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treatment of lyme disease. 201627148921
when in doubt, examine the patient: commentary on an article by keith d. baldwin, md, mspt, mph, et al.: "predictive factors for differentiating between septic arthritis and lyme disease of the knee in children". 201627147695
predictive factors for differentiating between septic arthritis and lyme disease of the knee in children.differentiating between septic arthritis and lyme disease of the knee in endemic areas can be challenging and has major implications for patient management. the purpose of this study was to identify a prediction rule to differentiate septic arthritis from lyme disease in children presenting with knee pain and effusion.201627147684
diagnosis of lyme disease in the pediatric acute care setting.we review the current evidence concerning the diagnosis of lyme disease in children for application in the acute care setting.201627138805
lyme disease.this issue provides a clinical overview of lyme disease, focusing on prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and practice improvement. the content of in the clinic is drawn from the clinical information and education resources of the american college of physicians (acp), including mksap (medical knowledge and self-assessment program). annals of internal medicine editors develop in the clinic in collaboration with the acp's medical education and publishing divisions and with the assistance of additiona ...201627136224
lyme disease serology. 201627115380
diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and babesiosis: a review.lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis (hga), and babesiosis are emerging tick-borne infections.201627115378
ocular lyme borreliosis as a rare presentation of unilateral vision loss.ocular lyme borreliosis is a rare manifestation of lyme disease. we describe a case of an 80-year-old woman who presented with a 1-month history of unilateral painless central vision loss. based on a temporal artery biopsy, she was initially diagnosed with giant cell arteritis and treated with a 3-day course of high-dose intravenous steroids. a more detailed history uncovered multiple previous treatments for lyme disease and residence in an endemic lyme area. the patient was subsequently diagnos ...201627113793
first evidence of an established population of ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) in south dakota.ixodes scapularis say (acari: ixodidae) is the most important vector of human disease in the united states. recent efforts by public health officials to determine its presence on a county-by-county basis have been undertaken to assist in lyme disease risk assessment. recent modeling efforts show that south dakota can potentially support populations of i. scapularis based on favorable climatic conditions and presence of suitable hosts to support tick populations within the state. we provide the f ...201627106935
serum carnitine concentration is decreased in patients with lyme borreliosis.lyme borreliosis (lb) is a serious infectious disease. carnitine plays a crucial role in metabolism and inflammatory responses. carnitine may be important in improving neuronal dysfunction and loss of neurons.201626943315
increase in ticks and lyme borreliosis, yet research into its prevention on the wane.there is increased concern about the upward incidence of lyme borreliosis (lb) in europe, the united states, asia, and northern africa. however, effective measures to control tick populations or vaccines for lb are not yet available. therefore, behavioral measures including avoidance of areas inhabited by ticks, performing routine body checks, using protective clothing, and the application of tick repellents are of great importance. unfortunately, acceptance and uptake of many of these preventiv ...201626901844
probable doxycycline-induced acute pancreatitis.a probable case of doxycycline-induced pancreatitis is reported.201626896500
evidence of female sex pheromones and characterization of the cuticular lipids of unfed, adult male versus female blacklegged ticks, ixodes scapularis.copulation in ixodes scapularis involves physical contact between the male and female (on or off the host), male mounting of the female, insertion/maintenance of the male chelicerae in the female genital pore (initiates spermatophore production), and the transfer of the spermatophore by the male into the female genital pore. bioassays determined that male mounting behavior/chelicerae insertion required direct contact with the female likely requiring non-volatile chemical cues with no evidence of ...201626864785
[winged scapula in lyme borreliosis].here we present the case of a young patient with one-sided winged scapula and lyme borreliosis. this disease can be very delimitating in daily life. if non-operative treatment fails, dynamic or static stabilization of the scapula can be a therapeutic option.201626849378
[prediction of potential geographic distribution of lyme disease in qinghai province with maximum entropy model].to predict the potential geographic distribution of lyme disease in qinghai by using maximum entropy model (maxent).201626822652
iga nephropathy and infections.in this paper we concentrate on the role of infections in iga nephropathy both from a pathogenetic and clinic point of view. the current hypotheses as regards the role of infections in the pathogenesis of iga nephropathy are: (a) role of particular pathogens, (b) chronic exposure to mucosal infections, (c) abnormal handling of commensal microbes (gut microbiota). we also focus on particular infections reported in association with classic iga nephropathy (hiv, malaria, chlamydia, lyme disease), a ...201626800970
scale-dependent effects of nonnative plant invasion on host-seeking tick abundance.nonnative, invasive shrubs can affect human disease risk through direct and indirect effects on vector populations. multiflora rose (rosa multiflora) is a common invader within eastern deciduous forests where tick-borne disease (e.g. lyme disease) rates are high. we tested whether r. multiflora invasion affects blacklegged tick (ixodes scapularis) abundance, and at what scale. we sampled host-seeking ticks at two spatial scales: fine-scale, within r. multiflora-invaded forest fragments; and patc ...201627088044
quantifying dilution and amplification in a community of hosts for tick-borne pathogens.recent controversy over whether biodiversity reduces disease risk (dilution effect) has focused on the ecology of lyme disease, a tick-borne zoonosis. a criticism of the dilution effect is that increasing host species richness might amplify disease risk, assuming that total host abundance, and therefore feeding opportunities for ticks, increase with species richness. in contrast, a dilution effect is expected when poor quality hosts for ticks and pathogens (dilution hosts) divert tick blood meal ...201627209790
emergent pacemaker placement in a patient with lyme carditis-induced complete heart block and ventricular asystole.we report a case of a 31-year-old man who presented to the emergency department after four episodes of syncope within a 24 h time span. he was found to have symptomatic complete heart block associated with episodes of ventricular asystole lasting 5-6 s. he underwent emergent permanent pacemaker insertion during which he was found to have no underlying rhythm. he was later found to have positive serologies for lyme disease despite no known exposure to ticks and neither signs nor symptoms of the d ...201627207985
[acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans]. 201627084166
vaccinomics approach to tick vaccine development.ticks are blood-feeding arthropod ectoparasites that transmit disease-causing pathogens to humans and animals worldwide. vaccines using tick antigens have proven to be cost-effective and environmental friendly for the control of vector infestations and pathogen infection and transmission. however, new strategies are needed to identify tick protective antigens for development of improved vaccines. these strategies will be greatly enhanced by vaccinomics approaches starting from the study of tick- ...201627076305
time for a different approach to lyme disease and long-term symptoms. 201627028918
[spinal cord stimulation in teenager with complex regional pain syndrome for lyme’s disease. case report and review of the literature].lyme disease is an emerging pathology in mexico, producer of painful muscle skeletal either neurotic pain difficult to control. we present the case of a teenager girl who has complex regional pain type ii of pelvic limb secondary to it, where it established a multidisciplinary management that finally was controlled with the placement of a spinal cord stimulator. we consider this as an unusual situation in an adolescent, as well as its evolution by 60 months where the literature only was reported ...201627187001
[the combination of laryngeal paresis in the patients presenting with systemic tick-borne borreliosis (lyme disease)]. 201626977572
[incidence of lyme disease in spain]. 201626971976
unusual presentation of unilateral isolated probable lyme optic neuritis.optic neuritis (on) is one of the most common manifestations of central nervous system involvement caused by various etiologies. lyme on is an exceedingly rare ocular manifestation of lyme disease (ld) and only a few cases have been published in the literature. lyme on is very rare but should be included in the differential diagnosis in unexplained cases, particularly in lyme endemic areas. careful and detailed examination and investigation are warranted to make the diagnosis. we report this cas ...201626953086
evaluation of the c6 lyme enzyme immunoassay for the diagnosis of lyme disease in children and adolescents.the commercially-available c6 lyme enzyme immunoassay (eia) has been approved to replace the standard whole-cell sonicate eia as a first-tier test for the diagnosis of lyme disease and has been suggested as a stand-alone diagnostic. however, the c6 eia has not been extensively studied in pediatric patients undergoing evaluation for lyme disease.201627358358
current state of the art for enhancing urine biomarker discovery.urine is a highly desirable biospecimen for biomarker analysis because it can be collected recurrently by non-invasive techniques, in relatively large volumes. urine contains cellular elements, biochemicals, and proteins derived from glomerular filtration of plasma, renal tubule excretion, and urogenital tract secretions that reflect, at a given time point, an individual's metabolic and pathophysiologic state.201627232439
a case of reversible third-degree av block due to lyme carditis.the most common manifestation of lyme carditis is a varying degree of atrioventricular (av) conduction block. this case describes a 45-year-old male with third-degree av block due to lyme carditis. treatment with intravenous antibiotics resulted in complete normalization of av conduction, thereby averting permanent pacemaker implantation.201627215649
tocilizumab efficacy in a patient with positive anti-ccp chronic lyme arthritis.lyme arthritis, a manifestation of tick-borne lyme disease, can prove to be refractory to classic treatment.201627213145
underreporting of lyme and other tick-borne diseases in residents of a high-incidence county, minnesota, 2009.lyme disease (ld), anaplasmosis, babesiosis and other tick-borne diseases (tbds) attributed to ixodes ticks are thought to be widely underreported in the united states. to identify tbd cases diagnosed in 2009, but not reported to the minnesota department of health (mdh), diagnostic and procedural billing codes suggestive of tick-borne diseases were used to select medical charts for retrospective review in medical facilities serving residents of a highly endemic county in minnesota. of 444 illnes ...201627390047
human granulocytic anaplasmosis and lyme disease--reply. 201627380351
human granulocytic anaplasmosis and lyme disease. 201627380349
erratum to: bilateral vestibular hypofunction and lyme disease: a causal link? 201627369691
ccl19 as a chemokine risk factor for posttreatment lyme disease syndrome: a prospective clinical cohort study.approximately 10% to 20% of patients optimally treated for early lyme disease develop persistent symptoms of unknown pathophysiology termed posttreatment lyme disease syndrome (ptlds). the objective of this study was to investigate associations between ptlds and immune mediator levels during acute illness and at several time points following treatment. seventy-six participants with physician-documented erythema migrans and 26 healthy controls with no history of lyme disease were enrolled. sixty- ...201627358211
[lyme-arthritis--a case report].lyme disease is a serious infectious disease which, if untreated, does not recover and leads to further complications that might be severe. this exemplary case report describes a possible secondary borrelia infection. it underlines that early antibiotic therapy in the correct dosage is essential. furthermore, problems are discussed that might occur in context of the decision process concerning the best antibiotic substance and the optimal application route. last but not least, possible problems ...201627348897
comparing the effect of a leaflet and a movie in preventing tick bites and lyme disease in the netherlands.lyme disease (ld) has become the most common vector borne illness in the northern hemisphere. prevention relies predominantly on fostering protective behaviors (e.g., avoiding tick areas, using protective clothing and repellent, and doing routine tick checks post-exposure). the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness (in terms of knowledge, perceived severity and susceptibility, self-efficacy, response efficacy, intention, and behavior over time) and appreciation of a leaflet a ...201627287731
bilateral facial paralysis: a 13-year experience.bilateral facial palsy is a rare clinical entity caused by myriad disparate conditions requiring different treatment paradigms. lyme disease, guillain-barré syndrome, and leukemia are several examples. in this article, the authors describe the cause, the initial diagnostic approach, and the management of long-term sequelae of bilateral paralysis that has evolved in the authors' center over the past 13 years.201627307336
dramatic response to a 3-week course of ceftriaxone in late neuroborreliosis mimicking atypical dementia and normal pressure hydrocephalus. 201627288794
treatment of lyme disease. 201627299621
canine bicavitary carcinomatosis with transient needle tract metastasis diagnosed by multiplex immunocytochemistry.a 6-year-old, male castrated, mixed-breed dog was referred to the james l. voss veterinary teaching hospital at colorado state university for bicavitary effusion. on examination, the dog was tachycardic and tachypneic with bilaterally decreased lung sounds. thoracic and abdominal ultrasonic examination revealed pleural and peritoneal effusions, which were aspirated and submitted for fluid analysis and cytology. both cavity fluids were classified as exudates with a large population of vacuolated ...201627571570
microbiome changes through ontogeny of a tick pathogen vector.blacklegged ticks (ixodes scapularis) are one of the most important pathogen vectors in the united states, responsible for transmitting lyme disease and other tick-borne diseases. the structure of a host's microbial community has the potential to affect the ecology and evolution of the host. we employed high-throughput sequencing of the 16s rrna gene v3-v4 hypervariable regions in the first study to investigate the tick microbiome across all developmental stages (larvae, nymphs, adults). in addi ...201627588381
antibiotic treatment for chronic lyme disease-say no to the dress. 201627775763
lyme disease guidelines. 201627402647
[months of antibiotic therapy in persistent symptoms of lyme disease without effect]. 201627269781
a clinical review of tick-borne diseases in arkansas.tick-borne diseases are illnesses transmitted by ticks harboring wide variety of pathogens. arkansas is reported as one of the states with a high incidence of tick-borne diseases. in arkansas the four most frequently occurring tick-borne diseases are rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf, also known as spotted fever rickettsiosis), ehrlichiosis, tularemia and anaplasmosis. lyme disease, on the other hand, is not acquired in arkansas and is only acquired by traveling to states where lyme disease is ...201627263175
lyme borreliosis serology: performance of several commonly used laboratory diagnostic tests and a large resource panel of well-characterized patient samples.the current recommendation for the laboratory confirmation of lyme disease is serology-based diagnostics. specifically, a standardized two-tiered testing (sttt) algorithm is applied that utilizes a first-tier immunofluorescence assay or enzyme immunoassay (eia) that, if the result is positive or equivocal, is followed by second-tier immunoblotting. despite the standardization and performance achievements, sttt is considered technically complex and subjective, as well as insensitive for early acu ...201627558183
a souvenir from france: acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans presenting in the united states.a 70-year-old man was referred by his rheumatologist to our dermatology clinic for evaluation of dermatitis on his right arm that appeared 3 months earlier. the skin lesion was asymptomatic and the patient denied current systemic symptoms, including fever, chills, and joint pain; however, 10 months prior to this presentation he experienced arthritis in the left knee. at that time, borrelia serology revealed positive igg (6.07; <0.8 negative, 0.8 to 0.99 borderline, ≥1 positive) and negative igm ...201627502263
invasion of two tick-borne diseases across new england: harnessing human surveillance data to capture underlying ecological invasion processes.modelling the spatial spread of vector-borne zoonotic pathogens maintained in enzootic transmission cycles remains a major challenge. the best available spatio-temporal data on pathogen spread often take the form of human disease surveillance data. by applying a classic ecological approach-occupancy modelling-to an epidemiological question of disease spread, we used surveillance data to examine the latent ecological invasion of tick-borne pathogens. over the last half-century, previously undescr ...201627252022
the latest evidence on lyme disease. 201627498520
lyme disease in west virginia: an assessment of distribution and clinicians' knowledge of disease and surveillance.lyme disease case misclassification, a top public health concern, may be attributed to the current disconnect between clinical diagnosis and surveillance. this study examines lyme disease distribution in west virginia (wv) and determines clinicians' knowledge of both disease and surveillance. lyme disease surveillance data for 2013 were obtained from the wv bureau for public health. a validated survey, distributed to clinicians at an academic medical center, assessed clinicians' knowledge of dis ...201627491103
a school-based intervention to increase lyme disease preventive measures among elementary school-aged children.educational interventions to reduce lyme disease (ld) among at-risk school children have had little study. the purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a short in-class ld education program based on social learning theory and the health belief model (hbm) impacted a child's knowledge, attitude, and preventive behavior.201627248436
reversible corticospinal tract hyperintensities in neurologic lyme disease. 201627481458
beyond the bull's eye: recognizing lyme disease.a rash occurs in 80% of lyme disease cases, but only about a third of the rashes develop into a classic bull's-eye lesion. here's what to look for and how best to treat.201627474818
characterizing lyme disease surveillance in an endemic state.lyme disease (ld) is the most common vector-borne disease in maryland and the united states. surveillance for ld is valuable for understanding the burden of the disease, particularly to assess whether the disease is spreading and to appreciate who is affected. however, not all cases of ld in maryland are reported, and surveillance practices vary across each of maryland's 24 local health departments (lhds). to better understand this variability and to systematically characterize the surveillance ...201627469460
feasibility of a simple microsieve-based immunoassay platform.the intrinsic properties of silicon microsieves, such as an optically flat surface, high overall porosity, and low flow resistance have led to an increasing number of biotechnology applications. in this report, the feasibility of creating a microsieve-based immunoassay platform was explored. microsieves containing 5μm pores were coupled with poly-acrylic acid chains, and then mounted into a plastic holder to enable rapid reagent exchanges via a wicking mechanism. the mounted microsieves were coa ...201627448458
unique expression of chronic lyme disease and jarisch-herxheimer reaction to doxycycline therapy in a young adult.i am a 24-year-old male who was diagnosed with chronic lyme disease after 4 years of multiple, non-specific symptoms. i have written this case as first author with my faculty mentor listed as the coauthor. the objective of this report is to highlight the experience with doxycycline treatment. in 2007, at around age 19 years, i had an acute onset of sore throat, tonsillitis, low-grade fever, stiff upper back and neck muscles, migraines and severely stiff, cracking jaw joints. this led to >24 medi ...201627440843
long-term antibiotics after ceftriaxone did not improve quality of life in persistent lyme disease. 201627429317
lyme disease or a lemon? 201627989005
lyme disease: why the controversy?some australians have become convinced of the existence of locally acquired lyme disease (ld). the history of ld, since its recognition in the early 1970s, is reviewed as a model for investigative approaches to unknown syndromes. australian management guidelines for ld include the requirement for diagnostic testing by national association of testing authorities-accredited laboratories using therapeutic goods administration-licensed tests, which result in the efficient diagnosis of ld in overseas ...201627981776
application of ethnobotanical repellents and acaricides in prevention, control and management of livestock ticks: a review.ticks transmit at least the same number or even more pathogens than any other group of blood-feeding arthropods worldwide affecting humans and animals. the eco-friendly control and management of tick vectors in a constantly changing environment is a crucial challenge. besides the development of vaccines against ticks, ipm practices aimed at reducing tick interactions with livestock, emerging pheromone-based control tools, and few biological control agents, the extensive employment of acaricides ...201627892855
peroperative cardiogenic shock suggesting acute coronary syndrome as initial manifestation of lyme carditis.carditis can complicate lyme disease in an estimated <5% of cases, and cardiogenic shock and severe cardiac arrhythmias are described with electrocardiographic abnormalities that could be suggestive of coronary manifestations. we report a case of severe persistent biventricular heart failure complicated by cardiac arrhythmias as initial manifestation of a lyme disease developing peroperatively electrocardiographic abnormalities suggesting acute transmural myocardial infarction.201627871570
lyme disease in modern ireland: the importance of home imaging. 201627685494
poster 362 osmotic demyelination in lyme disease: a case report. 201627673115
evidence of rapid changes in lyme disease awareness in canada.lyme disease (ld) is emerging in canada. a key preventive strategy is promoting the adoption by the general public of personal preventive behaviors regarding tick bites. the aim of this study was to measure the changes in public awareness toward ticks and ld before and after the launch of a national communication campaign in canada using data from two surveys conducted in march and december 2014. the results show a significant increase in awareness of ld after compared to before the campaign, bu ...201627665265
students' attitudes to tick risks.the ever-increasing number of patients with tick-borne diseases resulted in the presented study investigating the awareness, attitudes and knowledge among students about the threats arising from tick bites and preventive anti-tick practices.201627660864
linear sclerodermoid lupus erythematosus profundus in a child.lupus erythematosus panniculitis, also known as lupus profundus, is a variant in the clinicopathological spectrum of lupus erythematosus (le) affecting about 2%-3% of le patients. a linear configuration of le panniculitis has been reported rarely with rare reports describing the coexistence of different forms of cutaneous le and localized morphea. in this study, the authors present a 9-year-old girl with linear arrangement of subcutaneous nodules on her left forearm. microscopic findings from 2 ...201627831941
lyme disease. 201627802470
host-seeking phenology of ixodes pacificus (acari: ixodidae) nymphs in northwestern california in relation to calendar week, woodland type, and weather conditions.local knowledge of when humans are at elevated risk for exposure to tick vectors of human disease agents is required both for the effective use of personal protection measures to avoid tick bites and for implementation of control measures to suppress host-seeking ticks. here, we used previously published data on the seasonal density of host-seeking ixodes pacificus cooley and kohls nymphs, the primary vectors of lyme disease spirochetes in the far western usa, collected across a broad habitat an ...201627707985
rare cause of bilateral sudden deafness.in this paper, we describe the case of a 62-year-old female with recurring episodes of sudden deafness with vertigo and facial paresis. within a month's time, this resulted in bilateral deafness and vestibular areflexia. erroneously, the patient was diagnosed with sudden deafness of unknown origin and subsequently with neuroborreliosis (lyme disease). the true diagnosis of relapsing polychondritis (rp) was revealed 9 months after initial presentation. the diagnostic delay is in part explained by ...201628049117
antibody profiling of canine igg responses to the ospc protein of the lyme disease spirochetes supports a multivalent approach in vaccine and diagnostic assay development.ospc performs essential functions during the enzootic cycle of the lyme disease (ld) spirochetes. in this study, the specificity of antibody (ab) responses to ospc was profiled to define the antigenic determinants during infection and after vaccination. several ospc variants or 'types' were screened with serum from snap4dx c6 positive dogs and with serum from rabbits hyperimmunized with ospc proteins. the ospc type-specific nature of the ab response revealed that variable domains of ospc are imm ...201627938705
tick-borne illnesses.tick-borne diseases are prevalent throughout the united states. these illnesses are caused by a variety of different pathogens that use ticks as vectors, including bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, and protozoa. some of the most common illnesses caused by ticks are lyme disease, rocky mountain spotted fever, babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis, tularemia, colorado tick fever, tick-borne relapsing fever, and powassan disease. unique skin changes, fever, and influenza-like symptoms may indicate ti ...201626963018
lyme disease. 201627802469
lyme disease. 201627650153
lyme disease surveillance in new york state: an assessment of case underreporting.despite the mandatory nature of lyme disease (ld) reporting in new york state (nys), it is believed that only a fraction of the ld cases diagnosed annually are reported to public health authorities. lack of complete ld case reporting generally stems from (i) lack of report of provider-diagnosed cases where supportive laboratory testing is not ordered or results are negative (i.e. provider underreporting) and (ii) incomplete case information (clinical laboratory reporting only with no accompanyin ...201627612955
longer-term therapy for symptoms attributed to lyme disease. 201627602675
longer-term therapy for symptoms attributed to lyme disease. 201627602674
longer-term therapy for symptoms attributed to lyme disease. 201627602673
need for a new lyme disease vaccine. 201627602662
[lyme disease: the french infectious diseases society's statement]. 201627592140
identification and functional characterization of a pyrokinin neuropeptide receptor in the lyme disease vector, ixodes scapularis.pyrokinin-related peptides are pleiotropic factors that are defined by their conserved c-terminal sequence fxprl-nh2. the pyrokinin nomenclature derives from their originally identified myotropic actions and, as seen in some family members, a blocked amino terminus with pyroglutamate. the black-legged tick, ixodes scapularis, is well known as a vector of lyme disease and various other illnesses; however, in comparison to blood-feeding insects, knowledge on its physiology (along with other ixodid ...201627667704
the eye and tick-borne disease in the united states.tick-borne diseases are increasing in incidence and geographic distribution. several diseases endemic to the united states have ophthalmic manifestations, including the most common tick-borne disease, lyme borreliosis. as ocular complaints may lead a patient to seek medical evaluation, it is important to be aware of the systemic and ophthalmic manifestations of tick-borne diseases in order to make the correct diagnosis.201627585218
the vector tick ixodes ricinus feeding on an arboreal rodent-the edible dormouse glis glis.the reservoir competence and long life expectancy of edible dormice, glis glis, suggest that they serve as efficient reservoir hosts for lyme disease (ld) spirochetes. their arboreality, however, may reduce the probability to encounter sufficient questing ixodes ricinus ticks to acquire and perpetuate ld spirochetes. to define the potential role of this small arboreal hibernator in the transmission cycle of ld spirochetes, we examined their rate and density of infestation with subadult ticks thr ...201626670314
identification and the preliminary in vitro characterization of iris homologue from salivary glands of ixodes persulcatus schulze.ixodes ricinus immunosuppressor (iris) is a tick salivary gland protein derived from i. ricinus. in this study, iris homolog was identified in the salivary glands of ixodes persulcatus, which is the specific vector of the lyme disease agent in japan. the homolog was named ipis-1. to investigate the function of ipis-1, we prepared a recombinant ipis-1 expressed in cos-7 cells as a rabbit igg fc-fused protein (ipis-1-ig). cell proliferation assay and ifn-γ elisa showed that ipis-1-ig inhibits the ...201626460162
notes from the field: lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus meningoencephalitis from a household rodent infestation - minnesota, 2015.on april 20, 2015, a female aged 15 years sought care at her pediatrician's office after 5 days of fever, myalgia, left parietal headache, and photophobia. a rapid influenza assay was negative, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate and total white blood cell count were normal. she improved with symptomatic care at home, but returned to her pediatrician's office on april 28, reporting recurrence of her headache and photophobia and new onset of a stiff neck. she was admitted to the hospital, where sh ...201626963688
5-hydroxytryptamine and lyme disease. opportunity for a novel therapy to reduce the cerebellar tremor?lyme boreliosis is caused by the spirochete borrelia burdorferi, which is transmitted by ticks. a 59 year-old woman developed pyrexia, strong headaches, ataxia, dysarthria and tremor of the limbs after a tick bite. she was unable to work and eat on her own. she was hospitalized three times and diagnosed with cerebellar intention tremor, cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, bilateral horizontal gaze paralysis and a central lesion of the left facial nerve. there were no pyramidal, sensory or psychiatric ...201627373127
is there a lyme-like disease in australia? summary of the findings to date.lyme borreliosis is a common tick-borne disease of the northern hemisphere caused by the spirochaetes of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (b. burgdorferi s. l.) complex. it results in multi-organ disease with arthritic, cardiac, neurological and dermatological manifestations. in the last twenty-five years there have been over 500 reports of an australian lyme-like syndrome in the scientific literature. however, the diagnoses of lyme borreliosis made in these cases have been primarily by clini ...201628616477
hospitalized children with encephalitis in the united states: a pediatric health information system database study.given the paucity of data on resource utilization among children with encephalitis, the objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology and evaluate resource utilization and discharge data of children with encephalitis admitted to us hospitals from 2004 to 2013.201627353693
tick repellents and acaricides of botanical origin: a green roadmap to control tick-borne diseases?arthropods are dangerous vectors of agents of deadly diseases, which may hit as epidemics or pandemics in the increasing world population of humans and animals. among them, ticks transmit more pathogen species than any other group of blood-feeding arthropods worldwide. thus, the effective and eco-friendly control of tick vectors in a constantly changing environment is a crucial challenge. a number of novel routes have been attempted to prevent and control tick-borne diseases, including the devel ...201627146901
evaluation of flab1, flab2, flab3, and tp0463 of treponema pallidum for serodiagnosis of syphilis.syphilis is a multistage disease caused by the invasive spirochete treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, and accurate diagnosis is important for the prevention and treatment of syphilis. here, to identify appropriate diagnostic antigens for serodiagnosis of syphilis, 6 recombinant proteins were expressed in escherichia coli and purified, including flagellins (flab1 [tp0868], flab2 [tp0792], and flab3 [tp0870]), tp0463, tp0751, and tp1038. the sensitivities were determined by screening sera from in ...201626607421
clinical management of infectious cerebral vasculitides.a wide range of infections (virus, bacteria, parasite and fungi) may cause cerebral vasculitides. headache, seizures, encephalopathy and stroke are common forms of presentation. infection and inflammation of intracranial vessels may cause pathological vascular remodelling, vascular occlusion and ischemia. vasculitis in chronic meningitis may cause ischemic infarctions, and is associated with poor outcome. appropriate neuroimaging (ct-angiography, mr-angiography, conventional 4-vessel angiography ...201626689107
emerging cases of powassan virus encephalitis in new england: clinical presentation, imaging, and review of the literature.powassan virus (powv) is a rarely diagnosed cause of encephalitis in the united states. in the northeast, it is transmitted by ixodes scapularis, the same vector that transmits lyme disease. the prevalence of powv among animal hosts and vectors has been increasing. we present 8 cases of powv encephalitis from massachusetts and new hampshire in 2013-2015.201626668338
short-term stability of borrelia garinii in cerebrospinal fluid.the aim of our study was to find out the optimal conditions for short-term storage of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples for direct diagnosis of lyme disease. a mixture of borrelia-negative csfs spiked with a defined amount of cultured borrelia garinii was used. borrelia stability was investigated over 7 days at four different temperatures [room temperature (rt), +4, -20 and -70 °c]. quantitative changes in csf borrelia were measured by quantitative pcr (qpcr), and morphological changes in the sp ...201626104540
consensus recommendations for treatment for dogs with serology positive glomerular disease. 201624635382
innate immunity networks during infection with borrelia burgdorferi.the recognition of borrelia species represents a complex process in which multiple components of the immune system are involved. in this review, we summarize the interplay between the host innate system and borrelia spp., from the recognition by pattern recognition receptors (prrs) to the induction of a complex network of proinflammatory mediators. several prr families are crucial for recognition of borrelia spp., including toll-like receptors (tlrs) and nucleotide oligomerization domain (nod)-l ...201624963691
ixodes tick saliva suppresses the keratinocyte cytokine response to tlr2/tlr3 ligands during early exposure to lyme borreliosis.ixodes hard tick induces skin injury by its sophisticated biting process. its saliva plays a key role to enable an efficient blood meal that lasts for several days. we hypothesized that this feeding process may also be exploited by pathogens to facilitate their transmission, especially in the context of arthropod-borne diseases. to test this, we used lyme borreliosis as a model. this bacterial infection is caused by borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato transmitted by ixodes. we co-incubated borrelia ...201626307945
absence of borrelia burgdorferi in the myocardium of subjects with normal left ventricular systolic function: a study using pcr and electron microscopy.several studies have demonstrated the presence of the borrelia burgdorferi (bb) genome in the myocardium of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm). to further support a causal relationship between the presence of bb in the heart muscle and the development of dcm, demonstration of the absence of bb in the myocardium of subjects with normal left ventricular (lv) systolic function is needed.201626498214
the many masks of cutaneous lyme disease.early cutaneous lyme disease, erythema migrans, may show different histopathologic patterns. the intent of this case series is to raise awareness of these findings to prevent misdiagnosis and keep this entity in the differential. erythema migrans develops after a tick bite and subsequent infection with the spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi. it most commonly manifests as a solitary, annular lesion with a bull's-eye appearance. classic histopathologic findings include superficial and deep perivascu ...201626347360
interaction of spirochetes with the host fibrinolytic system and potential roles in pathogenesis.the pathogenic spirochetes borrelia burgdorferi, b. hermsii, b. recurrentis, treponema denticola and leptospira spp. are the etiologic agents of lyme disease, relapsing fever, periodontitis and leptospirosis, respectively. lyme borreliosis is a multi-systemic disorder and the most prevalent tick-borne disease in the northern hemisphere. tick-borne relapsing fever is persistent in endemic areas worldwide, representing a significant burden in some african regions. periodontal disease, a chronic in ...201625914944
a high frequency of viral agents yet absence of borrelia burgdorferi is seen within the myocardium of subjects with normal left ventricular systolic function: an electron microscopy study.a wide range of viral agents is associated with the development of acute myocarditis and its possible chronic sequela, dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm). there is also increasing evidence that borrelia burgdorferi (bb) is associated with dcm in endemic regions for bb infection. this study sought to use electron microscopy to prospectively analyze the presence of viruses and bb within the myocardium of 40 subjects with preserved left ventricular (lv) ejection fraction and 40 patients with new-onset un ...201626205424
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