to identify a link between the distribution of variable genes amongst isolates of campylobacter jejuni and particular host preferences. the genomic sequence data available currently was obtained using only isolates from human or chicken hosts. in order to identify variable genes present in isolates from alternative host species, five subtractions between c. jejuni isolates from different sources (rabbit, cattle, wild bird) were carried out, designed to assess genomic ... | 2007 | 17470265 |
| the flik protein and flagellar hook-length control. | the bacterial flagellum is a highly complex prokaryotic organelle. it is the motor that drives bacterial motility, and despite the large amount of energy required to make and operate flagella, motile organisms have a strong adaptive advantage. flagellar biogenesis is both complex and highly coordinated and it typically involves at least three two-component systems. part of the flagellum is a type iii secretion system, and it is via this structure that flagellar components are exported. the assem ... | 2007 | 17456739 |
| detection by pcr of eight groups of enteric pathogens in 4,627 faecal samples: re-examination of the english case-control infectious intestinal disease study (1993-1996). | the english case-control infectious intestinal disease study (1993-1996) failed to detect an enteric pathogen or toxin in 49% of cases of gastroenteritis. in the present study, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays were applied to dna and cdna generated from 4,627 faecal samples from cases and controls archived during the original study for the detection of norovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, campylobacter spp., salmonella spp., enteroaggregative escherichia coli, cryptosporidium spp., and giardia ... | 2007 | 17447091 |
| genome sequence of a clinical isolate of campylobacter jejuni from thailand. | campylobacter jejuni cg8486, which belongs to the hs4 complex, was isolated from a patient with inflammatory diarrhea in thailand. this strain caused a diarrheal disease in ferrets comparable to that caused by c. jejuni strain 81-176, but it was much less invasive for epithelial cells in vitro than 81-176. complete genome sequencing of cg8486 revealed a 1.65-mb genome that was very similar to the other two published genomes of clinical isolates of c. jejuni, the genomes of 81-176 and nctc 11168, ... | 2007 | 17438034 |
| prevalence of salmonella and campylobacter contamination in manitoba swine carcasses. | muscle samples from the neck and diaphragm and fecal samples were collected from five hogs from each of 50 lots of market hogs at three manitoba abattoirs. environmental samples were also collected. each sample was tested for salmonella contamination, and tissue and fecal samples were tested for campylobacter.salmonella was isolated from 34 (4.1%) of 821 samples, with 17 of the isolates coming from one lot of hogs and their concurrent environment. campylobacter was isolated from 175 (26.3%) of 6 ... | 1986 | 17422650 |
| vibrionic dysentery in swine in ontario-part ii: morphological, biochemical and serological characteristics of vibrio coli. | 1962 | 17421518 | |
| genetic characterisation of the cjaab operon of campylobacter coli. | we investigated the regulation of the cjaa and cjab genes of campylobacter coli. these genes are seemingly arranged into one operon but appear to encode functionally different proteins i.e. an extracytoplasmic solute receptor and a mhs - metabolite: h+ symporter transport protein. analysis of various transcriptional cjaa and/or cjab lacz fusion constructs revealed that both genes are arranged in an operon. race analysis located the transcription start site of the cjaab operon 46 bp upstream of t ... | 2006 | 17419285 |
| detection and genotyping of arcobacter and campylobacter isolates from retail chicken samples by use of dna oligonucleotide arrays. | to explore the use of dna microarrays for pathogen detection in food, we produced dna oligonucleotide arrays to simultaneously determine the presence of arcobacter and the presence of campylobacter in retail chicken samples. probes were selected that target housekeeping and virulence-associated genes in both arcobacter butzleri and thermotolerant campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. these microarrays showed a high level of probe specificity; the signal intensities detected for a. butzler ... | 2007 | 17416693 |
| characterization of a novel bifunctional dihydropteroate synthase/dihydropteroate reductase enzyme from helicobacter pylori. | tetrahydrofolate is a ubiquitous c(1) carrier in many biosynthetic pathways in bacteria, importantly, in the biosynthesis of formylmethionyl trna(fmet), which is essential for the initiation of translation. the final step in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrofolate is carried out by the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr). a search of the complete genome sequence of helicobacter pylori failed to reveal any sequence that encodes dhfr. previous studies demonstrated that the h. pylori dihydropteroate ... | 2007 | 17416665 |
| high-resolution dna melt curve analysis of the clustered, regularly interspaced short-palindromic-repeat locus of campylobacter jejuni. | a novel method for genotyping the clustered, regularly interspaced short-palindromic-repeat (crispr) locus of campylobacter jejuni is described. following real-time pcr, crispr products were subjected to high-resolution melt (hrm) analysis, a new technology that allows precise melt profile determination of amplicons. this investigation shows that the crispr hrm assay provides a powerful addition to existing c. jejuni genotyping methods and emphasizes the potential of hrm for genotyping short seq ... | 2007 | 17400785 |
| thermophilic campylobacter spp. in salad vegetables in malaysia. | the main aim of this study was to combine the techniques of most probable number (mpn) and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for quantifying the prevalence and numbers of campylobacter spp. in ulam, a popular malaysian salad dish, from a traditional wet market and two modern supermarkets in selangor, malaysia. a total of 309 samples of raw vegetables which are used in ulam were examined in the study. the prevalences of campylobacters in raw vegetables were, for supermarket i, campylobacter spp., 5 ... | 2007 | 17399832 |
| detection and identification of bacterial enteropathogens by polymerase chain reaction and conventional techniques in childhood acute gastroenteritis in gaza, palestine. | acute gastroenteritis and diarrhea are common and costly problems that cause significant morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. in palestine, diarrhea is one of the major causes of outpatient visits and hospitalizations. | 2007 | 17398132 |
| detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in chicken meat samples by real-time nucleic acid sequence-based amplification with molecular beacons. | a nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (nasba) assay based on molecular beacons was used for real-time detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in samples of chicken meat. a set of specific primers and beacon probe were designed to target the 16s rrna of both species. the real-time nasba protocol including the rna isolation was valid for both of the cell suspensions in buffered saline and the artificially contaminated chicken meat samples. the presence of rrna could be corre ... | 2007 | 17395329 |
| antibiotic resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from poultry in the south-east queensland region. | the aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of 125 campylobacter jejuni and 27 campylobacter coli isolates from 39 queensland broiler farms. | 2007 | 17392353 |
| helicobacter pylori is invasive and it may be a facultative intracellular organism. | the pathogenicity of many bacteria colonizing the gastrointestinal tract often depends on their ability to gain access to cells that are normally non-phagocytic. helicobacter pylori colonizes the stomach of over half the world population and is the main cause of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. it is generally considered to be a non-invasive pathogen present only in the lumen of the stomach and attached to gastric epithelial cells although a number of in vivo and in vitro studies have de ... | 2007 | 17388791 |
| prevalence, numbers, and subtypes of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in uncooked retail meat samples. | a national quantitative survey of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in 1,011 uncooked retail meat samples (beef, unweaned veal, chicken, lamb and mutton, and pork) was undertaken from august 2003 to june 2004 to establish baseline proportionality data. the presence, number, and type of campylobacter present in each sample was assessed. prevalences of c. jejuni and c. coli were 89.1% in chicken, 9.1% in pork, 6.9% in lamb and mutton, 3.5% in beef, and 10% in unweaned veal. c. jejuni was ... | 2007 | 17388043 |
| a genotyping investigation of the colonization of piglets by campylobacter coli in the first 10 weeks of life. | to examine the campylobacter genotypes colonizing a litter of piglets during the first 10 weeks of life and compare them with those of the sow. | 2007 | 17381734 |
| a helicobacter hepaticus catalase mutant is hypersensitive to oxidative stress and suffers increased dna damage. | catalase (kata) is known to play an important role in oxidative stress resistance in many bacterial species and a homologue exists in helicobacter hepaticus, a member of the enterohepatic helicobacter species. here, a kata mutant was constructed by insertional mutagenesis and its oxidative stress phenotype was investigated. catalase activity was readily detected [196 units (mg protein crude cell extract)(-1)] in the wild-type, whereas the mutant strain was deficient in, but not devoid of, activi ... | 2007 | 17374900 |
| targeted metabolomics analysis of campylobacter coli vc167 reveals legionaminic acid derivatives as novel flagellar glycans. | glycosylation of campylobacter flagellin is required for the biogenesis of a functional flagella filament. recently, we used a targeted metabolomics approach using mass spectrometry and nmr to identify changes in the metabolic profile of wild type and mutants in the flagellar glycosylation locus, characterize novel metabolites, and assign function to genes to define the pseudaminic acid biosynthetic pathway in campylobacter jejuni 81-176 (mcnally, d. j., hui, j. p., aubry, a. j., mui, k. k., gue ... | 2007 | 17371878 |
| characterization of genetically matched isolates of campylobacter jejuni reveals that mutations in genes involved in flagellar biosynthesis alter the organism's virulence potential. | phenotypic and genotypic evidence suggests that not all campylobacter jejuni isolates are pathogenic for humans. we hypothesized that differences in gene content or gene expression alter the degree of pathogenicity of c. jejuni isolates. a c. jejuni isolate (turkey) recovered from a turkey and a second c. jejuni isolate (cs) recovered from a chicken differed in their degrees of in vitro and in vivo virulence. the c. jejuni turkey isolate invaded int 407 human epithelial cells and secreted the ci ... | 2007 | 17369342 |
| prevalence of campylobacter spp. in cattle in finland and antimicrobial susceptibilities of bovine campylobacter jejuni strains. | the study investigated the prevalence of campylobacter spp. in finnish cattle at slaughter and carcass contamination after slaughter. during the period january to december 2003, bovine rectal fecal samples (n=952) and carcass surface samples (n=948) from 12 out of 15 finnish slaughterhouses were examined. in total, campylobacters were detected in 31.1% of fecal samples and in 3.5% of carcass surface samples. campylobacter jejuni was isolated from 19.5%, campylobacter coli from 2.2%, and presumpt ... | 2007 | 17369335 |
| campylobacter reactive arthritis: a systematic review. | to review the literature on the epidemiology of campylobacter-associated reactive arthritis (rea). | 2007 | 17360026 |
| distribution and genetic variability among campylobacter spp. isolates from different animal species and humans in switzerland. | in switzerland, a national database with 1028 campylobacter isolates from poultry, pigs, cats, dogs, cattle, humans, zoo animals and water has been created. the database contains the genetic fingerprint and background information of each campylobacter isolate. dominant species could be identified in the different sources with a majority of campylobacter jejuni in poultry (73%), humans (79%), cattle (95%), zoo animals (40%) and water (100%), of campylobacter coli in pigs (72%), and of campylobact ... | 2007 | 17359440 |
| effect of macrolide usage on emergence of erythromycin-resistant campylobacter isolates in chickens. | in this work we conducted both in vitro and in vivo experiments to examine the development and mechanisms of erythromycin (ery) resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. in vitro plating revealed that both campylobacter species had similar but low spontaneous mutation frequencies (3 x 10(-9) to <5.41 x 10(-10)) for ery resistance. chickens infected with c. jejuni or c. coli were subjected to single or multiple treatments with medicated water containing tylosin (0.53 g/liter), wh ... | 2007 | 17353243 |
| comparative analysis of cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) genes among campylobacter jejuni, c. coli and c. fetus strains. | the cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) gene clusters of campylobacter coli strain co1-243 and c. fetus strain col-187 were cloned and sequenced to understand the importance of cdt as a virulence factor. the cdt genes of c. coli and c. fetus consist of three closely linked genes termed cdta, cdtb, cdtc whose sizes are 774, 801, and 570 bp, and 702, 798, and 546 bp, respectively. the homologies of each subunit of cdt genes between c. jejuni and c. coli, c. jejuni and c. fetus, or c. coli and c. fet ... | 2007 | 17353111 |
| comparison of the localization and post-translational modification of campylobacter coli cjac and its homolog from campylobacter jejuni, cj0734c/hisj. | campylobacter is an asaccharolytic microorganism which uses amino acids as a source of carbon and energy. cjac/hisj is a ligand-binding protein, a component of the abc transport system. campylobacter cjac/hisj is post-translationally modified by glycosylation. the number of glycosylation motifs present in the cjac protein is species-specific. c. coli cjac has two and c. jejuni one motif (e/dxnys/t) which serves as a glycan acceptor. although the two c. coli cjac motifs have identical amino-acid ... | 2007 | 17351673 |
| novel campylobacter isolation method using hydrophobic grid membrane filter and semisolid medium. | culture procedures for isolation of thermophilic campylobacters from food matrices are complex, labor intensive, and time-consuming. most available methods include the use of antibiotics as selective agents to prevent the growth of competing microflora. a simple procedure for isolation of thermophilic campylobacters after enrichment in rosef's enrichment broth was developed using a hydrophobic grid membrane filter (hgmf) on semisolid medium (ssm). ssm contains no antibiotics, and the hgmf physic ... | 2007 | 17340869 |
| antisense rna modulation of alkyl hydroperoxide reductase levels in helicobacter pylori correlates with organic peroxide toxicity but not infectivity. | much of the gene content of the human gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori ( approximately 1.7-mb genome) is considered essential. this view is based on the completeness of metabolic pathways, infrequency of nutritional auxotrophies, and paucity of pathway redundancies typically found in bacteria with larger genomes. thus, genetic analysis of gene function is often hampered by lethality. in the absence of controllable promoters, often used to titrate gene function, we investigated the feasibilit ... | 2007 | 17337572 |
| kinetics of the human antibody response against salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis and typhimurium determined by lipopolysaccharide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | two indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) were employed to measure levels of immunoglobulin g (igg), igm, and iga antibodies against salmonella in sera from 303 danish patients diagnosed by fecal culture with either salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis or salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infections. the elisas were based on serovar enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (lps) and serovar typhimurium lps. the antibody levels were assessed approximately 1, 3, 6, and 12 months afte ... | 2007 | 17329442 |
| identification of genomic differences between campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni and c. jejuni subsp. doylei at the nap locus leads to the development of a c. jejuni subspeciation multiplex pcr method. | the human bacterial pathogen campylobacter jejuni contains two subspecies: c. jejuni subsp. jejuni (cjj) and c. jejuni subsp. doylei (cjd). although cjd strains are isolated infrequently in many parts of the world, they are obtained primarily from human clinical samples and result in an unusual clinical symptomatology in that, in addition to gastroenteritis, they are associated often with bacteremia. in this study, we describe a novel multiplex pcr method, based on the nitrate reductase (nap) lo ... | 2007 | 17328805 |
| a phylogenomic analysis of the actinomycetales mce operons. | the genome of mycobacterium tuberculosis harbors four copies of a cluster of genes termed mce operons. despite extensive research that has demonstrated the importance of these operons on infection outcome, their physiological function remains obscure. expanding databases of complete microbial genome sequences facilitate a comparative genomic approach that can provide valuable insight into the role of uncharacterized proteins. | 2007 | 17324287 |
| peptide transport in helicobacter pylori: roles of dpp and opp systems and evidence for additional peptide transporters. | despite research into the nutritional requirements of helicobacter pylori, little is known regarding its use of complex substrates, such as peptides. analysis of genome sequences revealed putative abc-type transporter genes for dipeptide (dppabcdf) and oligopeptide (oppabcd) transport. genes from each system were pcr amplified, cloned, and disrupted by cassette insertion either individually (dppa, dppb, dppc, oppa, oppb, and oppc) or to create double mutants (dppa oppa, dppb oppb, dppb dppc, and ... | 2007 | 17322309 |
| dissemination of antimicrobial resistant strains of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni among cattle in washington state and california. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic similarity of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli with similar antimicrobial resistance phenotypes, isolated from cattle on different farms and at different times, in order to evaluate the possible existence of disseminated antimicrobial resistant clones. pfge after smai and kpni restriction identified 23 and 16 distinct pfge patterns among 29 c. jejuni and 66 c. coli isolates, respectively. in c. coli, 51 (77%) of the resistant is ... | 2007 | 17321701 |
| emerging fluoroquinolone and macrolide resistance of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates and their serotypes in thai children from 1991 to 2000. | this study investigated fluoroquinolone, macrolide resistances and serotype distributions among campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from children in bangkok and rural settings during 1991-2000. phenotypic identification, serotyping, and susceptibility testing were performed by standard microbiological procedures. the predominant serotypes of c. jejuni were lior 36, 2 and 4 and of c. coli were lior 8, 29 and 55. resistance to nalidixic acid increased significantly during 1991-200 ... | 2007 | 17306054 |
| antimicrobial resistance of arcobacter and campylobacter from broiler carcasses. | the antimicrobial resistance of arcobacter (n=174) and campylobacter (n=215) isolated from broiler carcasses in a us poultry processing plant was examined. for arcobacter, 93.7% (n=163) were resistant to one or more antimicrobials and 71.8% (n=125) were resistant to two or more antimicrobials. for campylobacter, 99.5% (n=214) were resistant to one or more antimicrobials and 28.4% (n=61) were resistant to two or more antimicrobials. arcobacter butzleri isolates were particularly resistant to clin ... | 2007 | 17303391 |
| evaluating antibiotics for use in medicine using a poloxamer biofilm model. | wound infections, due to biofilms, are a constant problem because of their recalcitrant nature towards antibiotics. appropriate antibiotic selection for the treatment of these biofilm infections is important. the traditional in vitro disc diffusion method for antibiotic selection uses bacterial cultures grown on agar plates. however, the form of bacterial growth on agar is not representative of how bacteria grow in wounds and other tissue sites as here bacteria grow naturally in a biofilm. the a ... | 2007 | 17302978 |
| evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay-based stool antigen test to detect campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | an enzyme immunoassay-based antigen test (ridascreen campylobacter; r-biopharm, darmstadt, germany) was evaluated for the detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in 1050 clinical stool samples as compared with culture on selective medium. after routine inoculation for salmonella, shigella, yersinia, aeromonas, plesiomonas, and campylobacter, the same swab specimens were used for the antigen test. the positivity rate for campylobacter was 9.3% in culture, and the antigen test gav ... | 2007 | 17300899 |
| clonal population structure and specific genotypes of multidrug-resistant campylobacter coli from turkeys. | commercial turkey flocks in north carolina have been found to be colonized frequently with campylobacter coli strains that are resistant to several antimicrobials (tetracycline, streptomycin, erythromycin, kanamycin, and ciprofloxacin/nalidixic acid). such strains have been designated multidrug resistant (mdr). however, the population structure of mdr c. coli from turkeys remains poorly characterized. in this study, an analysis of multilocus sequence typing (mlst)-based sequence types (sts) of 5 ... | 2007 | 17293500 |
| succession in the intestinal microbiota of preadolescent turkeys. | in the present study, automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (arisa), library sequence analysis, real-time pcr detection of bacteroides uniformis and campylobacter coli and dot-blot hybridizations of clostridiaceae were used to identify trends in microbial colonization of the ceca of male turkeys. two separate trials were performed with six and five birds, respectively. arisa community profiles identified a period of community transition at week 12 of age in both trials. a significant in ... | 2007 | 17284250 |
| identification of putative zinc hydrolase genes of the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily from campylobacter jejuni. | dna fragments encoding two putative zinc-dependent hydrolases, designated glx2-1 and glx2-2, from a clinical isolate of campylobacter jejuni, strain 012, were cloned and sequenced. glx2-1 was encoded by a sequence of 798 bp and glx2-2 by a sequence of 597 bp. the amino acid sequences deduced from c. jejuni dna showed 99% and 100% identity, respectively, to putative zinc hydrolases reported from c. jejuni atcc strain 11168, and also shared identity (28-43%) with several hypothetical conserved pro ... | 2007 | 17266723 |
| comparison of disk diffusion and agar dilution methods for erythromycin and ciprofloxacin susceptibility testing of campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni. | disk diffusion was a reliable, easy, and inexpensive method for testing the susceptibility of campylobacter jejuni to erythromycin (215 susceptible and 45 resistant isolates) and to ciprofloxacin (154 susceptible, two intermediate, and 124 resistant isolates) using, respectively, an erythromycin disk and ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid disks. | 2007 | 17261628 |
| characterization of campylobacter jejuni biofilms under defined growth conditions. | campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of human diarrheal disease in many industrialized countries and is a source of public health and economic burden. c. jejuni, present as normal flora in the intestinal tract of commercial broiler chickens and other livestock, is probably the main source of human infections. the presence of c. jejuni in biofilms found in animal production watering systems may play a role in the colonization of these animals. we have determined that c. jejuni can form biofilms ... | 2007 | 17259368 |
| campylobacter coli isolates derived from chickens in senegal: diversity, genetic exchange with campylobacter jejuni and quinolone resistance. | we used the multilocus sequence typing (mlst) method to study the genetic diversity of campylobacter coli isolated from chickens in senegal, and to check the presence of genetic exchange with campylobacter jejuni. in addition, we assessed the resistance of the isolates to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid, and their gyra sequences. mlst revealed a low level of diversity and the absence of lineages among c. coli isolates. in addition, an exchange of alleles with c. jejuni was found. twenty percent ... | 2007 | 17258435 |
| relationships between bacterial genotypes and in vitro virulence properties of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from turkeys. | campylobacter isolates from turkeys were genotyped and characterized by their in vitro virulence properties. relationships between bacterial genotypes and virulence properties were analysed. | 2007 | 17241349 |
| survey of chicken abattoir for the presence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | the genus campylobacter is of great importance to public health because it includes several species that may cause diarrhea. these species may be found in water, food and in the intestinal tract of chickens. this study investigated the presence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in chicken abattoirs in são paulo state, brazil. a total of 288 samples of feces, feathers, scald water, evisceration water, chiller water, and the rinse water of eviscerated, not eviscerated and chilled carc ... | 2006 | 17221125 |