Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| two novel genes of herpes simplex virus type 1 involved in cell fusion. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) r mutants, which were defective in fusion function, were isolated from fusion inducing strains g7471 and g51, and classified into several groups by complementation (yamamoto and kabuta, 1977; yamamoto et al. 1989). marker rescue experiments of intact dna from r mutants with ecori fragments of g7471 dna revealed that the r mutations belonging to the groups a, b, e, f, g, and h were located in ecori-g, -c, -d, -h, -b, and -d fragments, respectively. the mutation ... | 1993 | 8007624 |
| activation of rna polymerase iii transcription of human alu elements by herpes simplex virus. | we found that hsv infection of hela cells strongly induces rna polymerase iii transcription of endogenous human alu elements, resulting in the accumulation of high levels of cytoplasmic rnas initiated from alu pol iii promoters. induction required viral protein synthesis and occurred during infection with a viral mutant bearing a null mutation in the immediate-early (ie) gene encoding icp4, suggesting that one or more ie proteins are sufficient for activation. however, mutations in each of the o ... | 1994 | 8009851 |
| immunology and herpetic keratitis. | 1994 | 8013704 | |
| rapid diagnosis of herpetic keratitis using direct immunoperoxidase technique. | the direct immunoperoxidase technique was tested for diagnosis of herpetic keratitis. the technique was performed on corneal epithelial specimens from 28 herpetic keratitis cases and 12 controls. ulcers were stained with rose bengal or fluorescein and examined at the slit-lamp biomicroscope to differentiate between herpetic and nonherpetic etiology. scrapings obtained from the corneal epithelial ulcers were stained with direct immunoperoxidase technique. the whole procedure, including staining a ... | 1994 | 8017196 |
| herpes simplex virus involvement of the lower respiratory tract following surgery. | 1994 | 8020332 | |
| analysis of the thymidine kinase of a herpes simplex virus type 1 isolate that exhibits resistance to (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine. | the mechanism responsible for the decreased sensitivity of a clinical herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) isolate, hsv-145, to (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu) was examined. measurements of 50% inhibitory doses of several drugs demonstrated that although hsv-145 was sensitive to phosphonoacetic acid, adenine arabinoside and acyclovir, its sensitivity to bvdu and 5-(2-chloroethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine was significantly less than that normally observed for hsv-1. analysis of the thymidylate ... | 1994 | 8021603 |
| interferon-alpha generation in mice responding to challenge with uv-inactivated herpes simplex virus. | in humans with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, an interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) response by a specialized blood mononuclear cell to herpes simplex virus (hsv) in vitro is associated with resistance to opportunistic infections. a cell type of unknown lineage, designated the natural ifn-producing cell (nipc), has been identified preliminarily as the source of these ifns and may have a role in other host defense functions. earlier studies suggested the existence of analogous h ... | 1994 | 8027590 |
| n-linked oligosaccharides on herpes simplex virus glycoprotein gd are not essential for establishment of viral latency or reactivation in the mouse eye model. | glycoprotein d (gd) is an essential component of the herpes simplex virus (hsv) envelope. it is essential for viral penetration and for cell to cell spread of virus in vitro, and is also important for neuroinvasiveness. we investigated the contribution of n-linked oligosaccharides (n-cho) on gd to viral pathogenesis. we used f-gd(qaa), a mutant virus derived from strain f of hsv-1. this virus contains three mutations in the gd gene which eliminate all signals for addition of n-cho. these mutatio ... | 1994 | 8030209 |
| [sensitivities to other antiviral drugs and thymidine kinase activity of aciclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus type 1]. | sensitivity tests of various antiviral drugs on aciclovir-resistant strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) were done in vitro. activity of thymidine kinase (tk) of the aciclovir-resistant strains was also investigated. a strain of hsv-1 isolated from a patient with herpes labialis was grown in eagle's minimum essential medium containing 10(-6)m aciclovir (acv) and passaged 20 times. then acv-resistant strains of hsv-1 were obtained. sensitivity tests of 5 anti-herpetic agents (acv, ganci ... | 1994 | 8030564 |
| synergistic antiviral activities of oligonucleoside methylphosphonates complementary to herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate-early mrnas 4, 5, and 1. | an oligonucleoside methylphosphonate (onmp) complementary to the splice acceptor site of immediate-early (ie) pre-mrnas 4 and 5 (ie4,5sa) inhibits herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) growth in vitro and in infected animals. the antiviral effect appears to be due to inhibition of ie pre-mrna 4 and 5 splicing and/or ie4 gene expression (m. kulka, m. wachsman, s. miura, r. fishelevich, p. s. miller, p. o. p. ts'o, and l. aurelian, antiviral res. 20:115-130, 1993). we describe the potentiation of an ... | 1994 | 8031030 |
| prevalence of antibodies to herpes simplex virus in pregnant women in stockholm in 1969, 1983 and 1989: implications for std epidemiology. | prevalence of antibody to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 was assessed in consecutive serum samples from a total of 3700 women pregnant in 1969, 1983, or 1989 from the same catchment area in stockholm. there was little change in seroprevalence of antibody to herpes simplex type 1 in the 3 groups, but age-adjusted herpes simplex virus type 2 antibody prevalence was 19, 33, and 33% respectively. increase in type 2 seropositivity with age was slight and similar in 1969 and 1989, but steep in 198 ... | 1994 | 8031912 |
| successful treatment of progressive mucocutaneous infection due to acyclovir- and foscarnet-resistant herpes simplex virus with (s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine (hpmpc). | the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate (s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine (hpmpc) was used topically for the treatment of persistent mucocutaneous infections in two cases. one patient with aids suffered from a perineal lesion due to infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and did not respond to acyclovir and was intolerant of foscarnet. a bone marrow transplant recipient developed orofacial lesions due to infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) that failed to r ... | 1994 | 8038312 |
| apparent increase in the prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 genital infections among women. | 1994 | 8039792 | |
| the current trend in genital herpes. progress in prevention. | recent serosurveys indicate that the prevalence of genital herpes has continued to increase even during the decade of hiv. much of this continued transmission is due to the difficulty of identifying the subclinical carrier of hsv-2. the development of serologic assays that accurately distinguish hsv-1 from hsv-2 infection now allow such persons to be identified, and recent studies indicate almost all hsv-2 seropositives have symptoms and signs of reactivation hsv-2. moreover, over 50% will shed ... | 1994 | 8042114 |
| the herpes simplex virus type 1 ul37 gene product is a component of virus particles. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 ul37 gene encodes a protein with an m(r) of 120k that is produced at late times after infection. to study the properties of this protein we have linked a 10 amino acid epitope derived from a human cytomegalovirus protein to the ul37 polypeptide coding sequences by inserting an oligonucleotide at a spei site that is unique in the virus genome and lies close to the 3' end of the open reading frame. from studies on the resultant virus recombinant using a monoclonal a ... | 1994 | 8046407 |
| identification of a target protein of us3 protein kinase of herpes simplex virus type 2. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) gene us3 has been shown to encode a serine-threonine protein kinase. in this study, we have tried to identify target proteins of the us3 protein kinase using a us3 lacz insertion mutant of hsv-2. when permeabilized cells were labelled with [gamma-32p]atp under the optimum conditions for the us3 enzyme, the most striking difference between wild-type hsv-2 strain 186- and mutant-infected cells was observed in the phosphorylation of proteins ranging in m(r) value ... | 1994 | 8046410 |
| the interaction of glycoprotein c of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 with the alternative complement pathway. | glycoprotein c (gc) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or type 2 (hsv-2) binds the human complement fragment c3b, but the two proteins differ in their ability to bind c3b on infected cell surfaces. in addition, gc-1, but not gc-2, accelerates the decay of the alternative pathway c3 convertase, thereby affecting later steps of the complement cascade. previously, we constructed linker insertion and deletion mutants of gc-1 and gc-2 and used transient transfection to express mutant proteins in ... | 1994 | 8053154 |
| acute retinal necrosis caused by reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 2. | acute retinal necrosis is a severe form of necrotizing retinitis. acute retinal necrosis has been demonstrated to be caused by varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus type 1. we treated three patients with acute retinal necrosis apparently caused by recrudescence of latent herpes simplex virus type 2. primary viral infection was probably congenital, with documented perinatal herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in two patients. bilateral chorioretinal scars were present in two patients, ... | 1994 | 8053466 |
| phenotype of the herpes simplex virus type 1 protease substrate icp35 mutant virus. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 icp35 assembly protein is involved in the formation of viral capsids. icp35 is encoded by the ul26.5 gene and is specifically processed by the herpes simplex virus type 1 protease encoded by the ul26 gene. to better understand the functions of icp35 in infected cells, we have isolated and characterized an icp35 mutant virus, delta icp35. the mutant virus was propagated in complementing 35j cells, which express wild-type icp35. phenotypic analysis of delta icp35 sh ... | 1994 | 8057422 |
| cell-free assembly of the herpes simplex virus capsid. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) capsids were found to assemble spontaneously in a cell-free system consisting of extracts prepared from insect cells that had been infected with recombinant baculoviruses coding for hsv-1 capsid proteins. the capsids formed in this system resembled native hsv-1 capsids in morphology as judged by electron microscopy, in sedimentation rate on sucrose density gradients, in protein composition, and in their ability to react with antibodies specific for the hsv-1 m ... | 1994 | 8057482 |
| hsv type i lymphadenopathy. | 1994 | 8063293 | |
| evidence that levels of the dimeric cellular transcription factor cp2 play little role in the activation of the hiv-1 long terminal repeat in vivo or following superinfection with herpes simplex virus type 1. | the dimeric transcription factor cp2 binds a sequence element found near the transcription start site of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) long terminal repeat. several groups have suggested that cellular factors binding this element might play a role in modulating hiv-1 promoter activity in vivo. for example, induction of latent hiv-1 gene expression in response to superinfection by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or cytomegalovirus is thought to be mediated, in part, by factors bind ... | 1994 | 8063751 |
| effect of the major dna adduct of the antitumor drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (ii) on the activity of a helicase essential for dna replication, the herpes simplex virus type-1 origin-binding protein. | to determine the effect of the major dna adduct, the intrastrand d(gpg) cross-link, produced by the antitumor drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(ii) on the activity of a helicase known to be essential for dna replication, we have examined its interaction with the origin-binding protein (ul9 protein) of herpes simplex virus type-1. we found that the helicase activity of the ul9 protein is inhibited only when the adduct is present on the template strand along which the protein translocates. this ef ... | 1994 | 8063811 |
| kinetic studies with n2-phenylguanines and with l-thymidine indicate that herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine kinase and thymidylate kinase share a common active site. | it is known that the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-encoded thymidine kinase (tk) co-purifies with an associated thymidylate kinase (tmpk) activity and that thymidylate (tmp) inhibits the phosphorylation of thymidine by the hsv-1 tk. here we demonstrate that: (i) tmp phosphorylation catalysed by the viral tmpk is competitively inhibited by thymidine (tdr) with a ki equal to its km as substrate for the viral tk; (ii) l-thymidine (l-tdr), the enantiomer of the naturally occurring d-tdr and a ... | 1994 | 8068016 |
| nonsurgical closure of esophago-respiratory fistulas: role for the somatostatin analogue octreotide acetate? | esophago-respiratory fistulas (erf) do not close spontaneously and are uniformly fatal. a somatostatin analogue (octreotide acetate) was used in three consecutive patients to promote the closure of erf. in 2 patients with esophageal cancer, treatment with octreotide acetate was associated with fistula closure in 30 and 46 days, respectively. in a third patient with virally-induced erf, treatment was associated with improvement of the inflammation of the fistula before the patient's death from pu ... | 1994 | 8074130 |
| the herpes simplex virus gene ul26 proteinase in the presence of the ul26.5 gene product promotes the formation of scaffold-like structures. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) polypeptides encoded by genes ul26 and ul26.5 are thought to form a scaffold around which the capsid shell assembles. the ul26 gene specifies a proteinase that cleaves both itself and the ul26.5 gene product. to study the structure and function of the ul26 and ul26.5 gene products, the proteins were expressed in cells infected with recombinant baculoviruses containing the genes under the control of the polyhedrin promoter. both polypeptides were made in la ... | 1994 | 8077934 |
| long term herpes simplex virus type 1 infection of nerve growth factor-treated pc12 cells. | the behaviour of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) strain 17 in tissue cultures of pc12 cells treated with nerve growth factor (ngf) was studied. pc12 cells respond to ngf by ceasing to proliferate and extending long neurites. after differentiation with ngf, cultures were infected with hsv-1 and maintained in the presence of the hormone for several weeks. these long-term infected cultures were tested for hsv dna, transcripts and the ability to produce virus, before and after ngf removal. befor ... | 1994 | 8077952 |
| improved cell survival by the reduction of immediate-early gene expression in replication-defective mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1 but not by mutation of the virion host shutoff function. | derivatives of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) have elicited considerable interest as gene transfer vectors because of their ability to infect a wide range of cell types efficiently, including fully differentiated neurons. however, it has been found that infection of many types of cell with vectors derived from replication-defective mutants of hsv-1 is associated with cytopathic effects (cpe). we have previously shown that viral gene expression played an important role in the induction of cp ... | 1994 | 8083974 |
| herpes simplex virus and oral mucositis in children with cancer. | the relationship between herpes simplex virus (hsv) and oral mucositis was investigated in children undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy. hsv culture was performed in 20 children with stomatitis developing after antineoplastic chemotherapy. viral isolates were typed and susceptibility to acyclovir was investigated. the virus was isolated from oral lesions in 10 of 20 children with severe oral mucositis. viral reactivation was the most likely explanation in most cases, since hsv was isolated in ... | 1994 | 8087447 |
| identification and characterization of marek's disease virus genes homologous to icp27 and glycoprotein k of herpes simplex virus-1. | we have identified two marek's disease virus (mdv) genes within the ecori-b fragment of mdv-ga genomic dna. ecori-b is 11.3-kb long and maps within the long unique region of mdv genomes. a 3.2-kb fragment of ecori-b has been sequenced and contains two open reading frames, orf53 and orf54. orf53 (mdv gk), a homolog to hsv-1 glycoprotein k (gk), is 1062 nucleotides long and encodes 354 amino acids (39.5 kda). orf54, designated mdv icp27, based on significant similarity to hsv-1 icp27, is 1419 nucl ... | 1994 | 8091655 |
| epidemiology of genital herpes infections. | much has been learned in the last decade about the epidemiology of genital herpes infections, including new information about seroprevalence and the risk of transmission of genital herpes to sex partners and at delivery. unfortunately, the type-specific serologic assays now routinely used in these studies are not widely available, and commercially available assays that claim to be type-specific are not. thus, most clinicians still do not have access to reliable type-specific assays. in cross-sec ... | 1993 | 8106731 |
| molecular evolution of herpesviruses: genomic and protein sequence comparisons. | phylogenetic reconstruction of herpesvirus evolution is generally founded on amino acid sequence comparisons of specific proteins. these are relevant to the evolution of the specific gene (or set of genes), but the resulting phylogeny may vary depending on the particular sequence chosen for analysis (or comparison). in the first part of this report, we compare 13 herpesvirus genomes by using a new multidimensional methodology based on distance measures and partial orderings of dinucleotide relat ... | 1994 | 8107249 |
| the equine herpesvirus type 1 glycoprotein homologous to herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein m is a major constituent of the virus particle. | glycoprotein 45 is a major envelope glycoprotein of equine herpesvirus type 1. the gene encoding this protein is located between map units 0.615 and 0.636 on the virus genome and evidence has suggested that it is encoded by gene 52, one of four genes within this region. using pcr we have amplified gene 52 and subsequently cloned it into a mammalian expression vector under the control of the human cytomegalovirus immediate early gene promoter. the gene was expressed in cos-7 cells and its product ... | 1994 | 8113768 |
| [incidence and etiology of viremia in 2,619 patients]. | virus investigation, specially cytomegalovirus (cmv), in blood has increased such that the capacity of hospitalary laboratories is threatened with collapse. the causal agents of viremia are analyzed being correlated with the clinical symptoms and underlying disease to establish the selection criteria of patients for virologic study. | 1994 | 8127163 |
| mechanism of cytostatic action of novel 5-(thien-2-yl)- and 5-(furan-2-yl)-substituted pyrimidine nucleoside analogues against tumor cells transfected by the thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus. | several novel 5-substituted 2'-deoxyuridine (durd) analogues were evaluated as substrates for highly purified herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-encoded thymidine kinase (tk) derived from hsv-1 tk gene-transfected murine mammary carcinoma fm3a cells, and human platelet thymidine (dthd) phosphorylase. the ki of 5-(furan-2-yl)-durd, 5-(thien-2-yl)-durd and 5-(thien-2-yl)-dcyd for hsv-1 tk was 0.94, 0.71, and 1.32 microm, respectively. inhibition was competitive with respect to the natural substra ... | 1994 | 8132526 |
| immunotherapy of acute and recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 infection with an adjuvant-free form of recombinant glycoprotein d-interleukin-2 fusion protein. | previous studies demonstrated that the adjuvant-free form of a fusion protein consisting of a truncated herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoprotein d and human interleukin-2 (tgd-il-2) elicited superior protective immunity in mice. in this study, the immunotherapeutic efficacy of tgd-il-2 against vaginal hsv-2 infection was investigated using a guinea pig model. footpad injections of tgd-il-2 (12.5 micrograms/dose) after the onset of primary lesions strongly suppressed recurrence in the chr ... | 1994 | 8133093 |
| effect of heparin on hemagglutinin of herpes simplex virus type 1. | heparin inhibited the hemagglutinin activity of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1. the minimal inhibitory concentration of heparin required to inhibit 8 hemagglutination (ha) u of hsv ranged from 0.005 to 0.01 u/ml. mouse erythrocytes failed to combine with the ha inhibitory factor of heparin. on the other hand, mouse erythrocytes treated with heparinase had greatly reduced agglutinability by hsv. virus-heparin complex formation was observed by sedimenting heparin with the virus particles. | 1993 | 8133804 |
| expression of seven herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoproteins (gb, gc, gd, ge, gg, gh, and gi): comparative protection against lethal challenge in mice. | we have constructed recombinant baculoviruses individually expressing seven of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoproteins (gb, gc, gd, ge, gg, gh, and gi). vaccination of mice with gb, gc, gd, ge, or gi resulted in production of high neutralizing antibody titers to hsv-1 and protection against intraperitoneal and ocular challenge with lethal doses of hsv-1. this protection was statistically significant and similar to the protection provided by vaccination with live nonvirulent hsv-1 ( ... | 1994 | 8138996 |
| herpes simplex virus vp16 forms a complex with the virion host shutoff protein vhs. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) virions contain at least two regulatory proteins that modulate gene expression in infected cells: the transcriptional activator vp16 and the virion host shutoff protein vhs. vp16 stimulates transcription of the hsv immediate-early genes, and vhs suppresses host protein synthesis and induces accelerated turnover of cellular and viral mrnas. we report here that vhs binds directly to vp16: vhs and vp16 were coprecipitated from infected cells by an anti-vhs antiserum, and ... | 1994 | 8139019 |
| cellular protein interactions with herpes simplex virus type 1 oris. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) origin of dna replication, oris, contains an at-rich region and three highly homologous sequences, sites i, ii, and iii, identified as binding sites for the hsv-1 origin-binding protein (obp). in the present study, interactions between specific oris dna sequences and proteins in uninfected cell extracts were characterized. the formation of one predominant protein-dna complex, m, was demonstrated in gel shift assays following incubation of uninfected cell e ... | 1994 | 8139557 |
| diagnostic impression cytology for herpes simplex keratitis. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) antigens in corneal or conjunctival epithelial lesions were detected by impression cytology. specimens were obtained using a nitrocellulose membrane and were stained by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. hsv antigens were demonstrated in 30 of 32 patients with herpes simplex keratitis or conjunctivitis. impression specimens of dendritic or stellate keratitis lesions exhibited precise replicas of corneal lesions with numerous antigen-positive cells. hsv antigens were ... | 1993 | 8145397 |
| electron microscopic findings in a cornea with recurrence of herpes simplex keratitis after excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy. | excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy is emerging as an alternative therapy to corneal transplantation for the treatment of multiple corneal diseases. we report three cases of recurrence of herpes simplex keratitis after treatment of herpetic corneal scars with the excimer laser. in two cases, the patients underwent subsequent corneal transplantation. one corneal button examined with transmission electron microscopy (tem) demonstrated a well-differentiated epithelium over the area of ablati ... | 1994 | 8149573 |
| photodynamic inactivation of herpes viruses with phthalocyanine derivatives. | the antiviral photosensitization capacity of 11 different phthalocyanine (pc) derivatives was examined using herpes simplex virus-1, herpes simplex virus-2 and varicella zoster virus in the search for the most potent sensitizers for viral decontamination of blood. the kinetics of viral photoinactivation were resolved during the stages of viral adsorption and penetration into the host cells. the capacity of pc in the photodynamic inactivation of viruses was compared with that of merocyanine 540 ( ... | 1994 | 8151454 |
| a herpes simplex virus 1 us11-expressing cell line is resistant to herpes simplex virus infection at a step in viral entry mediated by glycoprotein d. | a baby hamster kidney [bhk(tk-)] cell line (us11cl19) which stably expresses the us11 and alpha 4 genes of herpes simplex virus 1 strain f [hsv-1(f)] was found to be resistant to infection with hsv-1. although wild-type hsv-1(f) attached with normal kinetics to the surface of us11cl19 cells, most cells showed no evidence of infection and failed to accumulate detectable amounts of alpha mrnas. the relationship between the expression of ul11 and resistance to hsv infection in us11cl19 cells has no ... | 1994 | 8151754 |
| the ul21 gene products of herpes simplex virus 1 are dispensable for growth in cultured cells. | a viral deletion mutant (delta ul21) that lacked the sequences encoding 484 of the predicted first 535 amino acids of the ul21 open reading frame was genetically engineered and studied with respect to its phenotype in cells in culture. we report the following. (i) the replication of delta ul21 was identical to that of the parent herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) strain f in vero cells, but the yields were three- to fivefold lower than those of the parent virus in human embryonic lung cells. (ii) to ... | 1994 | 8151763 |
| deletion of the varicella-zoster virus large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase impairs growth of virus in vitro. | cells infected with varicella-zoster virus (vzv) express a viral ribonucleotide reductase which is distinct from that present in uninfected cells. vzv open reading frames 18 and 19 (orf18 and orf19) are homologous to the herpes simplex virus type 1 genes encoding the small and large subunits of ribonucleotide reductase, respectively. we generated recombinant vzv by transfecting cultured cells with four overlapping cosmid dnas. to construct a virus lacking ribonucleotide reductase, we deleted 97% ... | 1994 | 8151792 |
| localized gene transfer into organotypic hippocampal slice cultures and acute hippocampal slices. | viral vectors derived from herpes simplex virus, type-1 (hsv), can transfer and express genes into fully differentiated, post-mitotic neurons. these vectors also transduce cells effectively in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. nanoliter quantities of a virus stock of hsvlac, an hsv vector that directs expression of e. coli beta-galactosidase (beta-gal), were microapplied into stratum pyramidale or stratum granulosum of slice cultures. twenty-four hours later, a cluster of transduced cells ... | 1993 | 8152244 |
| increased replication in hiv/hsv co-infection. | 1994 | 8155533 | |
| aggravation of herpetic stromal keratitis after murine epidermal grown factor topical application. | we evaluated the epithelializing-promoting effect of a concentration of 0.005 mg/ml murine epidermal growth factor (megf), topically administered four times daily, on the herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) corneal ulcers of the rabbit eye. the severity of the herpetic lesions was evaluated clinically, after the time course of the severity of epithelial keratitis, conjunctivitis, iritis, and stromal disease, for 14 days. a histological assessment was performed in the middle and at the end of the foll ... | 1994 | 8156789 |
| viral transduction of trka into cultured nodose and spinal motor neurons conveys ngf responsiveness. | the trka gene encodes the tyrosine kinase receptor that transduces the ngf signal. we have used a defective herpes simplex virus-1 (hsv-1) vector containing a full-length rat trka sequence (phsvtrka) to express ngf receptors in primary cultures of neonatal nodose neurons and embryonic spinal motor neurons which are normally unresponsive to ngf. transduction of rat neonatal nodose ganglion neurons and spinal motor neurons with phsvtrka resulted in expression of functional ngf receptors. stimulati ... | 1994 | 8174770 |
| restricted herpes simplex virus type 1 gene expression within sensory neurons in the absence of functional b and t lymphocytes. | herpes simplex virus type i (hsv-1) establishes a latent infection in sensory ganglion neurons. during latency no viral-specific proteins are detected and virus gene expression is restricted to the latency-associated transcripts. we report here that trigeminal ganglia of mice with severe combined immunodeficiency contain individual sensory neurons exhibiting restricted viral gene expression characteristic of latency; this occurred during acute (4-6 days) infection with the wild-type hsv-1 strain ... | 1994 | 8178461 |
| development of anti-tumor immunity following thymidine kinase-mediated killing of experimental brain tumors. | using the 9l experimental brain tumor model, we studied long-term tumor regression and immunologic consequences of tumor killing in a model of in vivo gene transfer of the herpes simplex virus 1 thymidine kinase (hsv-tk) gene and ganciclovir (gcv) treatments. fibroblasts modified to produce retroviral vectors carrying the hsv-tk gene were implanted into established 9l brain tumors in fischer 344 rats to carry out gene transfer. animals were then treated with parenteral gcv. significant tumor reg ... | 1994 | 8183911 |
| an improved method for cloning portions of the repeat regions of herpes simplex virus type 1. | the use of a low copy number plasmid to enhance greatly the ability to clone herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) dna is described. certain regions of the hsv-1 dna have been extremely difficult to clone. particular difficulties have often been encountered in the long and short viral repeats. attempts to clone certain hsv-1 sequences using common plasmids produced plasmids containing inserts of unusual size and/or plasmids smaller than the original plasmid. the reason for these cloning difficulti ... | 1994 | 8188808 |
| a rapid simple in situ hybridization method for herpes simplex virus employing a synthetic biotin-labeled oligonucleotide probe: a comparison with immunohistochemical methods for hsv detection. | we examined 28 paraffin-embedded tissue specimens with histologic evidence of herpes virus infection by in situ hybridization (ish) utilizing manual capillary action technology (microprobe staining system) and a 21 base synthetic multibiotinylated oligonucleotide probe from the hsv glycoprotein c region. the results were compared to a rapid simple immunohistochemical (ihc) protocol for detection of hsv proteins. hsv was detected by ish and ihc in all but one specimen which was shown to be positi ... | 1994 | 8189321 |
| preexisting nuclear architecture defines the intranuclear location of herpesvirus dna replication structures. | herpes simplex virus dna replication proteins localize in characteristic patterns corresponding to viral dna replication structures in the infected cell nucleus. the intranuclear spatial organization of the hsv dna replication structures and the factors regulating their nuclear location remain to be defined. we have used the hsv icp8 dna-binding protein and bromodeoxyuridine labeling as markers for sites of herpesviral dna synthesis to examine the spatial organization of these structures within ... | 1994 | 8189490 |
| transcriptional mapping of the varicella-zoster virus regulatory genes encoding open reading frames 4 and 63. | four of the 68 varicella-zoster virus (vzv) unique open reading frames (orfs), i.e., orfs 4, 61, 62, and 63, encode proteins that influence viral transcription and are considered to be positional homologs of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) immediate-early (ie) proteins. in order to identify the elements that regulate transcription of vzv orfs 4 and 63, the encoded mrnas were mapped in detail. for orf 4, a major 1.8-kb and a minor 3.0-kb polyadenylated [poly(a)+] rna were identified, whereas ... | 1994 | 8189496 |
| helicase-primase complex of herpes simplex virus type 1: a mutation in the ul52 subunit abolishes primase activity. | the ul52 gene product of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) comprises one subunit of a 3-protein helicase-primase complex that is essential for replication of viral dna. the functions of the individual subunits of the complex are not known with certainty, although it is clear that the ul8 subunit is not required for either helicase or primase activity. examination of the predicted amino acid sequence of the ul5 gene reveals the existence of conserved helicase motifs; it seems likely, therefore, ... | 1994 | 8189507 |
| ul69 of human cytomegalovirus, an open reading frame with homology to icp27 of herpes simplex virus, encodes a transactivator of gene expression. | the ul69 open reading frame of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) is homologous to the immediate-early protein icp27 of herpes simplex virus, an essential viral regulatory protein involved in the transition from early to late gene expression. genes with homology to icp27 have been detected in all subclasses of herpesviruses so far. while the respective proteins in alpha- and gammaherpesviruses have been defined as trans-regulatory molecules, nothing is known about these genes in betaherpesviruses. thi ... | 1994 | 8189530 |
| human fetal antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity to herpes simplex virus-infected cells. | human fetal antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) has not been reported previously. most investigations have failed to document any cytolytic activity among fetal lymphocytes. the purpose of this study was to investigate adcc activity in the human fetus and identify and characterize the effector cell populations in the fetus. fetal spleen cells were separated into single-cell suspensions and assayed with 51cr-labeled herpes simplex 1-infected chang liver target cells. significant adcc ... | 1994 | 8190515 |
| carriage, transfer and interaction of oral viruses and bacteria. | carriage of antigens and infectious herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and human adenovirus type 1 (ad-1) by salivary leukocytes was compared with the antibacterial activity of oral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl) and with the spectrum of oral bacterial and fungal flora. risk of iatrogenic infections by microbes was assessed by detecting these viruses and microbes after disinfecting dental instruments. the results indicate carriage of antigens and infectious viruses in each age group betwee ... | 1993 | 8191866 |
| effect of genetically determined host factors on the efficacy of vidarabine, acyclovir and 5-trifluorothymidine in herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. | the susceptibility of herpes simplex virus (hsv) to acyclovir (acv), 5-trifluorothymidine (tft) and vidarabine (ara-a) in hsv-infected embryo fibroblasts from balb/c and c57bl/6 mice as well as vero cells were measured. ara-a and tft (at its highest concentration) were more effective in vero cells and balb/c mouse embryo fibroblasts (mef) than in c57bl/6 mef. in contrast, acv was more effective in c57bl/6 mef than balb/c mef and vero cells. these data suggest that genetically determined differen ... | 1994 | 8196938 |
| finding a needle in a haystack: detection of a small protein (the 12-kda vp26) in a large complex (the 200-mda capsid of herpes simplex virus). | macromolecular complexes that consist of homopolymeric protein frameworks with additional proteins attached at strategic sites for a variety of structural and functional purposes are widespread in subcellular biology. one such complex is the capsid of herpes simplex virus type 1 whose basic framework consists of 960 copies of the viral protein, vp5 (149 kda), arranged in an icosahedrally symmetric shell. this shell also contains major amounts of three other proteins, including vp26 (12 kda), a s ... | 1994 | 8202543 |
| recovery of viruses other than cytomegalovirus from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. | to determine the yield and diagnostic significance of performing viral cultures on specimens obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) in immunocompromised patients. | 1994 | 8205876 |
| the nuclear location of pml, a cellular member of the c3hc4 zinc-binding domain protein family, is rearranged during herpes simplex virus infection by the c3hc4 viral protein icp0. | nd10 are nuclear domains of unknown function that become abundant in response to stress. infection by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) causes the apparent disappearance of these domains, an effect that requires the expression of the immediate early protein icp0. previously, we have shown that there are a number of cellular antigens in the nd10. in this report, we show that one of these proteins is pml, a member of the c3hc4 zinc-binding domain family which also includes icp0. the c3hc4 domain ... | 1994 | 8207389 |
| excision of dna fragments corresponding to the unit-length a sequence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and terminus variation predominate on one side of the excised fragment. | dna fragments corresponding to the unit-length a sequence of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) were identified in hsv-1 dna preparations extracted by the method of hirt. the dna fragments were molecularly cloned, and nucleotide sequences were determined. most termini of the fragments were at sites on dr1 corresponding to the termini of linear hsv-1 dna generated by the cleavage-packaging system. in one-step growth experiments, dna fragments of the unit-length a sequence appeared simultaneously ... | 1994 | 8207811 |
| a cosmid-based system for constructing mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1. | cosmids containing large fragments of herpes simplex virus type 1 dna were prepared using a vector that allows intact inserts to be excised using the restriction endonuclease paci. two independent sets (a and b) of five cosmids were identified whose inserts overlap and represent the entire viral genome, and set c was obtained by replacing two cosmids in set b. each set gave rise to viral plaques when digested with paci and transfected into cells in culture. two cosmids common to sets b and c ost ... | 1993 | 8212547 |
| dna sequence of a simian varicella virus gene that encodes a homologue of varicella zoster virus ie62 and herpes simplex virus icp4. | clinical and biological studies indicate that simian varicella virus (svv) infection of primates is the counterpart of human varicella zoster virus (vzv) infection. we have identified an svv open reading frame (orf) that is homologous to the vzv protein ie62 and herpes simplex virus (hsv) icp4. like the genes encoding the vzv and hsv proteins, the svv gene is located in the repeat region of the virus genome. its expression in svv-infected cells yields a 4.2-kb transcript. dna sequencing of the s ... | 1993 | 8212583 |
| herpes simplex type 1 encephalitis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | a severe acute necrotizing herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis, apparently mediated by macrophages or cytokines or both, was seen in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the necrosis had a distribution similar to that seen in immunocompetent subjects. viral inclusions were abundant and meningeal reaction was minimal, as previously described in one anergic patient. | 1993 | 8215251 |
| in vitro activity of a combretum micranthum extract against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | the authors demonstrate in vitro antiviral activity of a methanolic extract of combretum micranthum leaves against hsv-1 and hsv-2. this activity is present only in the extract dissolved 7 days before the assay, but not in the freshly prepared extract, thus indicating the presence of inactive precursors which undergo spontaneous transformations into active compounds. the alkaline autooxidation of the methanolic extract promotes this rapid transformation. the precursors have been identified as co ... | 1993 | 8215303 |
| identification of important residues within the putative nucleoside binding site of hsv-1 thymidine kinase by random sequence selection: analysis of selected mutants in vitro. | random sequence mutagenesis in conjunction with genetic complementation was used to map the function of amino acid residues within the putative nucleoside binding site of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) thymidine kinase (tk). six codons of the putative nucleoside binding site of the hsv-1 tk were substituted by a duplex of extended oligonucleotides containing 20% random sequences. approximately 260 mutants were screened for the ability to genetically complement a tk-deficient escherichia ... | 1993 | 8218229 |
| serum antibodies to herpes simplex virus types i and ii in depressed patients. | 1993 | 8218610 | |
| exacerbation of murine herpes simplex virus-mediated stromal keratitis by th2 type t cells. | corneal infection of susceptible mice with hsv-1 causes herpetic stromal keratitis (hsk), which serves as a model of human hsk. to study the properties of the t lymphocytes involved in hsk, susceptible mice were immunized with the synthetic peptide corresponding to the amino terminal of hsv-1-associated glycoprotein d (gd 5-23). a cd4+ long-term t cell line and a clone bearing v beta 8.2 tcr were derived from peptide-primed lymph node cells. these t cells recognize gd 5-23 peptide in the context ... | 1993 | 8228262 |
| direct contact with herpes simplex virus-infected cells results in inhibition of lymphokine-activated killer cells because of cell-to-cell spread of virus. | natural killer (nk) and lymphokine-activated killer (lak) cells are disarmed after contact with herpes simplex virus (hsv)-infected cells. cells infected with hsv-1 mutants that lack glycoproteins essential for viral entry into cells (gb, gd, gk, gh, and gl) did not inhibit lak cells; cells infected with hsv-1 mutants that lack glycoproteins not required for virus entry into cells (ge, gi, gg, and gj) inhibited lysis. lak cells became infected after contact with target cells infected with wild-t ... | 1993 | 8228345 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with encephalitis using the polymerase chain reaction. | herpes simplex encephalitis is a neurologic emergency demanding immediate institution of specific therapy in order to prevent mortality. diagnosis, however, is a complex matter with controversy existing over the appropriateness of brain biopsy. we report the demonstration of herpes simplex virus dna by means of the polymerase chain reaction (prc) in the cerebrospinal fluid of 3 patients with herpes simplex encephalitis. one of the patients suffered from brain-stem encephalitis with high intensit ... | 1993 | 8229072 |
| mutually exclusive binding of two cellular factors within a critical promoter region of the gene for the ie110k protein of herpes simplex virus. | we have examined the cis- and trans-acting factors involved in constitutive transcription of the promoter for the ie110k protein of herpes simplex virus type 1. our results indicate that while the ie110k gene is activated by vmw65, it also exhibits very efficient constitutive expression approximating that from the simian virus 40 early enhancer-promoter region. we show that despite the presence of multiple copies of the octamer consensus site which mediate oct-1 binding and subsequent vmw65 acti ... | 1993 | 8230442 |
| binding sites for the herpes simplex virus immediate-early protein icp4 impose an increased dependence on viral dna replication on simple model promoters located in the viral genome. | we examined the ability of binding sites for the herpes simplex virus immediate-early protein icp4 to alter the regulation of closely linked promoters by placing strong icp4 binding sites upstream or downstream of simple tata promoters in the intact viral genome. we found that binding sites strongly reduced the levels of expression at early times postinfection and that this effect was partially overcome after the onset of viral dna replication. these data confirm that dna-bound icp4 can inhibit ... | 1993 | 8230448 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcript (lat) promoter deletion mutants can express a 2-kilobase transcript mapping to the lat region. | the results of studies in several laboratories suggest that a tata box-containing promoter located in the herpes simplex virus type 1 internal long repeat and long terminal repeat elements drives expression of the latency-associated transcripts (lats). in the present study, we show that expression of a 2-kb lat-related transcript can occur in the absence of this lat tata promoter, indicating the existence of a cryptic promoter. by northern (rna) blot analysis, we have examined lat expression by ... | 1993 | 8230451 |
| the herpes simplex virus type 1 strain 17 open reading frame rl1 encodes a polypeptide of apparent m(r) 37k equivalent to icp34.5 of herpes simplex virus type 1 strain f. | the region between the 'a' sequence and the 5' end of the ie1 gene within the long repeat sequence of the herpes simplex virus (hsv) genome plays an important role in the neurovirulence of both hsv-1 strain f and hsv-1 strain 17. however, there has been controversy over the protein-coding potential of this region. although an open reading frame (orf) was predicted in hsv-1(f) and shown to encode a polypeptide called icp34.5, only recently has a corresponding orf, designated rl1, been recognized ... | 1993 | 8245868 |
| [three cases of herpes simplex virus type 2 myelitis--detection of hsv2 dna in cerebrospinal fluid]. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique has been successfully used to detect herpes simplex virus (hsv) from patients with hsv encephalitis. by pcr assay capable of differentiating hsv1 and 2, we detected hsv 2 dna in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from patients with hsv myelitis and discussed the clinical findings. three cases of hsv myelitis (a 49-year-old female, two 38- and 44-year-old males) were studied. all cases were characterized by transverse myelopathy of the thoracic cord, and two patie ... | 1993 | 8252822 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of the uracil-dna glycosylase dna repair enzyme from herpes simplex virus type 1. | a 28.5 kda catalytic fragment of the uracil-dna glycosylase dna repair enzyme from herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) has been crystallized using protein from a highly expressing escherichia coli clone of the herpes simplex virus type 1 ul2 gene. the protein crystallizes at 12 mg/ml from 11% (w/v) polyethylene glycol 8000 at ph values in the range 6.8 to 7.0, in the presence of (nh4)2so4. long trigonal rods (0.08 mm x 0.08 mm x > 0.5 mm) diffract beyond 3.0 a using a laboratory source. the enzy ... | 1993 | 8254688 |
| induced extrusion of dna from the capsid of herpes simplex virus type 1. | dna-filled capsids (c capsids) of herpes simplex virus type 1 were treated in vitro with guanidine-hcl (guhcl) and analyzed for dna loss by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation and electron microscopy. dna was found to be lost quantitatively from virtually all capsids treated with guhcl at concentrations of 0.5 m or higher, while 0.1 m guhcl had little or no effect. dna removal from 0.5 m guhcl-treated capsids was effected without significant change in the capsid protein composition, as ... | 1994 | 8254753 |
| a population-based seroepidemiological study of cervical cancer. | the epidemiology of cervical cancer indicates the presence of a sexually transmitted risk factor, attributable at least in part to infection with human papillomavirus (hpv) type 16 or 18. we performed a seroepidemiological study of hpv and cervical cancer in the counties of västerbotten and norrbotten in northern sweden, a low-risk area for cervical cancer. sera from 94 cases of incident cervical cancer were matched against 188 age- and sex-matched controls derived from a population-based blood ... | 1994 | 8261434 |
| a novel arrangement of zinc-binding residues and secondary structure in the c3hc4 motif of an alpha herpes virus protein family. | a highly conserved, cysteine-rich region plays a crucial role in the function of a family of regulatory proteins encoded by alpha herpes viruses. the so-called c3hc4 motif spans approximately 60 residues and has been predicted to bind zinc. this motif occurs in a number of other viral and cellular proteins, many of which appear to be involved in some aspect of the regulation of gene expression. we have cloned and expressed in bacteria a portion of immediate-early protein vmw110 of herpes simplex ... | 1993 | 8263911 |
| [detection of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) igg and igm by elisa in cord blood and sera of mothers with pregnancy complications]. | in this study, hsv-1 igg, igm and hsv-2 igg, igm antibodies by elisa in the sera of the mothers who had different kinds of obstetrical problems like abortus, stillbirth, prematurity, postmaturity, intrauterine development retardation and in the newborns' cord sera who had congenital anomalies like anencephaly, cataract and dolichocephaly were investigated. in these mothers hsv-1 igg positivity ratio was 71/73 (97.3%). there was no significant difference in the age group distribution of hsv-1 igg ... | 1993 | 8264443 |
| acyclovir diphosphate dimyristoylglycerol: a phospholipid prodrug with activity against acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus. | infection with herpes simplex viruses (hsvs) resistant to treatment with acyclovir (9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)-methyl]guanine, zovirax) is a growing clinical problem in patients with aids and other immunosuppressed states. most virus isolates resistant to acyclovir are deficient or defective in virally coded thymidine kinase (tk), which converts acyclovir to acyclovir monophosphate in virus-infected cells. to restore acyclovir efficacy, we synthesized acyclovir diphosphate dimyristoylglycerol, an anal ... | 1993 | 8265634 |
| production of herpes simplex virus fluorescein labelled typing reagents. | 29 herpes simplex virus monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced and shown by indirect immunofluorescence assay (iifa) to be hsv type specific or hsv cross reactive. two hsv-1 and two hsv-2 specific mabs were selected as hsv typing reagents on the basis of their specificity and the fluorescence pattern produced. when directly conjugated to fluorescein both reagents detected and correctly identified hsv isolates previously typed by restriction endonuclease analysis (rea). no cross reactions wer ... | 1993 | 8270652 |
| modification of discrete nuclear domains induced by herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate early gene 1 product (icp0). | the outcome of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection depends upon the interplay of both host and viral factors. during lytic infection, hsv-1 causes a loss of immunofluorescent staining of discrete nuclear domains (nd10). this elimination of the host's nd10 staining occurs under conditions that allow only hsv-1 immediate early viral gene expression. western blot analysis indicates that the loss of nd10 staining is due to nd10 redistribution, rather than protein degradation or turnover. w ... | 1993 | 8277273 |
| analysis of protective immune responses to the glycoprotein h-glycoprotein l complex of herpes simplex virus type 1. | a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing both glycoprotein h (gh) and glycoprotein l (gl) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) was used to examine the protective response to gh-gl in immunized mice and to compare these responses with those induced by the highly protective immunogen, glycoprotein d (gd). weak levels of hsv-1-specific neutralizing antibody were obtained in response to the gh-gl complex, virus clearance from the site of challenge was marginally enhanced compared to that observed f ... | 1993 | 8277292 |
| antiviral traditional medicines against herpes simplex virus (hsv-1), poliovirus, and measles virus in vitro and their therapeutic efficacies for hsv-1 infection in mice. | one hundred forty-two kinds of traditional medicines, which have been historically used in china, indonesia, and japan, were examined for the antiviral activity of their hot water (hw) extracts against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), poliovirus type 1, and measles virus by plaque reduction assay. thirty-two, 55, and 30 hw-extracts of them showed anti-hsv-1, antipoliovirus, and anti-measles virus activities, respectively. among the 32 hw-extracts with anti-hsv-1 activity, 3 hw-extracts had a ... | 1993 | 8279811 |
| isolation and structure of woodorien, a new glucoside having antiviral activity, from woodwardia orientalis. | hot aqueous and methanol extracts of the rhizomes of woodwardia orientalis were tested for their in vitro antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), poliovirus type 1, and measles virus by plaque reduction assay. the aqueous extract of w. orientalis reduced the plaque forming ability of hsv-1 and poliovirus more strongly than did the methanol extract. by bioassay-directed fractionation of the aqueous extract, a new glucoside, woodorien (1), along with five known compounds we ... | 1993 | 8281578 |
| conditional ablation of dendritic cells in transgenic mice. | dendritic cells (dc) are professional ag-presenting cells that play a major role in t cell-mediated immune responses and in thymocyte differentiation. to better analyze their physiological importance, we sought to generate transgenic mice presenting a conditional dc deficiency. we used a strategy based on the cell-specific expression of a suicide gene. the dc-targeted expression is obtained using hiv regulatory sequences; indirect evidence has suggested that these sequences control a preferentia ... | 1994 | 8283035 |
| specific transcriptional activation in vitro by the herpes simplex virus protein vp16. | the herpes simplex virus protein vp16 interacts with cellular factors, including the protein oct-1, to activate viral immediate early (ie) gene transcription. we have reproduced this effect by addition of purified, full-length vp16 and the dna-binding 'pou' domain of oct-1 (oct-1/pou) to a hela cell in vitro transcription system. stimulation of transcription was dependent on the ie-specific element, taatgarat. in agreement with earlier observations from electrophoretic mobility shift assays, act ... | 1993 | 8284200 |
| yy1 is the cellular factor shown previously to bind to regulatory regions of several leaky-late (beta gamma, gamma 1) genes of herpes simplex virus type 1. | we have recently reported that a cellular factor, the leaky-late binding factor (lbf), binds to sites in a number of leaky-late (beta gamma or gamma 1) genes of herpes simplex virus type 1 and that an lbf site is essential for maximum viral transactivation of the major capsid protein (vp5) gene. the results of binding competition, partial proteolysis, and monoclonal antibody inhibition assays presented here establish that lbf is identical to the transcription factor yy1. this, along with our pre ... | 1994 | 8289358 |
| herpes simplex virus glycoproteins e and i facilitate cell-to-cell spread in vivo and across junctions of cultured cells. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) glycoproteins e and i (ge and gi) can act as a receptor for the fc domain of immunoglobulin g (igg). to examine the role of hsv igg fc receptor in viral pathogenesis, rabbits and mice were infected by the corneal route with hsv ge- or gi- mutants. wild-type hsv-1 produced large dendritic lesions in the corneal epithelium and subsequent stromal disease leading to viral encephalitis, whereas ge- and gi- mutant viruses produced microscopic punctate or small dendritic lesi ... | 1994 | 8289387 |
| lithium chloride suppresses the synthesis of messenger rna for infected cell protein-4 and viral deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase in herpes simplex virus-1 infected endothelial cells. | patients treated with lithium salts for manic depression had a lower incidence of herpes simplex infections. initial studies in our laboratory demonstrated that addition of licl in cultures of human endothelial cells infected with herpes simplex virus suppressed viral replication and allowed synthesis of host proteins. | 1994 | 8302016 |
| use of isotopically chiral [4'-13c]penciclovir and 13c nmr to determine the specificity and absolute configuration of penciclovir phosphate esters formed in hsv-1 and hsv-2 infected cells and by hsv-1-encoded thymidine kinase. | penciclovir is a potent antiherpesvirus agent which is highly selective due to its phosphorylation only in virus infected cells. phosphorylation of one of the hydroxymethyl groups of penciclovir (pcv) creates a chiral centre leading to the possible formation of (r)- and (s)-enantiomers. the absolute configuration and stereospecificity of the pcv-phosphates produced in cells infected with herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2), as well as by hsv-1-encoded thymidine kinase, were de ... | 1993 | 8305285 |
| size dependent variation in the fractal dimensions of herpes simplex epithelial keratitis. | dendritic ulcers, the commonest manifestation of herpes simplex epithelial keratitis (hsek) are fractals. it is likely that their fractal properties alter if they progress to a geographic appearance. this study investigates the relationship of maximum ulcer diameter (feret's diameter) to area (dm) and perimeter fractal dimensions (ds), parameters of the complexity of their areas and outlines respectively. for dendritic ulcers in the size range of 1.6-3.2 mm, dm = 1.41 +/- 0.06 and ds = 1.40 +/- ... | 1993 | 8306714 |
| the herpes simplex virus type i origin binding protein. dna-dependent nucleoside triphosphatase activity. | a recombinant baculovirus overexpressing the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) origin binding protein, encoded by the ul9 gene, was constructed. the purified recombinant protein has dna-dependent nucleoside triphosphatase activity similar to the enzyme isolated from mammalian cells. optimal nucleoside triphosphatase activity requires low salt (< 50 mm), 2-3 mm mg2+, alkaline ph (8.3-9.5), high temperature (45 degrees c), and a single-stranded dna coeffector containing minimal secondary structu ... | 1993 | 8380407 |
| nf-kappa b-binding proteins induced by hsv-1 infection of u937 cells are not involved in activation of human immunodeficiency virus. | molecular interactions between the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) were investigated in u937 cells. nonpermissive hsv-1 infection of u937 cells activated hiv as determined in transient expression assays with hybrid constructions containing the hiv-ltr-directed chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene. activation was independent of kappa b-enhancer elements whereas these elements were required for hsv-1-mediated activation in another cell line (c6). kappa ... | 1993 | 8380662 |
| mutations in herpes simplex virus type 1 genes encoding vp5 and vp23 abrogate capsid formation and cleavage of replicated dna. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 capsid is composed of seven capsid proteins which are termed vp5, vp19c, vp21, vp22a, vp23, vp24, and vp26. major capsid protein vp5 is encoded by the gene ul19. ul18, whose transcript is 3' coterminal with that of vp5, specifies capsid protein vp23. vero cell lines have been isolated that are transformed with either the bglii n (ul19) or ecori g (ul16 to ul21) fragment of kos. these cell lines, selected for the ability to support the replication of a temperature- ... | 1993 | 8382300 |