| pestiviral infections in sheep and pigs in northern ireland. | serological surveys were carried out to determine the prevalence of pestiviral infections in sheep and pigs in northern ireland. sera from 918 ewes in 92 flocks from 10 regions were tested by elisa for antibodies to border disease virus and positive results were obtained from 49 ewes (5.3 per cent) in 28 flocks (30.4 per cent). there were highly significant geographical variations in its flock prevalence ranging from 0 per cent in the enniskillen region to 70 per cent in the coleraine region. th ... | 2001 | 12503593 |
| [epidemiological model development using bse as an example--observations from a statistical viewpoint]. | since first bse cases in cattle born in germany were recognized, questions have been raised concerning the future development of the disease and the epidemiological dynamics of bse, and, consequently, modelling approaches that might answer these questions. the database for such modelling efforts is formed by bse incidence numbers or incidence rates, broken down by age at onset of clinical disease, and by time of onset or time of birth, respectively, from available information gathered for suspec ... | 2003 | 12592925 |
| risk factors for toxic mastitis in cows. | a case-control study of the management and disease risk factors associated with toxic mastitis in cows was carried out. seventy-one cases satisfied all the selection criteria, and a subset of 41 cases in which pure growths of escherichia coil were cultured from milk samples was also investigated. conditional multiple logistic regression analysis of the 71 cases and matched controls revealed no statistically significant associations. however, among the subset of 41 cases and matched controls, the ... | 2003 | 12665144 |
| impact of bse on livestock production system. | the small number of bse cases diagnosed in italy from january 2001 to 12 september 2001 (a total of 28, one every 9000 head) does not allow for a statistical analysis of the relationship between this disease and the livestock systems. however, some indications can be noted: (a) only dairy cattle, which represent three-quarters of the cattle raised in italy, are involved; (b) 58% of the cases belong to medium-large farms that breed 27% of all head; (c) 13 out of 28 cases are 5-year-old animals an ... | 2003 | 14535367 |
| a quantitative risk assessment for the importation of brucellosis-infected breeding cattle into great britain from selected european countries. | great britain (gb) has been "officially brucellosis free" (obf) since 1991; because this disease has both public-health and international-trade implications, it is in the country's interest to maintain this freedom. a quantitative risk-assessment model was developed to determine the annual risk of importing brucellosis-infected breeding cattle into gb from northern ireland and the republic of ireland. (these countries exported the largest number of cattle into gb and were not brucellosis free du ... | 2004 | 15099716 |
| [bluetongue virus serotype 8 in healthy young calves]. | following the detection in northern ireland of bluetongue serotype-8 (btv-8) pcr-positive calves born from pcr-negative but seropositive heifers imported from the netherlands, an investigation was started to determine whether pcr-positive calves were born in the first quarter of 2008 in the netherlands. blood samples were collected on 43 dairy farms from 388 cow-calf combinations. all calves were at least 10-days-old and had been born after 1 january 2008. in total, 229 cows had had a btv-8 infe ... | 2008 | 19133436 |
| discrimination of isolates of mycobacterium bovis in northern ireland on the basis of variable numbers of tandem repeats (vntrs). | the ability to reproducibly discriminate mycobacterium bovis isolates and trace their transmission has the potential to clarify sources of infection and major routes of transmission for bovine tuberculosis (tb). a pcr-based genotyping assay has been developed to discriminate between strains of m bovis by examining multiple sites in its genome that consist of variable numbers of tandem repeats (vntrs). the discriminatory power and reproducibility of this vntr typing has been compared with that of ... | 2005 | 16244231 |
| antioxidant activity of five vegetables traditionally consumed by south-asian migrants in bradford, yorkshire, uk. | five vegetables traditionally consumed among south-asian migrants in bradford (yorkshire, uk) were tested for their free radical scavenging activity (frsa) in the dpph (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil radical) screening assay (using extracts prepared both by cold maceration and also by boiling the plant in the solvent under reflux) and for their in vitro non-enzymatic inhibition of bovine brain lipid peroxidation. in both antioxidant assays a strong activity was shown by extracts derived from okra ... | 2005 | 16261524 |
| the northern ireland programme for the control and eradication of mycobacterium bovis. | bovine tuberculosis is endemic in northern ireland and a comprehensive eradication scheme has been in operation since 1959. the current programme involves annual testing, extensive computerized tracing, short-interval testing of herds contiguous to outbreaks and compulsory slaughter of positive cattle. despite initial reductions in disease prevalence, eradication has proved elusive and potential explanatory factors include high cattle density and potential for between-herd contact, the impact of ... | 2006 | 16326042 |
| compilation of a panel of informative single nucleotide polymorphisms for bovine identification in the northern irish cattle population. | animal identification is pivotal in governmental agricultural policy, enabling the management of subsidy payments, movement of livestock, test scheduling and control of disease. advances in bovine genomics have made it possible to utilise inherent genetic variability to uniquely identify individual animals by dna profiling, much as has been achieved with humans over the past 20 years. a dna profiling test based on bi-allelic single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers would offer considerable a ... | 2010 | 20100323 |
| detection of bovine tuberculosis in herds with different disease prevalence and influence of paratuberculosis infection on ppdb and esat-6/cfp10 specificity. | bovine tuberculosis (btb) is a major animal health problem with zoonotic implications. current control programs are based on test and slaughter strategies utilizing skin tests with tuberculins as antigens. the low specificity and associated operative difficulties of these tests have driven the search for new antigens and diagnostic assays. in this multicenter study, using herds from argentina, mexico and northern ireland, we selected skin test positive and negative animals from herds with differ ... | 2010 | 20630607 |
| behavior of cows during and after peak feeding time on organic and conventional dairy farms in the united kingdom. | the behavior of groups of housed, lactating dairy cattle was observed over 2 winter housing periods on 20 organic farms and 20 conventional farms in the united kingdom. three methods were used: (1) 6 video-clips of 10 min duration were captured of cows feeding at sections of the feed-bunk face during the peak feeding period (0 to 90 min) and continuously observed for aggressive interactions among cows; (2) the proportion of cows at the feed-bunk face was scanned every 15 min for 4.5h to include ... | 2011 | 21257042 |
| northern ireland disease surveillance, july to september 2010. | | 2010 | 21262691 |
| a comparison of badger activity in two areas of high and low bovine tuberculosis incidence of northern ireland. | during 2005, a field survey of badger activity was carried out to evaluate differences between two areas with different levels of bovine tuberculosis (annual herd incidences of 16% and 4%) and to assess the awareness of herd keepers in relation to badgers. a random selection of herd keepers was interviewed and their farm land surveyed for the presence of badgers. the survey end point for each farm was the discovery of an active badger sett. participation was very high in both areas (>80%). evide ... | 2011 | 21440386 |
| field trial of six serological tests for bovine brucellosis. | serum agglutination (sat), complement fixation (cft), indirect elisa (ielisa), competitive elisa (celisa), rose bengal (rbt) and edta-modified agglutination (edta) tests were used in parallel on serological samples from 19,935 cattle in 301 herds. the study herds were selected according to putative exposure to brucellaabortus with cases defined by bacteriological culture or test agreement. no single test identified all infected cattle and, at diagnostic thresholds, relative sensitivity was highe ... | 2011 | 21550272 |
| bovine tuberculosis--another view from down under. | | 2007 | 16793295 |
| fertility results after do-it-yourself and commercial company artificial insemination in dairy herds in northern ireland. | | 2006 | 16861391 |
| northern ireland disease surveillance report: northern ireland disease surveillance, october to december 2010. | | 2011 | 21634063 |
| prevalence of arcobacter spp. in raw milk and retail raw meats in northern ireland. | a 1-year study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of arcobacter spp. in raw milk and retail raw meats on sale in northern ireland. retail raw poultry samples (n = 94), pork samples (n = 101), and beef samples (n = 108) were obtained from supermarkets in northern ireland, and raw milk samples (n = 101) were kindly provided by the milk research laboratory, department of agriculture and rural development, belfast, northern ireland. presumptive arcobacters were identified by previously descr ... | 2006 | 16924929 |
| metabolic fingerprints of mycobacterium bovis cluster with molecular type: implications for genotype-phenotype links. | mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis. various genetic typing techniques have been used to trace the reservoirs of infection; however, they have limited success in population genetics and outbreak studies. fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ft-ir) is a rapid phenotypic typing technique, which may be used to generate a metabolic fingerprinting and is increasingly used to characterize bacteria. when coupled with multivariate cluster analysis, this powerful combina ... | 2006 | 16946270 |
| optimizing antigen cocktails for detection of mycobacterium bovis in herds with different prevalences of bovine tuberculosis: esat6-cfp10 mixture shows optimal sensitivity and specificity. | bovine tuberculosis is a major problem in many countries; hence, new and better diagnostic tools are urgently needed. in this work, we have tested esat6, cfp10, pe13, pe5, mpb70, tb10.4, and tb27.4 for their potentials as diagnostic markers in field animals from northern ireland, mexico, and argentina, regions with low, medium, and high prevalences of bovine tuberculosis, respectively. at all three sites, esat6 and cfp10 were superior diagnostic antigens, while their combination performed even b ... | 2006 | 17005738 |
| risks for bovine tuberculosis in british cattle farms restocked after the foot and mouth disease epidemic of 2001. | the foot and mouth disease (fmd) epidemic of 2001 was used to investigate herd breakdown (hbd) with bovine tuberculosis (btb) in totally restocked herds of cattle. by august 2004, 2941 restocked cattle herds, with cattle movements from before and after 2001, had been tested for btb for the first time since restocking. a total of 6% (177) of these herds broke down at the first btb test. a binomial logistic regression model with hbd (at least one reactor bovine) at the first test after restocking ... | 2008 | 18164499 |
| northern ireland disease surveillance, april to june 2011. | | 2011 | 21936069 |
| outbreak of nematodirus battus infection in calves. | | 2004 | 15074328 |