| transcriptional activation domain of the muscle-specific gene-regulatory protein myf5. | the human muscle determination factor myf5, like myod and other members of the family of skeletal muscle-specific regulatory proteins, contains a highly conserved putative helix-loop-helix domain. in myod this motif is required for the initiation of myogenesis in c3h mouse 10t1/2 fibroblasts and other non-muscle cells as well as for transcriptional activation of muscle genes. high affinity dna binding of myod to regulatory dna elements in muscle genes requires the formation of heterodimers with ... | 1990 | 2385294 |
| sequence analysis of mouse mitochondrial chloramphenicol-resistant mutants. | the nucleotide sequences of the 3' halves of the mitochondrial 16s rrna genes from four independent mouse chloramphenicol-resistant (cap-r) mutants were determined. each contained a different, single base change that encodes the mutational phenotype. the mitochondrial rrna gene from the sva31 cap-r mutant contains a g-to-a transition at nucleotide 2161 of the noncoding strand; the svis cap-r mutant, a g-to-a transition at position 2375; the la9 cap-r mutant, an a-to-t transversion at position 23 ... | 1989 | 2471279 |
| induction of an endogenous tumor necrosis factor in mice by murine recombinant interferon-gamma combined with a lipid a subunit analog (gla-60) of low toxicity. | we have investigated the endogenous production of a serum cytotoxic factor when recombinant interferon-gamma (rifn-gamma) is combined with synthetic lipid a subunit analogs of low toxicity (gla compounds). the cytotoxic activity of the serum was measured by the crystal violet staining method with l929 cells as a target. intravenous administration of rifn-gamma followed by intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide induced the endogenous production of a cytotoxic factor in the serum. the pr ... | 1989 | 2497979 |
| characterization and expression of the human rhoh12 gene product. | the rho genes constitute an evolutionarily conserved family having significant homology to the ras oncogene family. these genes have been found in saccharomyces cerevisiae, drosophila melanogaster, rat, and human; their 21,000-dalton products show strong conservation of structure. in humans, three classes of rho cdna clones have been identified which differ by virtue of the presence of variable c-terminal domains: rhoh12, rhoh6, and rhoh9. the predicted 193 amino acids of human rhoh12 protein sh ... | 1989 | 2501657 |
| triacsin c: a differential inhibitor of arachidonoyl-coa synthetase and nonspecific long chain acyl-coa synthetase. | triacsins a, b, c, and d are newly discovered compounds isolated from the culture filtrate of streptomyces which are known to inhibit nonspecific long chain acyl-coa synthetase (ec 6.2.1.3.). these inhibitors have not been previously studied with regard to their effects on arachidonoyl-coa synthetase, an enzyme which specifically utilizes arachidonate and other icosanoid precursor fatty acids. to explore this question, we used triacsin c, a potent inhibitor of the nonspecific acyl-coa synthetase ... | 1989 | 2505330 |
| properties and applications of human dna repair genes. | the importance of understanding dna repair processes is discussed in terms of the origins of human cancer. several human repair genes have been mapped to specific human chromosomes using somatic cell hybrids. it is noteworthy that 3 of these genes lie in the same region of chromosome 19: genes ercc1 and ercc2, which are involved in nucleotide excision repair, and xrcc1, which is involved in the repair of strand breaks. the genes xrcc1 and ercc2 were cloned from cosmid libraries prepared from dna ... | 1991 | 2011139 |
| analytic study of the differential anticomplementary effects of dextran sulphate and heparin in the assay for the mouse alternative pathway. | in a recent paper, a linkage between immunological adjuvant activity in mice and in vitro anticomplementary (alternative pathway assay) effects was described for different polyanions. this connection was found only if mouse serum was used as a complement (c) source. in order to investigate the possible role of c in adjuvant activity, the differential effects of polyanions on mouse c were studied in detail. for this study, substances with different activity were selected, namely dextran sulphate ... | 1985 | 2412967 |
| production and characterization of yeast killer toxin monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies were obtained after fusion of mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells isolated from mice primed with a crude extract of yeast killer toxin produced by a strain of hansenula anomala. hybridomas were selected by specific immunoassay reaction of their fluid with crude yeast killer toxin extract. among the monoclonal antibodies, which were characterized by the western blot technique, one (designated kt4) proved to have precipitating properties, thus permitting the neutralization ... | 1987 | 2434524 |
| differential and sequential delivery of fluorescent lysosomal probes into phagosomes in mouse peritoneal macrophages. | it has previously been inferred that the fusion of a macrophage secondary lysosome with a phagosome delivers the entire lysosomal contents uniformly to the phagosome. we found, however, that different fluorescent lysosomal probes can enter phagosomes at remarkably different rates, even though they are initially sequestered together in the same organelles. thus, sulforhodamine is almost exclusively delivered to yeast-containing phagosomes within 2 h of phagocytosis. but fluoresceinated, high mole ... | 1987 | 2438290 |
| generation of macrophage variants with 5-azacytidine: selection for mannose receptor expression. | mannose receptors are expressed only in primary macrophages. established macrophage-derived cell lines, although apparently possessing the potential to synthesize mannose receptors, do not express them on their plasma membranes. using the drug 5-azacytidine, mannose receptor expression was induced in the macrophage-derived mouse cell line j774. receptor positive cells were sorted through a fluorescent activated cell sorter (facs) prior to cloning. clones were isolated which continuously express ... | 1987 | 2445884 |
| translocation arrest by reversible folding of a precursor protein imported into mitochondria. a means to quantitate translocation contact sites. | passage of precursor proteins through translocation contact sites of mitochondria was investigated by studying the import of a fusion protein consisting of the nh2-terminal 167 amino acids of yeast cytochrome b2 precursor and the complete mouse dihydrofolate reductase. isolated mitochondria of neurospora crassa readily imported the fusion protein. in the presence of methotrexate import was halted and a stable intermediate spanning both mitochondrial membranes at translocation contact sites accum ... | 1989 | 2529262 |
| purification and properties of mouse liver coproporphyrinogen oxidase. | coproporphyrinogen oxidase was purified to homogeneity from mouse liver. the specific activity of the pure enzyme was 3500 nmol.h-1.mg-1; its apparent molecular mass (35 kda) was confirmed by immunological characterization of the enzyme in a trichloroacetic-acid-precipitated total-liver-protein extract. the native enzyme appeared to be a dimer of 70 kda as determined by gel filtration under nondenaturating conditions. the km value for coproporphyrinogen iii was 0.3 microm. the purified enzyme wa ... | 1989 | 2540974 |
| the thiol proteinase inhibitors improve the abnormal rapid down-regulation of protein kinase c and the impaired natural killer cell activity in (chediak-higashi syndrome) beige mouse. | protein kinase c (pkc) is essential in intracellular signal transduction for various cell functions including natural killer (nk) cell activity. this enzyme is hydrolysed by calpain, which is ca2+-dependent thiol proteinase. we showed here that in nk activity-deficient beige (bg/bg) mouse, the model of chediak-higashi syndrome, the translocated membrane-bound pkc activity declined rapidly in nk cell-enriched lymphocytes after tpa stimulation. however, the rapid decline was abolished by the pretr ... | 1989 | 2541700 |
| the c-cbl proto-oncogene is preferentially expressed in thymus and testis tissue and encodes a nuclear protein. | cas ns-1 is an acutely transforming murine retrovirus that induces early b-lineage lymphomas and occasional myeloid leukemias. the transforming sequence of this virus, v-cbl, shows no homology to known oncogenes but has some similarities to the yeast transcriptional factor gcn4. in this study we used a v-cbl probe to analyze mrnas from a wide range of murine and human hemopoietic tumor cell lines and detected an 11-kilobase mrna in all lineages. in normal mouse tissues the expression of c-cbl wa ... | 1989 | 2585608 |
| the effect of soluble glucan derivates on spleen colony-forming units in sublethally irradiated mice. | we examined the effects of 5 soluble derivatives of yeast glucan on the formation of exogenous (cfu-s) and endogenous (e-cfu) colony-forming units in the spleens of sublethally irradiated (60co, 6.5-7.0 gy) mice of two inbred strains. for the estimation of cfu-s, glucans were administered intravenously either to donors or recipients of spleen cells 24 h prior to irradiation or removal of the spleen. the number of cfu-s was increased when both the donors and recipients were treated with glucan; t ... | 1990 | 2262172 |
| potent antagonism of escherichia coli, bacteroides ovatus, fusobacterium varium, and enterococcus faecalis, alone or in combination, for enteropathogens in anaerobic continuous flow cultures. | interactions between representative strains of four predominant resident bacteria of the human colon, escherichia coli, enterococcus faecalis, bacteroides ovatus, and fusobacterium varium, and strains of seven enteropathogens, yersinia enterocolitica, shigella flexneri, salmonella typhimurium, vibrio parahaemolyticus, v. cholerae serogroup non o1, staphylococcus aureus, and clostridium perfringens, were examined in studies with an anaerobic continuous flow culture system and medium resembling th ... | 1986 | 2875188 |
| [the research institute for molecular pathology (i.m.p.)--a new approach for cancer development]. | the aim of basic research at the i.m.p. is a more comprehensive understanding of cancer development that should lead to less aggressive and more efficient therapies in future. molecular biological methods provide a valuable tool to describe the genetic defects and malfunctions of the cancer cell, an understanding of which is essential for the establishment of causal cancer treatment. several working groups are studying aspects of cellular growth and its regulation from different points of view. ... | 1989 | 2609663 |
| adriamycin, a drug interacting with acidic phospholipids, blocks import of precursor proteins by isolated yeast mitochondria. | acidic phospholipids such as cardiolipin partially unfold an artificial precursor protein which consists of a mitochondrial presequence fused to mouse dihydrofolate reductase (endo, t., and schatz, g. (1988) embo j. 7, 1153-1158). we now show that import of this precursor protein into isolated yeast mitochondria is blocked by adriamycin, a drug binding to cardiolipin and other acidic phospholipids. this inhibition is lessened if the precursor's dihydrofolate reductase moiety is labilized by poin ... | 1989 | 2644274 |
| identification of ras-related, ypt family genes in schizosaccharomyces pombe. | screening for genes homologous to ras in schizosaccharomyces pombe resulted in the isolation of a homolog of saccharomyces cerevisiae ypt1. this s. pombe gene, named ypt3, has a coding capacity of 214 amino acids interrupted by two introns, and is essential for cell growth. two more ypt1 homologs were isolated from s. pombe using a part of the ypt3 gene as the probe. one of them, named ypt1, is highly homologous to s. cerevisiae ypt1 and mouse ypt1 and is essential for cell growth. this gene has ... | 1990 | 2328721 |
| structure, expression and chromosomal localization of zfp-1, a murine zinc finger protein gene. | zinc finger proteins (zfp) are encoded by a large family of genes present in many organisms including yeast and human. some of them are transcriptional activators and bind specifically to dna by zinc mediated folded structures commonly known as zinc fingers. the drosophila krüppel (kr) is a segmentation gene and encodes a zinc finger protein. using a probe from the finger domain of kr, we have isolated a structurally related gene zfp-1 from the mouse. in this paper, we report the complete nucleo ... | 1989 | 2574853 |
| dna primase isolated from the yeast dna primase-dna polymerase complex. immunoaffinity purification and analysis of rna primer synthesis. | we have utilized immunoaffinity chromatography as a means of efficiently isolating a stable yeast dna primase from the dna primase-dna polymerase complex, allowing identification of the polypeptides associated with this dna primase activity and comparison of its enzymatic properties with those of the larger protein complex. a mouse monoclonal antibody specifically recognizing the dna polymerase subunit was used to purify the complex. stable dna primase was subsequently separated from the complex ... | 1989 | 2464600 |
| inhibitory activity of cranberry juice on adherence of type 1 and type p fimbriated escherichia coli to eucaryotic cells. | inhibition of bacterial adherence to bladder cells has been assumed to account for the beneficial action ascribed to cranberry juice and cranberry juice cocktail in the prevention of urinary tract infections (a. e. sobota, j. urol. 131:1013-1016, 1984). we have examined the effect of the cocktail and juice on the adherence of escherichia coli expressing surface lectins of defined sugar specificity to yeasts, tissue culture cells, erythrocytes, and mouse peritoneal macrophages. cranberry juice co ... | 1989 | 2653218 |
| the ras-related mouse ypt1 protein can functionally replace the ypt1 gene product in yeast. | the protein-coding region of the essential saccharomyces cerevisiae ypt1 gene coding for a ras-related, guanine-nucleotide-binding protein was exchanged in chromosome vi by the protein-coding segment of either the mouse ypt1 gene or the v-ki-ras gene, and different chimeric ypt1-v-ki-ras genes. the mouse ypt1 protein with 71% of identical residues compared with the yeast ypt1 protein could functionally fully replace its yeast homologue as long as the mouse gene was overexpressed under transcript ... | 1989 | 2670553 |
| virulence and antifungal susceptibility of environmental and clinical isolates of cryptococcus neoformans from puerto rico. | studies on the distribution, epidemiology and pathogenesis of cryptococcus neoformans on the island of puerto rico are few. we have studied mouse virulence and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of 133 isolates of c. neoformans: 121 environmental and 12 clinical (9 from aids patients), that were isolated in puerto rico. in experimental cd-1 mice infected intravenously, the mean lethal dose 50% values (28 days) were greater than 5.2 x 10(6) and 1.1 x 10(5) cells/mouse for environmental and clinic ... | 1989 | 2682249 |
| copper and the ace1 regulatory protein reversibly induce yeast metallothionein gene transcription in a mouse extract. | we describe a cell-free system in which the transcription of the yeast metallothionein gene is inducible by the addition of metal ions plus a specific regulatory protein. efficient transcription requires the complete yeast ace1 metalloregulatory protein, including both its dna-binding and transactivation domains; a mouse nuclear extract providing rna polymerase and general transcription factors; a template containing the ace1 binding site; and cu(i). because the binding of ace1 to dna is depende ... | 1989 | 2682650 |
| candida albicans gastrointestinal colonization and invasion in the mouse: effect of antibacterial dosing, antifungal therapy and immunosuppression. | infant mice infected with candida albicans by the oral-intragastric route became colonized in the gut and were persistently colonized into adulthood. faecal levels of candida were correlated with total gastrointestinal candida and provided a useful means of detecting yeast overgrowth or elimination. antibacterial agents promoting candida overgrowth when given by the oral or parenteral route included ceftriaxone, augmentin and cefoperazone. ceftizoxime had less effect. ceftazidime and latamoxef p ... | 1989 | 2695843 |
| natural killer (nk) cell activating factor released from murine thymocytes stimulated with an anti-tumor streptococcal preparation, ok-432. | natural killer (nk) activity of mouse splenocytes was significantly augmented when the splenocytes were incubated for 3 to 4 hr with culture supernatants of mouse thymocytes stimulated by ok-432, an antitumor preparation from the streptococcus pyogenes su-strain. antiviral activity was also detected in the culture supernatants, but il 2 activity was not. when the culture supernatants of thymocytes stimulated by ok-432 were fractionated on a column of blue sepharose cl-6b, nk enhancing activity a ... | 1985 | 2578148 |
| ty element transposition: reverse transcriptase and virus-like particles. | we have found reverse transcriptase activity and virus-like particles only in yeast cells that contain a galactose-promoted ty element induced on galactose. the cofractionation of reverse transcriptase, genomic-length ty rna, and a ty-specified protein antigen in a particulate fraction and the ability of this complex to synthesize specifically a product that is homologous to the entire ty suggest that reverse transcription of ty rna takes place in the particle. the absence of appreciable levels ... | 1985 | 2411424 |
| rapid detection and identification of legionella pneumophila by a membrane immunoassay. | legionella pneumophila was detected and identified by an immunoblot assay using a monoclonal antibody specific to serogroups 1 to 8. samples containing l. pneumophila were plated on buffered charcoal yeast extract agar supplemented with glycine, vancomycin, and polymyxin b. after incubation at 35 degrees c for 3 days, colonies were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes by blotting. simultaneous detection and identification of l. pneumophila were done by treating the membrane with the monoclona ... | 1989 | 2764570 |
| cre-stimulated recombination at loxp-containing dna sequences placed into the mammalian genome. | the cre gene of coliphage p1 encodes a 38 kda protein which efficiently promotes both intra- and intermolecular recombination at specific 34 bp sites called loxp. to demonstrate that the cre protein can promote dna recombination at loxp sites resident on a mammalian chromosome, a mouse cell line was constructed containing two directly repeated loxp sites flanking a 2.5 kb yeast dna fragment and inserted between the sv40 promoter and the neo structural gene to disrupt expression of the neo gene. ... | 1989 | 2783482 |
| a ubiquitin carrier protein from wheat germ is structurally and functionally similar to the yeast dna repair enzyme encoded by rad6. | the rad6 gene from the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a ubiquitin carrier protein (e2) required for a variety of cellular processes including dna repair, induced mutagenesis, and sporulation. here we identify an e2 from a higher plant, wheat, that is similar to rad6 with respect to both structure and in vitro substrate specificity. the protein was purified from wheat germ by a combination of ubiquitin covalent affinity chromatography and anion-exchange hplc and has an apparent molecular ... | 1989 | 2557633 |
| pharmacological studies on eb-382, a new non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents: mode of action of the analgesic effects. | the analgesic mechanism of (+/-)-2-[p-[(2-methylallyl)amino]phenyl]propionic acid (eb-382), a new non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, was studied. eb-382 exerted a potent analgesic effect on yeast-induced hyperalgesia in rats and bradykinin-induced writhing in mice, and its potency was superior to that of ibuprofen. eb-382 had a comparatively weak inhibitory effect on the prostaglandin e2 production from arachidonic acid in sheep seminal vesicle microsomal fraction in vitro. eb-382 exhibited a ... | 1989 | 2787705 |
| inhibition of mouse bone marrow granulocyte-macrophage colony formation by factors derived from natural killer cells: an in vitro model for hybrid resistance. | investigations were performed to study whether soluble factors produced by nk-cells could mediate "hybrid resistance" in vitro. nk-cells enriched from spleens of b6d2f1 hybrid mice were incubated with parental b6 bone marrow, and the effect of the derived supernatants on the development of granulocyte-macrophage colony forming cells (gm-cfc) was assessed. cell free supernatants obtained from low density cells (ldc) of b6d2f1 hybrids stimulated with bone marrow cells (bmc) from b6 mice inhibited ... | 1989 | 2510465 |
| high levels of circulating neutralizing antibody in normal animals to recombinant mouse interferon-beta produced in yeast. | plasma from normal outbred swiss mice not previously given interferon (ifn) neutralized a glycosylated (high-mannose) recombinant murine ifn-beta made in yeast (rmuifn-beta y). the neutralization antibody titers were as high as 1:6,000 versus rmuifn-beta y, whereas the titers obtained with native murine ifn-beta (muifn-beta) were 100-fold less; a recombinant murine ifn-beta make in escherichia coli (rmuifn-beta ec) was not neutralized at 1:10 dilution of plasma. an elisa using rmuifn-beta y demo ... | 1989 | 2809279 |
| characteristics of the beta-glucan receptor of murine macrophages. | phagocytosis of heat-killed yeast (hk-yeast), zymosan, and glucan particles by thioglycollate-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages (tg-macrophages) was inhibited by soluble glucan polymers/oligomers. the inhibitory capacity of soluble glucans decreased steeply with the decrease in the degree of polymerization (dpn); i.e., the concentration at which 50% inhibition of phagocytosis was attained was 0.23 microgram/ml for glucan 1 (dpn 24.8), 0.8 microgram/ml for glucan 2 (dpn 21.9), and greater tha ... | 1988 | 2828085 |
| high-level expression, purification, and characterization of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor synthesized in the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. | human tumor necrosis factor (tnf) alpha/cachectin was expressed in the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris at high levels (greater than 30% of the soluble protein) by placing the tnf cdna under the control of regulatory sequences derived from the alcohol oxidase gene. batch fermentor cultures at cell densities of 50 and 85 g dry cell weight/l contained approximately 6 x 10(10) and 10(11) units/l tnf bioactivity (6 and 10 g/l tnf), respectively. tnf productivity of 0.108 g l-1 h-1 was obtained i ... | 1989 | 2752013 |
| effects of intraperitoneally administered dietary fibers on superoxide generation from peritoneal exudate macrophages in mice. | to clarify whether edible polysaccharides (dietary fibers) have a host defense stimulating activity, the effects of intraperitoneally administered dietary fiber on the generation of microbicidal superoxide anion (o2-) in mouse peritoneal exudate macrophages (mp) were investigated. mp obtained from mice injected cellulose or pectin generated larger amount of o2- when stimulated by 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa) or during phagocytosis of opsonized zymosan than those from mice injected ... | 1990 | 2177457 |
| a preadipocyte clonal line from mouse brown adipose tissue. short- and long-term responses to insulin and beta-adrenergics. | a clonal cell line has been established from the interscapular brown adipose tissue (bat) of the c57 bl/6j +/+ mouse. the line, designated bfc-1, is aneuploid and exhibits both morphological and biochemical properties characteristics of mature adipocytes. adipose conversion begins after confluence and is accompanied by an early emergence of lipoprotein lipase; a later emergence of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and acid: coa ligase; an increase in the average triglyceride content. adipose co ... | 1987 | 2877896 |
| mouse primase p49 subunit molecular cloning indicates conserved and divergent regions. | primase is a specialized rna polymerase that synthesizes rna primers for initiation of dna synthesis. a full cdna clone of the p49 subunit of mouse primase, a heterodimeric enzyme, has been isolated using a primase p49-specific polyclonal antibody to screen a lambda gt11 mouse cdna expression library. the cdna indicated the subunit is a 417-amino acid polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 49,295 daltons. the p49 mrna is approximately 1500 nucleotides long with a 5'-untranslated region ... | 1989 | 2925677 |
| general recombination mechanisms in extracts of meiotic cells. | reca-like proteins have been purified from somatic and meiotic cells of mouse and lily. the rec proteins have been designated "s-rec" and "m-rec" to indicate their respective tissues of origin. the two proteins differ in molecular weight and in their response to temperature, the latter being consistent with the optimal temperature for physiological function of their tissues of origin. there is a major increase in m-rec protein with the entry of cells into meiosis, the peak of activity being earl ... | 1985 | 2935376 |
| increased proliferative activity in selenium-deficient mouse liver. | male albino nmri mice were fed a selenium-deficient (se-), torula yeast-based diet containing less than 10 ppb se for at least 2 months (se-) while a control group received the same diet supplemented (se+) with 330 ppb se as na2seo3. the se-(-)animals showed multiple enzyme modulations of liver enzyme activities indicating that they were in a severely se- state. no significant difference in the basic dna synthesis rate of se-(-)animals compared to se+ controls was measured. however, when liver c ... | 1986 | 2945649 |
| comparison of the orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase sequences of eight species. | predicted amino acid sequences of the enzyme orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase (ec 4.1.1.23) from eight different organisms are compared. the comparisons are made on the basis of primary structural differences, primary amino acid sequence, hydropathy profiles, and secondary structure predictions. the organisms compared are mus musculus, aspergillus nidulans, neurospora crassa, kluyveromyces lactis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, schizosaccharomyces pombe, escherichia coli, and salmonella typhimuri ... | 1988 | 2974823 |
| an essential yeast protein, encoded by duplicated genes tif1 and tif2 and homologous to the mammalian translation initiation factor eif-4a, can suppress a mitochondrial missense mutation. | we describe the isolation and characterization of two previously undescribed genes, tif1 and tif2, from saccharomyces cerevisiae. the protein-encoding sequences of the two genes are highly conserved, resulting in two completely identical proteins, whereas the flanking regions show no obvious homology. the two yeast proteins are highly similar to the translation initiation factor eif-4a from mouse. elevated gene dosage of tif1 or tif2 results in the suppression of a missense mutation in the mitoc ... | 1989 | 2648398 |
| a mammalian translation initiation factor can substitute for its yeast homologue in vivo. | the translation initiation factor 4e (eif-4e) is involved in the recognition of the cap structure at the 5' end of eukaryotic mrna and facilitates ribosome binding. subsequently, additional initiation factors mediate ribosomal scanning of mrna and initiator aug recognition (shatkin, a. j. (1985) cell 40, 223-224; rhoads, r. e. (1988) trends biochem. sci. 13, 52-56; edery, i., pelletier, j., and sonenberg, n. (1987) in translational regulation of gene expression (ilan, j., ed) pp. 335-366, plenum ... | 1989 | 2663851 |
| purification of clostridium botulinum type g progenitor toxin. | clostridium botulinum type g cultured for 6 days at 30 degrees c in proteose peptone-yeast extract-glucose medium produced toxin of 1.3 x 10(4) ld50/ml. the toxin was precipitated at ph 4.0, extracted with 0.2 m phosphate buffer, ph 6.0, and activated with trypsin. sonic treatment and trypsinization of the residual precipitate released additional toxin, the toxicity of which corresponded to that detected in whole culture. activated toxin obtained from the first extract and that from the residual ... | 1988 | 3293334 |
| yeast as source of oncoproteins. | the properties of a saccharomyces cerevisiae 20 kda polypeptide (yp20) and its relationship to human ras antigen were tested. yp20 was isolated from commercial yeast cells by the procedure of sommer (1978). proteins associated with yeast chromatin were released by micrococcal nuclease digestion and purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation. rabbit polyclonal and mouse monoclonal antibodies specifically detecting the yp20 antigen have been generated. we observed that yp20 was recognized by anti ... | 1989 | 2665375 |
| mitochondrial import of the adp/atp carrier protein in saccharomyces cerevisiae. sequences required for receptor binding and membrane translocation. | the adp/atp carrier of yeast (309 amino acids) is an abundant transmembrane protein of the mitochondrial inner membrane whose import involves well-defined steps (pfanner, n., and neupert, w. (1987) j. biol. chem. 262, 7528-7536). analysis of the in vitro import of gene fusion products containing adp/atp carrier (aac) sequences at the amino terminus and mouse dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) at the carboxyl terminus indicates that the first 72 amino acids of the soluble carrier protein, a hydrophil ... | 1988 | 2834388 |
| tetrahydrocannabinol-induced suppression of macrophage spreading and phagocytic activity in vitro. | the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (thc) on several parameters of macrophage function in vitro were assessed. delta 9 thc added to cultures of normal mouse peritoneal cells in vitro affected the ability of the cells to spread on glass surfaces and also had some effect on their ability to phagocytize yeast. these effects were dose related. a concentration of 20 micrograms of thc almost completely inhibited macrophage spreading, but it also decreased viability and the total number of these cells. ... | 1986 | 3011935 |
| moloney murine sarcoma virus encoded p37mos expressed in yeast has protein kinase activity. | we describe the expression of the moloney murine sarcoma virus env-mos protein (p37mos) in yeast under the control of the yeast gal1 promoter. consistent with our previous results concerning the p37mos protein kinase made in virus infected mouse cells, p37mos produced in yeast possesses autophosphorylation activity in an immune complex kinase assay using anti-mos (37-35) serum. | 1986 | 3014729 |
| macrophage-mediated fungistasis in vitro: requirements for intracellular and extracellular cytotoxicity. | macrophage cytotoxicity for cryptococcus neoformans was investigated by culturing mouse peritoneal macrophages with a thin-capsuled clone of cryptococcus under conditions permitting efficient phagocytosis. yeast replication was quantitated by electronic particle counting after detergent lysis of macrophages, and viability was determined by quantitative plate counts. under appropriate conditions, reproduction was completely inhibited; stasis began at 2 hr after addition of yeasts and lasted for 3 ... | 1986 | 3510251 |
| the reproductive effects assessment group's review of the mutagenicity of vinylidene chloride. | a large number of studies indicate that vinylidene chloride is mutagenic to bacteria and that this activity is largely dependent on microsomal activation. vinylidene chloride gave positive results for gene reversion and conversion in yeast that was also dependent on metabolic activation, and was positive in tradescantia. in mammalian systems, vinylidene chloride failed to induce gene mutations in v79 cells at two separate loci, failed to induce chromosomal aberrations in mouse bone marrow in viv ... | 1986 | 3510861 |
| histoplasma capsulatum fails to trigger release of superoxide from macrophages. | the yeast form of the dimorphic fungus histoplasma capsulatum survives within macrophages after phagocytosis. to do so, it must avoid, inhibit, or resist a variety of toxic oxygen metabolites. using ferricytochrome c reduction to assay superoxide release, we examined the response of mouse macrophages to the yeast form of various h. capsulatum strains. doses of zymosan as low as 20 particles per macrophage elicited superoxide, whereas h. capsulatum failed to induce superoxide even at 160 yeast ce ... | 1987 | 3025100 |
| both atp and an energized inner membrane are required to import a purified precursor protein into mitochondria. | we have investigated the energy requirement of mitochondrial protein import with a simplified system containing only isolated yeast mitochondria, energy sources and a purified precursor protein. this precursor was a fusion protein composed of 22 residues of the cytochrome oxidase subunit iv pre-sequence fused to mouse dihydrofolate reductase. import of this protein required not only an energized inner membrane, but also atp. atp could be replaced by gtp, but not by ctp, ttp or non-hydrolyzable a ... | 1987 | 3036490 |
| processing of ty1 proteins and formation of ty1 virus-like particles in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | we have analysed functional properties of putative proteins encoded by the yeast transposable element, ty1, by overexpression of ty genes. high-level expression was achieved by appropriate fusion of a ty sequence, ty9c, to the yeast adh1 promoter and transformation of yeast cells with this construction. as shown recently by others (garfinkel et al. 1985; mellor et al. 1985c) ty overexpression leads to an increase in particle-bound reverse transcriptase activity and to an intracellular accumulati ... | 1987 | 3039300 |
| isolation of s9 fractions from mouse and rat with increased enzyme activities after repeated administration of cytochrome p-450 and p-448 inducers. | cytochrome p-450 (cyt p-450), nadph cytochrome p-450 reductase and various microsomal monooxygenase activities [e.g. aminopyrine n-demethylase, p-nitroanisole o-demethylase, dinemorphan n-demethylase, ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase and ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erd)], were determined in hepatic post-mitochondrial supernatant from mice and rats. experiments were performed on male and female animals treated with a combination of sodium phenobarbital and beta-naphthoflavone according to the standa ... | 1988 | 3045486 |
| the isolation, characterization and nucleotide sequence of the phosphoglucoisomerase gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae. | we have isolated the gene which encodes the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglucoisomerase (pgi) from the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae by functional complementation of a yeast mutant deficient in pgi activity with dna from a wild-type yeast genomic library. the cloned gene has been localized by hybridization of specific dna fragments to total yeast poly(a)+ rna and by complementation of the mutant phenotype with subclones. the gene is expressed as an abundant mrna of 1.9-kb and encodes a protein of 5 ... | 1988 | 3072254 |
| comparative analysis of tubulin sequences. | 1. information on the structure and evolution of tubulin has been obtained by comparing the available sequence data on 31 alpha-tubulins and 31 beta-tubulins. 2. similar numbers of conserved amino acids are found amongst both alpha- and beta-tubulins (alpha: 48%, plus conservative substitutions: 72%; beta: 48%, plus conservative substitutions: 70%). about half of them are common to both subunits (23%, plus conservative substitutions: 45%). four cysteines in the alpha-tubulins and 2 cysteines in ... | 1988 | 3073909 |
| lysosomal enzyme release from macrophages: a model of food yeast toxicity evaluation. | the role of lysosomal enzyme released by macrophages was examined in relation to the toxic effect caused by food yeast. mouse peritoneal macrophages exposed to yeast in culture showed marked release of n-acetyl glucosaminidase, beta-galactosaminidase and beta-glucuronidase below the median lethal dose (ld50). ld50 was measured from the dose response curves of the cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase enzyme. saccharomyces cerevisiae showed the highest ld50 followed by kluyveromyces fragilis and cand ... | 1988 | 3076734 |
| enhancement of streptococcus faecalis infection and complement depletion in yeast-treated mice. | enhancement of streptococcus faecalis infection and lowering of the complement level have been demonstrated in mice injected with a heat-treated suspension of baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae). the leucocyte response to the infection was not affected. the yeast preparation showed, in vitro, an intense anti-complementary activity on mouse serum and interfered with the microbial killing function of the mouse peritoneal macrophages. no significant stimulation of the growth of s. faecalis in ... | 1986 | 3095490 |
| interaction of ribosomal proteins l25 from yeast and el23 from e. coli with yeast 26s and mouse 28s rrna. | the interaction of ribosomal protein el23 from e. coli and l25 from yeast with yeast 26s rrna was analysed by nitrocellulose filter binding and rnase protection experiments using both intact rrna and various fragments prepared by in vitro transcription of cloned yeast rdna regions in the sp6 system. the results show that el23 efficiently and specifically interacts with the region of 26s rrna previously identified as the binding site for the yeast ribosomal protein l25. a comparison of the oligon ... | 1987 | 3126831 |
| the yeast gtp-binding ypt1 protein and a mammalian counterpart are associated with the secretion machinery. | a yeast gtp-binding protein, the ypt1 gene product, has been found to function early in the secretion pathway. the ypt1-1 mutation causes a phenotype reminiscent of early secretion-defective mutants, including accumulation of membranes and vesicles as well as a partial defect in secretion and incomplete glycosylation of invertase. immunofluorescence localization studies using affinity-purified antibody directed against the ypt1 protein showed punctate staining of the cytoplasm of growing yeast c ... | 1988 | 3127057 |
| nucleotide sequence of chicken myb proto-oncogene promoter region: detection of an evolutionarily conserved element. | the nucleotide sequence of the chicken myb proto-oncogene putative promoter region was determined and compared with the corresponding sequence of the mouse c-myb gene (1). 118 bp upstream from the initiation codon suggested by gerondakis and bishop (2) for the chicken c-myb protein, a 124-bp-long conserved element was found (92% identity in chicken and mouse sequences). sequences homologous to this element were detected on southern blots of restricted genomic dnas from mouse, man, lizard, frog, ... | 1988 | 3145493 |
| pharmacology of sch 34826, an orally active enkephalinase inhibitor analgesic. | sch 34826 [(s)-n-[n-[1-[[(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4yl) methoxy]carbonyl]-2-phenylethyl]-l-phenylalanine]-beta-alanine] was synthesized as a p.o. active prodrug enkephalinase inhibitor. in vivo, it is de-esterified to sch 32615 (n-[l-(-1-carboxy-2-phenyl)ethyl]-l-phenylalanyl-beta-alanine), the active constituent. in vitro, the ki for sch 32615 to block the degradation of met5-enkephalin by isolated enkephalinase is 19.5 +/- 0.9 nm. in contrast, sch 32615 did not inhibit aminopeptidase or diami ... | 1988 | 3164388 |
| improvement of short-term tests for mutagenicity: on the optimal ph for the liver microsomal assay. | the aim of this study was to optimize the ph in the liver microsomal assay (lma) in processing short-term mutagenicity tests. ph optimization would increase the sensitivity (i.e. decrease the presence of false negatives) and increase the specificity (decrease false positives). such optimization is a function of the relative activities and stabilities of the liver microsomal cytochrome p-450- and fad-containing monooxygenase-dependent biotransformation enzymes present in the incubation mixtures u ... | 1988 | 3191571 |
| genetic analysis of the repetitive carboxyl-terminal domain of the largest subunit of mouse rna polymerase ii. | the carboxyl-terminal domain (ctd) of the mouse rna polymerase ii largest subunit consists of 52 repeats of a seven-amino-acid block with the consensus sequence tyr-ser-pro-thr-ser-pro-ser. a genetic approach was used to determine whether the ctd plays an essential role in rna polymerase function. deletion, insertion, and substitution mutations were created in the repetitive region of an alpha-amanitin-resistant largest-subunit gene. the effects of these mutations on rna polymerase ii activity w ... | 1988 | 3275873 |
| pharmacological profile of droxicam. | in studies of anti-inflammatory activity, droxicam has shown itself to be as active as piroxicam and much more active than phenylbutazone, isoxicam and suprofen, both in acute studies such as carrageenin oedema, nystatin oedema and ultraviolet erythema, and in longer-term tests such as that of the cotton pellet. in the studies of anti-arthritic activity, which require long-term treatment, droxicam was as effective as piroxicam, both on primary and on secondary lesions. the study of analgaesic ac ... | 1988 | 3278945 |
| genotoxicity studies on selected organosilicon compounds: in vitro assays. | a series of 12 organosilicon compounds representing potential intermediates in the synthesis and degradation of polydimethylsiloxanes were evaluated for genotoxic potential with a battery of in vitro assays. microbial assays included the ames bacterial reverse mutation in salmonella, mitotic gene conversion in saccharomyces cerevisiae d4 and dna repair in e. coli pol a +/-. these assays were conducted with and without a metabolic activation system containing aroclor 1254-induced rat-liver homoge ... | 1988 | 3284798 |
| a dna sequence conferring high postmeiotic segregation frequency to heterozygous deletions in saccharomyces cerevisiae is related to sequences associated with eucaryotic recombination hotspots. | the meiotic behavior of two graded series of deletion mutations in the ade8 gene in saccharomyces cerevisiae was analyzed to investigate the molecular basis of meiotic recombination. postmeiotic segregation (pms) was observed for a subset of the deletion heterozygosities, including deletions of 38 to 93 base pairs. there was no clear relationship between deletion length and pms frequency. a common sequence characterized the novel joint region in the alleles which displayed pms. this sequence is ... | 1988 | 3285179 |
| characterization of ouabain-resistant mutants of the preadipocyte ob17 clonal line. adipose conversion in vitro and in vivo. | after exposure to a mutagenic drug (ethylmethanesulfonate), mutant clones of ob17 preadipose cells resistant to the cytotoxic action of ouabain have been isolated. their ability to grow in serum-supplemented medium containing greater than or equal to 3 mm ouabain is consistent with the decreased ouabain sensitivity of k+ transport observed in one of these clones (ob17-or11). ouabain-resistant mutants retain their ability to convert into adipose-like cells in vitro with a frequency similar to tha ... | 1985 | 2981694 |
| [natural interferon inducers: double-stranded rna of killer plasmids of saccharomyces cerevisiae]. | methods for isolation and purification of yeast double spiral rna (dsrna) are described. the most simple method includes reprecipitation of dsrna in solutions of lithium chloride and its interphase distribution in the system of chloroform: isoamilic alcohol: water. preparations with the content (w/w) of dsrna from 30 to 90 per cent were obtained. they possess a high interferon-inducing activity and an antiviral effect on the experimental infection caused by the virus of mouse encephalomyocarditi ... | 1985 | 2986543 |
| a gene activated by growth factors is related to the oncogene v-jun. | we have recently identified by cdna cloning a set of genes that are rapidly activated in cultured mouse cells by protein growth factors. here we report that the nucleotide sequence of a cdna (clone 465) derived from one of these immediate early genes (hereafter called jun-b) encodes a protein homologous to that encoded by the avian sarcoma virus 17 oncogene v-jun. homology between the jun-b and v-jun proteins is in two regions: one near the n terminus and the other at the c terminus. the latter ... | 1988 | 3422745 |
| molecular cloning of cdna for the nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle c proteins: a conserved gene family. | the c proteins, c1 and c2, are major constituents of the heterogeneous nuclear rna (hnrna) ribonucleoprotein (hnrnp) complex in vertebrates. c1 and c2 are antigenically related phosphoproteins that are in contact with hnrna in intact cells and bind to rna tightly in vitro. a cdna clone for the c proteins was isolated by immunological screening of a human lambda gt11 expression vector cdna library with monoclonal antibodies. the lacz-cdna fusion protein is recognized by two different anti-c prote ... | 1986 | 3457372 |
| the nucleotide sequence of a cdna clone containing the entire coding region for mouse x-chromosome-linked phosphoglycerate kinase. | a clone containing cdna for x chromosome-linked phosphoglycerate kinase (pgk-1) was isolated from a mouse myeloma cdna library. the nucleotide (nt) sequence of the cdna has been determined, and the amino acid (aa) sequence of the enzyme thereby deduced. at the nt level, the coding region of mouse pgk cdna has 93% homology with human x-linked cdna and 60% homology with the yeast gene. mouse pgk-1 protein contains 416 aa and is 98%, 96% and 64% homologous with human, horse, and yeast enzyme sequen ... | 1986 | 3542714 |
| mutagenicity studies on tiopronin. | alpha-mercaptopropionylglycine (tiopronin, mucolysin), a drug endowed with an interesting mucolytic activity, was tested for mutagenicity by means of the following in vitro and in vivo tests: mutagenesis on s. typhimurium with and without metabolic activation, genetic mutation on s. pombe p1 with and without metabolic activation, gene conversion on s. cerevisiae d4 with and without metabolic activation, urinary assay in the mouse with s. cerevisiae d4, host mediated assay in the mouse with s. ce ... | 1986 | 3545224 |
| nadph as rate-limiting factor for microsomal metabolism. an alternative and economic nadph-generating system for microsomal mono-oxygenase in in vitro genotoxicity studies. | the effect of nadph supply on enzymatic activity and its stability were investigated with respect to the mono-oxygenase activities of 7-ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erd), dinemorphan n-demethylase (dnd), aminopyrine n-demethylase (apd), 7-ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase (ecd) and p-nitroanisole o-demethylase (p-nad) under incubation conditions for the liver microsomal assay (lma). experiments with s9 liver fractions of mouse (induced with na-phenobarbital and beta-naphthoflavone) and rat (induced w ... | 1987 | 3574321 |
| survival and virulence of copper- and chlorine-stressed yersinia enterocolitica in experimentally infected mice. | the effect of gastric ph on the viability and virulence of yersinia enterocolitica o:8 after exposure to sublethal concentrations of copper and chlorine was determined in mice. viability and injury were assessed with a nonselective tly agar (tryptic soy broth containing lactose, yeast extract, and agar) and two selective media, tlyd agar (tly agar plus sodium deoxycholate) and cin agar (cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin agar). both copper and chlorine caused injury which was manifested by the inabil ... | 1987 | 3662514 |
| analysis of rat natural killer cytotoxic factor (nkcf) produced by rat nk cell lines and the production of a murine monoclonal antibody that neutralizes nkcf. | natural killer cytotoxic factor (nkcf) is produced as a result of the interaction of murine, rat, or human natural killer (nk) cells with nk-susceptible targets. this factor has been linked to the target cell lysis mediated by the nk effector cell. in the present results, culture supernatants from rat large granular lymphocyte (lgl) tumors exhibited nkcf activity which lysed the susceptible targets, mbl-2 and yac-1. nkcf production from these rat tumor lines was spontaneous and was not significa ... | 1987 | 3668253 |
| a chicken-yeast chimeric beta-tubulin protein is incorporated into mouse microtubules in vivo. | the role of divergent primary sequences in restricting tubulin function was tested in vivo by a gene transfection experiment. a chicken-yeast chimeric beta-tubulin dna was introduced into 3t3 cells using the transfection vector psv2. the 5' end of this gene, from chicken, is similar but not identical with that of mouse beta-tubulins; the 3' end, from yeast, contains a carboxyl terminus that is very different from other known beta-tubulin sequences. the chimeric protein is incorporated efficientl ... | 1986 | 3753663 |
| 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 and the regulation of the differentiation and function of macrophages and granulocytes. | 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 (1,25(oh)2d3) exerts a differential inhibitory effect on the formation of granulocyte, granulocyte/macrophage, and macrophage colonies grown from mouse bone marrow precursor cells; 50% inhibition was attained at 1.1, 2.3, and 23 nm 1,25(oh)2d3, respectively. the inhibition of colony formation, as well as phagocyte proliferation in liquid cultures, requires the presence of 1,25(oh)2d3 in the early stages of culture (up to 72 h after culture initiation). 1,25(oh)2d3 induce ... | 1985 | 3839007 |
| cdna cloning and functional expression in yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae of beta-naphthoflavone-induced rabbit liver p-450 lm4 and lm6. | a cdna library was constructed from liver mrna of a beta-naphthoflavone-induced rabbit. two clones plm4-1 and plm6-1 containing 2.2-kbp inserts that hybridized at low stringincy with a mouse p1 p-450 probe were selected. the clone plm4-1 was fully sequenced and found to contain a full-length cdna coding for cytochrome p-450 lm4. partial sequence and restriction mapping made it possible to identify plm6-1 as coding for the major part of cytochrome p-450 lm6. cloned lm4-1 cdna was reformed by dele ... | 1988 | 2847925 |
| v-cbl, an oncogene from a dual-recombinant murine retrovirus that induces early b-lineage lymphomas. | cas ns-1 is an acutely transforming murine retrovirus that induces pre-b and pro-b cell lymphomas. molecular cloning showed it was generated from the ecotropic cas-br-m virus by sequential recombinations with endogenous retroviral sequences and a cellular oncogene. the oncogene sequence shows no homology with known oncogenes but some similarity to the yeast transcriptional activator gcn4. a 100-kda gag-cbl fusion protein, with no detectable kinase activity, is responsible for the cellular transf ... | 1989 | 2784003 |
| suppressive effect of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in vitro on phagocytosis by murine macrophages. | incubation of normal mouse peritoneal cells consisting of over 90% phagocytizing macrophages with delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (thc) resulted in a inhibition of phagocytic function. the thc in a dose-related manner suppressed the percentage of macrophages per culture which ingested yeast and the average number of yeast particles ingested by the phagocytizing macrophages. the vehicle used to suspend the thc in vitro, i.e., dmso, had no detectable effect on macrophage function. suppression of phag ... | 1986 | 3010329 |
| molecular cloning and nucleotide sequences of cdnas specific for rat liver ribosomal proteins s17 and l30. | cdna clones coding for rat liver ribosomal proteins s17 and l30 have been isolated by positive hybridization-translation assay from a cdna library prepared from 8-9s poly(a)+rna from free polysomes of regenerating rat liver. the cdna clone specific for s17 protein (prs17-2) has a 466-bp insert with the poly(a) tail. the complete amino acid (aa) sequence of s17 protein was deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the cdna. s17 protein consists of 134 aa residues with an mr of 15 377. the n-termina ... | 1985 | 3840111 |
| polypeptide structure of dna primase from a yeast dna polymerase-primase complex. | an immunoaffinity chromatographic procedure was developed to purify dna polymerase-dna primase complex from crude soluble extracts of yeast cells. the immunoabsorbent column is made of mouse monoclonal antibody to yeast dna polymerase i covalently linked to protein a-sepharose. purification of the complex involves binding of the complex to the immunoabsorbent column and elution with concentrated mgcl2 solutions. after rebinding to the monoclonal antibody column free primase activity is selective ... | 1985 | 3888995 |
| effect of mycolase and amphotericin b on candida albicans and candida pseudotropicalis in vitro and in vivo. | a mixture of enzymes (mycolase) capable of lysing yeast cell walls was prepared from culture filtrates of physarum polycephalum. the enzymes present in mycolase included chitinase, beta-1,3-glucanases and exo-glycosidases. the ph optima of these enzymes were in the range 3.5-5.0 and they had low activities at ph 7.0. mycolase produced spheroplasts from candida pseudotropicalis and, unlike commercial enzyme preparations such as l1, chitinase, beta, 1,3-glucanase and beta-glucosidase, had some can ... | 1985 | 3895468 |
| studies of human natural killer cytotoxic factor (nkcf): characterization and analysis of its mode of action. | soluble natural killer cytotoxic factors (nkcf) have been detected in the supernatant of normal mouse, rat, and human lymphocytes stimulated in vitro for 1 to 3 days in serum-free medium. stimulation of large granular lymphocytes (lgl) with nk-sensitive targets or mitogens has resulted in high levels of nkcf production. previous studies in the mouse and human systems have analyzed the cells responsible for production, specificity, and general characteristics of nkcf. in the present study, using ... | 1985 | 3898750 |
| photochemotherapy using pyridopsoralens. | aiming to decrease the acute side effects and genotoxic hazards of puva, pyrido (3,4-c) psoralen (pp) and 7-methyl pyrido (3,4-c) psoralen (mpp) were synthesized and studied. their uva maximum absorption lies at 325 and 330 nm, respectively. their photostability is comparable to that of 8-mop. they complex to dna in the dark, and, in the presence of uva, produce only monoadditions to dna, as shown by fluorescence and dna denaturation-renaturation studies. in diploid eukaryotic yeast they are mor ... | 1985 | 3899194 |
| in-vitro killing of candida species by murine immunoeffectors and its relationship to the experimental pathogenicity. | killing of yeast cells of several species of candida by murine phagocytic cells was assessed in vitro by a radiolabel release microassay and measurement of colony forming units. the most effective candidacidal phagocytes, i.e. polymorphonuclear and bone marrow cells, were able to kill equally well cells of any species or isolate tested, given sufficient time (4 h) and an appropriate effector: target ratio. however, c. guilliermondii, c. krusei and c. parapsilosis were killed by polymorphonuclear ... | 1985 | 3906948 |
| virulence of cryptococcus neoformans. regulation of capsule synthesis by carbon dioxide. | cryptococcus neoformans is variably encapsulated in vitro, whereas in tissues it develops a large capsule. we observed that cells of a strain with thin capsules, when growing in a standard fungal culture medium, became heavily encapsulated when incubated in serum-free cell culture medium (dulbecco's modified eagle's medium [dme]). capsule size was quantitated physically by measuring cell volume, and chemically by determining the content of a capsular monosaccharide, glucuronate. the co2/hco-3 co ... | 1985 | 3928681 |
| hv1 is an evolutionarily conserved h2a variant that is preferentially associated with active genes. | polyclonal antibodies to the tetrahymena macronuclear-specific histone variant hv1 cross-react with histone-like molecules from yeast, wheat, and mouse. a novel purification scheme has allowed isolation of sufficient hv1 to enable determination of the sequence of 61 amino-terminal residues as well as 27 additional internal residues. these data clearly demonstrate that hv1 shares a number of conserved sequence elements with the h2a family of histones. comparison of hv1 with h2a.f (= h2a.z = m1), ... | 1986 | 3944120 |
| effect of in vivo administration of different adjuvants on the in vitro candidacidal activity of mouse peritoneal cells. | the candidacidal activity (ca) of peritoneal cells (pc) in vitro was used as a measure of nonspecific microbicidal activity of phagocytes after intraperitoneal injection of mice with different adjuvants. dilutions of pc were incubated with constant numbers of c. parapsilosis in a 96-well culture plate. the pc number causing 50% reduction of yeast colonies formed after 48 hr at 37 degrees c was called 1 ca50 unit. ca was expressed in ca50 units per 10(6) pc. optimal reduction of the number of via ... | 1985 | 3967300 |
| amino acid sequence template useful for alpha-helix-turn-alpha-helix prediction. | necessary stereochemical requirements for an amino acid sequence segment to fold into an alpha-helix-turn-alpha-helix supersecondary structure are presented in sequence template form. the usefulness of the template is illustrated by alpha-helix-turn-alpha-helix predictions consistent with experimental data from the large t antigens of two polyoma viruses, simian virus 40 (segment 143-165) and mouse polyoma virus (segment 297-319), and the yeast transcription activator gcn4 (segment 256-278). | 1988 | 3289965 |
| inhibition of yeast binding to mouse peritoneal macrophages by wheat germ agglutinin: a novel effect of the lectin on phagocytic cells. | the ability of wheat germ agglutinin (wga) to enhance the binding of bacteria and tumor cells to phagocytic cells, and to induce the killing of tumor cells by macrophages and monocytes, is well established. we observed, however, that wga inhibits the binding to and phagocytosis of yeast cells by thioglycolate-elicited murine peritoneal macrophages. in order to follow these processes rapidly, the yeasts were labeled with congo-red and their binding to the macrophages was measured spectrophotometr ... | 1987 | 3318827 |
| homologous genes for mouse 4.5s hybrna are found in all eukaryotes and their low molecular weight rna transcripts intermolecularly hybridize with eukaryotic 18s ribosomal rnas. | previous work has reported the isolation and sequencing of a mouse low molecular weight rna species designated 4.5s hybridizing rna or hybrna because of its ability to intermolecularly hybridize with mouse mrna and 18s rrna sequences. using synthetic dna oligonucleotide probes we have examined the conservation of this gene sequence and its expression as a lmwrna transcript across evolution. southern blot analysis has shown that homologous genes of single or low copy number are found in all eukar ... | 1988 | 3399384 |
| metabolic activation of aryldialkyltriazenes in the mouse: induction of mitotic gene conversion in saccharomyces cerevisiae in the host-mediated assay. | | 1971 | 4947376 |
| the cleavable prepiece of an imported mitochondrial protein is sufficient to direct cytosolic dihydrofolate reductase into the mitochondrial matrix. | the cleavable prepiece of the precursor to yeast cytochrome c oxidase subunit iv (an imported mitochondrial protein) was attached to the amino-terminus of mouse dihydrofolate reductase (a cytosolic protein) by gene fusion. the resulting fusion protein was imported into the matrix of isolated, energized yeast mitochondria and cleaved to a polypeptide whose size was similar to that of authentic dihydrofolate reductase. | 1984 | 6096170 |
| genetic effects of procarbazine in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, strain d4. | procarbazine ( pcz ) was tested for its ability to induce mitotic gene conversions at the ade and trp loci of saccharomyces cerevisiae, strain d4. the influence of the following factors was examined: growth phase of the yeast cells (log vs stationary phase), ph of the treatment solution, and addition of mouse s9 fractions prepared from different organs. the drug was found more toxic and mutagenic at low doses (up to 25 mg/ml) for log phase cells, and scarcely toxic but highly mutagenic, even at ... | 1984 | 6145225 |
| different nucleotide changes in the large rrna gene of the mitochondrial dna confer chloramphenicol resistance on two human cell lines. | the nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) in the region coding for the 3' end of the large rrna has been determined for two human cell lines bearing independent cytoplasmic chloramphenicol-resistant (cap-r) mutations. comparison of the sequences of these two phenotypically different cap-r mutants with their cap-sensitive (cap-s) parental cell lines has revealed a single base change for each in a region which is highly conserved among species. one cap-r mutation is associated with ... | 1981 | 6273808 |
| the role of the mannose/n-acetylglucosamine receptor in the pinocytosis of horseradish peroxidase by mouse peritoneal macrophages. | saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan inhibits the pinocytosis of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) by resident, thioglycollate-,proteose peptone-, and corynebacterium parvum-elicited macrophages from 30 to 70% when 1 mg/ml hrp is used, and 65 to 87% when 250 micrograms/ml hrp is used. in contrast, hrp uptake by j774 cells, a macrophage cell line reported to have little mannose receptor activity, is inhibited only about 25% by mannan. hrp uptake by resident and thioglycollate-elicited (thio) macrophages is ... | 1983 | 6304124 |
| sequence homology and structural similarity between cytochrome b of mitochondrial complex iii and the chloroplast b6-f complex: position of the cytochrome b hemes in the membrane. | the amino acid sequences of cytochrome b of complex iii from five different mitochondrial sources (human, bovine, mouse, yeast, and aspergillus nidulans) and the chloroplast cytochrome b6 from spinach show a high degree of homology. calculation of the distribution of hydrophobic residues with a "hydropathy" function that is conserved in this family of proteins implies that the membrane-folding pattern of the 42-kilodalton (kda) mitochondrial cytochromes involves 8-9 membrane-spanning domains. th ... | 1984 | 6322162 |