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crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus nucleocapsid protein augments mrna translation.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is a tick-borne nairovirus of the bunyaviridae family, causing severe illness with high mortality rates in humans. here, we demonstrate that cchfv nucleocapsid protein (cchfv-np) augments mrna translation. cchfv-np binds to the viral mrna 5' untranslated region (utr) with high affinity. it facilitates the translation of reporter mrna both in vivo and in vitro with the assistance of the viral mrna 5' utr. cchfv-np equally favors the translation of bot ...201728515298
crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in migrant worker returning from oman to india, 2016.in january 2016, a migrant worker who returned home to india after becoming ill in oman was confirmed to have crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf). physicians should include cchf in the differential diagnosis for patients with hemorrhagic signs and a history of recent travel to any area where cchf is endemic or prevalent.201728518037
development and evaluation of a bioinformatics approach for designing molecular assays for viral detection.viruses belonging to the flaviviridae and bunyaviridae families show considerable genetic diversity. however, this diversity is not necessarily taken into account when developing diagnostic assays, which are often based on the pairwise alignment of a limited number of sequences. our objective was to develop and evaluate a bioinformatics workflow addressing two recurrent issues of molecular assay design: (i) the high intraspecies genetic diversity in viruses and (ii) the potential for cross-react ...201728542435
potent and selective inhibition of pathogenic viruses by engineered ubiquitin variants.the recent middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov), ebola and zika virus outbreaks exemplify the continued threat of (re-)emerging viruses to human health, and our inability to rapidly develop effective therapeutic countermeasures. many viruses, including mers-cov and the crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) encode deubiquitinating (dub) enzymes that are critical for viral replication and pathogenicity. they bind and remove ubiquitin (ub) and interferon stimulated gene 1 ...201728542609
cytokine response in crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus infection.we described the predictive role of cytokines in fatality of crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) infection by using daily clinical sera samples. consequent serum samples of the selected patients in different severity groups and healthy controls were examined by using human cytokine 17-plex assay. we included 12 (23%) mild, 30 (58%) moderate, 10 (19%) severe patients, and 10 healthy volunteers. the mean age of the patients was 52 (sd 15), 52% were female. forty-six patients (88%) receiv ...201728547808
the role of ticks in the maintenance and transmission of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus: a review of published field and laboratory studies.this manuscript is part of a series of reviews that aim to cover published research on crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) and its etiological agent, cchf virus (cchfv). the virus is maintained and transmitted in a vertical and horizontal transmission cycle involving a variety of wild and domestic vertebrate species that act as amplification hosts, without showing signs of illness. these vertebrates have traditionally been considered reservoirs of cchfv, but in fact they develop only a transi ...201728579441
draft genome sequences of eight crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus strains.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is a geographically widespread rna virus with a high degree of genomic diversity that complicates sequence-based diagnostics. here, we sequenced eight cchfv strains for improved assay design and deposition into fda-argos, the fda's pathogen database for development and verification of next generation sequencing assays.201728596387
crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever: tick-host-virus interactions.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is transmitted to humans by bite of infected ticks or by direct contact with blood or tissues of viremic patients or animals. it causes to humans a severe disease with fatality up to 30%. the current knowledge about the vector-host-cchfv interactions is very limited due to the high-level containment required for cchfv studies. among ticks, hyalomma spp. are considered the most competent virus vectors. cchfv evades the tick immune response, and follow ...201728603698
crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus-specific antibody detection in cattle in mauritania.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) was detected for the first time in mauritania in 1983 and several cchfv outbreaks were reported in the following years. the last human case was diagnosed in 2015. however, no recent data exist about the prevalence of cchfv in animals, although it is already described that prevalence studies in animals serve as good risk indicators. cchfv can cause a severe hemorrhagic fever with a high case fatality rate in humans. therefore, a precise risk assessmen ...201728605299
importance of endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in patients with crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever.the pathogenesis of the crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) and the cause of the hemorrhage are not yet fully understood. however, the endothelium plays a key role in the pathogenesis. the purpose of this study was to investigate endothelial dysfunction markers (asymmetrical dimethyl arginine [adma], endothelin 1[et-1], thrombomodulin [tm], von willebrand factor [vwf], and intercellular adhesion molecule [icam-1]) in serum in patients with cchf and their associations with hemorrhage. seventy- ...201728628220
microbiological zoonotic emerging risks, transmitted between livestock animals and humans (2007-2015).as part of the emerging risk identification (eri) activities of the european food safety authority (efsa), a literature search was conducted to identify the microbiological agents transmitted between livestock animals and humans that have been suggested as having emerged between 2007 and 2015 in peer-reviewed scientific literature published during the same period (2007-2015). according to the criteria set, the search identified seven such zoonotic agents, namely west nile fever virus, rift valle ...201728670863
development of vaccines against crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus.crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is a deadly human pathogen of the utmost seriousness being highly lethal causing devastating disease symptoms that result in intense and prolonged suffering to those infected. during the past 40years, this virus has repeatedly caused sporadic outbreaks responsible for relatively low numbers of human casualties, but with an alarming fatality rate of up to 80% in clinically infected patients. cchfv is transmitted to humans by hyalomma ticks and contac ...201728687403
generic amplification and next generation sequencing reveal crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus ap92-like strain and distinct tick phleboviruses in anatolia, turkey.ticks are involved with the transmission of several viruses with significant health impact. as incidences of tick-borne viral infections are rising, several novel and divergent tick- associated viruses have recently been documented to exist and circulate worldwide. this study was performed as a cross-sectional screening for all major tick-borne viruses in several regions in turkey. next generation sequencing (ngs) was employed for virus genome characterization. ticks were collected at 43 locatio ...201728705183
tetracyclines as a potential antiviral therapy against crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus: docking and molecular dynamic studies.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is one of the deadliest human diseases with mortality rate near 50%. special attention should be paid to this virus since there is no approved treatment for it. on the other hand, the recent outbreak of ebola virus which is a member of hemorrhagic fever viruses shows this group of viruses can be extremely dangerous. previous studies have indicated that nucleoprotein of cchfv, a pivotal protein in virus replication, is an appropriate target for antivi ...201728709136
francisella-like endosymbionts and rickettsia species in local and imported hyalomma ticks.hyalomma ticks (acari: ixodidae) are hosts for francisella-like endosymbionts (fle) and may serve as vectors of zoonotic disease agents. this study aimed to provide an initial characterization of the interaction between hyalomma and fle and to determine the prevalence of pathogenic rickettsia in these ticks. hyalomma marginatum, hyalomma rufipes, hyalommadromedarii, hyalommaaegyptium, and hyalommaexcavatum ticks, identified morphologically and molecularly, were collected from different hosts and ...201728710265
serosurvey for crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus infections in ruminants in katanga province, democratic republic of the congo.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) has been detected in many african countries. unfortunately, little is known about the current cchfv situation in most of those countries including the democratic republic of the congo (drc). in over 50 years, three human cchf cases have been detected in drc but no seroepidemiological investigation was performed so far. to determine the prevalence of cchfv-specific antibodies we tested 838 serum samples of cattle, goat and sheep from the southern prov ...201728712556
serosurvey of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in cattle, mali, west africa.abstractcrimean-congo hemorrhagic fever is a tick-borne disease caused by the arbovirus crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv, family bunyaviridae, genus nairovirus). cchfv can cause a severe hemorrhagic fever with high-case fatality rates in humans. cchfv has a wide geographic range and has been described in around 30 countries in the middle east, asia, europe, and africa including mali and neighboring countries. to date, little is known about the prevalence rates of cchfv in mali. here, ...201728719259
combination of rt-pcr and proteomics for the identification of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic disease caused by the cchf virus (cchfv). in this study, an experimental approach combining rt-pcr and proteomics was used for the identification and characterization of cchfv in 106 ticks from 7 species that were collected from small ruminants in greece. the methodological approach included an initial screening for cchfv by rt-pcr followed by proteomics analysis of positive and control negative tick samples. this novel ap ...201728736753
a comprehensive review of common bacterial, parasitic and viral zoonoses at the human-animal interface in egypt.egypt has a unique geographical location connecting the three old-world continents africa, asia and europe. it is the country with the highest population density in the middle east, northern africa and the mediterranean basin. this review summarizes the prevalence, reservoirs, sources of human infection and control regimes of common bacterial, parasitic and viral zoonoses in animals and humans in egypt. there is a gap of knowledge conerning the epidemiology of zoonotic diseases at the human-anim ...201728754024
crimean congo hemorrhagic fever among the one-humped camel (camelus dromedaries) in central sudan.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne viral zoonotic disease caused by crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv), a member of the genus nairovirus in the family bunyaviridae. cchf is typically asymptomatic in animals but can be highly fatal in humans approaching case fatality rate of approximately 30%. in the present investigation, a cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of cchf and to identify the potential risk factors associated with cchfv seropo ...201728774342
crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks collected from livestock in albania.albania is a balkan country endemic for crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf). it was shown previously that cchf virus (cchfv) sequences from albanian patients cluster into europe 1 clade. aim of the present study was to test for cchfv ticks collected in several regions of albania, and to determine the genetic lineage(s) of the cchfv strains in relation with their geographic distribution. a total of 726 ticks (366 hyalomma marginatum, 349 rhipicephalus bursa and 11 rhipicephalus sanguineus) col ...201728827176
genomic characterization of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in hyalomma tick from spain, 2014.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a severe tick-borne disease caused by cchf virus (cchfv). ticks in the genus hyalomma are the main vectors and reservoirs of cchfv. in spain, cchfv was first detected in hyalomma ticks from cáceres in 2010. subsequently, two autochthonous cchf cases were reported in august 2016. in this study, we describe the characterization of the cchfv genome directly from hyalomma lusitanicum collected in cáceres in 2014. phylogenetic analyses reveal a close relation ...201728836897
identification of broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus.despite the serious public health impact of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf), the efficacy of antivirals targeting the causative agent, cchf virus (cchfv), remains debatable. neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) targeting the cchfv glycoprotein gc have been reported to protect mice against challenge with the prototype cchfv strain, ibar10200. however, due to extensive sequence diversity of cchfv glycoproteins, it is unknown whether these mabs neutralize other cchfv strains. we initial ...201728842265
effect of tlr10 (2322a/g, 720a/c and 992t/a) polymorphisms on the pathogenesis of crimean congo hemorrhagic fever disease.crimean congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne disease caused by the crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv). toll-like receptors (tlrs) are type 1 transmembrane proteins of immune cells that play a critical role in innate and adaptive immunity. the present study first time aims to investigate the relation between tlr10 gene polymorphisms (720a/c, 992t/a and 2322a/g), severity/non-severity, fatality/non-fatality and ccfh disease by using pcr-rflp assay in a turkish population. tlr1 ...201728843003
crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus suppresses innate immune responses via a ubiquitin and isg15 specific protease.antiviral responses are regulated by conjugation of ubiquitin (ub) and interferon-stimulated gene 15 (isg15) to proteins. certain classes of viruses encode ub- or isg15-specific proteases belonging to the ovarian tumor (otu) superfamily. their activity is thought to suppress cellular immune responses, but studies demonstrating the function of viral otu proteases during infection are lacking. crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv, family nairoviridae) is a highly pathogenic human virus tha ...201728877473
molecular detection of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks, greece, 2012-2014.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is transmitted to humans mainly through the bite of infected ticks. in greece, only one clinical case has been observed, in 2008, but the seroprevalence in humans is relatively high (4.2%). to have a first insight into the circulation of cchfv in greece, 2000 ticks collected from livestock during 2012-2014 were tested. cchfv was detected in 36 of the 1290 (2.8%) tick pools (1-5 ticks per pool). two genetic lineages were identified: europe 1 and europ ...201728920177
crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus nucleocapsid protein has dual rna binding modes.crimean congo hemorrhagic fever, a zoonotic viral disease, has high mortality rate in humans. there is currently no vaccine for crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) and chemical interventions are limited. the three negative sense genomic rna segments of cchfv are specifically encapsidated by the nucleocapsid protein into three ribonucleocapsids, which serve as templates for the viral rna dependent rna polymerase. here we demonstrate that cchfv nucleocapsid protein has two distinct bindi ...201728922369
a dna vaccine for crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever protects against disease and death in two lethal mouse models.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is a tick-borne virus capable of causing a severe hemorrhagic fever disease in humans. there are currently no licensed vaccines to prevent cchfv-associated disease. we developed a dna vaccine expressing the m-segment glycoprotein precursor gene of cchfv and assessed its immunogenicity and protective efficacy in two lethal mouse models of disease: type i interferon receptor knockout (ifnar-/-) mice; and a novel transiently immune suppressed (is) mouse ...201728922426
a mini-review of bunyaviruses recorded in india.newly emerging and re-emerging viral infections are of major public health concern. bunyaviridae family of viruses comprises a large group of animal viruses. clinical symptoms exhibited by persons infected by viruses belonging to this family vary from mild-to-severe diseases i.e., febrile illness, encephalitis, haemorrhagic fever and acute respiratory illness. several arthropods-borne viruses have been discovered and classified at serological level in india in the past. some of these are highly ...201728948950
structure-function assays for crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus polymerase.the recently developed crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) reverse genetics systems have paved the way for experiments looking to identify and characterize the roles played by viral and cellular proteins in the cchfv life cycle. in particular, the development of the noninfectious minigenome and virus-like particle (vlp) systems is a tremendous technological advance, as these systems allow for precisely targeting proteins or nucleic acids and measuring the effects these mutations or tre ...201828986838
identification of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluorocytidine as a potent inhibitor of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus replication using a recombinant fluorescent reporter virus.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv), a tick-borne orthonairovirus, causes a severe hemorrhagic disease in humans (crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever, cchf). currently, no vaccines are approved to prevent cchf; treatment is limited to supportive care and the use of ribavirin, the therapeutic benefits of which remain unclear. cchf is part of who's priority list of infectious diseases warranting further research and development. to aid in the identification of new antiviral compounds, we gen ...201729024765
a recombinase polymerase amplification assay for rapid detection of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus infection.crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is a rapidly emerging vector-borne pathogen and the cause of a virulent haemorrhagic fever affecting large parts of europe, africa, the middle east and asia.201729028804
lethal infection of embryonated chicken eggs by hazara virus, a model for crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus.hazara virus (hazv) is a member of the genus orthonairovirus of the family nairoviridae. hazv is closely related to crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus but differs in that it is non-pathogenic to humans. to establish an infection model system, we tested whether embryonated chicken eggs, which are classically used for evaluating viral pathogenicity, are susceptible to hazv infection. we demonstrated that hazv replicates well in embryonated chicken eggs and kills 100% of the embryos. this can be ...201829030708
genome sequences of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus strains isolated in south africa, namibia, and turkey.we report here the full-length sequences of 16 historical isolates of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus (cchfv) obtained in turkey, namibia, and south africa. the strains may be useful for future work to develop molecular diagnostics or viral evolution studies.201729051241
genome sequences of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus strains isolated in south africa, namibia, and turkey.we report here the full-length sequences of 16 historical isolates of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus (cchfv) obtained in turkey, namibia, and south africa. the strains may be useful for future work to develop molecular diagnostics or viral evolution studies.201729051241
phylogenetic characterization of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus, spain.two cases of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever were reported in spain during 2016. we obtained the virus from a patient sample and characterized its full genomic sequence. phylogenetic analysis indicated that the virus corresponds to the african genotype iii, which includes viruses previously found in west and south africa.201729148370
co-circulation of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus strains asia 1 and 2 between the border of iran and pakistan.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne viral disease that is transmitted by numerous species of ticks, which serve both as a reservoir and vector of cchf virus (cchfv). molecular and serological tests were undertaken on hard ticks (ixodidae spp.) and samples from livestock were collected in 2015 from chabahar county in southeast iran. using rt-pcr, the ticks were tested for the presence of cchfv. in addition, seven livestock were serologically tested for the presence of igg antib ...201729159319
sequence optimized real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is a tick-borne virus of the genus nairovirus within the family bunyaviridae. infection can result in general myalgia, fever, and headache with some patients developing hemorrhagic fever with mortality rates ranging from 5% to 30%. cchfv has a wide geographic range that includes africa, asia, the middle east, and europe with nucleotide sequence variation approaching 20% across the three negative-sense rna genome segments. while phylogenetic clusterin ...201829165231
analysis of codon usage bias of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus and its adaptation to hosts.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is a negative-sense, single stranded rna virus with a three-segmented genome that belongs to the genus nairovirus within the family bunyaviridae. cchfv uses hyalomma ticks as a vector to infect humans with a wide range of clinical signs, from asymptomatic to zika-like syndrome. despite significant progress in genomic analyses, the influences of viral relationships with different hosts on overall viral fitness, survival, and evading the host's immune ...201729198972
arboviruses and their related infections in china: a comprehensive field and laboratory investigation over the last 3 decades.since the 1980s, a comprehensive field and laboratory investigation has been conducted throughout china, and a total of 29 virus species belonging to 7 families and 13 genera were identified through virological, morphological, and immunological methods, as well as whole-genome sequencing and molecular genetic analyses. most of the virus isolates belong to 9 genera in the families flaviviridae, bunyaviridae, togaviridae, and reoviridae. among them, 4 genera (orthobunyavirus, bunyavirus, phlebovir ...201829210509
translating predictions of zoonotic viruses for policymakers.recent outbreaks of ebola virus disease and zika virus disease highlight the need for disseminating accurate predictions of emerging zoonotic viruses to national governments for disease surveillance and response. although there are published maps for many emerging zoonotic viruses, it is unknown if there is agreement among different models or if they are concordant with national expert opinion. therefore, we reviewed existing predictions for five high priority emerging zoonotic viruses with nati ...201729230614
long-lived cd8+ t cell responses following crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus infection.crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is a member of the orthonairovirus genus of the nairoviridae family and is associated with haemorrhagic fever in humans. although t lymphocyte responses are known to play a role in protection from and clearance of viral infections, specific t cell epitopes have yet to be identified for cchfv following infection. a panel of overlapping peptides covering the cchfv nucleoprotein and the structural glycoproteins, gn and gc, were screened by elispot assa ...201729261651
monitoring for the possible introduction of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus in italy based on tick sampling on migratory birds and serological survey of sheep flocks.crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf), endemic in africa, asia, eastern europe and the middle east, is caused by a tibovirus (cchfv) transmitted in particular by the hyalomma genus of the ixodidae family that can remain attached to the host for up to 26days, which in case of migratory birds allows long distance carriage. although cchf in domestic ruminants is usually subclinical, they may become reservoirs and act as sentinels for the introduction and/or circulation of cchfv. in this study, po ...201829290300
a novel double-antigen sandwich elisa for the species-independent detection of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus-specific antibodies.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne disease in humans caused by the cchf virus (cchfv). the detection of anti-cchfv antibodies in animals is used to reveal infection risk areas. therefore a simple, quick and reliable multispecies assay for the detection of cchfv-specific antibodies is needed. this work presents the development and validation of a novel cchf double-antigen elisa for the detection of anti-cchfv nucleoprotein antibodies. the test requires 30 μl of serum, and resu ...201829330092
serological evidence of rift valley fever phlebovirus and crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus infections among pygmies in the east region of cameroon.rift valley fever phlebovirus (rvfv) and crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus (cchfv) specific antibodies had been documented among humans in urban settings of the southwestern and northern cameroon in the late 1980s. recently, evidence for enzootic circulation of rvfv was reported among livestock in both rural and urban settings in cameroon. however, current estimates of human exposure to rvfv and cchfv are still to be documented in cameroon, especially in rural areas. the aim of thi ...201829625611
viral metagenomics, genetic and evolutionary characteristics of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus in humans, kosovo.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus (cchfv) is a tick-borne virus which causes severe disease in humans with fatality cases up to 30%. we investigated the genetic and evolutionary characteristics of cchfv in kosovo, in particular in humans and found that different virus variants of genotype v circulate, with turkey as a possible origin for the progenitor of southern european cchf outbreaks. phylogenetic analyses also revealed a single introduction event and in situ evolution of cchfv ...201830006045
evaluation of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus avitagged nucleoprotein for potential application in diagnosiscrimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is an acute viral zoonotic disease, with a mortality rate of 30-50%. there is no approved vaccine or any specific antiviral treatment for cchf; therefore, the rapid diagnosis seems to be crucial for both efficient supportive therapy and control of infection spread. in this study, the potency of recombinant nucleoprotein of virus expressed in prokaryotic system was investigated for diagnosis of the infection.201931104398
characterization of biomarker levels in crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever and hantavirus fever with renal syndrome.hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) are important viral hemorrhagic fevers (vhf), especially in the balkan region. infections with dobrava or puumala orthohantavirus and crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus can vary from a mild, nonspecific febrile illness, to a severe disease with a fatal outcome. the pathogenesis of both diseases is poorly understood, but it has been suggested that a host's immune mechanism might influence the path ...201931357521
development of multispecies recombinant nucleoprotein-based indirect elisa for high-throughput screening of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus-specific antibodies.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a re-emerging zoonotic viral disease prevalent in many parts of asia, europe, and africa. the causative agent, crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus (cchfv), is transmitted through hard ticks. tick vectors especially belonging to the hyalomma species serve as the reservoir and amplifying host. the vertebrate animals including sheep, goat, and bovine act as a short-lasting bridge linking the virus and ticks. cchfv causes fatal hemorrhagic fever ...201931507540
nosocomial transmission of emerging viruses via aerosol-generating medical procedures.recent nosocomial transmission events of emerging and re-emerging viruses, including ebola virus, middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus, nipah virus, and crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus, have highlighted the risk of nosocomial transmission of emerging viruses in health-care settings. in particular, concerns and precautions have increased regarding the use of aerosol-generating medical procedures when treating patients with such viral infections. in spite of increasing asso ...201931614743
characterization and applications of a crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus nucleoprotein-specific affimer: inhibitory effects in viral replication and development of colorimetric diagnostic tests.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus (cchfv) is one of the most widespread medically important arboviruses, causing human infections that result in mortality rates of up to 60%. we describe the selection of a high-affinity small protein (affimer-np) that binds specifically to the nucleoprotein (np) of cchfv. we demonstrate the interference of affimer-np in the rna-binding function of cchfv np using fluorescence anisotropy, and its inhibitory effects on cchfv gene expression in mammali ...202032492018
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