| rabies surveillance in the united states during 1992. | in 1992, 49 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 8,644 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 1 case in a human being to the centers for disease control and prevention. almost 92% (7,912 cases) were wild animals, the largest number of wild animals ever reported, whereas 8.5% (732 cases) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases increased 23.9% over that of 1991 (6,975 cases), with most of the increase resulting from continued spread of rabies in raccoons. t ... | 1993 | 8307825 |
| a genetic marker and family history study of the upstate new york multiple sclerosis cluster. | we report nine additional cases of new-onset multiple sclerosis (ms) among employees of an upstate new york manufacturing plant that uses zinc as a primary metal. these cases, identified during the decade 1980 to 1989, had clinical onset of the disease between 1979 and 1987. the new cases confirm the increased incidence of ms previously reported in the plant population for the 1970 to 1979 decade. the ms subjects in this occupationally based cluster do not seem different from other ms patients w ... | 1994 | 8309585 |
| aids risk reduction among a multiethnic sample of urban high school students. | to evaluate the effectiveness of a teacher-delivered curriculum in favorably modifying acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)--related knowledge and beliefs, self-efficacy related to aids-preventive actions, and involvement in aids risk behaviors among an eligible population of 1316 new york city high school students. | 1993 | 8336374 |
| james ewing (1866-1943): "the chief". | "it is a growing conviction that to know cancer in man, one must study the disease most carefully in the human subject. personally, i do not look for any startling advances or sensational discoveries, since it is much more likely that a steady reduction in the mortality from cancer will come chiefly from a large number of separate factors, of which the most significant appear to be increased control of the conditions leading to cancer, more general recognition of the preliminary stages of the di ... | 1993 | 8341219 |
| breast and cervical cancer screening of poor, elderly, black women: clinical results and implications. harlem study team. | our objective is to describe the clinical findings from a nurse-practitioner-based breast and cervical cancer screening program for poor, elderly, black women. we designed a cross-sectional descriptive study set at an urban public hospital medical clinic. all women 65 years of age and older were eligible to be screened. we measured these main outcomes: rates of participation, abnormal tests, and neoplasia. women were offered screening during a routine visit. of 689 women, 491 (71%) participated. ... | 1993 | 8347363 |
| tuberculosis symposium: emerging problems and promise. | between 1985 and 1991, 39,000 cases of tuberculosis occurred in excess of those expected based on previous trends. immigration from high-prevalence countries, coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), and outbreaks in congregative facilities are most responsible for the increase. coincident with the increase in tuberculosis, outbreaks of multidrug resistant (mdr) tuberculosis have occurred. clinical and epidemiologic data support nosocomial transmission. mdr tuberculosis occurred late ... | 1993 | 8354898 |
| survival and mortality patterns of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) cohort in new york state. | the survival experience and causes of death of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients were studied using a cohort of 3,699 aids patients in new york state, excluding new york city, whose illness was diagnosed before january 1990 at age 13 years or older. the median length of survival for all cases was 11.5 months, and survival increased over time from 5.3 months pre-1984 to 9.3 months in 1984-1986 and to 13.2 months in 1987-1989. in a cox proportional hazards model, risk of dying was ... | 1993 | 8356973 |
| relative importance of bird species as hosts for immature ixodes dammini (acari: ixodidae) in a suburban residential landscape of southern new york state. | abundance of birds and their tick parasites were estimated in a residential community located in westchester county, ny, where lyme disease is endemic. in total, 36 bird species (416 captures) were collected, of which 25 species (69%) were parasitized by ticks. ixodes dammini spielman, clifford, piesman & corwin composed 96.4% of the 1,067 ticks found on birds. the bird species most heavily parasitized was house wren, troglodytes aedon vieillot (11.1 ixodes dammini per bird). relative density es ... | 1993 | 8360897 |
| the distribution of canine exposure to borrelia burgdorferi in a lyme-disease endemic area. | a serosurvey of canine exposure to borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of human lyme disease, was conducted in westchester county, new york, to determine the distribution of exposure in an area endemic for lyme disease. | 1993 | 8363007 |
| cancer incidence trends in women at high risk of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. | to determine the types and rates of tumors which may be associated with hiv infection in women, we used cancer incidence data from new york and northern new jersey. we examined changes in incidence of selected cancers in women aged 20-49 years and compared groups differing in incidence of aids. black women were compared to white women in new york city and in the remainder of new york state; for cervical cancer, rates were also compared for blacks and whites in northern new jersey. the incidence ... | 1993 | 8370617 |
| the emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis in new york city. | in the past decade the incidence of tuberculosis has increased nationwide and more than doubled in new york city, where there have been recent nosocomial outbreaks of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. | 1993 | 8381207 |
| utilization of on-site primary care services by hiv-seropositive and seronegative drug users in a methadone maintenance program. | the feasibility of on-site primary care services and their use by human immunodeficiency virus hiv-seropositive and seronegative injecting drug users within an outpatient methadone maintenance program are examined. a 16-month prospective study was conducted within an ongoing cohort study of hiv infection at a new york city methadone program with on-site primary care services. the study group consisted of 212 seropositive and 264 seronegative drug injectors. a computerized medical encounter data ... | 1993 | 8393579 |
| a performance-based incentive program for influenza immunization in the elderly. | our objective was to implement and evaluate performance-based reimbursement for influenza immunization of the elderly in physician offices. we performed a community-based quasi-experiment with historic and concurrent comparisons, using primary care physician offices in monroe county, new york. participants in the intervention group included 53 primary care physicians admitting to one hospital, and the comparison group included 82 primary care physicians admitting to other hospitals. all physicia ... | 1993 | 8398226 |
| age at aids diagnosis for children with perinatally acquired hiv. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) can be transmitted from mother to child in utero, during birth, or after birth through breast milk. while the majority of children born to hiv-positive mothers are not infected, almost all carry maternal antibodies. the number of maternal or perinatal exposures can be determined by screening all newborns for these antibodies, while maintaining the anonymity of mother and child. combining newborn screening results with traditional surveillance data from new ... | 1993 | 8410670 |
| pleurodynia among football players at a high school. an outbreak associated with coxsackievirus b1. | enteroviral outbreaks involving athletic teams have been described, although the mode of transmission has been unclear. in september 1991, an outbreak of pleurodynia among high school football players provided an opportunity to identify possible modes of transmission. | 1993 | 8411604 |
| human rabies--new york, 1993. | in august 1993, a fatal case of human rabies in an 11-year-old girl was reported to the new york state department of health; this was the first indigenously acquired fatal case diagnosed in new york in 39 years. this report summarizes the investigation of this case. | 1993 | 8413167 |
| human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity in adolescents with syphilis. | the purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection among inner-city, minority group adolescents. | 1993 | 8414857 |
| the risk of exposure of third-year surgical clerks to human immunodeficiency virus in the operating room. | the exposure of third-year medical students to blood and blood products in the operating room was assessed with a questionnaire distributed at the end of their clerkship in surgery. sixty-six (68%) of ninety-seven students reported having been exposed to blood in the operating room during their 3-month rotation in surgery. during the year there was a decrease in the exposure rate that correlated with the students' knowledge of universal precautions (r = .96). consistent with this observation was ... | 1993 | 8418778 |
| ethical and social issues in organ procurement for transplantation. | | 1993 | 8429950 |
| hla-dq associations distinguish insulin-resistant and insulin-sensitive variants of niddm in black americans. | niddm in black americans exists as two variants: one with a primary defect in insulin action (insulin-resistant variant) and the other with normal insulin action and a primary defect in insulin secretion (insulin-sensitive variant). the objective of this study was to determine whether these two variants were genetically distinct from each other and from normal control subjects as determined by hla typing. | 1993 | 8432213 |
| canine exposure to borrelia burgdorferi and prevalence of ixodes dammini (acari: ixodidae) on deer as a measure of lyme disease risk in the northeastern united states. | surveillance programs that identify areas where both the vector (ixodes dammini) and etiologic agent (borrelia burgdorferi) are present may identify the risk of lyme disease and its spread earlier and more accurately than do programs relying on any single method, particularly human case reports. hunter-killed deer (n = 1,204) from 22 counties in maryland, massachusetts, new hampshire, new york, and pennsylvania were examined in fall 1989 and all ectoparasites were identified. the following sprin ... | 1993 | 8433324 |
| the underrecognition of hiv infection in women in an inner-city emergency room. | this study analyzed the recognition of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and associated factors in women and men attending an emergency room in the bronx, new york, ny. | 1993 | 8438973 |
| bronchogenic carcinoma in young patients at risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | several case reports have suggested that bronchogenic carcinoma occurs more frequently in young patients who are human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seropositive. we investigated the incidence of bronchogenic carcinoma and its clinical presentations in young patients at risk for hiv infection. the tumor registry of bellevue hospital was reviewed, and 261 cases of bronchogenic carcinoma during the period from 1976 to 1979 (pre-aids period) and 232 during the period from 1987 to 1990 (aids period) ... | 1993 | 8449082 |
| effects of aids-related bereavement and hiv-related illness on psychological distress among gay men: a 7-year longitudinal study, 1985-1991. | in this study we examined the influence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-related bereavement on psychological distress from 1985 through 1991. we predicted that this relation would be influenced by personal knowledge of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and symptoms consistent with hiv-related illness. interview data collected each year on a cohort of 746 gay men included information on the deaths and illnesses of network members caused by aids, as well as on psychological ... | 1993 | 8450113 |
| trends in the first ten years of aids in new york city. the new york city department of health aids surveillance team. | with over 37,000 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) reported by the end of 1991, new york city had reported nearly 20% of all us cases in the first decade of the aids epidemic. this report examines cases diagnosed through 1990 and reported through 1991 to describe rates and trends in the affected subpopulations. case data were collected by the new york city department of health aids surveillance team, using a format standardized by the federal centers for disease control. deaths ... | 1993 | 8452116 |
| depressive symptoms in blood donors notified of hiv infection. | understanding more about the psychological state of persons notified of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection is critical for designing notification and counseling programs that will have the most positive effect. | 1993 | 8460730 |
| prevalence of hiv infection among psychiatric patients in a new york city men's shelter. | we report on the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection among psychiatric patients in a new york city shelter for homeless men. we reviewed the records of all 90 men discharged from the shelter psychiatry program to community housing over a 2-year period. hiv serostatus was recorded for 62 of the 90 men. of these 62, 12 (19.4%) were positive. there were 28 men whose serostatus was not recorded. data on the hiv risk behaviors of these 28 men suggested that seroprevalence could ... | 1993 | 8460736 |
| human immunodeficiency virus-infected adolescents: the first 50 patients in a new york city program. | to address the unique manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) among adolescents aged 13 through 21 years, a comprehensive evaluation and treatment program for high-risk and hiv-positive adolescents was developed in new york city in 1987. among hiv-infected youth, mean age of testing was 18.2 years. one third of the hiv-positive patients were female and four fifths were african-american or hispanic. no significant differences were found between hiv-positive (n = 50) and hiv-negative ... | 1993 | 8464659 |
| development of the new york state nutrition surveillance program. | new york state established a nutrition surveillance program (nsp) in 1984. precedents for the program included the pediatric nutrition surveillance system of the public health service's centers for disease control and prevention and periodic food and nutrition surveys conducted by the national center for health statistics and the human nutrition information service, department of agriculture. the first phase of nsp was connected to a new program, the supplemental nutrition assistance program (sn ... | 1993 | 8464981 |
| facilitating support groups for professionals working with people with aids. | social workers, nurses, and other health care professionals who work with people with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) are experiencing burnout from the excessive demands on their energy, strength, and resources. support groups, with their focus on awareness, shared experiences, supportive and helping relationships, and the emotional consequences of working with people with aids, help health care professionals manage stress and enhance their capaci ... | 1993 | 8480244 |
| workplace issues. aids update. | | 1993 | 8482396 |
| epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection among homosexual men participating in hepatitis b vaccine trials in amsterdam, new york city, and san francisco, 1978-1990. | homosexual/bisexual men from amsterdam, the netherlands, new york, new york, and san francisco, california, were entered into trials of the efficacy of hepatitis b vaccine shortly before the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) epidemic was recognized (1978-1980). the authors analyzed data, including serial blood samples tested for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) as well as demographic and behavioral information, to characterize the spread of hiv-1 infection within t ... | 1993 | 8484382 |
| new york city's tuberculosis control efforts: the historical limitations of the "war on consumption". | new york city began america's first campaign to control tuberculosis in 1893, and the disease declined until the 1970s. throughout the 20th century, new york relied on three control strategies: screening, supervised therapy, and detention of noncompliant persons. officials consistently identified the persistent foci of tuberculosis to be minorities and the poor, and they concentrated efforts among these populations. recently, however, in the setting of rising human immunodeficiency virus infecti ... | 1993 | 8484467 |
| commentary: tuberculosis in new york city--the consequences and lessons of failure. | the resurgent tuberculosis epidemic represents--especially in new york city--a failure to maintain a public health infrastructure that was focused on preventing active disease in high-risk populations (i.e., individuals with the human immunodeficiency virus [hiv]) and on treating active tuberculosis patients until cured. although the tuberculosis problem in new york city and other localities is worsened by homelessness, poverty, and substance abuse, it is possible to bring tuberculosis under con ... | 1993 | 8484468 |
| differences between men and women with hiv-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: experience from 3,070 cases in new york city in 1987. | although women make up the fastest growing group of persons with aids, studies of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected persons reported to date have included predominantly or exclusively men. we evaluated sex differences in sociodemographic characteristics, hospital characteristics, in-hospital resource use, and short-term mortality rates for 2,526 men and 544 women admitted for their first-episode of hiv-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in new york city in 1987. compared with ... | 1993 | 8496791 |
| locational returns to human capital: minority access to suburban community resources. | the suburbanization of racial and ethnic minorities is analyzed in terms of the locational resources provided by their communities of residence. in suburbs in the new york cmsa, non-hispanic whites and asians, on average, live in communities with higher average socioeconomic status, while hispanics and blacks live in the less desirable suburbs. models predicting suburban socioeconomic status for each racial/ethnic group show that whites and hispanics receive consistent returns on income, accultu ... | 1993 | 8500639 |
| hiv infection as leading cause of death among young adults in us cities and states. | to describe the extent to which human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection has become the leading cause of death among young adults (25 to 44 years of age) in us states and cities of at least 100,000 population. | 1993 | 8501840 |
| hiv prevention through case management for hiv-infected persons--selected sites, united states, 1989-1992. | transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection can be prevented through hiv-prevention case management--a one-on-one client service specifically designed to assist hiv-infected persons in receiving services that will prevent or reduce behaviors that result in further spread of the virus, delay the onset of symptomatic hiv disease, and improve the client's health status. this approach enables hiv-infected persons to enter a stable, ongoing medical-care system and supports prevention ... | 1993 | 8502220 |
| a flexible information management system. better information management means increased productivity. | while the finite details and program listings have been purposely excluded, the system described in the preceding text provides the basis for a relatively inexpensive equipment management system. the biomedical engineering department at rochester general hospital has utilized this system to increase productivity levels by nearly 15% since implementation in early 1990. with a seven-member technical staff this increase in productivity translated into the addition of approximately 2,100 man-hours i ... | 1993 | 8513384 |
| project connect: an interagency partnership to confront new challenges facing at-risk women and children in new york city. | project connect is a new york state--new york city collaborative venture to facilitate access to, coordinate and expand the delivery of health and human services, during the perinatal period to women and children in the three areas of new york city with the highest rates of morbidity and mortality. based on the concept of comprehensive case management, connect coordinates diverse providers around existing resources. services implemented by community-based case managers for families in need inclu ... | 1993 | 8514908 |
| control of influenza in nursing homes. | | 1996 | 8537602 |
| factors associated with cytomegalovirus infection among human immunodeficiency virus type 1-seronegative and -seropositive women from an urban minority community. | cytomegalovirus (cmv) seroprevalence and genital tract shedding in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-seronegative and hiv-seropositive women from an urban minority community were investigated. cmv seropositivity was high in both groups: 181 (95.2%) of 190 hiv-negative and 158 (90.3%) of 175 hiv-positive subjects. cervicovaginal shedding was detected in 8 (4.4%) cmv-positive hiv-negative subjects and 31 (19.6%) hiv-positive subjects (odds ratio [or], 5.28; p < .001). multiple logistic regression ... | 1996 | 8537686 |
| health effects of outdoor air pollution. committee of the environmental and occupational health assembly of the american thoracic society. | particles, sox, and acid aerosols are a complex group of distinct pollutants that have common sources and usually covary in concentration. during the past two decades, the chemical characteristics and the geographic distribution of sulfur oxide and particulate pollution have been altered by control strategies, specifically taller stacks for power plants, put in place in response to air pollution regulations adopted in the early 1970s. while the increasing stack heights have lowered local ambient ... | 1996 | 8542133 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | disseminated histoplasmosis is an aids-defining illness that occurs in about 5% of aids patients residing in histoplasmosis-endemic areas of the united states (the mississippi and ohio river valleys). this disease develops as a result of acute infection and perhaps also as the result of reactivation of latent infection: cases reported from areas such as new york city, where histoplasmosis is not endemic, are most likely due to reactivation of an infection acquired earlier in a histoplasmosis-end ... | 1995 | 8547497 |
| understanding the social needs of streetwalking prostitutes. | the social dynamics of prostitution render prostitutes unable at times to meet basic human needs, vulnerable to violence, and at risk for sexually transmitted disease. since april 1989 a mobile van from a private foundation has been contacting prostitutes throughout the five boroughs of new york city to provide hiv testing and counseling and to distribute condoms, bleach kits for cleaning needles, and hiv prevention information. data collected from 1,963 female prostitutes are discussed in this ... | 1996 | 8560324 |
| resurgence of blood transfusion therapy in erythropoietin treated hemodialysis patients. | anemia, a major component of the uremia syndrome before the introduction of recombinant human erythropoietin (epo), was treated primarily with blood transfusions in patients with end-stage renal disease (esrd). after multi-center trials of epo in hemodialysis patients showed that blood transfusion requirements fell by > or = 50% in hemodialysis facilities using epo, it was anticipated that blood transfusion therapy in hemodialysis patients would be eliminated in patients treated with epo. the au ... | 1995 | 8573839 |
| internet-based support for bioscience research: a collaborative genome center for human chromosome 12. | this paper describes an approach that provides internet-based support for a genome center to map human chromosome 12, as a collaboration between laboratories at the albert einstein college of medicine in bronx, new york, and the yale university school of medicine in new haven, connecticut. informatics is well established as an important enabling technology within the genome mapping community. the goal of this paper is to use the chromosome 12 project as a case study to introduce a medical inform ... | 1995 | 8581551 |
| natural history of hiv-1 infection and predictors of survival in a cohort of hiv-1 seropositive injecting drug users. | injecting drug users represent a pivotal and increasing component of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) case reporting in the united states. this article describes the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) disease in a new york city cohort of 328 hiv-infected injecting drug users. the study sample of nearly two-thirds men (predominately african americans and latino americans) underwent follow-up from december 1988 through december 1993. male injecting drug users reported a ... | 1996 | 8583491 |
| tuberculosis infection in human immunodeficiency virus-positive adolescents and young adults: a new york city cohort. | adolescents with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection are at increased risk for tuberculosis (tb), underscoring the importance of early identification of tb infection. the goals of this study were to assess the factors associated with the completion of evaluations for tb in a cohort of hiv-positive adolescents and young adults and to describe the prevalence of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and adherence to antituberculous treatment regimens. | 1996 | 8584377 |
| tuberculosis among urban health care workers: a study using restriction fragment length polymorphism typing. | cases of tuberculosis identified during 1992-1994 through an active tuberculosis surveillance network among six hospitals that serve new york city (the tbnetwork) were analyzed according to the occupational status of the patients. clinical data were obtained by review of medical records, and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) typing of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates was performed. no known nosocomial outbreaks of tuberculosis occurred at these hospitals in the study period. occ ... | 1995 | 8589127 |
| seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus-1, hepatitis b virus, and hepatitis c virus in patients having major surgery. | to determine the proportion of major surgical procedures that involve patients having serologic evidence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (hiv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), and hepatitis c virus (hcv) in a single center in westchester county, new york. | 1995 | 8601681 |
| re: "determinants of hiv disease progression among homosexual men registered in the tricontinental seroconverter study" and "progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection among homosexual men in hepatitis b vaccine trial cohorts in amsterdam, new york city, and san francisco, 1978-1991". | | 1996 | 8610669 |
| semen analyses in 1,283 men from the united states over a 25-year period: no decline in quality. | to determine whether semen quality has changed in the united states over the last 25 years. | 1996 | 8612826 |
| human and rodent hantavirus infection in new york state: public health significance of an emerging infectious disease. | a case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome with possible exposure in new york and/or rhode island was confirmed in february 1994. | 1996 | 8615704 |
| measles antibody in vaccinated human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected children. | the goals of this study were to evaluate the proportion of previously vaccinated human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1-infected children with detectable postvaccination measles antibody; to assess risk factors for vaccine failure; and to evaluate the response to reimmunization. | 1996 | 8628602 |
| t-cell receptor j beta 1/j beta 2 locus rearrangements in an htlv-1-positive t-cell lymphoma with complex chromosomal aberrations. | we report a case of human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1)-infected adult t-cell lymphoma that has multiple chromosomal abnormalities, including the presence of an additional 7q22-36, which contains the locus of the t-cell receptor (tcr) beta chain gene. specific tcr j beta 1/j beta 2 gene rearrangements were detected in both marrow and peripheral blood dna, with evidence of further evolution of the transformed clonal population within the peripheral lymphocytes. to our knowledge, this ... | 1996 | 8638612 |
| health care of children and adults with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. a population-based analysis. | to compare the use of medical services by pediatric and adult patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in the 6 months before and after the diagnosis of aids when demand for care is often high and to study the influence of human immunodeficiency virus specialty care on survival of pediatric patients. | 1996 | 8646312 |
| lateral periodontal cyst. multifactorial analysis of a previously unreported series. | the objective of the present study was to review a series of 23 lateral periodontal cysts and 2 botryoid odontogenic cysts retrieved from the files of the state university of new york at buffalo (suny) oral pathology biopsy service for epidemiologic characteristics as well as radiographic findings, clinical presentation, histopathologic features, and management. this study corroborated some previously established characteristics of the lesion but also revealed some surprising aberrations. a sign ... | 1996 | 8665317 |
| evidence for multiple foci of eastern equine encephalitis virus (togaviridae:alphavirus) in central new york state. | a regional surveillance system for eastern equine encephalitis (eee) virus was established in central new york in 1984 after the 2nd human eee fatality occurred in 1983. extensive mosquito surveillance activities were coordinated with the rapid laboratory processing of mosquito specimens for eee virus. active surveillance for eee infections in humans and equines also was initiated. results of long-term surveillance detected the presence of multiple culiseta breeding swamps. a 6-yr interepizootic ... | 1996 | 8667390 |
| a prospective study of early pregnancy loss. | the new york state early pregnancy detection study was a prospective study of early pregnancy loss, between implantation and menses, in 217 women attempting to become pregnant during 1989-1992. women collected urine samples on three consecutive mornings during the late luteal phase of their menstrual cycle, for up to 12 cycles, contributing samples for 1253 menstrual cycles. urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin (hcg), measured using an immunoradiometric assay, was the biomarker for pregnancy. w ... | 1996 | 8671233 |
| the nude in medical photography: a historical perspective, with modern legal ramifications. | taking medical photographs of nude patients was common in the nineteenth century and was related to the diagnostic promises of photography. nude photography today, while just as diagnostically important, is a carefully thought out practice fraught with serious legal ramifications especially when dealing with children and adolescents. as members of the human race, we are diverse in our practices and not only on a country wide but a regional level. what is acceptable in new york is not necessarily ... | 1996 | 8675490 |
| syringe-mediated drug sharing among injecting drug users: patterns, social context and implications for transmission of blood-borne pathogens. | drug injectors are at risk for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and other blood-borne pathogens through the exchange of (infected) blood resulting from unhygienic injecting practices. research attention and public discussion have focused primarily on the sharing of syringes and needles. while the focus on syringe sharing has sparked important interventions (bleach distribution, syringe exchange) it may have obscured the social relationship in which injecting equipment is used. d ... | 1996 | 8685737 |
| hypertension: a personal odyssey. | this is a brief history of my personal experiences at the mount sinai hospital and medical school, preceding and interlaced with the research that eventually involved hypertension. my research on the hearts, kidneys, and lungs of animals was followed by work on clubbing of the fingers, hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, and myocardial infarction. this finally led to studying vascular resistance and reactivity in hypertension and other vascular diseases. i investigated and treated special causes of h ... | 1996 | 8692173 |
| percutaneous injuries in anesthesia personnel. | anesthesia personnel are at risk for occupationally acquired blood-borne infections from human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis viruses, and others after percutaneous exposures to infected blood or body fluids. the risk is greater after an infected, blood-contaminated, percutaneous injury, especially from a hollow-bore blood-filled needle, than from other types of exposures. few data are available on the specific occupational hazards to anesthesia personnel from needles and other sharp devices. ... | 1996 | 8694305 |
| trends in age at the first medical evaluation of human immunodeficiency virus infection among infants born to infected mothers. new york city pediatric spectrum of hiv disease clinical consortium. | to evaluate the trends in age at the first medical evaluation of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection among infants enrolled in the pediatric spectrum of disease study born to mothers infected with hiv. | 1996 | 8704882 |
| a prospective study of syphilis and hiv infection among injection drug users receiving methadone in the bronx, ny. | the purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in injection drug users. | 1996 | 8712270 |
| directly observed therapy for tuberculosis: the harlem hospital experience, 1993. | a directly observed therapy program was established at harlem hospital, new york, ny, in 1993 to promote high tuberculosis treatment completion rates. | 1996 | 8712276 |
| hospitalization of patients infected with active tb in new york state, 1987-1992: the effect of the hiv epidemic. | hospital discharge records were used to study the relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) epidemic and hospitalized patients with tuberculosis in new york state from 1987 through 1992. the discharges of patients coinfected with hiv and tuberculosis increased by 270%, rising from 1,573 in 1987 to 5,825 in 1992. this constitutes an increase from 19.8 to 49.1% of all discharges of patients with tuberculosis. discharges of tuberculosis patients who were not infected with hiv decrease ... | 1996 | 8757429 |
| court rules in dssny's favor in state human rights dispute. | | 1996 | 8763983 |
| performance characteristics of a rapid hiv antibody assay in a hospital with a high prevalence of hiv infection. cdc-bronx-lebanon hiv serosurvey team. | the delay between collection of blood samples and availability of test results may be as long as 3 weeks and is one barrier to the acceptance of voluntary testing for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. serologic tests that provide results rapidly could overcome this barrier, but the accuracy and reliability of rapid tests have not been well characterized in the united states. | 1996 | 8779459 |
| absence of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 infection among patients in a hospital serving a new york community at high risk for infection. centers for disease control and prevention/bronx-lebanon hospital center hiv serosurvey team. | although human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (hiv-2) infection among united states residents is considered rare, there are us populations at high risk. few studies have surveyed these populations with a high likelihood of infection, that is, those with high percentages of persons from hiv-2-endemic areas and high prevalences of behaviors that would allow for transmission. | 1996 | 8780669 |
| resurgence of tuberculosis: the perspective a dozen years later. | more than a dozen years ago, case rates of tuberculosis (tb) began to increase in the united states, as well as in other industrialized and third world countries. our us urban centers were the epicenter of the "new" tb epidemic, with new york city accounting for more than 15% of all tb cases in the united states. numerous factors were responsible for this dramatic, unexpected explosion in mankind's most prevalent and lethal disease, including (1) an increasing pool of susceptible individuals who ... | 1996 | 8803420 |
| hiv risk behaviors among adolescents at a sexually transmitted disease clinic in new york city. | the purpose of this study was to describe human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated risk behaviors among adolescents attending a clinic for the treatment of sexually transmitted disease in new york city. | 1996 | 8803735 |
| conferring a federal property right in genetic material: stepping into the future with the genetic privacy act. | | 1996 | 8819598 |
| the effects of ambient ozone on lung function in children: a reanalysis of six summer camp studies. | studies of children attending summer camps often have observed relationships between daily outdoor ozone (o3) concentrations and decreased lung function that are qualitatively similar to results seen in human chamber studies. the former studies, focusing on the pulmonary effects of o3 and associated pollutants on children under natural conditions of exposure, are potentially of great importance to understanding the public health impact of ambient o3. however, a thorough assessment of the results ... | 1996 | 8820584 |
| the experience of respiratory isolation for hiv-infected persons with tuberculosis. | a recent resurgence of tuberculosis (tb) has been driven mostly by the hiv epidemic. the initial inpatient experience for individuals with hiv-related tb may be pivotal to the acceptance of and participation in ongoing tb care. the purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of the experience of respiratory isolation for hiv-infected patients with tb in order to identify strategies for enhancing quality of life and participation in care. respondents (n = 18) identified 12 major themes ... | 1996 | 8825178 |
| declining prevalence of cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection with age is independent of other risk factors. | human papillomavirus (hpv) infection of the female genital tract is the most common sexually transmitted disease. although the prevalence of hpv in women without detectable cervical disease has been shown to decline with increasing age, the relationship to sexual behavior has not been investigated. | 1996 | 8836027 |
| the new york angler cohort study: exposure characterization and reproductive and developmental health. | the new york state angler study will evaluate the association between past and current consumption of contaminated fish from lake ontario and both short- and long-term health effects in a population-based cohort. it will measure fish consumption and reproductive and developmental health among 10,518 male anglers and 6,651 of their wives or partners, as well as among 913 female anglers. to characterize exposure among subgroups of the cohort, further analytical methods were developed and implement ... | 1996 | 8843550 |
| polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene (dde) exposure among native american men from contaminated great lakes fish and wildlife. | the new york state department of health is performing an investigation of mohawk men, women, and infants who live at the akwesasne reserve along the st. lawrence river in new york, ontario, and quebec three large industrial facilities bordering the akwesasne reserve have seriously contaminated the soil and the sediments and fish of the adjacent st. lawrence river with polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). the main study goals are to investigate the associations among the consumption of locally caugh ... | 1996 | 8843553 |
| the relationship between delayed or incomplete treatment and all-cause mortality in patients with tuberculosis. | to analyze the factors associated with survival in patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in new york city. | 1996 | 8849749 |
| a multi-institutional outbreak of highly drug-resistant tuberculosis: epidemiology and clinical outcomes. | to investigate a multi-institutional outbreak of highly resistant tuberculosis and evaluate patient outcome. | 1996 | 8849750 |
| new york city police officers incidence of transcutaneous exposures. | urban based police officers may be at high risk for the transmission of infectious disease. this study was undertaken to assess the incidence of needlestick and human bites to police officers based in an urban environment. a retrospective analysis of self-reported transcutaneous exposures and demographic information of police officers in the new york city police department (nycpd) for 1992-93 was performed. urine toxicology results of arrested individuals for 1990-91 was also analyzed. the trans ... | 1996 | 8854706 |
| sequential outbreak of influenza a and b in a nursing home: efficacy of vaccine and amantadine. | to describe the sequential occurrence of influenza a and b in a nursing home, and to determine the efficacy of influenza vaccine and/or amantadine treatment with respect to incidence and sequelae. | 1996 | 8855992 |
| hiv-related concerns and behaviors among hispanic women. | hispanic women whose sexual partners have other sexual partners may be at risk for hiv. a structured interview was administered to 106 dominican and puerto rican women who reported that they knew or suspected that their partner had other partners. a subsample participated in qualitative interviews. the study assessed concern about hiv and predictors of condom use. the majority of women reported that they worried about getting hiv and almost half had been hiv-tested. most of the women discussed h ... | 1996 | 8874650 |
| stabilizing the hiv/aids workforce: lessons from the new york city experience. | the ryan white title i personnel needs study described here is an evaluation of the human resource needs of hiv/aids service agencies in new york city. the research presented here was conducted in collaboration with researchers from the medical and health research association and the new york city department of health and the planning and evaluation committee of the new york city hiv health and human services planning council. the assessment is divided into two components. the first component is ... | 1996 | 8874703 |
| risk factors for choroidal neovascularization in young patients: a case-control study. | a pair-matched, case-control design was used to study exposure to histoplasma capsulatum and other environmental factors, and to determine various host characteristics including human leukocyte antigen (hla) typings in 94 young patients with macular choroidal neovascularization (cnv) and in 94 controls with other eye diseases. patients with two types of retinal patterns were studied: type i, or those with cnv with one or no chorioretinal atrophic spots in the posterior pole or periphery (n = 51) ... | 1995 | 8886585 |
| condom availability programs in u.s. schools. | school condom availability programs have been promoted as a promising approach for increasing condom use among students, for reducing the risk of infections with the human immunodeficiency virus and with other sexually transmitted diseases and for preventing unintended pregnancy. data from a telephone survey of key individuals at school condom programs across the united states suggest that as of january 1995, at least 431 public schools in 50 u.s. school district made condoms available-2.2% of a ... | 1996 | 8886762 |
| prospective study of human immunodeficiency virus 1-related disease among 512 infants born to infected women in new york city. the new york city perinatal hiv transmission collaborative study group. | to determine the incidence of hiv-1-related clinical findings, mortality and predictors of death in a cohort of hiv-exposed infants followed from birth. | 1996 | 8895922 |
| human resources ... doctors have been immune to the layoffs that have hit many hospitals. not any more. | | 1996 | 8897787 |
| proposed antiretroviral therapy guidelines for prophylaxis of occupationally related hiv seroconversion: a practical approach. | recent research indicates that antiretroviral prophylaxis significantly reduces occupationally related human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seroconversion. this article outlines principles on which guidelines were based for treating aggressively those healthcare workers (hcws) exposed to hiv occupationally at the catholic medical center in jamaica, new york. these recommendations attempt to provide hcws with the best possible available antiretroviral therapy to treat occupational hiv seroconversio ... | 1996 | 8899443 |
| health-related quality of life of hiv-infected women: evidence for the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the medical outcomes study short-form 20. | the purpose of this study was to assess the reliability, validity and responsiveness of a health-related quality of life (hrqol) instrument, the medical outcomes short-form 20-item general health survey (mos sf-20), in a sample of women with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). longitudinal data were collected on 202 hiv-infected women without aids who were receiving care at kings county hospital or suny health sciences center, brooklyn, new york. internal consistency results showed acceptabl ... | 1996 | 8901366 |
| comparison of changing autopsy trends in the bronx population with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | the opportunistic infections, malignancies, and causes of death related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) are changing, perhaps as a result of improved treatment, prophylaxis, and education. with its high percentage of persons who acquired the human immunodeficiency virus from intravenous drug (ivd) use, the population of patients with aids in the bronx is potentially unique. all of the 257 consecutive adult human immunodeficiency virus and/or aids cases from two bronx teaching hospit ... | 1996 | 8902838 |
| a primary care clinic for the documentation and treatment of human rights abuses. | | 1996 | 8905502 |
| the impact of human immunodeficiency virus infection on drug-resistant tuberculosis. | infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) has been associated with increased rates of single- and multidrug-resistant (mdr) tuberculosis in the new york city area. in order to examine the relationship of hiv infection to drug-resistant tuberculosis in other selected regions of the united states, we established a registry of cases of culture-proven tuberculosis. data were collected from sites participating in an nih-funded, community-based hiv clinical trials group. all cases of tuberculo ... | 1996 | 8912768 |
| increased incidence of cancer among homosexual men, new york city and san francisco, 1978-1990. | several studies have shown that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) is associated with an increase in the incidence of kaposi's sarcoma and non-hodgkin's lymphoma among homosexual men. the role of hiv-1 in increasing the incidence of other malignancies is more controversial. the incidence of non-kaposi's sarcoma cancer was examined from 1978 to 1990 among 15,565 homosexual men who participated in studies of hepatitis b virus infection in the late 1970s in new york city, new york, and san ... | 1996 | 8916502 |
| hiv risk behaviors and obstacles to condom use among puerto rican men in new york city who have sex with men. | this paper describes the sexual risk behaviors of puerto rican men who have sex with men and their perceived obstacles to condom use. | 1996 | 8916531 |
| complications of care in a pediatric intensive care unit: a prospective study. | (a) to examine the frequency, type, and severity of complications occurring in a pediatric intensive care unit; (b) to identify populations at risk; and (c) to study the impact of complications on morbidity and mortality. | 1996 | 8923078 |
| network methodologies, contact tracing, gonorrhea, and human immunodeficiency virus. | | 1996 | 8946641 |
| the molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis in new york city: the importance of nosocomial transmission and laboratory error. | during the 1980s, new york city experienced a rapid increase of tuberculosis cases, more than 40% of which were human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated. | 1996 | 8959143 |
| human granulocytic ehrlichiosis: a case series from a medical center in new york state. | human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge) is a newly described illness with few reports in the literature. | 1996 | 8967671 |