Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| cell-mediated immunity to pseudorabies virus: cytolytic effector cells with characteristics of lymphokine-activated killer cells lyse virus-infected and glycoprotein gb- and gc-transfected l14 cells. | we examined cytolytic cells that lyse pseudorabies virus (prv)-infected cells in pigs. in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from prv-immune pigs with live prv generated cells that lysed prv-infected immortalized b cells. several lines of evidence indicated a major contribution of non-major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted cytolytic cells, which displayed characteristics of natural killer (nk) or lymphokine-activated killer cells: cytolysis was non-mhc-restricted, ... | 1996 | 8609496 |
| mode of interaction between pseudorabies virus and heparan sulfate/heparin. | it has been demonstrated that the efficient attachment of pseudorabies virus (prv) is mediated by an interaction between glycoprotein c (gc) and a cellular heparin-like substance (t. c. mettenleiter, l. zsak, f. zuckermann, n. sugg, h. kern, and t. ben-porat, j. virol. 64, 278-286, 1990). according to the prevalent concept, this interaction is likely to occur between clusters of basic residues of prv gc and the negatively charged sulfate esters and carboxylate groups of heparan sulfate/heparin. ... | 1996 | 8615039 |
| the receptor-binding domain of pseudorabies virus glycoprotein gc is composed of multiple discrete units that are functionally redundant. | many herpesviruses attach to cells in a two-step process, using the glycoprotein gc family of homologs to bind the primary receptor, heparan sulfate (hs) proteoglycan, and glycoprotein gd homologs to bind an unknown secondary receptor. we have previously shown by deletion analysis that the amino-terminal one-third of gc from pseudorabies virus (prv), a swine herpesvirus, includes at least the principal hs receptor-binding domain. this portion of prv gc contains three discrete clusters of basic r ... | 1996 | 8627651 |
| acetylcholine activates latent pseudorabies virus in pigs. | pseudorabies virus (prv) was isolated from the nasal swabs and the cultured trigeminal ganglia of latently infected pigs after they were treated with acetylcholine (ach). these results indicate that ach activates latent infections of prv. | 1996 | 8629944 |
| functional characterization of porcine cd4+cd8+ extrathymic t lymphocytes. | the porcine immune system is unique in that the expression of cd4 and cd8 antigens defines four subpopulations of resting, extrathymic (cd1-) t lymphocytes. in addition to cd4-cd8+ and cd4+cd8- t lymphocytes, cd4-cd8- and cd4+cd8+ lymphocyte subpopulations are prominent in blood as well as in lymphoid tissues. in the present study, a functional comparison was made between cd4+cd8- and cd4+cd8+ t lymphocyte subpopulations. in a primary in vitro immune response against alloantigenic stimulator cel ... | 1996 | 8640877 |
| identification of cell surface molecules that interact with pseudorabies virus. | the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv) has been shown to attach to cells by interaction between the viral glycoprotein gc and cell membrane proteoglycans carrying heparan sulfate chains (hspgs). a secondary binding step requires gd and presumably another, hitherto unidentified cellular receptor. by use of a virus overlay protein binding assay (vopba), cosedimentation analyses, and affinity chromatography, we identified three species of cell membrane constituents that bind prv. by treatmen ... | 1996 | 8642635 |
| glycoprotein d-negative pseudorabies virus can spread transneuronally via direct neuron-to-neuron transmission in its natural host, the pig, but not after additional inactivation of ge or gi. | envelope glycoprotein d (gd) is essential for entry of pseudorabies virus (prv) into cells but is not required for the subsequent steps in virus replication. phenotypically complemented gd mutants can infect cells and can spread, both in vitro and in mice, by direct cell-to-cell transmission. progeny virions released by infected cells are noninfectious because they lack gd. the aim of this study was to determine the role of gd in the neuropathogenicity of prv in its natural host, the pig. we inv ... | 1996 | 8642642 |
| necrotic oophoritis in gilts associated with experimental inoculation of a viral gene-deletion mutant pseudorabies vaccine. | previous work on the reproductive effects of various herpesviruses has demonstrated adverse effects on reproductive function in several host species. although herpesviral vaccines are used in several species to ameliorate the clinical effects of infection, pathogenicity for reproductive tissue, associated with diminished reproductive efficiency, has been reported to be retained in a live-attenuated vaccine strain of the herpesvirus, bovine herpesvirus-1. the objective of this study was to determ ... | 1997 | 9163875 |
| eradication of aujeszky's disease virus from a swedish pig herd using gi-/tk-vaccine. | an attenuated glycoprotein i-negative (gi-)/thymidine kinase-negative (tk-) constructed vaccine was used to eradicate aujeszky's disease virus from a large farrow-to-finish herd in sweden. the herd had had problems every year for seven years and two attempts to eradicate the virus without vaccination had failed. at the start of the vaccination programme 86 per cent of the 396 breeding animals were seropositive to the virus. in spite of evidence of virus circulation in the fattening units, no fat ... | 1997 | 9172294 |
| pseudorabies virus infections in pigs. role of viral proteins in virulence, pathogenesis and transmission. | this paper reviews new findings on the biological functions of pseudorabies virus (prv) proteins. it focuses on the role of prv proteins in the pathogenicity, immunogenicity and transmission of prv vaccine strains in pigs. furthermore, it evaluates potential risks that are connected with the use of prv vector strains. special emphasis is placed upon the spread of genetically engineered vaccine strains within pigs or between pigs. | 1997 | 9172836 |
| immunohistochemical demonstration of the spread of pneumotropic strain 4892 of aujeszky's disease virus in conventional pigs. | sixteen pigs aged 5 to 7 weeks were inoculated intranasally with the pneumotropic strain 4892 of aujeszky's disease virus (adv) in a dose of 2 x 10(5) tcid50. pigs died or were killed on day 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 20 or 30 post-inoculation (pi). two further pigs were kept as negative (uninfected) controls. histopathological examination demonstrated meningoencephalitis, necrotizing rhinitis and multifocal systemic necrosis. viral antigen was detected immunohistochemically, mainly in the central n ... | 1997 | 9179751 |
| the ul20 gene product of pseudorabies virus functions in virus egress. | the ul20 open reading frame is positionally conserved in different alphaherpesvirus genomes and is predicted to encode an integral membrane protein. a previously described ul20- mutant of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) exhibited a defect in egress correlating with retention of virions in the perinuclear space (j. d. baines, p. l. ward, g. campadelli-fiume, and b. roizman, j. virol. 65:6414-6424, 1991). to analyze ul20 function in a related but different herpesvirus, we constructed a ul20- p ... | 1997 | 9188641 |
| viral susceptibility of a newly established cell line derived from the peritoneal cavity of balb/c mouse. | viral susceptibility of a newly established cell line, named kmp, derived from the peritoneal cavity of balb/c mouse is described. the cells were originally cloned from the in vitro culture of ascites of the mouse injected with ehrlich ascitic tumor cells in advance. the electrophoretic pattern of cellular dnas, extracted from kmp, normal balb/c mouse spleen, and ehrlich tumor cells respectively were compared after triple digestions with restriction endonucleases. this cell line was proved to be ... | 1997 | 9208425 |
| tissue chambers--a useful model for in vivo studies of cytokine production in the pig. | an in vivo tissue chamber model was developed to enable studies of local cytokine production and cellular events during inflammatory and immune reactions in the pig. tissue chambers made of sialistic rubber tubing were surgically implanted in the subcutaneous tissue- and samples of tissue chamber fluid (tcf) and inflammatory cells were collected by aspiration with a syringe. to evaluate the model for local cytokine production, two cytokine inducers, polyribinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly i ... | 1997 | 9220587 |
| functional aspects of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) viral proteins with relation to invasion, virulence and immunogenicity. | in the present review, the interaction of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus (adv) with individual susceptible cells and the entire host is presented. special emphasis is put on how viral envelope glycoproteins control invasion and virulence. furthermore, the importance of envelope glycoproteins in the induction of a protective immunity is discussed. | 1997 | 9220592 |
| recent developments in latency and recombination of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus. | latency is a characteristic and fascinating part of the biology of alphaherpesvirinae, including adv. tissue explanation, blot hybridization, in situ hybridization and more recently pcr are the experimental methods used to demonstrate that latent infections consistently occur in ganglionic neurons and, at a lower level, in tonsillar and possibly other cells. in vivo reactivation of adv, resulting in shedding of virulent adv, has been demonstrated experimentally following administration of high d ... | 1997 | 9220593 |
| effect of the concentration of maternal antibodies on the neural invasion of aujeszky's disease virus in neonatal pigs. | the degree to which maternally derived antibodies may affect neural invasion of aujeszky's disease virus (adv) in neonatal pigs was examined. one-week-old pigs with different levels of maternal immunity were inoculated intranasally with 10(7.0) tcid50 of the ka strain. the invasion of the virus was studied in both the trigeminal neural pathway (nasal mucosa, trigeminal ganglion = 1st level, pons/medulla = 2nd level and cerebellum/thalamus = 3rd level) and the olfactory neural pathway (olfactory ... | 1997 | 9220594 |
| detection of pseudorabies virus genomic sequences in apparently uninfected 'single reactor' pigs. | with a pseudorabies virus (prv) gb elisa, performed on 480,000 pigs on 8,900 swedish farms, approximately 1,300 cases were observed with only one single animal reacting positively. these animals were termed 'single reactors' (sr). in order to find explanations for this peculiar phenomenon, the presence of prv was investigated in organs of immunosuppressed and non-immunosuppressed sr animals. the virus was not detected by immunohistochemistry, virus isolation or co-cultivation. an in situ dna hyb ... | 1997 | 9220595 |
| vaccination strategies for improving the efficacy of programs to eradicate aujeszky's disease virus. | 1997 | 9220597 | |
| study of the delivery of the gd gene of pseudorabies virus to one-day-old piglets by adenovirus or plasmid dna as ways to by-pass the inhibition of immune response by colostral antibodies. | in the present study, it was shown that piglets with maternal antibodies, which had been primed with a replication-defective adenovirus that expresses the pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoprotein gd and boosted with the bartha vaccine strain at 10 weeks of age are equally protected clinically upon a challenge as piglets without maternal antibodies vaccinated with the same approach or with the bartha vaccine strain alone. priming with a plasmid that expresses gd was less efficient. | 1997 | 9220598 |
| evaluation of parenteral vaccination methods with glycoproteins against aujeszky's disease in pigs. | a comparative evaluation of vaccination methods with glycoproteins for the induction of immune responses and protection of the pig against aujeszky's disease virus (adv) was performed. different vaccination routes (intradermal (i.d.) versus intramuscular (i.m.)), inoculation sites (the neck versus the back) and number of inoculation points (2 versus 6) per site were compared. body weight (bw) changes and viral excretion after challenge were compared with virus-neutralizing titers, antigen-specif ... | 1997 | 9220599 |
| effect of maternally acquired aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus-specific antibody in pigs on establishment of latency and seroconversion to differential glycoproteins after low dose challenge. | this study investigated whether (1) passively immune pigs could become latently infected after challenge with low doses of wild type pseudorabies virus (prv) and (2) if seroconversion to prv could be consistently detected using two commercially available differential diagnostic elisas. three litters of piglets with passively acquired prv serum neutralizing (sn) antibody (geometric mean titers 47.03 to 95.10) were challenged at 6 to 12 days of age with 236 to 500 tcid50 of shope strain virus; pig ... | 1997 | 9220600 |
| evaluation of serological tests for the detection of pseudorabies ge antibodies during early infection. | two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) and a particle concentration fluorescence immunoassay (pcfia) were compared for their ability to detect antibodies against pseudorabies virus (aujeszky's disease virus) glycoprotein e (ge) in the early stages of infection in pigs previously vaccinated with ge-deleted pseudorabies vaccines. seventy pigs were included in the study. five groups of 6 pigs each were vaccinated with one of 5 different pseudorabies virus (prv) ge-deleted vaccines, and sub ... | 1997 | 9220601 |
| evaluation of tests for detection of antibodies to aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus glycoprotein e in the target population. | receiver operating characteristic (roc) curves assess the quality of tests over the entire range of test signals. we compared the ability of an elisa to detect antibodies to aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus ge in colostrum (test a) and in a single droplet of whole blood (test b) with the results obtained in serum (gold standard) in the target population by constructing and analyzing such curves. the area under the roc curve, which is a quantitative measure of test performance, proved to b ... | 1997 | 9220602 |
| economic analysis of alternative ad control programmes. | the threat imposed by its virulence brings a presumption that aujeszky's disease (ad) must be controlled because potential losses are high. viewed as an economic problem, the decision on whether and how to control ad hinges on comparing the costs of doing so with the benefits (in terms of reduced production losses) to be gained. four strategies are considered: (a) doing nothing, (b) suppressing and maintaining the disease at low prevalence levels by vaccination, (c) suppressing to low levels and ... | 1997 | 9220603 |
| mechanisms of transmission of aujeszky's disease virus originating from feral swine in the usa. | to understand the possible mechanisms of transmission of aujeszky's disease virus (pseudorabies or prv) from a feral pig reservoir, intranasal infections were initiated in domestic pigs and in pigs from a herd derived from captured feral pigs. virus strains originating from feral pigs and from domestic pigs were compared. similar shedding patterns were obtained in both feral-derived and domestic pigs, however, virus strains from feral pigs were markedly attenuated. virus could be isolated after ... | 1997 | 9220604 |
| genital infection and transmission of pseudorabies virus in feral swine in florida, usa. | seventeen feral swine (fs) naturally infected with pseudorabies virus (prv) and treated with dexamethasone (4 mg/kg body wt) on five consecutive days shed virus primarily from the genital tract and less frequently from the upper respiratory tract. the fs isolates were identified as prv by virus neutralization with specific polyclonal antiserum and by direct immunofluorescence. restriction endonuclease analysis with bamhi showed that representative samples from a total of 62 isolates were identic ... | 1997 | 9220605 |
| isolation and characterisation of an aujeszky's disease virus naturally infecting a wild boar (sus scrofa). | isolation of aujeszky's disease virus (adv) from an injured, female wild boar (sus scrofa), shot dead by hunters, in an area adjacent to the abruzzo national park is reported. the brain was submitted for attempted virus isolation following episodes of mortality in several dogs and cats fed with meat from the wild boar. virus was isolated on first passage from the brain of the wild boar. the restriction fragment length polymorphism profile of the isolate was assessed as a type i. the role of stre ... | 1997 | 9220606 |
| no massive spread of pseudorabies virus in vaccinated sow herds. | in this study, we quantified transmission of prv in 99 sow herds in which the sows were vaccinated three times a year with strain 783 o/w and found that the reproduction ratio r was 0.66, which is significantly below one. this implies that massive spread of prv cannot occur in such herds. | 1997 | 9220607 |
| aujeszky's disease and the european community. | the situation as regards ad in the european union in august 1995 is described. the territory has been divided into three zones comprising free regions, regions where eradication programmes are in operation and the remainder. the criteria used for defining these areas are described as are the movement rules applicable to movement into each zone. considerable activity is now taking place to eradicate this disease and further progress is expected in the near future. | 1997 | 9220609 |
| eradication and control programmes against aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) in france. | in the present paper, an overview is given about aujesky's disease (ad) eradication programmes currently applied in the different departments of france, together with the obtained results. | 1997 | 9220610 |
| aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus eradication campaign in the netherlands. | the dutch aujeszky's disease virus (adv) eradication campaign is based on vaccination with glycoprotein e deleted vaccines. in the first stage of the programme, that was started in september 1993, the transmission of adv must be reduced sharply. subsequently, the remaining sources of virus need to be traced and eliminated. during the final stage, vaccination should be forbidden. this paper summarizes the observations made during a field study on the eradication of adv by vaccination and reports ... | 1997 | 9220611 |
| computer simulation to support policy making in the control of pseudorabies. | a further integration of international markets makes a coordinated policy against contagious animal infections increasingly important. in the future, stricter demands are to be expected concerning the control and eradication of such infections. to anticipate these demands, a computer simulation model is created in which scenarios can be evaluated with respect to epidemiological and economic effects of the infections and control strategies. in this paper, the simulation model is described for pse ... | 1997 | 9220612 |
| interneurons presynaptic to rat tail-flick motoneurons as mapped by transneuronal transport of pseudorabies virus: few have long ascending collaterals. | the method of transneuronal retrograde transport of the bartha strain of the swine alpha-herpes virus, pseudorabies virus, was used to identify putative interneurons presynaptic to motoneurons that supply a tail-flick muscle in the rat. we also investigated whether these interneurons also contribute to ascending somatosensory pathways. two to five days after injection of pseudorabies virus into the left abductor caudae dorsalis muscle, and cholera toxin b into the right somatosensory thalamus an ... | 1997 | 9135057 |
| the influence of maternal immunity on the transmission of pseudorabies virus and on the effectiveness of vaccination. | the purpose of this study was to investigate whether maternal immunity could prevent transmission of pseudorabies virus (prv) among pigs, and whether it reduced the effectiveness of a single or double vaccination with regard to the transmission of prv. in five experiments, the transmission of prv, expressed as the reproduction ratio r, was compared in groups of pigs with maternal immunity and in groups of pigs without maternal immunity. transmission of prv among unvaccinated pigs with maternal i ... | 1997 | 9139488 |
| comparison of two pseudorabies virus vaccines, that differ in capacity to reduce virus excretion after a challenge infection, in their capacity of reducing transmission of pseudorabies virus. | pseudorabies virus (prv) vaccines are often compared for their capacity to reduce virus excretion after a challenge infection. vaccines, used for the eradication of prv, however, should reduce transmission of prv among pigs. the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the amount of virus excreted after a challenge infection is an accurate measure of the capacity of a vaccine to reduce transmission of prv among pigs. two experiments were carried out, each using two groups of 10 pigs. the ... | 1997 | 9057255 |
| pseudorabies virus recombinants expressing functional virulence determinants ge and gi from bovine herpesvirus 1.1. | in the alphaherpesvirinae subfamily, the ge and gi genes are conserved and encode membrane glycoproteins required for efficient pathogenesis (virulence). the molecular mechanism(s) responsible is not well understood, but the existence of similar phenotypes of ge and gi mutations in diverse alphaherpesvirinae implies conservation of function(s). in this report, we describe construction of pseudorabies virus (prv) recombinants that efficiently express the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) membrane prot ... | 1997 | 9060626 |
| discrete cleavage patterns of pseudorabies virus immediate early protein (ie180) seen in some cell lines upon extraction after cycloheximide reversal. | pseudorabies virus (prv) encodes for a single and essential immediate early phosphoprotein designated ie180. in this study, ie180 was examined in lysates from various cell lines infected at high multiplicities under cycloheximide inhibition of protein synthesis and subsequent reversal. three distinct protein patterns of ie180 which were cell-specific and dependant on the extraction procedure were revealed. detergent lysates of prv infected mdbk cells yielded almost exclusively wild type ie molec ... | 1997 | 9079763 |
| specificity and nucleotyping studies of a gp50-based polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of pseudorabies virus. | pcr primers that amplify a region of the gp50 envelope glycoprotein gene of a number of vaccinal and field strains of pseudorabies virus (prv) have been previously described (galeota-wheeler and osorio, am j vet res 1991: 52; 1799-1803). this gp50-based pcr assay was tested for its diagnostic applicability, utilizing a panel of nine prv isolates and 13 related herpesviruses, originating from domestic animal species and man. slight modifications to the original prv pcr protocol ensured that false ... | 1997 | 9114968 |
| glycoprotein ge blocking elisas to differentiate between aujeszky's disease-vaccinated and infected animals. | three blocking elisas for the detection of antibodies against glycoprotein e (ge) of aujeszky's disease virus (adv) in sera (an indirect blocking elisa (ge-ielisa), a direct blocking elisa (ge-delisa) and a two-site 'sandwich' blocking elisa (ge-selisa)) have been developed. the ge-elisas are based on monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed to ge and detect ge-specific antibodies in sera by blocking the binding of mabs to one (in the ge-ielisa and the ge-delisa) or two (in the ge-selisa) epitopes ... | 1997 | 9128865 |
| serological studies on porcine pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: kinetics of the antibody titers in swine herds and the association of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection. | serological titers to pneumocystis carinii (pc) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) were measured on a herd with epidemic pc pneumonia (case herd) and two comparison herds, by an indirect fluorescent-antibody technique. in the case herd, the geometric mean titer (gmt) for pc were 1:80 in pigs 1 week old, 1:10 in pigs 5 weeks old, and 1:80 to 1:190 in pigs over 6 weeks old. gmts for prrsv were > 1:145 in most of age groups over 7 weeks old. in comparison herds, pc and ... | 1997 | 9450249 |
| [comparative investigations of practice-oriented methods for the detection of viruses in food with aujeszky infection in swine as an example]. | in order to detect contamination in foodstuffs originating from animals, three different diagnostic methods were tested in comparison: cultivation in permissive cell cultures, microparticle antigen capture system per facs (mas) and polymerase chain reaction (pcr). assessment implied relevance for health, sensitivity and specificity. aujeszky infection in swine served as a model. the blood and organs of healthy, but persistently infected as well as specifically diseased animals were examined. in ... | 1997 | 9451947 |
| vaccination with recombinant vaccinia virus vaccines expressing glycoprotein genes of pseudorabies virus in the presence of maternal immunity. | piglets which had received colostral antibody to pseudorabie virus (prv) were divided into four groups and inoculated with a nyvac vaccinia recombinant expressing glycoprotein gd of prv, a nyvac recombinant expressing glycoprotein gb of prv, an inactivated prv vaccine, or no vaccine. the piglets were vaccinated twice, 3 weeks apart, beginning at approximately 2 weeks of age and later challenged with virulent prv oronasally. all three vaccines protected similarly when no maternal antibody was pre ... | 1997 | 9453121 |
| immunohistological characterization of the local cellular response directed against pseudorabies virus in pigs. | the aim of this study was to investigate the kinetics of a primary and secondary immune response against pseudorabies virus (prv). pigs vaccinated with strain 783 and unvaccinated pigs were challenged with wild-type prv by either intranasal or subcutaneous infection. non-challenged pigs were used as controls. on days 1, 3 and 7 after challenge, tissues from the site of infection, and the tonsils of intranasally and the draining lymph nodes of subcutaneously challenged pigs were sampled. immunohi ... | 1997 | 9453126 |
| virological protection of sows upon challenge with aujeszky's disease virus after multiple vaccinations with attenuated or inactivated vaccines. | the frequency with which sows are vaccinated during eradication programmes has been determined rather arbitrarily in the past, without the necessary scientific support. in the present study the efficacy of repeated vaccinations against aujeszky's disease virus (adv) with two inactivated vaccines and with one attenuated adv-strain (bartha) suspended in either oil-in-water or saline was evaluated in 40 breeding sows originating from five farms by the assessment of the clinical and virological prot ... | 1997 | 9467303 |
| bilateral encephalomalacia in a pig related to latent aujeszky's disease virus infection. | a case of bilateral encephalomalacia in a pig related to latent aujeszky's disease virus infection is reported. the pig was experimentally inoculated with the nia-3 strain and survived the infection after showing intense central nervous system disease. abnormal behaviour was observed up to the date of death. the pig was demonstrated to be latently infected with the virus by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the main microscopic lesion was a bilateral encephalomalacia which involved structures rel ... | 1997 | 9467307 |
| establishment and characterization of porcine cytolytic cell lines and clones. | although non-major-histocompatibility-complex-restricted cytolytic cells appear to significantly influence antiviral immunity in pigs, the phenotype and functional characteristics of these cells are not well defined. to allow a detailed analysis of these subsets, we established and characterized cell lines and clones of interleukin-2-activated (il-2) cytolytic cells. cell lines and clones were obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of minipigs of the swine-leucocyte-antigen-complex (sl ... | 1997 | 9477482 |
| the ge and gi homologs from two alphaherpesviruses have conserved and divergent neuroinvasive properties. | the membrane glycoproteins ge and gi are encoded by pseudorabies virus (prv), a neurotropic, broad-host-range alphaherpesvirus of swine. prv ge and gi are required for anterograde spread to a restricted set of retinorecipient neurons in the brain after infection of the rat retina. a related alphaherpesvirus, encoding ge and gi homologs, is called bovine herpesvirus 1.1 (bhv-1.1). bhv-1.1 is a respiratory pathogen of highly restricted host range and, in contrast to prv, is unable to propagate in ... | 1997 | 9223471 |
| estimating the rate of pseudorabies virus introduction into pig-finishing herds at regional level. | from february to june 1995, 5-12 blood samples were collected in each dutch pig herd and tested for antibodies against pseudorabies virus (prv). the percentage of prv-seropositive pig-finishing herds in three regions with more than 1,000 pigs/km2 (regions 2, 4 and 7) was 6% (region 2), 12% (region 7), and 25% (region 4). the percentage of prv-seropositive pig-finishing herds in five regions with fewer than 1,000 pigs/km2 (regions 1, 3, 5, 6, and 8) was 3% (region 1), 9% (region 3), 6% (region 5) ... | 1997 | 9225421 |
| attenuation of dutpase-deficient pseudorabies virus for the natural host. | pseudorabies virus (prv) is the causative agent of aujeszky's disease which results in significant losses in pig husbandry. recently we identified the gene encoding the deoxyuridine-triphosphatase (dutpase) of prv as the homolog of the ul50 gene of herpes simplex virus type 1. the prv ul50 gene product was characterized and a ul50 negative prv mutant (prv ul50-) was generated by insertion of a lacz expression cassette into the ul50 open reading frame (jöns and mettenleiter, j. virol. 70, 1242-12 ... | 1997 | 9228681 |
| herpesviral abortion in domestic animals. | abortion or neonatal disease may follow infection with several alpha, beta and gamma-herpesviruses. the alpha-herpesvirus, equid herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1), causes single or epizootic abortions or neonatal deaths in equids, and the closely related virus ehv-4 causes sporadic equine abortions. in cattle, the alpha-herpesviruses, bovine herpesvirus-1 (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus) and bovine herpesvirus-5 (bovine encephalitis virus), and a gamma-herpesvirus, bovine herpesvirus-4, have all be ... | 1997 | 9232116 |
| immunohistologic diagnosis of pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) using monoclonal antibodies. | 1997 | 9249178 | |
| isolation and characterization of aujeszky's disease virus in captive brown bears from italy. | an epizootic of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) in four captive european brown bears (ursus arctos) in november 1994, in the val di non, trentino region, italy, was linked to consumption of raw pork. affected animals had severe pruritus resulting in self-mutilation, and all four died within 24 hr after onset of clinical signs. aujeszky's disease virus was isolated on first passage from the brain and was characterized by means of restriction endonuclease analysis. based on these data, we believ ... | 1997 | 9249712 |
| characterization of pseudorabies virus mutants expressing carboxy-terminal truncations of ge: evidence for envelope incorporation, virulence, and neurotropism domains. | glycoprotein e (ge) gene of pseudorabies virus (prv) is conserved among diverse alphaherpesviruses and therefore is predicted to be important for virus survival. ge contributes to viral spread from cell to cell in a variety of hosts and is responsible, in part, for increased virulence or pathogenesis of the virus. virulence and spread mediated by ge are thought to be highly correlated. we initiated this study to explore the hypothesis that these two phenotypes might reflect separate functions of ... | 1997 | 9261363 |
| lack of virus transmission by the excimer laser plume. | to test the possibility of pathogenic virus transmission into the operating suite during excimer laser treatment of corneal tissue. such treatment vaporizes corneal tissue, which may put the surgeon at risk of infection from human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis virus, or other viruses. we developed a model system to test the possibility of such virus transmission. | 1997 | 9262544 |
| immunohistopathological characterization of pig pneumonia caused by a combined aujeszky's disease virus and actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection. | nine pigs were inoculated endobronchially with actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 (app-1) 6 days after infection with aujeszky's disease virus (adv); four died within 3 days and the remainder were killed after 1-6 days. immunohistopathologically, there were two types of pneumonic lesion: pleuropneumonia, characterized by coagulative necrosis, oedema and fibrinous thrombosis; and necrotizing interstitial pneumonia, characterized by bronchitis, bronchiolitis and alveolitis. the former type ... | 1997 | 9263842 |
| field trial to evaluate the immunogenicity of pseudorabies virus vaccines with deletions for glycoproteins g and e. | to evaluate, under field conditions, the immunogenicity of 2 pseudorabies virus (prv) vaccines (each with deletion of the gene for glycoprotein g [gg], and 1 with an additional deletion for glycoprotein e [ge]), particularly in the presence of maternal antibodies, and to investigate the effect of vaccination schedules in overcoming maternal antibody interference with vaccination. | 1997 | 9285001 |
| biological properties of three mexican isolates of aujeszky's disease virus. | four strains of aujeszky's disease virus (adv) were included in this study; three mexican field isolates (215,145 and c-8) in conjunction with the shope reference strain of adv, which has known pathogenic characteristics. all four strains were included in each treatment, which consisted of heat treatment, trypsin treatment and passed ten times on chicken embryo fibroblasts. both virus titer and plaque size were determined on the first and tenth passage and on treated and untreated strains. on ea ... | 1997 | 9291629 |
| protection of pigs against aujeszky's disease by dna vaccination. | vaccination with dna constructs encoding viral antigens has been shown to induce antiviral immunity in various model hosts. however, relevant natural virus-host systems have so far been analysed to only a very limited extent. to test the efficacy of dna vaccination in an economically important large animal, pigs were immunized against aujeszky's disease, a serious virus infection caused by the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv), which is characterized by severe central nervous and respira ... | 1997 | 9291999 |
| deletion of glycoprotein gm of pseudorabies virus results in attenuation for the natural host. | glycoprotein m (gm) is one of the very few non-essential glycoproteins conserved throughout the herpesvirus family. despite this conservation little is known about its function in virus replication. to test for the importance of gm in vivo in a natural virus-host system, 6-week-old piglets were intranasally infected with a gm- mutant of the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv). following infection virus excretion from the nasal mucosa was decreased ca. 100-fold compared to wild-type or reve ... | 1997 | 9292000 |
| [detection of the aujeszky disease virus by nested polymerase chain reaction]. | 1997 | 9297101 | |
| proceedings of the 2nd international symposium on the eradication of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus and the 2nd international symposium on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs). copenhagen, denmark, 6-10 august 1995. | 1997 | 9297335 | |
| protective effect of glycoprotein gc-rich antigen against pseudorabies virus. | a trial vaccine containing pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoprotein gc as the main component showed excellent protection against virulent virus infection in pigs. glycoprotein gc-rich antigen was prepared by heparin affinity chromatography from prv-infected cell lysates. the preparations were mixed with mineral oil adjuvant as a water-in-oil emulsion. six-week-old pigs were immunized twice at two-week intervals with trial vaccines containing 128,000, 12,800 and 1,280 ha units per dose of gc antigen ... | 1997 | 9300361 |
| effect of heparin on a haemagglutinin of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | heparin inhibited haemagglutination by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and by aujesky's disease virus, but failed to inhibit haemagglutination by parainfluenza virus type 3. the minimal inhibitory concentration of heparin required to inhibit 8 ha u of prrsv haemagglutinin ranged from 0.1 to 1 u ml-1. mouse erythrocytes failed to combine with the haemagglutination inhibitory factor of heparin. however, mouse erythrocytes treated with heparinase had greatly reduced aggl ... | 1997 | 9300545 |
| detection of wild-type aujeszky's disease virus by polymerase chain reaction in sheep vaccinated with a modified live vaccine strain. | an outbreak of aujeszky's disease occurred in a flock of sheep which had been housed together with pigs. after the death of five sheep with clinical signs of aujeszky's disease, the remaining sheep were vaccinated with the bartha vaccine strain, and the pigs were vaccinated with the 783 vaccine strain of aujeszky's disease virus. despite vaccination, however, more sheep died. brain tissues from four sheep were collected for virus isolation and for immunohistological examinations. only vaccine vi ... | 1997 | 9300547 |
| successful pseudorabies vaccination in maternally immune piglets using recombinant vaccinia virus vaccines. | three gilts were vaccinated with a nyvac vaccinia recombinant expressing glycoprotein gd of pseudorabies virus (prv) (nyvac/gd). after farrowing, the piglets were allowed to nurse normally to obtain colostral immunity and then were divided into four groups, receiving nyvac/gd, a nyvac recombinant expressing glycoprotein gb of prv (nyvac/gb), an inactivated prv vaccine (iprv), or no vaccine. the piglets were vaccinated twice, three weeks apart beginning at approximately two weeks of age and later ... | 1997 | 9300549 |
| pseudorabies virus glycoprotein l is necessary for virus infectivity but dispensable for virion localization of glycoprotein h. | herpesviruses contain a number of envelope glycoproteins which play important roles in the interaction between virions and target cells. although several glycoproteins are not present in all herpesviruses, others, including glycoproteins h and l (gh and gl), are conserved throughout the herpesviridae. to elucidate common properties and differences in herpesvirus glycoprotein function, corresponding virus mutants must be constructed and analyzed in different herpesvirus backgrounds. analysis of g ... | 1997 | 9311852 |
| dynamics of pseudorabies virus infections in vaccinated pig populations: a review. | this paper reviews our studies on the dynamics of pseudorabies virus (prv) infections in populations of vaccinated pigs. by using mathematical models, experiments, and field observations, we have been able to quantify prv transmission by the reproduction ratio r, which is defined as the average number of secondary cases caused by one infectious individual. if r is less than 1, prv infections will fade out in the pig population and eradication is certain. under experimental conditions, r of doubl ... | 1997 | 9323852 |
| antiviral activity of an extract from leaves of the tropical plant acanthospermum hispidum. | incubation of the alphaherpesviruses pseudorabiesvirus (prv) and bovine herpesvirus 1 during infection of cell cultures with an extract prepared from the leaves of acanthospermum hispidum impaired productive replication of these viruses in a concentration-dependent manner whereas propagation of classical swine fever virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus and vaccinia virus was not affected. the 50% inhibitory concentration for cell growth (ic50) was 107 +/- 5 microliters/ml, and the concentration r ... | 1997 | 9330761 |
| production of a baculovirus-derived gp50 protein and utilization in a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the serodiagnosis of pseudorabies virus. | the pseudorabies virus (prv) gp50 envelope glycoprotein gene was cloned and expressed in a recombinant baculovirus. an anti-gp50 mab (1842) recognized a protein of approximately 40 kda in immunoblotting assays from infected insect cell lysates, while this product was not present in cells infected with wild-type baculovirus. the recombinant protein was purified by lectin affinity chromatography, utilizing lectins specific for o-linked oligosaccharides (artocarpus integrifolia and glycine max). co ... | 1997 | 9342453 |
| antibody-induced and cytoskeleton-mediated redistribution and shedding of viral glycoproteins, expressed on pseudorabies virus-infected cells. | fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled porcine pseudorabies virus (prv) polyclonal antibodies were added to prv-infected swine kidney cells in vitro at 37 degrees c. in approximately 47% of the infected cells, the addition induced passive patching and subsequent energy- and microtubule-dependent capping of all viral envelope glycoproteins, expressed on the plasma membranes of the infected cells. further contraction and extrusion of the capped viral glycoproteins occurred in approximately 30% of the ... | 1997 | 9343177 |
| characterisation of aujeszky's disease viruses isolated from domestic animals and from a wild boar (sus scrofa) in italy between 1972 and 1995. | following the isolation of a group i aujeszky's disease virus from a wild boar in 1993, an investigation was carried out on 30 italian aujeszky's disease viruses (adv's), isolated over a 23-yr period in 12 italian regions, by means of restriction endonuclease analysis. all strains isolated between 1972 and 1984 belong to group i. from 1984 onwards group ii isolates (ii and ii intermediate) replace group i isolates. the isolation of a group i virus in 1993 from a wild boar supports the hypothesis ... | 1997 | 9355249 |
| immunological characterisation of glycoprotein e of aujeszky's disease virus. | a panel of 14 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against glycoprotein e (ge) of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus (adv), which constitutes a representative sample of naturally occurring ge-specific antibodies in sera from infected animals, was produced and characterised. eleven topologically distinct antigenic domains represented by one or more mabs were identified on ge by using these mabs and three additional ge-specific mabs. three of the mabs available recognised conformation-independent epi ... | 1997 | 9381796 |
| the survival of salmonella anatum, pseudorabies virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in swine slurry. | the survival of salmonella anatum, pseudorabies virus (prv), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) in swine slurry was studied at different temperature (4 degrees c, 25 degrees c, and 37 degrees c) and ph (4.0, 7.0, and 10.0) conditions. the longest survival of s. anatum (56 days) was observed at 4 degrees c and ph 7.0. the pseudorabies and the prrs viruses also survived the longest at 4 degrees c and ph 7.0 but were inactivated within 8 and 14 days, respectively. | 1997 | 9385609 |
| pseudorabies in captive coyotes. | pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) was diagnosed in three adult captive coyotes (canis latrans) from southern indiana (usa). the coyotes died in their outdoor enclosure within a 48 hr period. histopathology revealed multifocal, nonsuppurative meningioencephalitis and eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies within neurons. samples of brain were positive for pseudorabies virus by fluorescent antibody testing and virus isolation. source of infection was the probable consumption of pseudorabies vi ... | 1997 | 9391985 |
| effective priming of neonates born to immune dams against the immunogenic pseudorabies virus glycoprotein gd by replication-incompetent adenovirus-mediated gene transfer at birth. | one of the main limitations of the vaccination of neonates from vaccinated or infected mothers is the interference by inherited maternal antibodies, which are known to inhibit the immune response against both live and inactivated vaccines. the efficiency of bypassing this inhibition by the transfer of an immunogenic glycoprotein gene, the gd gene of pseudorabies virus (prv), into neonates was explored. the experiments were conducted in 1-day-old piglets, which are immunocompetent at birth. the s ... | 1997 | 9400981 |
| biologically safe, non-transmissible pseudorabies virus vector vaccine protects pigs against both aujeszky's disease and classical swine fever. | envelope glycoprotein d (gd) of pseudorabies virus (prv) is essential for penetration but is not required for cell-to-cell spread. when animals are inoculated with a phenotypically complemented prv gd mutant, the virus is able to spread locally by means of direct cell-to-cell transmission, but progeny virions released by infected cells are non-infectious because they lack gd. therefore, the virus cannot be transmitted from inoculated animals to other animals. this property makes a prv gd mutant ... | 1997 | 9400982 |
| detection of virus or virus specific nucleic acid in foodstuff or bioproducts--hazards and risk assessment. | there are two possibilities for virus contamination of foodstuff and bioproducts of animal origin: i) the presence of endogenous virus as a result of an acute or subclinical infection of animal raw material used for food processing or ii) contamination of food in the course of processing or thereafter. the latter must be considered as the highest risk for human consumers since the viral contamination mostly is caused by virus shedding people and the transmitted viruses are obligate human pathoge ... | 1997 | 9413526 |
| development of a semiquantitative pcr assay using internal standard and colorimetric detection on microwell plate for pseudorabies virus. | we have developed a semiquantitative pcr assay on microtitre plates for quantitation of pseudorabies virus (prv). the test is based on co-amplification with an internal control (ic) of the target viral dna, followed by hybridization of the biotin-amplified products on a capture probe covalently immobilized to a covalink-nh microwells plate and then visualization with colorimetric enzymatic reactions. pcr was performed in the presence of uracil-n-glycolsylase (ung) with dutp instead of dttp to pr ... | 1997 | 9500814 |
| acetylcholine reactivates latent pseudorabies virus in mice. | the latency model of pseudorabies virus (prv) wild strain, ys-81, in mice was established and latent prv reactivated with acetylcholine. the latent prv was reactivated from the trigeminal ganglia with acetylcholine. it was found that this model is useful in investigating the mechanism of latent prv reactivation by acetylcholine. | 1998 | 9506818 |
| enteric lesions induced by different pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) virus strains inoculated into closed intestinal loops of pigs. | three different strains of pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) virus were inoculated into ligated closed loops in the jejunum and ileum of five specific-pathogen-free pigs. infected areas were compared with respect to distribution of histologic lesions and pseudorabies virus antigen. two wild-type strains of pseudorabies virus produced enteric lesions consisting of necrosis of the subepithelial macrophages in the basilar crypt epithelium, necrosis of the lymphoid follicles in the peyer's patches, ... | 1998 | 9526858 |
| different patterns of neuronal infection after intracerebral injection of two strains of pseudorabies virus. | pseudorabies virus (prv), a swine neurotropic alphaherpesvirus, is known to invade the central nervous system (cns) of a variety of animal species through peripherally projecting axons, replicate in the parent neurons, and then pass transsynaptically to infect other neurons of a circuit. studies of the human pathogen herpes simplex virus type 1 have reported differences in the direction of transport of two strains of this virus after direct injection into the primate motor cortex. in the present ... | 1998 | 9557737 |
| experimental dual infection of cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived pigs with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and pseudorabies virus. | to determine whether pseudorabies virus (prv) infection increases the severity of pneumonia by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, 18, 10-week-old cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived pigs were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 6 pigs each. pigs in groups a and c were inoculated intranasally with m. hyopneumoniae at 10-week-old. at 11-week-old, pigs in groups b and c were inoculated intranasally with prv. all pigs were initially seronegative for m. hyopneumoniae and prv. three pigs of each group were eutha ... | 1998 | 9560775 |
| prevalence of antibodies of field pseudorabies virus in pigs of herd vaccinated with live vaccine. | this trial was performed in a 350-sow farrow-to-finish pig farm in which animals had been vaccinated against aujeszky's disease with glycoprotein gc deletion (gc(-)) vaccine. the prevalence of antibodies against field pseudorabies virus (prv) in serum samples collected from sows and fattening pigs during the period march 1995 to may 1997 was determined by using a commercial assay kit. the frequencies with which prv-positive sows were found were 28.9% and 25.0% in march and october of 1995, 12.5% ... | 1998 | 9560796 |
| glycoprotein b of aujeszky's disease virus: topographical epitope mapping and epitope-specific antibody response. | a panel of 26 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against glycoprotein b (gb) of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus (adv), a glycoprotein complex consisting of three glycoproteins, gba, gbb, and gbc, was produced by two research groups and was used for the topographical epitope mapping of gb. an epitope map was constructed in which the identified epitopes of gb were situated in 14 topologically distinct antigenic domains; ten antigenic domains represented by 22 mabs were localized on gbc, while fo ... | 1998 | 9561562 |
| simple and rapid purification of alphaherpesviruses by chromatography on a cation exchange membrane. | a simple and rapid method is described for the purification of two alphaherpesviruses, pseudorabies virus (prv) and bovine herpesvirus 1, by chromatography on a cation exchange membrane. cell culture supernatants were passed over a sulfonic-acid modified filter membrane and virions were eluted with a potassium chloride-containing buffer. over 85% of the virus was eluted within a single fraction and specific infectivity of the resulting virus preparation was over 10-fold higher than that of sucro ... | 1998 | 9562416 |
| effects of stress resulting from short-term restraint on in vitro functional capacity of leukocytes obtained from pigs. | to investigate whether the procedure used to snare and restrain pigs during collection of blood samples would alter in vitro functional capacity of leukocytes in the samples. | 1998 | 9563624 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 icp-0 induces reactivation of pseudorabies virus from latently infected trigeminal ganglia explant cultures. | pseudorabies virus (prv), like other alphaherpesviruses, is a neurotropic virus that can establish a latent infection in swine. reactivation of prv from latency may occur spontaneously or after induction with corticosteroids. the mechanisms involved in the establishment of latency and reactivation are currently unknown. here, we examined gene-specific reactivation of prv by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) immediate early protein, icp-0. primary neuronal cell cultures established from the tri ... | 1998 | 9572559 |
| role of envelope protein ge endocytosis in the pseudorabies virus life cycle. | several groups have reported that certain herpesvirus envelope proteins do not remain on the surface of cells that express them but rather are internalized by endocytosis in a recycling process. the biological function of membrane protein endocytosis in the virus life cycle remains a matter of speculation and debate. in this report, we demonstrate that some, but not all, membrane proteins encoded by the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv) are internalized after reaching the plasma membrane ... | 1998 | 9573220 |
| vaccine-induced, pseudorabies virus-specific, extrathymic cd4+cd8+ memory t-helper cells in swine. | pseudorabies virus (prv; suid herpesvirus 1) infection causes heavy economic losses in the pig industry. therefore, vaccination with live attenuated viruses is practiced in many countries. this vaccination was demonstrated to induce extrathymic virus-specific memory cd4+cd8+ t lymphocytes. due to their major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii-restricted proliferation, it is generally believed that these t lymphocytes function as memory t-helper cells. to directly prove this hypothesis, 15 ... | 1998 | 9573253 |
| pseudorabies in the european wild boar from eastern germany. | sera collected from european wild boar (sus scrofa) shot in eastern germany between january 1991 and december 1994 were tested for antibodies to pseudorabies virus (prv). of 3,143 sera tested, 281 (8.9%) and 13 (0.4%) were positive and suspect in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), respectively. the specificity of the reactions was confirmed by detection of neutralizing antibodies in 220 sera (74.8%) and by immunoblotting. analysis of host age and sex of the animals, temporal and spati ... | 1998 | 9577771 |
| antiviral effect of trimeric 2',5'-oligoadenylic acid and some of its analogues. | the antiviral effect of 2',5'-trioligoadenylate (2',5'-a3) and some of its analogues was studied using several model cell culture systems and viruses: mice l929 fibroblast cells inoculated with vaccine virus, testicular piglet cells inoculated with aueszki disease virus (strain buk-628), and the same culture inoculated with a reference strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus, strain purdue-115. our results suggest that both 2',5'-trioligoadenylate and its analogues are promising antiviral ... | 1998 | 9579338 |
| neuronal connections between the auricular skin and the sympathetic pre- and postganglionic neurons of the dog as studied by using pseudorabies virus. | pseudorabies virus (prv) as a neuronal tracer was microinjected into the concave surface of the puppy's left pinna to establish the morphological basis of somato-visceral linkage. the virus infected neurons were detected by fitc conjugated with polyclonal swine anti-prv serum. labelled neurons were localized in: (1) the trigeminal, geniculate and superior vagal ganglia; (2) the subnucleus caudalis of the spinal trigeminal nucleus; (3) the intermediolateral column (iml) of the thoracolumbar segme ... | 1998 | 9579650 |
| diagnosis of aujeszky's disease virus infection in dogs by use of immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridization. | aujeszky's disease (ad) was diagnosed in seven dogs by histological examination, immunohistochemistry and dna in-situ hybridization. all dogs which lived on two swine farms died spontaneously showing an acute neurological syndrome (hypersalivation, vomiting, pruritus, depression and coma). the most significant histopathological lesion was a non-suppurative encephalitis located in the brain stem, mainly near the floor of the ivth ventricle. aujeszky's disease virus (adv) antigen and adv nucleic a ... | 1998 | 9591471 |
| effect of heparin on hemagglutination by equine arteritis virus. | heparin inhibited hemagglutination (ha) by equine arteritis virus (eav) as well as did ha by aujeszky's disease virus (adv), but failed to inhibit ha by parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3). the minimal concentration of heparin required to inhibit 8 ha u of eav was 0.1 u/ml. in addition, most eav hemagglutinin was retained by heparin acrylic beads, as was adv hemagglutinin, but was not piv-3 hemagglutinin. mouse erythrocytes failed to combine with the ha inhibitory factor of heparin. however, mous ... | 1998 | 9592716 |
| a restriction cleavage and transfection system for introducing foreign dna sequences into the genome of a herpesvirus. | this report describes a simple and efficient system for construction of recombinant pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) virus (prv) which is based on the use of a unique restriction site inserted into the viral genome. this system enables the recovery of genetically modified viruses without screening or selection for a specific phenotype, since practically all mature viral particles obtained carry the foreign sequences. to demonstrate, we introduced the tumour suppressor protein-53 (p53) gene into ... | 1998 | 9602503 |
| actinobacillus pleuropneumonia serotype 2--effects on the interferon-alpha production of porcine leukocytes in vivo and in vitro. | effects of a bacterial infection on the ifn-alpha production in vivo and in vitro were studied in eight specific pathogen free pigs experimentally infected with actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. clinically, the experimental infection was manifested as a febrile stage which lasted approximately one week and by signs of respiratory disease. the aujeszky's disease virus (adv) induced ifn-alpha production, assessed in whole blood cultures, was increased for the infected pigs during the febrile stage. ... | 1998 | 9611683 |
| quantitative detection of porcine interferon-gamma in response to mitogen, superantigen and recall viral antigen. | five monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for porcine interferon-gamma (poifn-gamma) were isolated and utilized to develop a poifn-gamma sandwich elisa. specific reactivity of each mab with e. coli derived recombinant poifn-gamma, but not with rpoil-2 or rpoll-10, was confirmed in an indirect elisa and in western blots. competitive elisas showed that mabs p2a4 and p2c11 bound an epitope which was not recognized by mabs p2g10, p1b7 or p2f6. the latter three mabs were able to neutralize the abili ... | 1998 | 9613440 |
| immune responses in pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). | in three successive experiments, the immune functions of pigs persistently infected with the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) have been evaluated. non-specific immune responses were analyzed over a period of 12 weeks post-infection (pi). in addition, the capacity of prrsv-infected pigs to develop an efficient immune response against pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoproteins and to resist to a subsequent virulent challenge was investigated. our results demonstrate that prr ... | 1998 | 9613472 |
| [control of the identity of blood samples for the surveillance of research on swine vesicular disease and aujeszky's disease]. | a surveillance programme for swine vesicular disease (svd) and aujeszky disease was set up in 1993 in the netherlands. blood samples are taken from pigs by local veterinarians to enable testing for the presence of antibodies against these viruses. a programme to guarantee the identity of pigs tested for these diseases has been in operation since late 1995. in this programme, pigs are identified on the basis of the dna profiles of blood and hair samples. the hair samples are collected by the depa ... | 1998 | 9618820 |