| viewpoint: developing a research ethics consultation service to foster responsive and responsible clinical research. | although clinical ethics has become a central, and welcome, component of the health care landscape, research ethics consultation services are still uncommon. indeed, the usual approach to ethical concerns in research with human subjects has been primarily a regulatory one. nonetheless, ethical problems also arise in the context of research and thus collaborations between investigators and research ethicists are as essential as those between physicians and clinical ethicists. the authors argue th ... | 2007 | 17726404 |
| integrating multiple programme and policy approaches to hepatitis c prevention and care for injection drug users: a comprehensive approach. | new york state is home to an estimated 230,000 individuals chronically infected with hepatitis c virus (hcv) and roughly 171,500 active injection drug users (idus). hcv/hiv co-infection is common and models of service delivery that effectively meet idus' needs are required. a hcv strategic plan has stressed integration. | 2007 | 17854731 |
| the role of home in hiv/aids: a visual approach to understanding human-environment interactions in the context of long-term illness. | to better understand the human-environment experience, particularly within the context of chronic illness, eight hiv-positive participants provided a guided tour of the interior and exterior spaces of their residence. a video camera recorded all visual and verbal elements of the tours so that the interviewer could more accurately represent each individual's story of illness as it pertained to his or her home. four primary roles of the home were identified which include self-expression, control, ... | 2008 | 17855152 |
| predictors of homelessness among older adults in new york city: disability, economic, human and social capital and stressful events. | we interviewed 61 housed and 79 homeless adults aged 55 and over about disability; economic, human and social capital; and stressful life events prior to becoming homeless. over half of the homeless group had previously led conventional lives. human capital, social capital and life events were more important than disability or economic capital in predicting homelessness. the homeless adults were younger, more likely to be male and better educated than housed adults, but had shorter job tenure an ... | 2007 | 17855456 |
| distributions of pharmaceuticals in an urban estuary during both dry- and wet-weather conditions. | pharmaceuticals and selected major human metabolites are ubiquitous in jamaica bay, a wastewater-impacted estuary at concentrations in the low ng/l to low/microg/l range. concentrations throughout the bay are often consistent with conservative behavior during dry-weather conditions, as evidenced by nearly linear concentration-salinity relationships. deviation from conservative behavior is noted for some pharmaceuticals and attributed to microbial degradation. caffeine, cotinine, nicotine, and pa ... | 2007 | 17874789 |
| administration of inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine to parents of high-risk infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. | infants who are younger than 6 months and have influenza demonstrate significant morbidity and mortality. trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine is indicated for parents and household contacts of these infants; however, the influenza vaccination rate in this population is estimated at 30%. the objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine administration to parents in a tertiary-care, level iii nicu and measure the effect of this program on v ... | 2007 | 17766502 |
| enterocytozoon bieneusi in mature dairy cattle on farms in the eastern united states. | fecal specimens were obtained from mature milking cows on farms in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida. polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-positive specimens for enterocytozoon bieneusi were found in 24 of 541 cows examined (4.4%) and on 12 of 14 farms. the prevalence of e. bieneusi varied considerably from farm to farm, with the lowest prevalence (2.3%) on fl-2 and the highest prevalence (12.5%) on vt-2. none of the cows exhibited signs of diarrhea. all ... | 2007 | 17899197 |
| comparative fetal mortality in maternal virus diseases. a prospective study on rubella, measles, mumps, chicken pox and hepatitis. | comparative data on fetal and neonatal deaths following maternal mumps, rubella, hepatitis, chicken pox and measles were obtained in a prospective study in new york city from 1957 to 1964, inclusive. the evidence pointed to an increase in early fetal death rate after rubella and mumps and an increase in perinatal mortality after rubella and hepatitis. a significant increase in these rates was not demonstrable for chicken pox and measles in the selected population studied and under the conditions ... | 1966 | 17926883 |
| the effects of multifocal refractive lenses on occipital extension and forward head posture during a visual task. | the purpose of this study was to determine if a change in forward head posture and occipital extension occurred in participants who wore multifocal lenses vs. those persons with non-multifocal lenses while performing an 8-min visual reading task on a visual display unit (vdu). forty-two healthy human participants were recruited for this study. thirty-three participants completed the study. fourteen participants wore multifocal lenses and 19 wore frames with non-multifocal lenses. to evaluate the ... | 2007 | 17852377 |
| phylogenetic analysis reveals the global migration of seasonal influenza a viruses. | the winter seasonality of influenza a virus in temperate climates is one of the most widely recognized, yet least understood, epidemiological patterns in infectious disease. central to understanding what drives the seasonal emergence of this important human pathogen is determining what becomes of the virus during the non-epidemic summer months. herein, we take a step towards elucidating the seasonal emergence of influenza virus by determining the evolutionary relationship between populations of ... | 2007 | 17941707 |
| how can hepatitis c be prevented in the long term? | significant advances have been made in preventing hiv infection among injectors but we still know little about preventing hepatitis c (hcv). both prevalence and incidence of hepatitis c can remain high among idus even in the context of widespread implementation of harm reduction programmes. we need to develop new ways to fill the knowledge gap regarding hcv prevention. one way is to learn from the experts--those idus who, after long-term injection in social milieus of high hepatitis c prevalence ... | 2007 | 17854720 |
| prevalence and risk factors for clinically significant drug interactions with antiretroviral therapy. | to identify the prevalence and types of clinically significant drug interactions (csdis) in the drug regimens of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection who were receiving antiretroviral therapy, and to explore risk factors for these csdis. | 2007 | 17896893 |
| polymorphisms in nucleotide excision repair genes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-dna adducts, and breast cancer risk. | genes involved in the nucleotide excision repair (ner) pathway, which removes bulky dna adducts, are potential low-penetrance cancer susceptibility genes. we recently reported an association between detectable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah)-dna adducts and breast cancer risk. using a population-based breast cancer case-control study on long island, new york, we examined whether polymorphisms in ner genes modified the association between pah-dna adducts and breast cancer risk. we examined ... | 2007 | 17932351 |
| genetic polymorphisms in the apoptosis-associated genes fas and fasl and breast cancer risk. | fas and fas ligand (fasl) play key roles in apoptotic signaling and down-regulation of this pathway may facilitate tumorigenesis. alterations in apoptosis genes may affect cancer risk by influencing individual susceptibility to environmental carcinogens. using a population-based breast cancer case-control study on long island, new york, we examined whether polymorphisms in fas and fasl modified the association between breast cancer risk and a marker of environmental exposures, polycyclic aromati ... | 2007 | 17962219 |
| depleted uranium contamination by inhalation exposure and its detection after approximately 20 years: implications for human health assessment. | inhaled depleted uranium (du) aerosols are recognised as a distinct human health hazard and du has been suggested to be responsible in part for illness in both military and civilian populations that may have been exposed. this study aimed to develop and use a testing procedure capable of detecting an individual's historic milligram-quantity aerosol exposure to du up to 20 years after the event. this method was applied to individuals associated with or living proximal to a du munitions plant in c ... | 2008 | 17976690 |
| traumatic arteriovenous fistula due to an old gunshot injury: a victim from the afghanistan war. | a 75-year-old man referred to the outpatient vascular surgery clinic of taleghani hospital (shaheed beheshti university of medicine, tehran, iran) due to a local nontender mass in his groin. in his history, it was discovered that the mass had appeared a few months after a gunshot injury. he had a history of shortness of breath with a new york heart association functional class fluctuating between ii and iii, but no history of smoking or addiction. in the physical examination, a 5-cm by 5-cm nonp ... | 2007 | 17985781 |
| conspicuous impacts of inconspicuous hosts on the lyme disease epidemic. | emerging zoonotic pathogens are a constant threat to human health throughout the world. control strategies to protect public health regularly fail, due in part to the tendency to focus on a single host species assumed to be the primary reservoir for a pathogen. here, we present evidence that a diverse set of species can play an important role in determining disease risk to humans using lyme disease as a model. host-targeted public health strategies to control the lyme disease epidemic in north a ... | 2008 | 18029304 |
| acute respiratory disease associated with adenovirus serotype 14--four states, 2006-2007. | adenovirus serotype 14 (ad14) is a rarely reported but emerging serotype of adenovirus that can cause severe and sometimes fatal respiratory illness in patients of all ages, including healthy young adults. in may 2006, an infant in new york aged 12 days died from respiratory illness caused by ad14. during march-june 2007, a total of 140 additional cases of confirmed ad14 respiratory illness were identified in clusters of patients in oregon, washington, and texas. fifty-three (38%) of these patie ... | 2007 | 18004235 |
| population vulnerabilities and capacities related to health: a test of a model. | variability in the health of human populations is greater in economically vulnerable areas. we tested whether this variability reflects and can be explained by: (1) underlying vulnerabilities and capacities of populations and/or (2) differences in the distribution of individual socioeconomic status between populations. health outcomes were rates of mortality from 12 causes (cardiovascular disease, malignant neoplasms, accidents, chronic lower respiratory disease, cerebrovascular disease, pneumon ... | 2008 | 18022302 |
| human subjects protection in a study of caregivers of community-residing persons with dementia. | this article describes the processes and methods used to protect human subjects during a joint research project undertaken by a state health department and a university-based research team. the use of a statewide registry to obtain a sample of primary caregivers of persons with dementia provided a unique opportunity for the research team to interview a large and representative sample of caregivers. at the same time, it raised complex issues regarding the privacy of the primary caregivers and the ... | 2000 | 18019958 |
| herpes simplex virus-2 and hiv among noninjecting drug users in new york city. | to examine the relationship between herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) seroprevalence and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seroprevalence among noninjecting heroin and cocaine users in new york city. | 2007 | 18049425 |
| nonpharmaceutical interventions implemented during the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic. | | 2007 | 18029825 |
| tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa) and hexabromocyclododecanes (hbcds) in tissues of humans, dolphins, and sharks from the united states. | concentrations of tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa) and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-isomers of hexabromocyclododecanes (hbcds) were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-esi-ms/ms) in human adipose tissue obtained in new york city, and in three marine top-level predators--bottlenose dolphin, bull shark, and atlantic sharpnose shark--collected from coastal waters of florida, usa. the overall mean concentrations (mean+/-sd) of tbbpa and hbcds were 0.048+/-0.102 and 0.333+/-0.57 ... | 2008 | 18037156 |
| the role of vitamin d3 in preventing infections. | | 2008 | 18056725 |
| does the effect of pm10 on mortality depend on pm nickel and vanadium content? a reanalysis of the nmmaps data. | lack of knowledge regarding particulate matter (pm) characteristics associated with toxicity is a crucial research gap. short-term effects of pm can vary by location, possibly reflecting regional differences in mixtures. a report by lippmann et al. [lippmann et al., environ health perspect 114:1662-1669 (2006)] analyzed mortality effect estimates from the national morbidity, mortality, and air pollution study (nmmaps) for 1987-1994. they found that average concentrations of nickel or vanadium in ... | 2007 | 18087586 |
| comments on the nonpharmaceutical interventions in new york city and chicago during the 1918 flu pandemic. | this commentary was originally published in cidrap news and it is here reported almost verbatim to allow divulgation through open access. the editorial summarizes john barry's concerns about the value of accurate historical reporting and its implications in public policy determination. this short abstract was written by the editor-in-chief of the journal of translational medicine to introduce the editorial. | 2007 | 18072975 |
| assessment of inhalation exposures and potential health risks to the general population that resulted from the collapse of the world trade center towers. | in the days following the collapse of the world trade center (wtc) towers on september 11, 2001 (9/11), the u.s. environmental protection agency (epa) initiated numerous air monitoring activities to better understand the ongoing impact of emissions from that disaster. using these data, epa conducted an inhalation exposure and human health risk assessment to the general population. this assessment does not address exposures and potential impacts that could have occurred to rescue workers, firefig ... | 2007 | 18076491 |
| making the connections: community capacity for tobacco control in an urban african american community. | developing community capacity to improve health is a cornerstone of community-based public health. the concept of community capacity reflects numerous facets and dimensions of community life and can have different meanings in different contexts. this paper explores how members of one community identify and interpret key aspects of their community's capacity to limit the availability and use of tobacco products. particular attention is given to examining the interrelationship between various dime ... | 2008 | 18080743 |
| nicu lactation consultant increases percentage of outborn versus inborn babies receiving human milk. | to determine the effect of a dedicated lactation consultant (lc) on the percentage of neonates receiving any human milk in the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) and at discharge over time. | 2008 | 18094704 |
| genetic relationships of jamestown canyon virus strains infecting mosquitoes collected in connecticut. | jamestown canyon virus (jcv) (family bunyaviridae, genus orthobunyavirus) is maintained in a mosquito-deer cycle and has been implicated in the etiology of meningitis and encephalitis with human cases reported from ontario, canada, michigan, connecticut, and new york. despite the recognition of symptomatic cases in the northeastern united states, little is known about the genetic relationships of jcv variants circulating in this region. accordingly, we compared the phylogenetic relationships of ... | 2007 | 18165540 |
| trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine compliance rate in neonatal intensive care unit parents. | the american academy of pediatrics (aap) recommends injected, inactivated influenza vaccine for all close contacts of high-risk infants. this population includes parents of infants younger than 59 months of age, with an emphasis on children 0-6 months who are not direct candidates for immunization. this 0-6 month age group is a major component of the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) population. no data exist on the compliance rate with influenza vaccine in this specific parent population. the ... | 2007 | 18097211 |
| population prevalence of reported and unreported hiv and related behaviors among the household adult population in new york city, 2004. | surveillance for hiv likely underestimates infection among the general population: 25% of us residents are estimated to be unaware of their hiv infection. | 2008 | 18097231 |
| richard selzer: premiere american surgeon-writer. | richard selzer (b.1928) is one of the most prominent american surgeon-authors alive today. only sherwin nuland (b.1930), from yale university medical school as selzer was, carries the same outstanding virtues of good surgery and excellent writing. recently, atul gawande (b. 1965) has taken a road similar to these two distinguished predecessors. selzer has produced 14 books of superb scholarship and immense value for the active and committed surgeon. he describes, with unusual grace and wit, diff ... | 2007 | 18097871 |
| influenza-testing and antiviral-agent prescribing practices--connecticut, minnesota, new mexico, and new york, 2006-07 influenza season. | influenza is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the united states, with an average of 36,000 deaths attributed to the disease annually. patients with influenza-like illness (ili) often are evaluated by their primary-care physicians (pcps). antiviral therapy initiated within 48 hours of ili symptom onset can shorten the course of influenza illness; antiviral therapy also is used as chemoprophylaxis for influenza, particularly in institutions and communities. early laboratory diagnosis an ... | 2008 | 18219266 |
| breastfeeding and infant illness in low-income, minority women: a prospective cohort study of the dose-response relationship. | the authors' objective was to determine whether cumulative weekly breastfeeding duration by 13 weeks was associated with infant otitis media, respiratory and gastrointestinal illness, and total illness visits up to 12 months. the authors performed a secondary analysis of data from a randomized clinical trial of low-income, primarily hispanic and black women enrolled from 2 medical center affiliated clinics. "breastfeeding sensitive" (bfs) outpatient and emergency room (er) visit data for the abo ... | 2008 | 18281352 |
| us civilian smallpox preparedness and response program, 2003. | variola virus, the cause of smallpox disease, has been deemed a possible bioterrorism agent. since november 2001, federal, state, and local public health partners implemented activities to prepare for a possible smallpox outbreak. the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) produced and delivered training and educational materials for smallpox preparedness in many formats, developed detailed smallpox vaccine information statements about vaccine contraindications and vaccination site car ... | 2008 | 18284355 |
| gender of pediatric recombinant human growth hormone recipients in the united states and globally. | gender disparities were found in reports of early pediatric recombinant human gh (rhgh) use in the united states. with rhgh entering its third decade, we sought to examine u.s. gender-based treatment patterns and how these patterns compare with that of other countries. | 2008 | 18334582 |
| markers for hepatitis a, b and c in methadone maintained patients: an unexpectedly high co-infection with silent hepatitis b. | to determine the prevalence of hepatitis a, b and c viruses in patients attending a methadone maintenance clinic in new york city. | 2008 | 18339114 |
| assessment of interactions between pah exposure and genetic polymorphisms on pah-dna adducts in african american, dominican, and caucasian mothers and newborns. | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) are widespread pollutants commonly found in air, food, and drinking water. benzo[a]pyrene is a well-studied representative pah found in air from fossil fuel combustion and a transplacental carcinogen experimentally. pahs bind covalently to dna to form dna adducts, an indicator of dna damage, and an informative biomarker of potential cancer risk. associations between pah-dna adduct levels and both cancer risk and developmental deficits have been seen in prev ... | 2008 | 18268125 |
| voices from the battlefield: reports of the daily experiences of urban black mothers. | there are persistent disparities in maternal child health in the united states. in this study i used an ethnographic design to portray the everyday lives of 130 black, low-income, urban mothers. the women described daily battles related to a lack of material and human resources. to deal with these challenges, they assumed the role of soldiers, developed new tactical maneuvers, trusted in god for justice, shared their resources with their comrades, took short-lived breaks when they were wounded i ... | 2008 | 18350419 |
| factors associated with the prevalence and incidence of trichomonas vaginalis infection among african american women in new york city who use drugs. | trichomoniasis vaginalis, the most prevalent nonviral sexually transmitted infection, is associated with negative reproductive outcomes and increased hiv transmission and may be overrepresented among african americans. | 2008 | 18275272 |
| evaluation of pathways for release of rift valley fever virus into domestic ruminant livestock, ruminant wildlife, and human populations in the continental united states. | to evaluate the feasibility for rift valley fever virus (rvfv) to enter the continental united states by various routes as well as to identify states in which domestic and wild ruminant and human populations would be most vulnerable to exposure to rvfv. | 2008 | 18279085 |
| greater drug injecting risk for hiv, hbv, and hcv infection in a city where syringe exchange and pharmacy syringe distribution are illegal. | comparing drug-injecting risk between cities that differ in the legality of sterile syringe distribution for injection drug use provides a natural experiment to assess the efficacy of legalizing sterile syringe distribution as a structural intervention to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and other parenterally transmitted infections among injection drug users (idus). this study compares the parenteral risk for hiv and hepatitis b (hbv) and c (hcv) infection among idus in newark, nj, us ... | 2008 | 18340537 |
| polymorphisms in rad51, xrcc2, and xrcc3 are not related to breast cancer risk. | | 2008 | 18398049 |
| a new addition to the mosquito fauna of the suny oneonta biological field station, otsego county, new york. | an apparent natural introduction and establishment of a population of anopheles walkeri into an ecological research site is documented. likelihood of introduction by human activity is discussed. | 2008 | 18437821 |
| seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 and characteristics associated with undiagnosed infection: new york city, 2004. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection is associated with substantial morbidity and increased risk for human immunodeficiency virus acquisition. we describe hsv-2 seroprevalence in adult new yorkers, and examine the relationship between select characteristics, infection, and diagnosis. | 2008 | 18418295 |
| availability of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine to parents of neonatal intensive care unit patients and its effect on the healthcare worker vaccination rate. | trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (tiv) is indicated for healthcare workers (hcws); however, the vaccination rate in this population is estimated at 35%. we implemented a program for the administration of tiv, targeted at parents of neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) patients. | 2008 | 18462142 |
| the genomic and epidemiological dynamics of human influenza a virus. | the evolutionary interaction between influenza a virus and the human immune system, manifest as 'antigenic drift' of the viral haemagglutinin, is one of the best described patterns in molecular evolution. however, little is known about the genome-scale evolutionary dynamics of this pathogen. similarly, how genomic processes relate to global influenza epidemiology, in which the a/h3n2 and a/h1n1 subtypes co-circulate, is poorly understood. here through an analysis of 1,302 complete viral genomes ... | 2008 | 18418375 |
| primary vaccine failure after 1 dose of varicella vaccine in healthy children. | universal immunization of young children with 1 dose of varicella vaccine was recommended in the united states in 1995, and it has significantly decreased the incidence of chickenpox. outbreaks of varicella, however, are reported among vaccinated children. although vaccine effectiveness has usually been 85%, rates as low as 44% have been observed. whether this is from primary or secondary vaccine failure-or both-is unclear. we tested serum samples from 148 healthy children immunized against vari ... | 2008 | 18419532 |
| effect of timing of amantadine chemoprophylaxis on severity of outbreaks of influenza a in adult long-term care facilities. | long-term care facilities (ltcfs) are vulnerable to outbreaks of influenza. there are limited data on the impact of antiviral chemoprophylaxis on the duration of outbreaks of influenza. we investigated the association of timely initiation of amantadine chemoprophylaxis on the duration and severity of outbreaks of influenza a in ltcfs in new york, new york. | 2008 | 18484879 |
| effects of behavioral intervention on substance use among people living with hiv: the healthy living project randomized controlled study. | reductions in substance use were examined in response to an intensive intervention with people living with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) (plh). | 2008 | 18494840 |
| [the establishment of psychiatric genetics in germany, great britain and the usa, ca. 1910-1960. to the inseparable history of eugenics and human genetics]. | the article reconstructs the emergence of institutionalized research programs in the field of psychiatric genetics. it focuses on the first institutions in this field in germany, the united kingdom, and the united states: the genealogisch-demographische abteilung (gda) at the deutsche forschungsanstalt für psychiatrie in munich founded in 1917/18; the program (later: department) of medical genetics at the new york state psychiatric institute, associated with columbia university, and founded in 1 ... | 2007 | 18447192 |
| dna hypermethylation and clinicopathological features in breast cancer: the western new york exposures and breast cancer (web) study. | aberrant dna hypermethylation of gene promoter regions has been increasingly recognized as a common molecular alteration in carcinogenesis. we evaluated the association between major clinicopathological features and hypermethylation of genes in tumors among 803 incidence breast cancer cases from a large population-based case-control study conducted in western new york state. dna samples were isolated from archive paraffin embedded tumor tissue and were analyzed for hypermethylation status of the ... | 2009 | 18463976 |
| summary of the development of a signature for detection of residual dust from collapse of the world trade center buildings. | the collapse of the world trade center (wtc) towers on september 11, 2001, caused lower manhattan and adjacent areas to be covered in millimeters to centimeters of dust. wtc dust penetrated into indoor spaces, and public health concerns remain regarding exposure to possible residual dust in the affected areas. the goal of the studies outlined in this review was to determine which, if any, components of the bulk wtc dust are sufficiently above typical background dust levels in new york city to de ... | 2009 | 18478046 |
| wtc medical monitoring and treatment program: comprehensive health care response in aftermath of disaster. | the attack on the world trade center (wtc) on september 11th, 2001 exposed thousands of individuals to an unprecedented mix of chemicals, combustion products and micronized building materials. clinicians at the mount sinai irving selikoff center for occupational and environmental medicine, in partnership with affected stakeholder organizations, developed a medical screening program to evaluate the health status of workers and volunteers who spent time at the wtc site and thus sustained exposure ... | 2008 | 18500708 |
| epidemiologic research on man-made disasters: strategies and implications of cohort definition for world trade center worker and volunteer surveillance program. | studies of long-term health consequences of disasters face unique methodologic challenges. the authors focused on studies of the health of cleanup and recovery workers, who are often poorly enumerated at the outset and difficult to follow over time. comparison of the experience at the world trade center disaster with 4 past incidents of chemical and radiation releases at seveso, italy; bhopal, india; chernobyl, ukraine; and three mile island, usa, provided useful contrasts. each event had method ... | 2008 | 18500709 |
| knowledge and misconceptions regarding upper respiratory infections and influenza among urban hispanic households: need for targeted messaging. | to characterize knowledge and misconceptions regarding viral upper respiratory infections (uri) among urban hispanics and identify correlates of greater knowledge. | 2009 | 18506622 |
| standardization of spirometry in assessment of responders following man-made disasters: world trade center worker and volunteer medical screening program. | spirometry is the most commonly used pulmonary function test to screen individuals for suspected lung disease. it is also used for screening workers with exposures to agents associated with pulmonary diseases. although the american thoracic society (ats) provides guidelines for spirometers and spirometry techniques, many factors are not standardized, so that results from individual pulmonary function laboratories vary substantially. these differences can create substantial difficulties in using ... | 2008 | 18500705 |
| comparative analysis of distribution and abundance of west nile and eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus vectors in suffolk county, new york, using human population density and land use/cover data. | five years of cdc light trap data from suffolk county, ny, were analyzed to compare the applicability of human population density (hpd) and land use/cover (luc) classification systems to describe mosquito abundance and to determine whether certain mosquito species of medical importance tend to be more common in urban (defined by hpd) or residential (defined by luc) areas. eleven study sites were categorized as urban or rural using u.s. census bureau data and by luc types using geographic informa ... | 2008 | 18533453 |
| project viva: a multilevel community-based intervention to increase influenza vaccination rates among hard-to-reach populations in new york city. | we sought to determine whether the work of a community-based participatory research partnership increased interest in influenza vaccination among hard-to-reach individuals in urban settings. | 2008 | 18511725 |
| risk factors for delayed initiation of medical care after diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus. | the full benefit of timely diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection is realized only if there is timely initiation of medical care. we used routine surveillance data to measure time to initiation of care in new york city residents diagnosed as having hiv by positive western blot test in 2003. | 2008 | 18541826 |
| sensitivity and specificity of a single emergency department measurement of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin for diagnosing acute kidney injury. | a single serum creatinine measurement cannot distinguish acute kidney injury from chronic kidney disease or prerenal azotemia. | 2008 | 18519927 |
| false-positive oral fluid rapid hiv tests--new york city, 2005-2008. | the new york city department of health and mental hygiene (nyc dohmh) operates 10 sexually transmitted disease (std) walk-in clinics offering various free services, including confidential or anonymous testing for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). in january 2004, the std clinics introduced on-site rapid hiv testing of finger-stick whole-blood specimens using the oraquick(r) brand test (orasure technologies, bethlehem, pennsylvania). in march 2005, the clinics replaced finger-stick whole-blood ... | 2008 | 18566566 |
| risk behaviors in a rural community with a known point-source exposure to chronic wasting disease. | the emergence and continuing spread of chronic wasting disease (cwd) in cervids has now reached 14 u.s. states, two canadian provinces, and south korea, producing a potential for transmission of cwd prions to humans and other animals globally. in 2005, cwd spread for the first time from the midwest to more densely populated regions of the east coast. as a result, a large cohort of individuals attending a wild game feast in upstate new york were exposed to a deer that was subsequently confirmed p ... | 2008 | 18577220 |
| ssi. denial of disability benefits affirmed for hiv-positive man. | | 2008 | 18584799 |
| west nile virus activity--united states, 2007. | west nile virus (wnv) is the leading cause of arboviral encephalitis in the united states. originally identified in africa in 1937, wnv was first detected in the western hemisphere in 1999 in new york city. since then, wnv has caused seasonal epidemics of febrile illness and neurologic disease in the united states. this report summarizes national wnv surveillance data for 2007. wnv transmission to humans or animals expanded into 19 counties that had not reported transmission previously and recur ... | 2008 | 18600197 |
| integrative genomics analysis of chromosome 5p gain in cervical cancer reveals target over-expressed genes, including drosha. | copy number gains and amplifications are characteristic feature of cervical cancer (cc) genomes for which the underlying mechanisms are unclear. these changes may possess oncogenic properties by deregulating tumor-related genes. gain of short arm of chromosome 5 (5p) is the most frequent karyotypic change in cc. | 2008 | 18559093 |
| one chip at a time: using technology to enhance youth development. | youth development programs have the potential to positively impact psychosocial growth and maturation in young adults. several youth development programs are capitalizing on youths' natural gravitation toward technology as well. research has shown that youth view technology and technologic literacy as positive and empowering, and that youth who master technology have increased self-esteem and better socioeconomic prospects than their counterparts. technology-centered youth development programs o ... | 2007 | 18605656 |
| the informatics for diabetes and education telemedicine (ideatel) project. | telemedicine is a promising but largely unproven technology for providing case management services to patients with chronic conditions who experience barriers to access to care or a high burden of illness. we conducted a randomized controlled trial comparing telemedicine case management to usual care, with blinding of those obtaining outcome data, in 1,665 medicare recipients with diabetes, aged 55 years or greater, and living in federally designated medically underserved areas of new york state ... | 2007 | 18528511 |
| same-sex attraction disclosure to health care providers among new york city men who have sex with men: implications for hiv testing approaches. | while the centers for disease control and prevention recommends at least annual human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) screening for men who have sex with men (msm), a large number of hiv infections among this population go unrecognized. we examined the association between disclosing to their medical providers (eg, physicians, nurses, physician assistants) same-sex attraction and self-reported hiv testing among msm in new york city, new york. | 2008 | 18625927 |
| landscape ecology of eastern coyotes based on large-scale estimates of abundance. | since their range expansion into eastern north america in the mid-1900s, coyotes (canis latrans) have become the region's top predator. although widespread across the region, coyote adaptation to eastern forests and use of the broader landscape are not well understood. we studied the distribution and abundance of coyotes by collecting coyote feces from 54 sites across a diversity of landscapes in and around the adirondacks of northern new york. we then genotyped feces with microsatellites and fo ... | 2008 | 18536259 |
| polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) in biota representing different trophic levels of the hudson river, new york: from 1999 to 2005. | it has been hypothesized that a principal route of human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes), used as flame retardants, is through fish consumption. between 1999 and 2005 pbde-47, -99, -100, -153, and -154 were analyzed in 3797 biological samples of 33 species of the hudson river, new york. approximately 98.4% of the samples contained pbdes between 0.5 and 37 169 ng g(-1) lipid, with a median concentration of 772 ng g(-1) lipid. yearly median sigmapbde concentrations fluctuated. s ... | 2008 | 18605551 |
| balamuthia mandrillaris, agent of amebic encephalitis: detection of serum antibodies and antigenic similarity of isolates by enzyme immunoassay. | we report the development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detecting antibodies to balamuthia mandrillaris, a free-living ameba that is an etiologic agent of granulomatous amebic encephalitis (gae). as part of the california encephalitis project (cep), we have tested serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples from a subgroup of 130 hospitalized encephalitis patients (out of approximately 430 samples) over a 16-month period. case criteria were based on clinical, laboratory, an ... | 2008 | 18681845 |
| teaching residents to work with torture survivors: experiences from the bronx human rights clinic. | despite the 1984 united nations's convention against torture calling to train doctors to work with torture survivors, many physicians are unaware of their obligation and few are taught the requisite clinical skills. | 2008 | 18612740 |
| epidermodysplasia verruciformis-associated and genital-mucosal high-risk human papillomavirus dna are prevalent in nevus sebaceus of jadassohn. | the hamartoma nevus sebaceus (ns) presents at birth or early childhood as a yellowish plaque characterized histologically by variable acanthosis, papillomatosis, sebaceus hyperplasia, and proliferations of adnexal structures. clinically apparent human papillomavirus (hpv) infection is also recognized by acanthosis and papillomatosis. | 2008 | 18638629 |
| human immunodeficiency virus partner elicitation and notification in new york city: public health does it better. | partner notification (pn) is an effective strategy to identify undiagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infections and to likely reduce hiv transmission. whereas published literature has documented the benefits of provider referral for hiv pn, determination of the optimal provider--health department staff or community clinician--has not been previously studied. this study examined whether pn conducted by new york city (nyc) disease intervention specialists (dis) is more successful than pn ... | 2008 | 18641535 |
| genomic dna methylation among women in a multiethnic new york city birth cohort. | one plausible mechanism for the environment to alter cancer susceptibility is through dna methylation. alterations in dna methylation can lead to genomic instability and altered gene transcription. genomic dna methylation levels have been inversely associated with age, suggesting that factors throughout life may be associated with declines in dna methylation. using information from a multiethnic new york city birth cohort (born between 1959 and 1963), we examined whether genomic dna methylation, ... | 2008 | 18768498 |
| public reporting of quality data for stroke: is it measuring quality? | public reporting of quality data is becoming more common and increasingly used to improve choices of patients, providers, and payers. we reviewed the scope and content of stroke data being reported to the public and how well it captures the quality of stroke care. | 2008 | 18772446 |
| comparison of cyp1a2 and nat2 phenotypes between black and white smokers. | the lower incidence rate of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in blacks than in whites may be due to racial differences in the catalytic activity of enzymes that metabolize carcinogenic arylamines in tobacco smoke. to examine this, we compared cytochrome p4501a2 (cyp1a2) and n-acetyltransferase-2 activities (nat2) in black and white smokers using urinary caffeine metabolites as a probe for enzyme activity in a community-based study of 165 black and 183 white cigarette smokers. t ... | 2008 | 18703023 |
| detection and typing of enteroviruses from csf specimens from patients diagnosed with meningitis/encephalitis. | human enteroviruses are the most common cause of viral meningitis. rapid enterovirus detection and identification is important in order to ruleout other causes of disease, initiate appropriate patient management and to aid in epidemiological investigations. | 2008 | 18692435 |
| preparing for disaster: response matrices in the usa and uk. | disasters, whether man-made or naturally occurring, require complex responses across multiple government agencies and private sector elements, including the media. these factors mandate that, for effective disaster management and because of the unpredictability of such events, response structures must be in place in advance, ready to be activated on short notice, with lines of responsibility clearly delineated and mechanisms for coordination of efforts already established. disaster response expe ... | 2008 | 18756376 |
| ssa. hiv-positive man denied disability benefits on appeal. | | 2008 | 18780473 |
| celiac disease in african american children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in inner city brooklyn. | there is a strong evidence for association between type 1 diabetes and celiac disease. up to 8% of patients with type1 diabetes have characteristic features of cd on small intestinal biopsy. type 1 diabetics who have hla dq2 or dq8 are at risk for cd. however most of this data is from studies conducted in europe, with mostly caucasian population. this study aims to identify the prevalence of celiac disease in african american children with type1 diabetes in inner city brooklyn, new york. | 2008 | 18806716 |
| outcome of dialysis in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection accounts for an unknown percentage of children with end-stage kidney disease (eskd). our objective was to compare the outcome of renal replacement therapy (rrt) in subjects with eskd due to hiv and other diagnoses and to examine the prevalence of eskd due to hiv. we analyzed kt/v, morbidity, mortality, echocardiography, nutritional, and transplant status in 12 dialysis patients with hiv and 32 without hiv followed at our center between february 2002 a ... | 2009 | 18810503 |
| borrelia burgdorferi genotype predicts the capacity for hematogenous dissemination during early lyme disease. | lyme disease, the most common tickborne disease in the united states, is caused exclusively by borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto in north america. the present study evaluated the genotypes of >400 clinical isolates of b. burgdorferi recovered from patients from suburban new york city with early lyme disease associated with erythema migrans; it is the largest number of borrelial strains from north america ever to be investigated. | 2008 | 18781866 |
| do medical students know enough about smoking to help their future patients? assessment of new york city fourth-year medical students' knowledge of tobacco cessation and treatment for nicotine addiction. | practicing physicians underutilize u.s. department of health and human services evidence-based approaches to nicotine addiction and treatment. few studies have assessed medical student knowledge in this area. this study examined new york city fourth-year medical students' knowledge of tobacco cessation and treatment of nicotine addiction. | 2008 | 18820533 |
| detection of nosocomial influenza outbreaks in long-term care facilities through active laboratory surveillance in new york city. | | 2008 | 18786455 |
| suppose they gave an epidemic and nobody came? | | 2008 | 18802852 |
| salt marsh as culex salinarius larval habitat in coastal new york. | culex salinarius is considered one of the most likely bridge vectors involved in the human transmission cycle of west nile virus (wnv) and eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus (eeev) in the northeastern usa. the larval habitats of this species in the coastal region of new york state are currently poorly known. between 2005 and 2007, a larval survey was carried out to identify and characterize possible larval habitats in suffolk county, encompassing natural and man-made freshwater wetlands, art ... | 2008 | 18939687 |
| the design and implementation of a multidisciplinary global health residency track at the mount sinai school of medicine. | the mount sinai global health center established a new multidisciplinary global health residency track (ghrt) in 2006. the goal of the ghrt is to provide participants with a foundation in global health issues and population-based health care, a chance to develop basic research and public health skills in the field, and guidance for career development. the authors describe how the ghrt was created, present its structure, and discuss their experience implementing this new program. other selected g ... | 2008 | 18820521 |
| residual oil combustion: a major source of airborne nickel in new york city. | on the basis of previous observations that: (1) both the nickel (ni) concentration in ambient air fine particulate matter (pm(2.5)) and daily mortality rates in new york city (nyc) were much higher than in any other us city; and (2) that peaks in ni concentration was strongly associated with cardiac function in a mouse model of atherosclerosis, we initiated a study of the spatial and seasonal distributions of ni in nyc and vicinity to determine the feasibility of productive human population-base ... | 2009 | 18841166 |
| new technologies in radiation therapy: ensuring patient safety, radiation safety and regulatory issues in radiation oncology. | new technologies such as intensity modulated and image guided radiation therapy, computer controlled linear accelerators, record and verify systems, electronic charts, and digital imaging have revolutionized radiation therapy over the past 10-15 y. quality assurance (qa) as historically practiced and as recommended in reports such as american association of physicists in medicine task groups 40 and 53 needs to be updated to address the increasing complexity and computerization of radiotherapy eq ... | 2008 | 18849700 |
| increased risk of suicide attempt in mood disorders and tph1 genotype. | the tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (tph1) gene is reported to be associated with suicidal behavior. this has not been confirmed by prospective studies of suicide and clinical or biological mediators of this genetic risk have not been identified. | 2009 | 18977032 |
| attitudes toward menopause in hiv-infected and at-risk women. | to study attitudes toward menopause in women with or at risk of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) aged 35 to 60 in new york city, ny, usa. | 2008 | 18982926 |
| perioperating nurses and technicians' perceptions of ergonomic risk factors in the surgical environment. | the aim of this study was to identify the magnitude and characteristics of work-related musculoskeletal complaints among perioperative nurses and technicians (pnt) and determine the associated ergonomic risk factors in the operating room (or) environment based on self-report and focus group discussion. the 50 pnts who participated in the study completed a self-report survey for musculoskeletal symptoms, job description questionnaire, and psychometric evaluation questionnaire, and participated in ... | 2009 | 19027099 |
| a novel group of rhinoviruses is associated with asthma hospitalizations. | although recent studies have identified new group c human rhinoviruses (hrvcs), their spectrum of pediatric disease is unknown. | 2009 | 19027147 |
| clinical characterization of human metapneumovirus infection among patients with cancer. | human metapneumovirus is a recently discovered rna virus that typically causes respiratory disease in children. it has been linked to severe lower airway disease in hematopoietic stem cell and solid-organ transplant recipients. hmpv infection in a large population of patients with underlying cancer and varying degrees of immunosuppression has not been reported. we sought to characterize hmpv infection in patients with cancer. | 2008 | 19027169 |
| preventing cervical cancer : overviews of the national breast and cervical cancer early detection program and 2 us immunization programs. | three federal programs with the potential to reduce cervical cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality, especially among underserved populations, are administered by the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc): the national breast and cervical cancer early detection program (nbccedp), the vaccines for children (vfc) program, and the section 317 immunization grant program. the nbccedp provides breast and cervical cancer screening and diagnostic services to uninsured and underinsured wom ... | 2008 | 18980296 |
| increased recognition of powassan encephalitis in the united states, 1999-2005. | powassan virus (powv) disease is a rare human disease caused by a tick-borne encephalitis group flavivirus maintained in a transmission cycle between ixodes cookei and other ixodid ticks and small and medium-sized mammals. during 1958-1998, only 27 powv disease cases (mostly powassan encephalitis) were reported from eastern canada and the northeastern united states (average, 0.7 cases per year). during 1999-2005, nine cases (described herein) of serologically confirmed powv disease were reported ... | 2008 | 18959500 |
| changes in maternal serum chlorinated pesticide concentrations across critical windows of human reproduction and development. | investigators often employ a single cross-sectional measure of in utero exposure when evaluating associations between organochlorine (ocs) pesticides/metabolites and adverse reproductive outcomes. few data are available on the stability of exposures to ocs over critical windows of human reproduction and development inclusive of the periconception window. our objective was to measures changes in oc concentrations prior to conception and throughout pregnancy or after 12 unsuccessful months attempt ... | 2009 | 18973878 |