Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| fatal borreliosis in bat caused by relapsing fever spirochete, united kingdom. | 2009 | 19751613 | |
| spitting image: tick saliva assists the causative agent of lyme disease in evading host skin's innate immune response. | lyme disease is caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi and is transmitted through ticks. inhibition of host skin's innate immune response might be instrumental to both tick feeding and b. burgdorferi transmission. the article by marchal et al. describes how tick saliva suppresses b. burgdorferi-induced antimicrobial peptide production. this inhibition directly facilitates survival of the spirochete and might lead to diminished chemotaxis of leukocytes toward the site of the tick bite. | 2009 | 19749783 |
| uncommon manifestations of neuroborreliosis in children. | lyme borreliosis is a tick-borne spirochetal infection which affects the skin, joints, heart and nervous system. children with a neuroborreliosis usually present with a facial nerve palsy or aseptic meningitis, but the spectrum also includes other rare manifestations. we report four unusual cases of childhood neuroborreliosis and show that seizures with regional leptomeningeal enhancement, acute transverse myelitis, meningoradiculitis with pain and paraesthesia and cranial nerve palsies other th ... | 2010 | 19748808 |
| recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis due to subclinical lyme borreliosis. | we report an extremely rare case of recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis due to subclinical lyme borreliosis. | 2010 | 19740453 |
| overexpression of csra (bb0184) alters the morphology and antigen profiles of borrelia burgdorferi. | borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of lyme disease, alters its gene expression in response to highly disparate environmental signals encountered in its hosts. among the relatively few regulators of adaptive gene expression present in the borrelial genome is an open reading frame (orf), bb0184, annotated as csra (carbon storage regulator a). csra, in several bacterial species, has been characterized as a small rna binding protein that functions as a global regulator affecting mrna stability or level ... | 2009 | 19737901 |
| landscape epidemiology of vector-borne diseases. | landscape epidemiology describes how the temporal dynamics of host, vector, and pathogen populations interact spatially within a permissive environment to enable transmission. the spatially defined focus, or nidus, of transmission may be characterized by vegetation as well as by climate, latitude, elevation, and geology. the ecological complexity, dimensions, and temporal stability of the nidus are determined largely by pathogen natural history and vector bionomics. host populations, transmissio ... | 2010 | 19737082 |
| pathogen translocation across the blood-brain barrier. | neurological manifestations caused by neuroinvading pathogens are typically attributed to penetration of the blood-brain barrier (bbb) and invasion of the central nervous system. however, the mechanisms used by many pathogens (such as borrelia) to traverse the bbb are still unclear. recent studies revealed that microbial translocation across the bbb must involve a repertoire of microbial-host interactions (receptor-ligand interactions). however, the array of interacting molecules responsible for ... | 2009 | 19732140 |
| [detection of tick and tick-borne pathogen in some ports of inner mongolia]. | to investigate the distribution, composition and situation of natural infection pathogen of tick species in the main ports of inner mongolia. | 2009 | 19731529 |
| [peripheral facial palsy caused by lyme disease]. | 2009 | 19729353 | |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species in europe induce diverse immune responses against c6 peptides in infected mice. | the diversity of lyme-borreliosis-inducing borrelia species in europe set high standards for the use of serodiagnostic test systems in terms of specificity and sensitivity. in the united states, the one-step c6 antibody test system based on the invariable domain ir6 of the vlse molecule has been established as a successful diagnostic tool for testing canine samples. however, only a limited set of data are available regarding the antigenicity of the c6 peptides in an experimental murine model and ... | 2009 | 19726618 |
| assessment of polymicrobial infections in ticks in new york state. | ixodes scapularis ticks are clinically important hematophagous vectors. a single tick bite can lead to a polymicrobial infection. we determined the prevalence of polymicrobial infection with borrelia burgdorferi, anaplasma phagocytophilum, babesia microti, borrelia miyamotoi, and powassan virus in 286 adult ticks from the two counties in new york state where lyme disease is endemic, utilizing a masstag multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay. seventy-one percent of the ticks harbored at least ... | 2010 | 19725770 |
| molecular characterization of a new isolate of borrelia lusitaniae derived from apodemus sylvaticus in portugal. | a total of 196 small mammals were collected in portugal and tested for borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. tissue samples were taken from each animal and cultured in barbour-stoenner-kelly (bsk)-ii medium. the single strain of spirochete isolated was confirmed as borrelia lusitaniae by genetic analyses. this is the first report of b. lusitaniae isolated from apodemus sylvaticus. | 2010 | 19725761 |
| [45-year-old woman with joint pain and suspected lyme arthritis]. | 2009 | 19718595 | |
| a traveler with neurobrucellosis. | an indian traveler developed fever and neurological symptoms after a visit to east africa. he was treated with suramin, melarsoprol and prednisolone for presumed east african trypanosomiasis. his condition deteriorated and cerebral lesions developed. neurobrucellosis was diagnosed. combination antibiotic therapy led to gradual clinical improvement and regression of the brain lesions. misdiagnosis of east african trypanosomiasis followed by treatment with potentially lethal medication should be a ... | 2009 | 19717103 |
| risk indicators for the tick ixodes ricinus and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in sweden. | the distributional area of the tick ixodes ricinus (l.), the primary european vector to humans of lyme borreliosis spirochaetes (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) and tick-borne encephalitis virus, appears to be increasing in sweden. it is therefore important to determine which environmental factors are most useful to assess risk of human exposure to this tick and its associated pathogens. the geographical distribution of i. ricinus in sweden was analysed with respect to vegetation zones and clim ... | 2009 | 19712153 |
| 'nothing is permanent but change'- antigenic variation in persistent bacterial pathogens. | pathogens persist in immunocompetent mammalian hosts using various strategies, including evasion of immune effectors by antigenic variation. among highly antigenically variant bacteria, gene conversion is used to generate novel expressed variants from otherwise silent donor sequences. recombination using oligonucleotide segments from multiple donors is a combinatorial mechanism that tremendously expands the variant repertoire, allowing thousands of variants to be generated from a relatively smal ... | 2009 | 19709057 |
| phylogeography of borrelia burgdorferi in the eastern united states reflects multiple independent lyme disease emergence events. | since its first description in coastal connecticut in 1976, both the incidence of lyme disease and the geographic extent of endemic areas in the us have increased dramatically. the rapid expansion of lyme disease into its current distribution in the eastern half of the us has been due to the range expansion of the tick vector, ixodes scapularis, upon which the causative agent, borrelia burgdorferi is dependent for transmission to humans. in this study, we examined the phylogeographic population ... | 2009 | 19706476 |
| possible role of glial cells in the onset and progression of lyme neuroborreliosis. | lyme neuroborreliosis (lnb) may present as meningitis, cranial neuropathy, acute radiculoneuropathy or, rarely, as encephalomyelitis. we hypothesized that glia, upon exposure to borrelia burgdorferi, the lyme disease agent, produce inflammatory mediators that promote the acute cellular infiltration of early lnb. this inflammatory context could potentiate glial and neuronal apoptosis. | 2009 | 19706181 |
| borrelia burgdorferi bmpa is a laminin-binding protein. | the borrelia burgdorferi bmpa outer surface protein plays a significant role in mammalian infection by the lyme disease spirochete and is an important antigen for the serodiagnosis of human infection. b. burgdorferi adheres to host extracellular matrix components, including laminin. the results of our studies indicate that bmpa and its three paralogous proteins, bmpb, bmpc, and bmpd, all bind to mammalian laminin. bmpa did not bind mammalian type i or type iv collagens or fibronectin. bmpa-direc ... | 2009 | 19703983 |
| borrelia burgdorferi small lipoprotein lp6.6 is a member of multiple protein complexes in the outer membrane and facilitates pathogen transmission from ticks to mice. | borrelia burgdorferi lipoprotein lp6.6 is a differentially produced spirochete antigen. an assessment of lp6.6 expression covering representative stages of the infectious cycle of spirochetes demonstrates that the gene is solely expressed during pathogen persistence in ticks. deletion of lp6.6 in infectious b. burgdorferi did not influence in vitro growth, or its ability to persist and induce inflammation in mice, migrate to larval or nymphal ticks or survive through the larval-nymphal molt. how ... | 2009 | 19703109 |
| development of a single-plasmid-based regulatable gene expression system for borrelia burgdorferi. | we developed a single-plasmid-based regulatable protein expression system for borrelia burgdorferi. expression of a target gene is driven by p(ost), a hybrid b. burgdorferi ospa-teto promoter, from a recombinant b. burgdorferi plasmid constitutively expressing tetr. the system was tested using the green fluorescent protein (gfp) as a reporter. under noninducing conditions, recombinant b. burgdorferi cells were nonfluorescent, no gfp protein was detected, and residual, small amounts of transcript ... | 2009 | 19700541 |
| distinct in situ structures of the borrelia flagellar motor. | bacteria can be propelled in liquids by flagellar filaments that are attached to and moved by flagellar motors. these motors are rotary nanomachines that use the electrochemical potential from ion gradients. the motor can spin in both directions with specific proteins regulating the direction in response to chemotactic stimuli. here we investigated the structure of flagellar motors of borrelia spirochetes, the causative agents of lyme disease in humans. we revealed the structure of the motor com ... | 2010 | 19699799 |
| psychiatric comorbidity and other psychological factors in patients with "chronic lyme disease". | there is no evidence of current or previous borrelia burgdorferi infection in most patients evaluated at university-based lyme disease referral centers. instead, psychological factors likely exacerbate the persistent diffuse symptoms or "chronic multisymptom illness" (cmi) incorrectly ascribed to an ongoing chronic infection with b. burgdorferi. the objective of this study was to assess the medical and psychiatric status of such patients and compare these findings to those from patients without ... | 2009 | 19699380 |
| tick-borne relapsing fever in a new highland endemic focus of western iran. | tick-borne relapsing fever (tbrf) is a neglected zoonotic disease caused by infection with spirochaetes of the genus borrelia. humans usually contract it from the bite of infected soft ticks of the genus ornithodoros. in iran, where the disease is endemic in the mountainous north-western provinces, reports of over 200 cases annually probably under-estimate the true incidence. the species, distribution and infection of ticks that are potential vectors of borrelia and the clinical and epidemiologi ... | 2009 | 19695158 |
| managing japanese barberry (ranunculales: berberidaceae) infestations reduces blacklegged tick (acari: ixodidae) abundance and infection prevalence with borrelia burgdorferi (spirochaetales: spirochaetaceae). | in many connecticut forests with an overabundance of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus zimmermann), japanese barberry (berberis thunbergii dc) has become the dominant understory shrub, which may provide a habitat favorable to blacklegged tick (ixodes scapularis say) and white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus rafinesque) survival. to determine mouse and larval tick abundances at three replicate sites over 2 yr, mice were trapped in unmanipulated dense barberry infestations, areas where b ... | 2009 | 19689875 |
| altitudinal patterns of tick and host abundance: a potential role for climate change in regulating tick-borne diseases? | the impact of climate change on vector-borne infectious diseases is currently controversial. in europe the primary arthropod vectors of zoonotic diseases are ticks, which transmit borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (the agent of lyme disease), tick-borne encephalitis virus and louping ill virus between humans, livestock and wildlife. ixodes ricinus ticks and reported tick-borne disease cases are currently increasing in the uk. theories for this include climate change and increasing host abundance. ... | 2010 | 19685082 |
| subacute transverse myelitis with lyme profile dissociation. | transverse myelitis is a very rare neurologic syndrome with an incidence per year of 1-5 per million population. we are presenting an interesting case of subacute transverse myelitis with its mri (magnetic resonance imaging) and csf (cerebrospinal fluid) findings. | 2008 | 19675732 |
| guaa and guab are essential for borrelia burgdorferi survival in the tick-mouse infection cycle. | pathogens lacking the enzymatic pathways for de novo purine biosynthesis are required to salvage purines and pyrimidines from the host environment for synthesis of dna and rna. two key enzymes in purine salvage pathways are imp dehydrogenase (guab) and gmp synthase (guaa), encoded by the guab and guaa genes, respectively. while these genes are typically found on the chromosome in most bacterial pathogens, the guaab operon of borrelia burgdorferi is present on plasmid cp26, which also harbors a n ... | 2009 | 19666713 |
| borrelia burgdorferi resistance to a major skin antimicrobial peptide is independent of outer surface lipoprotein content. | we hypothesize a potential role for borrelia burgdorferi ospc in innate immune evasion at the initial stage of mammalian infection. we demonstrate that b. burgdorferi is resistant to high levels (>200 microg/ml) of cathelicidin and that this antimicrobial peptide exhibits limited binding to the spirochetal outer membrane, irrespective of ospc or other abundant surface lipoproteins. we conclude that the essential role of ospc is unrelated to resistance to this component of innate immunity. | 2009 | 19651916 |
| effects of tick control by acaricide self-treatment of white-tailed deer on host-seeking tick infection prevalence and entomologic risk for ixodes scapularis-borne pathogens. | we evaluated the effects of tick control by acaricide self-treatment of white-tailed deer on the infection prevalence and entomologic risk for three ixodes scapularis-borne bacteria in host-seeking ticks. ticks were collected from vegetation in areas treated with the "4-poster" device and from control areas over a 6-year period in five geographically diverse study locations in the northeastern united states and tested for infection with two known agents of human disease, borrelia burgdorferi and ... | 2009 | 19650738 |
| topical treatment of white-tailed deer with an acaricide for the control of ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) in a connecticut lyme borreliosis hyperendemic community. | the 4-poster device for the topical treatment of white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus (zimmermann), against ticks using the acaricide amitraz, was evaluated in a lyme borreliosis endemic community in connecticut. as part of a 5-year project from 1997 to 2002, 21-24 of the 4-posters were distributed at residential sites in old lyme, ct, in a core treatment area of approximately 5.2 km(2) in fall 1997. the 4-posters were active october to mid-december and march into may, corresponding to the ... | 2009 | 19650731 |
| community-based prevention of lyme disease and other tick-borne diseases through topical application of acaricide to white-tailed deer: background and rationale. | this series of articles describes the first large-scale experiment designed to explore the efficacy of reducing the risk of tick-borne disease in highly endemic communities of the northeastern and mid-atlantic united states through deployment of a self-application device that treats white-tailed deer with acaricide to prevent feeding by adult ixodes scapularis ticks and all stages of amblyomma americanum ticks where both species occur. the results of the multicenter study are reported in the acc ... | 2009 | 19650729 |
| identification of anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in patients with erythema migrans. | anaplasma phagocytophilum has been first isolated from the blood of two czech patients simultaneously with a cultivation of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from their erythema migrans lesions. cultivation of different borrelia spp. from 12 erythema migrans biopsies, from 2 blood, one liquor and one placenta sample in bsk-h medium was successful. adapted conventional methods targeting 16s rrna and ospa genes for real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and partial sequencing of these genes toget ... | 2009 | 19649743 |
| self-limiting fourth and sixth cranial nerve palsy after lyme disease. | lyme disease, or borreliosis, is caused by a bacteria (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) and is transmitted to humans by the bite of ticks of the ixodes genus. the authors describe a 16-year-old girl who presented with extraocular muscle palsies and had serology positive for lyme disease. the muscle palsies resolved after antibiotic treatment with no residual limitation of ocular movements. | 2010 | 19645376 |
| scleroderma linearis: hemiatrophia faciei progressiva (parry-romberg syndrom) without any changes in cns and linear scleroderma "en coup de sabre" with cns tumor. | hemifacial atrophy (parry-romberg syndrome) is a relatively rare disease. the etiology of the disease is not clear. some authors postulate its relation with limited scleroderma linearis. linear scleroderma "en coup de sabre" is characterized by clinical presence of most commonly one-sided linear syndrome. in a number of patients, neurological affection is the medium of the disease. the treatment of both scleroderma varieties is similar to the treatment of limited systemic sclerosis. | 2009 | 19635150 |
| t-cell epitope mapping of the borrelia garinii outer surface protein a in lyme neuroborreliosis. | we studied the t-cell reactivity to overlapping peptides of b. garinii ospa, in order to locate possible immunodominant t-cell epitopes in neuroborreliosis. cells from cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and blood from 39 patients with neuroborreliosis and 31 controls were stimulated with 31 overlapping peptides, and interferon-gamma secreting cells were detected by elispot. the peptides ospa(17-36), ospa(49-68), ospa(105-124), ospa(137-156), ospa(193-212) and ospa(233-252) showed the highest frequency of ... | 2009 | 19630920 |
| avian spirochetosis in chickens following experimental transmission of borrelia anserina by argas (persicargas) miniatus. | this study reports the experimental transmission of borrelia anserina to domestic chickens by infected argas (persicargas) miniatus. clinical alterations as well as prepatent and patent periods were evaluated. twenty-seven 67-day-old birds were divided into three groups in a randomized experimental design. the first group was exposed to ticks infected with b. anserina, the second group was exposed to noninfected ticks, and the third group was not exposed to ticks. blood smears from each bird of ... | 2009 | 19630219 |
| coincidence of three pathogens (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia microti) in ixodes ricinus ticks in the lublin macroregion. | ticks are very important vectors of pathogenic microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, protozoans), which may induce serious contagious diseases in humans and in farm animals. the aim of the study was to determine the coincidence of 3 pathogens: borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia microti in ixodes ricinus ticks in south-eastern poland and to estimate the degree of infection with each of the examined pathogens depending on the developmental stage of ticks (nymph, fe ... | 2009 | 19630205 |
| tick-borne relapsing fever and borrelia hermsii, los angeles county, california, usa. | the primary cause of tick-borne relapsing fever in western north america is borrelia hermsii, a rodent-associated spirochete transmitted by the fast-feeding soft tick ornithodoros hermsi. we describe a patient who had an illness consistent with relapsing fever after exposure in the mountains near los angeles, california, usa. the patient's convalescent-phase serum was seropositive for b. hermsii but negative for several other vector-borne bacterial pathogens. investigations at the exposure site ... | 2009 | 19624916 |
| current issues in relapsing fever. | relapsing fever has the highest incidence of any bacterial disease in africa and a massive epidemic potential due to current political turmoil in the horn of africa. this review focuses on recent advances in diagnostics, molecular biology and host-pathogen interactions. | 2009 | 19623064 |
| [assessment of rate of infection with agents of bacterial infections in ticks captured on one of the moscow park terrains]. | to study the rate of infection of ticks captured one of the moscow park terrains with bacteria (agents of tick borreliosis and anaplasmosis). | 2009 | 19621812 |
| comparative analysis of the properties and ligand binding characteristics of cspz, a factor h binding protein, derived from borrelia burgdorferi isolates of human origin. | borrelia burgdorferi cspz (bbh06/bbcrasp-2) binds the complement regulatory protein factor h (fh) and additional unidentified serum proteins. the goals of this study were to assess the ligand binding capability of cspz orthologs derived from an extensive panel of human lyme disease isolates and to further define the molecular basis of the interaction between fh and cspz. while most b. burgdorferi cspz orthologs analyzed bound fh, specific, naturally occurring polymorphisms, most of which cluster ... | 2009 | 19620346 |
| complement factor h binding by different lyme disease and relapsing fever borrelia in animals and human. | borreliae employ multiple immune evasive strategies such as binding to complement regulatory proteins [factor h (fh) and factor h like-1 (fhl1)], differential regulation of surface membrane proteins, antigenic variation, and binding of plasminogen/plasmin and matrix metalloproteinases. as a complement regulatory subunit, fh serves as a cofactor for the factor i-mediated cleavage of c3b. fh binding by borrelia has been correlated with pathogenesis as well as with host diversity. here we show the ... | 2009 | 19604355 |
| prevalence of taste disorders in idiopathic and b. burgdorferi-associated facial palsy. | the frequency of taste disorders in idiopathic facial palsy (ifp) and b. burgdorferi-associated facial palsy (bfp) was retrospectively assessed in a cohort of patients with acute peripheral facial palsy (afp). a significant (>10/microl) csf pleocytosis was found in 17% of the patients who underwent lumbar puncture for afp. in two centres, 26 patients with bfp were identified by csf and serological criteria. the control group (patients with ifp) consisted of 59 patients from one of the centres in ... | 2009 | 19603242 |
| antibiotic treatment of animals infected with borrelia burgdorferi. | despite resolution of the objective manifestations of lyme disease after antibiotic treatment, a minority of patients have fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, and/or difficulties with concentration or short-term memory of uncertain etiology; these are called post-lyme disease symptoms or, in more severe cases, post-lyme disease syndrome or "chronic lyme disease." several recent studies in which borrelia burgdorferi-infected animals were treated with antibiotic therapy have demonstrated the presence o ... | 2009 | 19597005 |
| high-throughput screening identifies three inhibitor classes of the telomere resolvase from the lyme disease spirochete. | lyme disease, the most common vector-borne zoonosis in north america, is caused by the spirochetal pathogen borrelia burgdorferi. the telomere resolvase encoded by this organism (rest) promotes the formation of covalently closed hairpin ends on the linear dna molecules of b. burgdorferi through a two-step transesterification. rest is essential for survival and is therefore an attractive target for the development of highly specific antiborrelial drugs. to identify rest inhibitors, a novel fluore ... | 2009 | 19596868 |
| dna-binding by haemophilus influenzae and escherichia coli ybab, members of a widely-distributed bacterial protein family. | genes orthologous to the ybab loci of escherichia coli and haemophilus influenzae are widely distributed among eubacteria. several years ago, the three-dimensional structures of the ybab orthologs of both e. coli and h. influenzae were determined, revealing a novel "tweezer"-like structure. however, a function for ybab had remained elusive, with an early study of the h. influenzae ortholog failing to detect dna-binding activity. our group recently determined that the borrelia burgdorferi ybab or ... | 2009 | 19594923 |
| bioinformatic comparison of bacterial secretomes. | the rapid increasing number of completed bacterial genomes provides a good opportunity to compare their proteomes. this study was undertaken to specifically compare and contrast their secretomes-the fraction of the proteome with predicted n-terminal signal sequences, both type i and type ii. a total of 176 theoretical bacterial proteomes were examined using the exprot program. compared with the gram-positives, the gram-negative bacteria were found, on average, to contain a larger number of poten ... | 2009 | 19591790 |
| [enlarged lymph nodes, fever, abdominal cramps, numbness in arm and leg. deciding evidence in the gluteal fold]. | 2009 | 19591341 | |
| toll-like receptors mediate induction of hepcidin in mice infected with borrelia burgdorferi. | hepcidin is the major regulator of systemic iron homeostasis in mammals. hepcidin is produced mainly by the liver and is increased by inflammation, leading to hypoferremia. we measured serum levels of bioactive hepcidin and its effects on serum iron levels in mice infected with borrelia burgdorferi. bioactive hepcidin was elevated in the serum of mice resulting in hypoferremia. infected mice produced hepcidin in both liver and spleen. both intact and sonicated b burgdorferi induced hepcidin expr ... | 2009 | 19587376 |
| rapid detection of borrelia burgdorferi strains by nested polymerase chain reaction. | this study was carried out to evaluate the nested pcr for specific detection of different strains of b. burgdorferi. five strains of b. burgdorferi including aca-1, b-31, 2b45, 3b45, 7b49 obtained from different countries were used in this study. the strains of b. hermsii, escherichia. coli and t. pallidum were also included as control strains. two pairs of nested pcr primers were used to amplify the gene encoding the osp-a protein of b. burgdorfer under standard pcr condition. in a two stage pr ... | 2009 | 19579990 |
| comprehensive seroprofiling of sixteen b. burgdorferi ospc: implications for lyme disease diagnostics design. | early diagnosis of lyme disease (ld) is critical to successful treatment. however, current serodiagnostic tests do not reliably detect antibodies during early infection. ospc induces a potent early immune response and is also one of the most diverse proteins in the borrelia proteome. yet, at least 70% of the amino acid sequence is conserved among all 21 known ospc types. we performed a series of comprehensive seroprofiling studies to select the ospc types that have the most cross-reactive immuno ... | 2009 | 19576856 |
| occurrence of dirofilaria immitis and tick-borne infections caused by anaplasma phagocytophilum, borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and ehrlichia canis in domestic dogs in france: results of a countrywide serologic survey. | the occurrence of dirofilaria immitis antigen and antibodies against tick-borne pathogens in french dogs has been analysed based on 1,050 blood samples. serum samples of 919 dogs (group a) were sent for a variety of diagnostic investigations, further 131 dogs (group b) were tested for a tentative diagnosis of heartworm disease. all samples were tested for d. immitis antigen. samples in group a were also tested for specific antibodies against three tick-borne pathogens (anaplasma phagocytophilum, ... | 2009 | 19575231 |
| current surveys on the prevalence and distribution of dirofilaria spp. in dogs in germany. | the central upper-rhine (baden-württemberg, germany) is one of the warmest regions in germany and also harbours abundant numbers of mosquitoes. case reports on presumably autochthonous occurrence of dirofilaria spp. were reported previously and were a reason for a further investigation into the occurrence of vector-borne pathogens. for this purpose, 44 hunting dogs from the central upper-rhine region were tested between 4(th) and 29(th) june 2007. the blood samples were tested using the knott's ... | 2009 | 19575227 |
| adamantiades behçet disease triggered by a tick bite and or borrelia infection. | 2009 | 19573027 | |
| detectability of tick-borne agents dna in the blood of dogs, undergoing treatment for borreliosis. | in the wake of controversies surrounding the usefulness of pcr in the diagnostics of borreliosis, the aim of the presented study was to monitor the presence of b. burgdorferi s.l. in dogs with clinical borreliosis in the course of relevant treatment. the monitoring was based on detecting borrelia's dna before- (study i), during- (study ii), and after completion of the therapy (study iii). in addition, to rule out possible coinfections, the dogs' blood was examined for the presence of anaplasma, ... | 2009 | 19572472 |
| adaptation factors of borrelia for host and vector. | the life transmission cycle of b. burgdorferi requires migration of spirochetes from tick's gut to its salivary glands during vertebrate's blood sucking, penetrating to the vertebrate's tissues and their colonization. a special feature of these bacteria, despite its relatively small genome, is the ability to adapt in different host environments. these unusual properties of borreliae are associated with large number of plasmids, which show a high variability as a result of recombination with each ... | 2009 | 19572471 |
| lyme borreliosis: a european perspective on diagnosis and clinical management. | lyme borreliosis has been widely recognized in europe, but diagnostic and therapy concepts are still a matter for discussion. false-positive microbiologic results can lead to unnecessary antibiotic treatment, which even in genuine cases is sometimes unnecessarily prolonged. this review addresses new research on diagnosis, treatment, and eco-epidemiology. | 2009 | 19571749 |
| analysis of borrelia burgdorferi genotypes in patients with lyme arthritis: high frequency of ribosomal rna intergenic spacer type 1 strains in antibiotic-refractory arthritis. | most of the borrelia burgdorferi genotypes have been isolated from erythema migrans (em) skin lesions in patients with lyme disease. ospc type k strains, which are 16s-23s ribosomal rna intergenic spacer type 2 (rst2) strains, are most commonly recovered, but a higher percentage of ospc type a strains (rst1), the next most commonly recovered type, is detectable in blood. the goal of this study was to determine the b burgdorferi genotypes in the joints of patients with lyme arthritis. | 2009 | 19565522 |
| reply to letter by nardelli and schell commenting on the pathogenesis of lyme arthritis. | 2009 | 19565494 | |
| lyme disease--current state of knowledge. | lyme disease is the most frequent tick-borne infectious disease in europe. the discovery of the causative pathogen borrelia burgdorferi in 1982 opened the way for the firm diagnosis of diseases in several clinical disciplines and for causal antibiotic therapy. at the same time, speculation regarding links between borrelia infection and a variety of nonspecific symptoms and disorders resulted in overdiagnosis and overtreatment of suspected lyme disease. | 2009 | 19562015 |
| identification of the determinant conferring permissive substrate usage in the telomere resolvase, rest. | linear genome stability requires specialized telomere replication and protection mechanisms. a common solution to this problem in non-eukaryotes is the formation of hairpin telomeres by telomere resolvases (also known as protelomerases). these enzymes perform a two-step transesterification on replication intermediates to generate hairpin telomeres using an active site similar to that of tyrosine recombinases and type ib topoisomerases. unlike phage telomere resolvases, the telomere resolvase fro ... | 2009 | 19561077 |
| tick-borne zoonotic bacteria in ticks collected from central spain. | the prevalence of tick-borne and related bacteria infecting adult ticks in central spain was assessed by molecular methods. six areas were sampled monthly during a 2-year longitudinal study. a total of 1,038 questing and 442 feeding ticks, belonging to eight different species, were tested. the most abundant species were hyalomma lusitanicum (54% of captures), followed by dermacentor marginatus (23%) and rhipicephalus sanguineus (10%). four human pathogens, including seven rickettsia species, ana ... | 2009 | 19556569 |
| the bactericidal effect of a complement-independent antibody is osmolytic and specific to borrelia. | a complement-independent bactericidal igg1 against the ospb of borrelia burgdorferi increased the permeability of the outer membrane through the creation of openings of 2.8 - 4.4 nm, resulting in its osmotic lysis. cryo-electron microscopy and tomography demonstrated that exposure to the antibody causes the formation of outer membrane projections and large breaks which may precede the increase in permeability of the outer membrane. the bactericidal effect of this antibody is not transferable to ... | 2009 | 19549817 |
| a borreliacidal factor in amblyomma americanum saliva is associated with phospholipase a(2) activity. | previous work in our laboratory described the in vitro killing of borrelia burgdorferi when co-cultured with saliva from adult amblyomma americanum. borreliacidal activity was not evident using ixodes scapularis saliva. mixing trypsin with saliva eliminated the borreliacidal activity of a. americanum saliva, while incorporating a trypsin inhibitor restored all borreliacidal activity, indicating this factor was of protein or peptide origin. one dimensional page indicated at least 7 major protein ... | 2009 | 19545533 |
| downstream signals for myd88-mediated phagocytosis of borrelia burgdorferi can be initiated by trif and are dependent on pi3k. | we previously have shown that myd88 is important for uptake of borrelia burgdorferi by bone marrow derived macrophages (bmdms). the mechanism by which myd88 is involved in uptake of b. burgdorferi is currently is not well characterized. here, we report that myd88-mediated defect in the phagocytosis of b. burgdorferi can be complemented by tlr3/toll/il-1r domain-containing adaptor-inducing ifn-beta (trif) activation in bmdms from myd88(-/-) mice. this effect of tlr3/trif activation was not due to ... | 2009 | 19542460 |
| a new borrelia species defined by multilocus sequence analysis of housekeeping genes. | analysis of lyme borreliosis (lb) spirochetes, using a novel multilocus sequence analysis scheme, revealed that ospa serotype 4 strains (a rodent-associated ecotype) of borrelia garinii were sufficiently genetically distinct from bird-associated b. garinii strains to deserve species status. we suggest that ospa serotype 4 strains be raised to species status and named borrelia bavariensis sp. nov. the rooted phylogenetic trees provide novel insights into the evolutionary history of lb spirochetes ... | 2009 | 19542332 |
| a grand view of the flagellar motor. | 2009 | 19542284 | |
| [climate changes and emerging diseases. what new infectious diseases and health problem can be expected?]. | increasing temperatures, but also other climatic factors, will have an impact on human health. apart from the direct consequences of extreme weather conditions (e.g., heat-related fatalities), indirect health consequences in the long-term are also of great importance. in addition to a likely increase in allergic diseases and additional complications in the course of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, infectious diseases are of particular interest. in germany, endemic pathogens, such as han ... | 2009 | 19536444 |
| urban and rural risks of lyme disease in the scottish highlands. | this paper investigates the pattern of lyme disease testing and infection within the highland region of scotland. | 2009 | 19530498 |
| [borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ixodid ticks from ostrava slag heaps]. | in 2005 and 2006, ixodes ricinus ticks were collected on two slag (waste rock) heaps from coal mines in the ostrava area (north moravia/silesia, czech republic), oskar (site a) and emma (site b), partially covered by vegetation including trees, and at a control forest site near hlucín (site c). the mean numbers of l. ricinus nymphs and imagoes flagged per person-hour were high: 35.3 nymphs and 12.7 imagoes, at site a, 23.3 and 26.0, respectively, at site b, and 25.4 and 16.8, respectively, at co ... | 2009 | 19526923 |
| [stari--a new tick borne spirochetosis]. | southern tick associated rash illness (stari), also known as masters disease is caused by borrelia lonestari spirochetes and it is transmitted by amblyomma americanum tick. early symptoms of stari are similar to early lyme borreliosis (skin rash resembling erythema migrans). in diagnostic of stari traditional methods are not effective. the decision of antibiotic treatment (similar to lyme borreliosis) still remain based on clinical picture. | 2009 | 19522220 |
| implications of gender in chronic lyme disease. | "post-lyme disease syndrome" refers to prolonged subjective symptoms after antibiotic treatment and resolution of an objective manifestation of borrelia burgdorferi infection (lyme disease). "chronic lyme disease" is a vaguely defined term that has been applied to patients with unexplained prolonged subjective symptoms, whether or not there was or is evidence of b. burgdorferi infection. | 2009 | 19514824 |
| complex population structure of lyme borreliosis group spirochete borrelia garinii in subarctic eurasia. | borrelia garinii, a causative agent of lyme borreliosis in europe and asia, is naturally maintained in marine and terrestrial enzootic cycles, which primarily involve birds, including seabirds and migratory passerines. these bird groups associate with, correspondingly, ixodes uriae and ixodes ricinus ticks, of which the latter species may bite and transmit the infection to humans. studies of the overlap between these two natural cycles of b. garinii have been limited, in part due to the absence ... | 2009 | 19513109 |
| borrelial fasciitis: as yet insufficient proof for a distinct entity. | the clinical picture of diffuse fasciitis is described in three male patients, living in a highly borreliosis endemic region. we discuss the likelihood of a causal relationship with a borrelia infection. | 2009 | 19506881 |
| fast, adaptive evolution at a bacterial host-resistance locus: the pfam54 gene array in borrelia burgdorferi. | microbial pathogens have evolved sophisticated mechanisms for evasion of host innate and adaptive immunities. pfam54 is the largest paralogous gene family in the genomes of borrelia burgdorferi, the lyme disease bacterium. one member of pfam54, the complement-regulator acquiring surface proteins 1 (bbcrasp-1), is able to abort the alternative pathway of complement activation via binding human complement-regulator factor h (fh). the gene coding for bbcrasp-1 exists in a tandem array of pfam54 gen ... | 2009 | 19505540 |
| detection of different borrelia burgdorferi genospecies in serum of people with different occupational risks: short report. | this study is aimed at applying a previously described pcr-based method to detect b. burgdorferi sensu lato and different borrelia genospecies in total dna preparations of serum samples collected from people with different occupational risks for tick bite and with serological evidence of borreliosis. among the seropositive samples, the pcr for b. burgdorferi confirmed the positivity in 65 percent of the forestry workers and in 60 percent of the subjects living in the same area. none of the seron ... | 2009 | 19505407 |
| characterization of borrelia burgdorferi aggregates. | lyme disease is caused by the tick-borne spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi. it has been documented that b. burgdorferi form aggregates within ticks and during in vitro culture. however, borrelia aggregates remain poorly characterized, and their functional significance is unknown. here we have characterized borrelia aggregates using microscopy and flow cytometry. borrelia aggregation was temperature, ph, and growth phase dependent. environmental conditions (high temperature, low ph, and high cell ... | 2009 | 19499997 |
| assortative pairing in ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae), the european vector of lyme borreliosis. | in sexual organisms, the way in which gametes associate can greatly influence the maintenance of genetic variation, the structure of this variation in space, and ultimately organismal evolution. based on patterns of genetic structure previously found, we explicitly tested whether adults of the sheep tick ixodes ricinus pair according to their genetic relatedness. we sampled tick pairs from the vegetation in four natural populations and genotyped individual ticks at seven microsatellite loci. bas ... | 2009 | 19496415 |
| integration of a tick-borne encephalitis virus and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato into mountain ecosystems, following a shift in the altitudinal limit of distribution of their vector, ixodes ricinus (krkonose mountains, czech republic). | the altitudinal shift in the limit of ixodes ricinus occurrence above the previously established altitude of 750 m above sea level has been monitored over the long-term (2002-2008) in the krkonose mts. (giant mts.), the highest in the czech republic, along two vertical transects in their eastern and central parts (600-1020 and 600-1270 m). ticks were collected by flagging three times annually, and examined individually by pcr or rt-pcr for the presence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato or tick- ... | 2010 | 19492952 |
| detection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in lizards and their ticks from hungary. | to investigate the involvement of lizard species in the natural cycle of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) in hungary, a total of 186 reptiles belonging to three species--126 green lizards (lacerta viridis), 40 balkan wall lizards (podarcis taurica), and 20 sand lizards (lacerta agilis)--were captured in 2007 and 2008. all ticks removed from the lizards were ixodes ricinus, either larvae (324/472; 68.6%) or nymphs (148/472; 31.4%). more than half (66/126; 52.4%) of l. viridis individuals we ... | 2009 | 19492950 |
| demonstration of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto infection in ticks from the northeast of mexico. | borrelia burgdorferisensu lato infection has been confirmed in clinical cases in the northeast of mexico; however, the bacterium has not been identified as infecting the tick vector ixodes, amblyomma and dermacentor ticks were collected from mammals and plants in northeastern mexico and examined for borrelia. eighteen of 214 ticks were pcr-positive for the fla and 16s rrna genes and 15 for the ospa gene. southern blotting with a fla probe and sequencing of ospa genes confirmed infection with b. ... | 2009 | 19489926 |
| human brain microvascular endothelial cell traversal by borrelia burgdorferi requires calcium signaling. | neurological manifestations of lyme disease (or neuroborreliosis) occur variably and while it is clear that borrelia burgdorferi can invade the nervous system, how it does so is not well understood. pathogen penetration through the blood brain barrier (bbb) is often influenced by calcium signaling in the endothelial cells triggered by extracellular host-pathogen interactions. we examined the traversal of b. burgdorferi across the human bbb using in vitro model systems constructed of human brain ... | 2009 | 19489925 |
| relapsing fever borreliosis in eurasia--forgotten, but certainly not gone! | tick-borne relapsing fever (tbrf) has been reported in eurasia and attributed mainly to borrelia persica, although other entities have also been described. ornithodoros tholozani is the most important tick vector, found in india and kashmir, the southern countries of the former ussr, iran, iraq, syria, jordan, turkey, israel, egypt, and cyprus. it inhabits caves, ruins, and burrows of rodents and small mammals. in the northern countries, o. tholozani also lives in houses and cowsheds. in israel, ... | 2009 | 19489923 |
| new concepts for the old challenge of african relapsing fever borreliosis. | relapsing fever, caused by spirochaetes belonging to the genus borrelia, was once the cause of worldwide epidemic disease. this was largely through infection with the louse-borne form of the disease, caused by borrelia recurrentis (louse-borne relapsing fever (lbrf)). during the last century, we have witnessed the demise of this infection, largely owing to improved standards of living and the introduction of the insecticide ddt, resulting in a reduction in the incidence of the body louse, the ve ... | 2009 | 19489922 |
| borrel's accidental legacy. | 2009 | 19489921 | |
| myths, legends and realities of relapsing fever borreliosis. | relapsing fever borreliosis is often shrouded in mystery. from its discovery, it has evaded fulfilment of koch's postulates. it has resulted in epidemic waves of infection, although it is now mostly localized to particular endemic pockets of infection. structurally, this spirochaete breaks many paradigms for conventional microorganisms, e.g. through its segmented genomic structure. disclosure of host-microbial interactions is revealing a plethora of mechanisms, from antigenic variation to bindin ... | 2009 | 19489920 |
| [evidence of borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes in patients with early disseminated lyme borreliosis]. | fifteen patients with clinically documented early disseminated lyme borreliosis were screened for the presence of spirochetes. in vitro trials of isolation of the pathogen were positive in 8 blood and 1 cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples. the positivity was further confirmed by electron microscopy, western blot analysis and pcr. however, succesfull dna extraction after using borrelia specific primers proved the positivity in 9 blood and 1 csf samples (67 %). restriction fragment length polymorphi ... | 2009 | 19488960 |
| [epidemiological characteristics of lyme-like disease in children]. | to determine the prevalence, age distribution, seasonality and clinical characteristics of lyme-simile disease in brazilians less than 15 years of age. methods. from july, 1998 to november, 2000, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 333 patients with skin rash and fever. paired blood samples were collected for identification of the pathogens. only 193 samples which were negative for other pathogens (parvovirus b19 human, herpesvirus 6 human, measles, rubella, dengue, scarlet fever and entero ... | 2009 | 19488647 |
| lipidomic analysis of dynamic eicosanoid responses during the induction and resolution of lyme arthritis. | eicosanoids and other bioactive lipid mediators are indispensable regulators of biological processes, as demonstrated by the numerous inflammatory diseases resulting from their dysregulation, including cancer, hyperalgesia, atherosclerosis, and arthritis. despite their importance, a robust strategy comparable with gene or protein array technology for comprehensively analyzing the eicosanoid metabolome has not been forthcoming. we have developed liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry meth ... | 2009 | 19487688 |
| the caspase 1 inflammasome is not required for control of murine lyme borreliosis. | the contribution of the inflammasome to the development of immune responses and disease during infection with the lyme disease spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi, is not well defined. host defense against the spirochete is severely impaired in mice deficient in the adaptor molecule myeloid differentiation antigen 88 (myd88), which is required not only for toll-like receptor-mediated responses but also for the production of the proforms of interleukin 1beta (il-1beta) and il-18. these cytokines are ... | 2009 | 19487481 |
| interval-specific congenic lines reveal quantitative trait loci with penetrant lyme arthritis phenotypes on chromosomes 5, 11, and 12. | the observation that borrelia burgdorferi-induced arthritis is severe in c3h mice and milder in c57bl/6 (b6) mice has allowed a forward genetics approach for the identification of genetic elements that regulate the arthritis response. quantitative trait loci (qtl) on five chromosomes (chr) were identified previously in segregating crosses between c3h and b6 mice and collectively designated b. burgdorferi arthritis-associated (bbaa) qtl. reciprocal interval-specific congenic lines (iscl) that enc ... | 2009 | 19487472 |
| the elastic basis for the shape of borrelia burgdorferi. | the mechanisms that determine bacterial shape are in many ways poorly understood. a prime example is the lyme disease spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi (b. burgdorferi), which mechanically couples its motility organelles, helical flagella, to its rod-shaped cell body, producing a striking flat-wave morphology. a mathematical model is developed here that accounts for the elastic coupling of the flagella to the cell cylinder and shows that the flat-wave morphology is in fact a natural consequence o ... | 2009 | 19486665 |
| lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (jessner-kanof) but not reticular erythematous mucinosis occasionally represents clinical manifestations of borrelia-associated pseudolymphoma. | lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (lis) and reticular erythematous mucinosis (rem) are characterized histologically by an inflammatory cutaneous lymphocytic infiltrate similar to the histological appearance of pseudolymphoma. | 2009 | 19486001 |
| prospective health assessment of fort campbell, kentucky patrons bitten by ticks. | amblyomma americanum is an aggressive human-biting tick that transmits several known human pathogens and is associated with a lyme disease-like illness of unknown etiology. to determine the frequency, distinguishing clinical characteristics, and etiology ofa. americanum-associated illness and identify associated risk factors, a prospective study of adult tick-bite victims was conducted at fort campbell from 2005-2007. forty-two participants submitted ticks, none of which contained borrelia lones ... | 2009 | 19485114 |
| chitobiose utilization in borrelia burgdorferi is dually regulated by rpod and rpos. | borrelia burgdorferi has limited biosynthetic capabilities and must scavenge n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac), an essential component of the microbial cell wall, from the surrounding environment. spirochetes cultured in the absence of free glcnac exhibit biphasic growth; however, addition of chitobiose (a dimer of glcnac) substitutes for free glcnac resulting in a single exponential phase. we evaluated the effect of rpos and rpon, the only alternative sigma factors in b. burgdorferi, on biphasic gro ... | 2009 | 19473539 |
| high prevalence of 'borrelia-like' organisms in skin biopsies of sarcoidosis patients from western austria. | sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown aetiology with frequent skin involvement. | 2009 | 19469874 |
| activation of human monocytes by live borrelia burgdorferi generates tlr2-dependent and -independent responses which include induction of ifn-beta. | it is widely believed that innate immune responses to borrelia burgdorferi (bb) are primarily triggered by the spirochete's outer membrane lipoproteins signaling through cell surface tlr1/2. we recently challenged this notion by demonstrating that phagocytosis of live bb by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) elicited greater production of proinflammatory cytokines than did equivalent bacterial lysates. using whole genome microarrays, we show herein that, compared to lysates, live spiroch ... | 2009 | 19461888 |
| the urokinase receptor (upar) facilitates clearance of borrelia burgdorferi. | the causative agent of lyme borreliosis, the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi, has been shown to induce expression of the urokinase receptor (upar); however, the role of upar in the immune response against borrelia has never been investigated. upar not only acts as a proteinase receptor, but can also, dependently or independently of ligation to upa, directly affect leukocyte function. we here demonstrate that upar is upregulated on murine and human leukocytes upon exposure to b. burgdorferi both ... | 2009 | 19461880 |
| borrelia burgdorferi bb0426 encodes a 2'-deoxyribosyltransferase that plays a central role in purine salvage. | borrelia burgdorferi is an obligate parasite with a limited genome that severely narrows its metabolic and biosynthetic capabilities. thus survival of this spirochaete in an arthropod vector and mammalian host requires that it can scavenge amino acids, fatty acids and nucleosides from a blood meal or various host tissues. additionally, the utilization of ribonucleotides for dna synthesis is further complicated by the lack of a ribonucleotide reductase for the conversion of nucleoside-5'-diphosph ... | 2009 | 19460093 |