| the drosophila ortholog of the human xpg gene. | xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group g (xpg) protein is a junction-specific endonuclease which is indispensable for nucleotide excision repair (ner) of dna in eukaryotes. recent studies have hinted at a second, essential function for the xpg protein in higher eukaryotes. we undertook a comparison of the amino acid sequences of multiple xpg orthologs to determine if a motif or domain could be identified that is conserved uniquely in higher eukaryotes. a search of current databases allowed ... | 1999 | 10395909 |
| characterization of mouse trip6: a putative intracellular signaling protein. | trip6 is a human lim domain-containing protein that has been identified in yeast two-hybrid screens as interacting with a variety of proteins. trip6 has been proposed to transport signals from the cell surface to the nucleus. in this report, we have characterized a mouse cdna encoding trip6. mouse trip6 is highly similar to human trip6, especially in the c-terminal lim domain region, and the in vitro and in vivo mouse trip6 cdna directs the synthesis of a polypeptide with a relative mobility of ... | 1999 | 10395914 |
| oligomerized ced-4 kills budding yeast through a caspase-independent mechanism. | in caenorhabdtis elegans, ced-3, ced-4, and ced-9 are components of a cell suicide program. ced-4 facilitates the proteolytic activation of the caspase, ced-3, while ced-9 opposes ced-3/ced-4 killing. to examine the interactions among these proteins they were expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae. ced-3 and ced-4 were lethal when expressed alone, revealing an intrinsic ced-4 killing activity. coexpression of ced-9 blocked ced-3- and ced-4-induced killing, showing ced-9 can independently antagoni ... | 1999 | 10403845 |
| phagocytic and macropinocytic activity in marcks-deficient macrophages and fibroblasts. | macrophages express high levels of the myristoylated, alanine-rich, c kinase substrate (marcks), an actin cross-linking protein. to investigate a possible role of marcks in macrophage function, fetal liver-derived macrophages were generated from wild-type and marcks knockout mouse embryos. no differences between the wild-type and marcks-deficient macrophages with respect to morphology (wright's stain) or actin distribution (staining with rhodamine-phalloidin, under basal conditions or after trea ... | 1999 | 10409119 |
| fiz1, a novel zinc finger protein interacting with the receptor tyrosine kinase flt3. | the receptor tyrosine kinase flt3 has been shown to play a role in proliferation and survival of hematopoietic progenitor cells as well as differentiation of early b lymphoid progenitors. however, the signaling events that control growth or differentiation are not completely understood. in order to identify new signaling molecules interacting with the cytoplasmic domain of flt3, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen. in addition to several sh2 domain-containing proteins, we have isolated a nove ... | 1999 | 10409713 |
| development of gene-switch transgenic mice that inducibly express transforming growth factor beta1 in the epidermis. | previous attempts to establish transgenic mouse models to study the functions of transforming growth factor beta1 (tgfbeta1) in the skin revealed controversial roles for tgfbeta1 in epidermal growth (inhibition vs. stimulation) and resulted in neonatal lethality in one instance. to establish a viable transgenic model for studying functions of tgfbeta1 in the skin, we have now developed transgenic mice, which allow focal induction of the tgfbeta1 transgene in the epidermis at different expression ... | 1999 | 10411901 |
| mutational analysis of subunit i beta2 (mecl-1) demonstrates conservation of cleavage specificity between yeast and mammalian proteasomes. | proteasomes are the major protein-degrading complexes in the cytosol and regulate many cellular processes. to examine the functional importance of the mc14/mecl-1 proteasome active site subunits, cell lines expressing a catalytically inactive form of mecl-1 were established. whereas mutant mecl-1 was readily incorporated into cytosolic proteasomes, replacing the constitutive mc14 subunit, removal of the prosequence was incomplete indicating that its processing required autocatalytic cleavage. fu ... | 1999 | 10413086 |
| identification of a novel gene encoding a p53-associated protein. | p53 exerts important physiological functions in cell-cycle control, gene regulation, cell differentiation, apoptosis and tumor suppression by interacting with many cellular proteins. using the yeast two-hybrid system, we screened a hela cdna library and identified a novel gene encoding a p53-binding protein (p53bp3). the full-length cdna of p53bp3 was isolated from a helalambdagt10 cdna library. this predicted protein was composed of 815 amino acids. sequence analysis indicated that p53bp3 conta ... | 1999 | 10415337 |
| tamoxifen resistant breast cancer: coregulators determine the direction of transcription by antagonist-occupied steroid receptors. | pharmacological antagonists of steroid receptor action had been thought to exert their effects by a passive mechanism driven principally by the ability of the antagonist to compete with agonist for the ligand binding site. however, recent analyses of antagonist-occupied receptor function suggest a more complex picture. antagonists can be subdivided into two groups, type i, or pure antagonists, and type ii, or mixed antagonists that can have variable transcriptional activity based upon differenti ... | 1999 | 10418980 |
| characterization of peci, a novel monofunctional delta(3), delta(2)-enoyl-coa isomerase of mammalian peroxisomes. | we report here the identification and characterization of human and mouse peci, a novel gene that encodes a monofunctional peroxisomal delta(3),delta(2)-enoyl-coa isomerase. human and mouse peci were identified on the basis of their sequence similarity to eci1p, a recently characterized peroxisomal delta(3),delta(2)-enoyl-coa isomerase from the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. cloning and sequencing of the human peci cdna revealed the presence of a 1077-base pair open reading frame predicted to e ... | 1999 | 10419495 |
| a gene responsible for a cuticular hydrocarbon polymorphism in drosophila melanogaster. | drosophila melanogaster is polymorphic for the major cuticular hydrocarbon of females. in most populations this hydrocarbon is 7,11-heptacosadiene, but females from africa and the caribbean usually possess low levels of 7,11-heptacosadiene and high quantities of its position isomer 5,9-heptacosadiene. genetic analysis shows that the difference between these two morphs is due to variation at a single segregating factor located on the right arm of chromosome 3 near map position 51.5 and cytologica ... | 1999 | 10425916 |
| the 5' part of the mouse immunoglobulin kappa locus. | the 5' region of the mouse kappa locus comprises 63 vkappa genes in six contigs of together 1.5 mb, including one which links the region to the central part of the locus. the structures of the contigs were established by detailed restriction mapping of cosmid clones prepared from libraries of mouse c57bl/6 dna and of yeast and bacterial artificial chromosomes (yacs, bacs with mouse dna inserts). pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of yeast artificial chromosome digests indicated that the gaps betwe ... | 1999 | 10427968 |
| identification of a new gene encoding pericentromeric dodeca-satellite binding protein in drosophila melanogaster. | dodeca-satellite (cccgtactcggt)n is a type of tandemly repeated dna sequence located in the pericentromeric region of the third chromosome of drosophila melanogaster and that cross-hybridizes with dna from other species such as arabidopsis, mouse and human. this evolutionary conservation suggests that dodeca-satellite might play an important role in the centromeric function. therefore, the aim of our research was the isolament of genes encoding proteins that might help stabilize these dna struct ... | 1999 | 10428466 |
| a family of structurally related ring finger proteins interacts specifically with the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme ubcm4. | the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme ubcm4 was previously shown to be necessary for normal mouse development. as a first step in identifying target proteins or proteins involved in the specificity of ubcm4-mediated ubiquitylation, we have isolated seven cdnas encoding proteins that specifically interact with ubcm4 but with none of the other ubcs tested. this interaction was observed in yeast as well as in mammalian cells. with one exception, all ubcm4-interacting proteins (uips) belong to a family o ... | 1999 | 10431818 |
| allelic loss mapping and physical delineation of a region harboring a putative thymic lymphoma suppressor gene on mouse chromosome 12. | our previous allelic loss analysis of gamma-ray induced thymic lymphomas in f1 hybrid and backcross mice between balb/c and msm strains mapped the tlsr4 region exhibiting a high frequency of allelic loss (62%) to a 2.9 cm interval between the markers d12mit53 and d12mit279 on mouse chromosome 12. to narrow further the interval harboring a putative tumor suppressor gene, a high-density scan has been carried out for informative 361 thymic lymphomas. construction of a physical map of tlsr4 with 3 y ... | 1999 | 10435594 |
| the zinc finger protein a20 interacts with a novel anti-apoptotic protein which is cleaved by specific caspases. | a20 is a cys2/cys2 zinc finger protein which is induced by a variety of inflammatory stimuli and which has been characterized as an inhibitor of cell death by a yet unknown mechanism. in order to clarify its molecular mechanism of action, we used the yeast two-hybrid system to screen for proteins that interact with a20. a cdna fragment was isolated which encoded a portion of a novel protein (txbp151), which was recently found to be a human t-cell leukemia virus type-i (htlv-i) tax-binding protei ... | 1999 | 10435631 |
| the mammalian swi/snf complex and the control of cell growth. | the mammalian swi/snf complex is a chromatin remodelling complex that uses the energy of atp hydrolysis to facilitate access of transcription factors to regulatory dna sequences. this complex, that was initially described as a co-factor for nuclear receptors, has recently been associated with the control of cell growth. two of the subunits known as brg-1 and brm can associate with the retinoblastoma tumour suppressor gene product and co-operate with this protein for repression of e2f activity. i ... | 1999 | 10441072 |
| point mutations throughout the gli3 gene cause greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome. | greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome, characterized by craniofacial and limb anomalies (gcps; mim 175700), previously has been demonstrated to be associated with translocations as well as point mutations affecting one allele of the zinc finger gene gli3. in addition to gcps, pallister-hall syndrome (phs; mim 146510) and post-axial polydactyly type a (pap-a; mim 174200), two other disorders of human development, are caused by gli3 mutations. in order to gain more insight into the mutational spect ... | 1999 | 10441342 |
| genomic organization and mapping of the human and mouse neuronal beta2-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes. | as a first step in determining whether there are polymorphisms in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr) genes that are associated with nicotine addiction, we isolated genomic clones of the beta2-nachr genes from human and mouse bac libraries. although cdna sequences were available for the human gene, only the promoter sequence had been reported for the mouse gene. we determined the genomic structures by sequencing 12 kb of the human gene and over 7 kb of the mouse gene. while the sizes of ... | 1999 | 10441742 |
| phosphorylation by p44 map kinase/erk1 stimulates cbp histone acetyl transferase activity in vitro. | the transcriptional coactivator cbp displays an intrinsic histone acetyl transferase (hat) activity which seems to participate in transcriptional activation through the destabilization of nucleosome structure. cbp is involved in the activity of several transcription factors that are nuclear endpoints of intracellular signal transduction pathways. in some instances, the transcription factors are phosphorylated upon cell activation, which induces their interaction with cbp. cbp itself is a phospho ... | 1999 | 10448085 |
| human chromosome 3 and pig chromosome 13 show complete synteny conservation but extensive gene-order differences. | a comparative map of human chromosome 3 (hsa 3) and pig chromosome 13 (ssc 13) was constructed using physically assigned pig sequence-tagged sites (stss). pig stss representing 11 hsa 3 genes, including v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (raf1), retinoic acid beta receptor (rarb), cholecystokinin (cck), pituitary transcription factor 1 (pou1f1), ceruloplasmin (cp), guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha-inhibiting polypeptide 2 (gnai2), sucrase-isomaltase (si), rhodopsin (rho), ... | 1999 | 10449917 |
| regulation of apc activity by phosphorylation and regulatory factors. | ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of cut2/pds1 and cyclin b is required for sister chromatid separation and exit from mitosis, respectively. anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (apc) specifically ubiquitinates cut2/pds1 at metaphase-anaphase transition, and ubiquitinates cyclin b in late mitosis and g1 phase. however, the exact regulatory mechanism of substrate-specific activation of mammalian apc with the right timing remains to be elucidated. we found that not only the binding of the activators ... | 1999 | 10459014 |
| export pumps for anionic conjugates encoded by mrp genes. | several members of the multidrug resistance protein (mrp) family mediate the atp-dependent transport of amphiphilic anions across membranes. the substrate specificity of recombinant human mrp1 has been most extensively defined by use of inside-out membrane vesicles. substrates include the glutathione s-conjugate leukotriene c4, 17 beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, glucuronosyl bilirubin, glutathione disulfide, in addition to the fluorescent lipophilic anion fluo-3. these substances are also substrate ... | 1999 | 10470375 |
| human very long-chain acyl-coa synthetase and two human homologs: initial characterization and relationship to fatty acid transport protein. | several human genes with a high degree of homology to rat very long-chain acyl-coa synthetase (rvlcs) and mouse fatty acid transport protein (mfatp) were identified. full-length cdna clones were obtained for three genes, and predicted amino acid sequences were generated. initial characterization indicated that one gene was most likely hvlcs, the human ortholog of rvlcs. the other two (hvlcs-h1 and hvlcs-h2) were more closely related to rvlcs than to mfatp. phylogenetic analysis of amino acid seq ... | 1999 | 10471116 |
| tpr1, a schizosaccharomyces pombe protein involved in potassium transport. | the schizosaccharomyces pombe tpr1 was isolated as suppressor of the saccharomyces cerevisiae delta trk1,2 potassium uptake deficient phenotype. tpr1, for tetratrico peptide repeat, encodes a 1039 amino acid residues protein with several reiterated tpr units displaying significant homology to p150(tsp), a recently identified phosphoprotein of mouse, to s. cerevisiae ctr9 and to related sequences of human, caenorhabditis elegans, methanoccocus jannaschii and arabidopsis thaliana. expression of tp ... | 1999 | 10471809 |
| expression profile of the copper homeostasis gene, ratox1, in the rat brain. | in humans the regulation of cellular copper homeostasis is essential for proper organ development and function. a novel cytosolic protein, named atox 1, was recently identified in yeast that functions in shuttling intracellular mononuclear copper [cu(i)] to copper-requiring proteins. atox 1 and its human homolog, hatox1, are members of an emerging family of proteins termed copper chaperones that are involved in the maintenance of copper homeostasis. northern blot analysis demonstrates that atox ... | 1999 | 10473283 |
| protective effect of the yeast glucomannan against cyclophosphamide-induced mutagenicity. | glucomannan (gm) isolated from candida utilis with molecular weight 30 kda was administered either intraperitoneally or orally prior to cyclophosphamide (cp) injection and its effect on the frequency of micronuclei was evaluated in polychromatic erythrocytes of mouse bone marrow. gm administration by either route decreased significantly (p<0.002) the clastogenic effect of cp. the protective effect was concentration-dependent, with a higher decrease achieved by 200 mg/kg than by 100 mg/kg b. wt. ... | 1999 | 10477345 |
| coactivators for the orphan nuclear receptor roralpha. | a mutation in the nuclear orphan receptor roralpha results in a severe impairment of cerebellar development by unknown mechanisms. we have shown previously that roralpha contains a strong constitutive activation domain in its c terminus. we therefore searched for mammalian roralpha coactivators using the minimal activation domain as bait in a two-hybrid screen. several known and putative coactivators were isolated, including glucocorticoid receptor-interacting protein-1 (grip-1) and peroxisome p ... | 1999 | 10478845 |
| requirement of an e1a-sensitive coactivator for long-range transactivation by the beta-globin locus control region. | four erythroid-specific dnase i-hypersensitive sites at the 5'-end of the beta-globin locus confer high-level transcription to the beta-globin genes. to identify coactivators that mediate long-range transactivation by this locus control region (lcr), we assessed the influence of e1a, an inhibitor of the cbp/p300 histone acetylase, on lcr function. e1a strongly inhibited transactivation of agamma- and beta-globin promoters by the hs2, hs2-hs3, and hs1-hs4 subregions of the lcr in human k562 and m ... | 1999 | 10480893 |
| the mammalian hsf4 gene generates both an activator and a repressor of heat shock genes by alternative splicing. | the expression of heat shock genes is controlled at the level of transcription by members of the heat shock transcription factor family in vertebrates. hsf4 is a mammalian factor characterized by its lack of a suppression domain that modulates formation of dna-binding homotrimer. here, we have determined the exon structure of the human hsf4 gene and identified a major new isoform, hsf4b, derived by alternative rna splicing events, in addition to a previously reported hsf4a isoform. in mouse tiss ... | 1999 | 10488131 |
| random chromosome segregation without meiotic arrest in both male and female meiocytes of a dmc1 mutant of arabidopsis. | in yeast, the dmc1 gene is required for interhomolog recombination, which is an essential step for bivalent formation and the correct partition of chromosomes during meiosis i. by using a reverse genetics approach, we were able to identify a t-dna insertion in atdmc1, the arabidopsis homolog of dmc1. homozygotes for the atdmc1 insertion failed to express atdmc1, and their residual fertility was 1.5% that of the wild type. complete fertility was restored in mutant plants when a wild-type copy of ... | 1999 | 10488231 |
| cooperation of six and eya in activation of their target genes through nuclear translocation of eya. | drosophila sine oculis and eyes absent genes synergize in compound-eye formation. the murine homologues of these genes, six and eya, respectively, show overlapping expression patterns during development. we hypothesized that six and eya proteins cooperate to regulate their target genes. cotransfection assays were performed with various combinations of six and eya to assess their effects on a potential natural target, myogenin promoter, and on a synthetic promoter, the thymidine kinase gene promo ... | 1999 | 10490620 |
| emk protein kinase-null mice: dwarfism and hypofertility associated with alterations in the somatotrope and prolactin pathways. | gene trapping was used in embryonic stem (es) cells in an attempt to inactivate genes involved in development. the emk (elkl motif kinase) gene has been disrupted and a mutant mouse line derived. previous work had shown that emk kinases, called mark in the rat, exert a major control on microtubule stability by phosphorylating microtubule-associated proteins and that genes homologous to emk in yeast or caenorhabditis elegans are essential for cell and embryonic polarity. although we found the emk ... | 1999 | 10491259 |
| cloning and characterization of human and mouse prosc (proline synthetase co-transcribed) genes. | large-scale dna sequencing, coupled with in silico gene trapping, is a robust approach to identifying unknown genes in selected genomic regions. using this approach we have isolated a novel human gene, prosc (for proline synthetase co-transcribed [bacterial homolog]), from human chromosome 8p11.2, and its mouse counterpart. the human prosc gene spanned 17 kb of genomic dna; its cdna was 2530 bp long, with 8 exons that included an open reading frame of 825 bp (275 amino acids). the mouse cdna (pr ... | 1999 | 10496079 |
| chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor ii, a new partner of the glucose response element of the l-type pyruvate kinase gene, acts as an inhibitor of the glucose response. | transcription of the l-type pyruvate kinase (l-pk) gene is induced by glucose in the presence of insulin and repressed by glucagon via cyclic amp. the dna regulatory sequence responsible for mediating glucose and cyclic amp responses, called glucose response element (glre), consists of two degenerated e boxes spaced by 5 base pairs and is able to bind basic helix-loop-helix/leucine zipper proteins, in particular the upstream stimulatory factors (usfs). from ex vivo and in vivo experiments, it ap ... | 1999 | 10497199 |
| ubiquitous expression and embryonic requirement for rna polymerase ii coactivator subunit srb7 in mice. | mammalian rna polymerase ii complexes and coactivators containing homologs of yeast srb/med proteins have been isolated recently from tissue culture cells. the yeast srb/med complex is involved in global gene expression and is essential, but it is not yet known if its mammalian counterparts are broadly expressed in tissues or if they are essential. we have isolated the murine gene encoding srb7, an srb/med complex protein whose sequence and function is highly conserved between yeast and humans. ... | 1999 | 10500093 |
| functional screening of an asthma qtl in yac transgenic mice. | many quantitative trait loci (qtls) contributing to genetically complex conditions have been discovered, but few causative genes have been identified. this is mainly due to the large size of qtls and the subtle connection between genotype and quantitative phenotype associated with these conditions. transgenic mice have been successfully used to analyse well-characterized genes suspected of contributing to quantitative traits. although this approach is powerful for examining one gene at a time, i ... | 1999 | 10508526 |
| sequence analysis of sla2 of the dimorphic yeasts candida albicans and yarrowia lipolytica. | we report the complete nucleotide sequence of sla2 of the dimorphic yeasts candida albicans and yarrowia lipolytica. in saccharomyces cerevisiae, sla2 codes for an actin binding protein. the deduced amino acid (aa) sequences of c. albicans casla2p and y. lipolytica ylsla2p consist of 1063 and 1054 aa, respectively. the alignment of the deduced proteins of saccharomyces cerevisiae, y. lipolytica and c. albicans shows regions of identity in the n-terminal part of the proteins, which are essential ... | 1999 | 10514569 |
| hybridization-based karyotyping of mouse chromosomes: hybridization-bands. | we have developed a method, which we have named hybridization-banding, to identify simultaneously all chromosomes in a mouse metaphase spread. the method uses a combination of hybridization probes labeled with a single fluor to yield a simple, unique, readily identifiable hybridization pattern on each chromosome. the method is superior to giemsa- or fluorescence-based banding methods for chromosome identification because the hybridization patterns are simpler and easier to identify, and unique p ... | 1999 | 10516429 |
| a multicopper oxidase gene from candida albicans: cloning, characterization and disruption. | a multicopper oxidase gene from the human pathogenic yeast candida albicans was isolated and characterized. an open reading frame of 1872 bp, designated cafet3, was identified, encoding a predicted protein of 624 amino acids and a molecular mass of 70.5 kda. the identity between the deduced amino acid sequences of cafet3 and the saccharomyces cerevisiae fet3 gene is 55%. cafet3 was localized on chromosome 6. a null mutant (fet3delta/fet3delta) was constructed by sequential gene disruption. unlik ... | 1999 | 10517594 |
| heme oxygenase: recent advances in understanding its regulation and role. | heme oxygenase (ho) is responsible for the physiological breakdown of heme into equimolar amounts of biliverdin, carbon monoxide, and iron. three isoforms (ho-1, ho-2, and ho-3) have been identified. ho-1 is ubiquitous and its mrna and activity can be increased several-fold by heme, other metalloporphyrins, transition metals, and stimuli that induce cellular stress. ho-1 is recognized as a major heat shock/stress response protein. recent work from our laboratory has demonstrated several potentia ... | 1999 | 10519165 |
| mutations in npc1 highlight a conserved npc1-specific cysteine-rich domain. | niemann-pick type ii disease is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a defect in intracellular trafficking of sterols. we have determined the intron/exon boundaries of eight exons from the conserved 3' portion of npc1, the gene associated with most cases of the disease. sscp analyses were designed for these exons and were used to identify the majority of mutations in 13 apparently unrelated families. thirteen mutations were found, accounting for 19 of the 26 alleles. these mutations ... | 1999 | 10521290 |
| characterization of a mammalian gene related to the yeast ccr4 general transcription factor and revealed by transposon insertion. | murine intracisternal a-particles (iaps) are reiterated retrovirus-like transposable elements that can act as insertional mutagens. accordingly, we previously identified a chimeric transcript initiated at an iap promoter and extending through a 3'-located open reading frame with significant similarity to the c-terminal domain of the yeast ccr4 general transcription factor. in this report, we characterize the corresponding murine gene, mccr4, and its human homologue, thus providing the first desc ... | 1999 | 10521507 |
| a novel regulator of g protein signalling in yeast, rgs2, downregulates glucose-activation of the camp pathway through direct inhibition of gpa2. | we have characterized a novel member of the recently identified family of regulators of heterotrimeric g protein signalling (rgs) in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. the yor107w/rgs2 gene was isolated as a multi-copy suppressor of glucose-induced loss of heat resistance in stationary phase cells. the n-terminal half of the rgs2 protein consists of a typical rgs domain. deletion and overexpression of rgs2, respectively, enhances and reduces glucose-induced accumulation of camp. overexpression ... | 1999 | 10523302 |
| mammalian cdc7-dbf4 protein kinase complex is essential for initiation of dna replication. | the cdc7-dbf4 kinase is essential for regulating initiation of dna replication in saccharomyces cerevisiae. previously, we identified a human cdc7 homolog, hscdc7. in this study, we report the identification of a human dbf4 homolog, hsdbf4. we show that hsdbf4 binds to hscdc7 and activates hscdc7 kinase activity when hsdbf4 and hscdc7 are coexpressed in insect and mammalian cells. hsdbf4 protein levels are regulated during the cell cycle with a pattern that matches that of hscdc7 protein kinase ... | 1999 | 10523313 |
| requirement for ras/rac1-mediated p38 and c-jun n-terminal kinase signaling in stat3 transcriptional activity induced by the src oncoprotein. | signal transducers and activators of transcription (stats) are transcription factors that mediate normal biologic responses to cytokines and growth factors. however, abnormal activation of certain stat family members, including stat3, is increasingly associated with oncogenesis. in fibroblasts expressing the src oncoprotein, activation of stat3 induces specific gene expression and is required for cell transformation. although the src tyrosine kinase induces constitutive stat3 phosphorylation on ... | 1999 | 10523640 |
| overproduction of th2-specific chemokines in nc/nga mice exhibiting atopic dermatitis-like lesions. | we have examined the expression of chemokines and their receptors in the atopic dermatitis-like (ad-like) lesions of nc/nga mice. such lesions develop when the mice are kept in conventional conditions, but not when they are kept isolated from specific pathogens. the thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine tarc is unexpectedly highly expressed in the basal epidermis of 14-week-old mice with lesions, whereas it is not expressed in the skin without lesions. production of tarc by keratinocytes wa ... | 1999 | 10525048 |
| each mammalian mitochondrial outer membrane porin protein is dispensable: effects on cellular respiration. | voltage-dependent anion channels (vdacs, also known as mitochondrial porins) are small pore-forming proteins of the mitochondrial outer membrane found in all eukaryotes. mammals harbor three distinct vdac isoforms, with each protein sharing 65-70% sequence identity. deletion of the yeast vdac1 gene leads to conditional lethality that can be partially or completely complemented by the mammalian vdac genes. in vitro, vdacs conduct a variety of small metabolites and in vivo they serve as a binding ... | 1999 | 10525161 |
| rad51 and dmc1 form mixed complexes associated with mouse meiotic chromosome cores and synaptonemal complexes. | the eukaryotic reca homologues rad51 and dmc1 function in homology recognition and formation of joint-molecule recombination intermediates during yeast meiosis. the precise immunolocalization of these two proteins on the meiotic chromosomes of plants and animals has been complicated by their high degree of identity at the amino acid level. with antibodies that have been immunodepleted of cross-reactive epitopes, we demonstrate that rad51 and dmc1 have identical distribution patterns in extracts ... | 1999 | 10525529 |
| chemically synthesized ubiquitin extension proteins detect distinct catalytic capacities of deubiquitinating enzymes. | we have used solid-phase chemistry to synthesize proteins equivalent to a human ubiquitin precursor (ubiquitin-52-amino-acid ribosomal protein fusion; ubicep52) and representative of isopeptide-linked ubiquitin-protein conjugates [ubiquitin-(epsilonn)-lysine]; these proteins were precisely cleaved by a purified recombinant drosophila deubiquitinating enzyme (dub), uch-d. along with the previously synthesized ubiquitin-(alphan)-valine, these synthetic proteins were used as substrates to assess th ... | 1999 | 10527495 |
| interaction of the metalloprotease disintegrins mdc9 and mdc15 with two sh3 domain-containing proteins, endophilin i and sh3px1. | metalloprotease disintegrins (a disintegrin and metalloprotease (adam) and metalloprotease, disintegrin, cysteine-rich proteins (mdc)) are a family of membrane-anchored glycoproteins that function in diverse biological processes, including fertilization, neurogenesis, myogenesis, and ectodomain processing of cytokines and other proteins. the cytoplasmic domains of adams often include putative signaling motifs, such as proline-rich sh3 ligand domains, suggesting that interactions with cytoplasmic ... | 1999 | 10531379 |
| expression and secretion of a biologically active mouse sonic hedgehog protein by the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. | we have successfully secreted the amino-terminal functional domain of mouse sonic hedgehog protein (shh) into culture fluid using a yeast pichia pastoris expression system. a cdna fragment encoding the amino-terminal domain of mouse shh was inserted downstream of the saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-mating factor secretion signal. the dna fragment was introduced into the host genome by the spheroplast transformation method. transformants were selected based on their resistance to g418: his+ transf ... | 1999 | 10531654 |
| structure and regulation of the mouse ing1 gene. three alternative transcripts encode two phd finger proteins that have opposite effects on p53 function. | the human ing1 gene encodes nuclear protein p33(ing1), previously shown to cooperate with p53 in cell growth control (garkavtsev, i., grigorian, i. a., ossovskaya, v. s., chernov, m. v., chumakov, p. m., and gudkov, a. v. (1998) nature 391, 295-298). p33(ing1) belongs to a small family of proteins from human, mouse, and yeast of approximately the same size that show significant similarity to one another within the c-terminal phd finger domain and also contain an additional n-terminal region with ... | 1999 | 10542254 |
| a yeast screen system for aromatase inhibitors and ligands for androgen receptor: yeast cells transformed with aromatase and androgen receptor. | endocrine disruptors are hormone mimics that modify hormonal action in humans and animals. it is thought that some endocrine disruptors modify estrogen and androgen action in humans and animals by suppressing aromatase activity. aromatase cytochrome p450 is the key enzyme that converts c19 androgens to aromatic c18 estrogenic steroids. we have developed a novel aromatase inhibitor screening method that allows us to identify antiaromatase activity of various environmental chemicals. the screen wa ... | 1999 | 10544151 |
| hiv-1 tat transcriptional activity is regulated by acetylation. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) trans- activator protein, tat, stimulates transcription from the viral long-terminal repeats (ltr) through an rna hairpin element, trans-activation responsive region (tar). we and others have shown that trans-activator protein (tat)-associated histone acetyltransferases (tahs), p300 and p300/cbp-associating factor (pcaf), assist functionally in the activation of chromosomally integrated hiv-1 ltr. here, we show that p300 and pcaf also directly acetylate tat ... | 1999 | 10545121 |
| biochemical characterization of the ras-related gtpases rit and rin. | we report the biochemical characterization of rit and rin, two members of the ras superfamily identified by expression cloning. recombinant rit and rin bind gtp and exhibit intrinsic gtpase activity. conversion of gln to leu at position 79 (for rit) or 78 (for rin) (equivalent to position 61 in ras) resulted in a complete loss of gtpase activity. surprisingly, significant differences were found when the guanine nucleotide dissociation constants of rit and rin were compared with the majority of r ... | 1999 | 10545207 |
| biochemical characterization and expression analysis of neural thrombospondin-1-like proteins nell1 and nell2. | two closely related genes coding for nell proteins (nell1 and nell2) have been cloned by the yeast two-hybrid screening of a rat brain cdna library with the regulatory domain of protein kinase c betai (pkcbetai) as bait. the rat nell proteins show about 55% identity with each other and contain several protein motifs assigned to a secretion signal peptide, an nh(2)-terminal thrombospondin-1 (tsp-1)-like module, five von willebrand factor c domains, and six epidermal growth factor-like domains; th ... | 1999 | 10548494 |
| homo- and heterodimerization of peroxisomal atp-binding cassette half-transporters. | mammalian peroxisomal proteins adrenoleukodystrophy protein (aldp), adrenoleukodystrophy-related protein (aldrp), and 70-kda peroxisomal protein (pmp70) belong to the superfamily of atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters. unlike many abc transporters that are single functional proteins with two related halves, aldp, aldrp, and pmp70 have the structure of abc half-transporters. the dysfunction of aldp is responsible for x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (x-ald), a neurodegenerative disorder in which ... | 1999 | 10551832 |
| identification and characterization of the mouse muts homolog 5: msh5. | we have identified and characterized the complete cdna and gene for the mouse muts homolog 5 (msh5), as a step toward understanding the molecular genetic mechanisms involved in the biological function of this new muts homologous protein in mammals. the msh5 cdna contains a 2502-bp open reading frame (orf) that encodes an 833-amino acid protein with a predicted molecular weight of 92.6 kda, which shares 89.8% amino acid sequence identity with the human hmsh5 protein. northern blot analysis demons ... | 1999 | 10556423 |
| the kinesin-like motor protein kif1c occurs in intact cells as a dimer and associates with proteins of the 14-3-3 family. | proteins of the kinesin superfamily are regulated in their motor activity as well as in their ability to bind to their cargo by carboxyl-terminal associating proteins and phosphorylation. kif1c, a recently identified member of the kif1/unc104 family, was shown to be involved in the retrograde vesicle transport from the golgi-apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum. in a yeast two-hybrid screen using the carboxyl-terminal 350 amino acids of kif1c as a bait, we identified as binding proteins 14-3-3 ... | 1999 | 10559254 |
| toxicological assessment of recombinant xylanase x(22) in wine. | toxicological evaluation of xylanase x(22) from aspergillus nidulans expressed in a wine yeast strain was carried out. the safety of the x(22) intake was assessed by digestibility, bioinformatic, and mouse short-term repeated dosing studies, although x(22) shows resistance to proteolytic degradation in the gastrointestinal system, is a minority protein component (<0.5 10(-)(6) %) of the produced wine, and shows no significant amino acid sequence homology to any known food allergens. the 4-week o ... | 1999 | 10564023 |
| utilization of the indirect lysosome targeting pathway by lysosome-associated membrane proteins (lamps) is influenced largely by the c-terminal residue of their gyxxphi targeting signals. | a systematic study was conducted on the requirements at the c-terminal position for the targeting of lamps to lysosomes, examining the hypothesis that a bulky hydrophobic residue is required. mutations deleting or replacing the c-terminal valine with g, a, c, l, i, m, k, f, y, or w were constructed in a reporter protein consisting of the lumenal/extracellular domain of avian lamp-1 fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of lamp-2b. the steady-state distribution of each mutant form in ... | 1999 | 10564644 |
| isolation and characterization of cox17p from porcine heart by determining its survival-promoting activity in nih3t3 cells. | we have found that the gel filtration fraction of porcine heart extract clearly promoted the survival of nih3t3 fibroblast cells in the serum-free medium condition. a structural analysis showed that the active fraction contained a novel peptide, porcine cox17p (p-cox17p), which was recently reported by chen et al. as dopuin (z. w. chen et al., eur. j. biochem. 249 (1997) 518-522). porcine cox17p/dopuin possesses high sequence homology to the product of human cox17 gene (h-cox17p). although cox17 ... | 1999 | 10564764 |
| suppression of microphthalmia transcriptional activity by its association with protein kinase c-interacting protein 1 in mast cells. | microphthalmia (mi) is a transcription factor that plays a major role in the regulation of growth and function in mast cells and melanocytes. association of mi with other proteins is a critical step in the regulation of mi-mediated transcriptional activation. we found protein kinase c-interacting protein 1 (pkci) specifically associated with mi in yeast two-hybrid screening. immunoprecipitation of mi from quiescent rat basophilic leukemic cells or mouse melanocytes resulted in the specific co-im ... | 1999 | 10567402 |
| biochemical analysis of distinct activation functions in p300 that enhance transcription initiation with chromatin templates. | to investigate the mechanisms of transcriptional enhancement by the p300 coactivator, we analyzed wild-type and mutant versions of p300 with a chromatin transcription system in vitro. estrogen receptor, nf-kappab p65 plus sp1, and gal4-vp16 were used as different sequence-specific activators. the ch3 domain (or e1a-binding region) was found to be essential for the function of each of the activators tested. the bromodomain was also observed to be generally important for p300 coactivator activity, ... | 1999 | 10567538 |
| cytogenetic characteristics and p53 gene status of human teratocarcinoma pa-1 cells in 407-445 passages. | to study why the human teratocarcinoma cell line pa-1 maintains a stable near-diploid karyotype even after it has been cultured for more than twenty years, p53 gene status of the cell line in 407-445 passages were investigated in detail by dna sequence analysis and a yeast function status assay. direct sequence analysis of rt-pcr products showed both wild and mutated bands (p53 codon 239 mutation). consistent with the above results, the functional assay showed that one allele of the p53 gene was ... | 1999 | 10567668 |
| neural restrictive silencer factor recruits msin3 and histone deacetylase complex to repress neuron-specific target genes. | accumulative evidence suggests that more than 20 neuron-specific genes are regulated by a transcriptional cis-regulatory element known as the neural restrictive silencer (nrs). a trans-acting repressor that binds the nrs, nrsf [also designated re1-silencing transcription factor (rest)] has been cloned, but the mechanism by which it represses transcription is unknown. here we show evidence that nrsf represses transcription of its target genes by recruiting msin3 and histone deacetylase. transfect ... | 1999 | 10570134 |
| in silico detection of control signals: mrna 3'-end-processing sequences in diverse species. | we have investigated mrna 3'-end-processing signals in each of six eukaryotic species (yeast, rice, arabidopsis, fruitfly, mouse, and human) through the analysis of more than 20,000 3'-expressed sequence tags. the use and conservation of the canonical aauaaa element vary widely among the six species and are especially weak in plants and yeast. even in the animal species, the aauaaa signal does not appear to be as universal as indicated by previous studies. the abundance of single-base variants o ... | 1999 | 10570197 |
| characterization of the amino-terminal activation domain of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. importance of alpha-helical structure in the transactivating function. | the transactivating function of the a/b region of mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (pparalpha; nr1c1) was characterized. the truncated version of pparalpha lacking the a/b region had 60-70% lower transactivating function than full-length pparalpha in both the presence and absence of the peroxisome proliferator ciprofibrate. when tethered to the yeast gal4 dna-binding domain, the a/b region exhibited the significant ligand-independent transactivating function, af-1 activity. ... | 1999 | 10574998 |
| identification of eps8 as a dvl1-associated molecule. | dishevelled (dsh) is involved in both wingless (wg) and frizzled (fz) signaling pathways. to further determine the function of dsh, we have performed yeast two-hybrid screening and isolated several genes encoding the molecules associated with the pdz domain of dvl1, one of the murine dsh homologs. during the screening, we found that eps8, which is a substrate for activated egf receptor (egfr), specifically interacted with dvl1. this interaction was also confirmed in vitro. through transfection s ... | 1999 | 10581192 |
| long inverted repeats are an at-risk motif for recombination in mammalian cells. | certain dna sequence motifs and structures can promote genomic instability. we have explored instability induced in mouse cells by long inverted repeats (lirs). a cassette was constructed containing a herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (tk) gene into which was inserted an lir composed of two inverted copies of a 1.1-kb yeast ura3 gene sequence separated by a 200-bp spacer sequence. the tk gene was introduced into the genome of mouse ltk(-) fibroblasts either by itself or in conjunction with a ... | 1999 | 10581292 |
| presence of telomeric g-strand tails in the telomerase catalytic subunit tert knockout mice. | telomerase consists of two essential subunits, the template rna (tr; telomerase rna) and the catalytic subunit tert (telomerase reverse transcriptase). knockout mice with a mtr (mouse tr) deletion have been described and well characterized. however, mice with a mtert (mouse tert) deletion have not been reported. | 1999 | 10583505 |
| mitop, the mitochondrial proteome database: 2000 update. | mitop (http://www.mips.biochem.mpg.de/proj/medgen/mitop/) is a comprehensive database for genetic and functional information on both nuclear- and mitochondrial-encoded proteins and their genes. the five species files--saccharomyces cerevisiae, mus musculus, caenorhabditis elegans, neurospora crassa and homo sapiens--include annotated data derived from a variety of online resources and the literature. a wide spectrum of search facilities is given in the overlapping sections 'gene catalogues', 'pr ... | 2000 | 10592209 |
| the 1999 swiss-2dpage database update. | swiss-2dpage (http://www.expasy.ch/ch2d/ ) is an annotated two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electro-phoresis (2-de) database established in 1993. the current release contains 24 reference maps from human and mouse biological samples, as well as from saccharomyces cerevisiae, escherichia coli and dictyostelium discoideum origin. these reference maps have now 2824 identified spots, corresponding to 614 separate protein entries in the database, in addition to virtual entries for each swiss-prot s ... | 2000 | 10592248 |
| mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins (2). amino acid sequencing, characterization, and identification of corresponding gene sequences. | four different classes of mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins were identified and characterized. mature proteins were purified from bovine liver and subjected to n-terminal or matrix-assisted laser-desorption mass spectroscopic amino acid sequencing after tryptic in-gel digestion and high pressure liquid chromatography separation of the resulting peptides. peptide sequences obtained were used to virtually screen expressed sequence tag data bases from human, mouse, and rat. consensus cdnas ... | 1999 | 10593885 |
| effect of int1 gene on candida albicans murine intestinal colonization. | increased intestinal colonization with candida albicans is believed to be a major factor predisposing immunocompromised and postsurgical patients to systemic candidiasis, although the mechanisms facilitating c. albicans colonization remain unclear. because previous studies have linked the c. albicans int1 gene to filament formation, epithelial adherence, and mouse virulence, experiments were designed to evaluate the effect of int1 on intestinal colonization. | 1999 | 10600356 |
| identification and characterization of sorcs, a third member of a novel receptor family. | a novel receptor, sorcs, was isolated from murine brain. it shows homology to the mosaic receptor sorla and the neurotensin receptor sortilin based on a common vps10 domain which is the hallmark of this new receptor family. in the n-terminus of sorcs two putative cleavage sites for the convertase furin mark the beginning of the vps10 domain, followed by a module of imperfect leucine-rich repeats and a transmembrane domain. the short intracellular c-terminus contains consensus signals for rapid i ... | 1999 | 10600506 |
| a novel interaction of cgmp-dependent protein kinase i with troponin t. | cgmp-dependent protein kinase (cgk) is a major intracellular receptor of cgmp and is implicated in several signal transduction pathways. to identify proteins that participate in the cgmp/cgk signaling pathway, we employed the yeast two-hybrid system with cgk ialpha as bait. cdnas encoding slow skeletal troponin t (sktnt) were isolated from both mouse embryo and human skeletal muscle cdna libraries. the sktnt protein interacted with cgk ibeta but not with cgk ii nor camp-dependent protein kinase. ... | 1999 | 10601315 |
| molecular characterization of mesoderm-restricted basic helix-loop-helix protein, pod-1/capsulin. | members of the basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) family of transcription factors have been implicated in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. here we describe molecular characterization of mesoderm-specific bhlh protein, pod-1/capsulin. northern blot analysis showed that pod-1/capsulin are preferentially expressed in human vascular smooth muscle cells, and are enriched in mouse heart, kidney, testis, spleen, and lung. ectopic expression of the ha-tagged pod-1/capsulin in 293t ce ... | 2000 | 10601570 |
| the nucleocapsid protein of coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus interacts with the cellular heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein a1 in vitro and in vivo. | the nucleocapsid (n) protein of mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) and the cellular heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein a1 (hnrnp-a1) are rna-binding proteins, binding to the leader rna and the intergenic sequence of mhv negative-strand template rnas, respectively. previous studies have suggested a role for both n and hnrnp-a1 proteins in mhv rna synthesis. however, it is not known whether the two proteins can interact with each other. here we employed a series of methods to determine their interac ... | 1999 | 10603321 |
| the leukemia-associated protein btg1 and the p53-regulated protein btg2 interact with the homeoprotein hoxb9 and enhance its transcriptional activation. | btg1 and btg2 belong to a family of functionally related genes involved in the control of the cell cycle. as part of an ongoing attempt to understand their biological functions, we used a yeast two-hybrid screening to look for possible functional partners of btg1 and btg2. here we report the physical and functional association between these proteins and the homeodomain protein hoxb9. we further show that btg1 and btg2 enhance hoxb9-mediated transcription in transfected cells, and we report the f ... | 2000 | 10617598 |
| mutations in a nima-related kinase gene, nek1, cause pleiotropic effects including a progressive polycystic kidney disease in mice. | we previously have described a mouse model for polycystic kidney disease (pkd) caused by either of two mutations, kat or kat(2j), that map to the same locus on chromosome 8. the homozygous mutant animals have a latent onset, slowly progressing form of pkd with renal pathology similar to the human autosomal-dominant pkd. in addition, the mutant animals show pleiotropic effects that include facial dysmorphism, dwarfing, male sterility, anemia, and cystic choroid plexus. we previously fine-mapped t ... | 2000 | 10618398 |
| nxp-1, a human protein related to rad21/scc1/mcd1, is a component of the nuclear matrix. | nuclear matrix is a complex intranuclear network supposed to be involved in the various nuclear functions. in order to identify the nuclear matrix proteins, we isolated a cdna clone from a human placenta cdna library. this clone was partially represented a known cdna clone ha1237. ha1237 encoded a 631-amino-acid peptide, which we designated nxp-1. nxp-1 was related to yeast rad21/scc1/mcd1, xenopus xrad21, and mouse pw29, and identical with hr21spa isolated from a human testis cdna library. we d ... | 2000 | 10623634 |
| protein inhibitor of activated stat-1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription-1) is a nuclear receptor coregulator expressed in human testis. | an androgen receptor (ar) interacting protein was isolated from a hela cell cdna library by two-hybrid screening in yeast using the ar dna+ligand binding domains as bait. the protein has sequence identity with human protein inhibitor of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription (pias1) and human gu rna helicase ii binding protein (gbp). binding of pias1 to human ar dna+ligand binding domains was androgen dependent in the yeast liquid beta-galactosidase assay. activation of bindi ... | 2000 | 10628744 |
| atpase-defective mammalian vps4 localizes to aberrant endosomes and impairs cholesterol trafficking. | the yeast vacuolar sorting protein vps4p is an atpase required for endosomal trafficking that couples membrane association to its atpase cycle. to investigate the function of mammalian vps4 in endosomal trafficking, we have transiently expressed wild-type or atpase-defective human vps4 (hvps4) in cultured cells. wild-type hvps4 was cytosolic, whereas a substantial fraction of hvps4 that was unable to either bind or hydrolyze atp was localized to membranes, including those of specifically induced ... | 2000 | 10637304 |
| chromosomal localization of phospholipase a2 activating protein, an ets2 target gene, to 9p21. | a murine ets2 target gene isolated by differential display cloning was identified as the phospholipase a2 activating protein (plaa) gene. a 2.7-kb human cdna demonstrating high homology to mouse and rat plaa genes was then isolated and characterized. human plaa contains six wd-40 repeat motifs and three different protein kinase consensus domains. fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) mapping placed plaa on chromosome 9p21, a region frequently deleted in various cancers. a comprehensive mappi ... | 1999 | 10644453 |
| aromatic hydrocarbon receptor interaction with the retinoblastoma protein potentiates repression of e2f-dependent transcription and cell cycle arrest. | polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, of which 2,3,7, 8-tetrachloro-p-dioxin (tcdd) is the prototype compound, elicit a variety of toxic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic responses in exposed animals and in humans. in cultured cells, tcdd shows marked effects on the regulation of cell cycle progression, including thymocyte apoptosis, induction of keratinocyte proliferation and terminal differentiation, and inhibition of estrogen-dependent proliferation in breast cancer cells. the presence of an lx ... | 2000 | 10644764 |
| asparagine as a nitrogen source for improving the secretion of mouse alpha-amylase in saccharomyces cerevisiae protease a-deficient strains. | a modified chemically defined medium was achieved by using asparagine as a nitrogen source to increase the production of secreted mouse alpha-amylase in several saccharomyces cerevisiae protease a-deficient (pep4) strains. the specific productivity (quantity) and the 53 kda non-glycosylated active form (quality) of mouse salivary alpha-amylase in liquid medium containing asparagine was remarkably improved compared to media containing other nitrogen sources, including ammonium sulphate, glutamic ... | 2000 | 10649450 |
| expression and nuclear localization of blm, a chromosome stability protein mutated in bloom's syndrome, suggest a role in recombination during meiotic prophase. | bloom's syndrome (bs) is a recessive human genetic disorder characterized by short stature, immunodeficiency and elevated risk of malignancy. bs cells have genomic instability and an increased frequency of sister chromatid exchange. the gene mutated in bs, blm, encodes a 3'-5' helicase (blm) with homology to bacterial recombination factor, recq. human males homozygous for blm mutations are infertile and heterozygous individuals display increased frequencies of structural chromosome abnormalities ... | 2000 | 10652259 |
| ccr2 expression determines t1 versus t2 polarization during pulmonary cryptococcus neoformans infection. | pulmonary clearance of the encapsulated yeast cryptococcus neoformans requires the development of t1-type immunity. the objective of this study was to determine the role of ccr2 in leukocyte recruitment and development of t1-type cell-mediated immunity during pulmonary c. neoformans infection. intratracheal inoculation of c. neoformans into ccr2 knockout (ccr2-/-) mice produced a prolonged pulmonary infection (5000-fold cfu at 6 wk compared with ccr2+/+ mice) and significant dissemination to the ... | 2000 | 10657654 |
| a new zinc ribbon gene (znrd1) is cloned from the human mhc class i region. | eleven unique cdna fragments were identified from yac b30h3, which spans 330 kb in the human major histocompatibility complex class i region. one fragment (cat80) was mapped 80 kb telomeric to the hla-a locus. using this cdna fragment as probe, northern analysis reveals a ubiquitously expressed transcript of about 850 nt in all 16 tissues tested. based on the cdna fragment sequence, a full-length cdna of 858 bp that contains an open reading frame of 378 bp was cloned. within the putative polypep ... | 2000 | 10662553 |
| mouse a6/twinfilin is an actin monomer-binding protein that localizes to the regions of rapid actin dynamics. | in our database searches, we have identified mammalian homologues of yeast actin-binding protein, twinfilin. previous studies suggested that these mammalian proteins were tyrosine kinases, and therefore they were named a6 protein tyrosine kinase. in contrast to these earlier studies, we did not find any tyrosine kinase activity in our recombinant protein. however, biochemical analysis showed that mouse a6/twinfilin forms a complex with actin monomer and prevents actin filament assembly in vitro. ... | 2000 | 10669753 |
| identification of connexin-interacting proteins: application of the yeast two-hybrid screen. | protein-protein interactions are recognized as one of the fundamental mechanisms for relaying the intra- and intercellular signals that are required for normal cellular activities affecting growth, development, and maintenance of homeostasis in tissues and organs. the yeast two-hybrid screen has become a valuable tool for identifying protein-protein interactions. the gap junction protein connexin 43 (cx43) has been implicated in a number of biological processes including development and cellular ... | 2000 | 10671315 |
| molecular cloning of murine stap-1, the stem-cell-specific adaptor protein containing ph and sh2 domains. | to identify the novel substrate of c-kit which is important for hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal or differentiation, cd34-low/negative, sca-1-positive, c-kit-positive, and lineage marker-negative (cd34(low/-)sca-1(+)c-kit(+)lin(-)) cells were sorted by a fluorescence-activated cell sorter from mouse bone marrow cells and a yeast two-hybrid cdna library was constructed. by screening with c-kit as bait, we cloned a novel cdna, designed stap-1, encoding an adaptor protein with a pleckstrin homo ... | 2000 | 10679268 |
| identification of a brain specific protein that associates with a refsum disease gene product, phytanoyl-coa alpha-hydroxylase. | refsum disease is an autosomal recessive neurologic disorder of the lipid metabolism. major diagnostic clinical findings include retinitis pigmentosa, peripheral polyneuropathy, cerebellar ataxia, increased cerebrospinal fluid protein without pleocytosis, nerve deafness, and cardiac involvement. we have identified a novel protein (pahx-ap #1) associated with phytanoyl-coa alpha-hydroxylase (pahx), a refsum disease gene product, using the yeast-based two-hybrid assay. the middle portion (amino ac ... | 2000 | 10686344 |
| sequence-ready 1-mb yac, bac and cosmid contigs covering the distal imprinted region of mouse chromosome 7. | we have constructed approximately 1-mb contigs of yeast artificial chromosome (yac), bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) and cosmid clones covering the imprinted region in mouse chromosome band 7f4/f5. this region is syntenic to human chromosome 11p15.5, which is associated with beckwith-wiedemann syndrome (bws) and certain childhood and adult tumors. these contigs provide the basis for genomic sequencing, identification of genes and their regulatory elements, and functional studies in transge ... | 1999 | 10691133 |
| cloning of a mouse glucocorticoid modulatory element binding protein, a new member of the kdwk family. | a mouse cdna that encodes a nuclear dna binding protein was identified by yeast two-hybrid screening using the activation domain 2 of the nuclear receptor coactivator tif2 as a bait. blast analysis revealed that the identified cdna encodes a kdwk domain and contains sequences almost identical to three tryptic peptides of rat gmeb-1 which together with the gmeb-2 heterodimeric partner binds to the gme/cre sequence (glucocorticoid modulatory element) of the tyrosine aminotransferase (tat) promoter ... | 2000 | 10692587 |
| copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase is essential to activate mammalian cu/zn superoxide dismutase. | recent studies in saccharomyces cerevisiae suggest that the delivery of copper to cu/zn superoxide dismutase (sod1) is mediated by a cytosolic protein termed the copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (ccs). to determine the role of ccs in mammalian copper homeostasis, we generated mice with targeted disruption of ccs alleles (ccs(-/-) mice). although ccs(-/-) mice are viable and possess normal levels of sod1 protein, they reveal marked reductions in sod1 activity when compared with control l ... | 2000 | 10694572 |
| murine myak, a member of a family of yeast yak1-related genes, is highly expressed in hormonally modulated epithelia in the reproductive system and in the embryonic central nervous system. | we have cloned a mouse homologue (designated myak) of the yeast protein kinase yak1. the 1210 aa open reading frame contains a putative protein kinase domain, nuclear localization sequences and pest sequences. myak appears to be a member of a growing family of yak1-related genes that include drosophila and human minibrain as well as a recently identified rat gene anpk that encode a steroid hormone receptor interacting protein. rna blot analysis revealed that myak is expressed at low levels ubiqu ... | 2000 | 10694743 |
| expression of the human cftr gene from episomal orip-ebna1-yacs in mouse cells. | plasmids carrying the origin of plasmid replication ( orip ) and expressing the ebna-1 protein from the epstein-barr virus replicate and segregate in human cells and are thus potentially useful vectors for gene therapy. as very large circular molecules, up to 660 kb in size, can be maintained episomally using this system, it is possible to include intact human genes with all their long-range controlling elements which might give high levels of tissue-specific and controlled gene expression. we h ... | 2000 | 10699185 |