Publications

isolation and identification of virulent peste des petits ruminants viruses from ppr outbreaks in india.	in this study, three outbreaks of peste des petits ruminants (ppr) in goats and sheep flocks with high morbidity and considerable mortality were recorded at jhansi and revati in uttar pradesh and bhopal in madhya pradesh, india during 2003-2006. clinical samples were collected from the affected flocks for laboratory investigation. the ppr virus (pprv) antigen/nucleic acid in the infected tissues/swab materials was demonstrated by using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and rever ...	2010	20204510
vaccines against peste des petits ruminants virus.	peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is a highly contagious and economically important viral disease affecting goats, sheep and wild ruminants. the disease is currently circulating in asian and african countries, creating problems in small ruminant farming. current control of the disease mainly includes isolation and disinfection of the contaminated environment, and administration of a live-attenuated vaccine, which provides a strong immunity. maintenance of cold chain for vaccine efficacy has prove ...	2010	20624051
sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the structural genes of virulent isolates and vaccine strains of peste des petits ruminants virus from india.	peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is an acute, highly contagious, notifiable and economically important transboundary viral disease of sheep and goats. in this study, sequence and phylogenetic analyses of structural protein genes, namely the nucleocapsid (n), the matrix (m), the fusion (f) and the haemagglutinin (h) coding sequences of virulent and vaccine strains of ppr virus (pprv), were undertaken to determine the genetic variations between field isolates and vaccine strains. the open reading ...	2010	20642492
application of semi-quantitative m gene-based hydrolysis probe (taqman) real-time rt-pcr assay for the detection of peste des petits ruminants virus in the clinical samples for investigation into clinical prevalence of disease.	peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is a contagious, notifiable and economically important transboundary viral disease of small ruminants. in this study, a hydrolysis probe-based real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt rt-pcr) assay for the detection and semi-quantification of ppr virus (pprv) nucleic acid was developed using the virus rna and matrix (m) gene-specific primers with hex-labelled fluorescent probe and applied for the detection of pprv in clinical samples to ident ...	2010	20723163
rapid detection of peste des petits ruminants virus by a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay.	peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) is the causative agent of peste des petits ruminants (ppr), an economically important viral disease of small ruminants. in this report, a one-step, single-tube, reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay was developed for the detection of pprv. a set of six lamp primers were designed based on the matrix gene sequence of pprv to amplify the target rna by incubation at 63°c for 60min with bst dna polymerase and reverse trans ...	2010	20813134
[sequence analysis of the matrix protein and fusion protein genes of a field peste des petits ruminants virus strain from tibet, china].	the nucleotide sequences of m and f genes from a field strain of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) ("china/tib/gej/07-30") was firstly determined. the m gene was 1 483 nucleotides in length with a single open reading frame (orf), encoding a protein of 335 amino acids. the f gene was 2411 nucleotides in length, encoding a protein of 546 amino acids. the resulting nucleotide sequence and the deduced amino acid sequences were compared with the homologous regions of other pprv isolates. the nu ...	2010	20836385
[genome sequencing and analysis of a peste des petits ruminants virus isolate, china/tib/07].	peste des petits ruminants virus is a member of morbillivirus paramyxoviridae. the complete genome of a peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) isolate, china/tib/07 was sequenced and molecular characteristics was analyzed. the internal sequences of the virus genome were amplified by rt-pcr with primers designed according to the published data in genbank, while the sequences of the 3' and 5' ends of the genome were determined by race. amplification products were directly sequenced,assembled and ...	2010	20836387
evaluation of peste des petits ruminants cell culture vaccine in sheep and goats in pakistan.	the authors study the antibody response of a locally prepared live-attenuated peste des petits ruminants (ppr) cell culture vaccine in sheep and goats. antibodies were measured using the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the vaccine was found to be safe and produced high serological titres within 21 days post vaccination. the serological titres remained high for one year post vaccination.	2010	20857380
evidence of peste des petits ruminants in serology of sheep and goats from sindh, pakistan.	the following is the first detailed description of laboratory confirmed evidence of peste des petits ruminant virus (pprv) in 14 districts of sindh province, pakistan. sindh is the 2nd largest province of pakistan in terms of human population and livestock. livestock are the main origin of the people's livelihood. samples were collected during the surveillance programme from sheep and goats showing severe respiratory signs and mouth lesions. competitive enzyme-linked immuno-sorbant assay (celisa ...	2010	21167015
immune responses to hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein of peste des petits ruminants virus expressed in transgenic peanut plants in sheep.	peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is an acute, highly contagious disease of small ruminants caused by a morbillivirus, peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv). the disease is prevalent in equatorial africa, the middle east, and the indian subcontinent. a live attenuated vaccine is in use in some of the countries and has been shown to provide protection for at least three years against ppr. however, the live attenuated vaccine is not robust in terms of thermotolerance. as a step towards developmen ...	2010	21211855
a goat poxvirus-vectored peste-des-petits-ruminants vaccine induces long-lasting neutralization antibody to high levels in goats and sheep.	recombinant capripoxvirus (cpv) is a promising candidate differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (diva) vaccine against peste-des-petits-ruminants (ppr). in order for recombinant cpv to be successfully used in the field, there should exist dependable indicators for quality control of vaccine products, surveillance and vaccination evaluation. viral neutralization antibody (vna) is correlated to protection against ppr and is a technically feasible indicator for this purpose. the immunogen ...	2010	20471441
an outbreak of peste des petits ruminants in migratory flocks of sheep and goats in egypt in 2006.	an outbreak of peste des petits ruminants (ppr) was recorded in kalubia province, egypt in 2006, affecting a large population of migratory goats and sheep over a huge geographical area. epidemiological, clinical and laboratory investigations were performed. diseased animals showed pyrexia, erosive stomatitis, enteritis and bronchopneumonia. clinical manifestations were more severe in goats. the overall morbidity, cumulative mortality and case fatality rates were 26.1%, 10.5% and 40.2%, respectiv ...	2010	21309463
exotic animal diseases bulletin. peste des petits ruminants.		2010	21222301
simultaneous detection of rift valley fever, bluetongue, rinderpest, and peste des petits ruminants viruses by a single-tube multiplex reverse transcriptase-pcr assay using a dual-priming oligonucleotide system.	the aim of this study was to develop a highly sensitive and specific one-step multiplex reverse transcriptase pcr assay for the simultaneous and differential detection of rift valley fever virus (rvfv), bluetongue virus (btv), rinderpest virus (rpv), and peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv). these viruses cause mucosal lesions in cattle, sheep, and goats, and they are difficult to differentiate from one another based solely on their clinical presentation in suspected disease cases. in this st ...	2011	21307219
monkey cv1 cell line expressing the sheep-goat slam protein: a highly sensitive cell line for the isolation of peste des petits ruminants virus from pathological specimens.	peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is an important economically transboundary disease of sheep and goats caused by a virus which belongs to the genus morbillivirus. this genus, in the family paramyxoviridae, also includes the measles virus (mv), canine distemper virus (cdv), rinderpest virus (rpv), and marine mammal viruses. one of the main features of these viruses is the severe transient lymphopaenia and immunosuppression they induce in their respective hosts, thereby favouring secondary bacteri ...	2011	21371505
sero-epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants (ppr) in pakistan.	a sero survey was conducted during 2005-2006 to estimate the sero prevalence of ppr in the small ruminant population of pakistan. a total of 2798 samples were collected including goats (1979) and sheep (819) from villages in 27 randomly selected districts. these were tested by celisa for pprv and true prevalence estimates were calculated by rogan and gladen estimator. overall, 1273 (45.5%) were found positive; 980 (49.5%) of 1979 samples from goats and 293 (35.8%) of 819 serum samples from sheep ...	2011	21788090
asian lineage of peste des petits ruminants virus, africa.	interest in peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) has been stimulated by recent changes in its host and geographic distribution. for this study, biological specimens were collected from camels, sheep, and goats clinically suspected of having pprv infection in sudan during 2000-2009 and from sheep soon after the first reported outbreaks in morocco in 2008. reverse transcription pcr analysis confirmed the wide distribution of pprv throughout sudan and spread of the virus in morocco. molecular ty ...	2011	21762576
differentiating pestes des petits ruminants and rinderpest viruses by a novel monoclonal antibody.	peste des petits ruminant (ppr) is an acute, febrile, viral disease of small ruminants with great economic importance. ppr and rinderpest (rp) viruses are antigenically related and need to be differentiated serologically. the use of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) in elisa for specific diagnostics and separation of ppr and rpv is important. for this purpose, six balb/c mice were immunized with inactivated antigen from the nijeria strain. fusion cloning was performed 3 months later by directly using ...	2011	21707365
Molecular characterization and phylogenetic study of peste des petits ruminants viruses from North central States of Nigeria.	Peste des petits ruminants is an endemic disease of sheep and goats in Nigeria and vaccination has been the method of control but sporadic outbreaks have been reported. This study was carried out to characterize PPR viruses from outbreaks in 2007 and 2009 from Kaduna and Plateau States.	2011	21726444
detection and genetic characterization of peste des petits ruminants virus in free-living bharals (pseudois nayaur) in tibet, china.	peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is an important viral disease of sheep and goats. the wildlife hosts of ppr, which may play an important role in the epidemiology of this disease, are not well characterized. the research was undertaken to study the infection of ppr virus (pprv) in free-living bharals (pseudois nayaur) in tibet, china. in 2007, pprv infection was confirmed in two bharals in rutog county of tibet based on clinical signs and detection of pprv rna in tissue samples. in 2008, pprv in ...	2011	20591454
dual infection of fetal and neonatal small ruminants with border disease virus and peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv): neuronal tropism of pprv as a novel finding.	dual infection of 26 fetal and neonatal small ruminants with border disease virus (bdv) and peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) is reported. the animals included five aborted lamb fetuses, 19 neonatal lambs and two neonatal kids from flocks in regions of the black sea and the aegean region. bdv and pprv antigens were detected immunohistochemically in the brain, oral mucosa, intestine and lung of infected animals. reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to demonstrate pprv an ...	2011	21899857
Molecular characterization of peste des petits ruminants virus from the Karamoja region of Uganda (2007-2008).	Antibodies against peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) were first detected in goats in East Africa in 1995 without any clinical disease. It was not until during the years 2006 and 2007 that the disease outbreaks were first reported in Kenya and Uganda, respectively. This study was carried out to detect and characterize PPRV from a suspected outbreak in sheep and goats in the Karamoja region in 2007-2008. Oculo-nasal and blood samples were tested using F-gene-based primers, and their genetic ...	2011	21979248
evidence of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) infection in sindh ibex (capra aegagrus blythi) in pakistan as confirmed by detection of antigen and antibody.	an outbreak resulting in mortality in sindh ibex (capra aegagrus blythi) was investigated. there was a history of about 36 deaths (both young and adult) during the period of 1 month. disease appeared in a generalized form, affecting the respiratory and digestive systems. major lesions were respiratory distress, pustules on and in the mouth, ocular-nasal discharges, and severe diarrhea. the most significant lesion was the oculonasal discharges and diarrhea. deaths were mainly due to blindness, an ...	2011	21221782
first serological investigation of peste-des-petits-ruminants and rift valley fever in tunisia.	this study, carried out between september 2006 and january 2007, is the first cross-sectional serological investigation of peste-des-petits-ruminants (ppr) and rift valley fever (rvf) in tunisia. the objective was to assess the potential need to develop a dual, recombinant ppr-rvf vaccine and how such a vaccine might be utilised in tunisia. an overall ppr seroprevalence of 7.45% was determined, a finding supported by the high specificity (99.4%) and sensitivity (94.5%) of the elisa used. on asse ...	2011	20167519
seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants in cattle and buffaloes from southern peninsular india.	this study describes seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants (ppr) in cattle and buffaloes carried out during the period 2009-2010 using the randomly collected serum samples from different parts of southern peninsular india. the report presents the results of ppr virus (pprv)-specific antibodies in situations where either the subclinical or inapparent or non-lethal infection was there in cattle and buffaloes. a total of 2,548 serum samples [cattle = 1,158, buffaloes = 1,001, sheep = 303 and ...	2012	22105906
examination of epithelial tissue cytokine response to natural peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) infection in sheep and goats by immunohistochemistry.	in this study, we aimed to evaluate expression of il-4, il-10, tnf-α, ifn-γ and inos in lingual, buccal mucosa and lung epithelial tissue using immunoperoxidase technique and to compare with the tissues of control animals. the tissues used in the study were collected from 17 pprv-affected and 5 healthy sheep and goats. in pprv positive animals, the lungs, lingual and buccal mucosa had significantly higher inos, ifn-γ and tnf-α expressions compared to control group animals. there was no significa ...	2012	22127598
Seroprevalence and sero-conversion after vaccination against Peste des Petits Ruminants in sheep and goats from Awash Fentale District, Afar, Ethiopia.	A cross-sectional epidemiological study followed by vaccination and postvaccinal serum antibody assessment against Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in small ruminant population of Awash Fentale District, Afar, Ethiopia, was conducted from September 2006 to June 2007 with the aim of investigating seroprevalence and post-vaccination sero-conversion rate. A total of 1239 sera collected from sheep and goats which were not vaccinated, were screened by using nucleoprotein-based competitive enzyme-link ...	2012	22088269
history and current status of peste des petits ruminants virus in tanzania.	peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) causes the acute, highly contagious disease peste des petits ruminants (ppr) that affects small domestic and wild ruminants. ppr is of importance in the small livestock-keeping industry in tanzania, especially in rural areas as it is an important source of livelihood. morbidity and case fatality rate can be as high as 80-100% in naïve herds; however, in endemic areas, morbidity and case fatality range between 10 and 100% where previous immunity, age, and s ...	2016	27770516
host and viral traits predict zoonotic spillover from mammals.	the majority of human emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, with viruses that originate in wild mammals of particular concern (for example, hiv, ebola and sars). understanding patterns of viral diversity in wildlife and determinants of successful cross-species transmission, or spillover, are therefore key goals for pandemic surveillance programs. however, few analytical tools exist to identify which host species are likely to harbour the next human virus, or which viruses can cross species ...	2017	28636590