| ultrastructural changes in the heart at high altitude. | | 1973 | 4578023 |
| carl reyher (1846-1890), great russian military surgeon: his demonstration of the role of debridement in gunshot wounds and fractures. | | 1973 | 4582600 |
| recent trends in human salmonellosis in england and wales: the epidemiology of prevalent serotypes other than salmonella typhimurium. | in the period 1960-70 meat and poultry products caused over 70% of successfully investigated outbreaks of human salmonellosis. the number of human incidents of salmonellosis declined from 1960 to 1966, but then more than doubled between 1966 and 1971. this increase was mainly due to a threefold increase of incidents of salmonella serotypes other than salmonella typhimurium. the serotypes which increased most and contributed significantly to this trend were s. enteritidis, s. panama, s. stanley, ... | 1974 | 4595088 |
| a survey of drug resistance in salmonella isolated from animals in england and wales during 1971. | | 1974 | 4601304 |
| swine vesicular disease: comparative studies of viruses isolated from different countries. | seven viruses isolated from outbreaks of swine vesicular disease in various countries between 1966 and 1973 were compared in pigs and infant mice. all produced a similar disease and virus excretion pattern in the pig, although the italy/66 virus was considerably less virulent than the other viruses. the results of cross neutralization tests of convalescent pig sera and the response of 5-day-old mice to intraperitoneal inoculation indicated minor differences between some viruses. the italy/66, ho ... | 1974 | 4607882 |
| actinobacillus equuli infection in a litter of pigs and a review of previous reports on similar infections. | | 1973 | 4692514 |
| to italy--with 120 pigs. | | 1973 | 4693393 |
| influenza--the problems and the future. | | 1973 | 4717619 |
| the carotid bodies in animals at high altitude. | | 1973 | 4718568 |
| experimental evidence of sire effect on piglet mortality. | | 1973 | 4727796 |
| analysis of commercial soya additives in meat products. | | 1973 | 4797827 |
| potentiation of the antibody response to inactivated a2-hong kong vaccines by previous heterotypic influenza virus infection. | | 1973 | 4801251 |
| m. xenopei: a bacteriological study of m. xenopei including case reports of danish patients. | | 1967 | 4860136 |
| observations on pre-weaning disease of pigs associated with escherichia coli. | | 1968 | 4871015 |
| salmonellosis. | | 1967 | 4918279 |
| antibiotic sensitivity patterns and r factors in domestic and wild animals. | | 1971 | 4927560 |
| bovine salmonellosis in england and wales. | | 1971 | 4931663 |
| the public health implications of drug-resistant bacteria in farm animals. | | 1971 | 4936669 |
| incidence of mycoplasma infection in guinea-pigs. | | 1971 | 4937498 |
| the microbial associations in british fresh sausages. | | 1971 | 4939267 |
| the future control of tuberculosis. | | 1967 | 4962168 |
| the virulence of m. tuberculosis isolated from tuberculosis patients in bahia. | | 1970 | 4993275 |
| osteomyelitis in turkeys caused by yersinia pseudotuberculosis. | | 1972 | 5022504 |
| suspected procine ulcerative spirochaetosis in england. | | 1972 | 5062153 |
| research and the public. | | 1972 | 5064889 |
| the demise of a research centre. | | 1971 | 5103375 |
| hyostrongylus rubidus: the size and structure of worm populations in adult pigs. | | 1971 | 5106208 |
| the carotid body in animals at high altitude. | | 1971 | 5135659 |
| accidents in agriculture. | | 1971 | 5165537 |
| salmonellas of subgenus 3 (arizona) isolated from abattoirs in england and wales. | | 1966 | 5223430 |
| studies on the 1967-8 foot-and-mouth disease epidemic. the relation of weather to the spread of disease. | an analysis of the 1967-8 foot-and-mouth disease epidemic with reference to the initial spread, the origin of outbreaks more than 60 km. from the main epidemic area, the series of outbreaks near worcester, a specific case history and the daily rate of spread of the epidemic, strongly suggests that the weather played a major part in the spread of disease. the two main factors involved in this type of spread are wind and precipitation. it is noted that after the epidemic had been checked, followin ... | 1970 | 5270205 |
| observations on infective drug resistance in britain. | | 1966 | 5322504 |
| virus of the 1918 influenza pandemic. | | 1970 | 5415113 |
| animal bones. | | 1970 | 5464495 |
| successful intercontinental pig conceptus transfer. | | 1970 | 5529869 |
| further observations on trichophyton erinacei and t. proliferans. | | 1971 | 5553911 |
| some conditions in the pig encountered in the west midlands. | | 1967 | 5624527 |
| the epidemiology and control of salmonellosis in equines, cattle and pigs. | | 1967 | 5629797 |
| the cause of death in sows: a one year survey of 106 herds in essex. | | 1968 | 5688809 |
| the practicability and economics of veterinary preventive medicine. a report of a three-year scheme by the mid-west division of the b. v. a. | | 1969 | 5812843 |
| foot-rot in pigs: observations on the clinical disease. | | 1965 | 5889896 |
| a review of progress and of possible developments in artificial insemination of pigs. | | 1966 | 5903968 |
| evaluation of american and british rations for growing pigs. | | 1966 | 5938706 |
| patterns of disease. | | 1966 | 5948201 |
| pig feeding practice and veterinary problems. iv. the veterinary surgeon, the compounder and the farmer. 2. the veterinary point of view. | | 1966 | 5950141 |
| isolation of trichophyton mentagrophytes from british soil. | | 1966 | 5958820 |
| gastro-intestinal parasites of sows. | | 1966 | 6008406 |
| congenital tremors in piglets and their relation to swine fever. | | 1966 | 6008428 |
| dermatosis vegetans in pigs. | | 1967 | 6067656 |
| pasteurella septica infection in respiratory disease. | | 1967 | 6067792 |
| observations on the epidemiology of parasitic gastro-enteritis due to oesophagostomum spp. and hyostrongylus rubidus in the pig. | | 1967 | 6068109 |
| proceedings of the first international conference for the standardisation of banded karyotypes of domestic animals. university of reading reading, england. 2nd-6th august 1976. | | 1980 | 6103884 |
| chemical transmission: exploitation and follow up. | | 1982 | 6131713 |
| antagonists of alpha adrenoceptors and adrenergic transmission. | | 1982 | 6131714 |
| long distance transport of foot-and-mouth disease virus over the sea. | the conditions required for the transport of foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) virus in the atmosphere over long distances and in sufficient concentrations to cause infection in exposed animals are described. using these factors a series of 23 outbreaks of fmd in europe, where the original outbreaks were separated from later outbreaks by sea passage, have been investigated. the findings obtained support the hypothesis that under certain conditions the airborne transmission of fmd over a long sea pass ... | 1982 | 6278697 |
| atypical rotaviruses in pigs and cattle. | | 1984 | 6322407 |
| the incidence and level of contamination of british fresh sausages and ingredients with salmonellas. | a five-tube most probable number (mpn) method, with the pre-enrichment and enrichment stages, was used in a study of the incidence of salmonella contamination of british fresh sausages and the ingredients used in their manufacture. all samples were taken from a large factory in the course of routine production. there was an incidence of 65% contamination of pork (n = 20) and 55% (n = 20) in pork and beef sausages. the incidences of contamination of uncooked ingredients varied from 95% for mechan ... | 1983 | 6339611 |
| the first experiment in obstetrical anesthesia. | | 1983 | 6359967 |
| an investigation of the causes and of the financial loss of rejection of pig carcasses and viscera unfit for human consumption. i. studies at one abattoir. | | 1984 | 6487994 |
| infection by leptospires of the pomona serogroup in cattle and pigs in south west england. | leptospires belonging to the pomona serogroup were isolated from calves involved in two outbreaks of acute haemolytic disease which were characterised by jaundice, haemoglobinuria and high death rates. retrospective case studies in which serological evidence of pomona serogroup infection was found are also presented. serovar pomona is the leptospire of the pomona serogroup most commonly incriminated in clinical disease in domestic species, but the organisms isolated in this study were antigenica ... | 1984 | 6495570 |
| strategy for marketing preventive medicine. | | 1984 | 6541827 |
| serovar identification of leptospires of the australis serogroup isolated from free-living and domestic species in the united kingdom. | eighteen isolates from the australis serogroup from free-living and domestic animals were identified using the cross agglutination absorption test. serovar muenchen was found only in england and wales in wood mice, short tailed and bank voles, a grey squirrel and a pig. serovar bratislava was found in hedgehogs in england, wales and northern ireland and also in a brown rat from northern ireland. serovar bratislava was isolated from sheep in both england and northern ireland and from horses in no ... | 1983 | 6622847 |
| aujeszky's disease: past, present and future. | | 1983 | 6649359 |
| analysis of a series of outbreaks of aujeszky's disease in yorkshire in 1981-82: the possibility of airborne disease spread. | a series of outbreaks of aujeszky's disease occurred in yorkshire during 1981-82. these were investigated from epidemiological and meteorological viewpoints to determine if airborne disease spread could have occurred between any of the premises. the results suggest that seven out of the 11 outbreaks investigated could have resulted from airborne virus. | 1984 | 6730233 |
| streptococcus suis type 2 in british pig herds. | | 1984 | 6735486 |
| avian tuberculosis in pigs: mycobacterium intracellulare infection in a breeding herd. | lymphadenitis of pigs caused by mycobacterium intracellulare is widely recognised in continental europe but this is the first report of it in england. no disease was seen on the farm but condemnations of tissues and organs at the slaughterhouse were often than 100 a week and in one week were in excess of 200. the loss was greater to the slaughterhouse than to the farmer because of the constant disruption to the production line. there was no evidence that diseased pigs performed less well than he ... | 1984 | 6740882 |
| campylobacter fetus subspecies jejuni: the need for surveillance. | | 1980 | 6768813 |
| high prevalence of strains of bordetella bronchiseptica resistant to potentiated sulphonamide in english pig herds in 1978-79. | | 1980 | 7001722 |
| skin sepsis in meat handlers: observations on the causes of injury with special reference to bone. | outbreaks of wound infection with streptococcus pyogenes and staphylococcus aureus occurred in a abattoir and a pork-processing factory in autumn 1980. investigations showed that staff handling the meat before de-boning were particularly affected and that bone was the cause of 48% of the wounds which became clinicially infected. of the total isolates of strep. pyogenes and staph. aureus from wounds of known cause 75% were from lesions caused by bone. in one outbreak streptococcal infection was ... | 1981 | 7031129 |
| the northumberland epidemic of foot-and-mouth disease, 1966. | the spread of foot-and-mouth disease during an epidemic in northumberland in july, august and september 1966 was analysed. although strong emitters, for example pigs, were not involved, in 18 of the 32 outbreaks spread could be attributed to the airborne route and in another 4, spread by this route was the most likely. airborne spread was in general between 1 and 8 km but on two occasions as much as 20 km. other means of spread included movement by animals, people and vehicles and carriage of vi ... | 1980 | 7052228 |
| use of prediction models to forecast and analyse airborne spread during the foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in brittany, jersey and the isle of wight in 1981. | between march 4 and 26, 1981 the french veterinary authorities reported a series of 14 outbreaks of disease due to type o foot-and-mouth (fmd) virus, 13 in brittany and one in normandy. the united kingdom reported fmd type o in jersey on march 19 and in the isle of wight on march 22. the field and laboratory investigations on the farm in the isle of wight are outlined. the way in which short and long range numerical models were used to forecast the airborne spread of fmd from brittany to the uk ... | 1982 | 7064324 |
| observations on clinical aspects of transmissible gastroenteritis of pigs in norfolk and suffolk, 1980-81. | outbreaks of transmissible gastroenteritis in 56 breeding units, six maiden gilt sites and 64 fattening units were investigated during the period december 1980 to october 1981. the disease invariably occurred in classical virulent form, resulting in very high mortality in baby piglets. reproductive sequelae were sometimes evident. individual outbreaks continued for longer than in previous years. there was a high rate of recrudescene, particularly in large breeding units, and infection also persi ... | 1982 | 7101704 |
| some haematological data for fallow deer (dama dama) in england. | the concentrations of haemoglobin, erythrocytes and leucocytes and the packed cell volume, plasma viscosity and some red cell indices were measured in the blood of 42 fallow deer and analysed with respect to age, season and sex. the mean haemoglobin concentration was greater in females than in males. in all the deer the number of leucocytes was considerably smaller than in the usual domestic mammals, namely, cats, cattle, dogs, goats, horses, pigs and sheep. plasma viscosity was statistically gr ... | 1982 | 7146629 |
| the prevalence of nasal turbinate atrophy in british centrally-tested pigs. | | 1982 | 7150942 |
| tge of pigs. | | 1982 | 7157613 |
| campylobacter jejuni/coli in abattoirs and butchers shops. | | 1982 | 7185998 |
| a survey of gastrointestinal parasitism in pigs. | over a period of two years 180 pork pigs, 144 baconers and 144 sows from two slaughterhouses in northern england were examined for gastrointestinal parasites. sows showed the highest level and intensity of infection, 85 per cent harbouring the dominant parasites oesophagostomum dentatum and o quadrispinulatum; the highest worm burden recorded was 21,000. hyostrongylus rubidus was present in 28.5 per cent of sows but virtually absent from younger pigs. small numbers of ascaris suum and trichuris ... | 1980 | 7257108 |
| prevalence and clinical significance of leptospiral antibodies in pigs in england. | the results of leptospiral serology conducted on porcine sera at the central veterinary laboratory, weybridge from 1971 to 1978 were collated and analysed. sera were available from diagnostic submissions (1622) and from pigs intended fro export (5031). a random sample of 792 sera from 34 herds was also examined. the overall prevalence of infection was low. copenhageni titres were present in 7.9 per cent of diagnostic submissions and a statistical association with jaundice was shown in piglets an ... | 1981 | 7257119 |
| serological and bacteriological survey of leptospiral infection in pigs in southern england. | a total of 597 pigs were examined for serological and bacteriological evidence of leptospiral infection. the sample comprised 189 porkers, 205 baconers and 203 sows. sera were tested against 17 antigens from 16 serogroups and the overall prevalence of titres was 15.7 per cent. the lowest prevalence of titres was found in porkers (10.0 per cent). the highest prevalence of titres to an individual antigen was recorded with bratislava, a member of the australis serogroup, with 12.2 per cent of pigs ... | 1981 | 7323462 |
| investigation into the spread of swine dysentery in 25 herds of east anglia and assessment of its economic significance in five herds. | of 25 outbreaks of swine dysentery investigated, 22 were considered to have resulted from the purchase of pigs from farms known to be infected, two from the introduction of treponema hyodysenteriae on the boots of the stockman, and one from the accidental entry of infected pigs into a 'closed' herd. the hidden costs of swine dysentery in terms of an increased food conversion ratio may be more than four times the cost of medication. a method of halting the spread of disease is described. | 1981 | 7324356 |
| aujeszky's disease: need to press for eradication. | | 1980 | 7437111 |
| the prevalence of brodetella bronchiseptica and turbinate (conchal) atrophy in english pig herds in 1978-79. | examination of pigs (eight to 10 per farm) slaughtered between december 1978 and march 1979 at abattoirs in southern england indicated that infection with bordetella bronchiseptica was widespread. the organism was recovered from the nasal cavity of 424 out of 844 (50 per cent) of such pigs and these were distributed among 79 out of 86 (91 per cent) of the herds submitting animals. the sensitivity to sulphonamide or potentiated sulphonamide of 255 of these strains was determined: in 20 out of 70 ... | 1980 | 7445392 |
| the paul kallós memorial lecture. from slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis to leukotriene c4 synthase. | the hypothesis of 35 years ago that slowreacting substance of anaphylaxis would prove to be a pathobiologic mediator of reversible airway disease in the human has been validated. the multidisciplinary approach required to achieve this goal has been particularly prominent and consistent for the entire period in the program described in this presentation. | 1995 | 7613129 |
| a hospital outbreak of clostridium perfringens food poisoning--implications for food hygiene review in hospitals. | an outbreak of clostridium perfringens (c. perfringens) food poisoning affected 17 of 44 (38.6%) patients interviewed on two hospital wards. a case-control study showed a statistically significant association between the consumption of roast pork and illness (p < 0.01). c. perfringens type a, untypable serotype, was isolated from samples of pre-cooked vacuum sealed pork supplied by a local meat producer. faults were noted in the food production process at the factory. cuts of meat were too large ... | 1995 | 7738342 |
| a postal survey of tail biting in pigs in south west england. | | 1995 | 7747389 |
| allergy to laboratory animals: a follow up study of its incidence and of the influence of atopy and pre-existing sensitisation on its development. | to investigate the incidence of allergy to laboratory animals (ala) during the first two years of employment, and to study the effect on ala of atopy and sensitisation. | 1995 | 7757166 |
| serological studies of influenza viruses in pigs in great britain 1991-2. | samples from a sow serum bank representative of the pig population of great britain collected during 1991-2, were examined for antibodies to influenza a, b and c viruses, using viruses which had been isolated from a variety of hosts. for influenza a viruses there was evidence of the continued circulation of classical swine h1n1 virus (26%) seroprevalence), and human h3n2 viruses (39%) which are antigenically most closely-related to a/port chalmers/1/73 virus. in addition antibodies were detected ... | 1995 | 7781739 |
| further cases of necrotic enteritis in calves. | | 1994 | 7801436 |
| immunohaematology: reminiscences and reflections. | | 1994 | 7820225 |
| use of a dna-based test for the mutation associated with porcine stress syndrome (malignant hyperthermia) in 10,000 breeding swine. | to test the hypothesis that the mutation associated with porcine stress syndrome (pss; malignant hyperthermia) was present in a large proportion of north american and english swine, a simple and rapid laboratory protocol was used for cost-effective, large-scale diagnosis of susceptibility to pss. this pss test was applied to 10,245 breeding swine of various breeds from 129 farms in the united states, canada, and england. approximately 1 of 5 swine was a heterozygous carrier of the pss mutation, ... | 1993 | 7901188 |
| the guinea pig club. | the "guinea pig club" was formed in 1941 by a group of airmen who had sustained grievous injuries--mostly serious burns of the hands and face--and been treated by a team of plastic surgeons led by a remarkable new zealander, archibald mcindoe, at the queen victoria hospital at east grinstead in england. the most senior "guinea pig" was tom gleave, a fighter pilot who had been shot down during the battle of britain, and who carried out his duties as "chief guinea pig" until his death in june 1993 ... | 1994 | 8024526 |
| zoonotic illness--determining risks and measuring effects: association between current animal exposure and a history of illness in a well characterised rural population in the uk. | to recruit a representative sample of farmworkers, accurately quantify the range and extent of their animal exposures, and measure the associated risks of illness. | 1994 | 8189169 |
| isolation of an influenza a virus of unusual subtype (h1n7) from pigs in england, and the subsequent experimental transmission from pig to pig. | a novel h1n7 influenza virus (a/swine/eng/191973/92) was isolated from nasal swabs collected from two pigs on a farm where there had been recent clinical disease due to infection with an h1n1 virus (a/swine/eng/195852/92). antigenically, the haemagglutinin (ha) of the h1n7 virus was related most closely to the ha of a/ussr/90/77, whilst the neuraminidase (na) appeared to be related most closely to the na of a/equine/prague/1/56 (h7n7). pigs infected experimentally with a/swine/eng/191973/92 deve ... | 1994 | 8203118 |
| the wellcome prize lecture. a map of auditory space in the mammalian brain: neural computation and development. | the experiments described in this review have demonstrated that the sc contains a two-dimensional map of auditory space, which is synthesized within the brain using a combination of monaural and binaural localization cues. there is also an adaptive fusion of auditory and visual space in this midbrain nucleus, providing for a common access to the motor pathways that control orientation behaviour. this necessitates a highly plastic relationship between the visual and auditory systems, both during ... | 1993 | 8240794 |
| the problems of tracing a geographically widespread outbreak of salmonellosis from a commonly eaten food: salmonella typhimurium dt193 in north west england and north wales in 1991. | geographically widespread outbreaks involving commonly isolated organisms and where the vehicles of infection are commonly eaten foodstuffs pose particular difficulties at a technical and organizational level. an outbreak of salmonella typhimurium infection, affecting 39 people, spread over a wide area in north west england and north wales in april and may 1991, was detected thanks to the practice of sending specimens to the national reference laboratory where phage typing and characterizing of ... | 1993 | 8270006 |
| an inexpensive method of quality assessment in anastomosis workshops. | a method of comparing the quality of intestinal anastomoses performed in craft workshops is described. the equipment is readily available in any hospital, inexpensive and requires no technical construction. the apparatus accurately measures the intraluminal pressure at the first sign of anastomotic leak and a method of deriving the wall tension is explained. calculation of wall tension at the point of failure allows comparison of anastomoses of different size. an instructor can therefore monitor ... | 1993 | 8277460 |
| escherichia coli isolated from farm animals in england and wales between 1986 and 1991. | escherichia coli isolated from farm animals in england and wales between 1986 and 1991 were examined for their serogroup, fimbrial adhesin and toxin production, and resistance to antimicrobial drugs. among the 3595 porcine isolates the more common serogroups were o149, o8, o138, o147 and o157. the f4(k88) adhesin was detected in 21 per cent of the cultures, whereas the other adhesins were never present in more than 3 per cent during any year, although there was an upward trend in the prevalence ... | 1993 | 8291172 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus as a cause of persistent diarrhoea in a herd of breeding and finishing pigs. | a clinical and virological study of an outbreak of porcine epidemic diarrhoea in a combined breeding and finishing pig herd used elisa techniques to detect porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus in faeces and antibodies in blood. no seropositive pigs were found at the start of the outbreak. the first signs of the disease were observed in fattening pigs and the infection spread rapidly to pregnant sows, farrowing sows and their suckling pigs, gilts and weaners housed in separate barns. depression and d ... | 1993 | 8383370 |
| a comparison of multiple drug resistance in salmonellas from humans and food animals in england and wales, 1981 and 1990. | for salmonella typhimurium from humans in england and wales, the incidence of multiple resistance more than doubled over the 8-year period 1981-8 and, over the next 2 years, increased by a further 7%. from 1981 to 1988 both resistance and multiple resistance also increased significantly in s. virchow and although multiple resistance did not increase over the next 2 years, the overall incidence of resistance has continued to rise. in 1990 the majority of s. typhimurium from cattle were multiply-r ... | 1993 | 8405147 |
| a large outbreak of human salmonellosis traced to a local pig farm. | an outbreak of salmonella typhimurium definitive type (dt) 193 affecting 206 persons occurred in july and august 1989 in a small town in northern england. a descriptive study suggested that cold meats including pork from a butcher's shop in the town were vehicles of infection. an analytical study of a cohort attending a function in the town showed a significant association between illness and consumption of cold roast pork supplied by the butcher's shop (p = 0.00000004). s. typhimurium dt 193 wi ... | 1993 | 8472766 |