Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| effect of macrolide usage on emergence of erythromycin-resistant campylobacter isolates in chickens. | in this work we conducted both in vitro and in vivo experiments to examine the development and mechanisms of erythromycin (ery) resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. in vitro plating revealed that both campylobacter species had similar but low spontaneous mutation frequencies (3 x 10(-9) to <5.41 x 10(-10)) for ery resistance. chickens infected with c. jejuni or c. coli were subjected to single or multiple treatments with medicated water containing tylosin (0.53 g/liter), wh ... | 2007 | 17353243 |
| targeted metabolomics analysis of campylobacter coli vc167 reveals legionaminic acid derivatives as novel flagellar glycans. | glycosylation of campylobacter flagellin is required for the biogenesis of a functional flagella filament. recently, we used a targeted metabolomics approach using mass spectrometry and nmr to identify changes in the metabolic profile of wild type and mutants in the flagellar glycosylation locus, characterize novel metabolites, and assign function to genes to define the pseudaminic acid biosynthetic pathway in campylobacter jejuni 81-176 (mcnally, d. j., hui, j. p., aubry, a. j., mui, k. k., gue ... | 2007 | 17371878 |
| a helicobacter hepaticus catalase mutant is hypersensitive to oxidative stress and suffers increased dna damage. | catalase (kata) is known to play an important role in oxidative stress resistance in many bacterial species and a homologue exists in helicobacter hepaticus, a member of the enterohepatic helicobacter species. here, a kata mutant was constructed by insertional mutagenesis and its oxidative stress phenotype was investigated. catalase activity was readily detected [196 units (mg protein crude cell extract)(-1)] in the wild-type, whereas the mutant strain was deficient in, but not devoid of, activi ... | 2007 | 17374900 |
| a genotyping investigation of the colonization of piglets by campylobacter coli in the first 10 weeks of life. | to examine the campylobacter genotypes colonizing a litter of piglets during the first 10 weeks of life and compare them with those of the sow. | 2007 | 17381734 |
| distribution and genetic variability among campylobacter spp. isolates from different animal species and humans in switzerland. | in switzerland, a national database with 1028 campylobacter isolates from poultry, pigs, cats, dogs, cattle, humans, zoo animals and water has been created. the database contains the genetic fingerprint and background information of each campylobacter isolate. dominant species could be identified in the different sources with a majority of campylobacter jejuni in poultry (73%), humans (79%), cattle (95%), zoo animals (40%) and water (100%), of campylobacter coli in pigs (72%), and of campylobact ... | 2007 | 17359440 |
| prevalence, numbers, and subtypes of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in uncooked retail meat samples. | a national quantitative survey of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in 1,011 uncooked retail meat samples (beef, unweaned veal, chicken, lamb and mutton, and pork) was undertaken from august 2003 to june 2004 to establish baseline proportionality data. the presence, number, and type of campylobacter present in each sample was assessed. prevalences of c. jejuni and c. coli were 89.1% in chicken, 9.1% in pork, 6.9% in lamb and mutton, 3.5% in beef, and 10% in unweaned veal. c. jejuni was ... | 2007 | 17388043 |
| helicobacter pylori is invasive and it may be a facultative intracellular organism. | the pathogenicity of many bacteria colonizing the gastrointestinal tract often depends on their ability to gain access to cells that are normally non-phagocytic. helicobacter pylori colonizes the stomach of over half the world population and is the main cause of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. it is generally considered to be a non-invasive pathogen present only in the lumen of the stomach and attached to gastric epithelial cells although a number of in vivo and in vitro studies have de ... | 2007 | 17388791 |
| genome sequence of a clinical isolate of campylobacter jejuni from thailand. | campylobacter jejuni cg8486, which belongs to the hs4 complex, was isolated from a patient with inflammatory diarrhea in thailand. this strain caused a diarrheal disease in ferrets comparable to that caused by c. jejuni strain 81-176, but it was much less invasive for epithelial cells in vitro than 81-176. complete genome sequencing of cg8486 revealed a 1.65-mb genome that was very similar to the other two published genomes of clinical isolates of c. jejuni, the genomes of 81-176 and nctc 11168, ... | 2007 | 17438034 |
| detection by pcr of eight groups of enteric pathogens in 4,627 faecal samples: re-examination of the english case-control infectious intestinal disease study (1993-1996). | the english case-control infectious intestinal disease study (1993-1996) failed to detect an enteric pathogen or toxin in 49% of cases of gastroenteritis. in the present study, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays were applied to dna and cdna generated from 4,627 faecal samples from cases and controls archived during the original study for the detection of norovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, campylobacter spp., salmonella spp., enteroaggregative escherichia coli, cryptosporidium spp., and giardia ... | 2007 | 17447091 |
| use of suppression subtractive hybridisation to extend our knowledge of genome diversity in campylobacter jejuni. | previous studies have sought to identify a link between the distribution of variable genes amongst isolates of campylobacter jejuni and particular host preferences. the genomic sequence data available currently was obtained using only isolates from human or chicken hosts. in order to identify variable genes present in isolates from alternative host species, five subtractions between c. jejuni isolates from different sources (rabbit, cattle, wild bird) were carried out, designed to assess genomic ... | 2007 | 17470265 |
| campylobacter jejuni colonization and transmission in broiler chickens: a modelling perspective. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common causes of acute enteritis in the developed world. the consumption of contaminated poultry, where c. jejuni is believed to be a commensal organism, is a major risk factor. however, the dynamics of this colonization process in commercially reared chickens is still poorly understood. quantification of these dynamics of infection at an individual level is vital to understand transmission within populations and formulate new control strategies. there are ... | 2007 | 17472905 |
| high-resolution dna melt curve analysis of the clustered, regularly interspaced short-palindromic-repeat locus of campylobacter jejuni. | a novel method for genotyping the clustered, regularly interspaced short-palindromic-repeat (crispr) locus of campylobacter jejuni is described. following real-time pcr, crispr products were subjected to high-resolution melt (hrm) analysis, a new technology that allows precise melt profile determination of amplicons. this investigation shows that the crispr hrm assay provides a powerful addition to existing c. jejuni genotyping methods and emphasizes the potential of hrm for genotyping short seq ... | 2007 | 17400785 |
| survey of campylobacter, salmonella and mycoplasmas in house crows (corvus splendens) in malaysia. | house crows (corvus splendens) in selangor, malaysia were examined for the presence of campylobacter species, salmonella species, mycoplasma gallisepticum and mycoplasma synoviae by serology, culture and pcr. for the detection of campylobacter and salmonella species swabs were taken either from the intestine or cloaca. for the detection of mycoplasmas, swabs were taken either from the choanal cleft or trachea for culture and pcr and serum samples were tested by the rapid serum agglutination (rsa ... | 2007 | 17483380 |
| campylobacter in finnish organic laying hens in autumn 2003 and spring 2004. | a total of 642 fecal samples and 360 table eggs from finnish organic laying hens were collected in autumn 2003 (19 farms) and spring 2004 (17 farms) and studied for the presence of campylobacter. in autumn, 84% of the farms were positive for campylobacter and in spring, 76%. the percentage of positive samples within a flock varied between 5 and 100%. in addition, campylobacter was isolated in a single eggshell sample. campylobacter jejuni was the species isolated most often, although campylobact ... | 2007 | 17495096 |
| development and application of real-time pcr assays for quantification of erm genes conferring resistance to macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramin b in livestock manure and manure management systems. | erythromycin and tylosin are commonly used in animal production, and such use is perceived to contribute to the overall antimicrobial resistance (ar) reservoirs. quantitative measurements of this type of ar reservoir in microbial communities are required to understand ar ecology (e.g., emergence, persistence, and dissemination). we report here the development, validation, and use of six real-time pcr assays for quantifying six classes of erm genes (classes a through c, f, t, and x) that encode t ... | 2007 | 17496134 |
| phylogenetic relationships of campylobacter jejuni based on pora sequences. | campylobacter porins are the dominant major outer membrane protein (momp) of these bacteria. they are composed of hypervariable, surface-exposed, peptide loops and membrane-embedded, conserved peptide regions. porins are functionally important and may also be useful for molecular subtyping methods but have not yet been well characterized. we therefore sequenced the pora gene from 39 campylobacter isolates, including multilocus sequence type (mlst) reference strains, isolates from patients with t ... | 2007 | 17496947 |
| host-associated genetic import in campylobacter jejuni. | host association of campylobacter jejuni was analyzed by using multilocus sequence typing data for 713 isolates from chickens and bovids (cattle and sheep). commonly used summary measures of genotypes (sequence type and clonal complex) showed poor accuracy, but a method using the full allelic profile showed 80% accuracy in distinguishing isolates from these 2 host groups. we explored the biologic basis of more accurate results with allelic profiles. strains isolated from specific hosts have impo ... | 2007 | 17479890 |
| expression patterns and role of the cadf protein in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | binding of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli to host fibronectin is mediated by the 37 kda outer membrane protein cadf. immunoblot analysis of 58 c. jejuni and c. coli isolates of human and animal origin showed that cadf is expressed in every strain. in most c. jejuni isolates, a 37 kda band (p37) and a less-prominent 32 kda band (p32) reacted with the antibodies. in c. coli isolates, cadf was consistently larger with sizes of 39 kda (p39) and 34 kda (p34), respectively. pcr analysis a ... | 2007 | 17573935 |
| role of the plasmid-encoded tet(o) gene in tetracycline-resistant clinical isolates of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | the prevalence of tetracycline resistance, tetracycline mics and tet(o) gene localization were investigated in 83 campylobacter isolates from patients suffering from acute gastroenteritis in germany. combined biochemical and molecular markers identified 74 isolates (89 %) as campylobacter jejuni, including seven atypical isolates that failed to hydrolyse hippurate, and nine isolates (11 %) as campylobacter coli. tetracycline resistance was detected in six out of nine campylobacter coli isolates ... | 2007 | 17510271 |
| development of experimental genetic tools for campylobacter fetus. | molecular analysis of the virulence mechanisms of the emerging pathogen campylobacter fetus has been hampered by the lack of genetic tools. we report the development and functional analysis of escherichia coli-campylobacter shuttle vectors that are appropriate for c. fetus. some vectors were constructed based on the known campylobacter coli plasmid pip1455 replicon, which confers a wide host range in campylobacter spp. versatility in directing gene expression was achieved by introducing a strong ... | 2007 | 17513579 |
| common genomic features of campylobacter jejuni subsp. doylei strains distinguish them from c. jejuni subsp. jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni has been divided into two subspecies: c. jejuni subsp. jejuni (cjj) and c. jejuni subsp. doylei (cjd). nearly all of the c. jejuni strains isolated are cjj; nevertheless, although cjd strains are isolated infrequently, they differ from cjj in two key aspects: they are obtained primarily from human clinical samples and are associated often with bacteremia, in addition to gastroenteritis. in this study, we utilized multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and a dna microarray-based c ... | 2007 | 17535437 |
| use of multilocus sequence typing to investigate the association between the presence of campylobacter spp. in broiler drinking water and campylobacter colonization in broilers. | the presence of campylobacters in broiler chickens and throughout the broiler water delivery systems of 12 farms in northeastern scotland was investigated by sensitive enrichment methods and large-volume filtration. campylobacter presence was independent of the water source and whether the water was treated. the genotypes of campylobacter jejuni isolates recovered from chickens and various locations within the water delivery systems were compared by multilocus sequence typing. matching strains i ... | 2007 | 17586665 |
| campylobacter succession in broiler chickens. | the competitive ability of campylobacter coli or12 over c. jejuni or1 has been examined in experimental broiler chickens following the observation that c. coli replaced an established c. jejuni intestinal colonisation within commercial chicken flocks reared outdoors [el-shibiny, a., connerton, p.l., connerton, i.f., 2005. enumeration and diversity of campylobacters and bacteriophages isolated during the rearing cycles of free-range and organic chickens. appl. environ. microbiol. 71, 1259-1266]. ... | 2007 | 17628357 |
| sequence variation in the outer membrane protein-encoding gene cmec, conferring multidrug resistance among campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli strains isolated from different hosts. | a novel pcr primer pair was used to detect the presence of cmec in 131 campylobacter jejuni and c. coli strains isolated from various hosts (cattle, turkeys, humans, and pigs). dna sequence analysis revealed a high degree of genetic variation between the two species, while extremely limited genetic variation among isolates of the same species was detected. | 2007 | 17652470 |
| development of a real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer pcr to detect arcobacter species. | a real-time pcr targeting the gyrase a subunit gene outside the quinolone resistance-determining region has been developed to detect arcobacter species. the species identification was done by probe hybridization and melting curve analysis, using fluorescence resonance energy transfer technology. discrimination between arcobacter species was straightforward, as the corresponding melting points showed significant differences with the characteristic melting temperatures of 63.5 degrees c, 58.4 degr ... | 2007 | 17652482 |
| relapsing campylobacter coli bacteremia with reactive arthritis in a patient with x-linked agammaglobulinemia. | a patient genetically diagnosed with x-linked agammaglobulinemia repeatedly developed bacteremia due to campylobacter coli (c. coli) for one year and seven months in spite of immunoglobulin replacement therapy. throughout the clinical course, c. coli with identical genetic patterns was repeatedly isolated from both blood and stool cultures, thus indicating that the patient had latent intestinal infection. the bacteremia was always accompanied by reactive arthritis. since the immunoglobulin level ... | 2007 | 17473499 |
| campylobacter antimicrobial drug resistance among humans, broiler chickens, and pigs, france. | we describe isolates from human campylobacter infection in the french population and the isolates' antimicrobial drug resistance patterns since 1986 and compare the trends with those of isolates from broiler chickens and pigs from 1999 through 2004. among 5,685 human campylobacter isolates, 76.2% were c. jejuni, 17.2% c. coli, and 5.0% c. fetus. resistance to nalidixic acid increased from 8.2% in 1990 to 26.3% in 2004 (p < 10(-3)), and resistance to ampicillin was high over time. nalidixic acid ... | 2007 | 17479889 |
| prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in chicken hybrids with different growth rates, reared according to conventional and "free-range" production methods. | 2007 | 17682919 | |
| [multi-pcr identification and virulence genes detection of campylobacter jejuni isolated from china]. | this study was to simultaneously identify campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates in china by multi-pcr assay and to study the prevalence of six virulence and toxin genes on them. | 2007 | 17850712 |
| (e)-methylisoeugenol and elemicin: antibacterial components of daucus carota l. essential oil against campylobacter jejuni. | the essential oil of wild daucus carota l. obtained from aerial parts at the end of the flowering stage (dceo) was reported as antimicrobial against the human enteropathogen campylobacter jejuni. the aim of the present study was to extend this analysis to other campylobacter species and to identify the active compounds of the essential oil, subjected to gc, gc-ms, and (13)c nmr analysis. a minimum inhibitory concentration assay was used to quantify the antimicrobial activity of dceo and the majo ... | 2007 | 17685629 |
| genome dynamics of campylobacter jejuni in response to bacteriophage predation. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of food-borne illness. although a natural reservoir of the pathogen is domestic poultry, the degree of genomic diversity exhibited by the species limits the application of epidemiological methods to trace specific infection sources. bacteriophage predation is a common burden placed upon c. jejuni populations in the avian gut, and we show that amongst c. jejuni that survive bacteriophage predation in broiler chickens are bacteriophage-resistant types that d ... | 2007 | 17722979 |
| heterogeneity of a campylobacter jejuni protein that is secreted through the flagellar filament. | cj0859c, or fspa, is a small, acidic protein of campylobacter jejuni that is expressed by a sigma(28) promoter. analysis of the fspa gene in 41 isolates of c. jejuni revealed two overall variants of the predicted protein, fspa1 and fspa2. secretion of fspa occurs in broth-grown bacteria and requires a minimum flagellar structure. the addition of recombinant fspa2, but not fspa1, to int407 cells in vitro resulted in a rapid induction of apoptosis. these data define a novel c. jejuni virulence fac ... | 2007 | 17517862 |
| evaluation of different plate media for direct cultivation of campylobacter species from live broilers. | accurate identification and optimal culturing procedures for campylobacter spp. from live broilers are needed for epidemiological studies. because there is no standardized protocol, we designed and conducted studies to evaluate different selective media for the culturing and isolation of campylobacter spp. from cecal and fecal samples obtained from battery-reared and commercial broilers. five media selective for campylobacter were evaluated: campylobacter agar base, campylobacter, campy-line, mo ... | 2007 | 17575175 |
| prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter in us dairy cattle. | to obtain an overview of the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter in faeces of us dairy cows in 2002. | 2007 | 17578422 |
| multilocus sequence typing performed on campylobacter coli isolates from humans, broilers, pigs and cattle originating in denmark. | to assess whether campylobacter coli isolated from different sources in denmark constitute separate populations. | 2007 | 17584467 |
| [antimicrobial susceptibilities of campylobacter sp strains isolated from humans in 2005 to 2006 in bielsko-biala region, poland]. | campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are frequent causes of bacterial gastroeneritis in humans worldwide. campylobacteriois is usually a self-limiting disease and therapy with antibiotics is required in severe clinical infections. the objective [corrected] of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance of c. jejuni and c. coli isolated from humans with diarrhea during 2005-2006 in bielsko-biala region in poland. the mics of ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, erythromycin, gentamicin a ... | 2007 | 17601030 |
| the persistence of fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacter in poultry production. | the use of antibiotics in food animal production has been associated with antibiotic-resistant infections in humans. in 2005, the food and drug administration (fda) banned fluoroquinolone use in u.s. poultry production in order to reduce the prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacter. little is known about the potential efficacy of this policy. | 2007 | 17637919 |
| flagellin glycans from two pathovars of pseudomonas syringae contain rhamnose in d and l configurations in different ratios and modified 4-amino-4,6-dideoxyglucose. | flagellins from pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea race 4 and pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605 have been found to be glycosylated. glycosylation of flagellin is essential for bacterial virulence and is also involved in the determination of host specificity. flagellin glycans from both pathovars were characterized, and common sites of glycosylation were identified on six serine residues (positions 143, 164, 176, 183, 193, and 201). the structure of the glycan at serine 201 (s201) of flagellin ... | 2007 | 17644592 |
| prevalence of resistance to 11 antimicrobials among campylobacter coill isolated from pigs on 80 grower-finisher farms in ontario. | we carried out a cross-sectional study to investigate antimicrobial resistance patterns of campylobacter coli isolated from ontario grower-finisher pigs. from january to june 2004, 1200 samples were collected from 80 farms by obtaining a constant number (15) of fecal samples per farm. susceptibility of the isolates to 11 antimicrobial drugs was determined by the agar-dilution technique. the overall prevalence of resistance to 1 or more antimicrobials among the isolates was 99.2%. high levels of ... | 2007 | 17695593 |
| antimicrobial resistance of 114 porcine isolates of campylobacter coli. | campylobacter species were isolated from 24 pig farms in 10 different regions of korea, and were assayed with regard to their susceptibility to eight antimicrobial agents. a total of 114 campylobacter isolates from 572 intestinal samples were all identified as c. coli via both classical methods and molecular methods, including 16s rdna sequence analysis and polymerase chain reactions (pcr) using specific primer sets for the hippuricase gene and the aspartokinase gene, designed to differentiate c ... | 2007 | 17716763 |
| microbiological evaluation of the new vitek 2 neisseria-haemophilus identification card. | vitek 2 is an automated identification system for diverse bacterial and fungal species. a new card (the neisseria-haemophilus [nh] card) for the identification of neisseria spp., haemophilus spp., and other fastidious gram-negative or gram-variable microorganisms has been developed, but its performance in a routine clinical laboratory has not yet been evaluated. in this study, a total of 188 bacterial strains belonging to the genera actinobacillus, campylobacter, capnocytophaga, cardiobacterium, ... | 2007 | 17728469 |
| a collaborative study on a nordic standard protocol for detection and enumeration of thermotolerant campylobacter in food (nmkl 119, 3. ed., 2007). | a nordic standard protocol for detection and enumeration of thermotolerant campylobacter in food has been elaborated (nmkl 119, 3. ed., 2007). performance and precision characteristics of this protocol were evaluated in a collaborative study with participation of 14 laboratories from seven european countries. the laboratories performed qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative analyses on samples of chicken meat, cut lettuce, and milk artificially inoculated with different concentrations i ... | 2007 | 17761333 |
| high level of antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter jejuni isolated from broiler chickens in estonia in 2005 and 2006. | the development of antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli is a matter of increasing concern. because campylobacteriosis is transmitted to humans usually via food of animal origin, the presence of antimicrobial-resistant campylobacters in broiler chickens has important public health implications. the aim of our study was to analyze resistance patterns of c. jejuni isolated from fecal samples collected at a large estonian chicken farm, from cecal contents collected ... | 2007 | 17803154 |
| development of macrolide-resistant campylobacter in broilers administered subtherapeutic or therapeutic concentrations of tylosin. | the use of antimicrobials in food animal production, particularly those commonly used to treat infections in humans, has become a source of debate in recent years. however, limited data are available regarding the development of resistance following the subtherapeutic or therapeutic administration of antimicrobials in animal production. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the administration of therapeutic and subtherapeutic concentrations of tylosin on the erythromycin susc ... | 2007 | 17803155 |
| development of a multiplex pcr assay for identification of campylobacter coli, campylobacter fetus, campylobacter hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis, campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter lari and campylobacter upsaliensis. | a multiplex pcr assay has been developed for the identification of the six common campylobacter taxa associated with human gastroenteritis and/or septicaemia, namely campylobacter coli, campylobacter fetus, campylobacter hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis, campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter lari and campylobacter upsaliensis. the assay was developed using a combination of newly designed and published primers. it provided a specific pcr product for each of the five campylobacter species and ... | 2007 | 17965346 |
| siderophore-based iron acquisition and pathogen control. | high-affinity iron acquisition is mediated by siderophore-dependent pathways in the majority of pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria and fungi. considerable progress has been made in characterizing and understanding mechanisms of siderophore synthesis, secretion, iron scavenging, and siderophore-delivered iron uptake and its release. the regulation of siderophore pathways reveals multilayer networks at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. due to the key role of many siderophores ... | 2007 | 17804665 |
| crystal structure of the transcriptional regulator cmer from campylobacter jejuni. | the cmeabc multidrug efflux pump, which belongs to the resistance-nodulation-division (rnd) family, recognizes and extrudes a broad range of antimicrobial agents and is essential for campylobacter jejuni colonization of the animal intestinal tract by mediating the efflux of bile acids. the expression of cmeabc is controlled by the transcriptional regulator cmer, whose open reading frame is located immediately upstream of the cmeabc operon. to understand the structural basis of cmer regulation, w ... | 2007 | 17686491 |
| detection of thermotolerant campylobacter in ostriches (struthio camelus) in italy. | during the period january 2004 to december 2005 four different ostrich farms were investigated to evaluate the presence of thermotolerant campylobacter. a total of 150 ostriches were examined and all were found to be clinically healthy. campylobacter spp. were isolated from 60/150 cloacal swabs. among the isolates, 48 were identified as campylobacter jejuni whereas the remainder were identified as campylobacter coli. campylobacter lari was not isolated. the ostriches, although apparently in a he ... | 2007 | 16959506 |
| specific detection of campylobacter jejuni from faeces using single nucleotide polymorphisms. | specimens of human faeces were tested by a rapid strategy for detection of campylobacter jejuni lineages by the presence of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) based on the c. jejuni multi locus sequence typing (mlst) scheme. this strategy was derived from analysis of the mlst databases to identify clonal complex specific snps followed by the design of real-time pcr assays to enable identification of six major c. jejuni clonal complexes associated with cases of human infection. the o ... | 2007 | 17109769 |
| clonal complexes of campylobacter jejuni identified by multilocus sequence typing are reliably predicted by restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of the flaa gene. | multilocus sequence typing (mlst) has provided important new insights into the population structure of campylobacter jejuni and is rapidly becoming the gold standard for typing this species. however, the methodology is comparatively costly and slow to perform for the routine surveillance testing of large numbers of isolates required by public health laboratories. restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the flaa gene (rflp-flaa) and sequencing of the variable region in the fla locus ... | 2007 | 17093018 |
| conjugative transfer of chromosomally encoded antibiotic resistance from helicobacter pylori to campylobacter jejuni. | many strains of helicobacter pylori are naturally competent for transformation and able to transfer chromosomal dna among different isolates using a conjugation-like mechanism. in this study, we sought to determine whether h. pylori can transfer dna into campylobacter jejuni, a closely related species of the campylobacterales group. to monitor the transfer, a chromosomally encoded streptomycin resistance cassette prearranged by a specific mutation in the rpsl gene of h. pylori was used. mating o ... | 2007 | 17135441 |
| conjugative transfer of chromosomally encoded antibiotic resistance from helicobacter pylori to campylobacter jejuni. | many strains of helicobacter pylori are naturally competent for transformation and able to transfer chromosomal dna among different isolates using a conjugation-like mechanism. in this study, we sought to determine whether h. pylori can transfer dna into campylobacter jejuni, a closely related species of the campylobacterales group. to monitor the transfer, a chromosomally encoded streptomycin resistance cassette prearranged by a specific mutation in the rpsl gene of h. pylori was used. mating o ... | 2007 | 17135441 |
| clonal complexes of campylobacter jejuni identified by multilocus sequence typing are reliably predicted by restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of the flaa gene. | multilocus sequence typing (mlst) has provided important new insights into the population structure of campylobacter jejuni and is rapidly becoming the gold standard for typing this species. however, the methodology is comparatively costly and slow to perform for the routine surveillance testing of large numbers of isolates required by public health laboratories. restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the flaa gene (rflp-flaa) and sequencing of the variable region in the fla locus ... | 2007 | 17093018 |
| specific detection of campylobacter jejuni from faeces using single nucleotide polymorphisms. | specimens of human faeces were tested by a rapid strategy for detection of campylobacter jejuni lineages by the presence of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) based on the c. jejuni multi locus sequence typing (mlst) scheme. this strategy was derived from analysis of the mlst databases to identify clonal complex specific snps followed by the design of real-time pcr assays to enable identification of six major c. jejuni clonal complexes associated with cases of human infection. the o ... | 2007 | 17109769 |
| risk factors for ciprofloxacin resistance in reported campylobacter infections in southern alberta. | we conducted a case-control study examining risk factors for ciprofloxacin resistance in campylobacter infections that were reported in 2004 and 2005 in two health regions in southern alberta. the study questionnaire included questions about recent travel and antibiotic use, food consumption frequency, use of household and personal hygiene products with antibacterial agents, contact with animals, and potential misuse of antibiotics. of the 210 patients who participated, 31.0% had ciprofloxacin-r ... | 2008 | 17678560 |
| characterization of two putative cytochrome c peroxidases of campylobacter jejuni involved in promoting commensal colonization of poultry. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans throughout the world, but infection of animals, especially poultry, results in a commensal colonization of the intestines. we previously found that a mutant lacking doca, which encodes a putative cytochrome c peroxidase (ccp), demonstrates up to a 10(5)-fold reduction in colonization of the chick cecum compared to wild-type c. jejuni strain 81-176. predictions from genomic sequences identified cjj0382 as a second locu ... | 2008 | 18086814 |
| characterization of two putative cytochrome c peroxidases of campylobacter jejuni involved in promoting commensal colonization of poultry. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans throughout the world, but infection of animals, especially poultry, results in a commensal colonization of the intestines. we previously found that a mutant lacking doca, which encodes a putative cytochrome c peroxidase (ccp), demonstrates up to a 10(5)-fold reduction in colonization of the chick cecum compared to wild-type c. jejuni strain 81-176. predictions from genomic sequences identified cjj0382 as a second locu ... | 2008 | 18086814 |
| [evaluation of antigenic properties of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli proteins in a western-immunoblot]. | campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are the most common bacterial cause for acute diarrheal illnesses in developed countries. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antigenic properties of campylobacterjejuni and campylobacter coli proteins in western-blot assay. whole-cell components of campulobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electroforesis. using this method we detected in all seven c. jejuni strains 21 peptides migrati ... | 2008 | 18819448 |
| differential effects of temperature on natural transformation to erythromycin and nalidixic acid resistance in campylobacter coli. | campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are naturally competent, but limited information exists on the impact of environmental conditions on transformation. in this study, we investigated the impact of temperature and microaerobic versus aerobic atmosphere on transformation of c. coli to erythromycin and nalidixic acid resistance. frequency of transformation was not significantly different between microaerobic (5 to 10% co(2)) and aerobic conditions. however, c. coli was transformed to eryth ... | 2008 | 18708520 |
| comparison of disk diffusion and agar dilution methods for erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline susceptibility testing of campylobacter coli and for tetracycline susceptibility testing of campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni. | with disk diffusion, the following zone diameters are suggested to be resistant and susceptible breakpoints, respectively: for susceptibility testing of campylobacter coli, no inhibition zone and 15 mm or more for erythromycin, and 20 mm or less and 25 mm or more for ciprofloxacin, in the absence or presence of an inhibition zone around the nalidixic acid disk; and for susceptibility testing of c. coli and campylobacter jejuni, 20 mm or less and 26 mm or more for tetracycline. | 2008 | 18838597 |
| multilocus sequence typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and fla short variable region typing of clonal complexes of campylobacter jejuni strains of human, bovine, and poultry origins in luxembourg. | campylobacter jejuni is the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in luxembourg, with a marked seasonal peak during summer. the majority of these infections are thought to be sporadic, and the relative contribution of potential sources and reservoirs is still poorly understood. we monitored human cases from june to september 2006 (n = 124) by molecular characterization of isolates with the aim of rapidly detecting temporally related cases. in addition, isolates from poultry meat (n = 36 ... | 2008 | 18931296 |
| influence of long time storage in mineral water on rna stability of pseudomonas aeruginosa and escherichia coli after heat inactivation. | research of rna viability markers was previously studied for many bacterial species. few and different targets of each species have been checked and motley results can be found in literature. no research has been done about pseudomonas aeruginosa in this way. | 2008 | 18941615 |
| longitudinal study of the molecular epidemiology of campylobacter jejuni in cattle on dairy farms. | multilocus sequence typing (mlst), an accurate and phylogenetically robust characterization method for population studies of campylobacter, was applied to campylobacter jejuni isolates (n = 297) from the fecal samples of cattle from five dairy farms in cheshire, united kingdom, collected throughout 2003. the population dynamics of the c. jejuni strains, as identified by the occurrence of sequence types and clonal complexes, demonstrated variations within and between cattle populations over time. ... | 2008 | 18424539 |
| antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter coli isolates from swine. | eighty-three swine isolates of campylobacter coli were tested for mechanisms underlying resistance to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and tetracycline. four isolates harbored class 1 integrons but none carried class 2 and 3 integrons. most of the tetracycline-resistant isolates (97%) possessed tet(o). a thr-86-ile substitution in gyra and an a-2230-g mutation in 23s rrna were the main resistance mechanisms for quinolones and erythromycin, respectively. | 2008 | 18945505 |
| prevalence of gastrointestinal bacterial pathogens in a population of zoo animals. | faecal prevalence of gastrointestinal bacterial pathogens, including campylobacter, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella, shigella, yersinia, as well as arcobacter, were examined in 317 faecal specimens from 44 animal species in belfast zoological gardens, during july-september 2006. thermophilic campylobacters including campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli and campylobacter lari, were the most frequently isolated pathogens, where members of this genus were isolated from 11 animal species (1 ... | 2008 | 18331520 |
| lack of response of int-407 cells to the presence of non-culturable campylobacter jejuni. | many contradictory articles on the infectivity of non-culturable campylobacter jejuni can be found. we studied the effect of non-culturable c. jejuni in an in vitro assay. to prevent the potential effect of a few culturable bacteria in the non-culturable suspension, int-407 cells, which mimic the outer cell layer in the small intestines, were exposed to culturable c. jejuni suspensions with or without non-culturable c. jejuni. the number of bacteria adhering to and/or invading int-407 cells and ... | 2008 | 18081950 |
| lack of response of int-407 cells to the presence of non-culturable campylobacter jejuni. | many contradictory articles on the infectivity of non-culturable campylobacter jejuni can be found. we studied the effect of non-culturable c. jejuni in an in vitro assay. to prevent the potential effect of a few culturable bacteria in the non-culturable suspension, int-407 cells, which mimic the outer cell layer in the small intestines, were exposed to culturable c. jejuni suspensions with or without non-culturable c. jejuni. the number of bacteria adhering to and/or invading int-407 cells and ... | 2008 | 18081950 |
| a large waterborne outbreak of campylobacteriosis in norway: the need to focus on distribution system safety. | on 7 may 2007 the medical officer in røros (population 5600) reported 15 patients with gastroenteritis. three days later he estimated hundreds being ill. untreated tap water from a groundwater source was suspected as the vehicle and chlorination was started 11 may. campylobacter was isolated from patients' stool samples. we conducted an investigation to identify the source and describe the extent of the outbreak. | 2008 | 18816387 |
| genomic evidence for interspecies acquisition of chromosomal dna from campylobacter jejuni by campylobacter coli strains of a turkey-associated clonal group (cluster ii). | previous multilocus sequence typing studies of campylobacter coli from meat animals identified an unusual cluster of strains, primarily from turkeys, termed "cluster ii" and characterized by the presence of the c. jejuni aspa103 allele. to characterize the extent of genomic input from c. jejuni in the aspa region of cluster ii c. coli, we sequenced the 6.1 kb genomic region upstream of and including aspa from two turkey-derived cluster ii strains (c. coli 6979 and c. coli 7474, of st-1150 and st ... | 2008 | 18673073 |
| role of the helicobacter hepaticus flagellar sigma factor flia in gene regulation and murine colonization. | the enterohepatic helicobacter species helicobacter hepaticus colonizes the murine intestinal and hepatobiliary tract and is associated with chronic intestinal inflammation, gall stone formation, hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. thus far, the role of h. hepaticus motility and flagella in intestinal colonization is unknown. in other, closely related bacteria, late flagellar genes are mainly regulated by the sigma factor flia (sigma(28)). we investigated the function of the h. hepaticus fl ... | 2008 | 18689480 |
| prevalence of thermotolerant campylobacter in pheasants (phasianus colchicus). | the present study was undertaken with the aim to evaluate the prevalence of thermotolerant campylobacter spp. in living pheasants in italy. to achieve this goal, a total of 240 living pheasants, equally shared between female and male birds, were examined. thermotolerant campylobacter spp. was isolated in 104 out of 204 (43.3%) living pheasants analysed. campylobacter coli (100%) and campylobacter jejuni (13.5%) were identified by polymerase chain reaction. adult pheasants showed a significantly ... | 2008 | 18798025 |
| identification of campylobacter jejuni proteins recognized by maternal antibodies of chickens. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading bacterial causes of food-borne gastroenteritis. infection with c. jejuni is frequently acquired through the consumption of undercooked poultry or foods cross-contaminated with raw poultry. given the importance of poultry as a reservoir for campylobacter organisms, investigators have performed studies to understand the protective role of maternal antibodies in the ecology of campylobacter colonization of poultry. in a previous study, chicks with maternal ... | 2008 | 18805999 |
| competing isogenic campylobacter strains exhibit variable population structures in vivo. | consumption of poultry contaminated with campylobacter jejuni is a risk factor for human gastrointestinal disease. the rational development of control strategies for campylobacter within chickens requires an understanding of the colonization process at the molecular and population levels, both within and between hosts. experiments employing competing strains of campylobacter have been used to investigate colonization. implicit in these studies is the assumption that the behavior of competing str ... | 2008 | 18424530 |
| characterization of two campylobacter jejuni strains for use in volunteer experimental-infection studies. | the development of vaccines against campylobacter jejuni would be facilitated by the ability to perform phase ii challenge studies. however, molecular mimicry of the lipooligosaccharide (los) of most c. jejuni strains with human gangliosides presents safety concerns about the development of guillain-barré syndrome. clinical isolates of c. jejuni that appeared to lack genes for the synthesis of ganglioside mimics were identified by dna probe analyses. two clinical isolates from southeast asia (st ... | 2008 | 18809665 |
| extended sequence typing of campylobacter spp., united kingdom. | supplementing campylobacter spp. multilocus sequence typing with nucleotide sequence typing of 3 antigen genes increased the discriminatory index achieved from 0.975 to 0.992 among 620 clinical isolates from oxfordshire, united kingdom. this enhanced typing scheme enabled identification of clusters and retained data required for long-range epidemiologic comparisons of isolates. | 2008 | 18826829 |
| molecular mechanisms involved in vascular interactions of the lyme disease pathogen in a living host. | hematogenous dissemination is important for infection by many bacterial pathogens, but is poorly understood because of the inability to directly observe this process in living hosts at the single cell level. all disseminating pathogens must tether to the host endothelium despite significant shear forces caused by blood flow. however, the molecules that mediate tethering interactions have not been identified for any bacterial pathogen except e. coli, which tethers to host cells via a specialized ... | 2008 | 18833295 |
| comparative genomic analysis of clinical strains of campylobacter jejuni from south africa. | campylobacter jejuni is a common cause of acute gastroenteritis and is also associated with the post-infectious neuropathies, guillain-barré and miller fisher syndromes. in the cape town area of south africa, c. jejuni strains with penner heat-stable (hs) serotype hs:41 have been observed to be overrepresented among cases of guillain-barré syndrome. the present study examined the genetic content of a collection of 32 south african c. jejuni strains with different serotypes, including 13 hs:41 st ... | 2008 | 18431496 |
| the omp50 gene is transcriptionally controlled by a temperature-dependent mechanism conserved among thermophilic campylobacter species. | the thermophilic campylobacters are enteropathogenic for humans. we recently showed that omp50 is a campylobacter species-specific porin produced in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter lari but not in campylobacter coli. in the present study, we investigated regulation of the omp50 gene and found that its expression in c. jejuni was temperature-dependent, but independent of growth phase or medium viscosity. the use of rt-pcr and omp50::lacz fusions showed that growth temperature control occur ... | 2008 | 18485677 |
| prevalence and patterns of antimicrobial resistance of fecal escherichia coil among pigs on 47 farrow-to-finish farms with different in-feed medication policies in ontario and british columbia. | the main objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and patterns of antimicrobial resistance in pigs on farms that medicated swine ration and those that did not. a total of 940 isolates of escherichia coli from 188 pooled fecal samples obtained from weaner and finisher pigs on 47 farrow-to-finish swine farms (34 farms used in-feed medication and 13 did not) were tested for susceptibility to 21 antimicrobials using a breakpoint concentration method. the prevalence of resistance var ... | 2008 | 18505210 |
| helicobacter hepaticus hhgi1 is a pathogenicity island associated with typhlocolitis in b6.129-il10 tm1cgn mice. | helicobacter hepaticus strain 3b1 (h. hepaticus) contains a genomic island of approximately 71 kb, hhgi1, with some of the common features shared among known bacterial pathogenicity islands. in this study, we characterized the pathogenic potential of hhgi1 by infecting b6.129-il10 tm1cgn (il10-/-) mice with an isogenic mutant (namely hhpaid1) lacking 19 predicted genes within hhgi1. in contrast to h. hepaticus (p<0.001), hhpaid1 did not cause typhlocolitis and hyperplasia in il10-/- mice. coloni ... | 2008 | 18538610 |
| the haemophilus influenzae hmw1 adhesin is a glycoprotein with an unusual n-linked carbohydrate modification. | the haemophilus influenzae hmw1 adhesin mediates adherence to respiratory epithelial cells, a critical early step in the pathogenesis of h. influenzae disease. in recent work, we demonstrated that hmw1 undergoes glycosylation. in addition, we observed that glycosylation of hmw1 is essential for hmw1 tethering to the bacterial surface, a prerequisite for hmw1-mediated adherence to host epithelium. in this study, we examined hmw1 proteolytic fragments by mass spectrometry, achieved 89% amino acid ... | 2008 | 18621734 |
| baseline data from a belgium-wide survey of campylobacter species contamination in chicken meat preparations and considerations for a reliable monitoring program. | from february to november 2007, chicken meat preparations (n = 656) were sampled at 11 processing companies across belgium. all samples were tested for campylobacter by enrichment culture and by direct plating according to standard methods. almost half (48.02%) of the samples were positive for campylobacter spp. the mean campylobacter count was 1.68 log(10) cfu/g with a standard deviation of +/- 0.64 log(10) cfu/g. the study revealed a statistically significant variation in campylobacter contami ... | 2008 | 18621867 |
| host-pathogen interactions in campylobacter infections: the host perspective. | campylobacter is a major cause of acute bacterial diarrhea in humans worldwide. this study was aimed at summarizing the current understanding of host mechanisms involved in the defense against campylobacter by evaluating data available from three sources: (i) epidemiological observations, (ii) observations of patients, and (iii) experimental observations including observations of animal models and human volunteer studies. analysis of available data clearly indicates that an effective immune syst ... | 2008 | 18625685 |
| combined treatment with oral kanamycin and parenteral antibiotics for a case of persistent bacteremia and intestinal carriage with campylobacter coli. | campylobacter coli (c. coli) is a rare pathogen of bacteremia, but in immunocompromised hosts, c. coli occasionally causes bacteremia which can be refractory to antibiotic treatment. we report a case of c. coli bacteremia in a patient with x-linked agammaglobulinemia. bacteremia relapsed repeatedly in spite of treatment with combined intravenous antibiotics. c. coli was observed in the biopsy specimens from the intestinal mucosa, suggesting intestinal carriage and reservoir of recurring infectio ... | 2008 | 18628588 |
| campylobacter-induced interleukin-8 secretion in polarized human intestinal epithelial cells requires campylobacter-secreted cytolethal distending toxin- and toll-like receptor-mediated activation of nf-kappab. | campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli colonize and infect the intestinal epithelium and cause acute inflammatory diarrhea. the intestinal epithelium serves as a physical barrier to, and a sensor of, bacterial infection by secreting proinflammatory cytokines. this study examined the mechanisms for campylobacter-induced secretion of the proinflammatory chemokine interleukin-8 (il-8) by using polarized t84 human colonic epithelial cells as a model. c. jejuni increased the secretion of both il ... | 2008 | 18644884 |
| flagellar glycosylation in clostridium botulinum. | flagellins from clostridium botulinum were shown to be post-translationally modified with novel glycan moieties by top-down ms analysis of purified flagellin protein from strains of various toxin serotypes. detailed analyses of flagellin from two strains of c. botulinum demonstrated that the protein is modified by a novel glycan moiety of mass 417 da in o-linkage. bioinformatic analysis of available c. botulinum genomes identified a flagellar glycosylation island containing homologs of genes rec ... | 2008 | 18671733 |
| assessment of the stability of cell-surface components of microorganisms by maldi-tof-ms following preservation on lenticule discs. | strains representing the species campylobacter coli, escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella enterica, and staphylococcus aureus were randomly selected to assess the consistency of cells preserved on lenticule discs to those archived in traditional freeze-dried ampoules. each matched pair was cultured using identical conditions and analysed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ms) to profile the surface-associated m ... | 2008 | 18717884 |
| restoration of flagellar biosynthesis by varied mutational events in campylobacter jejuni. | both a complex regulatory cascade involving the flgsr two-component system and phase variation control expression of sigma(54)-dependent flagellar genes in campylobacter jejuni. in this study, mutational mechanisms influencing production of the flgs histidine kinase were discovered. random non-motile, non-flagellated flgs variants were impaired for growth in the chick intestinal tract. spontaneous revertants restored for flagellar biosynthesis, gene expression, and motility identified by in vivo ... | 2008 | 18761684 |
| recombination-based in vivo expression technology identifies helicobacter pylori genes important for host colonization. | here we undertook to identify colonization and gastric disease-promoting factors of the human gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori as genes that were induced in response to the stomach environment. using recombination-based in vivo expression technology (rivet), we identified six promoters induced in the host compared to laboratory conditions. three of these promoters, designated pivi10, pivi66, and pivi77, regulate genes that h. pylori may use to interact with other microbes or the host. pivi10 ... | 2008 | 18794279 |
| monoclonal antibody binding to the major outer membrane protein of campylobacter coli. | campylobacter species are major enteric pathogens causing diarrhea illness in humans and animals. immunological tests are needed for accurate and rapid identification of c. coli, in conjunction with the use of standard biochemical tests. we initiated the creation of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) using whole c. coli cells as antigen. four positive clones were identified, namely mab2g6, mab3b9, mab4a10 and mab5b9. dot-blot assay and elisa revealed that only mab2g6 did not cross react with c. jejuni ... | 2008 | 18796306 |
| cytokine responses in primary chicken embryo intestinal cells infected with campylobacter jejuni strains of human and chicken origin and the expression of bacterial virulence-associated genes. | campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of inflammatory diarrhoea in humans and is considered a commensal of the gastroenteric tract of the avian host. however, little is known about the interaction between c. jejuni and the avian host including the cytokine responses and the expression of the bacterial genes. we have investigated the invasiveness of primary chicken embryo intestinal cells (ceics) by c. jejuni strains of human and chicken origins and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines as ... | 2008 | 18588667 |
| development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for sensitive and rapid detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine seafood-borne pathogen causing gastrointestinal disorders in humans. thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and tdh-related hemolysin (trh) are known as major virulence determinants of v. parahaemolyticus. most v. parahaemolyticus isolates from the environment do not produce tdh or trh. total v. parahaemolyticus has been used as an indicator for control of seafood contamination toward prevention of infection. detection of total v. parahaemolyticus using conventio ... | 2008 | 18823567 |
| real-time pcr detection of pathogenic microorganisms in roof-harvested rainwater in southeast queensland, australia. | in this study, the microbiological quality of roof-harvested rainwater was assessed by monitoring the concentrations of escherichia coli, enterococci, clostridium perfringens, and bacteroides spp. in rainwater obtained from tanks in southeast queensland, australia. samples were also tested using real-time pcr (with sybr green i dye) for the presence of potential pathogenic microorganisms. of the 27 rainwater samples tested, 17 (63%), 21 (78%), 13 (48%), and 24 (89%) were positive for e. coli, en ... | 2008 | 18621865 |
| longitudinal study of prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli from turkeys and swine grown in close proximity. | eastern north carolina is a major contributor to both turkey and swine production in the united states. in this region, turkeys and swine are frequently grown in close proximity and by common growers. to further characterize colonization of turkeys and swine with campylobacter in such a setting, we investigated the prevalence of thermophilic campylobacters in eight paired operations involving turkey farms in close proximity to finishing swine farms. all 15 surveyed flocks and 15 herds were campy ... | 2008 | 18810862 |
| diversity of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli from broiler chickens in france. | in 2003 to 2004, 26 free-range broilers flocks excreting campylobacter were studied for identification of campylobacter species and genotype diversity. seventeen flocks were sampled at the end of the indoor rearing period and 9 before departure to the slaughterhouse after access to an open area. out of 513 isolates, 315 were identified as campylobacter jejuni and 198 as campylobacter coli. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis revealed 35 genotypes for c. jejuni and 43 genotypes for c. coli; ... | 2008 | 18648064 |
| ccaat/enhancer binding protein beta is a major mediator of inflammation and viral replication in the gastrointestinal tract of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaques. | the gastrointestinal tract (git) is a major target of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and simian immunodeficiency virus (siv). chronic git disease and inflammation are common sequelae to hiv/siv infection. nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms that cause and maintain git dysfunction remain unclear. we investigated the contribution of ccaat/enhancer-binding protein beta (c/ebpbeta) to git disease and viral replication in jejunum and colon collected at necropsy from 12 siv-infect ... | 2008 | 18535173 |
| comparison of campylobacter populations in wild geese with those in starlings and free-range poultry on the same farm. | wild geese are a potential source of campylobacter infection for humans and farm animals and have been implicated in at least two large waterborne disease outbreaks. there have been few investigations into the population biology of campylobacter in geese, carriage rates are reported to vary (0 to 100%), and no genetic characterization of isolates has been performed. fecal samples collected from wild geese in oxfordshire, united kingdom, were culture positive for c. jejuni (50.2%) and c. coli (0. ... | 2008 | 18390684 |
| harmonised monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in salmonella and campylobacter isolates from food animals in the european union. | many member states of the european union (eu) currently monitor antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic agents, including salmonella and campylobacter. according to directive 2003/99/ec, member states shall ensure that the monitoring provides comparable data on the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance. the european commission asked the european food safety authority to prepare detailed specifications for harmonised schemes for monitoring antimicrobial resistance. the objective of these specificat ... | 2008 | 18397331 |
| convergence of campylobacter species: implications for bacterial evolution. | the nature of species boundaries in bacteria remains controversial. in particular, the mechanisms of bacterial speciation and maintenance in the face of frequent genetic exchange are poorly understood. here, we report patterns of genetic exchange that show two closely related zoonotic pathogenic species, campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, are converging as a consequence of recent changes in gene flow. population expansion into a novel ecological niche generated by human activity is the ... | 2008 | 18403712 |
| campylobacter infection of broiler chickens in a free-range environment. | campylobacter jejuni is the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, with contaminated chicken meat considered to represent a major source of human infection. biosecurity measures can reduce c. jejuni shedding rates of housed chickens, but the increasing popularity of free-range and organic meat raises the question of whether the welfare benefits of extensive production are compatible with food safety. the widespread assumption that the free-range environment contaminates extens ... | 2008 | 18412548 |