Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| identification of target genes regulated by the two-component system hp166-hp165 of helicobacter pylori. | two-component systems are signal transduction systems which enable bacteria to regulate cellular functions in response to changing environmental conditions. in most cases regulation is accomplished on the transcriptional level by a response regulator protein, which, according to the phosphorylation state of its receiver domain, displays different affinities for its target promoters. here we describe identification of genes regulated by the two-component system hp166-hp165 of helicobacter pylori ... | 2002 | 11751811 |
| evaluation of a novel heminested pcr assay based on the phosphoglucosamine mutase gene for detection of helicobacter pylori in saliva and dental plaque. | a novel heminested pcr protocol was developed for the specific detection of helicobacter pylori at low copy numbers. a set of primers specific for the phosphoglucosamine mutase gene (glmm) of h. pylori produced a 765-bp fragment that was used as template for the heminested primer pair delineating a 496-bp fragment. by using agarose gel electrophoresis for detection of the heminested pcr-amplified products, amplification of h. pylori genomic dna was achieved at concentrations as low as 0.1 pg, eq ... | 2002 | 11773117 |
| the non-h pylori helicobacters: their expanding role in gastrointestinal and systemic diseases. | the number of species in the genus helicobacter has rapidly expanded over the past decade. the genus now includes at least 24 formally named species as well as numerous other helicobacters awaiting formal naming. this review highlights the expanding role that other helicobacters, although not as well known as h pylori, play in gastrointestinal and systemic disease in humans. | 2002 | 11788573 |
| the helicobacter pylori homologue of the ferric uptake regulator is involved in acid resistance. | the only known niche of the human pathogen helicobacter pylori is the gastric mucosa, where large fluctuations of ph occur, indicating that the bacterial response and resistance to acid are important for successful colonization. one of the few regulatory proteins in the h. pylori genome is a homologue of the ferric uptake regulator (fur). in most bacteria, the main function of fur is the regulation of iron homeostasis. however, in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, fur also plays an import ... | 2002 | 11796589 |
| comparison of rheumatological and gastrointestinal symptoms after infection with campylobacter jejuni/coli and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | to estimate the incidence of postinfectious joint complaints after campylobacter jejuni/coli enteritis compared with enteritis caused by enterotoxigenic e coli (etec). to compare gastrointestinal symptoms, antibiotic treatment, and antibody levels among patients with and without joint symptoms. | 2002 | 11959770 |
| molecular evolution of human immunodeficiency virus env in humans and monkeys: similar patterns occur during natural disease progression or rapid virus passage. | neonatal rhesus macaque 95-3 was inoculated with nonpassaged simian-human immunodeficiency virus strain shiv-vpu(+), which encodes env of the laboratory-adapted human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) strain iiib and is considered nonpathogenic. cd4(+) t-cell counts dropped to <200 cells/microl within 4.6 years, and monkey 95-3 died with opportunistic infections 5.9 years postinoculation. transfer of blood from 95-3 to two naive adult macaques resulted in high peak viral loads and rapid, persistent t ... | 2002 | 11967343 |
| development and application of a new scheme for typing campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli by pcr-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. | a molecular typing approach for campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli was developed with restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of a 9.6-kb pcr-amplified portion of the lipopolysaccharide gene cluster. sixty-one penner serotype reference strains were analyzed with this new genotyping scheme, and 32 genogroups were found. eleven additional genogroups were obtained from 87 clinical c. jejuni strains tested. this molecular typing method shows a correlation with the penner heat-stab ... | 2002 | 11980961 |
| detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in foods by enrichment culture and polymerase chain reaction enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay based on a solution hybridization format with colorimetric end-point detection (pcr elisa) was investigated for the specific detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in food samples following enrichment culture. one hundred fifteen samples of raw meat and offal (poultry, porcine, ovine, and bovine), raw shellfish, and artificially contaminated milk were enriched in blood-free campylobacter enrichment broth for 48 h. enrichment cultures were ... | 2002 | 12030285 |
| comparison of 23s polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and amplified fragment length polymorphism techniques as typing systems for thermophilic campylobacters. | in this study, we evaluated the combination of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) molecular typing techniques for the analysis of thermophilic campylobacter species isolated from clinical and poultry samples. 23s pcr-rflp analysis performed to fingerprint 69 strains exhibited an excellent level of typability. eleven different types were defined at 100% linkage level following numerical analysis of band p ... | 2002 | 12052557 |
| cecal colonization of chicks by porcine strains of campylobacter coli. | ten genotypically distinct strains of campylobacter coli were isolated from a swine production facility. these porcine isolates were then orally inoculated into day-of-hatch leghorn chicks and were excellent colonizers of the chick cecum. campylobacter coli recovered from inoculated chickens were genotypically identical to the challenge strain. the absence of host specificity suggests a possible movement of strains among swine, field animals and birds, and poultry houses. | 2002 | 12061661 |
| identification of the vibrio cholerae enterobactin receptors vcta and irga: irga is not required for virulence. | the gram-negative enteric pathogen vibrio cholerae requires iron for growth. v. cholerae has multiple iron acquisition systems, including utilization of heme and hemoglobin, synthesis and transport of the catechol siderophore vibriobactin, and transport of several siderophores that it does not itself make. one siderophore that v. cholerae transports, but does not make, is enterobactin. enterobactin transport requires tonb and is independent of the vibriobactin receptor viua. in this study, two c ... | 2002 | 12065481 |
| cmeabc functions as a multidrug efflux system in campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni, a gram-negative organism causing gastroenteritis in humans, is increasingly resistant to antibiotics. however, little is known about the drug efflux mechanisms in this pathogen. here we characterized an efflux pump encoded by a three-gene operon (designated cmeabc) that contributes to multidrug resistance in c. jejuni 81-176. cmeabc shares significant sequence and structural homology with known tripartite multidrug efflux pumps in other gram-negative bacteria, and it consis ... | 2002 | 12069964 |
| campylobacter coli pulsed field gel electrophoresis genotypic diversity among sows and piglets in a farrowing barn. | genotypes of campylobacter coli isolates from feces of three sows and rectal swabs of 17 piglets were examined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge). all of the animals originated from a single farrowing barn of a farrow-to-finish swine operation. five campylobacter colonies were picked from a single agar plate for each sample after broth enrichment and growth on campy-cefex agar. genotypes were examined by pfge after genomic dna digestion with smai and sacii restriction endonucleases. twen ... | 2002 | 12070692 |
| growth of campylobacter jejuni supported by respiration of fumarate, nitrate, nitrite, trimethylamine-n-oxide, or dimethyl sulfoxide requires oxygen. | the human gastrointestinal pathogen campylobacter jejuni is a microaerophilic bacterium with a respiratory metabolism. the genome sequence of c. jejuni strain 11168 reveals the presence of genes that encode terminal reductases that are predicted to allow the use of a wide range of alternative electron acceptors to oxygen, including fumarate, nitrate, nitrite, and n- or s-oxides. all of these reductase activities were present in cells of strain 11168, and the molybdoenzyme encoded by cj0264c was ... | 2002 | 12107136 |
| characterization of pit, a streptococcus pneumoniae iron uptake abc transporter. | bacteria frequently have multiple mechanisms for acquiring iron, an essential micronutrient, from the environment. we have identified a four-gene streptococcus pneumoniae operon, named pit, encoding proteins with similarity to components of a putative brachyspira hyodysenteriae iron uptake abc transporter, bit. an s. pneumoniae strain containing a defined mutation in pit has impaired growth in medium containing the iron chelator ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, reduced sensitivity ... | 2002 | 12117949 |
| genome-wide transcriptional profiling in a histidine kinase mutant of helicobacter pylori identifies members of a regulon. | to identify putative members of a regulon controlled by the h. pylori sensory histidine kinase hp0164 (hk0164), we constructed hk0164 null mutant h. pylori strains and analyzed bacterial gene transcription using dna arrays. seven genes were differentially expressed in multiple hk0164 mutant strains compared to their expression in control strains. strain-dependent variations in differential expression were also detected. these results indicate that the signal transduction circuit utilizing hk0164 ... | 2002 | 12142435 |
| genetic basis of quinolone resistance and epidemiology of resistant and susceptible isolates of porcine campylobacter coli strains. | the aims of this study were to investigate the epidemiology of quinolone-resistant and -susceptible porcine isolates of campylobacter coli and to characterize the genetic basis of quinolone resistance. | 2002 | 12147072 |
| effects of repeated subculturing and prolonged storage at room temperature of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles. | three clinical strains of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 which were subcultured repeatedly or stored at room temperature over a 25-week period showed appreciable variations in their pulsed-field gel electrophoresis fragment patterns. the variations could be explained by a couple of spontaneous genetic events at most and thus did not invalidate the genetic lineage of the strains. | 2002 | 12149386 |
| prevalence of thermophilic campylobacter spp. in ready-to-eat foods and raw poultry in northern ireland. | although there have been numerous studies investigating the prevalence of campylobacters in animals and raw meats, there are limited data on the persistence of these organisms in ready-to-eat (rte) foodstuffs. although poultry is now well established as a major reservoir of thermophilic campylobacters, it is widely assumed that hazard analysis critical control point (haccp) controls in commercial and industrial settings are effective in eliminating this hazard through thorough cooking of rte pro ... | 2002 | 12182488 |
| a case-case comparison of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni infection: a tool for generating hypotheses. | preventing campylobacteriosis depends on a thorough understanding of its epidemiology. we used case-case analysis to compare cases of campylobacter coli infection with cases of c. jejuni infection, to generate hypotheses for infection from standardized, population-based sentinel surveillance information in england and wales. persons with c. coli infection were more likely to have drunk bottled water than were those with c. jejuni infection and, in general, were more likely to have eaten pâté. im ... | 2002 | 12194770 |
| quorum sensing and production of autoinducer-2 in campylobacter spp., escherichia coli o157:h7, and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in foods. | autoinducer molecules are utilized by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria to regulate density-dependent gene expression by a mechanism known as quorum sensing. pcr and dna sequencing results showed that campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli possessed luxs, which is responsible for autoinducer-2 (ai-2) production. using a vibrio harveyi luminescence assay, the production of ai-2 was observed in milk, chicken broth, and brucella broth by c. coli, c. jejuni, salmonella enterica serovar t ... | 2002 | 12200329 |
| distribution of environmentally regulated genes of streptococcus suis serotype 2 among s. suis serotypes and other organisms. | the occurrence of 36 environmentally regulated genes of streptococcus suis strain 10 among all 35 s. suis serotypes was determined by using hybridization with the amplified genes as probes. in addition, the distribution of these genes among the virulence phenotypes of serotypes 1 and 2 was assessed. hybridization was also performed with various other streptococcal species and nonstreptococcal bacterial species which may be present in pigs. interestingly, probe ivs-25/iri-1, similar to agra and s ... | 2002 | 12202563 |
| use of a lightcycler gyra mutation assay for identification of ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter coli. | a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based assay has been employed to detect mutations at the 86 codon in the dna gyrase a (gyra) gene in campylobacter coli strains. these mutations were associated with ciprofloxacin resistance in strains isolated in italy in 2000. the mutations in the gyra gene were detected by real-time pcr amplification followed by hybridization with two fluorescent probes designed with sequences complementary to the wild-type c. coli gyra gene. mutation detection was per ... | 2002 | 12204377 |
| identification and localization of flagellins flaa and flab3 within flagella of methanococcus voltae. | methanococcus voltae possesses four flagellin genes, two of which (flab1 and flab2) have previously been reported to encode major components of the flagellar filament. the remaining two flagellin genes, flaa and flab3, are transcribed at lower levels, and the corresponding proteins remained undetected prior to this work. electron microscopy examination of flagella isolated by detergent extraction of whole cells revealed a curved, hook-like region of varying length at the end of a long filament. ... | 2002 | 12218007 |
| campylobacter coli bacteremia in an 11-year-old boy. | 2002 | 12225560 | |
| two predicted chemoreceptors of helicobacter pylori promote stomach infection. | helicobacter pylori must be motile or display chemotaxis to be able to fully infect mammals, but it is not known how this chemotaxis is directed. we disrupted two genes encoding predicted chemoreceptors, tlpa and tlpc. h. pylori mutants lacking either of these genes are fully motile and chemotactic in vitro and are as able as the wild type to infect mice when they are the sole infecting strains. in contrast, when mice are coinfected with the h. pylori ss1 tlpa or tlpc mutant and the wild type, w ... | 2002 | 12228322 |
| long-term antibody responses following human infection with campylobacter jejuni. | epidemiological evidence suggests prior infection of humans by campylobacter jejuni leads to protection against disease following further exposure. it is known that infections elicit strong antibody responses following the onset of disease and that antibody levels are elevated in putatively immune populations. to determine if systemic and mucosal antibodies induced by a confirmed infection remain at elevated levels for prolonged periods, repeat serum, saliva and urine samples were taken from cam ... | 2002 | 12296859 |
| polyphosphate kinase from activated sludge performing enhanced biological phosphorus removal. | a novel polyphosphate kinase (ppk) was retrieved from an uncultivated organism in activated sludge carrying out enhanced biological phosphorus removal (ebpr). acetate-fed laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors were used to maintain sludge with a high phosphorus content (approximately 11% of the biomass). pcr-based clone libraries of small subunit rrna genes and fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) were used to verify that the sludge was enriched in rhodocyclus-like beta-proteobacteria kn ... | 2002 | 12324346 |
| double-staining method for differentiation of morphological changes and membrane integrity of campylobacter coli cells. | we developed a double-staining procedure involving nanoorange dye (molecular probes, eugene, oreg.) and membrane integrity stains (live/dead baclight kit; molecular probes) to show the morphological and membrane integrity changes of campylobacter coli cells during growth. the conversion from a spiral to a coccoid morphology via intermediary forms and the membrane integrity changes of the c. coli cells can be detected with the double-staining procedure. our data indicate that young or actively gr ... | 2002 | 12324366 |
| detection of helicobacter colonization of the murine lower bowel by genus-specific pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. | helicobacter genus-specific pcr and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis can detect and speciate the helicobacters that colonize the lower bowel of laboratory mice. the method's sensitivity is comparable to that of species-specific pcr and may detect unnamed helicobacter species. this approach should prove useful for commercial and research murine facilities. | 2002 | 12324369 |
| trends in antimicrobial susceptibility among isolates of campylobacter species in ireland and the emergence of resistance to ciprofloxacin. | measurements were made of the susceptibility to six commonly prescribed antibiotics, including erythromycin, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin, of 130 isolates of campylobacterjejuni and 15 isolates of campylobacter coli cultured from human and poultry sources during 2000. the results were compared with the results from a collection of strains isolated between 1996 and 1998. the levels of resistance to erythromycin remained low, 2 per cent and 4.4 per cent for the human and poultry isolates, respec ... | 2002 | 12356234 |
| comparison of the etest and agar dilution for in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing of campylobacter. | the performance of the etest and agar dilution for in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of campylobacter spp. was evaluated using a quality control strain campylobactor jejuni atcc 33560, and 81 c. jejuni and 54 campylobacter coli isolates recovered from retail raw meats. seven antimicrobial agents: chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, erythromycin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid and tetracycline, were tested using the two methods, whereas azithromycin was tested using the etest only. the c ... | 2002 | 12356792 |
| evaluation of a commercial diagnostic pcr for the identification of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | aims: dupont qualicon recently developed a new pcr assay for the identification of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. we evaluated the selectivity and utility of this assay compared with a pcr method already in use in our laboratory. methods and results: a group of 133 campylobacter isolates from poultry carcass rinse samples were screened using the commercial pcr and standard pcr. identical results were found for 89.5% (119/133) of the isolates. however, 10.5% (14/133) gave conflictin ... | 2002 | 12358702 |
| genetic diversity and relationships of campylobacter species and subspecies. | the existence of tremendous genetic diversity within campylobacter species has been well documented. to analyse the population structure of campylobacter and determine whether or not a clonal population structure could be detected, genetic diversity was assessed within the genus campylobacter by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis of 156 isolates representing 11 species and subspecies from disparate sources. analyses of electrophoretic mobility of 11 enzymes revealed 109 electrophoretic types (ets ... | 2002 | 12361288 |
| characterization of the gene encoding the major secreted lysophospholipase a of legionella pneumophila and its role in detoxification of lysophosphatidylcholine. | we previously showed that legionella pneumophila secretes, via its type ii secretion system, phospholipase a activities that are distinguished by their specificity for certain phospholipids. in this study, we identified and characterized plaa, a gene encoding a phospholipase a that cleaves fatty acids from lysophospholipids. the plaa gene encoded a 309-amino-acid protein (plaa) which had homology to a group of lipolytic enzymes containing the catalytic signature gdsl. in escherichia coli, the cl ... | 2002 | 12379686 |
| dna sequence and mutational analyses of the pvir plasmid of campylobacter jejuni 81-176. | the circular pvir plasmid of campylobacter jejuni strain 81-176 was determined to be 37,468 nucleotides in length with a g+c content of 26%. a total of 83% of the plasmid represented coding information, and all but 2 of the 54 predicted open reading frames were encoded on the same dna strand. there were seven genes on the plasmid in a continguous region of 8.9 kb that encoded orthologs of type iv secretion proteins found in helicobacter pylori, including four that have been described previously ... | 2002 | 12379703 |
| impediometric detection of campylobacter coli. | the rapid automated bacterial impedance technique (rabit) was examined as a method for the detection of two wild-type isolates of campylobacter coli in broth media. both isolates failed to produce a change in impedance that was sufficient for detection in any combination of six nonselective basal broth media, including mueller-hinton broth, nutrient broth no. 2, brain heart infusion broth supplemented with yeast extract (0.5% [wt/vol]), brucella broth, campy broth supplemented with yeast extract ... | 2002 | 12380757 |
| speciation of thermotolerant campylobacter isolates involved in foodborne disease by means of dna restriction analysis and molecular probes. | the molecular identification of several strains of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli involved in foodborne disease was carried out by investigating the restriction profiles of their chromosomal dna and by dna/dna hybridization. cleavage with ecorv allowed the visualization of a 3 kb dna fragment characteristic of c. jejuni, whereas restriction with clai allowed the identification of a 9.3 kb dna fragment, also characteristic of c. jejuni, and a dna duplet of 9.5-10 kb, specific to c. c ... | 2002 | 12381150 |
| structural heterogeneity of carbohydrate modifications affects serospecificity of campylobacter flagellins. | flagellin from campylobacter coli vc167 is post-translationally modified at > or = 16 amino acid residues with pseudaminic acid and three related derivatives. the predominant modification was 5,7-diacetamido-3,5,7,9 - tetradeoxy - l - glycero - l - manno - nonulosonic acid (pseudaminic acid, pse5ac7ac), a modification that has been described previously on flagellin from campylobacter jejuni 81-176. vc167 lacked two modi-fications present in 81-176 and instead had two unique modifications of mass ... | 2002 | 12406231 |
| requirement of flha for swarming differentiation, flagellin export, and secretion of virulence-associated proteins in bacillus thuringiensis. | bacillus thuringiensis is being used worldwide as a biopesticide, although increasing evidence suggests that it is emerging as an opportunistic human pathogen. while phospholipases, hemolysins, and enterotoxins are claimed to be responsible for b. thuringiensis virulence, there is no direct evidence to indicate that the flagellum-driven motility plays a role in parasite-host interactions. this report describes the characterization of a mini-tn10 mutant of b. thuringiensis that is defective in fl ... | 2002 | 12426328 |
| speciating campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates from poultry and humans using six pcr-based assays. | six previously published polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays each targeting different genes were used to speciate 116 isolates previously identified as campylobacter jejuni using routine microbiological techniques. of the 116 isolates, 84 were of poultry origin and 32 of human origin. the six pcr assays confirmed the species identities of 31 of 32 (97%) human isolates and 56 of 84 (67%) poultry isolates as c. jejuni. twenty eight of 84 (33%) poultry isolates were identified as campylobacter c ... | 2002 | 12435503 |
| molecular diversity of campylobacter coli and c. jejuni isolated from pigs at slaughter by flaa-rflp analysis and ribotyping. | a population of porcine isolates of camplobacter jejuni (n = 11) and c. coli (n = 17) were examined for genotypic relatedness employing ribotyping, as well as polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) analysis of the flagellin (fla)a gene locus. pcr was employed to amplify a 533 bp fragment from the flaa gene, including the previously described short variable region (svr), employing the novel primers, a2 and al and successfully generated this amplicon for all ... | 2002 | 12449248 |
| prevalence of campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter lari, and campylobacter coli in different ecological guilds and taxa of migrating birds. | a total of 1,794 migrating birds trapped at a coastal site in southern sweden were sampled for detection of campylobacter spp. all isolates phenotypically identified as campylobacter jejuni and a subset of those identified as non-c. jejuni were identified to the species level by pcr-based techniques. c. jejuni was found in 5.0% of the birds, campylobacter lari was found in 5.6%, and campylobacter coli was found in 0.9%. an additional 10.7% of the tested birds were infected with hippurate hydroly ... | 2002 | 12450810 |
| campylobacter jejuni in black-headed gulls (larus ridibundus): prevalence, genotypes, and influence on c. jejuni epidemiology. | campylobacteriosis is a zoonotic disease in which birds have been suggested to play an important role as a reservoir. we investigated the prevalence of campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni in black-headed gulls (larus ridibundus) in southern sweden with the aim of examining the nature of c. jejuni infection in this bird species. birds were sampled in four sampling series each year during 1999 (n = 419) and 2000 (n = 365). longitudinally sampled c. jejuni isolates from individual gulls were subject ... | 2002 | 12454158 |
| rapid pcr using nested primers of the 16s rrna and the hippuricase (hip o) genes to detect campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in environmental samples. | identification of sources campylobacter infection in the poultry houses is in general problematic due to the lack of reliable methods to detect campylobacteria in environmental samples. detection of campylobacteria in environmental samples by conventional culture methods is difficult and of limited sensitivity due to the use of selective media, the low number of bacteria in the samples and possibly also due to the presence of non-culturable or sub-lethally injured stages of the bacteria. the pre ... | 2002 | 12477440 |
| a polyphosphate kinase (ppk2) widely conserved in bacteria. | synthesis of inorganic polyphosphate (poly p) from the terminal phosphate of atp is catalyzed reversibly by poly p kinase (ppk, now designated ppk1) initially isolated from escherichia coli. ppk1 is highly conserved in many bacteria, including some of the major pathogens such as pseudomonas aeruginosa. in a null mutant of p. aeruginosa lacking ppk1, we have discovered a previously uncharacterized ppk activity (designated ppk2) distinguished from ppk1 by the following: synthesis of poly p from gt ... | 2002 | 12486232 |
| traditional and molecular techniques for the study of emerging bacterial diseases: one laboratory's perspective. | identification of emerging bacterial pathogens generally results from a chain of events involving microscopy, serology, molecular tools, and culture. because of the spectacular molecular techniques developed in the last decades, some authors think that these techniques will shortly supplant culture. the key steps that led to the discovery of emerging bacteria have been reviewed to determine the real contribution of each technique. historically, microscopy has played a major role. serology provid ... | 2002 | 11897062 |
| macrolide resistance conferred by base substitutions in 23s rrna. | 2001 | 11120937 | |
| molecular ecology of tetracycline resistance: development and validation of primers for detection of tetracycline resistance genes encoding ribosomal protection proteins. | phylogenetic analysis of tetracycline resistance genes encoding the ribosomal protection proteins (rpps) revealed the monophyletic origin of these genes. the most deeply branching class, exemplified by tet and otra, consisted of genes from the antibiotic-producing organisms streptomyces rimosus and streptomyces lividans. with a high degree of confidence, the corresponding genes of the other seven classes (tet m, tet s, tet o, tet w, tet q, tet t, and tetb p) formed phylogenetically distinct sepa ... | 2001 | 11133424 |
| modeling of combined processing steps for reducing escherichia coli o157:h7 populations in apple cider. | probabilistic models were used as a systematic approach to describe the response of escherichia coli o157:h7 populations to combinations of commonly used preservation methods in unpasteurized apple cider. using a complete factorial experimental design, the effect of ph (3. 1 to 4.3), storage temperature and time (5 to 35 degrees c for 0 to 6 h or 12 h), preservatives (0, 0.05, or 0.1% potassium sorbate or sodium benzoate), and freeze-thaw (f-t; -20 degrees c, 48 h and 4 degrees c, 4 h) treatment ... | 2001 | 11133437 |
| antimicrobial properties of garlic oil against human enteric bacteria: evaluation of methodologies and comparisons with garlic oil sulfides and garlic powder. | the antimicrobial effects of aqueous garlic extracts are well established but those of garlic oil (go) are little known. methodologies for estimating the antimicrobial activity of go were assessed and go, go sulfide constituents, and garlic powder (gp) were compared in tests against human enteric bacteria. test methodologies were identified as capable of producing underestimates of go activity. antimicrobial activity was greater in media lacking tryptone or cysteine, suggesting that, as for alli ... | 2001 | 11133485 |
| multilocus sequence typing system for campylobacter jejuni. | the gram-negative bacterium campylobacter jejuni has extensive reservoirs in livestock and the environment and is a frequent cause of gastroenteritis in humans. to date, the lack of (i) methods suitable for population genetic analysis and (ii) a universally accepted nomenclature has hindered studies of the epidemiology and population biology of this organism. here, a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) system for this organism is described, which exploits the genetic variation present in seven hou ... | 2001 | 11136741 |
| detection and initial characterization of novel capsular polysaccharide among diverse campylobacter jejuni strains using alcian blue dye. | we have recently demonstrated that most strains of campylobacter jejuni produce capsular polysaccharide (cps), which can be detected by immunoblotting with homologous penner antisera on polyvinylidene difluoride membranes (a. v. karlyshev, d. linton, n. a. gregson, a. j. lastovica, and b. w. wren, mol. microbiol. 35:529-541, 2000). in this report, we describe a universal and rapid staining procedure using alcian blue for c. jejuni cps, which does not rely on the availability of antisera and iden ... | 2001 | 11136784 |
| rapid detection of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli by real-time pcr with fluorescent hybridization probes. | in this report, we present a pcr protocol for rapid identification of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli on a lightcycler instrument. in a multiplex assay, the genes encoding shiga toxin 1 and shiga toxin 2 are detected in a single reaction capillary. a complete analysis of up to 32 samples takes about 45 min. | 2001 | 11136804 |
| competitive exclusion of heterologous campylobacter spp. in chicks. | chicken and human isolates of campylobacter jejuni were used to provide oral challenge of day-old broiler chicks. the isolation ratio of the competing challenge strains was monitored and varied, depending upon the isolates used. a pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay of the flagellin gene (flaa) was used to discriminate between the chick-colonizing isolates. our observations indicated that the selected c. jejuni colonizers dominated the niche provided by the chicken ceca. chicken i ... | 2001 | 11157253 |
| systematic identification of selective essential genes in helicobacter pylori by genome prioritization and allelic replacement mutagenesis. | a comparative genomic approach was used to identify helicobacter pylori 26695 open reading frames (orfs) which are conserved in h. pylori j99 but highly diverged in other eubacteria. a survey of selected pathways of central intermediary metabolism was also carried out, and genes with a potentially selective role in h. pylori were identified. forty-five orfs identified in these two analyses were screened using a rapid vector-free allelic replacement mutagenesis technique, and 33 were shown to be ... | 2001 | 11157938 |
| clonal relationships among shigella serotypes suggested by cryptic flagellin gene polymorphism. | the presence of cryptic flic alleles in the genomes of 120 strains representative of the four shigella species was investigated. one fragment was obtained by pcr amplification of flic, with a size varying from 1.2 to 3.2 kbp, depending on the species or serotype. after digestion with endonuclease hhai, the number of fragments in patterns varied from three to nine, with sizes of between 115 and 1,020 bp. patterns sharing most of their bands were grouped to constitute an f type. a total of 17 diff ... | 2001 | 11158126 |
| vacuolating cytotoxin of helicobacter pylori plays a role during colonization in a mouse model of infection. | helicobacter pylori, the causative agent of gastritis and ulcer disease in humans, secretes a toxin called vaca (vacuolating cytotoxin) into culture supernatants. vaca was initially characterized and purified on the basis of its ability to induce the formation of intracellular vacuoles in tissue culture cells. h. pylori strains possessing different alleles of vaca differ in their ability to express active toxin. those strains expressing higher toxin levels are correlated with more severe gastric ... | 2001 | 11159961 |
| allelic variation within helicobacter pylori baba and babb. | helicobacter pylori strains show both geographic and disease-associated allelic variation. we investigated the diversity present in two genes, baba and babb, which are members of a paralogous family of outer membrane proteins. eleven family members within a single h. pylori strain, predicted to encode proteins with substantial n- and c-terminal similarity to each other, were classified as baba paralogues. in their central regions, most are less than 54% related to one another. examining the baba ... | 2001 | 11160014 |
| macrolide resistance in campylobacter coli of animal origin in denmark. | 2001 | 11221726 | |
| essential thioredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin system from helicobacter pylori: genetic and kinetic characterization. | helicobacter pylori, an oxygen-sensitive microaerophile, contains an alkyl hydroperoxide reductase homologue (ahpc, hp1563) that is more closely related to 2-cys peroxiredoxins of higher organisms than to most other eubacterial ahpc proteins. allelic replacement mutagenesis revealed ahpc to be essential, suggesting a critical role for ahpc in defending h. pylori against oxygen toxicity. characterization of the ahpc promoter region divulged two putative regulatory elements and identified the tran ... | 2001 | 11222594 |
| novel lysophospholipase a secreted by legionella pneumophila. | we show that legionella pneumophila possesses lysophospholipase a activity, which releases fatty acids from lysophosphatidylcholine. the nh2-terminal sequence of the enzyme contained fgdsls, corresponding to a catalytic domain in a recently described group of lipolytic enzymes. culture supernatants of a l. pneumophila pild mutant lost the ability to cleave lysophosphatidylcholine. | 2001 | 11222614 |
| evidence for a genetically stable strain of campylobacter jejuni. | the genetic stability of selected epidemiologically linked strains of campylobacter jejuni during outbreak situations was investigated by using subtyping techniques. strains isolated from geographically related chicken flock outbreaks in 1998 and from a human outbreak in 1981 were investigated. there was little similarity in the strains obtained from the different chicken flock outbreaks; however, the strains from each of three chicken outbreaks, including strains isolated from various environme ... | 2001 | 11229909 |
| antibody responses to campylobacter infections determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: 2-year follow-up study of 210 patients. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was adapted to measure immunoglobulin g (igg), igm, and iga classes of human serum antibody to campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. heat-stable antigen, a combination of c. jejuni serotype o:1,44 and o:53 in the ratio 1:1, was used as a coating antigen in the elisa test. a total of 631 sera from 210 patients with verified campylobacter enteritis were examined at various intervals after infection, and a control group of 164 sera were tested to ... | 2001 | 11238214 |
| in vitro transposition system for efficient generation of random mutants of campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is the most common cause of food-borne illnesses in the united states. despite the fact that the entire nucleotide sequence of its genome has recently become available, its mechanisms of pathogenicity are poorly understood. this is in part due to the lack of an efficient mutagenesis system. here we describe an in vitro transposon mutagenesis system based on the staphylococcus aureus transposable element tn552 that allows the efficient generation of insertion mutants of c. je ... | 2001 | 11244083 |
| pcr-elisas for the detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in poultry samples. | campylobacter species, primarily campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, are regarded as a major cause of human gastrointestinal disease, commonly acquired by eating undercooked chicken. we describe a pcr-elisa for the detection of campylobacter species and the discrimination of c. jejuni and c. coli in poultry samples. the pcr assay targets the 16s/23s ribosomal rna intergenic spacer region of campylobacter species with dna oligonucleotide probes designed for the specific detection of c. j ... | 2001 | 11252796 |
| helicobacter pylori resists phagocytosis by macrophages: quantitative assessment by confocal microscopy and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. | helicobacter pylori infection of the stomach epithelium is characterized by an infiltration of polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells. these immune cells contribute to mucosal damage which may eventually lead to gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, and/or malt-associated gastric lymphoma. here we show that h. pylori inhibits its own uptake, as well as in trans the phagocytosis of neisseria gonorrhoeae, by human and murine macrophages. this antiphagocytic activity is dependent on the presenc ... | 2001 | 11254625 |
| quinolone and macrolide resistance in campylobacter jejuni and c. coli: resistance mechanisms and trends in human isolates. | the incidence of human campylobacter jejuni and c. coli infections has increased markedly in many parts of the world in the last decade as has the number of quinolone-resistant and, to a lesser extent, macrolide-resistant campylobacter strains causing infections. we review macrolide and quinolone resistance in campylobacter and track resistance trends in human clinical isolates in relation to use of these agents in food animals. susceptibility data suggest that erythromycin and other macrolides ... | 2001 | 11266291 |
| extent of microbial contamination in united states pork retail products. | to determine the extent of microbiological contamination of u.s. pork, 384 samples of retail pork were collected from 24 stores in six cities, including (i) whole-muscle, store-packaged pork; (ii) fresh, store-packaged ground pork and/or pork sausage; (iii) prepackaged ground pork and/or pork sausage; and (iv) whole-muscle, enhanced (injected or marinated; 60% store-packaged, 40% prepackaged) pork. additional samples (n = 120) of freshly ground pork and/or pork sausage were collected from two ho ... | 2001 | 11271763 |
| cytolethal distending toxin demonstrates genotoxic activity in a yeast model. | cytolethal distending toxins (cdts) are multisubunit proteins produced by a variety of bacterial pathogens that cause enlargement, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in mammalian cells. while their function remains uncertain, recent studies suggest that they can act as intracellular dnases in mammalian cells. here we establish a novel yeast model for understanding cdt-associated disease. expression of the cdtb subunit in yeast causes a g2/m arrest, as seen in mammalian cells. cdtb toxicity is not ... | 2001 | 11500452 |
| intracellular redox status and antibiotic resistance in enterogastric micro-aerophilic bacteria: evidence for the 'scavenging of oxygen' hypothesis. | metronidazole and glutathione reduction activities were measured in situ in the micro-aerophilic bacteria campylobacter coli and helicobacter pylori employing 14n- and 1h-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. the properties of these enzyme activities were investigated in matched pairs of strains with sensitive and resistant phenotypes to the antimicrobial metronidazole. the results indicated that the ability of each type of strain to reduce metronidazole corresponded to its sensitive or resis ... | 2001 | 11523593 |
| prevalence, antigenic specificity, and bactericidal activity of poultry anti-campylobacter maternal antibodies. | poultry are considered the major reservoir for campylobacter jejuni, a leading bacterial cause of human food-borne diarrhea. to understand the ecology of c. jejuni and develop strategies to control c. jejuni infection in the animal reservoir, we initiated studies to examine the potential role of anti-campylobacter maternal antibodies in protecting young broiler chickens from infection by c. jejuni. using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), the prevalence of anti-c. jejuni antibodies in ... | 2001 | 11525990 |
| survival of clinical and poultry-derived isolates of campylobacter jejuni at a low temperature (4 degrees c). | campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans, and contamination of poultry has been implicated in illness. the bacteria are fastidious in terms of their temperature requirements, being unable to grow below ca. 31 degrees c, but have been found to be physiologically active at lower temperatures and to tolerate exposure to low temperatures in a strain-dependent manner. in this study, 19 field isolates of c. jejuni (10 of clinical and 9 of poultry origin) were stud ... | 2001 | 11526022 |
| sequence typing confirms that campylobacter jejuni strains associated with guillain-barré and miller-fisher syndromes are of diverse genetic lineage, serotype, and flagella type. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and miller-fisher syndrome (mfs) are correlated with prior infection by campylobacter jejuni in up to 40% of cases. nucleotide sequence-based typing of 25 c. jejuni isolates associated with neuropathy permitted robust comparisons with equivalent data from approximately 800 c. jejuni isolates not associated with neuropathy. a total of 13 genetic lineages and 20 flaa short variable region nucleotide sequences were present among the 25 isolates. a minority of isolates ... | 2001 | 11526174 |
| phenotyping of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli by a quantitative antibiogram [mic] typing scheme using euclidean distances [qated]. | background: enteropathogenic campylobacter jejuni and c. coli are presently the most common cause of acute bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world. an understanding of sources and means of transmission of campylobacter is an essential factor in order to reduce the incidence of campylobacter-related gastroenteritis in man. consequently a reproducible, sensitive and well-standardised typing scheme is critical in the successful discrimination of strains and in the subsequent investigations ... | 2001 | 11527505 |
| structural investigations of the active-site mutant asn156ala of outer membrane phospholipase a: function of the asn-his interaction in the catalytic triad. | outer membrane phospholipase a (ompla) from escherichia coli is an integral-membrane enzyme with a unique his-ser-asn catalytic triad. in serine proteases and serine esterases usually an asp occurs in the catalytic triad; its role has been the subject of much debate. here the role of the uncharged asparagine in the active site of ompla is investigated by structural characterization of the asn156ala mutant. asparagine 156 is not involved in maintaining the overall active-site configuration and do ... | 2001 | 11567087 |
| taxonomy and identification of the burkholderia cepacia complex. | 2001 | 11574551 | |
| molecular identification of campylobacter concisus. | a 1.6-kb dna fragment isolated from a campylobacter concisus genomic library gave c. concisus-specific restriction fragment length patterns when it was used as a probe in hybridization studies. all of the strains tested, including type strains and clinical isolates, contained a 0.5-kb hindiii fragment that hybridized to the probe. dna sequencing of the 1.6-kb fragment identified three open reading frames (orfs). one of the orfs encodes the carboxy terminus of gyrb, and the translational products ... | 2001 | 11574591 |
| differentiation of campylobacter species by aflp fingerprinting. | the fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) fingerprinting method was tested for its ability to identify and subtype the most important campylobacter species found in veterinary infections. sixty-nine reference strains and 19 clinical isolates of campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni, campylobacter jejuni subsp. doylei, campylobacter upsaliensis, campylobacter coli, campylobacter lari, campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus, c. fetus subsp. venerealis, campylobacter hyointestinalis subs ... | 2001 | 11577152 |
| molecular detection of antimicrobial resistance. | the determination of antimicrobial susceptibility of a clinical isolate, especially with increasing resistance, is often crucial for the optimal antimicrobial therapy of infected patients. nucleic acid-based assays for the detection of resistance may offer advantages over phenotypic assays. examples are the detection of the methicillin resistance-encoding meca gene in staphylococci, rifampin resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the spread of resistance determinants across the globe. how ... | 2001 | 11585788 |
| whole genome comparison of campylobacter jejuni human isolates using a low-cost microarray reveals extensive genetic diversity. | campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial food-borne diarrhoeal disease throughout the world, and yet is still a poorly understood pathogen. whole genome microarray comparisons of 11 c. jejuni strains of diverse origin identified genes in up to 30 nctc 11168 loci ranging from 0.7 to 18.7 kb that are either absent or highly divergent in these isolates. many of these regions are associated with the biosynthesis of surface structures including flagella, lipo-oligosaccharide, and the ne ... | 2001 | 11591647 |
| aminoglycoside-streptothricin resistance gene cluster aade-sat4-apha-3 disseminated among multiresistant isolates of enterococcus faecium. | seventy-two enterococcus faecium isolates of different origins highly resistant to nourseothricin and streptomycin were studied. sequencing of a genomic fragment from two isolates identified a gene cluster, aade-sat4-apha-3, which has been isolated recently in staphylococci and campylobacter coli. patterns of digested pcr products of aade-sat4-apha-3 were identical for all isolates. | 2001 | 11600397 |
| genome sequence-based fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism of campylobacter jejuni, its relationship to serotyping, and its implications for epidemiological analysis. | the published genome sequence of campylobacter jejuni strain nctc 11168 was used to model an accurate and highly reproducible fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (faflp) analysis. predicted and experimentally observed amplified fragments (afs) generated with the primer pair hindiii+a and hhai+a were compared. all but one of the 61 predicted afs were reproducibly detected, and no unpredicted fragments were amplified. this faflp analysis was used to genotype 74 c. jejuni strains bel ... | 2001 | 11682493 |
| bacterial genetic fingerprint: a reliable factor in the study of the epidemiology of human campylobacter enteritis? | the rate of human intestinal infections with more than a single campylobacter strain was determined and the genetic variabilities of campylobacter strains throughout an infection episode were investigated by means of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence pcr (eric-pcr). for 48 and 49 of 50 patients, all isolates from one sample showed identical patterns by pfge and eric-pcr, respectively. throughout an infection episode in 47 of 52 p ... | 2001 | 11682547 |
| evaluation of a pcr/dna probe colorimetric membrane assay for identification of campylobacter spp. in human stool specimens. | dna was extracted from 50 human stool specimens using the qiaamp dna stool minikit. pcr amplification was followed by post-pcr hybridization to dna probes specific for the campylobacter genus, campylobacter jejuni, and campylobacter coli in a colorimetric membrane assay. thirty-two of 38 culture-positive specimens were pcr/dna probe positive for c. jejuni. the assay is rapid and simple and can be applied to stool specimens for the detection of campylobacter. | 2001 | 11682549 |
| phase variation in the helicobacter pylori phospholipase a gene and its role in acid adaptation. | previously, we have shown that helicobacter pylori can spontaneously and reversibly change its membrane lipid composition, producing variants with low or high content of lysophospholipids. the "lyso" variant contains a high percentage of lysophospholipids, adheres better to epithelial cells, and releases more proteins such as urease and vaca, compared to the "normal" variant, which has a low content of lysophospholipids. prolonged growth of the normal variant at ph 3.5, but not under neutral con ... | 2001 | 11705905 |
| identification, characterization, and variation in expression of two serologically distinct o-antigen epitopes in lipopolysaccharides of campylobacter fetus serotype a strains. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the lipopolysaccharide (lps) o-antigens of campylobacter fetus serotype a and b strains were produced. eight mabs specific for serotype a lps were characterized on immunoblots of c. fetus serotype a lps. two immunoblot patterns were observed and were used to divide the eight mabs into two groups. mabs m1177 and m1194 were selected as representative of the two groups and were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to examine the lps o-antigen epitopes ... | 2001 | 11705938 |
| trichuris suis: detection of antibacterial activity in excretory-secretory products from adults. | antibacterial activity was detected in excretory-secretory products (esp) of adult trichuris suis cultured in vitro in serum-free media. gram-negative bacteria (campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and escherichia coli) and gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus) were sensitive to esp. susceptibility was dependent on the concentration of esp but not on the inoculum size. preliminary assessment of the mode of action suggests a bacteriocidal mechanism. this antibacterial activity was h ... | 2001 | 11708831 |
| efficient isolation of campylobacter upsaliensis from stools. | 2001 | 11712518 | |
| prevalence of campylobacter spp., escherichia coli, and salmonella serovars in retail chicken, turkey, pork, and beef from the greater washington, d.c., area. | a total of 825 samples of retail raw meats (chicken, turkey, pork, and beef) were examined for the presence of escherichia coli and salmonella serovars, and 719 of these samples were also tested for campylobacter spp. the samples were randomly obtained from 59 stores of four supermarket chains during 107 sampling visits in the greater washington, d.c., area from june 1999 to july 2000. the majority (70.7%) of chicken samples (n = 184) were contaminated with campylobacter, and a large percentage ... | 2001 | 11722889 |
| detection of hepatitis a virus by the nucleic acid sequence-based amplification technique and comparison with reverse transcription-pcr. | a nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (nasba) technique for the detection of hepatitis a virus (hav) in foods was developed and compared to the traditional reverse transcription (rt)-pcr technique. oligonucleotide primers targeting the vp1 and vp2 genes encoding the major hav capsid proteins were used for the amplification of viral rna in an isothermal process resulting in the accumulation of rna amplicons. amplicons were detected by hybridization with a digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide ... | 2001 | 11722911 |
| development of a pcr elisa assay for the identification of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed based on a solution-hybridization colorimetric end-point detection format (pcr elisa) for the identification of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. pcr primers were designed to target a gene sequence with species-specific motifs. five biotin-labelled probes targeted to the species-specific motifs were investigated for the detection of digoxygenin-labelled pcr products from c. jejuni and c. coli using the pcr elisa format. two probes ... | 2001 | 11735301 |
| an optimised recovery method for thermophilic campylobacter from liver. | the past three decades have witnessed the rise of campylobacter enteritis in man from virtual obscurity to notoriety, with present isolation rates superseding those of other enteric pathogens such as salmonella spp. and shigella spp. in most developed countries. although campylobacters are not completely new to applied bacteriology, they have evaded traditional isolation techniques used for the isolation of pure cultures, apart from single isolations that were free from competing organisms. offa ... | 2001 | 11741507 |
| allelic diversity and recombination in campylobacter jejuni. | the allelic diversity and population structure of campylobacter jejuni were studied by multilocus nucleotide sequence analysis. sequences from seven housekeeping genes were obtained from 32 c. jejuni isolates isolated from enteritis patients in germany, hungary, thailand, and the united states. also included was strain nctc 11168, the complete genomic sequence of which has recently been published. for all loci analyzed, multiple strains carried identical alleles. the frequency of synonymous and ... | 2001 | 11274115 |
| use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and flagellin gene typing in identifying clonal groups of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in farm and clinical environments. | although campylobacters have been isolated from a wide range of animal hosts, the association between campylobacters isolated from humans and animals in the farm environment is unclear. we used flagellin gene typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) to investigate the genetic diversity among isolates from animals (cattle, sheep, and turkey) in farm environments and sporadic cases of campylobacteriosis in the same geographical area. forty-eight combined fla types were seen among the 315 ... | 2001 | 11282587 |
| genomic relatedness within five common finnish campylobacter jejuni pulsed-field gel electrophoresis genotypes studied by amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis, ribotyping, and serotyping. | thirty-five finnish campylobacter jejuni strains with five smai/sacii pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) genotypes selected among human and chicken isolates from 1997 and 1998 were used for comparison of their pfge patterns, amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) patterns, haeiii ribotypes, and heat-stable (hs) serotypes. the discriminatory power of pfge, aflp, and ribotyping with haeiii were shown to be at the same level for this selected set of strains, and these methods assigned t ... | 2001 | 11282608 |
| genotypic analysis of escherichia coli strains from poultry carcasses and their susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents. | plasmid profiling and amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis were used to genotype 50 escherichia coli strains from poultry carcasses. thirty different plasmid profiles were evident, and clustering of the aflp data showed that they were a distinctly heterogeneous group of strains. susceptibility testing against five antimicrobial agents used in the south african poultry industry showed all strains to be susceptible to danofloxacin and colistin, while the majority (96%) were resis ... | 2001 | 11282652 |
| molecular characterization of invasive and noninvasive campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common causes of bacterial diarrhea worldwide and is the primary bacterial cause of food-borne illness. adherence to and invasion of epithelial cells are the most important pathogenic mechanisms of campylobacter diarrhea. molecular characterization of invasive and noninvasive campylobacter isolates from children with diarrhea and symptom-free children was performed by random amplified polymorphic dna techniques (rapd). a distinct rapd profile with a dna ba ... | 2001 | 11283056 |
| development of an immunoassay for rapid detection of ganglioside gm(1) mimicry in campylobacter jejuni strains. | mimicry of peripheral nerve gangliosides by campylobacter jejuni lipopolysaccharides (lpss) has been proposed to induce cross-reacting antiganglioside antibodies in guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). because current methods for lps characterization are labor-intensive and inhibit the screening of large numbers of strains, a rapid gm(1) epitope screening assay was developed. biomass from two agar plates of confluent growth yielded sufficient lps using a novel phenol-water and ether extraction procedu ... | 2001 | 11283076 |
| specific detection and prevalence of helicobacter heilmannii-like organisms in the human gastric mucosa by fluorescent in situ hybridization and partial 16s ribosomal dna sequencing. | gastric infection with helicobacter heilmannii (previously known as gastrospirillum hominis) is invariably linked with the presence of chronic gastritis and the risk of developing low-grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in humans. in contrast to helicobacter pylori, various h. heilmannii species colonize the stomachs of domestic animals, which might be a reservoir for transmission to humans (zoonosis). to identify the number and prevalence of different h. heilmanni types in humans, ... | 2001 | 11283079 |