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haemaphysalis longicornis ticks as reservoir and vector of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in china.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging hemorrhagic fever in east asia caused by sfts virus (sftsv), a newly discovered phlebovirus. the haemaphysalis longicornis tick has been suspected to be the vector of sftsv. to determine whether sftsv can be transmitted among ticks, from ticks to animals, and from animals to ticks, we conducted transmission studies between developmental stages of h. longicornis ticks and between ticks and mice. using reverse transcription pcr, we ...026402039
accuracy of diagnosis of human granulocytic anaplasmosis in china.in 2008, human granulocytic anaplasmosis (hga) was reported from china. however, the clinical and laboratory findings, including reports of nosocomial transmission, were inconsistent with those reported for hga in the united states. in 2012, it was demonstrated that the patients described in the 2008 report had all been infected with a newly discovered bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, which causes an illness with the same clinical features described for the patients ...027648639
severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in patients suspected of having scrub typhus.to determine prevalence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in south korea, we examined serum samples from patients with fever and insect bite history in scrub typhus-endemic areas. during the 2013 scrub typhus season, prevalence of this syndrome among patients suspected of having scrub typhus was high (23.0%), suggesting possible co-infection.027767909
severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome complicated by co-infection with spotted fever group rickettsiae, china.during 2013-2015 in central china, co-infection with spotted fever group rickettsiae was identified in 77 of 823 patients infected with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. co-infection resulted in delayed recovery and increased risk for death, prompting clinical practices in the region to consider co-infection in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome.027767921
severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in ticks collected from humans, south korea, 2013.we investigated the infection rate for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) among ticks collected from humans during may-october 2013 in south korea. haemaphysalis longicornis ticks have been considered the sftsv vector. however, we detected the virus in h. longicornis, amblyomma testudinarium, and ixodes nipponensis ticks, indicating additional potential sftsv vectors.025061851
can we blame migratory birds for transmission of the emerging severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in east asia? 026657298
severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, shandong province, china.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, which results in severe illness and has a high case-fatality rate, is caused by a novel bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. we found that samples from 2/237 (0.8%) healthy persons and 111/134 (83%) goats in yiyuan county, shandong province, china, were seropositive for this virus.022608264
prevalence of sftsv among asian house shrews and rodents, china, january-august 2013.to evaluate the role of small mammals as hosts of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv), we tested serum samples from rodents and shrews in china, collected in 2013. sftsv antibodies and rna were detected, suggesting that rodents and shrews might be hosts for sftsv.025418111
severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, south korea, 2013.during 2013, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome was diagnosed in 35 persons in south korea. environmental temperature probably affected the monthly and regional distribution of case-patients within the country. phylogenetic analysis indicated that the isolates from korea were closely related to isolates from china and japan.025341085
Person-to-Person Transmission of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus.Abstract Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a newly discovered bunyavirus, SFTS virus (SFTSV), and causes high fatality (12% on average and as high as 30%). The objective of this study was to determine whether SFTSV could be transmitted from person to person. We analyzed sera of 13 patients from two clusters of unknown infectious diseases that occurred between September and November of 2006 in Anhui Province of China for SFTSV antibod ...201121955213
preparation and evaluation of recombinant severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus nucleocapsid protein for detection of total antibodies in human and animal sera by double-antigen sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.the recent emergence of the human infection confirmed to be caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) in china is of global concern. safe diagnostic immunoreagents for determination of human and animal seroprevalence in epidemiological investigations are urgently needed. this paper describes the cloning and expression of the nucleocapsid (n) protein of sftsv. an n-protein-based double-antigen sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) system was set up to detect ...201122135253
evolutionary and molecular analysis of the emergent severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.in 2009, a novel bunyavirus, called severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) was identified in the vicinity of huaiyangshan, china. clinical symptoms of this zoonotic virus included severe fever, thrombocytopenia, and leukocytopenia, with a mortality rate of ~10%. by the end of 2011 the disease associated with this pathogen had been reported from eleven chinese provinces and human-to-human transmission suspected. however, current understanding of the evolution and molecular epid ...201223438426
risk assessment of human infection with a novel bunyavirus in china.to assess the public health risk of human infection from a novel bunyavirus - severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) - in china.201223908943
detection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus by reverse transcription-cross-priming amplification coupled with vertical flow visualization.a virus known as severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) was recently identified as the etiological agent of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) in china. reliable laboratory detection and identification of this virus are likely to become clinically and epidemiologically desirable. we developed a nearly instrument-free, simple molecular method which incorporates reverse transcription-cross-priming amplification (rt-cpa) coupled with a vertical flow (vf) visualiza ...201222993179
cytokine and chemokine levels in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv), which can cause hemorrhagic fever-like illness, is a newly discovered bunyavirus in china. the pathogenesis of sftsv infection is poorly understood. however, it has been suggested that immune mechanisms, including cytokines and chemokines, play an important role in disease pathogenesis. in the present study, we investigated host cytokine and chemokine profiles in serum samples of patients with sftsv infection from northeast china and exp ...201222911786
genetic characterization of bhanja virus and palma virus, two tick-borne phleboviruses.the genomes of bhanja virus (bhav) and palma virus (palv) two tick-borne viruses hitherto grouped into the bhanja virus antigenic complex of the bunyaviridae were determined by pyrosequencing. phylogenetic analysis groups all three segments of bhav and palv into a distinct clade of tick-borne phleboviruses together with the newly described severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus and uukuniemi virus. the terminal signature sequences which are signatures for taxonomic grouping and import ...201222806684
discovery of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus strains originating from intragenic recombination.this study analyzes available severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) genomes and reports that a sublineage of lineage i bears a unique m segment recombined from two of three prevailing sftsv lineages. through recombination, the sublineage has acquired nearly complete g1 associated with protective epitopes from lineage iii, suggesting that this recombination has the capacity to induce antigenic shift of the virus. therefore, this study provides some valuable implications for th ...201222933273
pathogenesis of emerging severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in c57/bl6 mouse model.the discovery of an emerging viral disease, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts), caused by sfts virus (sftsv), has prompted the need to understand pathogenesis of sftsv. we are unique in establishing an infectious model of sfts in c57/bl6 mice, resulting in hallmark symptoms of thrombocytopenia and leukocytopenia. viral rna and histopathological changes were identified in the spleen, liver, and kidney. however, viral replication was only found in the spleen, which suggested the sp ...201222665769
suppression of the interferon and nf-κb responses by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging infectious disease characterized by high fever, thrombocytopenia, multiorgan dysfunction, and a high fatality rate between 12 and 30%. it is caused by sfts virus (sftsv), a novel phlebovirus in family bunyaviridae. although the viral pathogenesis remains largely unknown, hemopoietic cells appear to be targeted by the virus. in this study we report that human monocytes were susceptible to sftsv, which replicated efficiently, as sho ...201222623799
identification of two severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus strains originating from reassortment.recently, a novel bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv), was isolated in central china. the virus can cause multi-clinical symptoms: severe fever, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, with a mortality rate of ~10%. several studies show that sftsv could undergo rapid evolution via gene mutation and homologous recombination. however, as an important evolutionary force for segmented-genome viruses, reassortment has not been reported in sftsv. in this study, we identifie ...201324055465
establishment of a novel one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid identification of rna from the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.as an emerging infectious disease, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) infection has been found in many areas of china. suitable laboratory diagnostic method is urgently needed in clinical detections and epidemiological investigations. in this study, a modified, low-cost and rapid visualized one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) method for the detection of rna from the sftsv has been established. in order to avoid the risk of aeroso ...201323911296
severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus expands its borders. 201326038472
the nucleoprotein of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus processes a stable hexameric ring to facilitate rna encapsidation.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv), a member of the phlebovirus genus from the bunyaviridae family endemic to china, is the causative agent of life-threatening severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts), which features high fever and hemorrhage. similar to other negative-sense rna viruses, sftsv encodes a nucleocapsid protein (np) that is essential for viral replication. np facilitates viral rna encapsidation and is responsible for the formation of ribonucleoprotei ...201323702688
[a double antibody sandwich elisa based assay for titration of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus].to develop an assay for titration of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) based on double antibody sandwich elisa.201324319962
[subcellular localization of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in macrophages].to study the subcellular localization of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) in macrophages and understand the replication and assembly mechanism of sftsv in host cells.201324319944
animal models for highly pathogenic emerging viruses.exotic and emerging viral pathogens associated with high morbidity and mortality in humans are being identified annually with recent examples including lujo virus in southern africa, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in china and a sars-like coronavirus in the middle east. the sporadic nature of these infections hampers our understanding of these diseases and limits the opportunities to design appropriate medical countermeasures against them. because of this, animal models are ut ...201323403208
severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus among domesticated animals, china.to investigate the infections of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) in domesticated animals, we sampled a total of 3,039 animals in 2 counties in shandong province, people's republic of china, from april to november 2011. sftsv-specific antibodies were detected in 328 (69.5%) of 472 sheep, 509 (60.5%) of 842 cattle, 136 (37.9%) of 359 dogs, 26 (3.1%) of 839 pigs, and 250 (47.4%) of 527 chickens. sftsv rna was detected in all sampled animal species, but the prevalence was l ...201323648209
characterization of the bhanja serogroup viruses (bunyaviridae): a novel species of the genus phlebovirus and its relationship with other emerging tick-borne phleboviruses.bhanja virus (bhav) and its antigenically close relatives forecariah virus (forv), kismayo virus (kisv), and palma virus (palv) are thought to be members of the family bunyaviridae, but they have not been assigned to a genus or species. despite their broad geographical distribution and reports that bhav causes sporadic cases of febrile illness and encephalitis in humans, the public health importance of the bhanja serogroup viruses remains unclear, due in part to the lack of sequence and biochemi ...201323325688
human antibody neutralizes severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, an emerging hemorrhagic fever virus.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv), a newly discovered member of the bunyaviridae family, is the causative agent of an emerging hemorrhagic fever, sfts, in china. currently, there are no vaccines or effective therapies against sfts. in this study, a combinatorial human antibody library was constructed from the peripheral lymphocytes of 5 patients who had recovered from sfts. the library was screened against purified virions for the production of single-chain variable-regio ...201323863504
severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus glycoproteins are targeted by neutralizing antibodies and can use dc-sign as a receptor for ph-dependent entry into human and animal cell lines.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) is a novel bunyavirus that recently emerged in china. infection with sftsv is associated with case-fatality rates of up to 30%, and neither antivirals nor vaccines are available at present. development of antiviral strategies requires the elucidation of virus-host cell interactions. here, we analyzed host cell entry of sftsv. employing lentiviral and rhabdoviral vectors, we found that the gn/gc glycoproteins (gn/gc) of sftsv mediate entry ...201323388721
structure of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus nucleocapsid protein in complex with suramin reveals therapeutic potential.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel bunyavirus (sftsv). lack of vaccines and inadequate therapeutic treatments have made the spread of the virus a global concern. viral nucleocapsid protein (n) is essential for its transcription and replication. here, we present the crystal structures of n from sftsv and its homologs from buenaventura (bue) and granada (gra) viruses. the structures reveal that phleboviral n folds into a compact core dom ...201323576501
seroprevalence and risk factors for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection in jiangsu province, china, 2011.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts), which is caused by a novel bunyavirus, is an emerging infectious disease in china. in 2011, this new virus was designated as severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv). the aim of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of sftsv infection. the investigation was conducted among the general population in jiangsu province, china in 2011. a total of 2,510 serum samples were collected. testing by enzyme- ...201324343883
clinical and epidemiological study on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in yiyuan county, shandong province, china.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging infectious disease in china. polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect sfts virus (sftsv) and anaplasma phagocytophilum in previous clinically diagnosed human anaplasmosis patients and sfts patients. a serosurvey for sftsv infection was also conducted on healthy persons and animals in yiyuan county in shandong province of china. among 21 patients sftsv was detected in 17 (81%) however a. p ...201323339197
a two-tube multiplex real-time rt-pcr assay for the detection of four hemorrhagic fever viruses: severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, hantaan virus, seoul virus, and dengue virus.the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a two-tube multiplex real-time rt-pcr assay for the detection and identification of four viral hemorrhagic fever (vhf) pathogens, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv), hantaan virus (htnv), seoul virus (seov), and dengue virus (denv), from human clinical samples. the two-tube multiplex real-time rt-pcr assay we developed has a sensitivity of 10 copies/μl for each of the targets, and the performance was linear within the range ...201323532380
the pathogenesis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection in alpha/beta interferon knockout mice: insights into the pathologic mechanisms of a new viral hemorrhagic fever.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) is a newly discovered phlebovirus causing an emerging hemorrhagic fever in east asia, with reported case fatality rates up to 30%. despite the high case fatality rate and large number of persons at risk of infection, the pathobiology of the disease is unknown, and no effective animal model has been available for investigating its pathogenesis. we have studied mice and hamsters as potential small-animal models of sftsv infection following ...201324257618
systematic review of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: virology, epidemiology, and clinical characteristics.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) was firstly discovered in china in 2010, followed by several reports from many other countries worldwide. sfts virus (sftsv) has been identified as the causative agent of the disease and has been recognized as a public health threat. this novel bunyavirus belongs to the phlebovirus genus in the family bunyaviridae. this review also describes the different aspects of virology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical symptoms on the basis of the ...201324310908
a reported death case of a novel bunyavirus in shanghai, china.this paper describes the first case of infection with a recently described novel bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv), in shanghai, china. the case is originally from chizhou city, anhui province within an endemic area for sftsv. we describe the etiology, epidemiological characteristics, clinical diagnosis and treatment of this fatal case. this case is unique because major cause of death was renal failure, whereas other reported cases have been due to hemorrhage. ...201323758684
novel bunyavirus in domestic and captive farmed animals, minnesota, usa.we tested blood samples from domestic and captive farmed animals in minnesota, usa, to determine exposure to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus and heartland-like virus. we found antibodies against virus nucleoproteins in 10%-18% of samples from cattle, sheep, goats, deer, and elk in 24 minnesota counties.201323966016
the genome sequence of lone star virus, a highly divergent bunyavirus found in the amblyomma americanum tick.viruses in the family bunyaviridae infect a wide range of plant, insect, and animal hosts. tick-borne bunyaviruses in the phlebovirus genus, including severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) in china, heartland virus (hrtv) in the united states, and bhanja virus in eurasia and africa have been associated with acute febrile illness in humans. here we sought to characterize the growth characteristics and genome of lone star virus (lsv), an unclassified bunyavirus originally isola ...201323637969
clinical features and factors associated with severity and fatality among patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus infection in northeast china.in 2009, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) was identified as a novel member of the genus phlebovirus in the bunyaviridae family in china. the detailed clinical features of cases with sftsv infection have not been well described, and the risk factors for severity among patients and fatality among severe patients remain to be determined.201324236203
enhanced arbovirus surveillance with deep sequencing: identification of novel rhabdoviruses and bunyaviruses in australian mosquitoes.viral metagenomics characterizes known and identifies unknown viruses based on sequence similarities to any previously sequenced viral genomes. a metagenomics approach was used to identify virus sequences in australian mosquitoes causing cytopathic effects in inoculated mammalian cell cultures. sequence comparisons revealed strains of liao ning virus (reovirus, seadornavirus), previously detected only in china, livestock-infecting stretch lagoon virus (reovirus, orbivirus), two novel dimarhabdov ...201324314645
nonmuscle myosin heavy chain iia is a critical factor contributing to the efficiency of early infection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) is a novel phlebovirus in the bunyaviridae family. most patients infected by sftsv present with fever and thrombocytopenia, and up to 30% die due to multiple-organ dysfunction. the mechanisms by which sftsv enters multiple cell types are unknown. sftsv contains two species of envelope glycoproteins, gn (44.2 kda) and gc (56 kda), both of which are encoded by the m segment and are cleaved from a precursor polypeptide (about 116 kda) in the ...201324155382
characterization of the uukuniemi virus group (phlebovirus: bunyaviridae): evidence for seven distinct species.evolutionary insights into the phleboviruses are limited because of an imprecise classification scheme based on partial nucleotide sequences and scattered antigenic relationships. in this report, the serologic and phylogenetic relationships of the uukuniemi group viruses and their relationships with other recently characterized tick-borne phleboviruses are described using full-length genome sequences. we propose that the viruses currently included in the uukuniemi virus group be assigned to five ...201323283959
no detection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus from ixodid ticks collected in seoul.larvae, nymphs, and adult stages of 3 species of ixodid ticks were collected by tick drag methods in seoul during june-october 2013, and their infection status with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) virus was examined using rt-pcr. during the period, 732 haemaphysalis longicornis, 62 haemaphysalis flava, and 2 ixodes nipponensis specimens were collected. among the specimens of h. longicornis, the number of female adults, male adults, nymphs, and larvae were 53, 11, 240, and 446, ...201424850970
comprehensive molecular detection of tick-borne phleboviruses leads to the retrospective identification of taxonomically unassigned bunyaviruses and the discovery of a novel member of the genus phlebovirus.until the recent emergence of two human-pathogenic tick-borne phleboviruses (tbpvs) (severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus [sftsv] and heartland virus), tbpvs have been neglected as causative agents of human disease. in particular, no studies have addressed the global distribution of tbpvs, and consequently, our understanding of the mechanism(s) underlying their evolution and emergence remains poor. in order to provide a useful tool for the ecological and epidemiological study of tbp ...201425339769
development of a colloidal gold kit for the diagnosis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection.it is critical to develop a cost-effective detection kit for rapid diagnosis and on-site detection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) infection. here, an immunochromatographic assay (ica) to detect sftsv infection is described. the ica uses gold nanoparticles coated with recombinant sftsv for the simultaneous detection of igg and igm antibodies to sftsv. the ica was developed and evaluated by using positive sera samples of sftsv infection (n = 245) collected from the cd ...201424826381
hijacking of rig-i signaling proteins into virus-induced cytoplasmic structures correlates with the inhibition of type i interferon responses.recognition of viral pathogens by the retinoic acid-inducible gene i (rig-i)-like receptor (rlr) family results in the activation of type i interferon (ifn) responses. to avoid this response, most viruses have evolved strategies that target different essential steps in the activation of host innate immunity. in this study, we report that the nonstructural protein nss of the newly described severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) is a potent inhibitor of ifn responses. the sftsv ...201424478431
[prevalence and homology analysis on human and animals severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection in yantai of shandong province].to learn the prevalence of infection of human and animals severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (sftsv) in yantai, shandong province, and to analyze the pathogenic features of sftsv as well as its relationship between human and animal hosts.201425059360
seroprevalence of antibodies against sfts virus infection in farmers and animals, jiangsu, china.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is a newly identified viral zoonosis caused by a phlebovirus. most reported sfts cases are farmers living in rural areas. the seroprevalence of sfts virus in farmers has not been investigated. the current knowledge of sfts virus seroprevalence in animals, especially in wild animals, is still poor.201424793967
a cross-sectional survey of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection of domestic animals in laizhou city, shandong province, china.a serosurvey of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) infection in domestic animals was conducted in the rural areas of laizhou city, shandong province, china to determine strategies for control and prevention of sfts. serum samples were collected from cattle, goats, dogs, pigs, and chickens and antibodies against sftsv were detected by double-antigen sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). of 641 serum samples, the sftsv seropositive rate was 41.8% (268/641): 74. ...201424451093
seroprevalence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in southeastern china and analysis of risk factors.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) has been prevalent for some time in china and it was first identified in 2010. however, the seroprevalence of sftsv in the general population in southeastern china and risk factors associated with the infection are currently unclear. blood samples were collected from seven counties across zhejiang province and tested for the presence of sftsv-specific igg antibodies by elisa. a total of 1380 blood samples were collected of which 5·51% wer ...201424866248
characterization of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in rural regions of zhejiang, china.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) infections have recently been found in rural regions of zhejiang. a severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) surveillance and sero-epidemiological investigation was conducted in the districts with outbreaks. during the study period of 2011-2014, a total of 51 sftsv infection cases were identified and the case fatality rate was 12% (6/51). ninety two percent of the patients (47/51) were over 50 years of age, and 63% (32/51) of la ...201425356556
reverse genetics system for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) is an emerging tick-borne pathogen that was first reported in china in 2009. phylogenetic analysis of the viral genome showed that sfts virus represents a new lineage within the phlebovirus genus, distinct from the existing sandfly fever and uukuniemi virus groups, in the family bunyaviridae. sfts disease is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms, chills, joint pain, myalgia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, and some hemorrhagic mani ...201425552716
malsoor virus, a novel bat phlebovirus, is closely related to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus and heartland virus.during a survey in the year 2010, a novel phlebovirus was isolated from the rousettus leschenaultii species of bats in western india. the virus was identified by electron microscopy from infected vero e6 cells. phylogenic analysis of the complete genome showed its close relation to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) and heartland viruses, which makes it imperative to further study its natural ecology and potential as a novel emerging zoonotic virus.201424390329
severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, shandong province, china, 2011.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging infectious disease in china. the incidence and clinical and laboratory characteristics of sfts are not clearly defined. during may 22-october 2, 2011, a total of 24 patients with fever, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia were clinically diagnosed as having sfts in yiyuan county, shandong province, china. we conducted laboratory tests for these sfts patients. sfts virus (sftsv) infection was confirmed in 22 patients by using reverse ...201424378074
antibodies against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in healthy persons, china, 2013.in june 2013, a subclinical infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) was detected in zhejiang province, china, prompting seroprevalence studies in 6 districts within the province. of 986 healthy persons tested, 71 had igg antibodies against sftsv. this finding suggests that most natural infections with sftsv are mild or subclinical.201425061813
sensitive and specific pcr systems for detection of both chinese and japanese severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus strains and prediction of patient survival based on viral load.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging infectious disease with a high case fatality risk and is caused by the sfts virus (sftsv). a retrospective study conducted after the first identification of an sfts patient in japan revealed that sfts is endemic to the region, and the virus exists indigenously in japan. since the nucleotide sequence of japanese sftsv strains contains considerable differences compared with that of chinese strains, there is an urgent need to establi ...201424989600
novel phlebovirus with zoonotic potential isolated from ticks, australia.recently discovered tick-borne phleboviruses have been associated with severe disease and death among persons in asia and the united states. we report the discovery of a novel tick phlebovirus in tasmania state, australia, that is closely related to those zoonotic viruses found in asia and north america.201424856477
person-to-person asymptomatic infection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus through blood contact.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging infectious disease recently discovered in northeastern and central china that is caused by a novel bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv). humans are primarily infected through tick bites. four previous reports have discussed sfts infection from person to person, all cases of which were symptomatic. in this report, we analysed the epidemiological and clinical data for a cluster of cases, including on ...201424739616
viral suppression of innate immunity via spatial isolation of tbk1/ikkε from mitochondrial antiviral platform.for antiviral signaling mediated by retinoic acid-inducible gene i (rig-i)-like receptors (rlrs), the recruitment of cytosolic rlrs and downstream molecules (such as tbk1 and ikkε) to mitochondrial platform is a central event that facilitates the establishment of host antiviral state. here, we present an example of viral targeting for immune evasion through spatial isolation of tbk1/ikkε from mitochondrial antiviral platform, which was employed by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome viru ...201424706939
prevalence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in haemaphysalis longicornis ticks in south korea.haemaphysalis longicornis a vector that harbors severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) is a major species of tick in south korea. to investigate the existence and prevalence of sftsv in korea, we collected ticks from nine provinces in south korea for detecting sftsv. in all, we collected 13,053 ticks, and h. longicornis (90.8%, 11,856/13,053) was the most abundant among them. the minimum infection rate (mir) of sftsv in h. longicornis was 0.46% (55 pools). sftsv was detected i ...201425164614
identification of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in ticks collected from patients.the cases of two patients (a husband and wife) with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) are reported herein. both patients had a history of recent tick bite and displayed typical clinical sfts symptoms including fever, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia. the diagnosis was laboratory-confirmed by the provincial center for disease control and prevention (cdc). the husband died while the wife survived. sfts virus was eventually identified in ticks collected from the couple.201425448336
effects of ribavirin on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in vitro.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is a disease with a high case fatality rate that is caused by infection with the recently identified tick-borne sfts virus (sftsv), for which there are no specific countermeasures. we examined the effects of ribavirin and mizoribine, which are nucleoside analogue drugs with broad antiviral activities, on sftsv proliferation in vitro. when 3 cell lines were treated with these drugs before and during infection with a chinese sftsv strain, the 99% ...201425410555
mild clinical course of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection in an elderly japanese patient.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging infectious and hemorrhagic disease recently described in china and western japan. a 71-year-old healthy japanese woman noticed a tick biting her after harvesting in an orchard and removed it herself. she developed diarrhea, anorexia, and chills eight days later. because these symptoms continued, she visited a primary care physician 6 days after the onset. laboratory data revealed thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, and elevated live ...201425574405
roles of viroplasm-like structures formed by nonstructural protein nss in infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) virus is an emerging bunyavirus that causes a hemorrhagic fever with a high mortality rate. the virus is likely tick-borne and replicates primarily in hemopoietic cells, which may lead to disregulation of proinflammatory cytokine induction and loss of leukocytes and platelets. the viral genome contains l, m, and s segments encoding a viral rna polymerase, glycoproteins g(n) and g(c), nucleoprotein (np), and a nonstructural s segment (nss) protei ...201424599967
novel bunyavirus in domestic and captive farmed animals, minnesota, usa. 201424447797
[severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus nucleoprotein specifically binds to 60kd ssa/ro protein in host cells].this study aims to investigate whether the nucleoprotein (np) of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) can impact the cellular immunity of host cells. gene segments that encode the np and non-structural protein (nss) of sftsv were inserted into eukaryotic expression vector vr1012. host proteins that interact with np and affect immunity were identified with co-immunoprecipitation (ip), sds-page, mass spectrometry (ms), and western blot. co-localization of np and the identified ...201425118376
[infection of the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in balb/c mice and hamsters].the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) is the causative pathogen of an emerging infectious disease severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and a new member in the genus phlebovirus of family bunyaviridae. immune responses and pathological lesions in sftsv-infected balb/c mice and hamsters were evaluated by inoculation of sftsv at 105 tcid50 or 103 tcid50 per animal through four different routes of infection, including intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, and in ...201526524910
phylogenetic and geographic relationships of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in china, south korea, and japan.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is a tick-borne acute infectious disease caused by the sfts virus (sftsv). sfts has been reported in china, south korea, and japan as a novel bunyavirus. although several molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic studies have been performed, the information obtained was limited, because the analyses included no or only a small number of sftsv strains from japan.201525762790
the first human infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in shaanxi province, china.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging infectious disease discovered in china in 2009. in july 2013, the first human infection with sfts virus (sftsv) was detected in shaanxi province, western china.201525722283
suppression of type i and type iii ifn signalling by nss protein of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus through inhibition of stat1 phosphorylation and activation.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) is an emerging tick-borne pathogen causing significant morbidity and mortality in asia. nss protein of sftsv is known to perturb type i ifn induction and signalling, but the mechanism remains to be fully understood. here, we showed the suppression of both type i and type iii ifn signalling by sftsv nss protein is mediated through inhibition of stat1 phosphorylation and activation. infection with live sftsv or expression of nss potently su ...201526353965
probable aerosol transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in southeastern china.some clusters of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) infection were reported in china as of 2010. however, to date, there has been no epidemiologic evidence of aerosol transmission of sftsv. epidemiologic investigations were conducted after a cluster of 13 cases of sftsv in may 2014. a total of 13 cases, including 11 confirmed cases and one clinically diagnosed case, were identified besides the case of the index patient. the index patient experienced onset of sftsv on 23 ap ...201526255811
severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus-related human encephalitis.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel bunyavirus. until recently, sftsv-associated encephalitis remained largely uninvestigated.201525135231
[development of human antibodies against the gn protein of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus].to obtain human antibodies against the gn protein of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) with phage display technology, this study aimed to screen anti-gn protein antibodies from an anti-sftsv fab human phage display library. antibody genes were identified by sequence analysis and the specificity of antibodies was confirmed by elisa. the fab antibody genes were cloned into the hl51-14 vector and expressed in a mammalian cell expression system. igg antibodies were then purif ...201525997326
sfts virus infection in nonhuman primates.sfts virus (sftsv) is a highly pathogenic bunyavirus that causes severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts), an emerging infectious disease in china. laboratory mice have been reported to be susceptible to sftsv infection, but the infection in nonhuman primates has not been investigated. this study is the first to report that, in rhesus macaques, sftsv does not cause severe symptoms or death but causes fever, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, and increased levels of transaminases and myo ...201525326554
coated glass slides tacas are applicable to heat-assisted immunostaining and in situ hybridization at the electron microscopy level.we performed pre-embedding electron microscopic study for visualizing the antigen and genome of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) virus in the cytoplasm of macrophages of the human splenic red pulp, both requesting preheating treatment of sections. to pursue this, coated glass slides with unique characteristics are needed. namely, during staining they must prevent detaching off sections, but after staining the sections must be transferred to epoxy resin. aminopropyltriexoxysilan ...201526633907
combination effects of ribavirin and interferons on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an acute infectious disease caused by sfts virus and characterized by a high case fatality rate. currently, there is no effective therapy for the disease. while the administration of ribavirin does not improve the case fatality rate or viral load in patient blood, it can inhibit viral infection in vitro.201526527529
a study of seroprevalence and rates of asymptomatic viremia of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus among chinese blood donors.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv), an emerging tick-borne pathogen that can cause fatal severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, was first identified in china in 2009. limited evidence suggests that sftsv can be transmitted between humans via blood contact, raising concerns over transfusion safety. a study of donor samples from three chinese blood centers was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence and rate of sftsv viremia among chinese blood donors.201525496479
clinical and laboratory characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in chinese patients.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) associated with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) is an emerging infectious disease. 12 patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in our study were presented mainly with fever and severe malaise. the clinical manifestations typically became worse on the 6th or 7th day. the average fever time is 9.11 ± 1.54 days. most of them had multiorgan dysfunction, and part of them had hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosi ...201524076112
host responses and regulation by nfκb signaling in the liver and liver epithelial cells infected with a novel tick-borne bunyavirus.infection in humans by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv), a novel bunyavirus transmitted by ticks, is often associated with pronounced liver damage, especially in fatal cases. little has been known, however, about how liver cells respond to sftsv and how the response is regulated. in this study we report that proinflammatory cytokines were induced in liver tissues of c57/bl6 mice infected with sftsv, which may cause tissue necrosis in mice. human liver epithelial cells we ...201526134299
efficacy of the mirasol pathogen reduction technology system against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv).severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) is a tickborne virus in the bunyaviridae family. this virus has recently been found in china, japan and korea. the risk of transfusion-transmitted sftsv infection (tti-sftsv) is a concern because person-to-person transmission resulting from contact with sftsv-contaminated blood has been reported. therefore, we investigated the efficacy of the mirasol pathogen reduction technology (prt) system for inactivating sftsv in vitro. the mirasol p ...201526031768
full-genome sequences of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, isolated from south korea in 2014.here, we present the full-length genome sequencing of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) virus, isolated from south korea in 2014. the five korean strains were compared by phylogenetic analysis with full sfts genome sequences of two neighboring nations, china and japan.201525883276
development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed against the nucleoprotein of heartland virus.heartland virus (hrtv), a phlebovirus first isolated from two missouri farmers in 2009, has been proposed to be transmitted to humans by the bite of infected amblyomma americanum ticks. it is closely related to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) from china, another previously unrecognized phlebovirus that has subsequently been associated with hundreds of cases of severe disease in humans. to expand diagnostic capacity to detect hrtv infections, 20 hybridoma clones secretin ...201526503274
generation of mutant uukuniemi viruses lacking the nonstructural protein nss by reverse genetics indicates that nss is a weak interferon antagonist.uukuniemi virus (uukv) is a tick-borne member of the phlebovirus genus (family bunyaviridae) and has been widely used as a safe laboratory model to study aspects of bunyavirus replication. recently, a number of new tick-borne phleboviruses have been discovered, some of which, like severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus and heartland virus, are highly pathogenic in humans. uukv could now serve as a useful comparator to understand the molecular basis for the different pathogenicities of ...201525673721
epidemiological survey of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in ticks in nagasaki, japan.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging disease endemic in east asia. transmitted to other organisms by infected ticks, the sfts virus (sftsv) and is endemic to nagasaki in western japan. however, epidemiological information regarding sftsv in nagasaki ticks has not been available to date. in this study, we began by examining the sensitivities of sftsv gene detection by real-time rt-pcr and virus isolation in cultured cells and mice. these methods could detect sftsv in ...201526543390
first detection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in the tick species haemaphysalis concinna in shandong province, china.the aim of this study was to detect severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) infection using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification in adult haemaphysalis concinna ticks. a total of 72 adult h. concinna ticks were obtained from 35 goats, three adult h. concinna ticks (4.17 %) collected from two goats were found to be infected with sftsv via pcr assay. sequence analysis showed that the partial segment m glycoprotein gene of sftsv was about 500 bases long by polymerase chai ...201526350381
application of recombinant severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus nucleocapsid protein for the detection of sftsv-specific human igg and igm antibodies by indirect elisa.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging disease that was first reported in china in 2011. it is caused by sfts virus (sftsv) which is a member of the phlebovirus genus in the bunyaviridae family. sftsv has been classified as a bsl3 pathogen. there is a need to develop safe and affordable serodiagnostic methods for proper clinical management of infected patients.201526239826
sfts virus in ticks in an endemic area of china.in total, 3,145 ticks of the species haemaphysalis longicornis (3,048; 96.9%), r. microplus (82; 2.6%), h. campanulata (9; 0.3%), and dermacentor sinicus (5; 0.2%) were collected from animals and vegetation at yantai in shandong province. both adult and immature ticks were obtained, and all ticks collected from vegetation were unfed. eggs were obtained from 22 blood-fed female ticks through maintenance at room temperature after collection. severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv ...201525711611
disruption of type i interferon signaling by the nonstructural protein of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus via the hijacking of stat2 and stat1 into inclusion bodies.the type i interferon (ifn) system, including ifn induction and signaling, is the critical component of the host defense line against viral infection, which, in turn, is also a vulnerable target for viral immune evasion. severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) is an emerging bunyavirus. previous data have shown that sftsv can interfere with the early induction of type i ifns through targeting host kinases tbk1/ikkε. in this study, we demonstrated that sftsv also can suppress ty ...201525631085
genetic susceptibility is one of the determinants for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection and fatal outcome: an epidemiological investigation.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging infectious disease in china and case-fatality rate of sfts is very high (approximately 10%). however, genetic susceptibility for sfts virus (sftsv) infection and fatal outcome of sftsv infection in humans are unclear. in this study, we investigated the clinical, laboratory and epidemiological features of sfts in a cluster of three sisters who died of sftsv infection between late april and mid-may 2014. before disease onset, two of ...201526207638
phylogenetic analysis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in south korea and migratory bird routes between china, south korea, and japan.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is a tick-borne viral disease. the sfts virus (sftsv) has been detected in the haemaphysalis longicornis, which acts as a transmission host between animals and humans. sftsv was first confirmed in china in 2009 and has also been circulating in japan and south korea. however, it is not known if a genetic connection exists between the viruses in these regions and, if so, how sftsv is transmitted across china, south korea, and japan. we therefore h ...201526033016
experimental and natural infections of goats with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus: evidence for ticks as viral vector.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv), the causative agent for the fatal life-threatening infectious disease, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts), was first identified in the central and eastern regions of china. although the viral rna was detected in free-living and parasitic ticks, the vector for sftsv remains unsettled.201526485390
ecology of the tick-borne phlebovirus causing severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in an endemic area of china.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is caused by sfts virus (sftsv), a tick-borne phlebovirus in family bunyaviridae. studies have found that humans, domestic and wildlife animals can be infected by sftsv. however, the viral ecology, circulation, and transmission remain largely unknown.201627035712
phylogeographic analysis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus from zhoushan islands, china: implication for transmission across the ocean.from june 2011 to august 2014, 21 cases of infection by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (sftsv) were confirmed in zhoushan islands in the eastern coast of china. to identify the source of sftsv in zhoushan islands, the whole sftsv genomes were amplified and sequenced from 17 of 21 patients. the l, m, and s genomic segments of these sftsv strains were phylogenetically analyzed together with those of 188 sftsv strains available from genbank. phylogenetic analysis demonstrate ...201626806841
spatial analysis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in china using a geographically weighted logistic regression model.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv), which has had a serious impact on public health in parts of asia. there is no specific antiviral drug or vaccine for sftsv and, therefore, it is important to determine the factors that influence the occurrence of sftsv infections. this study aimed to explore the spatial associations between sftsv infections and several potential determinants, and to predict the high-risk are ...201627845737
characterization of glycoprotein-mediated entry of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging hemorrhagic fever with a high case fatality rate caused by sfts virus (sftsv). effective vaccines and specific therapies for sfts are urgently sought, and investigation into virus-host cell interactions is expected to contribute to the development of antiviral strategies. in this study, we have developed a pseudotype vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) bearing the unmodified gn/gc glycoproteins (gps) of sftsv (sftsvpv). we have analy ...201626984731
seroepidemiological evidence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infections in wild boars in nagasaki, japan.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging disease in east asia. it is thought that the sfts virus (sftsv) circulates between ticks and animals in nature and that the virus is transmitted to humans by tick bites. sfts is endemic to nagasaki in western japan; however, epidemiological information regarding sftsv in nagasaki is not known. in this study, we performed sftsv igg elisas and neutralization antibody assays for a seroepidemiological survey using samples from wild bo ...201627433125
severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus antigen detection using monoclonal antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is a tick-borne infectious disease with a high case fatality rate, and is caused by the sfts virus (sftsv). sfts is endemic to china, south korea, and japan. the viral rna level in sera of patients with sfts is known to be strongly associated with outcomes. virological sfts diagnosis with high sensitivity and specificity are required in disease endemic areas.201627045364
molecular evolution and spatial transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus based on complete genome sequences.severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) was a novel tick-borne bunyavirus that caused hemorrhagic fever with a high fatality rate in east asia. in this study we analyzed the complete genome sequences of 122 sftsv strains to determine the phylogeny, evolution and reassortment of the virus. we revealed that the evolutionary rate of three genome segments were different, with highest in the s segment and lowest in the l segment. the sftsv strains were phylogenetically classified in ...201626999664
phleboviruses and the type i interferon response.the genus phlebovirus of the family bunyaviridae contains a number of emerging virus species which pose a threat to both human and animal health. most prominent members include rift valley fever virus (rvfv), sandfly fever naples virus (sfnv), sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv), toscana virus (tosv), punta toro virus (ptv), and the two new members severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) and heartland virus (hrtv). the nonstructural protein nss is well established as the main p ...201627338447
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