| microarray-based detection of viruses causing vesicular or vesicular-like lesions in livestock animals. | definitive diagnosis of vesicular or vesicular-like lesions in livestock animals presents challenges both for veterinary clinicians and diagnostic laboratories. it is often impossible to diagnose the causative disease agent on a clinical basis alone and difficult to collect ample vesicular epithelium samples. due to restrictions of time and sample size, once laboratory tests have ruled out foot-and-mouth disease, vesicular stomatitis and swine vesicular disease a definitive diagnosis may remain ... | 2009 | 18621489 |
| isotype specific elisas to detect antibodies against swine vesicular disease virus and their use in epidemiology. | isotype specific elisas to detect antibodies against swine vesicular disease, which may help to estimate the moment of infection, were developed and validated on sera from pigs experimentally infected with four different isolates of swine vesicular disease virus. virus specific igm antibodies could be detected from days 3-49 and occasionally up to day 91 after infection. igg1 antibodies were first detected at day 8 and igg2 at day 11. iga antibodies coincided with igg1 antibodies, but antibody t ... | 2002 | 12002546 |
| internalization of swine vesicular disease virus into cultured cells: a comparative study with foot-and-mouth disease virus. | we performed a comparative analysis of the internalization mechanisms used by three viruses causing important vesicular diseases in animals. swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) internalization was inhibited by treatments that affected clathrin-mediated endocytosis and required traffic through an endosomal compartment. svdv particles were found in clathrin-coated pits by electron microscopy and colocalized with markers of early endosomes by confocal microscopy. svdv infectivity was significantly ... | 2009 | 19225001 |
| characterization of neutralization sites on the circulating variant of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv): a new site is shared by svdv and the related coxsackie b5 virus. | using a panel of new monoclonal antibodies (mabs), five neutralizing, conformation-dependent sites have been identified on the antigenic variant of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) circulating currently. in studies on the antigenic conservation of these sites, the four antigenic/genetic groups of svdv described showed distinguishable patterns, confirming this classification. by sequencing mab-resistant mutants, the five sites have been mapped precisely and localized on a three-dimensional mo ... | 2002 | 11752698 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using glycoprotein and monoclonal antibody for detecting antibodies to vesicular stomatitis virus serotype new jersey. | in this study, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using glycoprotein and a monoclonal antibody (mab) was developed for the detection of antibodies to vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) serotype new jersey (nj). the glycoprotein to be used as a diagnostic antigen was extracted from partially purified vsv-nj, and a neutralizing mab specific to vsv-nj was incorporated to compete with antibodies in a blocking elisa using glycoprotein (gp elisa). the cutoff of the gp elisa was set at 40% inhi ... | 2009 | 19279165 |
| molecular analysis of echovirus 13 isolates and aseptic meningitis, spain. | echovirus 13 (ev13), considered rare, was reported worldwide in 2000, mostly related to aseptic meningitis outbreaks. in spain, 135 ev13 isolates were identified. the genetic relationships between 64 representative strains from spain and other reported isolates from the united states, germany, italy, japan, and sweden were described by analyzing the partial sequence of the major capsid protein (vp1) gene. the strains from spain were clearly identified as ev13 (79.5% similarity with the ev13 refe ... | 2003 | 12967490 |
| development and laboratory evaluation of a lateral flow device for the detection of swine vesicular disease virus in clinical samples. | a lateral flow device (lfd) for the detection of swine vesicular disease (svd) virus (svdv) and differential diagnosis from foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) was developed using a monoclonal antibody (mab c70). the performance of the lfd was evaluated in the laboratory on suspensions of vesicular epithelia and cell culture passage derived supernatants of svdv and porcine teschovirus (enterovirus; pev). the collection of test samples included 157 which were positive for svdv (84 vesicular epithelial s ... | 2010 | 19819260 |
| prevalence of antibodies to selected viral and bacterial pathogens in wild boar (sus scrofa) in campania region, italy. | serum samples were collected from wild boars (sus scrofa) harvested during the 2005-2006 hunting season in campania, southern italy. samples were tested for antibodies to leptospira interrogan, brucella spp., salmonella spp., aujeszky disease virus (adv), porcine reproductive and respiratory stress syndrome virus (prrsv), porcine parvovirus (ppv), classical swine fever virus (csfv), and swine vesicular disease virus (svdv). of the 342 serum samples tested, 15 (4.4%) were seropositive to brucella ... | 2010 | 20090052 |
| virulence of swine vesicular disease virus is determined at two amino acids in capsid protein vp1 and 2a protease. | to identify the genetic determinants of virulence for swine vesicular disease virus, a panel of recombinant and site-directed mutant viruses were constructed from cdna clones of a virulent j1'73 strain and an avirulent h/3'76 strain. initial studies mapped the genetic determinants of virulence to either or both of the two sites at nucleotide (nt) 2842, encoding vp1-132, and nt 3355, encoding 2a-20. to determine their relative importance with regard to virulence, viruses mutated at either of thes ... | 2001 | 11597755 |
| nucleotide sequences and mutations of the 5'-nontranslated region (5'ntr) of natural isolates of an epidemic echovirus 11' (prime). | an echovirus 11' (prime) virus caused an epidemic in hungary in 1989. the leading clinical form of the diseases was myocarditis. hemorrhagic hepatitis syndroms were also caused, however, with lethal outcome in 13 newborn babies. altogether 386 children suffered from registered clinical disease. no accumulation of serous meningitis cases and intrauterine death were observed during the epidemic, and the monovalent oral poliovirus vaccination campaign has prevented the further circulation of the vi ... | 2000 | 11205106 |
| establishment and characterization of two new pig cell lines for use in virological diagnostic laboratories. | two pig cell lines derived from kidney and trachea tissues and referred to as newborn swine kidney (nsk) and newborn pig trachea (nptr) were established following serial culture of primary cells. they were characterized by an epithelial-like morphology, high capacity to replicate and stability of the cell monolayer for several days after seeding. their modal chromosome number was modified in comparison to that of primary swine cells and they both displayed a transforming potential in vitro and d ... | 2003 | 12505635 |
| significance of arginine 20 in the 2a protease for swine vesicular disease virus pathogenicity. | pathogenic and attenuated strains of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), an enterovirus, have been characterized previously and, by using chimeric infectious cdna clones, the key determinants of pathogenicity in pigs have been mapped to the coding region for 1d-2a. within this region, residue 20 of the 2a protease is particularly significant. inoculation of pigs with mutant viruses containing single amino acid substitutions at this residue leads to the appearance of revertants, often containin ... | 2007 | 17622632 |
| reappearance of swine vesicular disease virus in portugal. | | 2007 | 17630426 |
| the coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (car) is used by reference strains and clinical isolates representing all six serotypes of coxsackievirus group b and by swine vesicular disease virus. | group b coxsackieviruses are etiologically linked to many human diseases, and cell surface receptors are postulated to play an important role in mediating their pathogenesis. the coxsackievirus adenovirus receptor (car) has been shown to function as a receptor for selected strains of coxsackievirus group b (cvb) serotypes 3, 4, and 5 and is postulated to serve as a receptor for all six serotypes. in this study, we demonstrate that car can serve as a receptor for laboratory reference strains and ... | 2000 | 10814575 |
| [serosurveillance of notifiable veterinary diseases in wild boar in the netherlands]. | during the hunting season 1996-1999, blood samples were collected from wild boar shot in the netherlands. sera were screened for presence of antibodies against classical swine fever virus (csfv), swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv), and trichinella spiralis. the results indicate that csfv, svdv, and adv are uncommon in the wild boar population. therefore, it seems that csfv, svdv, and adv infection in the wild boar population is not an important reservoir in the ... | 2000 | 10666784 |
| pan-serotypic detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus using a minor groove binder probe reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. | a novel assay for the pan-serotypic detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) was designed using a 5' conjugated minor groove binder (mgb) probe real-time rt-pcr system. this assay targets the 3d region of the fmdv genome and is capable of detecting 20 copies of a transcribed rna standard. the linear range of the test was eight logs from 2 × 10¹ to 2 × 108 copies and amplification time was approximately 2 h. using a panel of 83 rna samples from representative fmdv isolates, the diagnostic ... | 2011 | 21419170 |
| differentiation of foot-and-mouth disease-infected pigs from vaccinated pigs using antibody-detecting sandwich elisa. | the presence of serum antibodies for nonstructural proteins of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) can differentiate fmdv-infected animals from vaccinated animals. in this study, a sandwich elisa was developed for rapid detection of the foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) antibodies; it was based on an escherichia coli-expressed, highly conserved region of the 3abc nonstructural protein of the fmdv o/tw/99 strain and a monoclonal antibody derived from the expressed protein. the diagnostic sensitivi ... | 2011 | 21467761 |
| multiplex rt-pcr detection and microarray typing of vesicular disease viruses. | a vesicular disease multiplex reverse transcription (rt)-pcr with an accompanying microarray assay was developed for simultaneous detection and typing of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), and for the detection of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) and vesicular exanthema of swine virus (vesv). the multiplex rt-pcr successfully detected viral rna from a collection of 49 strains of vesicular viruses, including multiple strains from all seven serotypes of f ... | 2011 | 21620898 |
| virus inactivation by salt (nacl) and phosphate supplemented salt in a 3d collagen matrix model for natural sausage casings. | due to possible presence and spread of contagious animal viruses via natural sausage casings the international trade in these food products is subject to veterinary and public health requirements. in order to manage these restrictions we determined the effect of casing preservation on four highly contagious viruses for livestock: foot-and-mouth-disease virus (fmdv), classical swine fever virus (csfv), swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) and african swine fever virus (asfv). we used an in vitro ... | 2011 | 21632134 |
| rapid typing of foot-and-mouth disease serotype asia 1 by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | a reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay was rapidly used to detect serotype asia 1 of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) within 45 min at 61°c. all fmdv serotype asia 1 reference strains were positive by rt-lamp, while other viruses such as fmdv serotypes o, c, a and classical swine fever virus, swine vesicular disease virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and japanese encephalitis virus remained negative. furthermore, fmdv sreotype as ... | 2011 | 22040459 |
| molecular evolution of swine vesicular disease virus. | phylogenetic analysis was used to examine the evolutionary relationships within a group of coxsackie b viruses that contained representatives of the major serotypes of this group and 45 isolates of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) from asia and europe. separate analyses of sequence data from two regions of the viral genomes encoding the vp1 and 3bc genes both revealed that the svdv belonged to a single monophyletic group which could be clearly distinguished from all other sampled coxsackievi ... | 1999 | 10092004 |
| more recent swine vesicular disease virus isolates retain binding to coxsackie-adenovirus receptor, but have lost the ability to bind human decay-accelerating factor (cd55). | swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) evolved from coxsackie b virus serotype 5 (cvb5) in the recent past, crossing the species barrier from humans to pigs. here, svdv isolates from early and recent outbreaks have been compared for their capacity to utilize the progenitor virus receptors coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (car) and decay-accelerating factor (daf; cd55). virus titre of cvb5 and svdv isolates it'66 and uk'72 on human hela cells was reduced by pre-incubation with either anti-daf or anti- ... | 2005 | 15831949 |
| prevalence of antibodies to selected viral pathogens in wild boars (sus scrofa) in croatia in 2005-06 and 2009-10. | we determined prevalence of antibody to selected viral pathogens important for domestic pigs and livestock in 556 wild boar (sus scrofa) sera collected during 2005-06 and 2009-10 in four counties in croatia. these counties account for an important part of the croatian commercial pig production and have a high density of wild boars. samples were tested for antibodies to porcine parvovirus (ppv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv), porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), swine influenza virus, porcine respi ... | 2012 | 22247381 |
| development and laboratory evaluation of two lateral flow devices for the detection of vesicular stomatitis virus in clinical samples. | two lateral flow devices (lfd) for the detection of vesicular stomatitis (vs) virus (vsv), types indiana (vsv-ind) and new jersey (vsv-nj) were developed using monoclonal antibodies c1 and f25vsvnj-45 to the respective vsv serotypes. the performance of the lfds was evaluated in the laboratory on suspensions of vesicular epithelia and cell culture passage derived supernatants of vsv. the collection of test samples included 105 positive for vsv-ind (92 vesicular epithelial suspensions and 13 cell ... | 2011 | 22230813 |
| prevalence of and risk factors associated with viral and bacterial pathogens in farmed european wild boar. | the aim of this study was to estimate in farmed european wild boars the prevalence of and risk factors associated with a range of common porcine viral and bacterial infections, namely, porcine parvovirus (ppv), porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), swine influenza virus (siv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv), classical swine fever virus (csfv), swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), coronavirus causing transmissible gastroenteritis (tgev), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), m ... | 2012 | 22516920 |
| [construction and sequencing of full-length cdna clone of swine vesicular disease virus strain hk'1/70]. | by race, 2 overlapping cdna fragments (3'pcr and 5'pcr fragments) covering the full genome of swine vesicular disease virus strain hk'1/70 were amplified from total rna extracted from experimentally infected suckling mice. these fragments were cloned into pgem-t easy vector, respectively. 5'pcr fragment was digested by enzymes of aat ii and bssh ii, and the aat ii-bssh ii-digested 5'pcr fragment was obtained and cloned into the recombinant pgem-t easy vector containing 3'pcr fragment,the recombi ... | 2007 | 17886721 |
| the production and use of swine vesicular disease virus from pig kidney monolayer cells grown on the surface of 3-mm-diameter glass spheres. | | 1982 | 18546115 |
| noninfectious virus-like particle antigen for detection of swine vesicular disease virus antibodies in pigs by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | an inactivated svdv antigen is used in current enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for the detection of antibodies to swine vesicular disease virus (svdv). to develop a noninfectious recombinant alternative, we produced svdv-like particles (vlps) morphologically and antigenically resembling authentic svdv particles by using a dual baculovirus recombinant, which expresses simultaneously the p1 and 3cd protein genes of svdv under different promoters. antigenic differences between recombina ... | 2005 | 16085909 |
| antibodies to selected viral disease agents in wild boars from the czech republic. | blood samples were collected from wild boar (sus scrofa) shot during the hunting season from 1999 to 2005 in the czech republic. sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the presence of antibodies against classical swine fever virus (csfv), swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv), and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). indirect fluorescence antibody test was used for detection of antibodies against porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2) and transmissible ... | 2008 | 18689671 |
| virus interaction with the apical junctional complex. | in order to infect pathogens must breach the epithelial barriers that separate the organism from the external environment or that cover the internal cavities and ducts of the body. epithelia seal the passage through the paracellular pathway with the apical junctional complex integrated by tight and adherens junctions. in this review we describe how viruses like coxsackie, swine vesicular disease virus, adenovirus, reovirus, feline calcivirus, herpes viruses 1 and 2, pseudorabies, bovine herpes v ... | 2009 | 19273098 |
| application of real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection of svdv. | application of real-time rt-pcr (rrt-pcr) for detection of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) in samples of archival svdv isolates and clinical samples collected from svdv infected pigs was described. a primer set that targets the ires region of the svdv genome and taqman probe specific for a highly conserved region in svdv rna ires region were used. the assay detected viral rna in all tested archival strains of svdv isolated in europe during years 1972-73 and 1992 as well as in clinical sampl ... | 2009 | 19459449 |
| structure of swine vesicular disease virus: mapping of changes occurring during adaptation of human coxsackie b5 virus to infect swine. | the structure of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) was solved and refined at a 3.0-a resolution by x-ray crystallography to gain information about the role of sequence changes that occurred as this virus evolved from the parental human pathogen coxsackievirus b5 (cvb5). these amino acid substitutions can be clustered in five distinct regions: (i) the antigenic sites, (ii) the hydrophobic pocket of the vp1 beta-sandwich, (iii) the putative car binding site, (iv) the putative heparan sulfate bi ... | 2003 | 12941886 |
| the development of a rapid sybr one step real-time rt-pcr for detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | prompt detection of prrsv in the field samples is important for effective prrs control, thereby reducing the potentially serious economic damage which can result from an outbreak. in this study, a rapid sybr-based, one step real-time rt-pcr quantitative reverse transcription pcr (qrt-pcr) has been developed for the detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). primers were designed based on the sequence of highly conservative region of prrsv n gene. | 2010 | 20459705 |
| [expression of antigenic region of vp1 gene of swine vesicular disease in escherichia coli]. | the antigenic region of vp1 gene of swine vesicular disease virus was amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and nested polymerase chain reaction (npcr). after the amplified fragment was cloned into the expression vector pproex-htb. the insert position,the size and the reading frame of the insertion were identified by pcr, restriction digestion and sequence analysis of the recombinant plasmids. sds-page and western blot indicated that the transformed bl21(de3) by t ... | 2003 | 16279200 |
| embryo transfer as a means of controlling the transmission of viral infections. ix. the in vitro exposure of zona pellucida-intact porcine embryos to swine vesicular disease virus. | when zona pellucida-intact porcine embryos were exposed to 10(7) plaque-forming units (pfu)/ml of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) and then washed, infectious virus could be isolated from all of the embryos. culturing the embryos for 24 or 48 h or treating the embryos with pronase, trypsin, or antiserum after virus exposure and washing reduced the number of embryos carrying virus and lessened the amount of virus on each of the embryos. none of the treatments, however, was capable of disinfec ... | 1987 | 16726249 |
| effects of mutations in the vp2/vp4 cleavage site of swine vesicular disease virus on rna encapsidation and viral infectivity. | we studied vp0 cleavage of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), a member of the picornaviridae using a full-length cdna copy of the dutch svdv isolate. the influences of mutations, introduced at the cleavage site of svdv, on vp0 cleavage, rna encapsidation and viral infection were studied. double mutations at asparagine (vp0 aa 69) and serine (vp0 aa 70) resulted in no cleavage of vp0 and 100% inhibition of virus production. mutation of the asparagine into threonine or phenylalanine resulted in ... | 2003 | 14505087 |
| sero-surveillance of wild boar in the netherlands, 1996-1999. | from 1996 to 1999, blood samples were collected from wild boar shot during the hunting season in crown properties, national parks and the free wildlife belt in the netherlands. sera were screened for the presence of antibodies against classical swine fever virus (csfv), swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv) and trichinella spiralis. the results of the sero-surveillance system indicate that csfv, svdv and adv are uncommon within the wild boar population. hence, the ... | 2000 | 11107628 |
| molecular characterization of coxsackievirus b5 isolates. | coxsackie b viruses of serotype 5 are associated frequently with sporadic cases of neurological diseases, epidemics of meningitis, and chronic diseases such as cardiomyopathy and diabetes. in this article, 15 strains of coxsackievirus b5 isolated from patients with neurological disorders and healthy people were investigated by partial sequencing in the 5' half of the vp1 region and compared to other published sequences of coxsackievirus b5, in the same genomic region. all coxsackievirus b5 seque ... | 2004 | 14695669 |
| embryo transfer as a means of controlling the transmission of viral infections. x. the in vivo exposure of zona pellucida-intact porcine embryos to swine vesicular disease virus. | two experiments involving the transfer of embryos from donors infected with swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) to "clean" recipients were carried out. in experiment 1, 47 embryos were collected from 4 svdv-infected donors and transferred to 2 recipients that subsequently produced 10 piglets. all of the recipients and piglets remained seronegative for svdv. in addition to the transfers, 10 embryos and 58 unfertilized eggs from the infected donors were assayed in vitro and found to be negative f ... | 1987 | 16726250 |
| heparan sulphate mediates swine vesicular disease virus attachment to the host cell. | heparan sulphate (hs) has been found to serve as receptor for initial cell binding of numerous viruses. different glycosaminoglycans (gags), including heparin and hs, were analysed for their ability to bind swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), a picornavirus with close homology to human coxsackie b5 virus. binding of svdv was established by heparin-affinity chromatography. in addition, infection of ib-rs-2 epithelial porcine cells was inhibited by treating the virus with soluble hs, heparin, an ... | 2004 | 14993651 |
| development of a real-time pcr assay based on primer-probe energy transfer for the detection of swine vesicular disease virus. | a real-time pcr assay based on primer-probe energy transfer (priproet) was developed to detect swine vesicular disease virus (svdv). specificity tests of svdv and heterologous virus showed specific amplification of svdv strains only. the amplification plot for the closely related coxsackievirus b5 remained negative. the sensitivity of assay was five copies of viral genome equivalents. a key point of the assay is tolerance toward mutations in the probe region. melting curve analysis directly afte ... | 2006 | 16835700 |
| use of automated real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) to monitor experimental swine vesicular disease virus infection in pigs. | automated real-time rt-pcr was evaluated as a diagnostic tool for swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) infection on a range of samples (vesicular epithelium, serum, nasal swabs, faeces) from four inoculated and three in-contact pigs over a period of 28 days. traditional diagnostic procedures (virus isolation, and elisas for antigen and antibody) were used in parallel. each inoculated pig developed a significant viraemia and clinical disease, and excreted virus, which was transmitted to the in-co ... | 2004 | 15511539 |
| [comparison of different elisas for detection of antibodies to swine vesicular disease virus in sera from experimentally infected animals]. | the study has shown the efficiency of a competitive elisa (c-elisa) variant or an indirect elisa (i-elusa) in the detection of antibodies to swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) versus traditional assays, such as a microneutralization test, a blocking elida test, and a the reference test ceditest svdv (cedi-diagnostics b.v., netherlands). specific antibodies in the pig sera could be detected by c-elisa on days 4-5 and by i-elisa on day 6 after experimental svdv infection. specific antibodies wer ... | 2010 | 20608082 |
| importance of arginine 20 of the swine vesicular disease virus 2a protease for activity and virulence. | a major virulence determinant of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), an enterovirus that causes an acute vesicular disease, has been mapped to residue 20 of the 2a protease. the svdv 2a protease cleaves the 1d-2a junction in the viral polyprotein, induces cleavage of translation initiation factor eif4gi, and stimulates the activity of enterovirus internal ribosome entry sites (iress). the 2a protease from an attenuated strain of svdv (ile at residue 20) is significantly defective at inducing c ... | 2005 | 15596836 |
| development of a minor groove binder assay for real-time one-step rt-pcr detection of swine vesicular disease virus. | the design and development of a 5' conjugated minor groove binder (mgb) probe real-time rt-pcr assay are described for rapid, sensitive and specific detection of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) rna. the assay is designed to target the 2c gene of the svdv genome and is capable of detecting 2×10(2) copies of an rna standard per reaction. it does not detect any of the other rna viruses that cause vesicular disease in pigs, or the human enterovirus, coxsackie b5 virus (cvb5) which is closely re ... | 2010 | 21073902 |
| Application of GP5 protein to develop monoclonal antibody against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | In this study, a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV), named as 8C9 and4B4, were produced by fusing SP2/0 myeloma cells and spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with the PRRSV (TCID(50)=5.5), screened by the indirect ELISA and subjected to several limiting dilutions. mAbs were then identified by biological characterization. Among the two fusion cell strains, 8C9 belonged to the IgG1 subclass and 4B4 belonged to the IgG2a subcla ... | 2011 | 21847758 |
| specificity of the coxsackievirus b4 vp4 capsid protein investigated in silico. | the enterovirus genus encompasses several species and various serotypes, like coxsackievirus-b1 (cv-b1) to cv-b6, and many variants. the role of these viruses, especially cv-b4, in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes is strongly suspected. it has been reported that antibodies directed towards the region of amino acids 11-30 of the vp4 capsid protein enhance the infection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with cv-b4. in order to predict the inter- and intra-serotype specificity of the r ... | 2011 | 21878192 |
| a survey of porcine picornaviruses and adenoviruses in fecal samples in spain. | in the course of an epidemiologic surveillance program for swine diseases carried out in spain, 206 cytopathic viruses were isolated from 600 porcine fecal samples between 2004 and 2005. the virus isolates were examined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) methods specific for different types of porcine picornaviruses, including members of the teschovirus, enterovirus, and sapelovirus genera, and pcr for porcine adenoviruses. of the 206 isolates, 97 (47%) were identifie ... | 2010 | 20807938 |
| [development of an indirect elisa for the detection of antibodies to swine vesicular disease virus during monitoring studies]. | an indirect elisa (i-elisa) has been developed for swine vesicular disease virus-specific antibody detection. the analytic sensitivity of i-elisa testing of serum samples from experimentally infected pigs with the known vn titer was 2 log2. its diagnostic specificity was demonstrated as 100% in 4485 swine serum samples from different regions of the russian federation. | 2010 | 20886713 |