Publications

sustained in vitro activity of human albumin microspheres containing chlorhexidine dihydrochloride against bacteria from cultures of organisms that cause urinary tract infections.	the potential of chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (ch hcl) incorporated into human albumin microspheres to provide sustained activity in vitro against escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, and pseudomonas aeruginosa from quality controls and from cultures of organisms that cause urinary tract infections was investigated. ch hcl was entrapped into five different formulations of human albumin microspheres. a technique was developed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of these microspheres and o ...	1990	2127344
intracellular expression of hifn alpha genes in escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis directed by staphylokinase signals.	portable expression units for intracellular formation of heterologous proteins in escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis were constructed by inserting the transcription and translation initiation signals of the staphylokinase sak42d gene into the polylinker of plasmid puc18. fusions with atg-gene cassettes coding for mature human interferons (hifn) alpha 1 and alpha 2 resulted in intracellular expression of both proteins in e. coli. the 20 fold lower yield of hifn alpha 2 was not due to unfavora ...	1990	2128332
respiratory syncytial virus modulation of adult and neonatal lymphocyte mitogenic responses and the role of interferon-gamma.	infection of human adult and neonatal mononuclear leukocytes (mnls) with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) caused significant inhibition of lymphoproliferation in response to various mitogens (heat-killed staphylococcus aureus, phytohaemagglutinin, concanavalin-a and pokeweed mitogen). antibody to human interferon-gamma enhanced the rsv-induced suppression of lymphoproliferation in adult, but not neonatal mnls. these results are consistent with the hypothesis that rsv can suppress the developmen ...	1990	2129048
regulation of human b cell responsiveness by cd8+ t cells: differential effects of stimulation with monoclonal antibodies to cd3 and pokeweed mitogen.	previous studies have shown that human cd8-positive t cells activated by immobilized mab to the cd3 complex have the capacity to support the generation of ig secreting cells (isc). the experiments reported here were undertaken to examine the nature of cd8+ t cell helper function in greater detail. cd8+ t cells that had been treated with mitomycin c (cd8+ mito) and stimulated by immobilized mab to cd3 (64.1) provided help for the generation of isc from resting b cells. by contrast, cd8+ mito did ...	1990	2138519
possible role of microbial igg fc-binding proteins in rheumatoid arthritis.	igg fc binding substances (receptors) are widespread among pathogenic microorganisms. the receptors from staphylococcus aureus, streptococci of group a, c and g as well as herpes-infected cells bind to the interface between the ch2 and ch3 domains i.e. to his 435, tyr 436 and possibly also his 433 and/or 310. most rheumatoid factors (rf) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis show a similar binding pattern. hence, it has been shown that antibodies to microbial igg fc receptors (s. aureus and gr ...	1990	2139302
binding of staphylococcal cell surface polysaccharide to human fibrinogen.	the interaction between the binding site of a polysaccharide (called compact colony forming active substance (ccfas)), obtained from the cell surface of a strain of staphylococcus, and human fibrinogen (hf) was investigated. the ccfas was found to bind specifically to both the b beta and gamma chains of hf at ph 7.0 and 8.0, and the a alpha chain at ph 5.0. the binding of ccfas with fibrinogen fragments obtained by digestion with plasmin were also investigated. fragments with mr of 55,000, 24,00 ...	1990	2140287
a novel pathway of human b cell activation initiated by ck226 surface antigen.	in this study we analyzed the effect of ck226 monoclonal antibody (mab) on human b cell activation and proliferation. this mab was shown to recognize a 75-kda surface molecule expressed on both t and b lymphocytes and to mediate t lymphocyte activation and proliferation. flow cytometry analysis of b cell populations isolated from peripheral blood, tonsil and spleen showed that ck226 surface antigen is highly expressed on 40-80% of surface ig+ cells. when purified b cells were cultured in the pre ...	1990	2141569
peptide analogs to a fibronectin receptor inhibit attachment of staphylococcus aureus to fibronectin-containing substrates.	binding of cells of staphylococcus aureus to fibronectin has been proposed as a mechanism of bacterial adhesion to host tissues. in this study, we have attempted to define the role of a recently identified fibronectin receptor in the adhesion of staphylococcal cells to fibronectin-containing substrates by using different receptor analogs as potential inhibitors of bacterial adherence. the results showed that synthetic peptides d1, d2, and d3, corresponding to variations of a repeated unit in the ...	1990	2142481
the influence of human monocytes on the antibacterial activity of vancomycin and teicoplanin against staphylococcus aureus.	the influence of human monocytes on the antibacterial activity of vancomycin and teicoplanin against staphylococcus aureus was investigated. monocytes, which neither phagocytosed nor killed bacteria because no serum was present in the incubation medium, enhanced the effect of both antibiotics. when phagocytosis and intracellular killing were induced by the use of pre-opsonized s. aureus or the addition of serum during the incubation, the antibacterial effect of vancomycin and teicoplanin was dim ...	1990	2142684
frequency analysis of human peripheral blood b cells producing igm-rheumatoid factor. differential effects of stimulation with monoclonal antibodies to cd3 and staphylococcus aureus.	the extent and nature of igm-rheumatoid factor (rf) precursors within normal human b cells were examined by utilizing two different polyclonal b cell stimulators, staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sa) and immobilized mab to the cd3 molecular complex (64.1). in cultures stimulated with sa, b cells produced igm-rf in the presence of t4 cells, factors generated from mitogen-activated t cells (tf), or il-2. similarly, in cultures stimulated with immobilized anti-cd3, t4 cells that had been treated with ...	1990	2144005
endothelial cells inhibit receptor-mediated superoxide anion production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes via a soluble inhibitor.	confluent monolayers of bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (bpae) or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huve) inhibited by 80 to 90% the production of o2- by added human neutrophils (pmns) stimulated by plasma membrane receptor-mediated activators (formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine [fmlp], opsonized zymosan, heat-killed staphylococci), but not by non-plasma membrane receptor-mediated activators (phorbol myristate acetate and delta-hexachlorocyclohexane). degranulation induced by fml ...	1990	2155631
identification of endothelin receptors by chemical cross-linking.	specific binding sites for human/porcine endothelin have been found in rat brain membrane preparations using an [125i]endothelin. the apparent kd value was 3 +/- 2 nm with a bmax value of 2,200 +/- 200 fmol/mg protein. chemical cross-linking of [125i]endothelin to rat brain membranes by using the cross-linking reagent disuccinimidyl suberate (dss) revealed two specific proteins of mr = 52,000 and mr = 30,000. the same results were obtained by photoaffinity labeling of [125i]azidoendothelin to ra ...	1990	2156666
method to identify genomic targets of dna binding proteins.	we have devised a cyclical immunoprecipitation protocol that can be used to identify and clone a specific dna sequence that is recognized by a dna binding protein, even if that sequence is present in only one copy in the genome of a mammal. as an example, we have used this procedure to purify mouse genomic sequences to which the simian virus 40 tumor (t) antigen binds.	1990	2159142
subclass distribution of antigen-specific iga antibodies in normal donors and individuals with homozygous c alpha 1 or c alpha 2 gene deletions.	to analyze the subclass restriction of ag-specific iga, sera and saliva from healthy blood donors and from iga class or subclass deficient individuals were studied. the latter included donors with or without c alpha 1 or c alpha 2 gene deletions. monoclonal human iga1 and a genetically engineered iga2 antibody, normal human serum and colostrum iga were used as standards to estimate serum and saliva levels of ag-specific antibodies. in normal individuals, there was a strong iga1 preference of nat ...	1990	2162886
killing of coccidioides immitis by hypochlorous acid or monochloramine.	to identify possible explanations for the resistance of coccidioides immitis to killing by human neutrophils, its susceptibility to typical oxidants generated during the neutrophil respiratory burst was compared to the sensitivity of other microbes. when microbial suspensions were exposed to hypochlorous acid, arthroconidia or spherules of c. immitis were killed more slowly than yeast cells of candida (torulopsis) glabrata or staphylococcus aureus. in contrast, exposure to the more lipophilic ox ...	1990	2166156
effect of human serum on the bactericidal activity of daptomycin and vancomycin against staphylococcal and enterococcal isolates as determined by time-kill kinetic studies.	the bactericidal activity of daptomycin and vancomycin alone in cation-supplemented mueller-hinton broth and in human serum against clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, and enterococcus faecalis was evaluated by exposing replicating microorganisms to concentrations ranging from 2 to 128 micrograms/ml for 24 hr. in addition, the possibility of emergence of resistance, the stability of each agent in the respective medium, and the percent of protein binding by hum ...	1990	2166634
regulation of human monocyte/macrophage function by extracellular matrix. adherence of monocytes to collagen matrices enhances phagocytosis of opsonized bacteria by activation of complement receptors and enhancement of fc receptor function.	in inflammation monocytes emigrate from the peripheral circulation into an extravascular area rich in extracellular matrix proteins. in this milieu, phagocytes ingest and kill invading pathogens. in the present studies, we found that monocytes adhered to type i collagen gels phagocytized 2.5-12-fold more opsonized escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, and streptococcus pneumoniae than plastic-adherent monocytes. the rate of phagocytosis and the number of bacteria inges ...	1990	2168442
ingestion of legionella micdadei inhibits human neutrophil function.	legionella micdadei is a human pathogen which survives within leukocytes. to determine how this organism escapes intracellular destruction, we examined its effect on human neutrophil activity. neutrophils were allowed to ingest l. micdadei prior to evaluation of functional activity. compared with control cells which did not ingest organisms, cells ingesting l. micdadei showed significantly depressed production of superoxide anion (24.5 +/- 9.0 nmol/10(6) cells per 15 min versus 6.9 +/- 3.2 nmol/ ...	1990	2169462
impairment of neutrophil chemotactic and bactericidal function in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and partial reversal after in vitro exposure to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.	because polymorphonuclear neutrophils are the most important component of host defense against bacteria, we assessed their function in 13 children with asymptomatic and 12 with symptomatic infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), and compared their values with healthy adult control values. the functions assessed were (1) chemotaxis, (2) bacterial phagocytosis, (3) superoxide generation, and (4) bactericidal activity. chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear neutrophils toward the chemo ...	1990	2170609
separation and characterization of modified variants of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor i derived from a fusion protein secreted from escherichia coli.	human insulin-like growth factor i, igf-i, was produced in escherichia coli fused to a synthetic igg-binding peptide the fusion protein is secreted into the medium during fermentation and was initially purified on an igg-sepharose column. after hydroxylamine cleavage, igf-i was purified to homogeneity. during purification, impurities in the form of modified variants of igf-i were detected and characterized. the closely related impurities were identified to be a misfolded form of igf-i, having mi ...	1990	2173560
influence of subinhibitory concentrations of loracarbef (ly 163892) and daptomycin (ly 146032) on bacterial phagocytosis, killing and serum sensitivity.	the aim of this study was to evaluate whether pre-exposure of bacteria to a subinhibitory concentration (sub-mic) of loracarbef (ly 163892) or daptomycin (ly 146032) could modify bacterial susceptibility to serum bactericidal activity and to phagocytosis and killing by murine peritoneal macrophages and by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. escherichia coli, haemophilus influenzae type b and staphylococcus aureus grown in the presence of one quarter the mic of loracarbef, and s. aureus exposed t ...	1990	2174852
phosphatase activity of staphylococci is constitutive in some species and repressed by phosphates in others.	the phosphatase activities of colonies of staphylococcal strains belonging to the 10 species most frequently isolated from specimens of human origin were evaluated on media with undetermined inorganic phosphate contents and on media supplemented with known amounts of phosphates. all strains of all species tested were phosphatase positive on plates that were not supplemented with inorganic phosphates when the ph of the medium was high. in media supplemented with 0.3% phosphates at low and high ph ...	1990	2177749
model simulation of a single oral dose of cefuroxime axetil and the related in-vitro kill kinetics against four bacterial species.	an in-vitro model was shown to be capable of simulating a cefuroxime serum profile equivalent to that observed in human volunteer studies, following a single dose of 250 mg cefuroxime axetil. the model was used to carry out kill kinetic studies and showed cefuroxime to lyse the four bacterial test strains, time of onset of lysis being related to the sensitivity of the respective organisms. the more sensitive staphylococcus aureus and haemophilus influenzae strains were subject to a higher absolu ...	1990	2180892
the ability of recombinant murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to protect neonatal rats from septic death due to staphylococcus aureus.	granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf) potentiates in vitro and in vivo production of granulocytes. also, recombinant human gm-csf in vitro enhances functional capabilities of human granulocytes. recombinant murine (rm) gm-csf was administered to neonatal rats in vivo to test its ability to protect from septic death due to staphylococcus aureus. when rmgm-csf was given intraperitoneally 6 h before a 90% lethal dose challenge of s. aureus, peak survival was observed at a dose o ...	1990	2192004
myristic acid is incorporated into the two acylatable domains of the functional glycoprotein cd9 in ester, but not in amide bonds.	cd9 is a signal-initiating glycoprotein of uncertain membrane insertion which contains more than one locus of acylation and is distinguished by being the major acylatable platelet protein. the n-terminus of cd9 is blocked to edman degradation. we investigated whether [3h]myristic acid could be incorporated into cd9, whether that incorporation occurred via an amide linkage, and whether myristate and palmitate were differentially incorporated into the two domains. pulse-labeling studies, performed ...	1990	2194573
pyomyositis and human immunodeficiency virus infection.	pyomyositis is a bacterial infection of skeletal muscle usually caused by staphylococcus aureus and characterized by localized muscle pain, swelling, and tenderness. the disease is endemic in the tropics. though only approximately 50 cases have been reported from the continental united states, pyomyositis has been increasingly recognized here in the last decade. we report two patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and pyomyositis, and review five previously reported cases. gi ...	1990	2205925
influenza infection and diabetes mellitus. case for annual vaccination.	herein, epidemiological data on influenza pneumonia and mortality, results of clinical studies, and the outcome of influenza vaccination trials are reviewed. all excess mortality studies that specify for underlying disease list diabetes as one of the major risk factors. during influenza epidemics, death rates among patients with diabetes mellitus may increase by 5-15%. diabetes mellitus is also mentioned as a risk factor in most clinical studies, making up 3-14% of the patients studied. even in ...	1990	2209323
polyclonal activation of rat b cells. ii. dextran sulfate as a cofactor in mitogen-induced and antigen-induced differentiation of rat b lymphocytes.	salmonella typhimurium mitogen (stm) is a polyclonal activator of rat b lymphocytes, triggering them to proliferate, but not differentiate, to antibody-secreting cells. when lymphokines in the form of a supernatant from con a-stimulated splenocytes (cas) are added to b cell cultures activated by stm, only a small number of cells are driven to differentiate. only with the addition of a third signal provided by the polyanionic polysaccharide dextran sulfate (dxs) is significant rat b cell differen ...	1990	2212646
proteolytic fragmentation of sialophorin (cd43). localization of the activation-inducing site and examination of the role of sialic acid.	sialophorin (cd43) is the major surface mucin on many hematopoietic cells. it has been implicated in regulating the survival of t lymphocytes in the circulation, and its functions in vitro as the receptor of a t lymphocyte and monocyte activation pathway. the structure of cd43 was examined by protease treatment of lymphoblastoid cells bearing surface cd43. trypsin treatment converts cd43 (apparent mr 115,000) to species of apparent mr 100,000 called t-100, which remains cell-associated; however, ...	1990	2230123
establishment of a human b cell line that responds specifically to b cell growth factor.	a human b cell line (3d5) that responds specifically to b cell growth factor (bcgf) has been developed by a sequence of staphylococcus aureus cowen i activation, eb virus immortalization, and cloning. proliferative response to pha-stimulated t cell supernatant (pha-t-sup) and nonresponsiveness to ril-2 stimulation were factors used to screen positive cells. phenotype analysis with a flow cytometer indicated that: 1) 3d5 is a b cell line: 100% of the cells were positive for b1 marker and 59% were ...	1990	2243835
alteration of membrane oligosaccharides by castanospermine, an alpha glucosidase inhibitor, enhances immunoglobulin production in staphylococcus aureus cowan i-stimulated lymphocyte culture.	castanospermine (csp) inhibits alpha-glucosidase, which is involved in the initial step of n-linked oligosaccharide processing of secretory and membrane glycoproteins. in staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac)-stimulated human lymphocyte culture, csp at a dose of 20 micrograms/ml caused a twofold increase in immunoglobulin g (igg) release after 7 days. an initial 48-h exposure to csp sufficed for this enhancing effect. plaque-forming cell assays on the seventh day disclosed that csp caused an incre ...	1990	2270434
skin tissue fluid levels of cefotiam in healthy man following oral cefotiam hexetil.	cefotiam hexetil is a pro-drug of cefotiam available for oral administration. to evaluate cefotiam concentrations at the active site in skin and soft-tissue infections, drug levels in skin suction blister fluid (sbf), cantharides blister fluid (cbf) and serum were determined. six healthy subjects received oral cefotiam 400 mg as cefotiam hexetil. on an other day 200 mg was injected intravenously. following the oral dose, the bioavailability of cefotiam was 45.5%, and the maximum concentration in ...	1990	2276386
adherence of staphylococcus aureus to cell monolayers.	adherence of four strains of staphylococcus aureus to eukaryotic cell monolayers was assayed with [3h]-thymidine labelled bacterial cells and the results were analysed by non-parametric statistical tests. adherence to primary (human mesothelial) and semi-continuous (human embryonic lung) cell monolayers was significantly better than to continuous cell lines (hep2, hela and vero). hep2 cell monolayers provided the most reliable assay substrate of the continuous cell lines tested. variation occurr ...	1990	2286582
bacterial iron enhances oxygen radical-mediated killing of staphylococcus aureus by phagocytes.	it has been shown that increasing bacterial iron concentration enhances killing by hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) but not by polymorphonuclear granulocytes (pmn). it is possible that owing to the multiple bactericidal mechanisms of the pmn, differences in the killing rate of iron-loaded bacteria and control bacteria are obscured. we decided, therefore, to compare the killing of iron-loaded bacteria with that of control bacteria using human monocytes (mn), pmn, and pmn-derived cytoplasts. incubation of ...	1990	2294055
il-2 dependence of the promotion of human b cell differentiation by il-6 (bsf-2).	the effect of ril-6 on the growth and differentiation of highly purified human peripheral blood b cells was examined. il-6 alone induced minimal incorporation of [3h]thymidine by unstimulated or staphylococcus aureus (sa)-stimulated b cells and did not augment proliferation induced by sa and il-2. similarly, il-6 alone did not support the generation of ig-secreting cells (isc) or induce the secretion of ig by unstimulated or sa-stimulated b cells. however, il-6 did augment the generation of isc ...	1990	2295801
[total hip prosthesis infected with salmonella dublin].	in 1983, the bovine-specific salmonella dublin was demonstrated in man in denmark. the organism is frequently isolated from blood but rarely causes gastroenteritis. the frequency of infection following hip replacement is less than 2% with staphylococcus aureus as the commonest agent while gram-negative rods are rarer but are considered to be more serious. infection around a hip replacement frequently implies that the prosthesis must be removed. a case in which a hip replacement was infected with ...	1990	2309373
antibody responses to protein a in patients with staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and endocarditis.	to assess the significance of antibody to staphylococcus aureus protein a (spa) in human sera, we developed a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). spa antibody levels in 23 patients with s. aureus endocarditis (ie), 21 patients with non-ie s. aureus bacteremia, and 33 controls were measured. geometric mean levels of antibody to spa were significantly higher in s. aureus ie patients (134 elisa units [eu]) than in uninfected controls (52 eu; p less than 0.01). also, a significantly ...	1990	2324274
pruritus, staphylococcus aureus, and human immunodeficiency virus infection.		1990	2334194
[chemiluminescence of human lymphocytes in reactions with staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan].	the capacity of s. aureus peptidoglycan (pg) for inducing the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of human lymphocytes has been studied. lymphocytes taken from adult donors have been found to give dose-dependent reaction to s. aureus pg, while lymphocytes from newborn infants have been inert under the same conditions. essential differences in the kinetics of response to pg (the maximum intensity of chemiluminescence occurs in 25-30 minutes) and to phytohemagglutinin (the maximum intensity is rea ...	1990	2368534
the alpha 1 domain of the hla-dr molecule is essential for high-affinity binding of the toxic shock syndrome toxin-1.	several exoproteins from the bacterium staphylococcus aureus are highly potent polyclonal activators of t cells in the presence of cells bearing class ii antigens of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc). these toxins, including the toxic shock syndrome toxin (tsst-1), act at nanomolar concentrations, bind directly to class ii molecules, and do not require the processing typical of nominal antigen. each toxin is capable of stimulating a subpopulation of peripheral t lymphocytes bearing part ...	1990	2377209
[effects of il-2 and il-6 on the immunoglobulin synthesis of lymphocytes from cvid patients].	peripheral blood lymphocytes from five hypogammaglobulinemic patients suffering from common variable immunodeficiency (cvid) were stimulated with staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac) and pokeweed mitogen (pwm). the assays were substituted with interleukin-2 (il-2) and interleukin-6 (il-6) in different combinations. in three patients who were deficient for igm in vivo a combination of sac and il-2 induced a normal igm synthesis in vitro. in these patients a deficient il-2 synthesis is probably the ...	1990	2379934
a fast and easy method to determine the production of reactive oxygen intermediates by human and murine phagocytes using dihydrorhodamine 123.	analysis of the functional activity of phagocytes is of great importance in the differential diagnosis of patients with recurrent bacterial infections. here we describe a method to determine the production of reactive oxygen intermediates (roi) by microcytofluorometry using dihydrorhodamine 123, a derivative of rhodamine 123. using this method the roi production of erythrocyte-depleted whole blood samples can be measured without further time-consuming purification steps. possible harmful manipul ...	1990	2391431
neutrophil bactericidal activity against staphylococcus aureus adherent on biological surfaces. surface-bound extracellular matrix proteins activate intracellular killing by oxygen-dependent and -independent mechanisms.	the activation patterns of surface adherent neutrophils are modulated via interaction of extracellular matrix proteins with neutrophil integrins. to evaluate neutrophil bactericidal activity, staphylococcus aureus adherent to biological surfaces were incubated with neutrophils and serum, and the survival of surface bacteria was determined. when compared to albumin-coated surfaces, the bactericidal activity of neutrophils adherent to purified human extracellular matrix was markedly enhanced (mean ...	1990	2394841
binding competition of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 and other staphylococcal exoproteins for receptors on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.	binding of toxic shock toxin 1 (tsst-1) and staphylococcal enterotoxin a (sea) to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) was investigated by using 125i-labeled ligands. scatchard analyses revealed similar numbers of receptors (approximately 5,000 to 8,000) and similar dissociation constants (kd, approximately 20 to 25 nm) per pbmc. sea but not enterotoxin b, c1, c2, c3, d, or e significantly inhibited binding of 125i-tsst-1 to pbmc. cross-competition of tsst-1 and sea in binding assays ...	1990	1694828
vitronectin and type-i collagen binding by staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci.	binding of 125i-labelled type-i collagen and 125i-labelled vitronectin (human serum spreading factor or s-protein) was studied using staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci of different species. binding of collagen and vitronectin was time dependent for s. aureus isp 546, and s. haemolyticus e 2498/86. co-operative binding of vitronectin and collagen by staphylococcal cells was demonstrated. binding to s. haemolyticus e 2498/86 was more rapid and was enhanced in vitronectin/co ...	1990	1695103
cd38 molecule: structural and biochemical analysis on human t lymphocytes, thymocytes, and plasma cells.	the structure of the cd38 molecule has been evaluated by one- and two-dimensional gel analysis and by enzymatic digestions. the source of the ag was mainly membrane preparations obtained from mlc cells, from normal thymocytes, and from the plasmocytoma line lp-1. membranes were solubilized in np-40 and the extracts fractionated by immunoaffinity chromatography [using a specific anti-cd38 antibody (a10 mab) covalently linked to sepharose protein a]. the purified ag migrated as a single chain of m ...	1990	1695648
protein l. a bacterial ig-binding protein that activates human basophils and mast cells.	peptostreptococcus magnus strain 312 (10(6) to 10(8)/ml), which synthesizes a protein capable of binding to kappa l chains of human ig (protein l), stimulated the release of histamine from human basophils in vitro. p. magnus strain 644, which does not synthesize protein l, did not induce histamine secretion. soluble protein l (3 x 10(-2) to 3 micrograms/ml) induced histamine release from human basophils. the characteristics of the release reaction were similar to those of rabbit igg anti-fc frag ...	1990	1698870
influenza a virus potentiates bacteria-induced histamine release. examination of normal individuals and patients allergic to bacteria.	influenza a virus was found to enhance basophil histamine release induced by escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus sanguis, but did not per se release histamine. this potentiating effect of the virus was seen both when the bacteria-induced mediator release was ige-dependent (i.e. patient allergic to bacterium) and when the bacterium caused histamine release by a non-immunological mechanism independent of ige (putative sugar-le ...	1990	1700889
action of staphylococcal exfoliative toxins on epidermal cell cultures and organotypic skin.	in the staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, spontaneous intraepithelial cleavages are due to the exfoliative toxins a or b (eta or etb). until now, these toxins have been studied either on epidermis or on organotypic skin cultures. in the present study, we compare the effects of these toxins on human keratinocyte cell cultures to those on human and mouse organotypic skin cultures. with concentrations of eta or etb of 1 mg/ml for 3 hours, spontaneous intraepithelial cleavages were noted in both ...	1990	1703553
surface immunoglobulin ligands and cytokines differentially affect proliferation and antibody production by human cd5+ and cd5- b lymphocytes.	normal human peripheral blood b lymphocytes were separated into cd19+ cd5+ and cd19+ cd5- subsets by dual-color facs sorting. in most experiments the cells were activated with staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac) and cultured in the absence or presence of recombinant human il-1 alpha, il-2, or il-6, or combinations of these cytokines. unstimulated cd5+ and cd5- b cells showed a comparable, low level of incorporation of [3h]thymidine into dna. sac stimulated proliferation of cd5+ and cd5- b cells, ...	1990	1703783
a single clone of staphylococcus aureus causes the majority of cases of toxic shock syndrome.	genetic relationships among 315 isolates of the bacterium staphylococcus aureus expressing toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (tsst-1) recovered primarily from humans with toxic shock syndrome (tss) in five countries on two continents were determined by analyzing electrophoretically demonstrable allelic variation at 20 chromosomal enzyme loci. forty-nine distinctive electrophoretic types (ets), representing multilocus enzyme genotypes, were identified. cluster analysis of the ets revealed two major ph ...	1990	1967495
human p40/il-9. expression in activated cd4+ t cells, genomic organization, and comparison with the mouse gene.	p40 is a cytokine that was originally identified in the mouse as a t cell growth factor, but whose spectrum of potential targets was recently shown to include mast cells as well as megakaryoblastic leukemic cells. given these multiple activities, it was proposed that the protein be renamed il-9. the analysis of p40 genomic clones reported here shows that the human and mouse p40 genes consist of 5 exons spread over approximately 4 kb of dna and organized in a similar fashion in both species. the ...	1990	1971295
infective dermatitis of jamaican children: a marker for htlv-i infection.	in jamaican children infective dermatitis is a chronic eczema associated with refractory nonvirulent staphylococcus aureus or beta-haemolytic streptococcus infection of the skin and nasal vestibule. 14 children between the ages of 2 and 17 years with typical infective dermatitis, attending the dermatology clinic at the university hospital of the west indies in jamaica, were tested for antibody to human t-lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1). all were seropositive, whereas 11 children of similar ag ...	1990	1978165
cdna cloning of the b cell membrane protein cd22: a mediator of b-b cell interactions.	we have cloned a full-length cdna for the b cell membrane protein cd22, which is referred to as b lymphocyte cell adhesion molecule (bl-cam). using subtractive hybridization techniques, several b lymphocyte-specific cdnas were isolated. northern blot analysis with one of the clones, clone 66, revealed expression in normal activated b cells and a variety of b cell lines, but not in normal activated t cells, t cell lines, hela cells, or several tissues, including brain and placenta. one major tran ...	1991	1985119
human lysosomal cathepsin g and granzyme b share a functionally conserved broad spectrum antibacterial peptide.	human neutrophil lysosomal cathepsin g (cat g) exerts broad-spectrum antibacterial action in vitro against gram-negative and -positive bacteria independent of its serine protease activity. we recently determined that an internal peptide of cat g (hpqynqr), obtained after digestion of cat g with clostripain, possessed broad-spectrum antibacterial action in vitro, displaying an ed50 of 5 x 10(-5) m. in order to evaluate the structure-antibacterial properties of this peptide, synthetic variants wit ...	1991	1985886
structural basis for differential binding of staphylococcal enterotoxin a and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 to class ii major histocompatibility molecules.	the related staphylococcal toxins staphylococcal enterotoxin a (sea) and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (tsst-1) are microbial superantigens. they require interaction with class ii major histocompatibility complex (mhc) molecules to activate t cells. we have previously identified a binding site on sea, the n-terminal 45 amino acids, as well as its corresponding receptor on the mhc antigen, residues 65-85 of the beta chain. to further characterize the structural basis for sea binding to class ii mh ...	1991	1986357
the role of fibrinogen in mediating staphylococcal adherence to fibers.	the use of tampons and surgical gauze pads and colonization with staphylococcus aureus have been established as risk factors for the development of toxic shock syndrome. to elucidate the role of blood factors in the mediation of staphylococcal adherence to fibers used in tampons and surgical packing, an adherence assay with cotton fibers was developed. results demonstrated that cotton disks precoated with fibrinogen in the presence of human serum albumin bound a significant percentage of the ino ...	1991	1990220
nerve growth factor specifically induces human igg4 production.	the effect of nerve growth factor (ngf) on human igg4 production was studied. ngf specifically enhanced igg4 production in cultures of human tonsillar mononuclear cells without affecting production of other isotypes or other igg subclasses. optimal enhancement of igg4 production by ngf required the presence of t cells. however, ngf induced significant igg4 production by small resting b cells in the absence of t cells, and this production was enhanced by stimulation with staphylococcus aureus cow ...	1991	1991484
primary structure of a new actin-binding protein from human seminal plasma.	secretory actin-binding protein (sabp), a glycoprotein from human seminal plasma, was isolated according to akiyama and kimura [akiyama, k. & kimura, h. (1990) biochim. biophys. acta 1040, 206-210]. the complete amino acid sequence of sabp was determined with the aid of fragments generated by trypsin, staphylococcus aureus v8 protease and pepsin. the single polypeptide chain of sabp contains 118 amino acids with a calculated mr of 13,506 and pyroglutamic acid as the n-terminal residue. a single ...	1991	2013294
rapid and sensitive sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin b in cheese.	a rapid and sensitive screening sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin b (seb) in cheese by using a highly avid anti-seb antibody (ab) as the capture ab (cab) and as the biotinylated ab conjugate. the glutaraldehyde fixation method for the immobilization of cab on polystyrene dipsticks was superior to the adsorption fixation and the adsorption-glutaraldehyde fixation methods. the glutaraldehyde fixation method resulted in ...	1991	2039234
septic arthritis and other infections of rheumatologic significance.	bacterial arthritis has been reported rarely in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and generally is associated with other risk factors such as intravenous drug use. septic arthritis may be caused by opportunistic organisms and may be more common in hemophiliacs when associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. pyomyositis and osteomyelitis have also been reported more commonly.	1991	2041884
mitogenic toxins as mhc class ii-dependent probes for t cell antigen receptors.	the enterotoxins produced by staphylococcus aureus (se) are prototypes of a group of microbial exoproteins that share a potent mitogenic activity for t lymphocytes of several species. these exoproteins use a very effective novel mechanism of t lymphocyte stimulation. for stimulation of all types of t cells (cd4+, cd8+ as well as gamma delta tcr+) the presence of allogeneic or xenogeneic mhc class ii molecules on accessory or target cells is required. this requirement is reflected by a selective ...	1991	2049035
functional and structural domains of the sixth component (c6) of human complement.	the effects of serine protease inhibitors, diisopropyl fluorophosphate (dfp) and phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (pmsf), on hemolytic activity of c6 were reinvestigated. c6 was inactivated in a range of 1-10 mm by both of the inhibitors as previously reported. limited proteolytic digestion was also studied to elucidate the functional and structural domains of c6. the major fragments produced by trypsin, plasmin, or lysyl endopeptidase could not be separated unless disulfide bonds were disrupted, ...	1991	2054869
bacterial superantigens as anti-tumour agents: induction of tumour cytotoxicity in human lymphocytes by staphylococcal enterotoxin a.	activation of lymphocytes by interleukin-2 (il-2) induces lymphokine-activated killer (lak) cells that show promising effects on tumour growth in clinical trials. we examined the effect of the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin a (sea) on anti-tumour activity of freshly prepared human lymphocytes. picomolar amounts of sea rapidly induced cytotoxic activity against k562 and raji cells as well as some natural-killer(nk)-resistant tumour cell lines. cytotoxic activity was not dependent on targ ...	1991	2059967
effect of metalloproteinase from staphylococcus aureus on in vitro stimulation of human lymphocytes.	metalloproteinase (mp) produced by the majority of staphylococcus aureus strains exerts, in a wide concentration range (0.1-100 micrograms/ml), no cytotoxic action on mononuclear leukocytes of human peripheral blood. the enzyme itself does not appreciably stimulate proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes in culture, but affects the stimulation of both t and b lymphocytes by polyclonal activators. the action is dose-dependent. high doses of mp (100 micrograms/ml) lower the blastic transf ...	1991	2060975
recent advances in pediatric infectious diseases and their impact on dermatology.	the past five years have seen numerous advances in the field of pediatric infectious diseases, and many of these have a substantial impact on the practice of dermatology. we review some of these advances and discuss their implications on etiology, diagnosis, therapy and complications of some relatively common conditions. the etiologic agent of exanthum subitum (roseola infantum) has been clearly implicated as a herpesvirus-6. although in the classically described situation high fever in a young ...	1991	2061433
staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in a woman with chronic renal failure exposed to human immunodeficiency virus.	a twenty-eight-year-old woman seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus and undergoing hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease sustained an infection of her arteriovenous graft. multiple erythematous erosions appeared and a diagnosis of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome was made when a frozen section of a fresh skin peel revealed an intraepidermal split through the granular layer and staphylococcus aureus group ii, phage type 71 was cultured from the wound and blood. twenty-six cases ...	1991	2070652
inhibition of epstein-barr virus infection in vitro and in vivo by soluble cr2 (cd21) containing two short consensus repeats.	the extracellular domain of cr2, the epstein-barr virus (ebv)/c3d receptor of b lymphocytes, contains 15 or 16 tandemly arranged short consensus repeat elements (scr). recombinant cr2 proteins containing scr 1 and 2 fused to staphylococcus aureus protein a (pa-cr2) and to murine complement factor h scr 20 (cr2fh) were expressed in escherichia coli and in insect cells, respectively. these recombinant cr2 molecules retained functional activity as indicated by their ability to bind to c3dg in an en ...	1991	1645784
enhancement of macrophage superoxide anion production by amphotericin b.	amphotericin b (amb) appears to have some important immunomodulatory effects, but its mechanism of action has not been explained. we investigated the effects of amb on activation of human monocyte-derived macrophages. macrophages cultured in the presence of amb had an enhanced capacity to produce superoxide anion after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate. this enhancement was dose dependent within a therapeutic range of amb levels (0.1 to 3.0 mg/liter). macrophages cultured in the presenc ...	1991	1649568
phagocytic functions and tumor necrosis factor secretion of human monocytes exposed to natural porcine surfactant (curosurf).	in this study we have analyzed various phagocytic functions and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) secretion of human monocytes exposed to either a biochemically well-defined porcine surfactant or a purified phospholipid preparation. adherence, random migration, and chemotactic response to zymosan activated serum and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine were normal in surfactant-treated monocytes; surfactant was not a chemotactic stimulus. in contrast, phagocytosis of staphylococcus aureus by monocyte ...	1991	1653936
effect of ampicillin/sulbactam on human polymorphonuclear leukocyte function.	the effect of ampicillin and sulbactam on the interaction in vitro of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) with staphylococcus aureus was examined. the exposure of a non-penicillinase-producing s. aureus strain to one fourth the mic of ampicillin but not of sulbactam significantly increased the uptake of bacteria by human pmn. this effect was also observed when bacteria were exposed to the mic0.25 of different combinations of ampicillin and sulbactam (2/1, 1/1, 1/4, 1/8 and 1/32). these effe ...	1991	1666546
effect of protein binding of daptomycin on mic and antibacterial activity.	a higher rate of clinical failures in patients treated with daptomycin (2 mg/kg of body weight, given once daily) compared with rates in patients treated with conventional regimens caused early termination of this comparative clinical trial. one explanation for these failures could be that daptomycin is highly protein bound and that the concentration of the unbound active drug is too low for antibacterial activity. to assess this explanation, we studied the binding of daptomycin to proteins by u ...	1991	1667253
the role of cd11a/cd18-cd54 interactions in human t cell-dependent b cell activation.	the role of leukocyte function-associated ag-1 (lfa-1, cd11a/cd18) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (icam-1, cd54) interactions in human t cell and b cell collaboration was examined by studying the effect of mab to these determinants on b cell proliferation and differentiation stimulated by culturing resting b cells with cd4+ t cells activated with immobilized mab to the cd3 molecular complex. in this model system, mab to either the alpha (cd11a) or beta (cd18) chain of lfa-1 or icam-1 (cd5 ...	1991	1670945
expression of the hox-2.3 homeobox gene in human lymphocytes and lymphoid tissues.	homeobox proteins are sequence-specific dna-binding proteins initially implicated in the control of gene expression in developing tissues; however, there is increasing evidence that these proteins are important in gene regulation in adult tissues. a cdna for the homeobox gene hox-2.3 was isolated from an adult human b-lymphocyte cdna library. northern blot analysis showed expression of a 1.1 and a 1.6 kb messenger rna (mrna) in a human b-cell line. rnase protection assays demonstrated variable e ...	1991	1676919
regulated expression and function of cd11c/cd18 integrin on human b lymphocytes. relation between attachment to fibrinogen and triggering of proliferation through cd11c/cd18.	cd11c/cd18 (p150,95) is a beta 2 integrin expressed by myeloid, natural killer and certain lymphoid cells such as some cytotoxic t cell clones and b cell malignancies. we have studied the expression and function of cd11c on resting and activated b lymphocytes. flow cytometry, immunoprecipitation, and mrna analyses showed that cell activation with phorbol esters or with a variety of stimuli such as staphylococcus aureus or anti-mu antibodies in combination with cytokines induced de novo cd11c/cd1 ...	1991	1683891
fibrinogen acts as a bridging molecule in the adherence of staphylococcus aureus to cultured human endothelial cells.	the propensity of staphylococcus aureus to cause acute endovascular infections during transient bacteremia is poorly understood. to examine the events leading to the attachment of staphylococci to endothelium, adherence assays were developed to study the role of blood factors in the mediation of staphylococcal adherence to cultured human umbilical vein endothelium in vitro. results indicate that the preferential attachment of s. aureus to endothelial cells is mediated by fibrinogen adsorbed from ...	1991	1710235
the role of cd45ra on human b-cell function: anti-cd45ra antibody (anti-2h4) inhibits the activation of resting b cells and antibody production of activated b cells independently in humans.	anti-cd45ra antibody defined by anti-2h4 monoclonal antibody has been reported to split cd4+t cells into two distinct subpopulations. cd45ra antigen is present on the surface of virtually more than 95% b lymphocytes in the purified tonsillar b-cell preparations. we examined the role of cd45ra antigen on human b-cell function using this antibody. the addition to anti-2h4 to tonsillar b cells inhibited the proliferative response induced by staphylococcus aureus cowan strain i(sac) in a dose-depend ...	1991	1715602
[the range of antigenic specificity of bifidobacterium peptidoglycan].	the antigenic relationships of bifidobacterium bifidum 1 peptidoglycans with different strains of this species (lva-3, 791, go-4), bifidobacteria of other species (b. adolescentis go-13, b. breve 79-38, b. lactentis 79-41, b. longum go-3) and bacteria of remote taxonomic groups (streptococcus faecalis 6-3. staphylococcus aureus com 885, s. epidermidis com 2124. lactobacillus plantarum 1, escherichia coli m-17) were studied on the basis of a highly sensitive test system permitting the registratio ...	1991	1716036
a vitronectin-receptor-related molecule in human placental brush border membranes.	the heterodimeric vitronectin receptor (vnr) and platelet glycoprotein iib/iiia (gpiib/iiia) are two members of the integrin family of cell adhesion receptors that share the same beta subunit (gpiiia). these proteins are involved in binding to vitronectin, fibrinogen and fibronectin and in cytoskeleton-membrane interactions. the present study shows that the human placental syncytiotrophoblast brush border membrane contains a heterodimer of subunit mr values of 140,000 and 90,000 (non-reduced) or ...	1991	1720617
effects of recombinant human granulocyte and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors on neutrophil function following autologous bone marrow transplantation.	functional activity of peripheral blood neutrophils was assessed in eight patients at 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks following autologous bone marrow transplantation (abmt). functions studied included superoxide generation (o2-) intracellular killing of staphylococcus aureus, phagocytosis and killing of candida albicans. neutrophils were tested following in vitro preincubation with 300 pm granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf), 1.2 nm granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) or ...	1991	1722549
microbiological evaluation of cefpodoxime proxetil.	cefpodoxime, the active de-esterified molecule of the orally absorbable cephalosporin cefpodoxime proxetil, inhibits streptococci, neisseria spp., and most enterobacteriaceae, with mic50 and/or mic90 values of less than or equal to 2 mg/l; with regard to the latter family of bacteria, the mic50 and/or mic90 values of cefpodoxime are consistently greater than or equal to 4 mg/l for only enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, and morganella morganii. the mic50 of cedpodox ...	1991	1726210
staphylococcal l-asparaginase: antilymphoma and immunosuppressive action.	staphylococcal l-asparaginase inhibits blastic transformation of human lymphocytes and growth of mice leukemia lymphoblasts l5178y-r. the enzyme is removed from blood stream of dba/2 mice very rapidly.	1991	1726614
multiple prostatic abscesses presenting with urethral discharge.	prostatic abscess has become less common, is now usually related to urinary tract infection, and is a rare cause of urethral discharge. the case is described of a man with prostatic abscesses caused by staphylococcus aureus possibly related to recent skin abrasions. transrectal ultrasound was used to make the diagnosis and to facilitate repeated drainage with a successful outcome.	1991	1743716
effect of probenecid on phagocytosis and intracellular killing of staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli by human monocytes and granulocytes.	the present study concerns the effects of probenecid on the phagocytosis and intracellular killing of staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli by human monocytes and granulocytes. in both monocytes and granulocytes the inhibitory effect on phagocytosis was very small. inhibition of intracellular killing of s. aureus by monocytes and granulocytes by probenecid was concentration dependent, being half-maximal at about 2 mm probenecid, and near-maximal at about 5 mm probenecid. the intracellular k ...	1991	1748482
[the characteristics of staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan in the spectrum of the reactivity of human lymphocytes to bacterial peptidoglycans].	the sensitivity of lymphocytes of healthy persons to s. aureus peptidoglycan as compared with that to the polyclonal stimulator zymosan c3b and peptidoglycans of other bacteria (streptococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, bacterium bifidum) was analyzed with a test system permitting the determination of specific reactivity to peptidoglycans. the analysis showed that at the peak of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (25-30 minutes) individual reactivity to s. aureus peptidoglycan varied within wid ...	1991	1759526
human mononuclear cell chemiluminescence and interleukin-1 release induced by staphylococcus aureus protein a.	staphylococcus aureus protein a (spa) is shown to induce a temporary chemiluminescence (cl)-response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. maximal activity of spa is observed at 3 micrograms/ml and ec50 is about 1 microgram/ml. the cl response depends on extracellular calcium, and moreover is inhibited by pretreating cells with rabbit-anti-human igg's. from glass-adhered monocytes, spa alone (3 micrograms/ml) did not consistently affect the generation of immunoreactive interleukin-1 (il-1 ...	1991	1761398
use of patients' sera for immunoperoxidase demonstration of infectious agents in paraffin sections.	using patients' sera diluted from 1:10 to 1:1,000 as the primary antibodies in indirect immunoperoxidase staining, the authors visualized a variety of infectious agents in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. the target lesions included 1) pyoderma caused by staphylococcus aureus, 2) cryptococcal infection, 3) dermal sporotrichosis, 4) colon ulcer caused by amebic dysentery, 5) cutaneous leishmaniasis, and 6) chronic liver abscess containing ova of ascaris lumbricoides. the infecti ...	1991	1776466
[preparation of staphylococcus aureus antigens for evaluation of their immunological reactivity with the human sera by the western blot method].	extracellular antigens as well as cell wall extracts of 4 s. aureus strains isolated from different kinds of infection were analysed by western-blott technique. materials obtained in two systems of bacteria cultivation (with and without aeration) were compared. four systems of page (native conditions, with 8.0 m urea, with sds and sds after previous reduction of the material with 2-mercaptoethanol) were compared in order to get the best differentiation of proteins and antigens. immunological rea ...	1991	1784132
the effect of anti-tuftsin antibody on the phagocytosis of bacteria by human neutrophils.	tuftsin (thr-lys-pro-arg) is a naturally occurring tetrapeptide which stimulates most known functions of the polymorphonuclear and mononuclear phagocytic cell lines. although tuftsin is a well characterized bioactive peptide, the exact physiological role tuftsin plays remains unclear. specific mouse anti-tuftsin antiserum generated in our laboratory, is now available for phagocytosis inhibition studies. monolayers of human neutrophils were prepared on glass coverslips from a few drops of finger ...	1991	1791037
[new findings on the biotyping of staphylococcus aureus isolated during milk processing].	a detailed analysis of biotypes of staphylococcus aureus, as related to their origin and enterotoxigenicity, was performed, using 432 strains isolated from bulk milk, milking machines, quarter milk samples collected from mastitic cows, and cowherds and milkers. all strains coagulated rabbit blood plasma and produced thermonuclease (tab. i). human strains differed from bovine ones mostly in the production of alpha-haemolysin (94%) and fibrinolysin (66%). biotypes c1 (35%) and c2 (38%) dominated c ...	1991	1799032
cross-linking of cd23 antigen by its natural ligand (ige) or by anti-cd23 antibody prevents b lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation.	the possible role of cd23 in the activation of human b lymphocytes was systematically investigated by examining the effect of: 1) anti-cd23 mab; 2) ige or ige-immune complexes and; 3) native or recombinant soluble cd23 of different m.w., on b cell proliferation. intact anti-cd23 mab or its f(ab')2 fragments inhibit the proliferation of tonsillar b lymphocytes costimulated with either staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac) or anti-igm and il-4. the antibody has no effect when il-2 or lmw-bcgf is use ...	1991	1826018
the primary structure of coagulation factor ix/factor x-binding protein isolated from the venom of trimeresurus flavoviridis. homology with asialoglycoprotein receptors, proteoglycan core protein, tetranectin, and lymphocyte fc epsilon receptor for immunoglobulin e.	an anticoagulant protein, factor ix/factor x-binding protein (ix/x-bp), isolated from the venom of trimeresurus flavoviridis, binds with factor ix and factor x in the presence of ca2+ with a 1 to 1 stoichiometry (atoda, h., and morita, t. (1989) j. biochem. (tokyo) 106, 808-813). analysis of s-pyridylethylated ix/x-bp by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a 16.0-kda band (designated the a chain) and a 15.5-kda band (designated the b chain). these two chains were s ...	1991	1831197
comparative effect of protein binding on the killing activities of teicoplanin and vancomycin.	the effect of protein binding on the activity of teicoplanin against staphylococcus aureus was evaluated. bactericidal rates of teicoplanin in cation-supplemented mueller-hinton broth (smhb) and in a 1:1 mixture of pooled human serum and cation-supplemented mueller-hinton broth (phs-smhb) were compared with those of vancomycin. eight concentrations of each drug ranging from 15 to 150 micrograms/ml were studied in two series which correspond to the concentrations in serum achieved with low- (6 mg ...	1991	1834010
frequency analysis of human peripheral blood b cells producing autoantibodies: differential activation requirements of precursors for b cells producing igm-rf and anti-dna antibody.	to investigate the mechanism of autoantibody production, the extent and nature of anti-dna precursors within normal human b cells were examined by utilizing two different polyclonal b cell stimulators, staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sa) and immobilized mab to the cd3 molecular complex (64.1). in cultures stimulated with sa and il2, b cells produced igm-rf, but not anti-dna, whereas b cells produced great amounts of anti-dna in cultures stimulated with sa and intact t4 cells. in cultures stimulat ...	1991	1834351
structure--function relationship of the human erythrocyte plasma membrane ca(2+)-atpase revealed by v8 protease treatment.	treatment of the solubilized and purified ca(2+)-translocating atpase (ca(2+)-atpase) (136 kda) from human erythrocyte plasma membranes with endoproteinase glu-c from staphylococcus aureus strain v8 (v8 protease) yielded transient fragments of 96 kda and 76 kda and more stable fragments of 60 kda and 37/36 kda (doublet). the presence of calmodulin did not alter the fragmentation pattern. the 60 kda fragment contains the protein kinase c (bovine brain) phosphorylation site(s), which we previously ...	1991	1835379
purified staphylococcal culture medium stimulates neutral metalloprotease secretion from human articular cartilage.	human articular cartilage released significantly increased levels of metal-dependent enzymes capable of degrading collagen, casein, and gelatin at a neutral ph following exposure to a sterile, purified fraction of staphylococcus aureus culture medium. neutral metalloprotease activity was determined by radiolabeled substrate assays and substrate gel analysis. the enzymes were activated with 4-aminophenylmercuric acetate and were inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline and ethylenediamine tetraacetic aci ...	1991	1846914
effect of bacterial toxins on human b cell activation. ii. mitogenic activity of the b subunit of cholera toxin.	the b subunit of cholera toxin (ct) but not the entire ct was found to induce the proliferation of resting human b lymphocytes. a significant mitogenic effect was observed for b subunit concentrations greater than 1 microgram/ml and reached a maximum of stimulation at 10 micrograms/ml. as already described for b lymphocytes preactivated with staphylococcus aureus cowan strain i (sac). b lymphocytes preactivated with the b subunit of ct, but not with the entire ct, were able to proliferate in res ...	1991	1847876
phagocyte-derived free radicals stimulated by ingestion of iron-rich staphylococcus aureus: a spin-trapping study.	phagocytic cells generate superoxide (o2-) and hydrogen peroxide (h2o2), creating the substrates for hydroxyl radical (ho.) in the presence of redox active metals. previously it was shown that ho. is not a physiologic product of human neutrophils or monocytes but can be generated in the presence of high concentrations of iron. this study was undertaken to determine whether bacterial iron could be used for the generation of ho. the growth of staphylococcus aureus under iron-rich conditions increa ...	1991	1849162
effect of a factor released by k562 malignant cells in culture on human neutrophil bactericidal activity.	we have previously demonstrated that k562 malignant cells in culture contain and release a low-molecular-mass (8-kda) factor that inhibits adherence-related functions of neutrophils but does not alter fmet-leu-phe- or phorbol ester-induced oxidative burst (m. amar, n. amit, t. pham huu, s. chollet-martin, m.t. labro, m.a. gougerot-pocidalo, and j. hakim, j. immunol. 144:4749-4756, 1990). in this study, we investigated the effects of this factor, referred to as inhibitory factor 1 (if1), on the b ...	1991	1855986
human and sheep growth-plate cartilage type x collagen synthesis and the influence of tissue storage.	direct comparison of type x collagen synthesized by human, sheep and chick growth-plate cartilage has shown that the human type x collagen is similar to the chick in both its molecular mass, containing component alpha-chains of 59 kda with helical regions of 45 kda, and apparent absence of disulphide-stabilized aggregates, whereas the sheep type x collagen has slightly larger alpha-chains (63 kda) accounted for by a longer helical region (49 kda) that contains cystine residues essential for the ...	1991	1859378