| first reports of human rotavirus g8p[4] gastroenteritis in the united states. | in 2009, three children were hospitalized in rochester, ny with sequence-confirmed g8p[4] rotavirus gastroenteritis-the first us detection of this uncommon strain more typically found in africa. continued monitoring of g8p[4] and other rotavirus genotypes not represented in current vaccines is essential to assess whether vaccination will result in an increase in prevalence of these strains. | 2011 | 22170918 |
| temporally structured metapopulation dynamics and persistence of influenza a h3n2 virus in humans. | populations of seasonal influenza virus experience strong annual bottlenecks that pose a considerable extinction risk. it has been suggested that an influenza source population located in tropical southeast or east asia seeds annual temperate epidemics. here we investigate the seasonal dynamics and migration patterns of influenza a h3n2 virus by analysis of virus samples obtained from 2003 to 2006 from australia, europe, japan, new york, new zealand, southeast asia, and newly sequenced viruses f ... | 2011 | 22084096 |
| inotropic contractile reserve can risk-stratify patients with hiv cardiomyopathy: a dobutamine stress echocardiography study. | the purpose of this study was to assess whether inotropic contractile reserve (icr) during dobutamine stress echocardiography (dse) could risk-stratify patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) cardiomyopathy and predict improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction (lvef). | 2011 | 22172778 |
| Molting success of Ixodes scapularis varies among individual blood meal hosts and species. | The blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis) is an important vector of emerging human pathogens. It has three blood-feeding stages, as follows: larva, nymph, and adult. Owing to inefficient transovarial transmission, at least for the Lyme disease agent (Borrelia burgdorferi), larval ticks rarely hatch infected, but they can acquire infection during their larval blood meal. Nymphal ticks are primarily responsible for transmitting pathogens to hosts, including humans. The transition from uninfected ho ... | 2011 | 21845946 |
| The impact of missed opportunities on seasonal influenza vaccination coverage for healthy young children. | To estimate the impact of missed opportunities on influenza vaccination coverage among 6- through 23-month-old children who sought medical care during the 2004-2005 influenza season. | 2011 | 21964369 |
| missing from the table: role of the environmental public health community in governmental advisory commissions related to marcellus shale drilling. | background: the marcellus shale is a vast natural gas field underlying parts of pennsylvania, new york, west virginia, virginia and maryland. rapid development of this field has been enabled by advances in hydrofracking techniques that include injection of chemical and physical agents deep underground. response to public concern about potential adverse environmental and health impacts has led to the formation of state and national advisory committees. objectives: we review the extent to whic ... | 2012 | 22233770 |
| Serum and follicular fluid ghrelin levels negatively reflect human oocyte quality and in vitro embryo development. | To characterize serum and follicular fluid (FF) ghrelin in women undergoing assisted reproduction and to evaluate ghrelin's impact on ovarian steroidogenesis, oocyte quality, and embryo development. | 2011 | 21924713 |
| detection of zoonotic pathogens and characterization of novel viruses carried by commensal rattus norvegicus in new york city. | norway rats (rattus norvegicus) are globally distributed and concentrate in urban environments, where they live and feed in closer proximity to human populations than most other mammals. despite the potential role of rats as reservoirs of zoonotic diseases, the microbial diversity present in urban rat populations remains unexplored. in this study, we used targeted molecular assays to detect known bacterial, viral, and protozoan human pathogens and unbiased high-throughput sequencing to identify ... | 2014 | 25316698 |
| risk of congenital malformations associated with proximity to hazardous waste sites. | concern about environmental pollutants has increased; however, it remains unclear whether chronic exposures to toxic chemicals in the environment occur at doses sufficient to produce adverse health effects in humans. to date, community studies have not adequately addressed this question. in this study, the authors linked two existing data bases of the new york state department of health to evaluate the relation between congenital malformations and residential proximity to hazardous waste sites i ... | 2005 | 1626538 |
| prevalence of borrelia miyamotoi in ixodes ticks in europe and the united states. | borrelia miyamotoi, a relapsing fever-related spirochete transmitted by ixodes ticks, has been recently shown to be a human pathogen. to characterize the prevalence of this organism in questing ixodes ticks, we tested 2,754 ticks for a variety of tickborne pathogens by pcr and electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry. ticks were collected from california, new york, connecticut, pennsylvania, and indiana in the united states and from germany and the czech republic in europe from 2008 through 201 ... | 2014 | 25280366 |
| population and evolutionary genomics of amblyomma americanum, an expanding arthropod disease vector. | the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum, is an important disease vector and the most frequent tick found attached to humans in the eastern united states. the lone star tick has recently experienced a rapid range expansion into the northeast and midwest, but despite this emerging infectious threat to wildlife, livestock, and human health, little is known about the genetic causes and consequences of the geographic expansion. in the first population genomic analysis of any tick species, we charact ... | 2016 | 27190204 |
| a real-time pcr assay for differentiating pathogenic anaplasma phagocytophilum from an apathogenic, woodrat-adapted genospecies from north america. | anaplasma phagocytophilum is a tick-transmitted bacterial pathogen of humans and animals comprising strains that cause clinical disease in people, dogs and horses (the pathogenic a. phagocytophilum "genospecies") and more distantly related strains. a rodent-adapted genospecies named du1, found primarily in woodrats, is unable to infect horses. we developed a real-time pcr (rt-pcr) assay, which targets an 85 base pair region of the ank gene and is specific for the pathogenic genospecies of a. pha ... | 2015 | 26188998 |
| development and validation of a climate-based ensemble prediction model for west nile virus infection rates in culex mosquitoes, suffolk county, new york. | west nile virus (wnv) is an endemic public health concern in the united states that produces periodic seasonal epidemics. underlying these outbreaks is the enzootic cycle of wnv between mosquito vectors and bird hosts. identifying the key environmental conditions that facilitate and accelerate this cycle can be used to inform effective vector control. | 2016 | 27507279 |
| variation in the microbiota of ixodes ticks with regard to geography, species, and sex. | ixodes scapularis is the principal vector of lyme disease on the east coast and in the upper midwest regions of the united states, yet the tick is also present in the southeast, where lyme disease is absent or rare. a closely related species, i. affinis, also carries the pathogen in the south but does not seem to transmit it to humans. in order to better understand the geographic diversity of the tick, we analyzed the microbiota of 104 adult i. scapularis and 13 adult i. affinis ticks captured i ... | 2015 | 26150449 |
| preliminary survey of ectoparasites and associated pathogens from norway rats in new york city. | the norway rat (rattus norvegicus) is a reservoir of many zoonotic pathogens and lives in close proximity to humans in urban environments. human infection with rodent-borne disease occurs either directly through contact with a rat or its excreta, or indirectly via arthropod vectors such as fleas and ticks. here, we report on the diversity and abundance of ectoparasitic arthropod species and associated pathogenic bacteria from 133 norway rats trapped over a 10-mo period in manhattan, new york, ny ... | 2015 | 26336309 |
| the relevance of forest fragmentation on the incidence of human babesiosis: investigating the landscape epidemiology of an emerging tick-borne disease. | babesiosis is an emerging arthropod-borne infection that has been increasing in incidence for the last decade in the northeastern united states. babesiosis may share features of its landscape epidemiology with other arthropod-borne infections transmitted by the same tick vectors in similar geographic spaces. this study examined 11 years of surveillance data in new york state to measure the relationship between forest fragmentation and the incidence of human babesiosis. adjusted poisson models sh ... | 2013 | 23428092 |
| twenty-year summary of surveillance for human hantavirus infections, united states. | in the past 20 years of surveillance for hantavirus in humans in the united states, 624 cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) have been reported, 96% of which occurred in states west of the mississippi river. most hantavirus infections are caused by sin nombre virus, but cases of hps caused by bayou, black creek canal, monongahela, and new york viruses have been reported, and cases of domestically acquired hemorrhagic fever and renal syndrome caused by seoul virus have also occurred. rare ... | 2013 | 24274585 |
| six-year follow-up of a point-source exposure to cwd contaminated venison in an upstate new york community: risk behaviours and health outcomes 2005-2011. | it is currently unknown whether chronic wasting disease (cwd), a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cervids, is transmissible to humans. reported on here are the behavioural risk factors and health conditions associated with a six-year follow-up of a known point-source exposure to a cwd infected deer in an upstate new york community. | 2014 | 25225155 |
| disease risk surface for coxiella burnetii seroprevalence in white-tailed deer. | coxiella burnetii is considered a re-emerging zoonosis in many countries. the bacterium is enzootic in livestock and wildlife in the united states, and environmental contamination is widespread. despite the potential for exposure, the estimated prevalence of q fever in humans and animals is not well elucidated, and reported human infections in the united states are relatively rare. zoonotic transmission of the bacterium is usually associated with abortions in domestic ruminants, but other modes ... | 2013 | 23176671 |
| dogs and horses with antibodies to outer-surface protein c as on-time sentinels for ticks infected with borrelia burgdorferi in new york state in 2011. | reported cases of lyme disease (a chronic disease caused by infection with borrelia burgdorferi) in humans increased more than two-fold between 1992 and 2006 in the united states. recently, the annual number of reported human lyme disease cases stabilized (according to the center for disease control and prevention) but the geographic distribution seemed to increase. in new york (ny) state, usa, a spread from the original lyme disease focus in southeastern parts of the state has occurred. we dete ... | 2012 | 22841496 |
| geography and timing of cases of eastern equine encephalitis in new york state from 1992 to 2012. | in new york state (nys), eastern equine encephalitis (eee) was first reported in a human in 1971, in horses in 1970, and in pheasants in 1952. | 2016 | 26901637 |
| quantifying the potential pathways and locations of rift valley fever virus entry into the united states. | the global invasion of west nile virus, chikungunya virus and zika virus in the past two decades suggests an increasing rate of mosquito-borne virus (arbovirus) dispersal. rift valley fever virus (rvfv) is an arbovirus identified as a high-consequence threat to the united states (usa) because of the severe economic and health consequences associated with disease. numerous studies demonstrate that the usa is receptive to rvfv transmission based on the widespread presence of competent mosquito spe ... | 2017 | 28191786 |
| filthy lucre: a metagenomic pilot study of microbes found on circulating currency in new york city. | paper currency by its very nature is frequently transferred from one person to another and represents an important medium for human contact with-and potential exchange of-microbes. in this pilot study, we swabbed circulating $1 bills obtained from a new york city bank in february (winter) and june (summer) 2013 and used shotgun metagenomic sequencing to profile the communities found on their surface. using basic culture conditions, we also tested whether viable microbes could be recovered from b ... | 2017 | 28384336 |
| aedes (stegomyia) aegypti in the continental united states: a vector at the cool margin of its geographic range. | after more than a half century without recognized local dengue outbreaks in the continental united states, there were recent outbreaks of autochthonous dengue in the southern parts of texas (2004-2005) and florida (2009-2011). this dengue reemergence has provoked interest in the extent of the future threat posed by the yellow fever mosquito, aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (l.), the primary vector of dengue and yellow fever viruses in urban settings, to human health in the continental united states. a ... | 2013 | 23802440 |
| toxoplasma gondii and giardia duodenalis infections in domestic dogs in new york city public parks. | toxoplasma gondii and giardia duodenalis have been widely reported to produce major diseases in humans and domestic animals. little is known about the occurrence of these protozoan parasites in domestic dogs in the united states. the goal of this study was to determine the prevalence and genotypes of t. gondii and g. duodenalis among dogs in new york city. fecal samples from domestic dogs were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). overall, 3% of the samples tested positive for t. gondii, ... | 2016 | 26988633 |
| infectious disease survey of mus musculus from pet stores in new york city. | most mice used in research are purchased devoid of specific pathogens. experimental studies required us to evaluate the profile of infective agents harbored in mice sold as pets or food for captive reptiles. anecdotal reports regarding disease in these mice abound, but there are few published reports on disease prevalence. purchasers are unaware of the potential zoonotic or adventitious infections carried by these mice. this survey investigated the prevalence of ectoparasites, endoparasites, and ... | 2012 | 22330866 |
| host specificity and source of enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in a drinking source watershed. | to assess the host specificity of enterocytozoon bieneusi and to track the sources of e. bieneusi contamination, we genotyped e. bieneusi in wildlife and stormwater from the watershed of new york city's source water, using ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (its)-based pcr and sequence analyses. a total of 255 specimens from 23 species of wild mammals and 67 samples from stormwater were analyzed. seventy-four (29.0%) of the wildlife specimens and 39 (58.2%) of the stormwater samples from stre ... | 2014 | 24141128 |
| analysis of the 3'-variable region of the caga gene from helicobacter pylori strains infecting patients at new york city hospitals. | helicobacter pylori infects the gastric mucosa in humans and is a causative agent for peptic ulcer disease (pud) and gastric cancer (gc). caga is produced by h. pylori and is associated with more severe outcomes. caga genes vary at the 3'-region with respect to phosphorylation motifs (epiya-a, -b, -c, or -d) and caga multimerization motifs (cm). this variability may be associated with the clinical outcomes. we examined the variable region of caga genes expressed in h. pylori-infected patients tr ... | 2013 | 23117095 |
| enhanced mammalian transmissibility of seasonal influenza a/h1n1 viruses encoding an oseltamivir-resistant neuraminidase. | between 2007 and 2009, oseltamivir resistance developed among seasonal influenza a/h1n1 (sh1n1) virus isolates at an exponential rate, without a corresponding increase in oseltamivir usage. we hypothesized that the oseltamivir-resistant neuraminidase (na), in addition to being relatively insusceptible to the antiviral effect of oseltamivir, might confer an additional fitness advantage on these viruses by enhancing their transmission efficiency among humans. here we demonstrate that an oseltamivi ... | 2012 | 22532693 |
| rabies surveillance in the united states during 2011. | during 2011, 49 states and puerto rico reported 6,031 rabid animals and 6 human rabies cases to the cdc, representing a 1.9% decrease from the 6,153 rabid animals and 2 human cases reported in 2010. approximately 92% of reported rabid animals were wildlife. relative contributions by the major animal groups were as follows: 1,981 raccoons (32.8%), 1,627 skunks (27.0%), 1,380 bats (22.9%), 427 foxes (7.1%), 303 cats (5.0%), 65 cattle (1.1%), and 70 dogs (1.2%). compared with 2010, there was a subs ... | 2012 | 22947154 |
| whole-genome sequencing of drug-resistant salmonella enterica isolated from dairy cattle and humans in new york and washington states reveals source and geographic associations. | multidrug-resistant (mdr) salmonella enterica can be spread from cattle to humans through direct contact with animals shedding salmonella, as well as through the food chain, making mdr salmonella a serious threat to human health. the objective of this study was to use whole-genome sequencing to compare antimicrobial-resistant (amr) s. typhimurium, newport, and dublin isolated from dairy cattle and humans in washington state and new york state at a genotypic and phenotypic level. a total of 90 is ... | 2017 | 28389536 |
| a temperature-limited assessment of the risk of rift valley fever transmission and establishment in the continental united states of america. | the rapid spread of west nile virus across north america after its introduction in 1999 highlights the potential for foreign arboviruses to become established in the united states of america. of particular concern is rift valley fever virus (rvfv), which has been responsible for multiple african epidemics resulting in death of both humans and livestock, as well as major economic disruption due to livestock loss and trade restrictions. modern globalization, travel, and commerce allow viruses to e ... | 2012 | 22639118 |
| metal levels in eggs of waterbirds in the new york harbor (usa): trophic relationships and possible risk to human consumers. | health professionals are interested in evaluating the risks that heavy metals pose to eco-receptors and humans. the objective of this study was to examine levels of mercury (hg), lead (pb), cadmium (cd), and other contaminants in waterbirds nesting in the new york harbor in 2012 to determine (1) whether there were species and locational differences, and (2) whether consumption of eggs posed a health risk to predators or humans. for arsenic (as), pb, hg, and selenium (se), species contributed mor ... | 2015 | 25424617 |
| producer survey of bird-livestock interactions in commercial dairies. | the objective of this producer survey was to identify and estimate damage caused by bird-livestock interactions in commercial dairies. the interactions between birds and livestock have previously been implicated in causing economic damage while contributing to the environmental dissemination of microorganisms pathogenic to livestock and humans. very little research exists to help producers understand what bird species use dairies, why they use dairies, or the scope and nature of damage created a ... | 2012 | 22981584 |
| a novel a(h7n2) influenza virus isolated from a veterinarian caring for cats in a new york city animal shelter causes mild disease and transmits poorly in the ferret model. | in december 2016, a low-pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) a(h7n2) virus was identified to be the causative source of an outbreak in a cat shelter in new york city, which subsequently spread to multiple shelters in the states of new york and pennsylvania. one person with occupational exposure to infected cats became infected with the virus, representing the first lpai h7n2 virus infection in a human in north america since 2003. considering the close contact that frequently occurs between companio ... | 2017 | 28515300 |
| dogs entering the united states from rabies-endemic countries, 2011-2012. | international dog imports pose a risk because of the potential movement of disease agents, including the canine rabies virus variant which has been eliminated from the united states since 2007. us regulations require a rabies vaccination certificate for dogs arriving from rabies-endemic countries, but permit the importation of dogs that have not been adequately immunized against rabies, provided that the dogs are confined under conditions that restrict their contact with humans and other animals ... | 2015 | 25244531 |
| prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in new york state, usa. | sera collected from 299 white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) harvested in new york state by hunters in november 2010 were assayed for anti-toxoplasma gondii igg antibodies. white-tailed deer are a useful sentinel for risk of human and domestic animal exposure to toxoplasma oocysts and pose a potential risk for infection to humans and other animals by ingestion of the meat. white-tailed deer share grazing space with domestic animals raised for meat and are likely to be exposed by horizontal ... | 2013 | 24502721 |
| farm animal contact as risk factor for transmission of bovine-associated salmonella subtypes. | salmonellosis is usually associated with foodborne transmission. to identify risk from animal contact, we compared animal exposures of case-patients infected with bovine-associated salmonella subtypes with those of control-patients infected with non-bovine-associated subtypes. we used data collected in new york and washington, usa, from march 1, 2008, through march 1, 2010. contact with farm animals during the 5 days before illness onset was significantly associated with being a case-patient (od ... | 2012 | 23171627 |
| the effect of polychlorinated biphenyls on the song of two passerine species. | polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) are synthetic chemical pollutants with demonstrated detrimental toxic and developmental effects on humans and wildlife. laboratory studies suggest that pcbs influence behavior due to their effects on endocrine and neurological systems, yet little is known about the behavioral consequences of sublethal pcb exposure in the field. additionally, specific pcb congener data (in contrast to total pcb load) is necessary to understand the possible effects of pcbs in livin ... | 2013 | 24058475 |
| efficacy of an ospa vaccine preparation for prevention of lyme disease in new york state. | a multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was done comparing a 30-microgram dose of a single protein recombinant ospa vaccine preparation with a saline placebo for efficacy in prevention of lyme disease in humans. the ospa vaccine (30-microgram dose) or saline placebo was given intramuscularly at day 0, 1 month later, and 12 months later. cases of possible lyme disease were evaluated clinically and using culture, polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot assays. safety data are bein ... | 2007 | 9717677 |
| [arboviruses also have an american dream]. | some arboviruses that originated in the old world have been introduced by humans into the american continent. the first of them was the yellow fever virus, coming from the west african coast with slaves in the 17th-19th centuries, followed by dengue viruses, which were always prevalent within the americas. next was thewest nile virus, introduced in new york in 1999, that spread in only a few years over the whole continent. then, chikungunya virus arrived on saint martin island in 2013 after its ... | 2017 | 28509947 |
| evaluation of a neighborhood rat-management program--new york city, december 2007-august 2009. | the norway rat (rattus norvegicus) is a pervasive urban rodent that can carry a variety of pathogens transmissible to humans, bring stress to residents of infested neighborhoods, damage property, and cause financial loss. several areas of new york city have experienced persistent rat infestation despite a longstanding rat control program that employed property-level inspection and control measures triggered by individual citizen complaints, a common approach in urban areas. recognizing the need ... | 2012 | 22992570 |
| characterization of a feline influenza a(h7n2) virus. | during december 2016-february 2017, influenza a viruses of the h7n2 subtype infected ≈500 cats in animal shelters in new york, ny, usa, indicating virus transmission among cats. a veterinarian who treated the animals also became infected with feline influenza a(h7n2) virus and experienced respiratory symptoms. to understand the pathogenicity and transmissibility of these feline h7n2 viruses in mammals, we characterized them in vitro and in vivo. feline h7n2 subtype viruses replicated in the resp ... | 2018 | 29260686 |
| harmful algal bloom-associated illnesses in humans and dogs identified through a pilot surveillance system - new york, 2015. | cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, are photosynthetic, aquatic organisms found in fresh, brackish, and marine water around the world (1). rapid proliferation and accumulation of potentially toxin-producing cyanobacteria characterize one type of harmful algal bloom (hab). habs have the potential to cause illness in humans and animals (2,3); however, the epidemiology of these illnesses has not been well characterized. statewide in 2015, a total of 139 habs were identified in new york, ... | 2017 | 29095808 |
| association of silicofluoride treated water with elevated blood lead. | previous epidemiological studies have associated silicofluoride-treated community water with enhanced child blood lead parameters. chronic, low-level dosage of silicofluoride (sif) has never been adequately tested for health effects in humans. we report here on a statistical study of 151,225 venous blood lead (vbl) tests taken from children ages 0-6 inclusive, living in 105 communities of populations from 15,000 to 75,000. the tests are part of a sample collected by the new york state department ... | 2000 | 11233755 |
| case report: a cluster of three leptospirosis cases in a new york city abattoir and an unusual complication in the index case. | we report the case of a 46-year-old male abattoir worker who developed myalgias, shortness of breath, and irritability 2 weeks after sustaining a laceration to the hand with a knife at work. during his hospital evaluation for septic shock he was noted to be febrile, hypotensive, profoundly jaundiced with aseptic meningitis, and renal failure, and was diagnosed withleptospirosis interrogansinfection confirmed by serum and urine polymerase chain reaction. after standard antibiotic therapy and reco ... | 2017 | 29016310 |
| supersampling and network reconstruction of urban mobility. | understanding human mobility is of vital importance for urban planning, epidemiology, and many other fields that draw policies from the activities of humans in space. despite the recent availability of large-scale data sets of gps traces or mobile phone records capturing human mobility, typically only a subsample of the population of interest is represented, giving a possibly incomplete picture of the entire system under study. methods to reliably extract mobility information from such reduced d ... | 2015 | 26275237 |
| occurrence of benzophenone-3 in indoor air from albany, new york, usa, and its implications for inhalation exposure. | benzophenone-3 (bp-3) is a widespread environmental contaminant and an estrogenic compound. very little is known with regard to the occurrence in indoor air and the inhalation exposure of humans to bp-3. in this study, 81 indoor air samples were collected from various locations in albany, new york, usa, in 2014 and analyzed for bp-3 by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (hplc-ms/ms). bp-3 was found in all indoor air samples and the overall concentrations in bulk air ... | 2015 | 26282764 |
| subtyping novel zoonotic pathogen cryptosporidium chipmunk genotype i. | cryptosporidium chipmunk genotype i is an emerging zoonotic pathogen in humans. the lack of subtyping tools makes it impossible to determine the role of zoonotic transmission in epidemiology. to identify potential subtyping markers, we sequenced the genome of a human chipmunk genotype i isolate. altogether, 9,509,783 bp of assembled sequences in 853 contigs were obtained, with an n50 of 117,886 bp and >200-fold coverage. based on the whole-genome sequence data, two genetic markers encoding the 6 ... | 2015 | 25762767 |
| organobromine compound profiling in human adipose: assessment of sources of bromophenol. | bromophenols (brps) have been widely detected in human tissues, however, relative proportions from natural products and/or anthropogenic flame retardants are not clear. 21 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes), 15 meo/oh-pbdes, and 10 brps were simultaneously quantified in adipose collected from people from new york city, usa. an in vitro assay utilizing human liver microsomes was performed for detected predominant organobromine. high concentrations of 2,4,6-tribrp and pbdes were observed, and ... | 2015 | 25935608 |
| identifying common patterns in diverse systems: effects of exurban development on birds of the adirondack park and the greater yellowstone ecosystem, usa. | we examined the impacts of exurban development on bird communities in essex county, new york and madison county, montana by comparing differences in abundance of songbirds between subdivisions and control sites in both regions. we hypothesized that impacts to bird communities would be greater in the relatively homogeneous, closed canopy adirondack forest of northern new york state than they would be in the more naturally heterogeneous grasslands interspersed with trees and shrubs of the greater ... | 2015 | 25421994 |
| benzothiazoles in indoor air from albany, new york, usa, and its implications for inhalation exposure. | benzothiazole and its derivatives (collectively referred to bths) are used widely in many consumer (e.g., textiles) and industrial (e.g., rubber) products. very little is known about the occurrence of bths in indoor air and the inhalation exposure of humans to these substances. in this study, 81 indoor air samples collected from various locations in albany, new york, usa, in 2014 were analyzed for bths by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (hplc-ms/ms). bths were fou ... | 2016 | 26954474 |
| widespread occurrence and accumulation of bisphenol a diglycidyl ether (badge), bisphenol f diglycidyl ether (bfdge) and their derivatives in human blood and adipose fat. | despite the widespread use of bisphenol a diglycidyl ether (badge) and bisphenol f diglycidyl ether (bfdge) in various consumer products, studies on human exposure to these compounds are scarce. in this study, badge, bfdge, and seven of their derivatives were determined in human adipose fat and blood plasma samples collected from new york city, ny. bisphenol a bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) ether [badge·2h2o] was the major badge derivative found in 60% of the adipose samples and 70% of the plasma sam ... | 2015 | 25679329 |
| accumulation of 19 environmental phenolic and xenobiotic heterocyclic aromatic compounds in human adipose tissue. | the extensive use of environmental phenols (e.g., bisphenol a) and heterocyclic aromatic compounds (e.g., benzothiazole) in consumer products as well as widespread exposure of humans to these compounds have been well documented. biomonitoring studies have used urinary measurements to assess exposures, based on the assumption that these chemicals are metabolized and eliminated in urine. despite the fact that some of these chemicals are moderately lipophilic, the extent of their accumulation in ad ... | 2015 | 25749637 |
| jane cooke wright (1919-2013): pioneering oncologist, woman and humanitarian. | jane wright was a fundamental researcher in cancer chemotherapy in the 1950s-1980s and was one of the first scientists to test anti-cancer drugs on humans rather than solely on mice, discovering the use of the popular antimetabolite drug methotrexate on solid tumours. from her research she was able to conclude which specific anti-cancer agents would have the greatest lethal effect on a patient's certain cancer type and she invented a method of delivering chemotherapy agents directly to an intern ... | 2016 | 24585629 |
| forest fragmentation and risk of giardiasis in new york state. | in the united states, giardiasis is endemic in northern and northeastern states, but its ecology and epidemiology remain elusive. the underlying physical landscape may play a role in shaping points of contact between humans, animals, and giardia cysts. this study examined 11 years of surveillance data in new york state to measure the relationship between forest fragmentation and the incidence of giardiasis. adjusted poisson models showed that increasing points of contact between forested land an ... | 2013 | 24142462 |
| occurrence of and dietary exposure to parabens in foodstuffs from the united states. | parabens are esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and are widely used as preservatives in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, foodstuffs, including beverages. information on the occurrence of parabens in foodstuffs and dietary exposure of humans to these chemicals is not available. in this study, food samples (n = 267) collected from albany, new york, united states, were grouped into eight categories, namely, beverages, dairy products, fats and oils, fish and shellfish, grains, meat, fruits, and vegetables, ... | 2013 | 23506043 |
| quantitative risk assessment of the new york state operated west valley radioactive waste disposal area. | this article is based on a quantitative risk assessment (qra) that was performed on a radioactive waste disposal area within the western new york nuclear service center in western new york state. the qra results were instrumental in the decision by the new york state energy research and development authority to support a strategy of in-place management of the disposal area for another decade. the qra methodology adopted for this first of a kind application was a scenario-based approach in the fr ... | 2010 | 20412517 |
| organotin compounds, including butyltins and octyltins, in house dust from albany, new york, usa. | organotin compounds (ots) have been used in a wide variety of consumer products. despite this, very few studies have reported the occurrence of ots in house dust or exposure of humans to ots through the ingestion of house dust. in the present study, concentrations of monobutyltin (mbt), dibutyltin (dbt), tributyltin (tbt), monooctyltin (mot), dioctyltin (dot), trioctyltin (tot), diphenyltin (dpt), and triphenyltin (tpt) were measured in dust collected from 24 houses in albany, new york, usa. in ... | 2010 | 20379706 |
| prenatal phthalate exposure and performance on the neonatal behavioral assessment scale in a multiethnic birth cohort. | we investigated the relationship between prenatal maternal urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites and neonatal behavior in their 295 children enrolled in a multiethnic birth cohort between 1998 and 2002 at the mount sinai school of medicine in new york city. trained examiners administered the brazelton neonatal behavioral assessment scale (bnbas) to children within 5 days of delivery. we measured metabolites of 7 phthalate esters in maternal urine that was collected between 25 and 40 we ... | 2009 | 19375452 |
| hypospadias rates in new york state are not increasing. | the testicular dysgenesis syndrome describes urogenital abnormalities associated with exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors such as phthalates, specifically decreased semen quality, and increased rates of testis cancer and hypospadias. recently there has been concern that these abnormalities described in animal studies may also be present in humans. to determine if hypospadias rates are increasing, we retrospectively reviewed the total prevalence of hypospadias in new york state from 19 ... | 2009 | 19303092 |
| dietary flavonoid intake and breast cancer risk among women on long island. | flavonoids are found in a variety of foods and have anticarcinogenic properties in experimental models. few epidemiologic studies have examined whether flavonoid intake is associated with breast cancer in humans. in this study, the authors investigated whether dietary flavonoid intake was associated with reduced risk of breast cancer in a population-based sample of us women. they conducted a case-control study among women who resided in nassau and suffolk counties on long island, new york. cases ... | 2007 | 17158855 |
| evidence of an age-related threshold effect of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) on neuropsychological functioning in a native american population. | polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) have been suspected for some time of having adverse effects on neuropsychological functioning in humans. while there is evidence of slowing of cognitive function in children associated with exposure to pcbs, the evidence of comparable effects on adults is far less well understood. we report here on the neuropsychological evaluation of 277 native american adults, ranging in age from 18 to 79, who were exposed to pcbs by way of environmental contamination in the st ... | 2009 | 19041090 |
| twenty-first century brain banking: practical prerequisites and lessons from the past: the experience of new york brain bank, taub institute, columbia university. | generally accepted methods for processing postmortem brains are lacking, despite the efforts of pioneers in the field, and the growing awareness of the importance of brain banking for investigating the pathogenesis of illnesses unique to humans. standardizing methods requires compromises, institutional or departmental mindset promoting collaboration, and the willingness to share ideas, information, and samples. a sound balance between competition and institutional interests is needed to best ful ... | 2008 | 18581261 |
| in vivo facial tissue depth study of chinese-american adults in new york city. | this study examines facial tissue depth in adult chinese-americans. using ultrasound, measurements were taken at 19 landmarks across the faces of 101 individuals aged from 18 to 87 years. summary statistics are reported for a sample of 67 individuals of normal weight (as determined by a body mass index [bmi] of 19-25). statistical analyses were used to assess relationships between tissue thickness, age, and bmi. results indicate that no significant relationship exists between tissue thickness an ... | 2011 | 21210802 |
| pcb exposure and in vivo cyp1a2 activity among native americans. | cytochrome p-450 1a2 (cyp1a2) is an enzyme involved in the metabolic activation of some carcinogens and is believed to be induced by xenobiotics. very few studies, however, have investigated the association between environmental exposures and in vivo cyp1a2 activity in humans. to address this issue, a study was conducted of cyp1a2 activity among native americans exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) from the consumption of fish from the st. lawrence river. at the mohawk nation at akwesasne ... | 2005 | 15743714 |
| lung cancer in humans is not associated with lifetime total alcohol consumption or with genetic variation in alcohol dehydrogenase 3 (adh3). | although there is clear evidence that smoking is the primary risk factor for lung cancer, not all variation in disease risk is understood. there is some evidence that alcohol may contribute to risk. we examined lifetime and recent (12-24 mo previous) alcohol consumption in relation to risk of lung cancer in a case-control study in western new york. in addition we examined the alcohol dehydrogenase 3 (adh3) genotype in relation to lung cancer risk; adh3 is rate limiting in alcohol metabolism and ... | 2003 | 14608084 |
| exposures associated with serum organochlorine levels among postmenopausal women from western new york state. | organochlorines, such as 2,2-bis (4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (dde), polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), and hexachlorobenzene (hcb) are lipophilic compounds that are ubiquitous in the environment and may cause adverse health effects in humans. | 2002 | 11813215 |
| special issue dedicated in memory of dr. edward h. ahrens, jr. | this special issue of the "cardiovascular drug reviews" is dedicated in memory of dr. edward h. ahrens, jr., who died on dec. 9th, 2000 at the princeton medical center in new jersey at the age of 85. dr. ahrens was the director of the lipid metabolism laboratory at the rockefeller university. dr. alexander scriabine conceived the idea for the issue at the special memorial symposium held at the rockefeller university on feb. 05, 2002 under the auspices of the new york lipid and vascular biology r ... | 2002 | 12481196 |
| polychlorinated biphenyls, cytochrome p4501a1 polymorphism, and postmenopausal breast cancer risk. | in experimental systems, polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) induce cytochrome p4501a1 (cyp1a1), which is involved in metabolism of steroid hormones and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in humans. a genetic polymorphism coding for a valine to isoleucine substitution in exon 7 has been associated with lung cancer risk in japanese populations. in a previous study, we found no association between cyp1a1 genotype and breast cancer risk. however, we were interested in determining whether genotype would ... | 1999 | 9950238 |
| [a day in the world of aids]. | world aids day, celebrated on december 1, was designed to create global consciousness about the magnitude of the epidemic, and the issues and problems those affected face every day. in new york city, various community agencies united to send a message to mayor guliani. the message was that, for those living with aids, a cut in funding is not a question of quality of life, but of life or death. aids sufferers are humans who are loved and respected. the names of thousands of victims of aids were r ... | 2006 | 11362476 |
| north american brugian filariasis: report of nine infections of humans. | nine people living in rhode island, new york, pennsylvania, florida, or california acquired autochthonous brugian filariasis. each patient had an enlarged lymph node containing a single worm or, in one patient, a pair of worms. most worms were in lymphatic vessels within the node, but two worms were in the substance of the node. ten worms were studied, seven female and three male. female worms contained paired uteri that occupied most of the body cavity of the worm, and male worms contained a si ... | 1986 | 3789271 |
| pesticides in groundwater: the aldicarb story in suffolk county, ny. | aldicarb, a carbamate pesticide, was detected for the first time in groundwater in suffolk county, new york, in august 1979. although all laboratory and field studies indicated that the pesticide could not reach groundwater, a combination of circumstances allowed its residues not only to reach groundwater but also to be ingested by humans. inquiries in hospitals and poison control centers did not reveal any cases of carbamate poisoning. the extensive monitoring program, conducted by the county i ... | 1982 | 7137437 |