Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| the response of campylobacter jejuni to low temperature differs from that of escherichia coli. | human infection with campylobacter jejuni is often associated with the consumption of foods that have been exposed to both chilling and high temperatures. despite the public health importance of this pathogen, little is known about the effects of cold exposure on its ability to survive a subsequent heat challenge. this work examined the effect of rapid exposure to chilling, as would occur in poultry processing, on the heat resistance at 56 degrees c of two c. jejuni strains, 11168 and 2097e48, a ... | 2009 | 19648365 |
| novel clonal complexes with an unknown animal reservoir dominate campylobacter jejuni isolates from river water in new zealand. | campylobacter jejuni is widely distributed in the environment, and river water has been shown to carry high levels of the organism. in this study, 244 c. jejuni isolates from three river catchment areas in new zealand were characterized using multilocus sequence typing. forty-nine of the 88 sequence types identified were new. the most common sequence types identified were st-2381 (30 isolates), st-45 (25 isolates), and st-1225 (23 isolates). the majority of the sequence types identified in the r ... | 2009 | 19648367 |
| amoxicillin therapy of poultry flocks: effect upon the selection of amoxicillin-resistant commensal campylobacter spp. | the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of amoxicillin therapy of poultry flocks upon the persistence of commensal campylobacter spp. and the incidence of antibiotic resistance. | 2009 | 19656785 |
| campylobacter coli prosthetic hip infection associated with ingestion of contaminated oysters. | this report describes the first reported case of a prosthetic hip joint infection due to campylobacter coli. the infection presumably resulted from ingestion of contaminated raw oysters. issues regarding original smear interpretation, culture isolation, and susceptibility testing are presented. | 2009 | 19656982 |
| efflux-mediated drug resistance in bacteria: an update. | drug efflux pumps play a key role in drug resistance and also serve other functions in bacteria. there has been a growing list of multidrug and drug-specific efflux pumps characterized from bacteria of human, animal, plant and environmental origins. these pumps are mostly encoded on the chromosome, although they can also be plasmid-encoded. a previous article in this journal provided a comprehensive review regarding efflux-mediated drug resistance in bacteria. in the past 5 years, significant pr ... | 2009 | 19678712 |
| spatiotemporal homogeneity of campylobacter subtypes from cattle and sheep across northeastern and southwestern scotland. | source attribution using molecular subtypes has implicated cattle and sheep as sources of human campylobacter infection. whether the campylobacter subtypes associated with cattle and sheep vary spatiotemporally remains poorly known, especially at national levels. here we describe spatiotemporal patterns of prevalence, bacterial enumeration, and subtype composition in campylobacter isolates from cattle and sheep feces from northeastern (63 farms, 414 samples) and southwestern (71 farms, 449 sampl ... | 2009 | 19700557 |
| functional analysis of the helicobacter pylori flagellar switch proteins. | helicobacter pylori uses flagellum-mediated chemotaxis to promote infection. bacterial flagella change rotational direction by changing the state of the flagellar motor via a subcomplex referred to as the switch. intriguingly, the h. pylori genome encodes four switch complex proteins, flim, flin, fliy, and flig, instead of the more typical three of escherichia coli or bacillus subtilis. our goal was to examine whether and how all four switch proteins participate in flagellation. previous work de ... | 2009 | 19767432 |
| prevalence of campylobacter spp. in raw retail poultry on sale in northern ireland. | a year-long survey of fresh, retail poultry products on sale in northern ireland was undertaken to define the prevalence of campylobacter spp. by using protocols based on iso (standard) 10272-1:2006. incubation at 37 and 42 degrees c was undertaken to increase the diversity of isolates obtained. overall, 652 isolates were identified as campylobacter spp. by using pcr and amplified fragment length polymorphic typing. phenotyping wrongly identified 21% of isolates. prevalences of campylobacter fou ... | 2009 | 19777882 |
| long-term survival of campylobacter jejuni at low temperatures is dependent on polynucleotide phosphorylase activity. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. infection generally occurs after ingestion of contaminated poultry products, usually conserved at low temperatures. the mechanisms promoting survival of c. jejuni in the cold remain poorly understood despite several investigations. the present study provides insight into the survival mechanism by establishing the involvement of polynucleotide phosphorylase (pnpase), a 3'-5' exoribonuclease with multiple biological fu ... | 2009 | 19801468 |
| campylobacter species occurrence within internal organs and tissues of commercial caged leghorn laying hens. | campylobacter spp. are frequently present in the intestinal tract and internal tissues of broiler breeder and broiler chickens. campylobacter spp. ecology in commercial leghorn laying hens has not been extensively studied. the objectives of the current study were to determine 1) campylobacter spp. presence in the reproductive tract, lymphoid organs, liver-gallbladder, and ceca of commercial leghorn laying hens; 2) species of campylobacter present; and 3) antimicrobial resistance pattern of campy ... | 2009 | 19834099 |
| characterization of the oxidative stress stimulon and perr regulon of campylobacter jejuni. | during gut colonization, the enteric pathogen campylobacter jejuni must surmount the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species produced by its own metabolism, the host immune system, and intestinal microflora. elucidation of c. jejuni oxidative stress defense mechanisms is critical for understanding campylobacter pathophysiology. | 2009 | 19835633 |
| campylobacter excreted into the environment by animal sources: prevalence, concentration shed, and host association. | an intensive study of 443 isolates of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli from 2031 fecal samples excreted by animal sources including cattle, sheep, and pigs, a range of wild and domesticated avian species and pets is described. the prevalence found in the majority of animal sources ranged from 22% to 28% with poultry being highest at 41% and cats and dogs lowest (<5%). the average count excreted for each animal source was found not to be significantly different ranging from approximate ... | 2009 | 19839759 |
| efficacy of mini vidas for the detection of campylobacter spp. from retail broiler meat enriched in bolton broth, with or without the supplementation of blood. | the goals of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of the mini vidas automated immunoassay chemistry system to detect campylobacter spp. from retail broiler meat enriched in bolton broth supplemented with lysed blood (b+b) or without blood (b-b), and to detect positive samples at 24 versus 48 h after enrichment. retail broiler meat was enriched and tested for campylobacter spp. with the mini vidas and with an agar plate. isolates were speciated with a multiplex pcr and typed with pulsed-field ... | 2009 | 19903413 |
| description and sources of contamination by campylobacter spp. of river water destined for human consumption in brittany, france. | presence or absence of campylobacter spp. in water of five rivers upstream from an intake point for drinking water production was investigated, and isolates genetically compared with human, pig and poultry isolates in order to determine their source. river water and drinking water obtained from these rivers were sampled one time per month, over a period of one year, and tested for campylobacter. isolates were typed by pfge. campylobacter was not detected in treated drinking water, but 50% of the ... | 2009 | 19942377 |
| occurrence of thermophilic campylobacter spp. contamination on vegetable farms in malaysia. | the aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of thermophilic campylobacter spp. (campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli) in soil, poultry manure, irrigation water, and freshly harvested vegetables from vegetable farms in malaysia. c. jejuni was detected in 30.4% and 2.7% of the soil samples, 57.1% and 0% of the manure samples, and 18.8% and 3% of the vegetable samples from farm a and farm b, respectively, when using the mpnpcr method. campylobacter spp. was not found in any of ... | 2009 | 19996696 |
| helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide modification, lewis antigen expression, and gastric colonization are cholesterol-dependent. | helicobacter pylori specifically takes up cholesterol and incorporates it into the bacterial membrane, yet little is currently known about cholesterol's physiological roles. we compared phenotypes and in vivo colonization ability of h. pylori grown in a defined, serum-free growth medium, f12 with 1 mg/ml albumin containing 0 to 50 mug/ml cholesterol. | 2009 | 20003432 |
| the hemolytic and cytolytic activities of serratia marcescens phospholipase a (phla) depend on lysophospholipid production by phla. | serratia marcescens is a gram-negative bacterium and often causes nosocomial infections. there have been few studies of the virulence factors of this bacterium. the only s. marcescens hemolytic and cytotoxic factor reported, thus far, is the hemolysin shla. | 2009 | 20003541 |
| easy-to-use rapid test for direct detection of campylobacter spp. in chicken feces. | human campylobacteriosis is the leading cause of acute bacterial gastroenteritis in developed countries. one important source of infection is poultry. results from the dutch campylobacter risk management and assessment project indicate that meat from broiler flocks shedding >or=7 log cfu campylobacter per g of feces poses the greatest risk of transmitting campylobacteriosis. the objective of this study was to develop a simple and rapid test that would identify chicken flocks shedding high number ... | 2009 | 20003729 |
| [molecular investigation of relatedness of campylobacter coli isolated from child with campylobacteriosis and healthy, household dog]. | thermotolerant species of campylobacter (mainly c. jejuni and c. coli) are among the most frequently isolated bacterial agents of gastroenteritis in many developed countries. c. coli is less prevalent than c. jejuni. the main reservoir of c. coli is swine, however this pathogen may also be found in poultry, cattle and pets. genotypic methods have successfully been applied to the subtyping of campylobacter species in epidemiological investigation. in the present study we report a case of isolatio ... | 2009 | 20120926 |
| diversity and habitat specificity of free-living protozoa in commercial poultry houses. | despite stringent biosecurity measures, infections by bacterial food pathogens such as campylobacter are a recurrent problem in industrial poultry houses. as the main transmission route remains unclear, persistence of these infections has been linked to bacterial survival and possibly multiplication within protozoan vectors. to date, however, virtually no information is available on the diversity and occurrence of free-living protozoa in these environments. using a combination of microscopic ana ... | 2009 | 19124593 |
| structures of acrr and cmer: insight into the mechanisms of transcriptional repression and multi-drug recognition in the tetr family of regulators. | the transcriptional regulators of the tetr family act as chemical sensors to monitor the cellular environment in many bacterial species. to perform this function, members of the tetr family harbor a diverse ligand-binding domain capable of recognizing the same series of compounds as the transporters they regulate. many of the regulators can be induced by a wide array of structurally unrelated compounds. binding of these structurally unrelated ligands to the regulator results in a conformational ... | 2009 | 19130905 |
| structures of acrr and cmer: insight into the mechanisms of transcriptional repression and multi-drug recognition in the tetr family of regulators. | the transcriptional regulators of the tetr family act as chemical sensors to monitor the cellular environment in many bacterial species. to perform this function, members of the tetr family harbor a diverse ligand-binding domain capable of recognizing the same series of compounds as the transporters they regulate. many of the regulators can be induced by a wide array of structurally unrelated compounds. binding of these structurally unrelated ligands to the regulator results in a conformational ... | 2009 | 19130905 |
| comparison of loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay and conventional culture methods for detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in naturally contaminated chicken meat samples. | we investigated the efficacy of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for detection of chicken meat samples naturally contaminated with campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. a total of 144 preston enrichment broth cultures from chicken meat samples were assessed by using the lamp assay and conventional culture methods, which consist of a combination of preston enrichment culturing and plating onto butzler and modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agars. compared with ... | 2009 | 19139242 |
| oxidative stress-induced peptidoglycan deacetylase in helicobacter pylori. | structural modification of peptidoglycan (pg) is one of the mechanisms that pathogenic bacteria use to evade the host innate immune system. for the noninvasive human gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori, pg delivery to the host cells is one trigger of the immune response. h. pylori hp310 was markedly up-expressed upon cell exposure to oxidative stress. however, disruption of hp310 did not produce a phenotype distinguishable from the parent, including oxidative stress resistance characteristics. ... | 2009 | 19147492 |
| roles of lipooligosaccharide and capsular polysaccharide in antimicrobial resistance and natural transformation of campylobacter jejuni. | this study is aimed to determine the role of capsular polysaccharide (cps) and lipooligosaccharide (los) in modulating antimicrobial resistance and natural transformation of campylobacter jejuni, an important food-borne human pathogen. | 2009 | 19147521 |
| recombineering reveals a diverse collection of ribosomal proteins l4 and l22 that confer resistance to macrolide antibiotics. | mutations in ribosomal proteins l4 and l22 confer resistance to erythromycin and other macrolide antibiotics in a variety of bacteria. l4 and l22 have elongated loops whose tips converge in the peptide exit tunnel near the macrolide-binding site, and resistance mutations typically affect residues within these loops. here, we used bacteriophage lambda red-mediated recombination, or "recombineering," to uncover new l4 and l22 alleles that confer macrolide resistance in escherichia coli. we randomi ... | 2009 | 19150357 |
| a dnase encoded by integrated element cjie1 inhibits natural transformation of campylobacter jejuni. | the species campylobacter jejuni is considered naturally competent for dna uptake and displays strong genetic diversity. nevertheless, nonnaturally transformable strains and several relatively stable clonal lineages exist. in the present study, the molecular mechanism responsible for the nonnatural transformability of a subset of c. jejuni strains was investigated. comparative genome hybridization indicated that c. jejuni mu-like prophage integrated element 1 (cjie1) was more abundant in nonnatu ... | 2009 | 19151136 |
| identification of novel carbohydrate modifications on campylobacter jejuni 11168 flagellin using metabolomics-based approaches. | it is well known that the flagellin of campylobacter jejuni is extensively glycosylated by pseudaminic acid and the related acetamindino derivative, in addition to flagellin glycosylation being essential for motility and colonization of host cells. recently, the use of metabolomics permitted the unequivocal characterization of unique flagellin modifications in campylobacter, including novel legionaminic acid sugars in campylobacter coli, which had been impossible to ascertain in earlier studies ... | 2009 | 19154343 |
| severe diarrhoea caused by highly ciprofloxacin-susceptible campylobacter isolates. | the impact of fluoroquinolone resistance of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates on the outcome of the disease in sporadic campylobacter infections of finnish individuals was studied. questionnaires were sent, during a 6-month study period, to patients who were stool culture-positive for campylobacter spp. in total, 192 returned questionnaires were analysed and assessed, together with the susceptibility data of the respective bacterial isolates. only one (2%) of the domestic, but ... | 2009 | 19154485 |
| a campylobacter jejuni znua orthologue is essential for growth in low-zinc environments and chick colonization. | campylobacter jejuni infection is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in the united states and is acquired primarily through the ingestion of contaminated poultry products. here, we describe the c. jejuni orthologue of znua in other gram-negative bacteria. znua (cj0143c) is the periplasmic component of a putative zinc abc transport system and is encoded on a zinc-dependent operon with cj0142c and cj0141c, which encode the other two likely components of the transport system of c. jejuni. ... | 2009 | 19103921 |
| a campylobacter jejuni znua orthologue is essential for growth in low-zinc environments and chick colonization. | campylobacter jejuni infection is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in the united states and is acquired primarily through the ingestion of contaminated poultry products. here, we describe the c. jejuni orthologue of znua in other gram-negative bacteria. znua (cj0143c) is the periplasmic component of a putative zinc abc transport system and is encoded on a zinc-dependent operon with cj0142c and cj0141c, which encode the other two likely components of the transport system of c. jejuni. ... | 2009 | 19103921 |
| antimicrobial activity of prulifloxacin tested against a worldwide collection of gastroenteritis-producing pathogens, including those causing traveler's diarrhea. | prulifloxacin, the prodrug of ulifloxacin (active component), is a newer fluoroquinolone with broad activity against enteric and nonenteric gram-negative bacilli. ulifloxacin and other oral comparator agents were tested for activity against 582 gastroenteritis strains from global surveillance studies. ulifloxacin was highly active against escherichia coli, salmonella spp., shigella spp., yersinia spp., vibrio spp., aeromonas spp., and plesiomonas spp. (mic(50)s and mic(90)s, <or=0.03 microg/ml a ... | 2009 | 19114678 |
| antimicrobial activity of prulifloxacin tested against a worldwide collection of gastroenteritis-producing pathogens, including those causing traveler's diarrhea. | prulifloxacin, the prodrug of ulifloxacin (active component), is a newer fluoroquinolone with broad activity against enteric and nonenteric gram-negative bacilli. ulifloxacin and other oral comparator agents were tested for activity against 582 gastroenteritis strains from global surveillance studies. ulifloxacin was highly active against escherichia coli, salmonella spp., shigella spp., yersinia spp., vibrio spp., aeromonas spp., and plesiomonas spp. (mic(50)s and mic(90)s, <or=0.03 microg/ml a ... | 2009 | 19114678 |
| erythromycin resistance by l4/l22 mutations and resistance masking by drug efflux pump deficiency. | we characterized the effects of classical erythromycin resistance mutations in ribosomal proteins l4 and l22 of the large ribosomal subunit on the kinetics of erythromycin binding. our data are consistent with a mechanism in which the macrolide erythromycin enters and exits the ribosome through the nascent peptide exit tunnel, and suggest that these mutations both impair passive transport through the tunnel and distort the erythromycin-binding site. the growth-inhibitory action of erythromycin w ... | 2009 | 19197244 |
| inter- and intra-genomic heterogeneity of the intervening sequence in the 23s ribosomal rna gene of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | an intervening sequence (ivs) can be present or absent in the 23s rrna of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. as part of a survey, we used a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay to detect the presence of the ivs in 43 isolates of c. coli and 82 isolates of c. jejuni. an ivs was present in 40 (93.0%) of the c. coli and only 34 (41.5%) of the c. jejuni isolates. twelve (27.9%) of the c. coli isolates and seven (8.5%) of the c. jejuni isolates resulted in two polymerase chain reaction pro ... | 2009 | 19201124 |
| prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in market-weight turkeys on-farm and at slaughter. | to monitor the effects of feed withdrawal on the prevalence of campylobacter, market-weight turkeys from six farms were examined before and after perimarketing events (feed withdrawal, transport, and holding at the slaughterhouse). prior to transport, birds (n = 30 per farm) were slaughtered on-farm, and viscera (crops, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, ceca, gallbladder, and spleen) were removed on the premises. within ca. 48 h, cohorts (n = 30 per farm) from the same flock were transported to a ... | 2009 | 19205462 |
| genetic diversity of campylobacter on broiler carcasses collected preevisceration and postchill in 17 u.s. poultry processing plants. | campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are the most important human enteropathogens among the campylobacters. the objective of this study was to determine how diversity in campylobacter populations found on chicken carcasses collected from 17 broiler processing plants in the united states is impacted by processing. genetic diversity was determined for up to four isolates per carcass by sequencing the short variable region (svr) of the flaa locus. on 70% of campylobacter-positive carcasses, ... | 2009 | 19205463 |
| genotyping of campylobacter coli isolated from humans and retail meats using multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | to determine the antimicrobial resistant profiles and clonality of campylobacter coli isolated from clinically ill humans and retail meats. | 2009 | 19226383 |
| a pan-european survey of antimicrobial susceptibility towards human-use antimicrobial drugs among zoonotic and commensal enteric bacteria isolated from healthy food-producing animals. | the aim of the study was to study antimicrobial susceptibility in escherichia coli, salmonella, campylobacter and enterococcus recovered from chickens, pigs and cattle using uniform methodology. | 2009 | 19233897 |
| antiganglioside antibodies and their pathophysiological effects on guillain-barré syndrome and related disorders--a review. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) is an acute immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy which can cause acute quadriplegia. infection with micro-organisms, including campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni), haemophilus influenzae, and cytomegalovirus (cmv), is recognized as a main triggering event for the disease. lipooligosaccharide (los) genes are responsible for the formation of human ganglioside-like los structures in infectious micro-organisms that can induce gbs. molecular mimicry of loss on the surface ... | 2009 | 19240270 |
| evaluation of procedures for outer membrane isolation from campylobacter jejuni. | although infection with campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of gastroenteritis worldwide, relatively little is known about the factors that are required to elicit a protective immune response. the need for a vaccine against this pathogen is well recognized and a number of vaccine candidates have been tested with varying degrees of success; however, there is still a lack of a suitable vaccine. to gain a better understanding of the outer-membrane protein components of this organism, ... | 2009 | 19246768 |
| antibiotic resistance in campylobacter: emergence, transmission and persistence. | campylobacter is a leading foodborne bacterial pathogen, which causes gastroenteritis in humans. this pathogenic organism is increasingly resistant to antibiotics, especially fluoroquinolones and macrolides, which are the most frequently used antimicrobials for the treatment of campylobacteriosis when clinical therapy is warranted. as a zoonotic pathogen, campylobacter has a broad animal reservoir and infects humans via contaminated food, water or milk. antibiotic usage in both animal agricultur ... | 2009 | 19257846 |
| attribution of campylobacter infections in northeast scotland to specific sources by use of multilocus sequence typing. | we show that a higher incidence of campylobacteriosis is found in young children (age, <5 years) living in rural, compared with urban, areas. association of this difference with particular animal sources was evaluated using multilocus sequence typing. this evaluation was achieved by comparing campylobacter isolates originating from these children, retail poultry, and a range of animal sources by use of source attribution and phylogenetic analysis methods. the results indicate that chicken is a m ... | 2009 | 19265482 |
| campylobacter genotypes from food animals, environmental sources and clinical disease in scotland 2005/6. | a nationwide multi-locus sequence typing (mlst) survey was implemented to analyze patterns of host association among campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates from clinical disease in scotland (july 2005-september 2006), food animals (chickens, cattle, sheep, pigs and turkey), non-food animals (wild birds) and the environment. sequence types (sts) were determined for 5247 clinical isolates and 999 from potential disease sources (augmented with 2420 published sts). certain sts were ove ... | 2009 | 19269051 |
| campylobacter genotyping to determine the source of human infection. | campylobacter species cause a high proportion of bacterial gastroenteritis cases and are a significant burden on health care systems and economies worldwide; however, the relative contributions of the various possible sources of infection in humans are unclear. | 2009 | 19275496 |
| the cmp-legionaminic acid pathway in campylobacter: biosynthesis involving novel gdp-linked precursors. | the sialic acid-like sugar 5,7-diacetamido-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxy-d-glycero-d-galacto-nonulosonic acid, or legion-aminic acid, is found as a virulence-associated cell-surface glycoconjugate in the gram-negative bacteria legionella pneumophila and campylobacter coli. l. pneumophila serogroup 1 strains, causative agents of legionnaire's disease, contain an alpha2,4-linked homopolymer of legionaminic acid within their lipopolysaccharide o-chains, whereas the gastrointestinal pathogen c. coli modifies i ... | 2009 | 19282391 |
| molecular epidemiology and characterization of campylobacter spp. isolated from wild bird populations in northern england. | campylobacter infections have been reported at prevalences ranging from 2 to 50% in a range of wild bird species, although there have been few studies that have investigated the molecular epidemiology of campylobacter spp. consequently, whether wild birds are a source of infection in humans or domestic livestock or are mainly recipients of domestic animal strains and whether separate cycles of infection occur remain unknown. to address these questions, serial cross-sectional surveys of wild bird ... | 2009 | 19286781 |
| regulation of superoxide dismutase (sod) genes by sara in staphylococcus aureus. | the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ros) within cells is regulated by several interacting factors, including transcriptional regulators. involvement of sara family genes in the regulation of proteins involved in the scavenging of ros is largely unknown. in this report, we show that under aerobic conditions, the levels of sodm and soda transcription, in particular the sodm transcript, are markedly enhanced in the sara mutant among the tested sara family mutants. increased levels of sod exp ... | 2009 | 19286803 |
| independent evolution of neurotoxin and flagellar genetic loci in proteolytic clostridium botulinum. | proteolytic clostridium botulinum is the causative agent of botulism, a severe neuroparalytic illness. given the severity of botulism, surprisingly little is known of the population structure, biology, phylogeny or evolution of c. botulinum. the recent determination of the genome sequence of c. botulinum has allowed comparative genomic indexing using a dna microarray. | 2009 | 19298644 |
| campylobacter jejuni glycosylation island important in cell charge, legionaminic acid biosynthesis, and colonization of chickens. | previously, we identified five genes (cj1321 to cj1326, of which cj1325 and cj1326 are a single gene) in the o-linked flagellin glycosylation island that are highly prevalent in campylobacter jejuni isolates from chickens. we report mutagenesis, functional, and structural data to confirm that this locus, and cj1324 in particular, has a significant contributory role in the colonization of chickens by c. jejuni. a motile deltacj1324 mutant with intact flagella was considerably less hydrophobic and ... | 2009 | 19307210 |
| incidence and risk factors for community-acquired acute gastroenteritis in north-west germany in 2004. | in developed countries, acute gastroenteritis (age) is a major source of morbidity. however, only a few studies have estimated its incidence and the associated medical burden. this population-based study determined the incidence of community-acquired age patients seeking medical care and the relative role of various pathogens. stool samples from patients with age presenting to a general practitioner (gp), pediatrician, or specialist in internal medicine for that reason were screened for various ... | 2009 | 19319582 |
| survival at refrigeration and freezing temperatures of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni on chicken skin applied as axenic and mixed inoculums. | campylobacter is considered to be the most common cause of bacterial diarrhoeal illness in the developed world. many cases are thought to be acquired from consumption of undercooked poultry. the aim of this study was to compare the effect of the rate of cooling on the survival, at 4 degrees c and -20 degrees c, of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni strains, inoculated on chicken skin from axenic culture or as mixed inoculums. strains chilled in a domestic refrigerator varied in their to ... | 2009 | 19324444 |
| temporal patterns and risk factors for escherichia coli o157 and campylobacter spp, in young cattle. | escherichia coli o157 and campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are zoonotic pathogens originating from farm animals. cattle are the main reservoir for e. coli o157 and also contribute to human cases of campylobacteriosis through contaminated milk, direct contact, and environmental contamination. thirty groups of young cattle on 30 farms were observed for 7 months and sampled on 4 to 6 separate occasions for e. coli o157 and c. jejuni/coli to characterize shedding patterns and identify ris ... | 2009 | 19343935 |
| comparative studies of campylobacter jejuni genomic diversity reveal the importance of core and dispensable genes in the biology of this enigmatic food-borne pathogen. | mlst, dna microarrays, and genome sequencing has allowed for a greater understanding of the metabolic capacity and epidemiology of campylobacter jejuni. while strain-specific genes may provide an isolate a selective advantage in environments and contribute to the organism's pathogenicity, recent work indicates that c. jejuni pathogenicity is dictated by variations in the nucleotide sequence of core genes. challenges facing c. jejuni researchers include determining (a) the degree to which genomic ... | 2009 | 19346123 |
| campylobacter colonization of the turkey intestine in the context of microbial community development. | patterns of microbial community dynamics in the turkey intestine were examined. every week of the 18-week production cycle, cecal bacterial communities and campylobacter loads were examined from five birds for each of two flocks. molecular fingerprinting via the automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (arisa) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) of the cecal samples revealed that microbial communities changed in a time-dependent manner, and during both trials the ... | 2009 | 19346343 |
| a longitudinal study of campylobacter distribution in a turkey production chain. | campylobacter is the most common cause of bacterial enteritis worldwide. handling and eating of contaminated poultry meat has considered as one of the risk factors for human campylobacteriosis. campylobacter contamination can occur at all stages of a poultry production cycle. the objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of campylobacter during a complete turkey production cycle which lasts for 1,5 years of time. for detection of campylobacter, a conventional culture method was com ... | 2009 | 19348687 |
| functional characterization of excision repair and reca-dependent recombinational dna repair in campylobacter jejuni. | the presence and functionality of dna repair mechanisms in campylobacter jejuni are largely unknown. in silico analysis of the complete translated genome of c. jejuni nctc 11168 suggests the presence of genes involved in methyl-directed mismatch repair (mmr), nucleotide excision repair, base excision repair (ber), and recombinational repair. to assess the functionality of these putative repair mechanisms in c. jejuni, muts, uvrb, ung, and reca knockout mutants were constructed and analyzed for t ... | 2009 | 19376866 |
| dynamics of campylobacter colonization of a natural host, sturnus vulgaris (european starling). | wild european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) shed campylobacter at high rates, suggesting that they may be a source of human and farm animal infection. a survey of campylobacter shedding of 957 wild starlings was undertaken by culture of faecal specimens and genetic analysis of the campylobacters isolated: shedding rates were 30.6% for campylobacter jejuni, 0.6% for c. coli and 6.3% for c. lari. genotyping by multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and antigen sequence typing established that these bact ... | 2009 | 18826435 |
| risk factors for campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in young cattle on english and welsh farms. | campylobacter jejuni and c. coli are the most prevalent causes of bacterial diarrhoea in most of the western world. in great britain, the source remains unknown for the majority of cases, though poultry is considered the main source of infection. molecular typing methods identify cattle as a potential source of a proportion of the non-source-attributed cases, mainly through direct contact, environmental contamination or milk, but little is known about the epidemiology of campylobacter in cattle. ... | 2009 | 18835052 |
| initial studies using aliphatic beta-nitro alcohols for therapeutic corneal cross-linking. | corneal collagen cross-linking through uva-riboflavin photochemistry (uvar) has been shown to be an effective treatment for keratoconus and related keratectasias. in recent studies using sclera, the authors observed that short-chain aliphatic beta-nitro alcohols can cross-link collagenous tissue under physiologic conditions. thus, this study was undertaken to evaluate these agents as potential pharmacologic alternatives to uvar. | 2009 | 18836172 |
| initial studies using aliphatic beta-nitro alcohols for therapeutic corneal cross-linking. | corneal collagen cross-linking through uva-riboflavin photochemistry (uvar) has been shown to be an effective treatment for keratoconus and related keratectasias. in recent studies using sclera, the authors observed that short-chain aliphatic beta-nitro alcohols can cross-link collagenous tissue under physiologic conditions. thus, this study was undertaken to evaluate these agents as potential pharmacologic alternatives to uvar. | 2009 | 18836172 |
| can campylobacter coli induce guillain-barré syndrome? | 2009 | 19002726 | |
| campylobacter immunity and coinfection following a large outbreak in a farming community. | an outbreak of campylobacteriosis affected approximately one-half of 165 people attending an annual farmers' dance in montrose, scotland, in november 2005. epidemiological investigations, including a cohort study (n = 164), identified chicken liver paté as the most likely vehicle of infection. paté preparation involved deliberate undercooking of chicken livers by flash-frying, followed by mechanical homogenization. typing of 32 campylobacter strains (isolated from submitted stools) by multilocus ... | 2009 | 19005146 |
| campylobacter immunity and coinfection following a large outbreak in a farming community. | an outbreak of campylobacteriosis affected approximately one-half of 165 people attending an annual farmers' dance in montrose, scotland, in november 2005. epidemiological investigations, including a cohort study (n = 164), identified chicken liver paté as the most likely vehicle of infection. paté preparation involved deliberate undercooking of chicken livers by flash-frying, followed by mechanical homogenization. typing of 32 campylobacter strains (isolated from submitted stools) by multilocus ... | 2009 | 19005146 |
| rapid evolution and the importance of recombination to the gastroenteric pathogen campylobacter jejuni. | responsible for the majority of bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world, campylobacter jejuni is a pervasive pathogen of humans and animals, but its evolution is obscure. in this paper, we exploit contemporary genetic diversity and empirical evidence to piece together the evolutionary history of c. jejuni and quantify its evolutionary potential. our combined population genetics-phylogenetics approach reveals a surprising picture. campylobacter jejuni is a rapidly evolving species, subje ... | 2009 | 19008526 |
| 23s rrna gene mutations contributing to macrolide resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | the genetic basis of macrolide resistance in campylobacter coli (n = 17) and c. jejuni (n = 35) isolates previously subjected to in vivo selective pressure was investigated to determine if the number of copies of 23s rrna genes with macrolide-associated mutations affects the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of macrolides. sequence data for domain v of the 23s rrna gene revealed that two macrolide-resistant c. coli isolates had adenine-->guanine transitions at position 2059 (a2059g, escheri ... | 2009 | 19014274 |
| survival of campylobacter spp. in bovine faeces on pasture. | to determine the survival on pasture of campylobacter spp. naturally present in bovine faeces and compare this with a previously published study using laboratory-cultured campylobacter spp. | 2009 | 19018956 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and strain type diversity of campylobacter jejuni isolates from turkeys in eastern north carolina. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis, and recent findings suggest that turkeys are an important reservoir for this organism. in this study, 80 c. jejuni isolates from eastern north carolina were characterized for resistance to nine antimicrobials, and strain types were determined by fla typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) with smai and kpni, and (for 41 isolates) multilocus sequence typing (mlst). pfge analysis suggested that many o ... | 2009 | 19028914 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and strain type diversity of campylobacter jejuni isolates from turkeys in eastern north carolina. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis, and recent findings suggest that turkeys are an important reservoir for this organism. in this study, 80 c. jejuni isolates from eastern north carolina were characterized for resistance to nine antimicrobials, and strain types were determined by fla typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) with smai and kpni, and (for 41 isolates) multilocus sequence typing (mlst). pfge analysis suggested that many o ... | 2009 | 19028914 |
| quantifying transmission of campylobacter jejuni in commercial broiler flocks. | since meat from poultry colonized with campylobacter spp. is a major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, human exposure should be reduced by, among other things, prevention of colonization of broiler flocks. to obtain more insight into possible sources of introduction of campylobacter into broiler flocks, it is essential to estimate the moment that the first bird in a flock is colonized. if the rate of transmission within a flock were known, such an estimate could be determined from the change i ... | 2009 | 19047389 |
| quantifying transmission of campylobacter jejuni in commercial broiler flocks. | since meat from poultry colonized with campylobacter spp. is a major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, human exposure should be reduced by, among other things, prevention of colonization of broiler flocks. to obtain more insight into possible sources of introduction of campylobacter into broiler flocks, it is essential to estimate the moment that the first bird in a flock is colonized. if the rate of transmission within a flock were known, such an estimate could be determined from the change i ... | 2009 | 19047389 |
| campylobacter and arcobacter species sensitivity to commercial orange oil fractions. | seven orange oil fractions were screened for their ability to inhibit the growth of selected campylobacter and arcobacter spp. using the standard agar-disk diffusion assay. cold pressed (cp) terpeneless valencia orange oil was found to be the most inhibitory to both campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, exhibiting maximum zones of inhibition up to 80+/-0.0 mm. five-fold concentrated valencia oil and distilled d-limonene resulted in campylobacter inhibition zones ranging from 11.0+/-1.4 to ... | 2009 | 19070381 |
| detection of escherichia coli, salmonella spp., shigella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, vibrio cholerae, and campylobacter spp. enteropathogens by 3-reaction multiplex polymerase chain reaction. | the magnitude of bacterial diarrhea in developing countries is largely unknown because affordable detection methods are not available. we have developed a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay for use in areas with limited resources to screen for diarrheogenic strains from clinical isolates. to simplify the assay and minimize reagents, our method implemented the use of plasmids rather than bacteria as template controls and the use of bacterial suspensions or crude dna preparations rather t ... | 2009 | 18990527 |
| detection of escherichia coli, salmonella spp., shigella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, vibrio cholerae, and campylobacter spp. enteropathogens by 3-reaction multiplex polymerase chain reaction. | the magnitude of bacterial diarrhea in developing countries is largely unknown because affordable detection methods are not available. we have developed a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay for use in areas with limited resources to screen for diarrheogenic strains from clinical isolates. to simplify the assay and minimize reagents, our method implemented the use of plasmids rather than bacteria as template controls and the use of bacterial suspensions or crude dna preparations rather t ... | 2009 | 18990527 |
| antimicrobial drug resistance as determined by the e-test in campylobacter jejuni, c. coli, and c. lari isolates from the ceca of broiler and layer chickens in grenada. | one hundred and twenty five chickens from grenada, consisting of 77 broilers and 48 layers were examined for carriage of thermophilic campylobacters in their ceca by culture. seventy nine percent of chickens were positive for campylobacters, with an isolation rate of 93.5% for broilers and 56.3% for layers, the difference being significant. sixty-four pure cultures comprising 39 campylobacter coli, 21 campylobacter jejuni, and 4 campyilobacter lari isolates were tested for their resistance again ... | 2009 | 18329712 |
| prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and its resistance to antibiotics in poultry in the czech republic. | thermotolerant campylobacter spp., in particular campylobacter jejuni, are among the most frequently identified pathogens, found to be causing human gastrointestinal infections in europe, with the czech republic being no exception. the presented work aimed at assessing results of the first nationwide monitoring of prevalence and antibiotic resistance of campylobacter spp. in broiler flocks in the czech republic, including a comparison of antibiotic resistance of c. jejuni isolates collected from ... | 2009 | 18771516 |
| campylobacteriosis and other bacterial gastrointestinal diseases in sofia, bulgaria for the period 1987-2008. | campylobacter is the most commonly reported enteric bacterial pathogen in humans. we still do not have any systematic data concerning campylobacteriosis in bulgaria. for that reason, we present data of the thermophilic campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in the aetiology of diarrhoeal diseases in sofia, for the period from 1987 to 2008. the study included patients from 0 to over 65 years-old. a total of 51,607 faecal specimens were screened for campylobacter. c. jejuni and c. coli were d ... | 2010 | 20122383 |
| spondylodiscitis and an aortic aneurysm due to campylobacter coli. | campylobacter coli is a rare cause of bacteremia. we report here the first case of c.coli spondylodiscitis complicated by an aortic aneurysm. outcome was favourable with surgery and antibiotic therapy. | 2010 | 20132561 |
| rapid detection and differentiation of campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter lari in food, using multiplex real-time pcr. | a multiplex real-time pcr assay based on four differently labeled taqman probes for detection and differentiation of the thermophilic campylobacter species c. jejuni, c. coli, and c. lari was established and validated in food products. this assay combines two previously published pcr assays for c. jejuni and c. coli with a newly developed detection assay for c. lari and an internal amplification control system. the selectivity of the method was determined by analyzing 70 campylobacter strains an ... | 2010 | 20132668 |
| homopolymeric tracts represent a general regulatory mechanism in prokaryotes. | while, traditionally, regulation of gene expression can be grouped into transcriptional, translational, and post-translational mechanisms, some mechanisms of rapid genetic variation can also contribute to regulation of gene expression, e.g., phase variation. | 2010 | 20144225 |
| generation of the pathogenic r5-tropic simian/human immunodeficiency virus shivad8 by serial passaging in rhesus macaques. | a new pathogenic r5-tropic simian/human immunodeficiency virus (shiv) was generated following serial passaging in rhesus macaques. all 13 animals inoculated with shiv(ad8) passaged lineages experienced marked depletions of cd4(+) t cells. ten of these infected monkeys became normal progressors (nps) and had gradual losses of both memory and naïve cd4(+) t lymphocytes, generated antiviral cd4(+) and cd8(+) t cell responses, and sustained chronic immune activation while maintaining variable levels ... | 2010 | 20147396 |
| characterization of two diesel fuel degrading microbial consortia enriched from a non acclimated, complex source of microorganisms. | the bioremediation of soils impacted by diesel fuels is very often limited by the lack of indigenous microflora with the required broad substrate specificity. in such cases, the soil inoculation with cultures with the desired catabolic capabilities (bioaugmentation) is an essential option. the use of consortia of microorganisms obtained from rich sources of microbes (e.g., sludges, composts, manure) via enrichment (i.e., serial growth transfers) on the polluting hydrocarbons would provide biorem ... | 2010 | 20158909 |
| a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis study of the genetic diversity of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in poultry flocks in slovenia. | campylobacter jejuni and c. coli have recently become the most frequent cause of bacterial foodborne enteric infection in most industrialised countries. consumption and handling of undercooked contaminated poultry meat was identified as an important risk factor for human campylobacteriosis. the aim of this study was to ascertain the genetic diversity of c. jejuni and c. coli strains isolated from poultry in slovenia. a total of 68 isolates (42 c. jejuni , 26 c. coli ) from faeces (n = 48), meat ... | 2010 | 20159735 |
| prolonged survival of campylobacter species in bovine manure compost. | the persistence of naturally occurring campylobacteria in aerobic compost constructed of manure from beef cattle that were administered chlortetracycline and sulfamethazine (as700) or from cattle not administered antibiotics (control) was examined. although there were no differences in population sizes of heterotrophic bacteria, the temperature of as700 compost was more variable and did not become as high as that of control compost. there were significant differences in water content, total carb ... | 2010 | 20023098 |
| comparison of pcr binary typing (p-bit), a new approach to epidemiological subtyping of campylobacter jejuni, with serotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and multilocus sequence typing methods. | to overcome some of the deficiencies with current molecular typing schema for campylobacter spp., we developed a prototype pcr binary typing (p-bit) approach. we investigated the distribution of 68 gene targets in 58 campylobacter jejuni strains, one campylobacter lari strain, and two campylobacter coli strains for this purpose. gene targets were selected on the basis of distribution in multiple genomes or plasmids, and known or putative status as an epidemicity factor. strains were examined wit ... | 2010 | 20023103 |
| activation of human and chicken toll-like receptors by campylobacter spp. | campylobacter infection in humans is accompanied by severe inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, in contrast to colonization of chicken. the basis for the differential host response is unknown. toll-like receptors (tlrs) sense and respond to microbes in the body and participate in the induction of an inflammatory response. thus far, the interaction of campylobacter with chicken tlrs has not been studied. here, we investigated the potential of four campylobacter strains to activate human tlr1/2/ ... | 2010 | 20038539 |
| activation of human and chicken toll-like receptors by campylobacter spp. | campylobacter infection in humans is accompanied by severe inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, in contrast to colonization of chicken. the basis for the differential host response is unknown. toll-like receptors (tlrs) sense and respond to microbes in the body and participate in the induction of an inflammatory response. thus far, the interaction of campylobacter with chicken tlrs has not been studied. here, we investigated the potential of four campylobacter strains to activate human tlr1/2/ ... | 2010 | 20038539 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities of multidrug-resistant campylobacter jejuni and c. coli strains: in vitro activities of 20 antimicrobial agents. | there is a paucity of information regarding antimicrobial agents that are suitable to treat severe infections caused by multidrug-resistant campylobacter spp. our aim was to identify agents that are potentially effective against multiresistant campylobacter strains. the in vitro activities of 20 antimicrobial agents against 238 campylobacter strains were analyzed by determining mics by the agar plate dilution method or the etest. these strains were selected from 1,808 campylobacter isolates coll ... | 2010 | 20038624 |
| genetic similarity of campylobacter isolates in humans, food, and water sources in central poland. | campylobacter spp. is an important cause of gastroenteritis in humans throughout the world. however, sources of these infections are often difficult to identify. therefore, this study aimed at analyzing the genetic relatedness of campylobacter isolates from environmental and food samples as well as stool specimens of diarrheal patients obtained in a single geographic region in poland. only a few campylobacter jejuni isolates (4/18, 22%) could be assigned to one cluster, whereas the majority were ... | 2010 | 20001328 |
| method for bacteriophage isolation against target campylobacter strains. | poultry meat is considered a major source of campylobacter. this micro-aerobic bacterium is commonly responsible for foodborne illness. this work focuses on the isolation of campylobacter coli lytic bacteriophages (phages) against target c. coli strains. | 2010 | 20002571 |
| species-specific identification and differentiation of arcobacter, helicobacter and campylobacter by full-spectral matrix-associated laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry analysis. | rapid and reliable identification of arcobacter and helicobacter species, and their distinction from phenotypically similar campylobacter species, has become increasingly important, since many of them are now recognized as human and/or animal pathogens. matrix-associated laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (maldi-tof) ms has been shown to be a rapid and sensitive method for characterization of micro-organisms. in this study, we therefore established a reference database of selected arcoba ... | 2010 | 19959629 |
| development of a dna microarray to detect antimicrobial resistance genes identified in the national center for biotechnology information database. | to understand the mechanisms and epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance (ar), the genetic elements responsible must be identified. due to the myriad of possible genes, a high-density genotyping technique is needed for initial screening. to achieve this, ar genes in the national center for biotechnology information genbank database were identified by their annotations and compiled into a nonredundant list of 775 genes. a dna microarray was constructed of 70mer oligonucelotide probes designed to ... | 2010 | 19916789 |
| recrudescent campylobacter jejuni infection in an immunocompetent adult following experimental infection with a well-characterized organism. | the recrudescence of infection with campylobacter jejuni after appropriate antibiotic treatment has not been previously reported in an immunocompetent adult. we present the complete clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic evaluation of a closely monitored healthy male with recrudescent c. jejuni infection occurring in the absence of immunodeficiency following experimental infection with a well-characterized strain. after antibiotic treatment, the initial infection was clinically cleared and mic ... | 2010 | 19923572 |
| recrudescent campylobacter jejuni infection in an immunocompetent adult following experimental infection with a well-characterized organism. | the recrudescence of infection with campylobacter jejuni after appropriate antibiotic treatment has not been previously reported in an immunocompetent adult. we present the complete clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic evaluation of a closely monitored healthy male with recrudescent c. jejuni infection occurring in the absence of immunodeficiency following experimental infection with a well-characterized strain. after antibiotic treatment, the initial infection was clinically cleared and mic ... | 2010 | 19923572 |
| campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli genotyping by high-resolution melting analysis of a flaa fragment. | the highly variable flagellin-encoding flaa gene has long been used for genotyping campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. high-resolution melting (hrm) analysis is emerging as an efficient and robust method for discriminating dna sequence variants. the objective of this study was to apply hrm analysis to flaa-based genotyping. the initial aim was to identify a suitable flaa fragment. it was found that the pcr primers commonly used to amplify the flaa short variable repeat (svr) yielded a m ... | 2010 | 19933351 |
| investigation of food and environmental exposures relating to the epidemiology of campylobacter coli in humans in northwest england. | this study uses multilocus sequence typing (mlst) to investigate the epidemiology of campylobacter coli in a continuous study of a population in northwest england. all cases of campylobacter identified in four local authorities (government administrative boundaries) between 2003 and 2006 were identified to species level and then typed, using mlst. epidemiological information was collected for each of these cases, including food and recreational exposure variables, and the epidemiologies of c. je ... | 2010 | 19854914 |
| a genomic island defines subspecies-specific virulence features of the host-adapted pathogen campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis. | the pathogen campylobacter fetus comprises two subspecies, c. fetus subsp. fetus and c. fetus subsp. venerealis. although these taxa are highly related on the genome level, they are adapted to distinct hosts and tissues. c. fetus subsp. fetus infects a diversity of hosts, including humans, and colonizes the gastrointestinal tract. in contrast, c. fetus subsp. venerealis is largely restricted to the bovine genital tract, causing epidemic abortion in these animals. in light of their close genetic ... | 2010 | 19897645 |
| a genomic island defines subspecies-specific virulence features of the host-adapted pathogen campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis. | the pathogen campylobacter fetus comprises two subspecies, c. fetus subsp. fetus and c. fetus subsp. venerealis. although these taxa are highly related on the genome level, they are adapted to distinct hosts and tissues. c. fetus subsp. fetus infects a diversity of hosts, including humans, and colonizes the gastrointestinal tract. in contrast, c. fetus subsp. venerealis is largely restricted to the bovine genital tract, causing epidemic abortion in these animals. in light of their close genetic ... | 2010 | 19897645 |
| study of cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) in campylobacter coli using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay and its distribution among clinical and food strains. | from a collection of 242 food isolates of campylobacter spp. 72 were identified as campylobacter jejuni and 170 as campylobacter coli and of 112 isolates from clinical sources, 92 were identified as c. jejuni and 20 as c. coli. the results for food isolates were in contrast to other reported identifications. twenty c. coli strains from clinical cases of campylobacter that occurred in portugal and 170 isolated from poultry products were examined for the presence of cytolethal distending toxin (cd ... | 2010 | 19821742 |
| development and evaluation of internal amplification controls for use in a real-time duplex pcr assay for detection of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni. | a common problem of both conventional and real-time pcr assays is failure of dna amplification due to the presence of inhibitory substances in samples. in view of this, our aim was to develop and evaluate internal amplification controls (iacs) for use with an existing duplex real-time pcr assay for campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni. both competitive and non-competitive iacs were developed and evaluated. the competitive approach involved a dna fragment of the coding region of the fish v ... | 2010 | 19833779 |