| [in vitro activity of russian ribavirin on the models of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus, rift valley fever virus, and tahyna and dhori viruses]. | the high activity of ribavirin made by effective biotechnology in russia was established in in vitro experiments using the models crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus, rift valley fever virus, and tahyna and dhori viruses, which suggests that it is promising in using the drug in the treatment of infection with these viruses. | 2008 | 18318134 |
| synthesis of 1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-3-ethynyl-[1,2,4]triazole and its in vitro and in vivo efficacy against hantavirus. | there are no fda approved drugs for the treatment of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), a serious human illnesses caused by hantaviruses. clinical studies using ribavirin (rbv) to treat hfrs patients suggest that it provides an improved prognosis when given early in the course of disease. given the unique antiviral activity of rbv and the lack of other lead scaffolds, we prepared a diverse series of 3-substituted 1,2,4-triazole-beta-ribosides and identified one with antiviral activity ... | 2008 | 18394724 |
| knowledge and attitude toward crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever in occupationally at-risk iranian healthcare workers. | we assessed the knowledge and attitude (k&a) toward crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) of occupationally at-risk healthcare workers (hcws). a cross-sectional survey was performed in three referral hospitals in the systan-baluchestan and isfahan provinces of iran where cchf is highly endemic. in all, 191/209 eligible hcws were enrolled (response rate: 93%). all but 11 (5.8%) had heard of cchf. the mean k&a scores of the respondents were 50.34% and 79.25%, respectively. the correlation betwee ... | 2008 | 18395295 |
| peripheral blood natural killer cells in crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever. | the relationship of changes in the peripheral blood lymphocyte subgroups during crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) to prognosis has not been reported. | 2008 | 18434247 |
| processing of genome 5' termini as a strategy of negative-strand rna viruses to avoid rig-i-dependent interferon induction. | innate immunity is critically dependent on the rapid production of interferon in response to intruding viruses. the intracellular pathogen recognition receptors rig-i and mda5 are essential for interferon induction by viral rnas containing 5' triphosphates or double-stranded structures, respectively. viruses with a negative-stranded rna genome are an important group of pathogens causing emerging and re-emerging diseases. we investigated the ability of genomic rnas from substantial representative ... | 2008 | 18446221 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus delays activation of the innate immune response. | as a first line of defence against virus infection, mammalian cells elicit an innate immune response, characterized by secretion of type i interferons and the up-regulation of interferon stimulated genes. many viruses down-regulate the innate immune responses in order to enhance their virulence. crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv), a nairovirus of the family bunyaviridae is the causative agent of severe hemorrhagic fever in humans with high mortality. knowledge regarding the innate imm ... | 2008 | 18551619 |
| suspected crimean congo haemorrhagic fever cases in albania. | during 2003 to 2006 samples from 34 albanian patients with suspected crimean congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) were tested by serology and pcr for cchf virus; negative samples were further tested for hantaviruses, leptospira spp. and rickettsia spp. cchf virus was detected in 38.2% of cases, hantaviruses in 11.7%, and leptospirosis and rickettsiosis were diagnosed in 29.4% and 2.9% of cases, respectively. there is a seasonal and clinical overlapping among the 4 diseases in albania, suggesting that ... | 2008 | 18609200 |
| surveillance and laboratory detection system of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever in iran. | crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a viral zoonotic disease with a high mortality rate in humans. the cchf virus (cchfv) is transmitted to humans through the bite of ixodid ticks or by contact with blood or tissues of infected livestock. in addition to zoonotic transmission, cchfv can be spread from person to person and is one of the rare haemorrhagic fever viruses able to cause nosocomial outbreaks in hospitals. crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever is a public health problem in many regions ... | 2008 | 18666963 |
| an early warning system for crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever seasonality in turkey based on remote sensing technology. | in the last few years, crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) has been reported as an emerging tickborne disease in turkey. this paper deals with the preparation of an early warning system, aimed to predict the beginning of the cchf season in turkey based on a clear, simple and repeatable remotely-sensed signal. decadal (mean of 10 days) values of the normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi) at 1 km resolution were used on a set of 952 confirmed, accurately geo-referenced, clinical cases b ... | 2007 | 18686262 |
| a preliminary study to evaluate the effect of intravenous ribavirin treatment on survival rates in crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever. | | 2008 | 18722669 |
| a preliminary report on crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever in turkey, march - june 2008. | | 2008 | 18761892 |
| a case of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever in greece, june 2008. | | 2008 | 18761893 |
| interferon and cytokine responses to crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus; an emerging and neglected viral zonoosis. | crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) causes an acute disease with the potential of a fatal outcome. the virus is prevalent in about 30 countries. clinical symptoms of infection commonly include fever, myalgia, and hemorrhages. levels of liver enzymes are raised, and bleeding markers are often increased. a role of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis has been suggested, and cchfv employs a range of passive and active mechanisms to avoid induction of the antiviral type i interferons ... | 2008 | 19027345 |
| the risk of transmission of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus from human cases to first-degree relatives. | to determine the infectivity of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) virus via routine contacts between serologically confirmed cases and their close relatives from may 2005 up to march 2006, 79 serum samples of 57 close relatives of 12 newly diagnosed serologically confirmed cchf cases in the sistan-va-baluchestan province of iran were tested for igg and igm antibodies against cchf virus using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. nine levels of contacts were considered: percutaneo ... | 2008 | 19050365 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus entry and replication is clathrin-, ph- and cholesterol-dependent. | to date, the entry pathway and replication mechanisms for members of the family bunyaviridae, and especially for crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv), are poorly understood. considering the severity of disease and the widespread geographical occurrence of cchfv, investigating viral entry is of great value for development of antivirals. in this study, we have shown that knockdown of clathrin by small interfering rna significantly reduced cchfv nucleocapsid protein and viral rna levels, s ... | 2009 | 19088291 |
| analysis of lymphocyte subgroups in crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever. | this study examined the association between lymphocyte subgroups and mortality in patients with crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) in turkey. | 2009 | 19112036 |
| microtubule-dependent and microtubule-independent steps in crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus replication cycle. | following binding and entry many viruses exploit the host cell cytoskeleton to ensure intracellular transport, assembly or egress. for crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv), the causative agent of a severe hemorrhagic disease, virus-host interactions are poorly investigated. in this study we demonstrated that drug-induced suppression of microtubule dynamics and especially microtubule disassembly, impaired cchfv biogenesis. our results showed that intact microtubules were required early d ... | 2009 | 19150104 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in greece: a public health perspective. | in june 2008 the first non-imported fatal case of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) was recorded in northern greece. we present herein the public health interventions and the case definitions we developed for the epidemiological investigation. the possibility of cchf establishing endemicity in this area is discussed. | 2009 | 19155182 |
| genetic relationship in southern african crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus isolates: evidence for occurrence of reassortment. | crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne viral zoonosis widely distributed in africa, asia and eastern europe. reassortment of cchf genome segments has been shown to occur in nature. we therefore investigated the genetic relationship of southern african isolates using partial sequence data for each rna segment, s, m and l, and comparing the tree topologies constructed using a neighbour joining method. a total of 21 southern african isolates were studied. the incongruencies which w ... | 2009 | 19161643 |
| evaluation of the efficacy of ribavirin therapy on survival of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever patients: a case-control study. | the mortality rate resulting from crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) has been reported in different epidemics to range from 5% to more than 70%. while ribavirin has been recommended as the drug of choice in the treatment of cchf, no consistent study has unequivocally demonstrated its effectiveness. using the case-control method, we attempted to evaluate the efficacy of ribavirin in reducing mortality among cchf cases admitted to boo-ali educational hospital in zahedan, iran, during the years ... | 2009 | 19168952 |
| a case of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever with pleural effusion. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne viral zoonosis with the potential of human-to-human transmission that affects wide areas in asia, southeastern europe, and africa. hemorrhagic manifestations constitute a prominent symptom of late stage disease with case fatality rates from 3 to 50%. we present a case of cchf complicated by hemorrhagic pleural effusion and resulting in resolution without chest tube drainage in a 9-year-old boy. the diagnosis of cchf was confirmed by enzyme-l ... | 2009 | 19168966 |
| ocular findings in patients with crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever. | to describe ocular findings of patients with crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf). | 2009 | 19195635 |
| low-density macroarray for rapid detection and identification of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne viral zoonosis which occurs throughout africa, eastern europe, and asia and results in an approximately 30% fatality rate. a reverse transcription-pcr assay including a competitive internal control was developed on the basis of the most up-to-date genome information. biotinylated amplification products were hybridized to dna macroarrays on the surfaces of polymer supports, and hybridization events were visualized by incubation with a strepta ... | 2009 | 19225100 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in high-risk population, turkey. | in the tokat and sivas provinces of turkey, the overall crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) seroprevalence was 12.8% among 782 members of a high-risk population. cchfv seroprevalence was associated with history of tick bite or tick removal from animals, employment in animal husbandry or farming, and being >40 years of age. | 2009 | 19239765 |
| efficacy of oral ribavirin treatment in crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever: a quasi-experimental study from turkey. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of oral ribavirin treatment in patients with crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf). | 2009 | 19246100 |
| international network for capacity building for the control of emerging viral vector-borne zoonotic diseases: arbo-zoonet. | arboviruses are arthropod-borne viruses, which include west nile fever virus (wnfv), a mosquito-borne virus, rift valley fever virus (rvfv), a mosquito-borne virus, and crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv), a tick-borne virus. these arthropod-borne viruses can cause disease in different domestic and wild animals and in humans, posing a threat to public health because of their epidemic and zoonotic potential. in recent decades, the geographical distribution of these diseases has expande ... | 2009 | 19341603 |
| ecology of the crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever endemic area in albania. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is endemic in albania. ticks collected from cattle grazing in the endemic areas of albania were tested for presence of cchfv rna, while serum samples collected from goats, cattle, hares, and birds were tested for the presence of specific igg antibodies to cchfv. one of the 31 pools prepared, consisting of four female hyalomma spp. ticks, was found to carry cchfv rna with 99.2-100% homology to sequences detected in patients from the same region. antib ... | 2009 | 19402760 |
| an outbreak of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in western anatolia, turkey. | sporadic crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) cases were first reported in turkey in 2002, arising particularly in northeastern anatolia. epidemics have been reported in neighboring countries since the 1970s. with the increase in number of cchf virus infected or suspected cases in the aydin region of western anatolia by 2006, we decided to focus attention on this disease. | 2009 | 19409826 |
| non-infectious plasmid engineered to simulate multiple viral threat agents. | the aim of this study was to design and construct a non-virulent simulant to replace several pathogenic viruses in the development of detection and identification methods in biodefense. a non-infectious simulant was designed and engineered to include the nucleic acid signature of veev (venezuelan equine encephalitis virus), influenza virus, rift valley fever virus, machupo virus, lassa virus, yellow fever virus, ebola virus, eastern equine encephalitis virus, junin virus, marburg virus, dengue v ... | 2009 | 19442841 |
| [crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in senegal]. | | 2009 | 19499725 |
| the first clinical case due to ap92 like strain of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus and a field survey. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a fatal infection, but no clinical case due to ap92 strain was reported. we described the first clinical case due to ap92 like cchfv. | 2009 | 19515251 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever, southwestern bulgaria. | | 2009 | 19523314 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in southeastern europe. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is an acute, tick-borne viral disease, affecting only humans and newborn mice, with hemorrhagic manifestations and considerable mortality in humans. cchf virus circulates in nature in an enzootic tick-vertebrate-tick cycle; migrating birds and livestock transferred from endemic to non-endemic areas may carry large numbers of infected ticks thus spreading the cchf virus into novel areas. from 2000 through 2008, the infection emerged or re-emerged in bulgaria ... | 2009 | 19540787 |
| epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever viruses in xinjiang, china. | in 2004 and 2005, an epidemiological survey of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) was conducted in xinjiang, china. a total of 5,629 serum samples of human and livestock were collected and tested for the cchfv antibody, and 17,319 ticks were collected for viral identification. reverse passive hemagglutination inhibition assays showed that the average prevalence of cchfv antibody was 1.7% for the humans and 12.7% for the livestock. a relatively high antibody prevalence, ranging from 19 ... | 2009 | 19553586 |
| evolution of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus. | the evolutionary patterns of each genome rna segment of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) were investigated. nucleotide sequences from 40 cchfv strains isolated during time period spanning from 1956 to 2003 were tested. it was found that there is not any global molecular clock ticking at the same rate for cchfv strains; however a local clock is applicable in s rna segment among strains in the individual clades. african strains seem to evolve faster than strains from other geographic ... | 2009 | 19560561 |
| crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus infects human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. | for some patients infection with crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) causes a severe disease characterized by fever, vascular leakage and coagulopathy. knowledge of cchf pathogenesis is limited and today there is no information about the specific target cells of cchfv. in this study we analyzed the permissiveness of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) including monocyte-derived dendritic cells (modcs) to cchfv infection. interestingly, we found that modcs are the most perm ... | 2009 | 19570561 |
| assessing the impact of climate change on vector-borne viruses in the eu through the elicitation of expert opinion. | expert opinion was elicited to undertake a qualitative risk assessment to estimate the current and future risks to the european union (eu) from five vector-borne viruses listed by the world organization for animal health. it was predicted that climate change will increase the risk of incursions of african horse sickness virus (ahsv), crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) and rift valley fever virus (rvfv) into the eu from other parts of the world, with african swine fever virus (asfv) a ... | 2010 | 19580695 |
| detection of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus genome in saliva and urine. | the crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) virus is transmitted by tick bites and by contact with the blood or tissues of infected patients and livestock. this study was designed to investigate the genome of cchf virus in saliva and urine samples of patients with cchf. | 2010 | 19656706 |
| the interferon response circuit in antiviral host defense. | viruses have learned to multiply in the face of a powerful innate and adaptive immune response of the host. they have evolved multiple strategies to evade the interferon (ifn) system which would otherwise limit virus growth at an early stage of infection. ifns induce the synthesis of a range of antiviral proteins which serve as cell-autonomous intrinsic restriction factors. for example, the dynamin-like mxa gtpase inhibits the multiplication of influenza and bunyaviruses (such as la crosse virus ... | 2009 | 19739399 |
| [two cases of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) in two tourists in senegal in 2004]. | two cases of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) occurred in two french tourists during their visit in senegal in november 2004. febrile and hemorrhagic syndrome with ulorrhagia, petechiae, haematemesis, haematomas associated with biological signs of disseminated intramuscular coagulation were observed. for the first case who had a medical evacuation to france before diagnosis, crimean-congo virus infection was revealed by laboratory tests performed by the national reference center for hemor ... | 2009 | 19739410 |
| the frequency of self-reported allergic diseases in patients with crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever. | crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) is an acute, tick-borne viral disease. in temperate areas, cchf cases occur between spring and early autumn when tick activity is high. this period is also the pollen season during which symptoms of allergic diseases are exacerbated. viruses induce inflammatory and antiviral responses by binding to specific receptors on the surface of airway epithelial cells, resulting in activation of innate immune responses; release of mediators such as cytokines and che ... | 2009 | 19775796 |
| pregnancy and crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a potentially fatal viral infection with reported case fatality rates of 5-30%. humans become infected through tick bites, by contact with a patient with cchf during the acute phase of infection, or by contact with blood or tissues from viraemic livestock. in this first report in the literature, we present the characteristics of three pregnant women with cchf infection and the outcome of their babies. transmission of the cchf infection could be either in ... | 2010 | 19778302 |
| towards an understanding of the migration of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus. | crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a lethal disease caused by crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv). it is one of the most widespread medically significant tick-borne pathogens, with a distribution that coincides well with the geographical occurrence of its tick vector, hyalomma marginatum marginatum. sporadic outbreaks of cchf have previously been recognized in asia, africa, the middle east and europe but, in the 21st century, outbreaks have become more frequent in former yugosl ... | 2010 | 19812264 |
| differential activation profiles of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus- and dugbe virus-infected antigen-presenting cells. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is a highly pathogenic, tick-borne member of the family bunyaviridae and the genus nairovirus. to better elucidate the pathogenesis of cchfv, we analysed the host innate immune response induced in antigen-presenting cells (apcs) infected in vitro by cchfv. monocyte-derived dendritic cells (dcs) and macrophages (mps) were both shown to be permissive for cchfv and to replicate the virus, as monitored by genomic and antigenomic strand quantification. vi ... | 2010 | 19812268 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus as a nosocomial pathogen in iran. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a viral disease with several different modes of transmission. we describe the manifestations, outcome, and likely modes of transmission for three nosocomial cases. all three cases were healthcare workers (two men and one woman). they had fever, myalgia, and petechia. disseminated intravascular coagulation resulted in the death occurred in the woman. because this disease is manifested with non-specific influenza-like symptoms, diagnosis can be difficult. ... | 2009 | 19815885 |
| [crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever: an enemy at the gates]. | crimea-congo haemorrhagic fever is a tick-borne viral zoonosis with the potential of human-to-human transmission. the disease occurs in extensive areas in asia, south-eastern europe and africa. haemorrhagic manifestations constitute a prominent symptom of the late disease stage, with case fatality rates from 9 to 50%. the recent increase in the number of cases in eastern europe and the potential for nosocomial outbreaks indicate the advisability of diagnosis in every patient hospitalized in ital ... | 2009 | 19838084 |
| emergence of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever in greece. | in the summer of 2008, the first case of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) was observed in greece. the laboratory diagnosis was established using nested rt-pcr and quantitative real-time rt-pcr. a high viral load and increased levels of cytokines were detected on the third day of illness and the patient died 7 days after the onset of symptoms. nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the greek cchf virus strain had high sequence identity with other balkan cchf virus strains. | 2010 | 19845692 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus-encoded ovarian tumor protease activity is dispensable for virus rna polymerase function. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is a tick-borne virus (genus nairovirus, family bunyaviridae) associated with high case fatality disease outbreaks in regions of africa, europe, and asia. the cchfv genome consists of three negative-strand rna segments, s, m, and l. the unusually large virus l polymerase protein and the need for biosafety level 4 (bsl-4) containment conditions for work with infectious virus have hampered the study of cchfv replication. the l protein has an ovarian tu ... | 2010 | 19864393 |
| the trend towards habitat fragmentation is the key factor driving the spread of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever. | we aimed to characterize an environmental niche driving the distribution of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) in turkey, using a geo-referenced collection of cases reported between 2003 and 2008 and a set of climate and vegetation features. we used mean monthly air temperatures and normalized derived vegetation index (ndvi) values, at a resolution of 0.1 degrees , as well as climate features at and below the surface. we computed significant differences in monthly variables between positive ... | 2010 | 19878611 |
| knowledge, beliefs, and practices regarding tick bites in the turkish population in a rural area of the middle anatolian region. | the aim of this study is to determine the knowledge, beliefs, and practices of a population living in a rural area in regards to tick bites and crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf). the study was conducted in a rural area located in central anatolia in the region of eskişehir. a total of 1,500 individuals aged 20 years and older chosen by a stratified random sample were enrolled. a questionnaire was administered in person. in 264 (17.4%) participants, there was a history of being bitten by a t ... | 2010 | 19882230 |
| a serosurvey of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus in dairy cattle in iran. | a seroepidemiological survey to determine the prevalence of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) virus among dairy cattle in iran was carried out during 2006 and 2008. blood samples were collected from 876 animals in five different provinces of the country. sera were tested by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for quantitative determination of antibodies to cchf virus. serological evidence of infection was noted in 52 (5.9%) of 876 dairy cattle. antibody prevalence increase ... | 2011 | 19912604 |
| contact tracing and serosurvey among healthcare workers exposed to crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever in greece. | we investigated the probability of nosocomial transmission of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) virus among healthcare workers (hcws) who cared for the first cchf case in greece. specific igm and/or igg antibodies against cchf virus were not detected in the 21 hcws studied. although person-to-person transmission did not take place, education of hcws about the modes of cchf virus transmission and appropriate infection control measures is needed in order to avoid future nosocomial cases. | 2009 | 19922073 |
| the complete genome analysis of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus isolated in turkey. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is the causative agent of a tick-borne disease with high mortality rates in humans. the distribution of cchfv includes over 30 countries in asia, the middle east, southeastern europe, and africa. it was first recognized in turkey in 2002, with an increasing number of cases reported between 2002 and 2009. recent analysis of complete genome sequences of cchfv isolates has revealed that the genomic plasticity of the virus is surprisingly high for an art ... | 2010 | 19941917 |
| a survey of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever in livestock and ticks in ardabil province, iran during 2004-2005. | crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a viral haemorrhagic fever caused by the cchf virus. it is mainly transmitted to humans and animals by ticks. in recent y, large numbers of livestock have been transported across the border areas of ardabil province resulting in an outbreak of cchf in the adjacent districts. a comprehensive study was carried out to assess the epidemiological aspects of the disease in this province. in the study area, 130 ticks were collected from randomly selected villa ... | 2010 | 19958240 |
| the efficacy of ribavirin in the treatment of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in eastern black sea region in turkey. | the efficiency of ribavirin for treatment of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is unknown. in the literature, prospective randomized studies investigating the efficacy of ribavirin are not found. | 2010 | 19962342 |
| a newly identified crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus strain in turkey. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a fatal viral disease that occurs in approximately 30 countries. it has the most extensive geographic range among the tick-borne viruses that affect human health. recently, a 6-year-old boy presented with complaints of fever, fatigue, and loss of appetite. he revealed a history of tick bite in rural istanbul three days prior to presentation. a hyperemia was detected at the site of the tick bite. laboratory tests showed that alanine aminotransferase, aspa ... | 2010 | 20005760 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in iran and neighboring countries. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a zoonotic viral disease that is asymptomatic in infected livestock, but a serious threat to humans. human infections begin with nonspecific febrile symptoms, but progress to a serious hemorrhagic syndrome with a case fatality rate of 2-50%. although the causative virus is often transmitted by ticks, livestock-to-human and human-to-human transmissions also occur. the disease is one of the most widely distributed viral hemorrhagic fevers occurring in afri ... | 2010 | 20006541 |
| a clear and present danger: tick-borne diseases in europe. | ticks can transmit a variety of viruses, bacteria or parasites that can cause serious infections or conditions in humans and animals. while tick-borne diseases are becoming an increasing and serious problem in europe, tick-borne diseases are also responsible for major depressions in livestock production and mortality in sub-saharan africa, latin america and asia. this review will focus on the most important circulating tick-transmitted pathogens in europe (borrelia spp., anaplasma phagocytophilu ... | 2010 | 20014900 |
| the feasibility of developing a risk assessment for the impact of climate change on the emergence of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever in livestock in europe: a review. | crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is one of the most widespread of all medically important arboviruses with ticks of the hyalomma spp. serving as the main vectors. infection of livestock by cchfv serves as a route of exposure to humans, as a reservoir of disease and as a route of importation. this study discusses the pathways and data requirements for a qualitative risk assessment for the emergence of cchfv in livestock in europe. a risk map approach is proposed based on layers that ... | 2010 | 20015209 |
| [novel diagnostic kit on the basis of stained polymeric carriers for epidemiologic surveillance in natural foci of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever]. | to study diagnostic value of developed antigenic polymeric diagnostic kit for epidemiologic surveillance in natural foci of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) in south federal district. | 2009 | 20066777 |
| ancient common ancestry of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne rna virus responsible for outbreaks of severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. although cchf was first detected in the 1940s, high levels of genomic diversity argue against a recent origin. here, bayesian coalescent analyses were used to estimate the rate of evolution and relative age of the virus. a total of 43 s, 34 m, and 23 l segment sequences from samples collected between 1956 and 2005 were analyzed from across the broad geographic range o ... | 2010 | 20074652 |
| high-dose methylprednisolone in children with crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever. | treatment options for crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) are limited and based on general supportive managements. thrombocytopenia is the major risk factor of cchf. we report our experience with high-dose methylprednisolone (hdmp). this study included five patients with cchf. patients were given hdmp if there were findings compatible with virus-associated haemophagocytic syndrome and the effects of hdmp were evaluated. following this, hdmp fever subsided and platelet counts increased within ... | 2010 | 20075424 |
| molecular epidemiology of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in turkey: occurrence of local topotype. | the goal of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) in turkey. the study was performed on a total of 48 confirmed human cchf cases from 2006 to 2008. the majority of the cchf viral strains in turkey were found to belong to the european lineage. local cchf viral strains are grouped into two main clusters, which can be further divided into two sub-groups. we also identified an ap92-like virus causing clinical disease in corum (a mid ... | 2010 | 20079776 |
| [two crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever cases without history of tick contact from ankara region]. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne viral disease presenting with flu-like symptoms, fever, hemorrhage and petechia. the virus (cchfv) is a member of the nairovirus genera of bunyaviridae family and can be transmitted to humans by hyalomma tick-bite, by exposure to infected blood and fomites of patient with cchf or contact with animal tissue in viremic phase. in this study we present two cases with cchf but without history of tick bite or exposure to infected fomites, even not ... | 2009 | 20084924 |
| [epidemic situation on kongo-crimean hemorrhagic fever in south federal district of russia]. | | 2009 | 20095423 |
| serum nitric oxide levels in patients with crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever. | crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) is an acute disease affecting multiple organ systems and is characterized by fever and haemorrhages. the pathogenesis of cchf has not been well described. nitric oxide (no) is an important regulator of a number of different biological processes and can participate in antimicrobial defence. in this study, we measured the level of no in the serum of patients with cchf and healthy controls to define the possible role of no in the control of infection. sixty-t ... | 2010 | 20095935 |
| molecular detection of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) but not west nile virus (wnv) in hard ticks from provinces in northern turkey. | in this study, the hard ticks collected from a variety of mammalian species (cattle, sheep, goat, buffalo) and a turtle in either coastal or inland black sea region of turkey were surveyed for the presence of rna from crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) and west nile virus (wnv). no wnv genomic rna was detected in any tick sample. however, cchfv rna was found in 29 of 421 tick pools (6.88%). positivity rates for the provinces varied and were as follows: samsun 4.38%; ordu 4.34%; gires ... | 2010 | 20163578 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus infection is lethal for adult type i interferon receptor-knockout mice. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) poses a great threat to public health due to its high mortality, transmission and geographical distribution. to date, there is no vaccine or specific treatment available and the knowledge regarding its pathogenesis is highly limited. using a small-animal model system, this study showed that adult mice missing the type i interferon (ifn) receptor (ifnar(-/-)) were susceptible to cchfv and developed an acute disease with fatal outcome. in contrast, inf ... | 2010 | 20164263 |
| evaluation of clinical and laboratory predictors of fatality in patients with crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever in a tertiary care hospital in turkey. | the fatality rate of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) disease has been reported as 5.4-80%. in this prospective study our aim was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory predictors of fatality in patients with cchf. among probable cchf patients admitted to our clinic between 2005 and 2008, patients with positive igm antibodies and/or polymerase chain reaction for cchf virus were included in the study. to determine the predictors of fatality, we compared epidemiological, clinical and labor ... | 2010 | 20166862 |
| erythema nodosum in the course of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever. | crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever is an emerging zoonosis with a wide geographic distribution and protean clinical manifestations. the main pathogenesis of this infection has not been elucidated. erythema nodosum is an immunologically-mediated dermatologic disease and the most common form of panniculitis that has been associated with many infections and inflammatory disorders. we describe a case of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever with severe bleeding diathesis and hepatic failure that was succes ... | 2010 | 20305115 |
| an antigenic investigation of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) in hard ticks from provinces in northern turkey. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus threatens human health. exposure of the infected tick is a strong risk factor for human disease. in this study, the hard ticks collected from a variety of mammalian species (cattle, sheep, goat, and buffalo) and a turtle in either coastal or inland black sea region of turkey were surveyed for the presence of antigen from crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv). cchfv antigen was found in 46 of 421 tick pools (10.92%). positivity rates for the provinces ... | 2010 | 20401757 |
| a perspective on emerging mosquito and phlebotomine-borne diseases in europe. | | 2010 | 20403312 |
| a serological survey of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever in animals in the sharkia governorate of egypt. | a surveillance survey was conducted over a period of 12 months between september 2004 and august 2005 by the tropical medicine department of zagazig university in collaboration with naval medical research unit no. 3 (namru-3), egypt, to evaluate the role of ruminants as a reservoir host for crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv). a total of 1,022 serum samples from 313 cattle, 264 water buffalo (bubalus bubalis), 270 sheep and 175 goats were included in the survey. all samples were colle ... | 2008 | 20405447 |
| cutaneous manifestations of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever: morbilliform eruptions may reflect a favorable outcome and not low platelet levels. | | 2010 | 20406726 |
| nosocomial outbreak of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever, sudan. | to confirm the presence of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in sudan, we tested serum of 8 patients with hemorrhagic fever in a rural hospital in 2008. reverse transcription-pcr identified crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus. its identification as group iii lineage indicated links to virus strains from south africa, mauritania, and nigeria. | 2010 | 20409377 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in children. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) virus causes a severe disease in humans with a mortality up to 30%. in turkey there has been an increase in the number of cases during years since 2002. humans of all ages living in endemic areas,especially those who are working as shepherds and toddlers, have high risk of acquiring cchf. | 2010 | 20444644 |
| [evaluation of pcr and elisa-igm results in the laboratory diagnosis of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever cases in 2008 in turkey]. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a fatal zoonotic viral haemorrhagic infection described in africa, asia, eastern europe, and the middle east. cchf virus (cchfv) classified in bunyaviridae family and nairovirus genus, is transmitted to humans by tick (hyalomma and ixodid) bites and human to human transmission may occur by direct contact with blood or other infected tissues. the disease became endemic and a public health problem since 2002 outbreak in turkey. the specific laboratory diag ... | 2010 | 20455399 |
| [phosphan microplate technology-based microarray for the determination of igg antibodies against west nile and crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever viruses]. | the paper demonstrates it possible to work out a phosphorescence analysis (phosphan) microplate technology-based microarray for concurrently examining human sera and detection of their specific igg antibodies against two heterological west nile and crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever viruses. the sensitivity and specificity of the microarray were comparable with those of enzyme immunoassay with separate sample testing. the advantages of phosphan were associated with the microplate format of an immun ... | 2010 | 20455465 |
| interacting roles of immune mechanisms and viral load in the pathogenesis of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever. | until now, the pathogenesis of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) has not been well described. however, it has been hypothesized that it could be a result of the direct injury of virus-infected tissues in combination with the indirect effects of host immune responses, including cytokines. to shed more light on the role of viral load and cytokines, differential influences of cchf virus (cchfv) rna load, antibody response, and cytokine production on severity and outcome of the disease were stu ... | 2010 | 20484568 |
| epidemiological, serological and herd immunity of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever in kosovo. | crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) is primarily a zoonotic disease, mostly present as sporadic cases, but outbreaks also occur, especially in the family. disease as endemic form is presents in some countries of africa, europe and asia. in 2001, outbreak of cchf was registered in kosova, albania, pakistan, iran, and south africa. goal of the research was to establish a pattern of the disease, its natural flow and herd immunity. for this purpose we used epidemiological methods, laboratory con ... | 2010 | 20514773 |
| comparison of antiviral activity of recombinant and natural interferons against crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus. | as a first line of defence against a virus infection, mammalian cells elicit an innate immune response, characterized by secretion of type i interferons (ifn) and up-regulation of interferon stimulated genes (isgs). we have previously included crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) in the list of type i ifn-sensitive viruses. in this in vitro study, we have compared the antiviral activity of two recombinant ifn-alpha preparations (roferon a and intron a) with a natural ifn-alpha produced ... | 2010 | 20517491 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever: risk for emergence of new endemic foci in europe? | during recent years, new foci of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) have emerged in several balkan countries, southwest russia, and turkey. starting in 2002, turkey experiences the largest ever recorded outbreak with more than 2500 cases. potential reasons for the emergence or re-emergence of cchf include climate changes which may have a significant impact on the reproduction rate of the vector hyalomma ticks, as well as anthropogenic factors (e.g. changes in agricultural and hunting activit ... | 2010 | 20541133 |
| early serodiagnosis of acute human crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus infections by novel capture assays. | | 2010 | 20541967 |
| crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever presenting as epididymo-orchitis. | crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a potentially fatal disease caused by a tick-borne virus. | 2010 | 20598630 |
| a simple-probe real-time pcr assay for genotyping reassorted and non-reassorted isolates of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in southern africa. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne viral zoonosis distributed widely in africa, asia, russia and the balkans. occurrence of segment reassortment has been established and may be associated with pathogenicity. the ability to distinguish between an infection with a reassortant and a non-reassortant variant may have prognostic value. in this study the use of simple-probe technology and real-time pcr was investigated to detect rapidly cchf viral nucleic acid and to distinguish bet ... | 2010 | 20599559 |
| ixodid ticks (acari: ixodidae) infesting humans in tokat province of turkey: species diversity and seasonal activity. | ixodid ticks (acari: ixodidae) are the major vectors of pathogens threatening animal and human health. tokat province, turkey, is a suitable habitat for extended tick activity with its moderate climate and vegetation. in the present study, we surveyed humans visiting health centers to determine the species diversity, geographical distribution, and seasonal activity of ixodid ticks infesting them. out of 5,999 adult ticks collected from humans from april to september, 2008, 800 ticks were identif ... | 2010 | 20618665 |
| evidence of vascular endothelial damage in crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever. | endothelial infection has an important role in the pathogenesis of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf). in this study, we investigated the causes of vascular endothelial damage in patients with cchf. | 2010 | 20627646 |
| determination of serum adenosine deaminase and xanthine oxidase levels in patients with crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic fever with a high mortality rate. despite increasing knowledge about hemorrhagic fever viruses, little is known about the pathogenesis of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever. in this study, we measured serum adenosine deaminase and xanthine oxidase levels in crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever patients. | 2010 | 20668627 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in man, republic of georgia, 2009. | | 2010 | 20678341 |
| current treatment of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in children. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a fatal viral hemorrhagic fever and is usually transmitted to humans by tick bite, or exposure to infected blood or tissues of infected livestock or humans. although children can be infected with the cchf virus, infection is unusual in the younger age group. early diagnosis and treatment of cchf infection is critical to the survival of patients and the control of the disease. in this article, we underline current therapeutic approaches to cchf infection ... | 2010 | 20695747 |
| pathogenesis and immune response of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in a stat-1 knockout mouse model. | tick-borne crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) causes a severe hemorrhagic syndrome in humans but not in its vertebrate animal hosts. the pathogenesis of the disease is largely not understood due to the lack of an animal model. laboratory animals typically show no overt signs of disease. here, we describe a new small-animal model to study cchfv pathogenesis that manifests clinical disease, similar to that seen in humans, without adaptation of the virus to the host. our studies revealed ... | 2010 | 20739514 |
| nosocomial outbreak of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever. | summarywe report a nosocomial outbreak of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) that affected six patients in june 2009 in ghaem hospital, mashhad, iran, apparently related to one index case. the last four cases were healthcare workers. infection was spread by percutaneous exposure to two cases, and probably by direct contact with blood, clothes and sheets, to three others. the diagnosis in the two fatal cases was not confirmed virologically. the diagnosis in four cases who survived was confir ... | 2011 | 20800007 |
| crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever in eurasia. | crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne infectious disease characterized by fever, malaise, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, sore throat, muscle aches, haemorrhage and thrombocytopenia. it is a challenge for the population of endemic rural areas, and for healthcare workers, and carries a considerable mortality. the disease is widely distributed in africa, europe and asia, and has become a serious threat to public health in eurasia. the intention of this review is to summari ... | 2010 | 20810253 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in a dengue-endemic region: lessons for the future. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever are endemic in pakistan. however, the overlap of geographic distribution and early clinical features between the two conditions make a reliable diagnosis difficult in the initial stage of illness. a 16-year-old boy presented with a history of hematemesis and high-grade fever. a preliminary diagnosis of dengue hemorrhagic fever was made and supportive treatment was instituted; however, the patient continued to deteriorate clinically. de ... | 2010 | 20818095 |
| interventions against west nile virus, rift valley fever virus, and crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus: where are we? | arbo-zoonet is an international network financed by the european commission's seventh framework program. the major goal of this initiative is capacity building for the control of emerging viral vector-borne zoonotic diseases, with a clear focus on west nile virus, rift valley fever virus, and crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus. to evaluate the status quo of control measures against these viruses, an arbo-zoonet meeting was held in istanbul, turkey, from 19 to 20 november 2009. the symposium c ... | 2010 | 20854026 |
| interview with dr. anthony r. fooks. interview by vicki glaser. | | 2010 | 20854027 |
| virus and infections 2010 - bit's first world congress. | the world congress of virus and infections, held in busan, south korea, included topics reviewing the field of zoonoses. this conference report highlights selected presentations on surveillance, epidemiology and measures for the control and prevention of zoonotic diseases. topics discussed include human factors influencing zoonoses, the molecular epidemiology of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever, the emerging nipah virus, and the re-emergence of cowpox virus. | 2010 | 20878585 |
| [a case of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in the anapa district, krasnodar territory]. | the paper gives information on the first case of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever detected in a female resident of the anapa district, krasnodar territory, in 2005 in the past 57 years. | 2010 | 20886712 |
| the first crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever case in the winter season from turkey. | turkey is one of the countries in which crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever is frequently seen and most of the cases are reported between april and august. we describe the first case of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in the winter season, when hyalomma tick activity is absent, from turkey. | 2010 | 20948224 |
| serial expression of the truncated fragments of the nucleocapsid protein of cchfv and identification of the epitope region. | the crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is a geographically widespread fatal pathogen. identification of the epitope regions of the virus is important for the diagnosis and epidemiological studies of cchfv infections. in this study, expression vectors carrying series truncated fragments of the np (nucleocapsid protein) gene from the s fragment of cchfv strain yl04057 were constructed. the recombinant proteins were expressed in e.coli and purified for detection. the antigenic of the tru ... | 2010 | 20960283 |