Publications

expression and inducibility of drug-metabolizing enzymes in novel murine liver epithelial cell lines and their ability to activate procarcinogens.	four novel nontransformed epithelial cell lines, isolated from fetal or adult mouse liver, were tested: (a) to determine the profile of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes; (b) to evaluate the inducibility of the polysubstrate (cytochrome p-450-dependent) monooxygenase system by various classes of inducers; and (c) to assess the capacity of the cells to metabolize structurally different procarcinogens. with regard to the phase i pathway, the cells expressed various p-450 (class ia, ia2, iib, iie1, i ...	1991	1988092
identification of a cdna encoding a second putative prohormone convertase related to pc2 in att20 cells and islets of langerhans.	pc2 and furin are two recently identified members of a class of mammalian proteins homologous to the yeast precursor processing protease kex2 and the bacterial subtillisins. we have used the polymerase chain reaction to identify and clone a cdna (pc3) from the mouse att20 anterior pituitary cell line that represents an additional member of this growing family of mammalian proteases. pc3 encodes a 753-residue protein that begins with a signal peptide and contains a 292-residue domain closely rela ...	1991	1988934
the human hprt gene on a yeast artificial chromosome is functional when transferred to mouse cells by cell fusion.	a 680-kb yeast artificial chromosome (yac) that contains a functional copy of the human hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene has been isolated. this yac, yhprt, and another yac, yxy837, which contains the 3' end of the hprt gene, have been mapped with restriction enzymes that cleave human dna infrequently. the hprt gene lies near the center of yhprt. fusion of yhprt-containing yeast spheroplasts with mouse l a-9 cells, which are hprt-negative, gives rise to hprt-positive colonies. ...	1991	2037299
properties and applications of human dna repair genes.	the importance of understanding dna repair processes is discussed in terms of the origins of human cancer. several human repair genes have been mapped to specific human chromosomes using somatic cell hybrids. it is noteworthy that 3 of these genes lie in the same region of chromosome 19: genes ercc1 and ercc2, which are involved in nucleotide excision repair, and xrcc1, which is involved in the repair of strand breaks. the genes xrcc1 and ercc2 were cloned from cosmid libraries prepared from dna ...	1991	2011139
role of endogenously derived leukotrienes in the regulation of lysosomal enzyme expression in macrophages exposed to beta 1,3-glucan.	the expression of the lysosomal enzyme hexosaminidase has been shown to be stimulated by the exposure of mouse macrophages to beta 1,3-glucan, a particulate component of yeast cell walls and zymosan particles. exposure of mouse peritoneal macrophages to particulate beta 1,3-glucan (100 micrograms/ml) was also found to stimulate the production of eicosanoids from both the cyclooxygenase (prostaglandin e2) and 5'-lipoxygenase (leukotriene c4) pathways. the objective of this study was to determine ...	1991	1825502
molecular cloning and expression of hsp82 gene of the dimorphic pathogenic fungus histoplasma capsulatum.	we have cloned a nucleotide sequence from histoplasma capsulatum g222b corresponding to a heat inducible hsp82 gene, and determined its entire sequence and the flanking regions. during the temperature-controlled mycelium-to-yeast phase transition the gene is more actively transcribed at 37 degrees c in the temperature tolerant and mouse-virulent g222b strain, while 34 degrees c is the optimum for transcription in the temperature sensitive and mouse-avirulent downs strain.	1992	1581351
the c terminus of the nf-kappa b p50 precursor and an i kappa b isoform contain transcription activation domains.	the p50 subunit of the nf-kappa b transcription complex is derived from the n-terminal half of a larger precursor protein, p105. although a fair amount is known about functions located within the p50 sequences, less is known about the c-terminal half of p105. in this report, we have identified a potent transcription activation domain located in the c terminus of mouse p105. in addition, the i kappa b beta proteins chicken p40 and human mad-3, proteins that are related to the p105 c terminus, str ...	1992	1598203
the mouse homolog to the ras-related yeast gene ypt1 maps on chromosome 11 close to the wobbler (wr) locus.		1992	1643310
the selective isolation of novel cdnas encoded by the regions surrounding the human interleukin 4 and 5 genes.	we have developed modifications to direct cdna selection that allow the rapid and reproducible isolation of low abundance cdnas encoded by large genomic clones. biotinylated, cloned genomic dnas are hybridized in solution with amplifiable cdnas. the genomic clones and attached cdnas are captured on streptavidin coated magnetic beads, the cdnas are eluted and amplified. we have applied this protocol to a 425kb yac that contains the human il4 and il5 genes. after two cycles of enrichment twenty-fo ...	1992	1408833
transmission blocking antibody of the plasmodium falciparum zygote/ookinete surface protein pfs25 also influences sporozoite development.	the plasmodium falciparum zygote/ookinete surface protein, pfs25, persists in the oocyst wall throughout its development. anti-25 kd transmission blocking antibody, given to infected anopheles stephensi or a. gambiae mosquitoes in an additional bloodmeal, 3-6 days after being fed gametocyte infected blood, penetrated the oocyst and reacted with the 25 kd protein within it. this reaction caused a significant reduction in the number of developing sporozoites. mouse serum containing antibodies rais ...	1992	1437237
the mouse enhancer trap locus 1 (etl-1): a novel mammalian gene related to drosophila and yeast transcriptional regulator genes.	a novel mouse gene, enhancer trap locus 1 (etl-1), was identified in close proximity to a lacz enhancer trap integration in the mouse genome showing a specific beta-galactosidase staining pattern during development. in situ analysis revealed a widespread but not ubiquitous expression of etl-1 throughout development with particularly high levels in the central nervous system and epithelial cells. the amino acid sequence of the etl-1 protein deduced from the cdna shows strong similarity, over a st ...	1992	1489724
evidence for a conserved 95-120 kda subunit associated with and essential for activity of v-atpases.	vacuoles purified from saccharomyces cerevisiae bearing the vph1-1 mutation had no detectable bafilomycin-sensitive atpase activity or atp-dependent proton pumping. furthermore, the vacuolar h(+)-atpase (v-atpase) nucleotide binding subunits were no longer associated with vacuolar membranes yet were present at wild-type levels in yeast whole-cell extracts. the vph1 gene was cloned by screening a lambda gt11 expression library with antibodies directed against a 95 kda vacuolar integral membrane p ...	1992	1491220
molecular cloning and structural analysis of genes from zea mays (l.) coding for members of the ras-related ypt gene family.	we have isolated, cloned, and characterized two cdnas from zea mays (l.), denoted yptm1 and yptm2, encoding proteins related to the ypt protein family. amino acid similarity scores with ypt1 from yeast and ypt from mouse are in the range of 70% for yptm1 and 74% for yptm2, respectively, whereas similarities with p21 ras and other ras-related proteins are less than 40%. most amino acid residues showing identity are clustered in the gtp/gdp binding domain. in addition, two cysteine residues close ...	1992	1731354
new yeast actin-like gene required late in the cell cycle.	actin, a major cytoskeletal component of all eukaryotic cells, is one of the most highly conserved proteins. it is involved in various cellular processes such as motility, cytoplasmic streaming, chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. the actin from the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, encoded by the essential act1 gene, is 89% identical to mouse cytoplasmic actin and is involved in the organization and polarized growth of the cell surface. we report here the characterization of act2, a previousl ...	1992	1729653
recombinant repair of diverged dnas: a study of homoeologous chromosomes and mammalian yacs in yeast.	recombinational repair is the means by which dna double-strand breaks (dsbs) are repaired in yeast. dna divergence between chromosomes was shown previously to inhibit repair in diploid g1 cells, resulting in chromosome loss at low nonlethal doses of ionizing radiation. furthermore, 15-20% divergence prevents meiotic recombination between individual pairs of saccharomyces cerevisiae and s. carlsbergensis chromosomes in an otherwise s. cerevisiae background. based on analysis of the efficiency of ...	1992	1495486
[interaction of mrna of the p53 protein gene with ribosomal rna].	by blot hybridization we found that dna fragments of eukaryotic 18 and 28s rrnas bind specifically with mrna. in these experiments the in vitro transcribed mrna of mouse gene p53 was used. in addition we found that both 18 and 28s rrnas were able to form intermolecular complexes with mrnas of several genes 18s rrna-mrna; 28s rrna-mrna, but fail to bind the antisense rnas of the same genes. the experimental data allow to suppose that 18s and 28s rrnas carry several fragments that are complementar ...	1992	1435781
a mouse cdc25-like product enhances the formation of the active gtp complex of human ras p21 and saccharomyces cerevisiae ras2 proteins.	gdp-dissociation stimulators (gdss) are the key element for the regeneration of the active state of ras proteins, but despite intensive investigations, little is so far known about their functional and structural properties, particularly in mammals. a growing number of genes from various organisms have been postulated to encode gdss on the basis of sequence similarity with the saccharomyces cerevisiae cdc25 gene, whose product acts as a gds of ras proteins. however, except for cdc25 and the rela ...	1992	1447167
transcription and replication of animal mitochondrial dnas.	the development of in vitro transcription and replication systems has allowed the identification of promoter sequences and origins of replication for several animal mtdnas. as a consequence, the necessary reagents and basic information are available to permit the characterization of transacting factors that are required for transcription and replication. all of the animal trans-acting species purified at this time are known or reasoned to be nuclear gene products. there is now the opportunity to ...	1992	1452432
targeting sequences of the two major peroxisomal proteins in the methylotrophic yeast hansenula polymorpha.	dihydroxyacetone synthase (das) and methanol oxidase (mox) are the major enzyme constituents of the peroxisomal matrix in the methylotrophic yeast hansenula polymorpha when grown on methanol as a sole carbon source. in order to characterize their topogenic signals the localization of truncated polypeptides and hybrid proteins was analysed in transformed yeast cells by subcellular fractionation and electron microscopy. the c-terminal part of das, when fused to the bacterial beta-lactamase or mous ...	1992	1465101
effect of oral saccharomyces boulardii treatment on the activity of clostridium difficile toxins in mouse digestive tract.	human antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and pseudomembranous colitis are partly due to toxin production by clostridium difficile. it is now well documented that saccharomyces boulardii protects against c. difficile induced diseases. in an attempt to understand better the mechanism of this protective effect, the action of s. boulardii on a crude toxin preparation was studied in vitro and in vivo. the results showed that the yeast had no effect on the toxins in vitro but was able to protect mice ino ...	1992	1488767
yeast transcription factor iid participates in cell-free transcription of a mammalian ribosomal protein tata-less promoter.	we analysed transcription of the gene for the ribosomal protein (rp) l32 of the mouse, which is transcribed in mouse l1210 nuclear extracts in vitro. the rpl32 gene lacks a canonical tata box. hence it has been suggested that this gene has an alternative transcription pathway not requiring transcription factor iid (tfiid). selective inactivation of tfiid in nuclear extract completely abolished the transcription of rpl32 in vitro. selective inactivation was restored by the addition of cloned and ...	1992	1497610
strategies for advancement of short-term mutagenicity tests: on the optimal ionic strength for the liver microsomal assay.	the aim of this work was to optimize the ionic strength (tau) in the liver microsomal assay (lma) in performing short-term genotoxicity tests. tau optimization would increase the sensitivity (i.e. decrease false negatives) and at the same time increase the specificity (decrease false positives). such optimization depends upon the relative activities and stabilities of the liver polysubstrate cytochrome p450- and fad-containing monooxygenase-dependent metabolizing enzymes present in the incubatio ...	1992	1499090
identification of an estrogen response element in the 3'-flanking region of the murine c-fos protooncogene.	we have used transient transfection assays with reporter plasmids expressing chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, linked to regions of mouse c-fos, to identify a specific estrogen response element (ere) in this protooncogene. this element is located in the untranslated 3'-flanking region of the c-fos gene, 5 kilobases (kb) downstream from the c-fos promoter and 1.5 kb downstream of the poly(a) signal. this element confers estrogen responsiveness to chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporters linke ...	1992	1517237
chromosomal localization of a human cdna containing a dids binding domain and demonstrating high homology to yeast omnipotent suppressor 45.	we recently have identified a full-length cdna (tb3-1) from a human adenocarcinoma cell line t84 cdna library that encodes a 47.8-kda protein. tb3-1 shares identity with the putative yeast translation termination factor omnipotent suppressor 45. using human-mouse somatic cell panel analysis, a family of sequences with high homology to the tb3-1 cdna clone were localized to human chromosomes 5, 6, 7, and x. southern analysis of a panel of mammalian and chicken genomic dna demonstrates that tb3-1 ...	1992	1546371
evidence that candida albicans binds via a unique adhesion system on phagocytic cells in the marginal zone of the mouse spleen.	we recently demonstrated by using an ex vivo adhesion assay that candida albicans yeast cells exhibit a unique binding affinity for the marginal zone of the spleen. this binding event provides a working model for studying mechanisms of organ dissemination of the fungus from the blood. by using the ex vivo assays reported here, we showed by bright-field and electron microscopic techniques that mouse spleen marginal zone cells capable of ingesting india ink particles are also involved in yeast cel ...	1992	1563789
gene products that promote mrna turnover in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	we showed previously that the increased rate of mrna turnover associated with premature translational termination in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae requires a functional upf1 gene product. in this study, we show that the upf1 gene codes for a 109-kda primary translation product whose function is not essential for growth. the protein contains a potential zinc-dependent nucleic acid-binding domain and a nucleoside triphosphate-binding domain. a 300-amino-acid segment of the upf1 protein is 36% ...	1992	1569946
elevated expression of the ribosomal protein s2 gene in human tumors.	differential screening of a cdna library was used to isolate genes differentially expressed in a nontumorigenic clone and a ras-transformed variant of the human teratocarcinoma cell line pa-1. the rna transcript for one of the cdna clones that we identified was expressed at a 25-fold higher level in the ras-transformed pa-1 cells than in the nontumorigenic pa-1 cells. dna sequence analysis of this clone showed that it had 86% nucleic acid homology to the mouse llrep3 gene and only differed at a ...	1992	1586449
red blood cells as an antigen-delivery system.	the use of adjuvants is usually required to induce strong immunological responses to protein antigens. however, in many cases these adjuvants cannot be extensively applied in human and veterinary vaccinations because of associated inflammatory reactions or granuloma formation. we show here that protein antigens (bovine serum albumin, hog liver uricase, and yeast hexokinase), coupled to autologous red blood cells by way of a biotin-avidin-biotin bridge, elicit an immunological response in mice si ...	1992	1457052
properties of the nuclear p1 protein, a mammalian homologue of the yeast mcm3 replication protein.	polyclonal antibodies were raised against a multiprotein 'holoenzyme' form of calf thymus dna polymerase alpha-primase and used to probe a human cdna-protein expression library constructed in the lambda gt11 vector. the probe identified a series of cdna clones derived from a 3.2 kb mrna which encodes a novel 105 kda polypeptide, the p1 protein. in intact cells, the p1 protein was specifically associated with the nucleus, and in cell extracts, it was associated with complex forms of dna polymeras ...	1992	1549468
co-operativity of functional domains in the muscle-specific transcription factor myf-5.	myf-5 is a member of a family of muscle-specific transcription factors that activate myogenesis in 10t1/2 fibroblasts. here we report the analysis of myf-5 structural domains that are responsible for its biological activity. site-directed mutagenesis revealed that two clusters of basic amino acids within a conserved basic region and two amphipathic helices within the adjacent hlh domain are essential for sequence-specific dna binding and hetero-oligomerization, respectively. transcriptional acti ...	1992	1582413
cloning and characterization of transcripts showing virulence-related gene expression in naegleria fowleri.	the pathogenic lee strain of naegleria fowleri isolated from human or mouse brain loses pathogenicity when cultured axenically in a nutrient broth. to identify genes differentially expressed in highly virulent versus weakly virulent amoebae, a cdna library was constructed by using mrna from amoebae recovered from a mouse brain. two cdna clones were isolated by differential screening of the library. the transcript homologous to clone nf314 was preferentially expressed in highly virulent cells, wh ...	1992	1587609
the role of the cathepsin d propeptide in sorting to the lysosome.	the propeptides of lysosomal enzymes have been implicated in membrane association and mannose 6-phosphate-independent sorting to the lysosome (rijnboutt, s., aerts, h., geuze, h. j., tager, j. m., and strous, g. j. (1991) j. biol. chem. 266, 4862-4868; mcintyre, g. f., and erickson, a. h. (1991) j. biol. chem. 266, 15438-15445). in this report, the function of the propeptide of procathepsin d in sorting to the lysosome was directly assessed using a cathepsin d deletion mutant lacking the propept ...	1992	1400484
yeast site-specific ribonucleoprotein endoribonuclease mrp contains an rna component homologous to mammalian rnase mrp rna and essential for cell viability.	rnase mrp is a site-specific ribonucleoprotein endoribonuclease that cleaves rna sequence complementary to mammalian mitochondrial origins of replication in a manner consistent with a role in primer rna metabolism. the same activity in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae has recently been identified; it cleaves an rna substrate complementary to a yeast mitochondrial origin of replication at an exact site of linkage of rna to dna. we have purified this yeast enzyme further and detect a single, nov ...	1992	1398074
secretion of alpha-hemolysin by bovine mammary isolates of staphylococcus aureus.	a total of 262 strains of staphylococcus aureus isolated from the mammary gland of dairy cows were examined for the production of alpha-hemolysin. strains were cultured in a liquid medium of casein hydrolysate and yeast extract in an atmosphere of 7% (v/v) co2 in air. the assay consisted of a dot immunoblotting technique employing bacterial culture supernatants and a mouse monoclonal antibody specific for alpha-hemolysin. ninety-four percent (247) of 262 strains were positive for alpha-hemolysin ...	1992	1423065
the vph1 gene encodes a 95-kda integral membrane polypeptide required for in vivo assembly and activity of the yeast vacuolar h(+)-atpase.	yeast vacuolar acidification-defective (vph) mutants were identified using the ph-sensitive fluorescence of 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate (preston, r. a., murphy, r. f., and jones, e. w. (1989) proc. natl. acad. sci. u.s.a. 86, 7027-7031). vacuoles purified from yeast bearing the vph1-1 mutation had no detectable bafilomycin-sensitive atpase activity or atp-dependent proton pumping. the peripherally bound nucleotide-binding subunits of the vacuolar h(+)-atpase (60 and 69 kda) were no longer ass ...	1992	1385813
nuclear and mitochondrial inheritance in yeast depends on novel cytoplasmic structures defined by the mdm1 protein.	the mdml mutation causes temperature-sensitive growth and defective transfer of nuclei and mitochondria into developing buds of yeast cells at the nonpermissive temperature. the mdm1 gene was cloned by complementation, and its sequence revealed an open reading frame encoding a potential protein product of 51.5 kd. this protein displays amino acid sequence similarities to hamster vimentin and mouse epidermal keratin. gene disruption demonstrated that mdm1 is essential for mitotic growth. antibodi ...	1992	1378448
identification of the fourth member of the mammalian endoprotease family homologous to the yeast kex2 protease. its testis-specific expression.	we used the polymerase chain reaction to identify a mouse testis cdna that represented another member of a growing class of mammalian endoproteases involved in the processing of precursor proteins. this cdna encoded a 655-residue protein, designated pc4, containing a bacterial subtilisin-like catalytic domain closely related to those of the recently characterized precursor-processing endoproteases, furin, pc1/pc3, pc2, and kex2. within this domain, the amino acid sequence of pc4 was 70, 58, 55, ...	1992	1372895
the ubiquitous transactivator zfp-38 is upregulated during spermatogenesis with differential transcription.	we describe the complete nucleotide sequence of a full length cdna clone encoding a new mouse zinc finger protein gene, zfp-38 and localize it on chromosome 5 by the interspecific backcross analysis. the n-terminal domain of the zfp-38 protein (64 kda) contains 358 amino acids and the c-terminal domain of 197 residues encodes 7 zinc fingers. we also present evidence that zfp-38 is a strong transcriptional activator. the transactivation domain was localized in the non finger region and a fusion p ...	1992	1284028
identification of the antibiotic hops component, colupulone, as an inducer of hepatic cytochrome p-4503a in the mouse.	a higher level of cytochrome p-450 (p450)-dependent ethylmorphine (em) n-demethylase activity was observed in hepatic microsomes from mice fed a natural-ingredient diet ("crude diet") than in those from mice fed a semi-purified diet ("purified diet"). this led to the testing of individual ingredients of the crude diet as inducers of the p-450 system. brewers yeast proved to be the most significant inductive component of the crude diet. further investigation revealed that hop components (lupulone ...	1992	1352202
functional complementation of yeast ste6 by a mammalian multidrug resistance mdr gene.	multidrug resistance in mammalian tumor cells is associated with the overexpression of mdr genes encoding p-glycoproteins, which function as drug efflux pumps. a yeast homolog of mdr, ste6, mediates export of a-factor mating peptide. yeast mata cells carrying a ste6 deletion produce no extracellular a-factor and therefore are defective in mating. expression of a complementary dna for the mouse mdr3 gene in a yeast ste6 deletion strain restored ability to export a-factor and to mate. a mutation ( ...	1992	1348873
okadaic acid and p13suc1 modulate the reinitiation of meiosis in mouse oocytes.	short-term exposure to okadaic acid (oa), a specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2a, induced resumption of meiosis, including metaphase spindle formation, in mouse oocytes treated with a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, while long incubations with oa arrested oocyte maturation at a step prior to spindle formation. to explore the basis for this difference, the overall patterns of protein synthesis and phosphorylation and the production of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tpa), the synth ...	1992	1333241
competitive elisa for serodiagnosis of bluetongue: evaluation of group-specific monoclonal antibodies and expressed vp7 antigen.	the performance of 2 competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (c-elisa) was compared with the reference c-elisa i for the detection of antibodies to bluetongue virus (btv). one of the assays (c-elisa ii) used a group-specific monoclonal antibody (mab) to btv, obtained from the american type culture collection (8a3b-6) and tissue culture (tc)-derived btv antigen (ag), and the other assay (c-elisa iii) used btv core protein vp7 (expressed in yeast) and the reference mab (pirbright laboratory ...	1992	1325189
a mouse cdc25 homolog is differentially and developmentally expressed.	the timing and activation of the p34cdc2 kinase in mammals is associated with dephosphorylation of phosphotyrosine and phosphothreonine residues on the p34cdc2 kinase. for fission yeast, the timing of mitosis is regulated by cyclic accumulation of cdc25, which promotes dephosphorylation of p34cdc2 and concomitant protein kinase activation. we report the identification and characterization of a structural and functional mouse homolog, cdc25m2, of the cdc25 phosphatase. cdc25m2 shows high sequence ...	1992	1313771
mouse mammary tumor gene int-3: a member of the notch gene family transforms mammary epithelial cells.	expression of a 2.3-kb rna species is induced in mammary tumors as a consequence of insertional mutagenesis at the int-3 locus by the mouse mammary tumor virus. the nucleotide sequence and biological activity of this mammary tumor-specific int-3 rna species were determined. it contains an open reading frame which encodes a 57-kda protein. the translated protein possesses six nearly contiguous 32-amino-acid repeats which are related to a similar motif in the saccharomyces cerevisiae cdc-10-encode ...	1992	1312643
effect of lectins on hepatic clearance and killing of candida albicans by the isolated perfused mouse liver.	the isolated perfused mouse liver model was used to study the effects of various lectins on hepatic trapping and killing of candida albicans. after mouse livers were washed with 20 to 30 ml of perfusion buffer, 10(6) c. albicans cfu were infused into the livers. at the time of recovery, 63% +/- 2% (mean +/- standard error of the mean) of the infused c. albicans cfu were recovered from the liver and 14% +/- 1% were recovered from the effluent for a total recovery of 77% +/- 2%. this indicated tha ...	1992	1541519
epitope mapping and accessibility of immunodominant regions of yeast plasma membrane h(+)-atpase.	immunodominant regions of yeast plasma membrane h(+)-atpase have been mapped by two different approaches. a rabbit polyclonal antibody was used to screen a library of random fragments of the atpase gene in a bacterial expression plasmid. in addition, the epitopes recognized by a panel of mouse monoclonal antibodies against the atpase were mapped by reactions with defined fragments of the enzyme expressed in escherichia coli. both methodologies indicated that two regions within the amino-terminal ...	1993	7681777
chemical definition of an epitope/adhesin molecule on candida albicans.	an antigen (ag), as defined by reactivity with a monoclonal antibody (mab 10g), was found on the cell wall surface and on the plasma membrane of candida albicans yeast cells (li, r. k., and cutler, j. e. (1991) j. gen. microbiol. 137, 455-464). the 10g ag from the cell surface location was solubilized by treatment with beta-mercaptoethanol and zymolyase. antigenic activity of the extract was lost following periodate oxidation, but was stable to proteolytic enzyme and heat treatments. mannoprotei ...	1993	7688744
secondary structure of rnase mrp rna as predicted by phylogenetic comparison.	rnase mrp is a ribonucleoprotein endoribonuclease that has been shown to cleave mitochondrial primer rna sequences from a variety of sources. the bulk of rnase mrp activity is found in the nucleus where its function remains unknown. two different approaches have resulted in predictions of distinct secondary structures for rnase mrp rna. in order to analyze more definitively the higher-order structure of rnase mrp rna, we have conducted a phylogenetic comparison of the available rnase mrp rna seq ...	1993	7678563
[neurocryptococcosis caused by nonencapsulated cryptococcus neoformans].	the case of a patient with meningoencephafalitis due to a nonencapsulated strain of cryptococcus neoformans is reported; he had no risk factors for the disease or aids. clinical examination showed a chronic meningoencephalitis first diagnosed as tuberculosis. in the second cerebrospinal fluid (csf) examination after a week from admission yeasts appeared inside macrophage cells. csf culture in sabouraud medium disclosed nonencapsulated cryptococcus neoformans (biochemical identification). sample ...	1993	8297248
cell transformation by ras and regulation of its protein product.	we are studying the biological activity and regulation of mammalian ras protein in tumours and in physiological signalling. we have shown that gap (the gtpase-activating protein) is a potent negative regulator of normal ras in cells. reduction or loss of the nf1 gene product neurofibromin, in association with genetic abnormalities of the nf1 locus, has been identified in schwannoma cell lines from patients with neurofibromatosis and in melanoma and neuroblastoma lines from patients without neuro ...	1993	8299427
the deduced sequence of the novel protransglutaminase e (tgase3) of human and mouse.	at least three transglutaminases are involved in terminal differentiation events in the epidermis and its derivatives, such as the hair follicle, presumably in cross-linking structural proteins and in the formation of the cornified cell envelope. of these, only the transglutaminase 3 is a proenzyme, requiring activation by proteolytic cleavage, and is the least understood. using oligonucleotides designed from the amino acid sequences of peptides of the guinea pig enzyme, we amplified mrna and de ...	1993	8099584
isolation and characterization of aap1. a gene encoding an alanine/arginine aminopeptidase in yeast.	the yeast aap1 gene, encoding a putative amino-peptidase, was isolated based on its ability to suppress the temperature-sensitive growth on nonfermentable carbon sources of spr5, a stationary phase regulatory mutant. aap1 was physically mapped to chromosome viii between put2 and cup1. sequence analysis of the aap1 gene showed a 1581-nucleotide open reading frame capable of encoding a 59-kilodalton protein. the protein encoded by this open reading frame exhibits approximately 40% sequence identit ...	1993	8100228
isolation of a putative transcriptional regulator from the region of 22q11 deleted in digeorge syndrome, shprintzen syndrome and familial congenital heart disease.	a wide spectrum of birth defects are caused by deletions of the digeorge syndrome critical region (dgcr) at human chromosome 22q11. over one hundred such deletions have now been examined and a minimally deleted region of 300kb defined. within these sequences we have identified a gene expressed during human and murine embryogenesis. the gene, named tuple1, and its murine homologue, encodes a protein containing repeated motifs similar to the wd40 domains found in the beta-transducin/enhancer of sp ...	1993	8111380
differential host susceptibility to intracerebral infections with candida albicans and cryptococcus neoformans.	to investigate the immune defense mechanisms employed against fungi in the brain, mice were experimentally infected by intracerebral inoculation of candida albicans or cryptococcus neoformans. parameters such as median survival time and numbers of yeast cells in the brains were assessed for naive and immunomodulated mice. we found that no mice survived either c. albicans or c. neoformans challenge at doses of > or = 10(6) yeast cells per mouse. however, when the inoculum size was decreased (< or ...	1993	8335378
molecular cloning and developmental expression of the alpha-2 tubulin gene of caenorhabditis elegans.	alpha tubulin isotypes are encoded by at least four genes designated alpha-1 to alpha-4 in the nematode caenorhabditis elegans. we describe here, molecular cloning of the alpha-2 tubulin gene, located on chromosome i, that encodes a protein of 449 amino acids that has high homology to human, mouse and drosophila alpha tubulins, but relatively lower homology to the yeast alpha tubulins. the alpha-2 tubulin gene is trans-spliced to the sl1 leader sequence. northern analysis shows that the gene is ...	1993	8263934
bay x1005, a new inhibitor of leukotriene synthesis: in vivo inflammation pharmacology and pharmacokinetics.	(r)-2-[4-(quinolin-2-yl-methoxy)phenyl]-2-cyclopentyl acetic acid) (bay x1005) is an orally active inhibitor of the synthesis of the leukotrienes b4 and c4 in selected animal models that effectively reduces the vascular phenomena of inflammation, i.e., edema formation and leukocyte immigration. the arachidonic acid-induced mouse ear inflammation test allowed the evaluation of the antiedematous effects of bay x1005 after topical (ed50, 18 micrograms/ear) and oral (ed50, 48.7 mg/kg) administration ...	1993	8229782
isolation and purification of aeromonas sobria cytotonic enterotoxin and beta-haemolysin.	aeromonas sp., grown in tryptone soya broth supplemented with yeast extract, 0.6%, ph 7.5, and incubated with agitation at 100 oscillations/min for 15 h at 37 degrees c produced optimal amounts of beta-haemolysin and cytotonic enterotoxin. more prolonged incubation resulted in the loss of enterotoxic activity and anion exchange chromatographic analysis indicated the presence of a moiety capable of breaking down the toxin. anion exchange fast protein liquid chromatography resulted in a single pea ...	1993	8384263
puromycin inhibits protein import into mitochondria by interfering with an intramitochondrial atp-dependent reaction.	we have performed experiments which demonstrate that puromycin inhibits the import of proteins into mitochondria in in vitro reactions containing mitochondria isolated from the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and precursor proteins synthesized in a nuclease-treated rabbit reticulocyte lysate. puromycin inhibited the import of several precursor proteins including; a fusion protein consisting of the first 22 n-terminal residues of yeast cytochrome oxidase subunit iv fused to mouse dihydrofolate red ...	1993	8334141
linking yeast genetics to mammalian genomes: identification and mapping of the human homolog of cdc27 via the expressed sequence tag (est) data base.	we describe a strategy for quickly identifying and positionally mapping human homologs of yeast genes to cross-reference the biological and genetic information known about yeast genes to mammalian chromosomal maps. optimized computer search methods have been developed to scan the rapidly expanding expressed sequence tag (est) data base to find human open reading frames related to yeast protein sequence queries. these methods take advantage of the newly developed blosum scoring matrices and the q ...	1993	8234252
dose-dependent effects of hydatid fluid toxins from echinococcus granulosus on mouse peritoneal macrophages.	hydatid fluid (hf) from hydatid cysts of the cestode echinococcus granulosus inhibited the phagocytosis of bacteria and yeast cells by host macrophages in vitro. different assays were used to study the dose-dependent effect of partially purified hf toxins on peritoneal macrophages (pm phi) of the mouse. trypan blue exclusion, as well as measuring the specific release of lactate dehydrogenase activity and 51cr release of 51cr-labelled pm phi, showed that incubation with hf toxins lead to the lysi ...	1993	8244205
recovery of transcriptionally active chromatin restriction fragments by binding to organomercurial-agarose magnetic beads. a rapid and sensitive method for monitoring changes in higher order chromatin structure during gene activation and repression.	the unfolding of nucleosomes along transcriptionally active dna sequences uncovers previously shielded cysteinyl-thiol groups of histone h3 molecules located at the center of the nucleosome core. this change in conformation and sh reactivity of nucleosomes along transcribed dna sequences makes it possible to separate active from inactive nucleosomes by mercury affinity chromatography. the binding of thiol-reactive nucleosomes to an organomercurial-agarose column has been shown previously to refl ...	1993	8226865
dna-binding properties and secondary structural model of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 3/fork head domain.	an 84-amino acid segment of qrf-1 [glutamine (q)-rich factor 1], a newly cloned, b-cell-derived dna-binding protein, shows significant sequence homology with the dna-binding domains of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 3/fork head family of proteins. here we demonstrate that this 84-amino acid domain is necessary and sufficient for dna binding. we also propose a secondary structural model for the domain. at the n-terminal portion of the model, a basic hook structure is followed by two amphipathic he ...	1993	8265594
introduction and expression of the 400 kilobase amyloid precursor protein gene in transgenic mice [corrected].	overexpression of the gene encoding the beta-amyloid precursor protein (app) may have a key role in the pathogenesis of both alzheimer's disease (ad) and down syndrome (ds). we have therefore introduced a 650 kilobase (kb) yeast artificial chromosome (yac) that contains the entire, unrearranged 400 kb human app gene into mouse embryonic stem (es) cells by lipid-mediated transfection. es lines were generated that contain a stably integrated, unrearranged human app gene. moreover, we demonstrate g ...	1993	8220418
properties and intracellular localization of phosphatidylinositol transfer protein in swiss mouse 3t3 cells.		1993	8359474
mutations of a muts homolog in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer.	recent studies have shown that a locus responsible for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (hnpcc) is on chromosome 2p and that tumors developing in these patients contain alterations in microsatellite sequences (rer+ phenotype). we have used chromosome microdissection to obtain highly polymorphic markers from chromosome 2p16. these and other markers were ordered in a panel of somatic cell hybrids and used to define a 0.8 mb interval containing the hnpcc locus. candidate genes were then ma ...	1993	8261515
identification of an isoform with an extremely large cys-rich region of pc6, a kex2-like processing endoprotease.	in the previous study [1993, j. biochem. (tokyo) 113, 132-135] we identified pc6, a member of the kex2 family of processing endoproteases. in this study, we identified another cdna encoding an isoform of pc6, and designated it as pc6b and redesignated the originally identified pc6 as pc6a. pc6b had a very large cys-rich region consisting of 22-times repeats of a cys-rich motif, and a putative transmembrane domain which is not present in pc6a. a pc6b transcript was found mainly in the intestine, ...	1993	8335106
binding of candida albicans yeast cells to mouse popliteal lymph node tissue is mediated by macrophages.	we previously reported that candida albicans yeast cells adhere to the macrophage-rich medullary and subcapsular sinus areas of mouse lymph node tissue. to determine whether the yeast cell-lymph node interaction is mediated by macrophages, the effect of specific elimination of macrophages on yeast cell binding was studied, and yeast cell adherence was correlated with the ingestion of india ink by lymph node cells. macrophage elimination was done by use of liposome-containing dichloromethylene di ...	1993	8335357
coupling of cytosolic protein synthesis and mitochondrial protein import in yeast. evidence for cotranslational import in vivo.	we have utilized a homologous cell-free mitochondrial protein import system derived from the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, in addition to performing a series of in vivo experiments in yeast, to investigate the coupling between cytosolic protein synthesis and protein transport into mitochondria. we found that the import of bulk mitochondrial proteins was inhibited in both the homologous in vitro reaction and in vivo upon arrest of cytosolic protein synthesis with the addition of cycloheximide. ...	1993	8380582
the expression of human relaxin in yeast.	the chemically synthesized dna-coding sequence for an artificial single chain human relaxin consisting of a b chain, an arg-arg-glu-phe-lys-arg-connecting peptide, followed by the a chain, was used to construct two plasmids which were introduced into saccharomyces cerevisiae. expression of the relaxin-coding sequence was under the control of either the yeast tdh3 promoter or the cup1 promoter. the yeast alpha-factor signal sequence was used to direct the protein into the secretory path, and the ...	1993	8382033
analysis of glyoxalase-i from normal and tumor tissue from human colon.	glyoxalase-i (gly-i) is part of the glyoxalase system which converts methylglyoxal to d-lactic acid via an s-d-lactoylglutathione intermediate. this glutathione (gsh)-binding protein was purified from human colon tumors and corresponding normal tissue. the gsh-affinity purified fraction from normal human colon tissue showed enzyme activity of 30.6 +/- 11.5 mumol/min per mg protein, with methylglyoxal as substrate. corresponding fractions from carcinomas showed significantly elevated gly-i activi ...	1993	8399366
tandem linkage of genes coding for leukemia inhibitory factor (lif) and oncostatin m (osm) on human chromosome 22.	leukemia-inhibitory factor (lif) and oncostatin m (osm) are members of a family of structurally similar growth factors presenting overlapping and specific functions. although the genes coding for il-6, csf3 and cntf are scattered in the human and mouse genome, human lif and osm genes have conserved synteny in the course of evolution. through isolation of a yac and a cosmid clone containing both lif and osm we demonstrate that the two genes are linked in tandem on human chromosome 22q12, separate ...	1993	8404048
enzymic characterization of murine and human prohormone convertase-1 (mpc1 and hpc1) expressed in mammalian gh4c1 cells.	prohormone convertase-1 (pc1), an endopeptidase that is structurally related to the yeast subtilisin-like kex2 gene product, has been proposed to be involved in mammalian tissue-specific prohormone processing at pairs of basic residues. to better study this enzyme, a rat somatomammotroph cell line, gh4c1, was infected with vaccinia virus recombinants of murine pc1 (mpc1) and human pc1 (hpc1). an enzymically active form of each protein was secreted into the cell medium and partially purified by a ...	1993	8318017
germ-line transmission and developmental regulation of a 150-kb yeast artificial chromosome containing the human beta-globin locus in transgenic mice.	sequential expression of the genes of the human beta-globin locus requires the formation of an erythroid-specific chromatin domain spanning > 200 kb. regulation of this gene family involves both local interactions with proximal cis-acting sequences and long-range interactions with control elements upstream of the locus. to make it possible to analyze the interactions of cis-acting sequences of the human beta-globin locus in their normal spatial and sequence context, we characterized two yeast ar ...	1993	8248258
molecular cloning and sequence analysis of u3 snorna-associated mouse fibrillarin.	we have isolated and determined the sequence of a 1.1-kb cdna from a murine wehi-3 macrophage library which encodes the highly conserved, nucleolar protein, fibrillarin. the murine fibrillarin protein sequence displays 94.2% identity with human fibrillarin, 82.9% identity with amphibian fibrillarin and 74.0% identity with the yeast fibrillarin homolog, nop1. immunoprecipitation showed that anti-fibrillarin autoantibodies from human scleroderma sera and the monoclonal autoantibody 72b9 recognize ...	1993	8218401
dispensable sequence motifs in the rag-1 and rag-2 genes for plasmid v(d)j recombination.	as a probe of whether rag-1 and rag-2 gene products activate other genes or form part of the recombinase itself, certain mutants of the rag genes were assayed for their ability to activate variable-diversity-joining region [v(d)j] recombination in a plasmid substrate in fibroblasts. the results indicate that the n-terminal one-third of rag-1, including a zinc-finger-like domain, and an acidic domain of rag-2 are dispensable for activating v(d)j recombination in a fibroblast, although they contri ...	1993	8327489
the etl-1 gene encodes a nuclear protein differentially expressed during early mouse development.	recently, we isolated a novel mouse gene, etl-1 (enhancer-trap-locus-1), whose deduced amino acid sequence shows in its c-terminal portion striking homology to the brahma protein (brm), a transcriptional regulator of homeotic genes in drosophila, and to snf2/swi2, a transcriptional regulator of various genes in saccharomyces cerevisiae. here we report the generation of antibodies against the etl-1 gene product (etl-1) and describe the subcellular localization as well as the expression and distri ...	1993	8219362
rars and rxrs: evidence for two autonomous transactivation functions (af-1 and af-2) and heterodimerization in vivo.	we have previously reported that the ab regions of retinoic acid receptors (rars and rxrs) contain a transcriptional activation function capable of modulating the activity of the ligand-dependent activation function present in the c-terminal de regions of these receptors. however, we could not demonstrate that these ab regions possess an autonomous activation function similar to the af-1s found in the ab regions of steroid hormone receptors. using the mouse crbpii promoter as a reporter gene, we ...	1993	8389696
comparative mapping on the mouse and human x chromosomes of a human cdna clone encoding the vasopressin renal-type receptor (avp2r).	mutations in the gene for the human renal-type vasopressin receptor (v2r) have recently been identified in patients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (ndi). both v2r and ndi have been independently mapped to xq28. using a combination of genetic and physical mapping, we have localized the murine v2r locus to within 100 kb of l1cam on the mouse x chromosome in a region syntenic with human xq28. based on conserved gene order of mouse and human loci in this region, physical mapping using dna deriv ...	1993	8449515
purification and characterization of the prohormone convertase pc1(pc3).	the prohormone convertases pc1 (also known as pc3) and pc2 have been implicated in the biosynthesis of several polypeptide hormones and neuropeptides. in order to understand the regulation and the cell biology of prohormone cleavage, we have purified recombinant mouse pc1 from the conditioned medium of overexpressing chinese hamster ovary cells. recombinant pc1 was found to be an 87-kda calcium-dependent proteinase with an inhibitor profile similar to that of kex2 and furin. however, unlike furi ...	1993	8449925
clustered organization of homologous krab zinc-finger genes with enhanced expression in human t lymphoid cells.	krab zinc-finger proteins (krab-zfps) constitute a large subfamily of zfps of the krüppel c2h2 type. krab (krüppel-associated box) is an evolutionarily conserved protein domain found n-terminally with respect to the finger repeats. we report here the characterization of a particular subgroup of highly related human krab-zfps. znf91 is one representative of this subgroup and contains 35 contiguous finger repeats at its c-terminus. three mrna isoforms with sequence identity to znf91 were isolated ...	1993	8467795
interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 inhibit nitric oxide-dependent macrophage killing of candida albicans.	mouse peritoneal and splenic macrophages treated with interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and infected with the yeast candida albicans expressed high fungicidal activity in vitro that correlated with increased nitrite concentrations in culture supernatants. both effects were reduced by an inhibitor of nitric oxide (no) synthesis which, in vivo, impaired the animals' ability to mount a footpad reaction and clear the fungus from infected organs. because t helper type-2 (th2) cytokines in candidiasis are ...	1993	8477799
site-directed mutagenesis of mouse steroid 7 alpha-hydroxylase (cytochrome p-450(7) alpha): role of residue-209 in determining steroid-cytochrome p-450 interaction.	we have cloned a cdna encoding mouse steroid 7 alpha-hydroxylase p450(7) alpha (cytochrome p-450(7) alpha) and expressed it in saccharomyces cerevisiae. mouse p450(7) alpha is 70% identical in its amino acid sequence with the mouse steroid 15 alpha-hydroxylase p450(15) alpha (2a4). the leu at position 209 of p450(15) alpha is the most important residue to determine the steroid hydroxylase activity of the p450 [lindberg and negishi (1989) nature (london) 339, 632-634]. the p450(7) alpha contains ...	1993	8484736
is epimorphin involved in vesicular transport?		1993	8490959
epimorphin is related to a new class of neuronal and yeast vesicle targeting proteins.		1993	8493722
isolation of avirulent clones of candida albicans with reduced ability to recognize the cr2 ligand c3d.	four clones of the yeast candida albicans, isolated on the basis of their tolerance to clotrimazole, were compared with their parental strains in terms of growth, morphology, virulence, and cell surface complement receptor activity. in a newly described synthetic medium, these clones, designated c1, c2, n, and p, produced germ tubes or pseudohyphae, but no true hyphae, in a pattern which was specific for each strain. the growth of each clone at 37 degrees c, under conditions which favor the fila ...	1993	8500905
sequence of a cdna encoding wheat eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor 4a.	a cdna encoding wheat translation initiation factor 4a (eif-4a) was isolated from a wheat cdna library and sequenced. the deduced wheat eif-4a amino acid sequence from the cdna is compared to eif-4a from arabidopsis thaliana, tobacco, mouse and saccharomyces cerevisiae. putative rna helicase motifs, and putative atp-binding and hydrolysis sites are identified.	1993	8406026
localization of kex2-like processing endoproteases, furin and pc4, within mouse testis by in situ hybridization.	by in situ hybridization analysis, we show here the localization of furin and pc4, which are both members of a growing family of endoproteases structurally related to the yeast precursor processing protease kex2, within mouse testis. furin transcript was detected in both germ and somatic cells, while pc4 transcript was found only in round spermatids. proenkephalin transcript was also localized in round spermatids. these observations suggest that, within testis, pc4 is involved in processing of p ...	1993	8422932
cloning and characterization of eagi yacs from human chromosome 21.	yeast artificial chromosomes (yacs) were made from a total eagi digest of dna from a mouse-human chromosome 21 hybrid cell line. approximately 3750 yacs, corresponding to 75-125 human yacs, with an average size of approximately 100 kb were recovered. southern hybridization indicates that the chimera frequency in this library may be less than 3%. thirty-four of the human eagi yacs were regionally assigned by a number of methods. some yacs were regionally assigned to one of six chromosome regions ...	1993	8432544
patterns of mitochondrial sorting in yeast zygotes.	inheritance of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) in saccharomyces cerevisiae is usually biparental. pedigree studies of zygotic first buds indicate limited mixing of wild-type (p+) parental mtdnas: end buds are frequently homoplasmic for one parental mtdna, while heteroplasmic and recombinant progeny usually arise from medial buds. in crosses involving certain petites, however, mitochondrial inheritance can be uniparental. in this study we show that mitochondrial sorting can be influenced by the parenta ...	1993	8443407
enhanced in vivo monooxygenase activities of mammalian p450s in engineered yeast cells producing high levels of nadph-p450 reductase and human cytochrome b5.	we have engineered yeast genomic dna to construct a set of strains producing various relative amounts of yeast nadph-p450 reductase (yred) and human cytochrome b5 (hb5). expression of cdnas encoding human p450 1a1, 1a2, 3a4, 19a and mouse p450 1a1 in the different oxido-reduction backgrounds thus constituted were achieved after strain transformation by plasmid-based p450-encoding expression cassettes. the results indicate that the level of yred strongly affects all activities tested. in contrast ...	1993	8449412
purification and properties of transgelin: a transformation and shape change sensitive actin-gelling protein.	we have purified the transformation and shape change sensitive isoform of an actin associated polypeptide doublet previously described by us (shapland, c., p. lowings, and d. lawson. 1988. j. cell biol. 107:153-161) and have shown that it is evolutionarily conserved as far back as yeast. the purified protein: (a) binds directly to actin filaments at a ratio of 1:6 actin monomers, with a binding constant (ka) of approximately 7.5 x 10(5) m-1; and (b) causes actin filament gelation within 2 min. a ...	1993	8501116
the yeast gene msh3 defines a new class of eukaryotic muts homologues.	we have identified a gene in saccharomyces cerevisiae, msh3, whose predicted protein product shares extensive sequence similarity with bacterial proteins involved in dna mismatch repair as well as with the predicted protein product of the rep-3 gene of mouse. msh3 was obtained by performing a polymerase chain reaction on yeast genomic dna using degenerate oligonucleotide primers designed to anneal with the most conserved regions of a gene that would be homologous to rep-3 and salmonella typhimur ...	1993	8510668
secretion of mouse alpha-amylase from fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe: presence of chymostatin-sensitive protease activity in the culture medium.	we have constructed two secretion vectors for schizosaccharomyces pombe using an sv40 promoter and the secretion signals of the pgkl killer toxin complex derived from kluyveromyces lactis. although indigenous secretory glycoproteins tend to accumulate in the periplasmic space of s. pombe, we have succeeded in the secretion of mouse alpha-amylase into the culture medium. the efficiency of secretion, processing pattern, stability and culture conditions for mouse alpha-amylase were studied in s. po ...	1993	8511968
the hmg box-containing nucleolar transcription factor ubf interacts with a specific subunit of rna polymerase i.	the mammalian transcription activator protein ubf contains five tandemly repeated hmg homology domains which are required for dna binding. we have used highly purified rna polymerase i (pol i) and upstream binding factor (ubf) and investigated whether these two proteins interact in solution. we show by a variety of different experimental approaches, such as immunoprecipitation, glycerol gradient sedimentation, affinity chromatography and protein blotting, that ubf physically associates with pol ...	1994	8306961
the ph-dependent membrane association of procathepsin l is mediated by a 9-residue sequence within the propeptide.	the lysosomal proprotease procathepsin l binds to mouse fibroblast microsomal membranes at ph 5, but mature active cathepsin l does not (mcintyre, g.f., and erickson, a. h. (1991) j. biol. chem. 266, 15438-15445). this binding is not dependent on n-linked carbohydrate as procathepsin l synthesized in cells treated with tunicamycin still shows ph-dependent membrane association. these results suggest that the propeptide (thr18-lys113) of the cysteine protease mediates its ph-dependent membrane ass ...	1994	8276852
rheb, a growth factor- and synaptic activity-regulated gene, encodes a novel ras-related protein.	neuronal activity results in long term cellular changes that underlie normal brain development and synaptic plasticity. to examine the molecular basis of activity-dependent plasticity, we have used differential cloning techniques to identify genes that are rapidly induced in brain neurons by synaptic activity. here we describe an inducible novel member of the ras family of small gtp-binding proteins we have termed rheb. rheb mrna is rapidly and transiently induced in hippocampal granule cells by ...	1994	8206940
a murine homolog of the yeast rna1 gene is required for postimplantation development.	a gene has been characterized that is required for postimplantation mouse development. the gene, designated fug1, was disrupted in embryonic stem cells by the u3neo gene trap retrovirus, and the disrupted allele was introduced into the germ line. homozygous mutant embryos arrest at the egg cylinder stage at about embryonic day 6 and are mostly resorbed by day 8.5. the appearance of the proamniotic cavity is delayed, and epiblast cells that surround the cavity are disorganized. fug1 transcripts a ...	1994	8314081
structure, function, and chromosome mapping of the growth-suppressing human homologue of the murine gas1 gene.	we describe the isolation, growth-suppressing activity, and chromosomal localization of the human homologue of the murine growth-arrest-specific gene gas1. overexpression of h-gas1 is able to block cell proliferation in the a549 lung carcinoma and the t24 bladder carcinoma cell lines. no effect was observed when h-gas1 was introduced into the osteosarcoma cell line saos-2 and into the adenovirus-type-5 transformed cell line 293. this finding is related to our previous evidence that simian virus ...	1994	8127893
differential expression and tissue distribution of type i and type ii neurofibromins during mouse fetal development.	mutations in the nf1 gene may cause developmental abnormalities and the formation of a variety of tumors of neural crest origin in humans. the nf1 gene codes for a large protein, neurofibromin (nf), which is structurally and functionally related to yeast and human ras-gtpase-activating proteins (ras-gaps). recently, two transcripts coding for type i and type ii nf with different ras-gap activity have been identified. since ras proteins do not appear to be significantly regulated during mouse dev ...	1994	8314000
functional analysis of mouse hoxa-7 in saccharomyces cerevisiae: sequences outside the homeodomain base contact zone influence binding and activation.	the murine developmental control gene product, hoxa-7, was shown to function as a dna-binding transactivator in saccharomyces cerevisiae. the importance of the atta core, the preference for antp class flanking nucleotides, the importance of asn-51 of the homeodomain (hd), and the synergism of multiple binding sites all reflect properties that have previously been described for hom or hox proteins in tissue culture systems. a comparison of contact positions among genes of paralog groups and class ...	1994	8264592