Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| novel mutants of nab corepressors enhance activation by egr transactivators. | the ngfi-a binding corepressors nab1 and nab2 interact with a conserved domain (r1 domain) within the egr1/ngfi-a and egr2/krox20 transactivators, and repress the transcription of egr target promoters. using a novel adaptation of the yeast two-hybrid screen, we have identified several point mutations in nab corepressors that interfere with their ability to bind to the egr1 r1 domain. surprisingly, nab proteins bearing some of these mutations increased egr1 activity dramatically. the mechanism un ... | 1998 | 9774344 |
| nitric oxide synthase expression in macrophages of histoplasma capsulatum-infected mice is associated with splenocyte apoptosis and unresponsiveness. | splenic macrophages from histoplasma capsulatum-infected mice express inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos), and the inos expression correlates with severity of the infection. we examined whether production of no is responsible for apoptosis and the anti-lymphoproliferative response of splenocytes from mice infected with h. capsulatum. in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick end labeling revealed apoptotic nuclei in cryosections of spleen from infected but not normal mice. splenocyte ... | 1998 | 9784566 |
| identification of a novel highly conserved gene in the centromeric part of the major histocompatibility complex. | a novel highly conserved gene designated sacm2l alias are1) has been identified and fine mapped in the centromeric part of the major histocompatibility complex in rat, human, and mouse. sacm2l is closely linked to the ribosomal protein s18 gene rps18 with a distance of about 450 bp between the respective translational start points. numerous sacm2l-homologous est sequences can be identified in the database. northern blot experiments of rat sacm2l revealed a transcript of 3 kb in each organ tested ... | 1998 | 9790748 |
| identification, chromosomal mapping and tissue-specific expression of hrev3 encoding a putative human dna polymerase zeta. | the saccharomyces cerevisiae rev3 gene encodes the catalytic subunit of a non-essential dna polymerase zeta, which is required for mutagenesis. the rev3 mutants significantly reduce both spontaneous and dna damage-induced mutation rates. we have identified human cdna clones from two different libraries whose deduced amino acid sequences bear remarkable homology to the yeast rev3, and named this gene hrev3. the hrev3 gene was mapped to chromosome 1p32-33 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. the ... | 1998 | 9635887 |
| adenovirus-mediated expression of a dominant negative mutant of p65/rela inhibits proinflammatory gene expression in endothelial cells without sensitizing to apoptosis. | we hypothesized that blocking the induction of proinflammatory genes associated with endothelial cell (ec) activation, by inhibiting the transcription factor nuclear factor kappab (nf-kappab), would prolong survival of vascularized xenografts. our previous studies have shown that inhibition of nf-kappab by adenovirus-mediated overexpression of i kappab alpha suppresses the induction of proinflammatory genes in ec. however, i kappab alpha sensitizes ec to tnf-alpha-mediated apoptosis, presumably ... | 1998 | 9794384 |
| interaction of p59fyn kinase with the dynein light chain, tctex-1, and colocalization during cytokinesis. | the protein tyrosine kinase p59fyn (fyn) plays important roles in both lymphocyte ag receptor signaling and cytokinesis of prob cells. we utilized yeast two-hybrid cloning to identify the product of the tctex-1 gene as a protein that specifically interacts with fyn, but not with other src family kinases. tctex-1 was recently identified as a component of the dynein cytoskeletal motor complex. the capacity of a tctex-1-glutathione s-transferase fusion protein to effectively bind fyn from cell lysa ... | 1998 | 9712037 |
| multiple gene duplication and expression of mouse bcl-2-related genes, a1. | here we report the genomic cloning and characterization of the murine a1 genes, which belong to the bcl-2 gene family. southern analysis indicated the existence of at least four a1 genes in the murine genome and four different a1 genes, designated a1-a, -b, -c and -d, were cloned from the murine genomic library. the a1-a, -b and -d genes consisted of two exons, whereas the a1-c gene contained 1 bp insertion in the coding region which may result in an aberrant and truncated protein by frame-shift ... | 1998 | 9645611 |
| reduced joining of dna double strand breaks with an abnormal mutation spectrum in rodent mutants of dna-pkcs and ku80. | to characterize further the contribution of the dna-pk-dependent dsb repair pathway in mammalian cells. | 1998 | 9652803 |
| functional reverse transcriptases encoded by a-type mouse line-1: defining the minimal domain by deletion analysis. | long interspersed elements, or lines, are retrotransposons that move via an rna intermediate. in mice, one polymorphic variant of l1 has amplified relatively recently, giving rise to the a-type subfamily in species belonging to the genus and subgenus mus. retrotransposition of line-1 (l1) requires the function of the l1-encoded reverse transcriptase that is produced from open reading frame 2 (orf2). here, we employ a convenient yeast genetic assay to determine the reverse transcriptase activity ... | 1998 | 9666081 |
| association of hsp105 with hsc70 in high molecular mass complexes in mouse fm3a cells. | the 105-kda stress proteins hsp105alpha and hsp105beta belong to a high molecular mass heat shock protein family which has been found in organisms from yeast to mammals. here we demonstrated the interaction of hsp105 with hsp70 family proteins in mouse fm3a cells. the association of hsp105 with hsc70 was shown by immunoprecipitation using anti-hsp105 antibody. furthermore, when cell extracts or partially purified hsp105 fractions from nonstressed or heat-shocked cells were analyzed by size exclu ... | 1998 | 9675148 |
| recently identified molecular aspects of intestinal iron absorption. | gene mapping techniques to identify gene mutations in humans and animals with phenotypic abnormalities in iron metabolism are providing important insights into the probable molecular mediators of intestinal iron absorption. positional gene cloning in humans with hereditary hemochromatosis has identified a mutation in a novel major histocompatibility complex (mhc) gene called hfe that is likely to be involved in regulating intestinal iron absorption. in addition, recent observations based on posi ... | 1998 | 9808632 |
| nopp140 functions as a molecular link between the nucleolus and the coiled bodies. | coiled bodies are small nuclear organelles that are highly enriched in small nuclear rnas, and that have long been thought to be associated with the nucleolus. here we use mutational analysis, transient transfections, and the yeast two-hybrid system to show that the nucleolar phosphoprotein nopp140 functions as a molecular link between the two prominent nuclear organelles. exogenous nopp140 accumulated in the nucleolus rapidly, but only after a lag phase in coiled bodies, suggesting a pathway be ... | 1998 | 9679133 |
| when overexpressed, a novel centrosomal protein, ranbpm, causes ectopic microtubule nucleation similar to gamma-tubulin. | a novel human protein with a molecular mass of 55 kd, designated ranbpm, was isolated with the two-hybrid method using ran as a bait. mouse and hamster ranbpm possessed a polypeptide identical to the human one. furthermore, saccharomyces cerevisiae was found to have a gene, ygl227w, the cooh-terminal half of which is 30% identical to ranbpm. anti-ranbpm antibodies revealed that ranbpm was localized within the centrosome throughout the cell cycle. overexpression of ranbpm produced multiple spots ... | 1998 | 9817760 |
| multiple functions of pmt1p-mediated protein o-mannosylation in the fungal pathogen candida albicans. | protein mannosylation by pmt proteins initiates o-glycosylation in fungi. we have identified the pmt1 gene and analyzed the function of pmt1p in the fungal human pathogen candida albicans. mutants defective in pmt1 alleles lacked pmt in vitro enzymatic activity, showed reduced growth rates, and tended to form cellular aggregates. in addition, multiple specific deficiencies not known in saccharomyces cerevisiae (including defective hyphal morphogenesis; supersensitivity to the antifungal agents h ... | 1998 | 9694829 |
| human carbon catabolite repressor protein (ccr4)-associative factor 1: cloning, expression and characterization of its interaction with the b-cell translocation protein btg1. | the human btg1 protein is thought to be a potential tumour suppressor because its overexpression inhibits nih 3t3 cell proliferation. however, little is known about how btg1 exerts its anti-proliferative activity. in this study, we used the yeast 'two-hybrid' system to screen for interacting protein partners and identified human carbon catabolite repressor protein (ccr4)-associative factor 1 (hcaf-1), a homologue of mouse caf-1 (mcaf-1) and saccharomyces cerevisiae ycaf-1/pop2. in vitro the hcaf ... | 1998 | 9820826 |
| recognition specificity of individual eh domains of mammals and yeast. | the eps homology (eh) domain is a recently described protein binding module that is found, in multiple or single copies, in several proteins in species as diverse as human and yeast. in this work, we have investigated the molecular details of recognition specificity mediated by this domain family by characterizing the peptide-binding preference of 11 different eh domains from mammal and yeast proteins. ten of the eleven eh domains could bind at least some peptides containing an asn-pro-phe (npf) ... | 1998 | 9822599 |
| cells deleted for brca2 cooh terminus exhibit hypersensitivity to gamma-radiation and premature senescence. | the putative brca2-mmrad51 interaction is analyzed in mouse cells deleted for the cooh terminus of brca2 (amino acids 3140-3328), which contains a region that associates with mmrad51 by yeast two-hybrid. these cells are hypersensitive to gamma-radiation (suggesting defective recombinational repair) but not uv light (suggesting intact nucleotide excision repair) and maintain the g1-s and g2-m checkpoints after exposure to gamma-irradiation. cells deleted for the cooh terminus of brca2 progress th ... | 1998 | 9699678 |
| a functional homolog of a yeast trna splicing enzyme is conserved in higher eukaryotes and in escherichia coli. | trna splicing in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae requires an endonuclease to excise the intron, trna ligase to join the trna half-molecules, and 2'-phosphotransferase to transfer the splice junction 2'-phosphate from ligated trna to nad, producing adp ribose 1"-2" cyclic phosphate (appr>p). we show here that functional 2'-phosphotransferases are found throughout eukaryotes, occurring in two widely divergent yeasts (candida albicans and schizosaccharomyces pombe), a plant (arabidopsis thaliana ... | 1998 | 9826666 |
| analysis of repair and mutagenesis of chromium-induced dna damage in yeast, mammalian cells, and transgenic mice. | chromium (cr) is a widespread environmental contaminant and a known human carcinogen. we have used shuttle vector systems in yeast, mammalian cells, and transgenic mice to characterize the mutational specificity and premutational dna damage induced by cr(vi) and its reduction intermediates in order to elucidate the mechanism by which cr induces mutations. in the yeast system, treatment of vector-containing cells with cr(vi) results in a dose-dependent increase in mutations in the sup4-o target g ... | 1998 | 9703488 |
| hira, a mammalian homologue of saccharomyces cerevisiae transcriptional co-repressors, interacts with pax3. | hira maps to the digeorge/velocardiofacial syndrome critical region (dgcr) at 22q11 (refs 1,2) and encodes a wd40 repeat protein similar to yeast hir1p and hir2p. these transcriptional co-repressors regulate cell cycle-dependent histone gene transcription, possibly by remodelling local chromatin structure. we report an interaction between hira and the transcription factor pax3. pax3 haploinsufficiency results in the mouse splotch and human waardenburg syndrome (wsi and wsiii) phenotypes. mice ho ... | 1998 | 9731536 |
| the a gamma-globin 3' element provides no unique function(s) for human beta-globin locus gene regulation. | the human beta-globin locus is activated transcriptionally by a complex series of events that culminate in appropriate temporal and tissue-specific control over five separate genes during embryonic and early postnatal development. one cis-regulatory element in the locus, originally identified as an enhancer 3' to the agamma-globin gene, more recently has been suggested to harbor alternative or additional properties, including stage-specific silencer, insulator, nuclear matrix, or chromosome scaf ... | 1998 | 9707580 |
| anthrax lethal factor cleaves the n-terminus of mapkks and induces tyrosine/threonine phosphorylation of mapks in cultured macrophages. | lethal factor (lf) is the major virulence factor produced by bacillus anthracis. lf is sufficient to cause death in laboratory animals and cytolysis of peritoneal macrophages and macrophage cell lines. lf contains the characteristic zinc binding motif of metalloproteases and indirect evidence suggest that this hydrolytic activity is essential for its cytotoxicity. to identify the substrate(s) of lf, we have used the yeast two-hybrid system, employing a lf inactive mutant as bait. this approach h ... | 1998 | 9703991 |
| a 29-kilodalton golgi soluble n-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (vti1-rp2) implicated in protein trafficking in the secretory pathway. | expressed sequence tags coding for a potential snare (soluble n-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) were revealed during data base searches. the deduced amino acid sequence of the complete coding region predicts a 217-residue protein with a cooh-terminal hydrophobic membrane anchor. affinity-purified antibodies raised against the cytoplasmic region of this protein specifically detect a 29-kilodalton integral membrane protein enriched in the golgi membrane. indirect immun ... | 1998 | 9705316 |
| species identification and virulence attributes of saccharomyces boulardii (nom. inval.). | saccharomyces boulardii (nom. inval.) has been used for the treatment of several types of diarrhea. recent studies have confirmed that s. boulardii is effective in the treatment of diarrhea, in particular chronic or recurrent diarrhea, and furthermore that it is a safe and well-tolerated treatment. the aim of the present study was to identify strains of s. boulardii to the species level and assess their virulence in established murine models. three strains of s. boulardii were obtained from comm ... | 1998 | 9705402 |
| infrequent mutations of the hogg1 gene, that is involved in the excision of 8-hydroxyguanine in damaged dna, in human gastric cancer. | dna glycosylase, encoded by the hogg1 gene, repairs 8-hydroxyguanine (oh8gua), which is an oxidatively damaged mutagenic base. to clarify whether the dna repair activity of hogg1 protein is involved in gastric carcinogenesis, we examined 9 gastric cancer cell lines and 35 primary gastric cancers for mutations and genetic polymorphisms of the hogg1 gene by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis. a g-to-a transition was detected in a gastric cancer cell line, mk ... | 1998 | 9765618 |
| the mouse genome contains two expressed intronless retroposed pseudogenes for the sentrin/sumo-1/pic1 conjugating enzyme ubc9. | the ubiquitin conjugating (ubc) e2 enzyme ubc-9 conjugates the ubiquitin-like peptide sentrin/sumo-1/pic1 to target proteins which include the fas antigen. we show that the mouse genome contains four copies of the ubc-9 gene. these include a structural ubc-9 gene consisting of seven exons which encode a protein identical to human ubc-9, and three intronless processed pseudogenes. the open reading frames (orf) of two of the pseudogenes, ubc9-psi1 and ubc9-psi2, correspond to the cdna of ubc-9 and ... | 1998 | 10068040 |
| expression and regulation of mrna for putative fatty acid transport related proteins and fatty acyl coa synthase in murine epidermis and cultured human keratinocytes. | the epidermis has a requirement for fatty acids in order to synthesize cellular membranes and the extracellular lipid lamellar membranes in the stratum corneum. despite high endogenous production of fatty acids the transport of exogenous essential fatty acids into the epidermis is an absolute requirement. fatty acid uptake by keratinocytes has been shown to be mediated by a transport system. in this study we determined in murine epidermis and human cultured keratinocytes the expression of three ... | 1998 | 9804328 |
| high-resolution genetic, physical, and transcript map of the mnd2 region of mouse chromosome 6. | the autosomal recessive mutation mnd2 is responsible for a lethal neuromuscular wasting disorder in the mouse. a high-resolution genetic map of the mnd2 region of mouse chromosome 6 was generated by analysis of 1147 f2 offspring from an intersubspecific cross between strains c57bl/6j-mnd2/+ and cast/ei. the results localize mnd2 to the 0.2-cm interval between d6mit164 and d6mit128. a contig of overlapping yac, bac, and p1 clones spanning the nonrecombinant interval was constructed. one novel gen ... | 1998 | 9806835 |
| protein kinase profile of sperm and eggs: cloning and characterization of two novel testis-specific protein kinases (aie1, aie2) related to yeast and fly chromosome segregation regulators. | we have analyzed the general protein kinase expression profile in mouse sperm and eggs. a total of 41 different kinases were identified. in this study, we describe two novel protein kinases, designated aie1 (mouse) and aie2 (human), which share high amino acid identities with the serine/threonine (s/t) kinase domain of yeast ip11, fly aurora, and frog eg2. mutations in ip11 and aurora have been reported to cause abnormal chromosome segregation and centrosome separation. both aie1 and aie2 contai ... | 1998 | 9809744 |
| excision repair of 8-hydroxyguanine in mammalian cells: the mouse ogg1 protein as a model. | 8-hydroxyguanine (8-oh-gua) is a major mutagenic lesion produced on dna by the oxidative stress induced by either the endogen metabolism or the exposure to external agents. in bacteria and yeast this modified base can be removed by specific dna glycosylases. recently a human gene coding for an 8-oh-gua dna glycosylase/ap lyase has been identified by its homology to the yeast ogg1. this gene is located in human chromosome 3p25, a region commonly rearranged in various cancers, specially in lung tu ... | 1998 | 10098454 |
| genomic organization of a 225-kb region in xq28 containing the gene for x-linked myotubular myopathy (mtm1) and a related gene (mtmr1). | mtm1 is responsible for x-linked recessive myotubular myopathy, which is a congenital muscle disorder linked to xq28. mtm1 is highly conserved from yeast to humans. a number of related genes also exist. the mtm1 gene family contains a consensus sequence consisting of the active enzyme site of protein tyrosine phosphatases (ptps), suggesting that they belong to a new family of ptps. database searches revealed homology of myotubularin and all related peptides to the cisplatin resistance-associated ... | 1998 | 9828128 |
| regulation of insulin-stimulated glut4 translocation by munc18c in 3t3l1 adipocytes. | insulin stimulates glucose transporter (glut) 4 vesicle translocation from intracellular storage sites to the plasma membrane in 3t3l1 adipocytes through a vamp2- and syntaxin 4-dependent mechanism. we have observed that munc18c, a mammalian homolog of the yeast syntaxin-binding protein n-sec1p, competed for the binding of vamp2 to syntaxin 4. consistent with an inhibitory function for munc18c, expression of munc18c, but not the related munc18b isoform, prevented the insulin stimulation of glut4 ... | 1998 | 9837979 |
| interaction of bp180 (type xvii collagen) and alpha6 integrin is necessary for stabilization of hemidesmosome structure. | the hemidesmosome is a multimolecular complex that integrates the extracellular matrix with the keratin cytoskeleton and that stabilizes epithelial attachment to connective tissue. a 180 kda protein (bp180, type xvii collagen), first identified by its reactivity with autoantibodies in the serum of patients with a blistering skin disease called bullous pemphigoid (bp), is a transmembrane component of the hemidesmosome with a collagen-like extracellular domain. here, using recombinantly expressed ... | 1998 | 9856810 |
| differentially expressed genes in c6.9 glioma cells during vitamin d-induced cell death program. | c6.9 rat glioma cells undergo a cell death program when exposed to 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 (1,25-d3). as a global analytical approach, we have investigated gene expression in c6.9 engaged in this cell death program using differential screening of a rat brain cdna library with probes derived from control and 1,25-d3-treated cells. using this methodology we report the isolation of 61 differentially expressed cdnas. forty-seven cdnas correspond to genes already characterized in rat cells or tissu ... | 1998 | 10200452 |
| identification of strap, a novel wd domain protein in transforming growth factor-beta signaling. | transforming growth factor-beta1 (tgf-beta1) is the prototype of a large family of proteins that regulate a variety of biological processes. the pleiotropic responses to tgf-beta are mediated via ligand-induced heteromeric complex formation by type i (tbetar-i) and type ii (tbetar-ii) serine-threonine kinase receptors. several studies have shown that tbetar-ii acts as a primary receptor, binding tgf-beta and phosphorylating tbetar-i, whose kinase activity then propagates the signals. therefore, ... | 1998 | 9856985 |
| tumor specific boosting of il-2 induced nk activation by paraformaldehyde fixed tumor cells. | nk activation in c57b1/6 mouse spleen cells was carried out with il-2 in the presence or absence of paraformaldehyde fixed yac tumor cells. generation of anti-yac cytolytic activity was markedly higher when activation was carried out in the presence of fixed tumor cells. in addition the cytotoxic effector cells generated were resistant to anti-thy-1 + c treatment, indicating that the effector cells were not t lymphocytes. il-2 activation of nk cells was compared when fixed yac or el4 tumor cells ... | 1998 | 9840684 |
| assignment of galgt encoding beta-1, 4n-acetylgalactosaminyl-transferase (galnac-t) and kif5a encoding neuronal kinesin (d12s1889) to human chromosome band 12q13 by assignment to ici yac 26eg10 and in situ hybridization. medjph@stjames.leeds.ac.uk. | 1998 | 9858832 | |
| partial rescue of gata-3 by yeast artificial chromosome transgenes. | gata-3 is essential for murine embryonic development, but elucidating the genetic controls over the complex temporal and tissue-specific transcriptional regulatory pattern of this transcription factor gene has been problematic. here we report the isolation and characterization of two yeast artificial chromosomes (yacs) bearing the murine gata-3 gene. ordered deletions of both yacs show that they define a 1-megabase pair contig spanning the gata-3 locus. we found that a 120-kb yac transgene, incl ... | 1998 | 9882482 |
| characterization of mouse ubiquitin-like smt3a and smt3b cdnas and gene/pseudogenes. | mouse smt3a and smt3b cdnas encoding ubiquitin-like proteins of 110 and 95 amino acids, respectively, were isolated and sequenced. the sequence of the first 92 amino acids (ending with the conserved gly-gly) of mouse smt3a exhibited two differences at amino acid no. 38 and 76 in comparison with that of human smt3a. the c-terminal 18 amino acid sequence of mouse smt3a was completely different from the c-terminal 11 amino acid sequence of human smt3a. mouse and human smt3b were identical for a seq ... | 1998 | 9891849 |
| yac transgenic analysis reveals wilms' tumour 1 gene activity in the proliferating coelomic epithelium, developing diaphragm and limb. | wilms' tumour 1 gene (wt1) is required for the correct development of the urogenital system. to examine its regulation and expression, we created several transgenic mouse lines containing a beta-galactosidase reporter driven by the human wt1 promoter. a 5 kb promoter weakly recapitulated a subset of the endogenous wt1 expression pattern. in contrast, 470 and 280 kb yac transgenes reproduced the correct pattern with high activity and highlighted new expression sites. wt1 is expressed in the septu ... | 1998 | 10349631 |
| loss of heterozygosity at the dilute-short ear (myo5a-bmp5) region of the mouse: mitotic recombination or double non-disjunction? | the occurrence of homozygous-viable dilute-short ear (myo5a-bmp5) double mutants in mouse specific locus mutation experiments has generally been assumed to be the result of double non-disjunction such that the mutant inherits two copies of chromosome 9 carrying the recessive alleles from the test-stock. a homozygous viable myo5a-bmp5 double mutant was recovered recently in our laboratory. we were able to genetically analyse both the myo5a-bmp5 region and proximal and distal markers in the origin ... | 1998 | 10036975 |
| genetic and physical mapping of the lps locus: identification of the toll-4 receptor as a candidate gene in the critical region. | on the basis of 2093 meioses analyzed in two separate intraspecific backcrosses, the location of the mouse lpsd mutation was circumscribed to a genetic interval 0.9 cm in size. a total of 19 genetic markers that lie in close proximity to the mutation were examined in mapping. most of these were previously unpublished polymorphic microsatellites, identified by fragmentation of yac and bac clones spanning the region of interest. lpsd was found to be inseparable from the microsatellite marker d4mit ... | 1998 | 10087992 |
| repression by the mad(mxi1)-sin3 complex. | the functions of myc in transformation and transactivation are countered by the suppressive actions of the mad(mxi1) family. mad(mxi1) proteins not only compete with myc for dimerization to max and binding to myc/max consensus sites but also recruit powerful repressors of gene expression. a prediction of the yin-yang relationship between myc and mad(mxi1) families would be that the latter constitutes a new class of tumor suppressors. here, we review the current literature on the mad(mxi1) family ... | 1998 | 9819568 |
| rescue of the embryonic lethal hematopoietic defect reveals a critical role for gata-2 in urogenital development. | mutations resulting in embryonic or early postnatal lethality could mask the activities of any gene in unrelated and temporally distinct developmental pathways. targeted inactivation of the transcription factor gata-2 gene leads to mid-gestational death as a consequence of hematopoietic failure. we show here that a 250 kbp gata-2 yeast artificial chromosome (yac) is expressed strongly in both the primitive and definitive hematopoietic compartments, while two smaller yacs are not. this largest ya ... | 1998 | 9822612 |
| rna surveillance. unforeseen consequences for gene expression, inherited genetic disorders and cancer. | messenger rnas are monitored for errors that arise during gene expression by a mechanism called rna surveillance, with the result that most mrnas that cannot be translated along their full length are rapidly degraded. this ensures that truncated proteins are seldom made, reducing the accumulation of rogue proteins that might be deleterious. the pathway leading to accelerated mrna decay is referred to as nonsense-mediated mrna decay (nmd). the proteins that catalyze steps in nmd in yeast serve tw ... | 1999 | 10098411 |
| tpr1, a schizosaccharomyces pombe protein involved in potassium transport. | the schizosaccharomyces pombe tpr1 was isolated as suppressor of the saccharomyces cerevisiae delta trk1,2 potassium uptake deficient phenotype. tpr1, for tetratrico peptide repeat, encodes a 1039 amino acid residues protein with several reiterated tpr units displaying significant homology to p150(tsp), a recently identified phosphoprotein of mouse, to s. cerevisiae ctr9 and to related sequences of human, caenorhabditis elegans, methanoccocus jannaschii and arabidopsis thaliana. expression of tp ... | 1999 | 10471809 |
| hiv-1 tat transcriptional activity is regulated by acetylation. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) trans- activator protein, tat, stimulates transcription from the viral long-terminal repeats (ltr) through an rna hairpin element, trans-activation responsive region (tar). we and others have shown that trans-activator protein (tat)-associated histone acetyltransferases (tahs), p300 and p300/cbp-associating factor (pcaf), assist functionally in the activation of chromosomally integrated hiv-1 ltr. here, we show that p300 and pcaf also directly acetylate tat ... | 1999 | 10545121 |
| chromosomal localization of phospholipase a2 activating protein, an ets2 target gene, to 9p21. | a murine ets2 target gene isolated by differential display cloning was identified as the phospholipase a2 activating protein (plaa) gene. a 2.7-kb human cdna demonstrating high homology to mouse and rat plaa genes was then isolated and characterized. human plaa contains six wd-40 repeat motifs and three different protein kinase consensus domains. fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) mapping placed plaa on chromosome 9p21, a region frequently deleted in various cancers. a comprehensive mappi ... | 1999 | 10644453 |
| rad51 and dmc1 form mixed complexes associated with mouse meiotic chromosome cores and synaptonemal complexes. | the eukaryotic reca homologues rad51 and dmc1 function in homology recognition and formation of joint-molecule recombination intermediates during yeast meiosis. the precise immunolocalization of these two proteins on the meiotic chromosomes of plants and animals has been complicated by their high degree of identity at the amino acid level. with antibodies that have been immunodepleted of cross-reactive epitopes, we demonstrate that rad51 and dmc1 have identical distribution patterns in extracts ... | 1999 | 10525529 |
| expression and secretion of a biologically active mouse sonic hedgehog protein by the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. | we have successfully secreted the amino-terminal functional domain of mouse sonic hedgehog protein (shh) into culture fluid using a yeast pichia pastoris expression system. a cdna fragment encoding the amino-terminal domain of mouse shh was inserted downstream of the saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-mating factor secretion signal. the dna fragment was introduced into the host genome by the spheroplast transformation method. transformants were selected based on their resistance to g418: his+ transf ... | 1999 | 10531654 |
| a yeast screen system for aromatase inhibitors and ligands for androgen receptor: yeast cells transformed with aromatase and androgen receptor. | endocrine disruptors are hormone mimics that modify hormonal action in humans and animals. it is thought that some endocrine disruptors modify estrogen and androgen action in humans and animals by suppressing aromatase activity. aromatase cytochrome p450 is the key enzyme that converts c19 androgens to aromatic c18 estrogenic steroids. we have developed a novel aromatase inhibitor screening method that allows us to identify antiaromatase activity of various environmental chemicals. the screen wa ... | 1999 | 10544151 |
| mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins (2). amino acid sequencing, characterization, and identification of corresponding gene sequences. | four different classes of mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins were identified and characterized. mature proteins were purified from bovine liver and subjected to n-terminal or matrix-assisted laser-desorption mass spectroscopic amino acid sequencing after tryptic in-gel digestion and high pressure liquid chromatography separation of the resulting peptides. peptide sequences obtained were used to virtually screen expressed sequence tag data bases from human, mouse, and rat. consensus cdnas ... | 1999 | 10593885 |
| effect of int1 gene on candida albicans murine intestinal colonization. | increased intestinal colonization with candida albicans is believed to be a major factor predisposing immunocompromised and postsurgical patients to systemic candidiasis, although the mechanisms facilitating c. albicans colonization remain unclear. because previous studies have linked the c. albicans int1 gene to filament formation, epithelial adherence, and mouse virulence, experiments were designed to evaluate the effect of int1 on intestinal colonization. | 1999 | 10600356 |
| genomic organization and mapping of the human and mouse neuronal beta2-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes. | as a first step in determining whether there are polymorphisms in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr) genes that are associated with nicotine addiction, we isolated genomic clones of the beta2-nachr genes from human and mouse bac libraries. although cdna sequences were available for the human gene, only the promoter sequence had been reported for the mouse gene. we determined the genomic structures by sequencing 12 kb of the human gene and over 7 kb of the mouse gene. while the sizes of ... | 1999 | 10441742 |
| a novel interaction of cgmp-dependent protein kinase i with troponin t. | cgmp-dependent protein kinase (cgk) is a major intracellular receptor of cgmp and is implicated in several signal transduction pathways. to identify proteins that participate in the cgmp/cgk signaling pathway, we employed the yeast two-hybrid system with cgk ialpha as bait. cdnas encoding slow skeletal troponin t (sktnt) were isolated from both mouse embryo and human skeletal muscle cdna libraries. the sktnt protein interacted with cgk ibeta but not with cgk ii nor camp-dependent protein kinase. ... | 1999 | 10601315 |
| a novel regulator of g protein signalling in yeast, rgs2, downregulates glucose-activation of the camp pathway through direct inhibition of gpa2. | we have characterized a novel member of the recently identified family of regulators of heterotrimeric g protein signalling (rgs) in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. the yor107w/rgs2 gene was isolated as a multi-copy suppressor of glucose-induced loss of heat resistance in stationary phase cells. the n-terminal half of the rgs2 protein consists of a typical rgs domain. deletion and overexpression of rgs2, respectively, enhances and reduces glucose-induced accumulation of camp. overexpression ... | 1999 | 10523302 |
| the nucleocapsid protein of coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus interacts with the cellular heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein a1 in vitro and in vivo. | the nucleocapsid (n) protein of mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) and the cellular heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein a1 (hnrnp-a1) are rna-binding proteins, binding to the leader rna and the intergenic sequence of mhv negative-strand template rnas, respectively. previous studies have suggested a role for both n and hnrnp-a1 proteins in mhv rna synthesis. however, it is not known whether the two proteins can interact with each other. here we employed a series of methods to determine their interac ... | 1999 | 10603321 |
| each mammalian mitochondrial outer membrane porin protein is dispensable: effects on cellular respiration. | voltage-dependent anion channels (vdacs, also known as mitochondrial porins) are small pore-forming proteins of the mitochondrial outer membrane found in all eukaryotes. mammals harbor three distinct vdac isoforms, with each protein sharing 65-70% sequence identity. deletion of the yeast vdac1 gene leads to conditional lethality that can be partially or completely complemented by the mammalian vdac genes. in vitro, vdacs conduct a variety of small metabolites and in vivo they serve as a binding ... | 1999 | 10525161 |
| fiz1, a novel zinc finger protein interacting with the receptor tyrosine kinase flt3. | the receptor tyrosine kinase flt3 has been shown to play a role in proliferation and survival of hematopoietic progenitor cells as well as differentiation of early b lymphoid progenitors. however, the signaling events that control growth or differentiation are not completely understood. in order to identify new signaling molecules interacting with the cytoplasmic domain of flt3, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen. in addition to several sh2 domain-containing proteins, we have isolated a nove ... | 1999 | 10409713 |
| allelic loss mapping and physical delineation of a region harboring a putative thymic lymphoma suppressor gene on mouse chromosome 12. | our previous allelic loss analysis of gamma-ray induced thymic lymphomas in f1 hybrid and backcross mice between balb/c and msm strains mapped the tlsr4 region exhibiting a high frequency of allelic loss (62%) to a 2.9 cm interval between the markers d12mit53 and d12mit279 on mouse chromosome 12. to narrow further the interval harboring a putative tumor suppressor gene, a high-density scan has been carried out for informative 361 thymic lymphomas. construction of a physical map of tlsr4 with 3 y ... | 1999 | 10435594 |
| biochemical characterization and expression analysis of neural thrombospondin-1-like proteins nell1 and nell2. | two closely related genes coding for nell proteins (nell1 and nell2) have been cloned by the yeast two-hybrid screening of a rat brain cdna library with the regulatory domain of protein kinase c betai (pkcbetai) as bait. the rat nell proteins show about 55% identity with each other and contain several protein motifs assigned to a secretion signal peptide, an nh(2)-terminal thrombospondin-1 (tsp-1)-like module, five von willebrand factor c domains, and six epidermal growth factor-like domains; th ... | 1999 | 10548494 |
| the zinc finger protein a20 interacts with a novel anti-apoptotic protein which is cleaved by specific caspases. | a20 is a cys2/cys2 zinc finger protein which is induced by a variety of inflammatory stimuli and which has been characterized as an inhibitor of cell death by a yet unknown mechanism. in order to clarify its molecular mechanism of action, we used the yeast two-hybrid system to screen for proteins that interact with a20. a cdna fragment was isolated which encoded a portion of a novel protein (txbp151), which was recently found to be a human t-cell leukemia virus type-i (htlv-i) tax-binding protei ... | 1999 | 10435631 |
| identification and characterization of the mouse muts homolog 5: msh5. | we have identified and characterized the complete cdna and gene for the mouse muts homolog 5 (msh5), as a step toward understanding the molecular genetic mechanisms involved in the biological function of this new muts homologous protein in mammals. the msh5 cdna contains a 2502-bp open reading frame (orf) that encodes an 833-amino acid protein with a predicted molecular weight of 92.6 kda, which shares 89.8% amino acid sequence identity with the human hmsh5 protein. northern blot analysis demons ... | 1999 | 10556423 |
| the mammalian hsf4 gene generates both an activator and a repressor of heat shock genes by alternative splicing. | the expression of heat shock genes is controlled at the level of transcription by members of the heat shock transcription factor family in vertebrates. hsf4 is a mammalian factor characterized by its lack of a suppression domain that modulates formation of dna-binding homotrimer. here, we have determined the exon structure of the human hsf4 gene and identified a major new isoform, hsf4b, derived by alternative rna splicing events, in addition to a previously reported hsf4a isoform. in mouse tiss ... | 1999 | 10488131 |
| toxicological assessment of recombinant xylanase x(22) in wine. | toxicological evaluation of xylanase x(22) from aspergillus nidulans expressed in a wine yeast strain was carried out. the safety of the x(22) intake was assessed by digestibility, bioinformatic, and mouse short-term repeated dosing studies, although x(22) shows resistance to proteolytic degradation in the gastrointestinal system, is a minority protein component (<0.5 10(-)(6) %) of the produced wine, and shows no significant amino acid sequence homology to any known food allergens. the 4-week o ... | 1999 | 10564023 |
| random chromosome segregation without meiotic arrest in both male and female meiocytes of a dmc1 mutant of arabidopsis. | in yeast, the dmc1 gene is required for interhomolog recombination, which is an essential step for bivalent formation and the correct partition of chromosomes during meiosis i. by using a reverse genetics approach, we were able to identify a t-dna insertion in atdmc1, the arabidopsis homolog of dmc1. homozygotes for the atdmc1 insertion failed to express atdmc1, and their residual fertility was 1.5% that of the wild type. complete fertility was restored in mutant plants when a wild-type copy of ... | 1999 | 10488231 |
| regulation of apc activity by phosphorylation and regulatory factors. | ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of cut2/pds1 and cyclin b is required for sister chromatid separation and exit from mitosis, respectively. anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (apc) specifically ubiquitinates cut2/pds1 at metaphase-anaphase transition, and ubiquitinates cyclin b in late mitosis and g1 phase. however, the exact regulatory mechanism of substrate-specific activation of mammalian apc with the right timing remains to be elucidated. we found that not only the binding of the activators ... | 1999 | 10459014 |
| suppression of microphthalmia transcriptional activity by its association with protein kinase c-interacting protein 1 in mast cells. | microphthalmia (mi) is a transcription factor that plays a major role in the regulation of growth and function in mast cells and melanocytes. association of mi with other proteins is a critical step in the regulation of mi-mediated transcriptional activation. we found protein kinase c-interacting protein 1 (pkci) specifically associated with mi in yeast two-hybrid screening. immunoprecipitation of mi from quiescent rat basophilic leukemic cells or mouse melanocytes resulted in the specific co-im ... | 1999 | 10567402 |
| coactivators for the orphan nuclear receptor roralpha. | a mutation in the nuclear orphan receptor roralpha results in a severe impairment of cerebellar development by unknown mechanisms. we have shown previously that roralpha contains a strong constitutive activation domain in its c terminus. we therefore searched for mammalian roralpha coactivators using the minimal activation domain as bait in a two-hybrid screen. several known and putative coactivators were isolated, including glucocorticoid receptor-interacting protein-1 (grip-1) and peroxisome p ... | 1999 | 10478845 |
| ubiquitous expression and embryonic requirement for rna polymerase ii coactivator subunit srb7 in mice. | mammalian rna polymerase ii complexes and coactivators containing homologs of yeast srb/med proteins have been isolated recently from tissue culture cells. the yeast srb/med complex is involved in global gene expression and is essential, but it is not yet known if its mammalian counterparts are broadly expressed in tissues or if they are essential. we have isolated the murine gene encoding srb7, an srb/med complex protein whose sequence and function is highly conserved between yeast and humans. ... | 1999 | 10500093 |
| neural restrictive silencer factor recruits msin3 and histone deacetylase complex to repress neuron-specific target genes. | accumulative evidence suggests that more than 20 neuron-specific genes are regulated by a transcriptional cis-regulatory element known as the neural restrictive silencer (nrs). a trans-acting repressor that binds the nrs, nrsf [also designated re1-silencing transcription factor (rest)] has been cloned, but the mechanism by which it represses transcription is unknown. here we show evidence that nrsf represses transcription of its target genes by recruiting msin3 and histone deacetylase. transfect ... | 1999 | 10570134 |
| in silico detection of control signals: mrna 3'-end-processing sequences in diverse species. | we have investigated mrna 3'-end-processing signals in each of six eukaryotic species (yeast, rice, arabidopsis, fruitfly, mouse, and human) through the analysis of more than 20,000 3'-expressed sequence tags. the use and conservation of the canonical aauaaa element vary widely among the six species and are especially weak in plants and yeast. even in the animal species, the aauaaa signal does not appear to be as universal as indicated by previous studies. the abundance of single-base variants o ... | 1999 | 10570197 |
| sequence analysis of sla2 of the dimorphic yeasts candida albicans and yarrowia lipolytica. | we report the complete nucleotide sequence of sla2 of the dimorphic yeasts candida albicans and yarrowia lipolytica. in saccharomyces cerevisiae, sla2 codes for an actin binding protein. the deduced amino acid (aa) sequences of c. albicans casla2p and y. lipolytica ylsla2p consist of 1063 and 1054 aa, respectively. the alignment of the deduced proteins of saccharomyces cerevisiae, y. lipolytica and c. albicans shows regions of identity in the n-terminal part of the proteins, which are essential ... | 1999 | 10514569 |
| heme oxygenase: recent advances in understanding its regulation and role. | heme oxygenase (ho) is responsible for the physiological breakdown of heme into equimolar amounts of biliverdin, carbon monoxide, and iron. three isoforms (ho-1, ho-2, and ho-3) have been identified. ho-1 is ubiquitous and its mrna and activity can be increased several-fold by heme, other metalloporphyrins, transition metals, and stimuli that induce cellular stress. ho-1 is recognized as a major heat shock/stress response protein. recent work from our laboratory has demonstrated several potentia ... | 1999 | 10519165 |
| mutations in npc1 highlight a conserved npc1-specific cysteine-rich domain. | niemann-pick type ii disease is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a defect in intracellular trafficking of sterols. we have determined the intron/exon boundaries of eight exons from the conserved 3' portion of npc1, the gene associated with most cases of the disease. sscp analyses were designed for these exons and were used to identify the majority of mutations in 13 apparently unrelated families. thirteen mutations were found, accounting for 19 of the 26 alleles. these mutations ... | 1999 | 10521290 |
| presence of telomeric g-strand tails in the telomerase catalytic subunit tert knockout mice. | telomerase consists of two essential subunits, the template rna (tr; telomerase rna) and the catalytic subunit tert (telomerase reverse transcriptase). knockout mice with a mtr (mouse tr) deletion have been described and well characterized. however, mice with a mtert (mouse tert) deletion have not been reported. | 1999 | 10583505 |
| sequence-ready 1-mb yac, bac and cosmid contigs covering the distal imprinted region of mouse chromosome 7. | we have constructed approximately 1-mb contigs of yeast artificial chromosome (yac), bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) and cosmid clones covering the imprinted region in mouse chromosome band 7f4/f5. this region is syntenic to human chromosome 11p15.5, which is associated with beckwith-wiedemann syndrome (bws) and certain childhood and adult tumors. these contigs provide the basis for genomic sequencing, identification of genes and their regulatory elements, and functional studies in transge ... | 1999 | 10691133 |
| characterization of a mammalian gene related to the yeast ccr4 general transcription factor and revealed by transposon insertion. | murine intracisternal a-particles (iaps) are reiterated retrovirus-like transposable elements that can act as insertional mutagens. accordingly, we previously identified a chimeric transcript initiated at an iap promoter and extending through a 3'-located open reading frame with significant similarity to the c-terminal domain of the yeast ccr4 general transcription factor. in this report, we characterize the corresponding murine gene, mccr4, and its human homologue, thus providing the first desc ... | 1999 | 10521507 |
| mammalian cdc7-dbf4 protein kinase complex is essential for initiation of dna replication. | the cdc7-dbf4 kinase is essential for regulating initiation of dna replication in saccharomyces cerevisiae. previously, we identified a human cdc7 homolog, hscdc7. in this study, we report the identification of a human dbf4 homolog, hsdbf4. we show that hsdbf4 binds to hscdc7 and activates hscdc7 kinase activity when hsdbf4 and hscdc7 are coexpressed in insect and mammalian cells. hsdbf4 protein levels are regulated during the cell cycle with a pattern that matches that of hscdc7 protein kinase ... | 1999 | 10523313 |
| requirement for ras/rac1-mediated p38 and c-jun n-terminal kinase signaling in stat3 transcriptional activity induced by the src oncoprotein. | signal transducers and activators of transcription (stats) are transcription factors that mediate normal biologic responses to cytokines and growth factors. however, abnormal activation of certain stat family members, including stat3, is increasingly associated with oncogenesis. in fibroblasts expressing the src oncoprotein, activation of stat3 induces specific gene expression and is required for cell transformation. although the src tyrosine kinase induces constitutive stat3 phosphorylation on ... | 1999 | 10523640 |
| overproduction of th2-specific chemokines in nc/nga mice exhibiting atopic dermatitis-like lesions. | we have examined the expression of chemokines and their receptors in the atopic dermatitis-like (ad-like) lesions of nc/nga mice. such lesions develop when the mice are kept in conventional conditions, but not when they are kept isolated from specific pathogens. the thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine tarc is unexpectedly highly expressed in the basal epidermis of 14-week-old mice with lesions, whereas it is not expressed in the skin without lesions. production of tarc by keratinocytes wa ... | 1999 | 10525048 |
| utilization of the indirect lysosome targeting pathway by lysosome-associated membrane proteins (lamps) is influenced largely by the c-terminal residue of their gyxxphi targeting signals. | a systematic study was conducted on the requirements at the c-terminal position for the targeting of lamps to lysosomes, examining the hypothesis that a bulky hydrophobic residue is required. mutations deleting or replacing the c-terminal valine with g, a, c, l, i, m, k, f, y, or w were constructed in a reporter protein consisting of the lumenal/extracellular domain of avian lamp-1 fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of lamp-2b. the steady-state distribution of each mutant form in ... | 1999 | 10564644 |
| identification and characterization of sorcs, a third member of a novel receptor family. | a novel receptor, sorcs, was isolated from murine brain. it shows homology to the mosaic receptor sorla and the neurotensin receptor sortilin based on a common vps10 domain which is the hallmark of this new receptor family. in the n-terminus of sorcs two putative cleavage sites for the convertase furin mark the beginning of the vps10 domain, followed by a module of imperfect leucine-rich repeats and a transmembrane domain. the short intracellular c-terminus contains consensus signals for rapid i ... | 1999 | 10600506 |
| the kinesin-like motor protein kif1c occurs in intact cells as a dimer and associates with proteins of the 14-3-3 family. | proteins of the kinesin superfamily are regulated in their motor activity as well as in their ability to bind to their cargo by carboxyl-terminal associating proteins and phosphorylation. kif1c, a recently identified member of the kif1/unc104 family, was shown to be involved in the retrograde vesicle transport from the golgi-apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum. in a yeast two-hybrid screen using the carboxyl-terminal 350 amino acids of kif1c as a bait, we identified as binding proteins 14-3-3 ... | 1999 | 10559254 |
| homo- and heterodimerization of peroxisomal atp-binding cassette half-transporters. | mammalian peroxisomal proteins adrenoleukodystrophy protein (aldp), adrenoleukodystrophy-related protein (aldrp), and 70-kda peroxisomal protein (pmp70) belong to the superfamily of atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters. unlike many abc transporters that are single functional proteins with two related halves, aldp, aldrp, and pmp70 have the structure of abc half-transporters. the dysfunction of aldp is responsible for x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (x-ald), a neurodegenerative disorder in which ... | 1999 | 10551832 |
| isolation and characterization of cox17p from porcine heart by determining its survival-promoting activity in nih3t3 cells. | we have found that the gel filtration fraction of porcine heart extract clearly promoted the survival of nih3t3 fibroblast cells in the serum-free medium condition. a structural analysis showed that the active fraction contained a novel peptide, porcine cox17p (p-cox17p), which was recently reported by chen et al. as dopuin (z. w. chen et al., eur. j. biochem. 249 (1997) 518-522). porcine cox17p/dopuin possesses high sequence homology to the product of human cox17 gene (h-cox17p). although cox17 ... | 1999 | 10564764 |
| biochemical analysis of distinct activation functions in p300 that enhance transcription initiation with chromatin templates. | to investigate the mechanisms of transcriptional enhancement by the p300 coactivator, we analyzed wild-type and mutant versions of p300 with a chromatin transcription system in vitro. estrogen receptor, nf-kappab p65 plus sp1, and gal4-vp16 were used as different sequence-specific activators. the ch3 domain (or e1a-binding region) was found to be essential for the function of each of the activators tested. the bromodomain was also observed to be generally important for p300 coactivator activity, ... | 1999 | 10567538 |
| biochemical characterization of the ras-related gtpases rit and rin. | we report the biochemical characterization of rit and rin, two members of the ras superfamily identified by expression cloning. recombinant rit and rin bind gtp and exhibit intrinsic gtpase activity. conversion of gln to leu at position 79 (for rit) or 78 (for rin) (equivalent to position 61 in ras) resulted in a complete loss of gtpase activity. surprisingly, significant differences were found when the guanine nucleotide dissociation constants of rit and rin were compared with the majority of r ... | 1999 | 10545207 |
| cytogenetic characteristics and p53 gene status of human teratocarcinoma pa-1 cells in 407-445 passages. | to study why the human teratocarcinoma cell line pa-1 maintains a stable near-diploid karyotype even after it has been cultured for more than twenty years, p53 gene status of the cell line in 407-445 passages were investigated in detail by dna sequence analysis and a yeast function status assay. direct sequence analysis of rt-pcr products showed both wild and mutated bands (p53 codon 239 mutation). consistent with the above results, the functional assay showed that one allele of the p53 gene was ... | 1999 | 10567668 |
| characterization of the amino-terminal activation domain of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. importance of alpha-helical structure in the transactivating function. | the transactivating function of the a/b region of mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (pparalpha; nr1c1) was characterized. the truncated version of pparalpha lacking the a/b region had 60-70% lower transactivating function than full-length pparalpha in both the presence and absence of the peroxisome proliferator ciprofibrate. when tethered to the yeast gal4 dna-binding domain, the a/b region exhibited the significant ligand-independent transactivating function, af-1 activity. ... | 1999 | 10574998 |
| identification of eps8 as a dvl1-associated molecule. | dishevelled (dsh) is involved in both wingless (wg) and frizzled (fz) signaling pathways. to further determine the function of dsh, we have performed yeast two-hybrid screening and isolated several genes encoding the molecules associated with the pdz domain of dvl1, one of the murine dsh homologs. during the screening, we found that eps8, which is a substrate for activated egf receptor (egfr), specifically interacted with dvl1. this interaction was also confirmed in vitro. through transfection s ... | 1999 | 10581192 |
| hybridization-based karyotyping of mouse chromosomes: hybridization-bands. | we have developed a method, which we have named hybridization-banding, to identify simultaneously all chromosomes in a mouse metaphase spread. the method uses a combination of hybridization probes labeled with a single fluor to yield a simple, unique, readily identifiable hybridization pattern on each chromosome. the method is superior to giemsa- or fluorescence-based banding methods for chromosome identification because the hybridization patterns are simpler and easier to identify, and unique p ... | 1999 | 10516429 |
| a multicopper oxidase gene from candida albicans: cloning, characterization and disruption. | a multicopper oxidase gene from the human pathogenic yeast candida albicans was isolated and characterized. an open reading frame of 1872 bp, designated cafet3, was identified, encoding a predicted protein of 624 amino acids and a molecular mass of 70.5 kda. the identity between the deduced amino acid sequences of cafet3 and the saccharomyces cerevisiae fet3 gene is 55%. cafet3 was localized on chromosome 6. a null mutant (fet3delta/fet3delta) was constructed by sequential gene disruption. unlik ... | 1999 | 10517594 |
| long inverted repeats are an at-risk motif for recombination in mammalian cells. | certain dna sequence motifs and structures can promote genomic instability. we have explored instability induced in mouse cells by long inverted repeats (lirs). a cassette was constructed containing a herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (tk) gene into which was inserted an lir composed of two inverted copies of a 1.1-kb yeast ura3 gene sequence separated by a 200-bp spacer sequence. the tk gene was introduced into the genome of mouse ltk(-) fibroblasts either by itself or in conjunction with a ... | 1999 | 10581292 |
| yeast tissue phase of emmonsia pasteuriana inoculated in golden hamster by intratesticular way. | the scope of our study was to present an experimental model reproducing the dimorphic yeast-like population (as for histoplasma capsulatum, blastomyces dermatitidis) similar to that observed in the cutaneous biopsy of an italian woman who had never traveled abroad, being intravenous drug user and hiv positive for 10 years, finally infected with the new dimorphic fungus emmonsia pasteuriana. experimental inoculation was unsuccessful by intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intravenous (i.v.) ways in a mouse ... | 1999 | 10865897 |
| analysis of intrachromosomal homologous recombination in mammalian cell, using tandem repeat sequences. | in all the organisms, homologous recombination (hr) is involved in fundamental processes such as genome diversification and dna repair. several strategies can be devised to measure homologous recombination in mammalian cells. we present here the interest of using intrachromosomal tandem repeat sequences to measure hr in mammalian cells and we discuss the differences with the ectopic plasmids recombination. the present review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of hr between tandem repeats in mam ... | 1999 | 10343649 |
| subunits of the eukaryotic cytosolic chaperonin cct do not always behave as components of a uniform hetero-oligomeric particle. | the chaperonin cct is an hetero-oligomeric molecular chaperone complex. studies in yeast suggest each of its eight gene products are required for its major identified functions in producing native tubulins and actins. however, it is unclear whether these eight components always form a single particle, covering all functions, or else can also exist as heterogeneous mixtures and/or free subunits in cells. using mouse p19 embryonal carcinoma cells, which divide rapidly, yet in retinoic acid adopt a ... | 1999 | 10082421 |
| recruitment of cyclin t1/p-tefb to an hiv type 1 long terminal repeat promoter proximal rna target is both necessary and sufficient for full activation of transcription. | transcriptional activation of the hiv type 1 (hiv-1) long terminal repeat (ltr) promoter element by the viral tat protein is an essential step in the hiv-1 life cycle. tat function is mediated by the tar rna target element encoded within the ltr and is known to require the recruitment of a complex consisting of tat and the cyclin t1 (cyct1) component of positive transcription elongation factor b (p-tefb) to tar. here, we demonstrate that both tar and tat become entirely dispensable for activatio ... | 1999 | 10393900 |
| the drosophila ortholog of the human xpg gene. | xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group g (xpg) protein is a junction-specific endonuclease which is indispensable for nucleotide excision repair (ner) of dna in eukaryotes. recent studies have hinted at a second, essential function for the xpg protein in higher eukaryotes. we undertook a comparison of the amino acid sequences of multiple xpg orthologs to determine if a motif or domain could be identified that is conserved uniquely in higher eukaryotes. a search of current databases allowed ... | 1999 | 10395909 |
| mitogen-activated protein kinases: specific messages from ubiquitous messengers. | 1999 | 10082509 |