| presence of yersinia enterocolitica in tissues of orally-inoculated pigs and the tonsils and feces of pigs at slaughter. | in order to study the early events associated with infection of swine by yersinia enterocolitica, 42 five-week-old crossbred piglets were inoculated per os with approximately 10(8) y. enterocolitica o:3. groups of 5 animals (and one negative control) were euthanized 30 min, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h following the infection. palatine tonsils, retropharyngeal and mesenteric lymph nodes, esophagus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum (and peyer's patches), stomach, liver, spleen and feces (from colon) were co ... | 1999 | 10369565 |
| yersinia enterocolitica: overview and epidemiologic correlates. | yersinia enterocolitica comprises both pathogenic and nonpathogenic members. distinguished by biogrouping, serogrouping, and ecological distribution, commonly occurring pathogenic serobiogroups, e.g., o:3/4; o:5,27/2; o:8/1b; o:9/2, possess both chromosomal and plasmid-mediated virulence traits. studies have revealed several (oral, blood transfusion) modes of acquisition, elucidated the putative role of chromosomal and plasmid-encoded virulence factors in the pathogenesis of human infection, and ... | 1999 | 10602666 |
| factors related to the carriage of verocytotoxigenic e. coli, salmonella, thermophilic campylobacter and yersinia enterocolitica in cattle, sheep and pigs at slaughter. | a 12-month abattoir study was undertaken from january 2003. we collected 7492 intestinal samples from cattle, sheep and pigs at slaughter. rectal samples were taken from cattle and sheep and caecal samples from pigs. they were examined for verocytotoxigenic e. coli (vtec) o157, salmonella, thermophilic campylobacter and yersinia enterocolitica. data were collected on the animal from which the sample came and this information was analysed to look at potential risk factors for carriage of these or ... | 2009 | 19203406 |
| occurrence of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica in norwegian pork products determined by a pcr method and a traditional culturing method. | from october 1997 to april 1998, a survey was conducted to assess the occurrence of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica in norwegian pork products, using a traditional culturing method and a pcr assay. a total of 300 pork samples was examined. five slaughterhouses in the norwegian meat cooperative were represented with 249 samples and another 51 samples were obtained from retail outlets in the city of oslo. using the nmkl method, y. enterocolitica 0:3 was isolated from six (2%) of the samples, wh ... | 2000 | 10746576 |
| typing of yersinia enterocolitica isolates by its profiling, rep- and eric-pcr. | thirty-five yersinia enterocolitica strains isolated from humans, pigs and foxes were analysed by genotyping including intergenic transcribed sequence (its) profiling, rep- and eric-pcr. eric-pcr revealed the presence of seven different genotypes. amplification of the 16s-23s rdna spacer region by its profiling gave similar results with nine different genotypes. rep-pcr was found to be more discriminatory for typing of y. enterocolitica than eric-pcr and its profiling. fifteen different dna patt ... | 2004 | 15330984 |
| distribution of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica in china. | yersinia enterocolitica (1,295 strains) was isolated from diarrhea patients, livestock, poultry, wild animals, insect vectors, food, and the environment. they were studied for epidemiology distribution using bacterial biochemical metabolism tests, their virulence genes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) sub-typing. the data showed that 416 of the 1,295 strains were pathogenic, where the pathogenic chinese isolates were of serotypes o:3 and o:9. these two serotypes were found in livesto ... | 2009 | 19575249 |
| bacteria as dna vaccine carriers for genetic immunization. | genetic immunization with plasmid dna vaccines has proven to be a promising tool in conferring protective immunity in various experimental animal models of infectious diseases or tumors. recent research focuses on the use of bacteria, in particular enteroinvasive species, as effective carriers for dna vaccines. attenuated strains of shigella flexneri, salmonella spp., yersinia enterocolitica or listeria monocytogenes have shown to be attractive candidates to target dna vaccines to immunological ... | 2004 | 15532991 |
| risk assessment of false-positive quantitative real-time pcr results in food, due to detection of dna originating from dead cells. | real-time pcr technology is increasingly used for detection and quantification of pathogens in food samples. a main disadvantage of nucleic acid detection is the inability to distinguish between signals originating from viable cells and dna released from dead cells. in order to gain knowledge concerning risks of false-positive results due to detection of dna originating from dead cells, quantitative pcr (qpcr) was used to investigate the degradation kinetics of free dna in four types of meat sam ... | 2005 | 15649533 |
| studies of the efficacy of enterocoliticin, a phage-tail like bacteriocin, as antimicrobial agent against yersinia enterocolitica serotype o3 in a cell culture system and in mice. | the efficacy of enterocoliticin, a phage tail-like bacteriocin, as antimicrobial compound against infections with pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica serotype o3 strains was assessed. in cell cultures, which were infected with the y. enterocolitica strains 13 169 or 6471/76, bactericidal activity of enterocoliticin was found for bacteria adhering to the surface of eukaryotic cells, whereas bacteria, which had invaded the eukaryotic cells, were not accessible to the bacteriocin. the interaction of ... | 2005 | 16000112 |
| identification and characterization of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica isolates by pcr and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | approximately 550 to 600 yersiniosis patients are reported annually in sweden. although pigs are thought to be the main reservoir of food-borne pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica, the role of pork meat as a vehicle for transmission to humans is still unclear. pork meat collected from refrigerators and local shops frequented by yersiniosis patients (n=48) were examined for the presence of pathogenic yersinia spp. a combined culture and pcr method was used for detection, and a multiplex pcr was de ... | 2005 | 16000776 |
| cloning, expression and characterization of attachment-invasion locus protein (ail) of yersinia enterocolitica and its utilization in rapid detection by immunoassays. | rapid detection of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica isolates by using antisera raised against recombinant attachment-invasion locus (ail) protein. | 2010 | 20002570 |
| serological discrimination by indirect enzyme immunoassay between the antibody response to brucella sp. and yersinia enterocolitica o:9 in cattle and pigs. | a rapid, inexpensive and rugged serological test that distinguishes cattle and swine infected with brucella sp. or yersinia enterocolitica o:9 is described. the test protocol, which is an indirect enzyme immunoassay uses a high concentration of divalent cation chelating agents to minimize binding of y. enterocolitica o:9 antibody to rough lipopolysaccharide antigen derived from b. abortus rb51. no false positive reactions were observed when testing 100 canadian cattle and swine without any evide ... | 2006 | 16140390 |
| application of fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism for comparison of human and animal isolates of yersinia enterocolitica. | an amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) method, developed to genotype yersinia enterocolitica, has been used to investigate 70 representative strains isolated from humans, pigs, sheep, and cattle in the united kingdom. aflp primarily distinguished y. enterocolitica strains according to their biotype, with strains dividing into two distinct clusters: cluster a, comprising largely the putatively pathogenic biotypes (bt2 to -4), and cluster b, comprising the putatively nonpathogenic biotyp ... | 2005 | 16151073 |
| seroprevalence of brucellosis, tularemia, and yersiniosis in wild boars (sus scrofa) from north-eastern germany. | brucellosis and tularemia are classical zoonotic diseases transmitted from an animal reservoir to humans. both, wildlife and domestic animals, contribute to the spreading of these zoonoses. the surveillance of the animal health status is strictly regulated for domestic animals, whereas systematic disease monitoring in wildlife does not exist. the aim of the present study was to provide data on the prevalence of anti-brucella, anti-francisella and anti-yersinia antibodies in wild boars from north ... | 2005 | 16364020 |
| survival, injury, and virulence of freeze-stressed plasmid-bearing virulent yersinia enterocolitica in ground pork. | the effect of freezing at -20 degrees c on survival, injury, stability of the virulence plasmid, and expression of virulence-associated determinants of yersinia enterocolitica (yep(+)) in ground pork was assessed. the viable counts on nonselective and selective media after 12 weeks of freezing were similar to counts obtained before freezing, indicating that the yep(+) strain survived the freezing process. there was no evidence of freeze-stress injury. results of a pcr assay targeting plasmid-ass ... | 2005 | 16366858 |
| sporadic human yersinia enterocolitica infections caused by bioserotype 4/o : 3 originate mainly from pigs. | yersinia enterocolitica 4/o : 3 is the most frequent cause of sporadic human yersiniosis in finland and germany. to investigate the possible link between pigs and humans, 282 human and 534 porcine strains from finland and germany were characterized with pfge using noti, apai and xhoi enzymes. most of the human strains (>80 %) were indistinguishable from the porcine strains in both countries and most of the genotypes (178/182) were different in finland and germany. the indistinguishable genotypes ... | 2006 | 16687594 |
| inactivation of pathogens on pork by steam-ultrasound treatment. | the objective of the study was to evaluate a new pathogen inactivation concept that combines application of pressurized steam simultaneously with high-power ultrasound through a series of nozzles. on skin and meat surfaces of pork jowl samples, counts of total viable bacteria were reduced by 1.1 log cfu/cm(2) after treatment for 1 s and by 3.3 log cfu/cm(2) after treatment for 4 s. the mean reduction of 1.7 to 3.3 log cfu/cm(2) on the skin surface was significantly higher than the reduction of 1 ... | 2011 | 21549047 |
| isolation of yersinia enterocolitica from raw milk and pork in ludhiana. | | 2005 | 16758701 |
| adhesion of yersinia enterocolitica to non-cultured epithelial cells from pig and rabbit ilea. | a simple and reliable method was developed to isolate intact epithelial cells from pig and rabbit ilea and these were used to investigate the adhesion of yersinia enterocolitica. hydrophobic interaction was eliminated by treating the bacterial culture with 0.8 m tetramethyl urea (tmu). virulent strains of y. enterocolitica had significantly greater attachment than avirulent strains but both attached in a linear dose-dependant fashion. epithelial cells prepared from pig ilea were attached to more ... | 2007 | 17010460 |
| duplex real-time sybr green pcr assays for detection of 17 species of food- or waterborne pathogens in stools. | a duplex real-time sybr green lightcycler pcr (lc-pcr) assay with dna extraction using the qiaamp dna stool mini kit was evaluated with regard to detection of 8 of 17 species of food- or waterborne pathogens in five stool specimens in 2 h or less. the protocol used the same lc-pcr with 20 pairs of specific primers. the products formed were identified based on a melting point temperature (t(m)) curve analysis. the 17 species of food- or waterborne pathogens examined were enteroinvasive escherichi ... | 2003 | 14605150 |
| yersiniosis in zoo marmosets (callitrix jacchuss) caused by yersinia enterocolitica 4/o:3. | the aim of this research was to describe two fatal cases of yersinia enterocolitica bioserotype 4/o:3 infection in non-human primates and to characterise the isolates by pcr and pfge. in july 2004, two marmosets (callitrix jacchuss) born in captivity in zagreb zoo, died following a few days of intermittent diarrhoea in intervals of 2 weeks. the pathomorphological diagnosis of the female (born in 1997) and the male (born in 1995) marmoset, was disseminated miliary necrosis of the liver. y. entero ... | 2007 | 17223285 |
| degradation of n-acyl-l-homoserine lactones by bacillus cereus in culture media and pork extract. | degradation of the quorum-sensing signal molecule n-acyl-l-homoserine lactone (ahl) in cocultures was verified with bacillus cereus and yersinia enterocolitica in culture medium and in pork extract. results showed evidence of microbial interaction when the ahl-degrading bacterium and ahl-producing bacterium were cocultured in a food-simulating condition. | 2007 | 17293532 |
| identification of yersinia enterocolitica in minced meat: a comparative analysis of api 20e, yersinia identification kit and a 16s rrna-based pcr method. | the isolation and identification of yersinia enterocolitica from minced meat on cin agar medium is still one of the major problems in food microbiology because of the low selectivity of cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin (cin) agar. a total of 198 minced meat samples were collected from commercial establishments (butcher shops and supermarkets) in seven german cities in order to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of three identification techniques suitable for the differentiation of y. enter ... | 2004 | 14995973 |
| [an outbreak of yersinia enterocolitica o:9-infection]. | yersiniosis is a zoonosis that is transmitted from pigs to humans. in january 2006 more cases of yersinia enterocolitica enterocolitis than expected were reported in norway. the fact that the isolates belonged to the o:9 serogroup, which is rare in norway, and the geographical and temporal clustering of the cases, pointed to an outbreak. we have conducted a retrospective study of 11 patients who were diagnosed during this outbreak. | 2007 | 17332812 |
| prevalence of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica in pigs slaughtered at a swiss abattoir. | human yersiniosis is the third most common enteric disease after campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis in many european countries. however, epidemiological data on the prevalence of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica in animals and humans is insufficient. pigs are assumed to be the main reservoir of pathogenic y. enterocolitica because pig is so far the only animal species from which pathogenic strains have frequently been isolated. this work was conducted to study the frequency of ail-positive y ... | 2007 | 17727997 |
| sources of sporadic yersinia enterocolitica infection in children in sweden, 2004: a case-control study. | young children account for a large proportion of reported yersinia enterocolitica infections in sweden with a high incidence compared with other gastrointestinal infections, such as salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis. a case-control study was conducted to investigate selected risk factors for domestic sporadic yersiniosis in children aged 0-6 years in sweden. in total, 117 cases and 339 controls were included in the study. to minimize exclusion of observations due to missing data a multiple no ... | 2009 | 18789174 |
| isolation of yersinia enterocolitica biotype 1 a from raw meat products. | a survey has been carried out for the presence of yersinia enterocolitioca in raw meat products. one hundred and twenty raw beef, chicken and ham samples were assayed for the presence of yersinia enterocolitica by the 4 degrees c enrichment method after 2 weeks of incubation using phosphate buffered saline. yersinia enterocolitica biotype 1 a non agglutinable (nag) was isolated from a sample of beef and identified by api 20 e system and additional biochemical tests, lipase, beta-d-glucosidase an ... | 2008 | 18847181 |
| examination of salmonella and escherichia coli translocation from hog manure to forage, soil, and cattle grazed on the hog manure-treated pasture. | use of hog (sus scrofa) manure as a fertilizer is a practical solution for waste re-utilization, however, it may serve as a vehicle for environmental and domestic animal contamination. work was conducted to determine whether pathogens, naturally present in hog manure could be detected in cattle (bos taurus) grazed on the manure-treated pasture, and whether forage contamination occurred. during two 3 mo summer trials manure was applied to yield < or = 124 kg available n per hectare in a single sp ... | 2008 | 18948461 |
| survival of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica in vacuum-packed or non-vacuum-packed pork at low temperature. | pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica serotypes o:3, o:5,27, o:8 and o:9 were inoculated into sliced and ground pork, and the samples were stored under vacuum or aerobic conditions at 2 and degrees c. all serotypes survived for 5 weeks in pork with or without vacuum packing without any discernable increases in their population. in sterilized pork with or without vacuum packing, there was no evident growth of y. enterocolitica. in pork broth in which the ph had been artificially adjusted to 6.8, the ... | 2008 | 19127653 |
| development of a l-rhamnose and d-arabitol supplemented macconkey agar to identify pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica among environmental yersinias in swine production wastes. | supplemented macconkey agar with l-rhamnose and d-arabitol distinguishes pathogenic from environmental strains of yersinia enterocolitica recovered from swine production wastes. this medium has a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 97.4%. | 2004 | 15063070 |
| prevalence of enteropathogenic yersinia in estonian, latvian, and russian (leningrad region) pigs. | tonsils of 457 fattening pigs from estonia (n = 151), latvia (n = 109), and the leningrad region of russia (n = 197) were collected between 2004 and 2007 to study the prevalence of enteropathogenic yersinia in slaughter pigs. yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis were isolated by selective and cold enrichment. pathogenic y. enterocolitica and y. pseudotuberculosis were identified by pcr targeting the chromosomal genes ail and inv, respectively. the presence of the virulence pla ... | 2009 | 19580449 |
| isolation of yersinia enterocolitica from aborted fetuses and sows in pig farms with reproductive disturbances. | the purpose of the study was to determine the occurrence of yersinia enterocolitica in tissues of aborted fetuses, placentas, vaginal and rectal swabs of aborting sows from pig farms where reproductive disturbances were found and to determine and analyze the biotype and serotype affinity of the strains isolated. altogether 97 fetuses aborted in various stages of pregnancy, 25 placentas and swabs from 231 sows were taken. all sows originated from farms where reproductive disorders appeared. in ge ... | 2009 | 19645348 |
| prevalence of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis in wild boars in switzerland. | between october 2007 and march 2008, 153 wild boars shot in the canton of geneva in switzerland were sampled. fifty-one percent of the animals were males and 49% were females. the age of most (81%) animals varied between 6months and 2years. prevalence of enteropathogenic yersinia in tonsils and faeces was studied using culture and pcr methods and in tissue fluid of tonsils using an elisa system. prevalence of anti-yersinia antibodies in tissue fluid was 65%. detection rate of enteropathogenic ye ... | 2009 | 19723600 |
| wild boars as an important reservoir for foodborne pathogens. | one hundred fifty-three wild boars shot in the canton of geneva, switzerland, were studied for the occurrence of foodborne pathogens. tonsils and fecal samples of the animals were examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked fluorescent immunoassay, and cultural methods. the detection rate of salmonella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, yersinia pseudotuberculosis, stx-positive escherichia coli, and listeria monocytogenes was 12%, 35%, 20%, 9%, and 17%, respectively, when tonsi ... | 2010 | 19899962 |
| epidemiology of reported yersinia enterocolitica infections in germany, 2001-2008. | yersiniosis is the third most common zoonotic bacterial disease in germany and the european union. sequelae of yersinia enterocolitica infections, such as reactive arthritis, have been reported. consumption of pork and its products, especially eaten raw or undercooked, is an important risk factor of yersiniosis. infection with y. enterocolitica is notifiable through the national surveillance system for infectious diseases in germany and several thousands of cases are being reported each year. we ... | 2010 | 20546575 |
| a simplified method for detecting pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica in slaughtered pig tonsils. | the aim of this study was to collect preliminary data on the carriage of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica in slaughtered pigs in france and to test a simplified method for detecting these strains from tonsils. from january to march 2009, 900 tonsil swabs were taken from pigs at one slaughterhouse in brittany, france. the swabs were vortexed in 10 ml psb broth, then 1 ml was added to 9 ml itc broth. the media were incubated for 48 h at 25°c. the psb enrichment broth was streaked on cin plates a ... | 2010 | 20850483 |
| the influence of experimental yersinia enterocolitica infection on the pregnancy course in sows--preliminary studies. iii. histopathological lesions. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the anatomo- and histopathological lesions in internal organs of sows and their stillborn piglets after experimental y. enterocolitica infection in different phases of pregnancy. twelve pregnant sows were divided into 4 groups, infected per os on 33 (n = 3), 54 (n = 3) and 89 (n = 3) day of pregnancy with the pathogenic y. enterocolitica strain isolated from the aborted swine fetus, and uninfected control group. histopathological examinations of internal orga ... | 2010 | 21077441 |
| intensive swine production and pork safety. | major structural changes in livestock production in developed countries, particularly intensive confinement production and increases in herd and flock sizes, have raised several societal concerns about the future directions and implications of livestock food production, including the safety of meat products. this review of the major parasitic and bacterial foodborne pathogens associated with pork production indicates that pork safety in the united states has improved demonstrably over recent dec ... | 2010 | 21117987 |
| different enteropathogenic yersinia strains found in wild boars and domestic pigs. | yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains isolated from wild boars and fattening pigs were characterized and compared with each other. in wild boars, ail-positive y. enterocolitica strains belonged to bioserotypes 4/o:3 (36%, 5/14), 2/o:9 (29%, 4/14), and 2/o:5,27 (21%, 3/14). additionally, two ail-positive strains were untypable. among fattening pigs, the bioserotype 4/o:3 was dominating (91%, 71/78), and bioserotypes 2/o:5,27 (8%, 6/78) and 2/o:9 (1%, 1/78) were rare. inv ... | 2011 | 21288132 |
| yersinia enterocolitica isolates from wild boars hunted in lower saxony, germany. | yersiniosis is strongly associated with the consumption of pork contaminated with enteropathogenic yersinia enterocolitica, which is harbored by domestic pigs without showing clinical signs of disease. in contrast to data on y. enterocolitica isolated from conventionally reared swine, investigations into the occurrence of y. enterocolitica in wild boars in germany are rare. the objectives of the study were to get knowledge about these bacteria and their occurrence in wild boars hunted in norther ... | 2015 | 25956779 |
| prevalence of yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis in wild boars in the basque country, northern spain. | yersiniosis is a zoonosis widely distributed in europe and swine carry different serotypes of yersinia enterocolitica and y. pseudotuberculosis. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of y. enterocolitica and y. pseudotuberculosis in wild boars in northern spain. the blood of wild boars (n = 505) was sampled between 2001 and 2012. seroprevalence was determined in 490 serum samples with an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. seventy-two of the animals were also examined for ... | 2016 | 26790625 |
| presence of salmonella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, yersinia pseudotuberculosis and escherichia coli o157:h7 in wild boars. | the european wild boar populations are growing and spreading to new areas, which might constitute a threat to public health, since wild boar can harbour pathogens with the potential to cause serious illness in humans. tonsils, ileocaecal lymph nodes and faecal samples were collected from 88 swedish wild boars and analysed for the presence of the zoonotic pathogens salmonella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, y. pseudotuberculosis and enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 (ehec). a combination ... | 2014 | 24512817 |
| a study of single nucleotide polymorphism in the ystb gene of yersinia enterocolitica strains isolated from various wild animal species. | y. enterocolitica is the causative agent of yersiniosis. the objective of the article was a study of single nucleotide polymorphism in the ystb gene of y. enterocolitica strains isolated from various wild animal species. | 2017 | 28378975 |
| presence of ail and ystb genes in yersinia enterocolitica biotype 1a isolates from game animals in poland. | the pathogenicity of yersinia enterocolitica is associated with the presence of plasmid and chromosomal virulence genes. strains belonging to biotype 1a do not possess pyv plasmids, often harbour the ystb gene and usually lack the ail gene, which is the main virulence marker for y. enterocolitica. the simultaneous presence of ail and ystb is uncommon. in this study, 21/218 (9.6%) biotype 1a y. enterocolitica isolates from rectal swabs of wild boar (sus scrofa; n = 18), red deer (cervus elaphus; ... | 2017 | 28283072 |
| detection and characterisation of yersinia enterocolitica strains in cold-stored carcasses of large game animals in poland. | yersinia enterocolitica is an important foodborne pathogen. the aim of the present study was to identify the bioserotypes and virulence markers of y.enterocolitica strains isolated from three different anatomical regions of cold-stored carcasses of large game animals intended for human consumption. y.enterocolitica strains were found in 12/20 (60%) of the roe deer carcasses examined, 7/16 (43.8%) of red deer carcasses and 11/20 (55%) of wild boar carcasses. of the 52 y.enterocolitica strains, 19 ... | 2016 | 26626093 |
| the first pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica bioserotype 4/o:3 strain isolated from a hunted wild boar (sus scrofa) in poland. | the objective of this study was to identify the bioserotypes and virulence markers of yersinia enterocolitica strains isolated from wild boars in poland. bacteriological examination of 302 rectal swabs from 151 wild boars resulted in the isolation of 40 y. enterocolitica strains. the majority of the examined strains (n = 30), belonged to bioserotype 1a/ni. the presence of individual y. enterocolitica strains belonging to bioserotypes 1b/ni (3), 1a/o:8 (2), 1a/o:27 (2), 2/ni (1), 2/o:9 (1) and 4/ ... | 2015 | 25608621 |
| application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of yersinia enterocolitica in pork meat. | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method was developed for the detection of yersinia enterocolitica isolates in both pure bacterial cultures and pork meat. the lamp primers, which corresponded to the gyrb gene, accurately identified 4 different bioserotypes of y. enterocolitica. these primers failed to detect y. pseudotuberculosis, y. frederiksenii, and 17 non-yersinia strains. the sensitivity of the lamp assay for the detection of y. enterocolitica in pure culture was 65 cfu/ml (3 ... | 2009 | 19318044 |
| multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis as a tool to discern genetic relationships among strains of yersinia enterocolitica biovar 1a. | to identify variable number tandem repeat (vntr)-containing loci, and to use multilocus vntr (mlva) to discern genetic relationships among strains of yersinia enterocolitica biovar 1a isolated from diverse sources. | 2009 | 19320943 |