Publications

prevalence of hiv infection in childbearing women in the united states. surveillance using newborn blood samples.	a national, population-based survey was initiated in 1988 to measure the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in women giving birth to infants in the united states. following standardized procedures, residual dried-blood specimens collected on filter paper for newborn metabolic screening were tested anonymously in state public health laboratories for maternal antibody to hiv. as of september 1990, annual survey data were available from 38 states and the district of columbia ...	1991	2002571
a method for estimating hiv transmission rates among female sex partners of male intravenous drug users.	there are few data available on the dynamics of heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) transmission among women whose only risk factor is sexual contact with intravenous drug-using males. unlike models which rely on unconfirmed estimates regarding sexual partner selectivity and contact rates between infected and uninfected populations, data from a survey conducted between november 1988 and february 1989 of 1,842 women in new york city provide empirical values for these variables which t ...	1991	2006646
national aids incidence trends and the extent of zidovudine therapy in selected demographic and transmission groups.	after mid-1987 fewer than the expected number of cases of aids were reported in the united states in some demographic and transmission groups but not in others. gay men (regardless of intravenous drug use), adults with hemophilia, and transfusion recipients exhibited fewer cases than expected based on previously reliable models. these favorable trends could not be explained by assuming earlier cessation of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. favorable aids incidence trends were not fou ...	1991	2007974
cumulative aids incidence and altered mortality from mycobacterial disease: new jersey.	changes in mycobacterial disease mortality between 1980 and 1986 were examined among new jersey residents aged 25 to 44 using single cause of death data. the demographic group with the highest cumulative incidence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) (non-white residents of the four urban counties adjacent to new york city) sustained an increase of 10.1 deaths/100,000 men/yr and 3.1 deaths/100,000 women/yr. groups with lower cumulative incidence of aids sustained smaller increases in my ...	1991	2008983
seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in women admitted to the hospital with pelvic inflammatory disease.	to assess the association of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) with other sexually transmitted diseases we undertook an anonymous hiv antibody serosurvey of all women admitted to the hospital with pelvic inflammatory disease. all the patients were given hiv risk reduction information and offered voluntary antibody testing. thirty-one consecutive patients were evaluated; 30 specimens were suitable for anonymous testing. five of the 30 (16.7%) were seropositive on both an enzyme-linked immuno ...	1991	2010894
serosurveillance of human immunodeficiency virus infection.		1991	2014853
comparison of newborn screening records and birth certificates to estimate bias in newborn hiv serosurveys.	implicit in the new york state newborn hiv seroprevalence study is the assumption that newborns of all new york state residents are tested for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibodies. we examined this assumption by describing that part of the 1988 new york newborn population not tested in the hiv seroprevalence study and assessing any bias contributed by this group. of the expected total hiv specimens 1.5 percent were never received by the newborn screening program, 0.5 percent were invali ...	1991	2014879
geographic distribution of newborn hiv seroprevalence in relation to four sociodemographic variables.	the geographic distribution of newborn human immunodeficiency virus seroprevalence at zip code level was compared with the distribution of four sociodemographic variables. for new york city significant univariate correlations were found between hiv and low birthweight, drug use (as measured by hospital discharges), maternal education less than 12 years, and race/ethnicity. less significant correlations were found for new york state exclusive of new york city. for new york city a model comprising ...	1991	2014880
projection of aids incidence in women in new york state.	the results of the newborn hiv seroprevalence study in new york state for 1988 were used to estimate the number of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected women of childbearing age in 1988. the estimate was accomplished for each of 80 age, racial/ethnic, and geographic strata by dividing the number of seropositive newborns by the 1988 estimated fertility rate. summing across strata yielded a total of 23,430 infected women age 15 to 44 years in 1988. from this estimate a tree model was used t ...	1991	2014881
hiv infection among women entering the new york state correctional system.	human immunodeficiency virus infection is the leading medical problem among prison inmates in several states. in 1988 a blinded seroprevalence study was conducted on 480 new york female prison entrants to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for hiv infection in this population. ninety (18.8 percent) women were hiv-seropositive. seroprevalence was highest among women ages 30-39 (25.0 percent) and varied by ethnicity (hispanics, 29.4 percent; blacks, 14.4 percent; whites, 7.1 percent) and ...	1991	2014882
hiv seroprevalence surveys: impetus for preventive activities.	seroprevalence determinations of human immunodeficiency virus are essential for design and implementation of preventive strategies. by demonstrating the severity of hiv infections within communities, new york state surveys have spurred preventive interventions, including information to the public and health care providers and increased counseling and testing of women of reproductive age. in high-prevalence areas the community health workers have been employed in preventive activities. specific i ...	1991	2014887
treatment choice for infants in the neonatal intensive care unit at risk for aids.	many infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units are the children of women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv); they have approximately a 30% risk of infection. to investigate attitudes surrounding treatment for such newborns, we conducted a survey of professionals at six neonatal intensive care units in new york city. a significant proportion of the 247 respondents recommended less aggressive treatment for non-hiv-related conditions for infants at risk for hiv compared wi ...	1991	2033769
impact of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic on mortality in children, united states.	to assess the effect of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) epidemic on mortality in us children younger than 15 years of age and to identify associated causes of death, the authors examined final national mortality statistics for 1988, the most recent year for which such data are available. in 1988, there were 249 deaths attributed to hiv/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in children younger than 15 years of age. associated causes of death listed most frequently on 270 death certific ...	1991	2034483
the reappearance of abdominal tuberculosis.	seventeen patients with abdominal tuberculosis were recently treated at our institution. two distinct patient populations were identified--immigrants and individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. abdominal pain, weight loss and fever were the most common complaints, with abdominal tenderness and pyrexia the most frequent physical findings. only five of 17 patients had concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis. a typical computed tomographic scan was helpful in the diagnosis. diagnosis ...	1991	2035131
hair dye use and breast cancer: a case-control study among screening participants.	to investigate whether hair dye use increases the risk of breast cancer, a case-control study was conducted among patients attending a screening center in new york city. the study group consisted of 398 breast cancer cases identified at the screening center between 1977 and 1981, and 790 randomly selected controls screened during the same period. subjects were interviewed by telephone to obtain information on known risk factors for breast cancer, along with a complete history of hair dye use det ...	1991	2035509
detection and characterization of human t-cell lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i) associated t-cell neoplasms in an htlv-i nonendemic region by polymerase chain reaction.	human t-cell lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i) associated adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma (atll) occurs endemically in southwestern japan, the caribbean, and west africa, but occurs sporadically in most of the rest of the world. however, because atll and non-htlv-i associated t-cell neoplasms share overlapping clinicopathologic features, the prevalence of atll in nonendemic regions is unknown. in this study, 75 t-cell neoplasms randomly procured from the metropolitan new york city area were exam ...	1991	2039822
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome prevention. knowledge, attitudes, and practices of primary care physicians.	we conducted a telephone survey of a probability sample of 473 internists, family practitioners, general practitioners, and obstetrician-gynecologists in new york city (ny) in 1988 to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and practices with respect to the prevention of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). although 71% of the physicians had cared for a patient with aids and 90% had been involved in ordering the human immunodeficiency virus antibody test, only about a third of them took app ...	1991	2043012
seroepidemiology and clinical aspects of human t-cell lymphotropic virus type i/ii infection in a cohort of intravenous drug users in new york city.	to define further the magnitude, epidemiology, and clinical features of human t-cell lymphotropic/leukemia virus type i/ii (htlv-i/ii) infection in 454 intravenous drug users in new york city, we evaluated previously frozen aliquots of sera for htlv-i/ii antibodies using enzyme-linked immunoassay, western blot, and radioimmunoprecipitation techniques. we found htlv-i/ii infection in 18.9% of the subjects. age (p = 0.001), race (p = 0.001), having a same gender sexual relationship (p = 0.01), and ...	1991	2047026
cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection in suburban adolescents and young adults.	to investigate the prevalence rates of and risk factors for genital human papillomavirus (hpv) infection in white, middle-class adolescents, we obtained specimens for hpv from 107 patients undergoing pelvic examination at a suburban adolescent health service. specimens were obtained by means of cervicovaginal lavage and were analyzed for hpv dna by southern blot analysis. the subjects' mean age was 18.5 (+/- 2.0 sd) years; 47% of the subjects were seen for contraception, 36% for possible pregnan ...	1991	1658285
noninfluenza respiratory virus infection in long-term care facilities.		1991	1664843
recommendations for influenza vaccination: from clinical piety to clinical practice.		1991	1745447
achievable influenza immunization rates in the elderly.	we sought to determine achievable rates of influenza immunization in a large internal medicine practice in which free vaccination was vigorously promoted. a list of 1,230 patients over 65 years of age constituted the target population. seven hundred ninety patients (64%) were immunized in the office from september to december 1989. in early 1990, questionnaires were sent to 67 patients who had refused vaccination and to an equal number of age- and sex-matched controls who had either accepted the ...	1991	1745449
c. r. henderson: farm boy, athlete, and scientist.	charles r. henderson was proud to be a product of a farm in page county, iowa. he was a one man track team in coin, iowa, and a brilliant student. he became a world class competitor in track at iowa state college and, at the same time, compiled a top academic record. his early experiences set the stage for the exceptional contributions of his animal breeding career, which did not begin until he was nearly 40 yr of age, but which spanned 40 yr when he was the acknowledged leader in development of ...	1991	1757645
[family planning in new york].	the nurse margaret sanger started the 1st american contraception consultation in 1916 in bronxville, n.y. today the planned parenthood federation of america has 800 clinics in all states. a clinic in white plains, n.y., had 31,297 visits a year mostly from low-income people. services consist of contraceptive and abortion counseling, abortion and infertility procedures, cancer tests with colposcopy and breast examination, and tests concerning sexually transmitted disease and human immunodeficie ...	1991	1765559
hiv infection among members of the army reserve components residing in new york city.	a total of 10,722 members of the us army reserve and army national guard residing within the five boroughs of new york city (nyc) were tested for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the crude prevalence in nyc was found to be 10.6 per 1,000, compared with a national prevalence of 1.6 per 1,000. the highest prevalences were found among blacks and hispanics, males, and among those aged 30-39 years. patterns of infection were found to be similar to those found among heterosexual and dru ...	1991	1771042
the new york needle trial: the politics of public health in the age of aids.	during the past 5 years, the exchange of sterile needles and syringes for dirty injecting equipment has gained increasing acceptance outside the united states as a potential means of reducing the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) among intravenous drug users. this article describes the controversy over attempts to establish a needle and syringe exchange scheme in new york city between 1985 and 1991. the response to a health crisis is used as an indicator of patterns of socia ...	1991	1951815
perspective on the development of vaccines against lyme disease.	lyme disease, the multisystem illness caused by the tick-borne spirochaete, borrelia burgdorferi, has emerged as a threat to public health worldwide. it is a particularly vexing problem in the united states where it is growing in range and intensity. in fact, in some hyperendemic regions of new york and new england, lyme disease is now such a threat that it interferes with all sorts of outdoor activities, and has even led to depreciation of real estate values. family dogs in these areas seem to ...	1991	1771965
booth memorial awarded funds to cover dental costs for aids patients.		1991	1783716
hiv seroprevalence and risk behaviors in psychiatric inpatients.	the seroprevalence of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in 515 patients consecutively admitted to a state psychiatric hospital in new york city was 8.9%. there were 365 patients whose results were individually traceable; the remaining 150 patients were tested anonymously. risk factors including parenteral drug abuse, male homosexual behaviors, and other sexual behaviors were studied in the traceable patients. logistic regressions indicated that parenteral drug abuse was the main risk factor ...	1991	1798815
patients with aids pose legal challenge.		1991	1835526
human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome nephropathy in the inner city.		1991	1857574
quality of life in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection: measurement by the medical outcomes study instrument.	to assess the reliability and validity of the medical outcomes study (mos) short form health survey as an indicator for quality of life in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv).	1992	1727616
factors associated with urban gay men's treatment initiation decisions for hiv infection.	while a public health emphasis on primary prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection continues, it is recognized that large numbers of individuals are already infected. efforts at secondary prevention focus on early medical intervention and may be effective in slowing progression to a diagnosis of aids. understanding the factors that promote or impede seropositive individuals from receiving prompt medical treatment and complying with treatment regimens is essential to prolonging ...	1992	1642958
update: influenza activity--united states, 1991-92 season.	from october 23, 1991, through january 18, 1992, 46 state health departments reported regional or widespread influenza activity for 1 or more weeks. for the week ending january 4, 34 states reported regional or widespread activity, the most during any single week this season. from late october through mid-december, influenza outbreaks reported from 11 states involved primarily school children. reports of outbreaks among adults began in mid-november and continued through january and involved pers ...	1992	1731184
human babesiosis in new york state: an epidemiological description of 136 cases.	epidemiological data on 136 cases of human babesiosis reported from laboratories and clinicians in the state of new york from 1982 to 1991 were reviewed. all but two patients, who had traveled to nantucket island in massachusetts, acquired disease in suffolk county, long island. the highest average age-group-specific annual incidence rates occurred among men > or = 80 years of age (7.72 per 100,000) and among women 70-79 years of age (3.61 per 100,000). seven patients (5%) had previously undergo ...	1992	1457632
drug-resistant tuberculosis in an urban population including patients at risk for human immunodeficiency virus infection.	in the past 5 yr, an increased incidence of tuberculosis has been noted in the united states. simultaneously, the population infected with human immunodeficiency virus-type i (hiv-i) and the number of cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) have increased. selected areas of the united states have also reported increases in the frequency of drug-resistant isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis. because our institution serves a population in which tuberculosis, aids, and drug resistant ...	1992	1489113
[the influence of some ophthalmologists of german origin on the development of american ophthalmology].	german-speaking immigrants came to america at the end of the seventeenth century from central europe, in the 19th century predominantly from germany, in the 20th century from the austro-hungarian monarchy. herrmann knapp (1839-1911), 1859 member of eye department in heidelberg, 1867 immigration, 1879 foundation of american archives of ophthalmology, continued to be editor together with his son arnold until 1948. julius homberger (1839-1872), born in frankfurt, 1861 immigration, foundation of ame ...	1992	1513123
discrimination charges require quick response.		1992	1531253
prevalence of human t-lymphotropic virus in civilian applicants for the united states armed forces.	the wide range in human t-lymphotropic virus (htlv) seroprevalences reported worldwide has made estimates of seroprevalence difficult in unique populations. in this study, the seropositivity of young adult civilian applicants for the us armed forces was determined.	1992	1536338
from the centers for disease control. outbreak of influenza a in a nursing home--new york, december 1991-january 1992.		1992	1538527
dna analysis of borrelia burgdorferi nch-1, the first northcentral u.s. human lyme disease isolate.	the dna of the first northcentral united states human lyme disease isolate, borrellia burgdorferi nch-1, was characterized and compared with the dnas of nine other b. burgdorferi isolates. strain nch-1 was isolated in august 1989 from a human skin biopsy specimen. dna was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and restriction endonuclease analysis. contour-clamped homogeneous electric field pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of in situ-lysed cells was performed to compare the plasmid profile ...	1992	1551988
childbearing and contraceptive-use plans among women at high risk for hiv infection--selected u.s. sites, 1989-1991.	from september 1990 through august 1991, 2655 (49%) of the 5457 women reported with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in the united states had been injecting-drug users (idus), and 1136 (21%) had had sexual intercourse with men who were idus (1). during the same period, 413 (56%) of the 735 children (aged less than 13 years) reported with aids were born to mothers who were either idus (38%) or sex partners of idus (18%) (1). even though messages and services regarding prevention of human ...	1992	1738361
human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis b virus infections in a new york city alcoholic population.	alcoholics have previously been reported to have an increased susceptibility to hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. since human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is transmitted in a similar fashion, we studied 143 consecutive in- and outpatient alcoholics residing in new york city for hiv and hbv prevalence and associated risk factors. of these alcoholics, 19 (13%) individuals were hiv positive, 57 (40%) were hepatitis b seropositive. intravenous drug use and sexual contact with an iv drug user were t ...	1992	1556861
successful implementation of a long-term care unit for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in an underserved suburban area with a high incidence of human immunodeficiency virus.	long island (ny) has the highest incidence of human immunodeficiency virus infection of any suburban area in the united states. until 1988, however, no patient with the acquired immunodeficiency virus had been admitted to any one of the 61 long island nursing home facilities.	1992	1558441
george draper and american constitutional medicine, 1916-1946: reinventing the sick man.		1992	1559029
hiv-1 seroprevalence in pregnant women testing positive on serologic screening for syphilis.	epidemic increases in active syphilis have been reported in the geographic areas hit hard by acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. although both epidemics have been associated with illicit substance abuse, the extent to which recent increases in syphilis are linked to the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) epidemic is uncertain. in order to define the frequency of syphilis and hiv-1 coinfection in the pregnant patients seen at city hospital center at elmhurst, we saved syphilis-positive serologi ...	1992	1734241
thrombocytopenia in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus: long-term follow-up and therapeutic considerations.	among 180 children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1), 14 (8%) developed thrombocytopenia during the course of the disease and have been followed for an average period of 18.8 months. eight of 14 patients had clinical signs of bleeding. increased levels of anti-platelet igg antibodies were detected in 86% of patients tested and did not correlate with severity of disease. eight patients were treated initially with intravenous immunoglobulins (ivig) and responded with a transient i ...	1992	1560341
human immunodeficiency virus-1 seroprevalence among parturients in los angeles county public hospitals.	to estimate the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) among parturients in an area with a high cumulative incidence of aids, an hiv seroprevalence study was conducted in 1988 in los angeles county. test results were available from 8485 (86.1%) of the 9860 women delivering at four public hospitals. the test results were linked to demographic and medical information available from routinely collected delivery records. three specimens were hiv-positive, for a seroprevalence of 3 ...	1992	1565344
evaluation of the rigor and appropriateness of clia '88 toxicology proficiency testing standards.	the proposed rule for the clinical laboratory improvement amendments of 1988 (clia '88) describes uniform standards for the design of proficiency testing (pt) challenges and for the evaluation of laboratory performance. successful performance on pt is a condition for laboratory certification by the federal department of health and human services. we conducted a retrospective evaluation of pt data collected from laboratories participating in the new york state therapeutic substance monitoring/qua ...	1992	1568313
monitoring human exposure to lead: an assessment of current laboratory performance for the determination of blood lead.	the performance of a small group (9-13) of experienced reference laboratories performing the determination of lead in blood is assessed by means of repeated analyses of lyophilized animal blood. both interlaboratory precision and intralaboratory precision are reported for the reference laboratory group. results indicate that at the new blood lead action level of 10 micrograms/100 ml, this group can achieve results that are accurate to within +/- 2 micrograms/100 ml. the capability of routine cli ...	1992	1568437
rabies surveillance in the united states during 1990.	in 1990, the united states and its territories reported 4,881 cases of rabies in animals to the centers for disease control, a 1.5% increase from 1989. of these, 553 were domestic animals, 4,327 were wild animals, and one was a human being. pennsylvania reported the highest number (611) of rabies cases in animals in 1990. for the first time since surveillance of rabies in wild animals was begun in the 1950s, the number of cases of rabies in raccoons exceeded that in skunks. particularly large in ...	1992	1577642
changes in aids incidence trends in the united states.	estimating the current prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and projecting the future incidence of aids require that trends in incidence be analyzed and interpreted. we analyzed aids incidence trends in the united states by exposure category and selected demographic factors. in 1987, the trend in united states aids incidence changed as growth in the number of cases diagnosed per quarter began to decline. the slowing in growth is due in large part to a plateau in quarterly incidence i ...	1992	1588489
forecasts of the costs of medical care for persons with hiv: 1992-1995.	this study concludes that the cumulative (national) cost of treating all persons with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) rose considerably over the past year and will continue to rise over the next several years. it is forecast that the cumulative cost of treating all persons with hiv will increase 48% from 1992 to 1995 (from $10.3 billion to $15.2 billion). it is estimated that the average yearly cost of treating a person with aids is $38,300 and of treating an infected person without aids ...	1992	1356925
survival in a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus-infected tuberculosis patients in new york city. implications for the expansion of the aids case definition.	the occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected persons is believed to represent a less severe stage of hiv-related disease with a more favorable prognosis than other acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-defining conditions; therefore, it has been excluded from the aids definition established by the centers for disease control (atlanta, ga) criteria.	1992	1358042
clinical manifestations and predictors of disease progression in drug users with human immunodeficiency virus infection.	to examine the clinical course of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in injection-drug users, we conducted a prospective study of a cohort of patients in a methadone-treatment program in new york city from july 1985 through december 1990. the patients underwent standardized evaluations at base line and semiannually thereafter and received on-site primary medical care. rates of progression to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and major outcomes before the development of aids ...	1992	1359411
condom use among male injecting-drug users--new york city, 1987-1990.	heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) continues to increase, especially among injecting-drug users (idus) and their sex partners. during 1991, 22% of women with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in the united states reported having had sex with a male idu; this risk behavior was second to injecting-drug use (48%) as a transmission category for women. to better understand how to reduce heterosexual transmission of hiv, a study on condom use among male idus on the ...	1992	1501604
trends in survival for children reported with maternally transmitted acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in new york city, 1982 to 1989.	to better understand the natural history of severe pediatric human immunodeficiency virus infection, reported cases of perinatally acquired pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in new york city were examined for differences in survival and age at diagnosis before and after implementation of an expanded case definition in 1987. one hundred ninety-six children reported through august, 1987, and 333 children reported between september, 1987, and february, 1990, and diagnosed through ...	1992	1549406
human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity in critically ill neonates in the south bronx.	cord blood was anonymously screened to determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seropositivity in neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) at the bronx lebanon hospital center, located in the south bronx. we speculated that factors leading to admission to the nicu such as low birth weight, prematurity and being small for gestational age would also be associated with an increased prevalence of hiv seropositivity. during the study period the prevalence of ...	1992	1549407
health care workers, tuberculosis, and the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic.		1992	1514102
independent studies program in the basic sciences. a curricular innovation.	the independent studies program was initiated at the new york college of podiatric medicine during the early months of 1987, and it has achieved continued success and acceptance from the administration, faculty, and students. the program emphasizes competence as the constant within a relatively time-independent framework. this paper presents, in a longitudinal fashion, the independent studies program as a program model that combines criterion-referencing concepts, mastery-based learning combinat ...	1992	1517985
relation between hospital experience and in-hospital mortality for patients with aids-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: experience from 3,126 cases in new york city in 1987.	there is marked debate about whether outcomes of care, particularly mortality, vary as a function of hospital and physician experience with a disease. this issue is especially important with respect to aids because greater than 200,000 individuals have now been diagnosed with this disease. we analyzed discharge data for 3,126 persons with aids who had pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and who were treated at one of 73 new york city hospitals in 1987. in-hospital mortality was 25%. factors associate ...	1992	1512684
maternal adaptation during pregnancy among adult early, middle, and late childbearers: similarities and differences.	women 20-24 (n = 10), 25-29 (n = 13), and 30 and over (n = 18) were interviewed and their responses compared on six variables: maternal-fetal relationship, quality of the marital relationship, preparation for motherhood, attitude towards the pregnancy, maternal role conceptualization, and motivation for motherhood. later childbearing was significantly related to three variables: motivation for motherhood, maternal-fetal relationship, and maternal role conceptualization. women 25-29 years old wer ...	1992	1287372
the radiographic incidence of multiple roots and canals in human mandibular premolars.	the aim of this study was to investigate the incidence in mandibular premolars of multiple roots and root canals that could be demonstrated radiographically. the images of mandibular premolar teeth as seen on intraoral full-mouth radiographic surveys (547) taken with the paralleling technique were examined. in 99 patients (18.1%) there was at least one premolar tooth with either divided canals or roots. first premolars were involved in 15.7% of patients, and second premolars in 7%.	1992	1291519
outbreak of influenza a in a nursing home--new york, december 1991-january 1992.		1992	1299424
otosyphilis: a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma.	traditional treatment of otosyphilis with penicillin and corticosteroids has achieved hearing improvement; however, selecting which patients with a positive fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (fta-abs) test will benefit from treatment remains a problem. in order to study this problem, 18 patients with cochleovestibular dysfunction of unknown etiology and positive syphilis serology were treated with intravenous penicillin and corticosteroids. in addition, lumbar puncture and human immunod ...	1992	1307698
screening indices for cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus.	cytomegalovirus retinitis, the major cause of blindness in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, can be arrested by early detection and treatment. we identified 9 screening indices for early cmv retinitis: t-4/t-8 ratio less than 0.11, t-4 count less than 30, t-8 count less than 500, leukocytes less than 4,200, platelets less than 240,000, hemoglobin less than 11.6, hematocrit less than 35, less than 6 for a diagnostic profile which incorporates these 7 indices, and less than 2 f ...	1992	1310346
follow-up evaluation of cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection in adolescents.	we performed a second examination for human papillomavirus (hpv) dna on 51 sexually experienced 13- to 21-year-old (mean = 17.8 years) female patients seen at an urban teaching hospital. cervicovaginal lavages were performed 6 to 36 months apart (median = 13.3 months) to collect cells for hpv dna detection and typing by southern blot hybridization. at the first and second visits, 39.2% (20/51) and 25.5% (13/51) of patients, respectively, were infected with hpv. collectively, 56.9% (29/51) of pat ...	1992	1322456
clinical and laboratory correlates of human immunodeficiency virus infection in a cohort of intravenous drug users from new york, ny.	the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) epidemic has increasingly involved intravenous drug users. few studies have attempted to define its clinical and laboratory characteristics in this population.	1992	1353953
feasibility of interactive videodisc technology to teach minority youth about preventing hiv infection.	hispanic and african american adolescents are more likely than white anglo youth to harbor misconceptions about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and are also more likely to engage in intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse. this paper describes the development of an aids prevention curriculum that uses an interactive videodisc program to teach skills for interventions. focus group and expert panel studies yielded suggests for intervention vignettes and scenes relevant to hispanic an ...	1992	1375760
home visitation for pregnant women and parents of young children.	many of the most pervasive, intractable, and costly problems faced by high-risk women and young children in our society today are a consequence of adverse maternal health-related behaviors (such as cigarette smoking, drinking, and drug use during pregnancy), dysfunctional infant care giving, and stressful environmental conditions that interfere with individual and family functioning. these problems include low birth weight, child abuse and neglect, childhood injuries, unintended and closely spac ...	1992	1375807
influenza a outbreaks in nursing homes.		1992	1447451
immunologic markers of progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are time-dependent and illness-specific.	since prevalent cohorts may be biased by the duration of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection (onset bias), it is useful to assess the potential predictive value of markers in incident cohorts of hiv-positive subjects for whom the date of seroconversion is known or can reliably be estimated. of 131 homosexual men with hiv-1 seroconversion from new york city and washington, dc, who were evaluated annually beginning in 1982, 60 developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) by the end ...	1992	1384311
women's perceptions about the way social roles promote or constrain personal nutrition care.	research suggests that roles may affect women's health promoting behavior. this study was designed to discover, understand and develop hypotheses about the ways in which women's social roles influence their attitudes and beliefs about personal nutrition care. in-depth interviews were conducted with 36 married mothers, both employed and homemakers, at three different life stages. interviews were analyzed using the constant comparative method of qualitative analysis. these data suggest that social ...	1992	1475997
lead poisoning: i. some clinical and toxicological observations on the effects of occupational lead exposure among firearms instructors.	lead poisoning continues to be a common occupational disease in many countries. during the past two decades, poisoning presenting with overt clinical symptoms has become less frequent because of improvement in control of exposure, and attention has been focused on subtle biochemical and "subclinical" manifestations of lead toxicity. firearms instructors constitute an occupational group at risk for excessive exposure to lead from the firing of arms in shooting galleries. this paper summarizes cli ...	1992	1428811
rabies surveillance in the united states during 1991.	in 1991, 49 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 6,972 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 3 cases in human beings to the centers for disease control. ninety-one percent (6,354 cases) were wild animals, whereas 8.9% (618 cases) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases of rabies increased 42.9% over that of 1990 (4,881 cases), with most of the increase resulting from continued spread of the epizootic of rabies in raccoons in the mid-atlantic and northeas ...	1992	1483899
mortality trends in a cohort of homosexual men in new york city, 1978-1988.	trends in mortality related to infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and to other causes were examined from 1978 to 1988 in a cohort of 8,906 homosexual men who participated in studies of hepatitis b virus infection in the late 1970s in new york city. hiv-related mortality rates increased from 1 per 10,000 person-years in 1980 to 181 per 10,000 person-years in 1986, followed by a plateau from 1986 to 1988. the standardized mortality ratio among white men in the cohort was 3.7 ...	1992	1442731
heavy metal and selenium levels in young cattle egrets from nesting colonies in the northeastern united states, puerto rico, and egypt.	colonially-nesting species of herons and egrets breed mainly in coastal areas, along rivers or near other large bodies of water. such areas are also preferred for human development, exposing nesting birds to various pollutants. from 1989-1991, the concentrations of heavy metals and selenium were studied in the feathers of fledgling cattle egrets bubulcus ibis, a terrestrially-feeding insectivore, from new york and delaware in the northeastern united states, from puerto rico, and from egypt. ther ...	1992	1444587
epidemiologic evidence for the role of indoor tobacco smoke as an initiator of human breast carcinogenesis.	earlier research suggested an appreciable latent period between the time of exposure to indoor tobacco smoke and the detection of breast cancer. a close relationship was found in the u.s. between state breast cancer mortality from 1978 through 1981 and state cigarette sales from 1950 through 1954 (r = 0.64, p less than 0.001). the correlation declined for sales in subsequent years but remained highly significant until 1970, but not thereafter. thus, it appears that the role of indoor tobacco smo ...	1992	1600521
estimating infant mortality from human immunodeficiency virus and other causes in breast-feeding and bottle-feeding populations.	this paper discusses the literature dealing with breast-feeding in women with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. this review is used to develop a background for a quantitative assessment of factors determining whether breast-feeding or bottle-feeding will result in a lower overall mortality in areas of different hiv prevalence. an algebraic formula is presented that enables calculation of the mortality that would result in any population if the following variables are known or capable ...	1992	1734398
medical care costs of intravenous drug users with aids in brooklyn.	this article reports on a study of medical costs of intravenous drug users (ivdus) with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) in brooklyn, ny, u.s.a. sociodemographic and clinical data as well as information on medical resource use was gathered for 38 ivdus with aids, all of whom belonged to minority racial/ethnic groups and were covered by medicaid insurance. data obtained through patient interviews and review of medical records indicated that the sample had mean annual medical charges of ...	1992	1738078
outbreak of influenza a in a nursing home--new york, december 1991-january 1992.	during december 1991 and january 1992, an outbreak of influenza a occurred among residents of a nursing home in new york. from mid-october through mid-november 1991, influenza vaccine was administered to 295 (88%) of the 337 residents of the nursing home. the residents shared common dining and recreational areas; the mean age of residents was 83 years (range: 51-103 years); 256 (76%) were female. the prevalence of underlying illness in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients was not determined.	1992	1738358
haemophilus influenzae type b bacteremia in adults with aids and at risk for aids.	our objective was to determine the number of cases of haemophilus influenzae type b bacteremia in patients with and at risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) from january 1983 to june 1991 at a municipal hospital in bronx, new york.	1992	1605138
high risk of active tuberculosis in hiv-infected drug users with cutaneous anergy.	to determine the incidence of active tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-seropositive and hiv-seronegative drug injectors with cutaneous anergy and to examine the effectiveness of isoniazid chemoprophylaxis in preventing tuberculosis among drug injectors with positive tuberculin test results.	1992	1619742
an hiv-infected pharmacist.		1992	1626592
medically indigent women seeking abortion prior to legalization: new york city, 1969-1970.	if the efforts now underway to limit access to abortion services in the united states are successful, their greatest impact will be on women who lack the funds to obtain abortions elsewhere. there is little published information, however, about the experience of medically indigent women who sought abortions under the old, restrictive state laws. this article details the psychiatric evaluation of 199 women requesting a therapeutic abortion at a large municipal hospital in new york city under a re ...	1992	1628716
tuberculosis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: a problem-solving approach.		1992	1636937
a process for translating and testing a quantitative measure for cross-cultural nursing research.	a study was done to translate an english language, original measure of human behavior into mandarin chinese. a process used to translate from one language to the other is explained. internal consistency of both versions of the measures is tested and equivalence across the two versions of the measure was supported.	1992	1287156
rotavirus-specific breast milk antibody in two populations and possible correlates of interference with rhesus rotavirus vaccine seroconversion.	milk was collected from 56 new york and 70 venezuelan mothers participating in rhesus rotavirus (rrv) pediatric vaccine trials. plaque reduction neutralization antibody (prna) to rrv (vp7:3, vp4:rrv) and human p rotavirus (vp7:3, vp4:p) and epitope-blocking antibody to one rrv vp4 and vp7 epitope were determined. controlling for postpartum age, more venezuelan milk samples had detectable rrv and p prna, rrv vp4 epitope-blocking antibody (p less than or equal to .001), and higher rrv and p prna g ...	1992	1373753
hhs judge lowers boom on hospital that curbed hiv-positive pharmacist.		1992	10117584
multiple listing for organ transplantation: autonomy unbounded.	recently, debate about the distribution of scarce organs for transplantation has focused on whether patients should have the right to place themselves on waiting lists at several transplant centers, thereby gaining an advantage over other potential recipients. this article explores the social and ethical issues raised by multiple listing, contrasting policies adopted at the national level with those implemented in new york state. it concludes by examining the implications of the debate for broad ...	1992	10117351
tb carriers see clash of liberty and health: tuberculosis -- a killer returns.		1992	11646941
the home care industry: strategies for survival in an era of dwindling resources.	the home care component of our long-term care system is increasingly being recognized as the preferred alternative to institutional care for the frail elderly and disabled. dwindling resources, both human and financial, are likely to have a deleterious effect on home care. findings from a 1987-88 survey of paraprofessional home care workers of the frail elderly in new york city are used to draw implications for the home care industry. the scope of problems inherent in the industry imply that cha ...	1992	10186811
susan philliber, ph.d.: investigating the decision for sterilization among poor women.	a study conducted by dr. susan philliber with support from the national institute of child health and human development, "sterilization decision making and consequences among poor women," offers important information for family planning counselors. this study, which was carried out in 1985-89, involved interviews with 1800 women at public hospitals clinics in atlanta, new york city, and pittsburgh. unique was the longitudinal design of the study, which enabled multiple interviews with subjects o ...	1992	12285570
the new york times ad.	feminization of patriarchal institutions is necessary in order to eliminate the exclusivity and mutuality of hierarchical, gender, class, and race stratification. the aim of this paper is to explain the history and activities surrounding the new york times ad on sunday, october 7, 1984 (the catholic statement on pluralism and abortion signed by barbara ferraro and patricia hussey of the sisters of note dame de namur, rose dominic trapasso of the maryknoll sisters, and 67 other signers). the si ...	1993	12178920
full-text document storage and retrieval in a clinical information system.	the overall design of the cis at cpmc is heavily influenced by the decision support component. the type of automated decision support being implemented dictates the need for highly structured or coded data. the value of decision support systems has been well documented. the current reliance on free-text documents is natural and a rewarding first step to a more valuable mix of coded and free text. while the health care provider might find the textual comments of the various reports extremely usef ...	1993	10139111
researchers admit study with drugs had no o.k.		1993	11646994
jailing of man with aids spurs legal debate.		1993	11647933
informed choice: physicians' duty to disclose nonreadily available alternatives.		1993	11659829
at-home options. enhancing care for aids patients.	mark is a 45-year-old man with advanced aids. his care partner, gary, has a full-time job in the design industry. a home care aide visits mark five days a week for 10 hours at a time to provide personal care while gary is at work. a visiting nurse sees mark weekly and has taught gary how to prepare mark's ganciclovir infusion. every six weeks mark meets with a nutritionist, who evaluates his dietary status and advises gary on purchasing high-calorie foods for mark. in may gary must attend a conf ...	1993	10125243
'to make a difference'. the lincoln collective.	the lincoln collective was born in 1970 as a grassroots effort of health and community workers to start the kind of nonhierarchical community-oriented program described in this article. the idea of two residents who were already at lincoln hospital, the notion was given official approval because of the influx of young, american-trained physicians and nurses it would bring. but, as the experiment was advertised by word of mouth to members of the student health organization, the medical committee ...	1993	10129104