Publications

sequential chromosome abnormalities in b cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a study of 13 cases.	the chromosomal constitution of stimulated lymphocytes in 13 patients with b cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (b-cll) were sequentially examined using polyclonal b cell activators (pba), i.e., epstein-barr virus (ebv), lipopolysaccharide w from e. coli (lps), pokeweed mitogen (pwm), and protein a from staphylococcus aureus (pa). of the 11 patients (44 samplings) with abnormal clones, 2 patients had only trisomy 12, 6 patients had trisomy 12 plus other clonal abnormalities, such as +8, +9, +16, ...	1986	3484671
implications for the role of cognate interactions in in vitro human b cell activation by staphylococcus aureus cowan i and pokeweed mitogen.	human b cell-triggering mechanisms were investigated using the polyclonal activators staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac) and pokeweed mitogen (pwm). when the cultures of b cells, t cells, and monocytes were stimulated for 5 d by sac or pwm, b cells could be activated by both mitogens to proliferate and secrete ig. even when t cells were substituted by t cell-derived soluble factors, sac-stimulated b cells could differentiate into ig-secreting cells. in contrast, interactions of b and t cells for ...	1986	3484752
morphological studies on plasma cell differentiation induced by staphylococcus aureus cowan i strain in human peripheral blood b-lymphocytes.		1986	3486541
activation of human b cells: involvement of surface immunoglobulin as evidenced by two biochemically distinct types of response to staphylococcus aureus.	if activation of human b cells by staphylococcus aureus proceeds through interaction of surface immunoglobulin with staphylococcal protein a, then immunoglobulins should be produced that are capable of binding to protein a as a consequence of such stimulation. in the present report it is shown that two biochemically distinct types of response to s. aureus are demonstrable in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. two types of igm are produced: igm capable of binding to protein a, and igm that does ...	1986	3486859
staphylococcus aureus cowan i. potent stimulus of immunoglobulin m rheumatoid factor production.	these studies demonstrate that staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac), a protein a-positive staphylococcal strain, is a potent and consistent inducer of igm rheumatoid factor production by normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. the frequency and magnitude of this response greatly exceeded that of parallel cultures stimulated with pokeweed mitogen or the protein a-negative s. aureus wood strain, although all three agents induced a similar amount of total igm. cell fractionation studies ind ...	1986	3489006
abilities of human oligodendroglial cells and mouse schwann cells to phagocytose mycobacterium leprae and other mycobacteria.	human oligodendroglial kg-1-c cells derived from human cerebral mixed glioma and mouse schwann cells derived from dorsal root ganglion were studied with respect to their abilities to phagocytose various mycobacteria, especially mycobacterium leprae, and other microorganisms. kg-1-c cells phagocytosed m. leprae at a markedly higher rate than balb/3t3, bhk 21, hela s3, mks-a tu-7, xc, tsv-5, n-18, and schwann cells but at a lower rate than peritoneal macrophages. schwann cells also exhibited subst ...	1986	3510165
induction of c-myc expression in human b lymphocytes by b-cell growth factor and anti-immunoglobulin.	purified human b lymphocytes were examined for transcriptional expression of c-myc in response to mitogenic stimulation by the method of in situ hybridization using 35s-labeled dna probes. the level of c-myc expression increased 10- to 20-fold within 2 hr after the addition of anti-mu, formalinized staphylococcus aureus cowan strain i, or b-cell growth factor, as compared to resting b cells. after 72-96 hr of mitogenic stimulation, c-myc expression remained elevated 5-fold, but expression among ...	1986	3513176
the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 on in vitro immunoglobulin production in human b cells.	1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 (1,25(oh)2d3) dose-dependently suppressed immunoglobulin (ig) production of human b cells, as evaluated by igg-plaque-forming cells (igg-pfc) in the culture of pokeweed mitogen (pwm)-activated b cells. similar suppressive effect of 1,25(oh)2d3 on ig production of b cells was observed in the staphylococcus aureus cowan i(sac)-induced ig-producing system. the mean percentage of inhibitions at a concentration of 10(-9) m were 60.0 +/- 8.2% (mean +/- se, n = 6) and 65.1 +/- ...	1986	3519769
microbial filtrates activate granulocytes without complement or prostaglandins.	cardiorespiratory dysfunction in sepsis may be mediated by circulating complement, activated leukocytes, prostaglandins, or by a direct effect of endotoxin. the purposes of this study were to determine if pathogenic microbes produce these substances and to evaluate the direct effects of substances released by micro-organisms on granulocyte aggregation (ga). escherichia coli, (e. coli), aeromonas hydrophila (aeromonas h.), staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus), and candida albicans, (candida a.) were ...	1986	3524892
rapid method for the detection of group b streptococci from human sources.	a modification of the classical camp test has been devised for the rapid detection of streptococci of serological group b from human sources. the method was compared with detection based on the development of orange pigmented colonies on a starch-based medium and with detection by conventional methods. in a survey of vaginal carriage of group b streptococci in parturient women, the modified camp test detected a carriage rate of 13.09%, the starch-based, pigment enhancing medium, 5.76% and the co ...	1986	3536831
effect of ciprofloxacin on intracellular organisms: in-vitro and in-vivo studies.	ciprofloxacin is taken up rapidly by both human neutrophils and mouse peritoneal macrophages. it does not appear to be bound firmly within the cell and can be eluted readily if the extracellular concentration is lowered. uptake does not depend on an active transport mechanism. intracellular ciprofloxacin is biologically active reducing the survival of intracellular staphylococcus aureus and mycobacterium fortuitum, in vitro. in vivo, ciprofloxacin was effective in treating a murine systemic infe ...	1986	3542948
non-tropical pyomyositis.	pyomyositis occurred in a man who had not been to the tropics. the condition is common in the tropics but most unusual in temperate climates and is nearly always caused by staphylococcus aureus. pyomyositis must be borne in mind in obscure cases of sepsis, as early recognition and treatment are essential to prevent a fatal outcome.	1986	3782487
the pulmonary disposition of theophylline and its influence on human alveolar macrophage bactericidal function.	we studied the pulmonary disposition of theophylline by performing bronchoalveolar lavage on 19 normal, nonsmoking volunteers who had taken theophylline orally for 14 days. in addition, we determined the influence of theophylline on human alveolar macrophage bacterial phagocytosis, intracellular killing, and hydrogen peroxide release. we found a 1:1 relationship between serum and bronchoalveolar lavage theophylline concentrations when lavage fluid concentrations were corrected for saline dilutio ...	1986	3789521
the amino-acid sequence of rat cu-zn superoxide dismutase.	the primary structure of cu-zn superoxide dismutase isolated from rat liver was determined. the enzyme was reduced, carboxymethylated and fragmented by treatment with cyanogen bromide, trypsin or staphylococcus aureus proteinase v8. the resulting peptides were separated by gel filtration or high performance liquid chromatography and sequenced by automated edman degradation. the total sequence of 153 amino-acid residues per subunit was reconstructed from overlapping peptides. rat cu-zn superoxide ...	1986	3790250
an in vitro investigation of the intracellular bioactivity of amoxicillin, clindamycin, and erythromycin for staphylococcus aureus.	the intraphagocytic bioactivities for staphylococcus aureus of amoxicillin, clindamycin, and erythromycin (0.0075-20 micrograms/ml) were measured in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnls) with the combination of a fluorochrome microassay and a radioassay. pmnls with normal or depleted membrane-associated oxidative metabolism were used to investigate the interactions that may occur between the intrinsic o2-dependent antimicrobial systems of human phagocytes and antimicrobial agents in the eli ...	1986	3950443
role of bacterial exopolymers and host factors on adherence and phagocytosis of staphylococcus aureus in foreign body infection.	using a previously developed guinea pig model of foreign body infection, we examined ultrastructural and functional surface alterations of staphylococcus aureus strain wood 46 during the early phase of infection. exopolymer-free bacteria were prepared and inoculated into subcutaneously implanted tissue cages. after three hours, the bacteria showed abundant capsular and intercellular exopolymers, which were visualized by transmission electron microscopy. exopolymers were also produced by s. aureu ...	1987	3805776
toxic shock syndrome. a newly recognized complication of influenza and influenzalike illness.	nine cases of severe hypotension or death compatible with toxic shock syndrome (tss) as a complication of influenza and influenzalike illness were identified in minnesota with onsets between jan 2, 1986, and feb 23, 1986, in which five of the patients died. during this time, an influenza outbreak was occurring in the state. cultures of respiratory secretions were performed in eight patients; staphylococcus aureus was isolated from all of them. seven s aureus isolates were available for determina ...	1987	3806893
functional differentiation of normal human neutrophils.	in the past differentiation of human neutrophils has been defined by morphology, cytochemistry, or surface markers. in our experiments we have sequenced the various events that occur during the functional differentiation of the normal human neutrophil and have also examined some of the functional properties in relationship to surface markers and biochemical events. granulocytes were obtained from the bone marrow and blood of hematologically normal individuals. cells were separated into different ...	1987	3814822
[staphylococcal infection after intramuscular injection].	a 74-year-old woman and a 68-year-old man admitted to hospital for backache and somnolence both showed growth of staphylococcus aureus in blood cultures. one patient died from septic shock. in both patients septicemia was secondary to a gluteal abscess after intramuscular injection of antirheumatic drugs. diagnosis was particularly difficult due to lack of local signs. local pain hardly differed from that of the original "rheumatic" backache. the literature is reviewed and diagnosis and treatmen ...	1987	3563455
staphylococcus aureus-stimulated human mononuclear leucocyte-conditioned medium augments the basal and stimuli-induced neutrophil respiratory burst and degranulation.	culture medium conditioned by mononuclear leucocytes (mnl) stimulated by formalin-fixed heat-killed staphylococcus aureus (scm) modulated a number of neutrophil functions. the scm inhibited the locomotion of human neutrophils in both the presence and absence of a chemotactic gradient generated with n-formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine (fmlp). it also stimulated the oxygen-dependent respiratory burst as assessed by its ability to stimulate basal h2o2, superoxide and chemiluminescence pro ...	1987	3570357
efficacy of ciprofloxacin in animal models of infection: endocarditis, meningitis, and pneumonia.	animal models of infection are very useful tools for identifying those situations in which antibacterial drugs, including the quinolones, may play special roles, i.e., for positioning a drug correctly for its role in the treatment of human disease. ciprofloxacin has been studied extensively in discriminative animal models of infection, and its efficacy in the treatment of these infections has been compared with that of standard therapy. in a rabbit model of staphylococcal endocarditis, ciproflox ...	1987	3578331
immunoultrastructural studies of human nk cells: ii. effector-target cell binding and phagocytosis.	the binding of nk cells to a target cell appears to be a necessary step for nk cell-mediated cytolysis. in this report, we demonstrated effector-target binding by immunoelectron microscopy by using monoclonal antibodies against nk cells (leu-7, leu-11a) and t-cell subsets (leu-2a/t8, leu-3a/t4). the surfaces of nk and k562 cells were characterized by antitransferrin receptor antibody and various lectins. in addition, the controversial phagocytic activity of nk cells was studied by incubation of ...	1987	3578843
[stimulation of the respiratory burst of the neutrophils from healthy subjects by different staphylococcus aureus concentrations].	preopsonized live and heat-killed s. aureus stimulated, without the washing of serum, the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of human neutrophils obtained from healthy donors. the intensity of chemiluminescence was evaluated by the index of stimulation with staphylococci, with due consideration for their concentration. with the microbe/phagocyte ratio equal to 10:1, these indices had the maximum values when both live and killed staphylococci were used. at high concentrations of staphylococci, e ...	1987	3591126
structural analysis of covalently labeled estrogen receptors by limited proteolysis and monoclonal antibody reactivity.	we have used limited proteolysis of affinity-labeled estrogen receptors (er), coupled with antireceptor antibody immunoreactivity, to assess structural features of er and the relatedness of er from mcf-7 human breast cancer and rat uterine cells. mcf-7 er preparations covalently labeled with [3h]tamoxifen aziridine [( 3h]taz) were treated with trypsin (t), alpha-chymotrypsin (c), or staphylococcus aureus v8 protease prior to electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels. fluorography revealed a ...	1987	3620450
extracellular products of staphylococcus aureus reversibly inhibit the terminal differentiation of cultured mouse epidermal cells.	the effect of extracellular products from staphylococcus aureus on the differentiation of mouse epidermal cells was studied using an in vitro cell culture system. the extracellular products from a clinical strain of s. aureus isolated from human skin lesions reversibly inhibited the ca++-induced terminal differentiation of epidermal cells, as determined by their morphology and the extent of cornified envelope formation. this suggests that a similar modification of cell differentiation is involve ...	1987	3621366
amino acid sequence of the von willebrand factor-binding domain of platelet membrane glycoprotein ib.	we report the amino acid sequence of a 299-residue segment from the alpha chain of the human platelet membrane glycoprotein ib. this includes the complete sequence of the amino-terminal tryptic fragment of 290 residues comprising the von willebrand factor-binding domain. two primary sets of overlapping fragments were obtained by cleavage of the s-carboxymethylated protein at methionyl and lysyl bonds following treatment with cyanogen bromide and achromobacter protease i, respectively. additional ...	1987	3497398
1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 inhibits proliferative response of t- and b-lymphocytes in a serum-free culture.	the contribution of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 to the proliferative response of human b- and t-lymphocytes was examined in a serum-free culture, in which b-cells were stimulated with staphylococcus aureus cowan i, and t-cells with phytohemagglutinin, respectively. 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 inhibited mitogen-induced b-cell proliferation at a dose of 10(-7) m (p less than 0.01). t-cell proliferation was inhibited at the lower dose range between 10(-9) m and 10(-7) m. thus, although 1 alp ...	1987	3500924
monosaccharide inhibition of staphylococcus aureus adherence to human solid-phase fibronectin.		1987	3559279
human apolipoprotein b-100 heparin-binding sites.	seven distinct heparin-binding sites have been demonstrated on human apolipoprotein (apo) b-100 by using a combination of digestion with cyanogen bromide or staphylococcus aureus v-8 protease and heparin-sepharose affinity chromatography. based on fragment analysis, the approximate boundaries of the seven binding sites are as follows: site a, residues 5-99; site b, residues 205-279; site c, residues 875-932; site d, residues 2016-2151; site e, residues 3134-3209; site f, 3356-3489; and site g, r ...	1987	3301850
neutrophil activation after burn injury: contributions of the classic complement pathway and of endotoxin.	we attempt to elucidate the mechanisms of neutrophil (pmn) activation after burn injury. we previously reported prolonged elevations of pmn cell surface complement (c) opsonin receptor levels after burn trauma with a corresponding period of depressed pmn chemotaxis to c5a, which suggests that the c product, c5a, was responsible for pmn activation. however, a lack of direct correlation of c activation with c receptor levels soon after injury raised the possibility of a second pmn-activating subst ...	1987	3307005
proteolysis and deglycosylation of human c1 inhibitor. effect on functional properties.	the effects of proteolysis and deglycosylation on c1 inhibitor (c1inh) were tested with respect to both its ability to form complexes with c1s and its capacity to block c1 autoactivation. limited proteolysis of c1inh by staphylococcus aureus v8 proteinase, proline-specific endopeptidase or elastase generated a major high-mr (approximately 86,000) fragment. in contrast with the fragment produced by elastase, which was inactive, the fragments resulting from v8 proteinase and proline-specific endop ...	1987	3311024
antimicrobial activity of ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, desacetylcefotaxime, and cefotaxime-desacetylcefotaxime in the presence of human serum.	eighty-seven organisms were tested against ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, desacetylcefotaxime, and the combination of cefotaxime and desacetylcefotaxime (1:1 ratio) in broth containing 0, 25, or 50% human serum. in the presence of human serum, ceftriaxone mics were four- to eightfold higher than those obtained in broth, changing 98% of staphylococcus aureus strains from the susceptible to the moderately susceptible category and 53% of selected gram-negative strains to a more resistant category. the mi ...	1987	3606081
a synthetic hemoregulatory peptide (hp5b) inhibits human myelopoietic colony formation (cfu-gm) but not leukocyte phagocytosis in vitro.	a synthetic analog of a hemoregulatory peptide associated with mature human granulocyte (hp5b) has been investigated for inhibitory effects on human myelopoietic stem cells in vitro. in addition, it has been tested for effects on phagocytosis by human granulocytes and monocytes by use of an automatic flow cytometric method. a dose-dependent inhibition of colony formation was found after preincubation of bone marrow cells for 1 h at 37 degrees c in the range 10(7) -10(-11) mol/l. above or below t ...	1987	3678477
clinical limitations of in vitro testing of microorganism susceptibility.	general concepts in evaluating the clinical importance of discrepancies between in vitro susceptibility tests of microorganisms and in vivo results are reviewed, and four problematic antibacterial-bacterial combinations are discussed. the three most common in vitro testing systems--agar disk diffusion, agar dilution, and broth dilution--are designed to detect the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of an antimicrobial agent. however, agar and broth systems cannot include all of the biologic v ...	1987	3826085
autophosphorylation of the protein kinase dependent on double-stranded rna.	the double-stranded rna (dsrna)-dependent protein kinase (p68 kinase) from interferon-treated human cell is a mr 68,000 protein induced by interferon. by the use of a specific monoclonal antibody, we have been able to study the two distinct protein kinase activities characteristic of purified p68 kinase. the first activity is functional for endogenous phosphorylation of the enzyme (p68 kinase), whereas the second one is responsible for the phosphorylation of exogenous substrates such as eukaryot ...	1987	3479429
a simultaneous flow cytometric measurement of neutrophil phagocytosis and oxidative burst in whole blood.	to quantitate phagocytosis and respiratory burst by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns), 1-ml aliquots of human whole blood were incubated with 50 microm dichlorofluorescin diacetate for 10 min at 37 degrees c prior to the addition of texas red-labelled staphylococcus aureus (sa). at 5-min intervals pmns were analyzed by flow cytometry for ingested sa and resultant production of hydrogen peroxide, an oxidative burst metabolite. pmns from infected patients or normals that had been primed for 1 hr ...	1987	3621481
immunosuppressive effects of centipeda periodontii: selective cytotoxicity for lymphocytes and monocytes.	we have examined soluble sonic extracts prepared from several strains of centipeda periodontii for their ability to alter human lymphocyte function. these organisms were isolated from subgingival plaque of patients with periodontal disease. we found that sonicates from several, but not all, strains of c. periodontii caused a dose-dependent inhibition of lymphocyte responsiveness to concanavalin a, phytohemagglutinin, pokeweed mitogen, and formalinized staphylococcus aureus. inhibition was associ ...	1987	3653981
prominent igm rheumatoid factor production by human cord blood lymphocytes stimulated in vitro with staphylococcus aureus cowan i.	we previously reported that staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac) is a potent stimulant of igm rheumatoid factor (rf) production by normal adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells. in the current study, we compared the capacity of normal adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cord blood mononuclear cells to produce igm rf. although both populations of cells consistently produced igm rf in response to sac, the quantity of rf produced by cord blood cells (128 +/- 18 ng/ml, mean +/- sem) greatl ...	1987	3655363
activation of the human complement cascade by bacterial cell walls, peptidoglycans, water-soluble peptidoglycan components, and synthetic muramylpeptides--studies on active components and structural requirements.	cell walls isolated from 29 strains of 24 gram-positive bacterial species, whose peptidoglycans belong to the group a type of schleifer and kandler's classification, with one exception (arthrobacter sp.), were shown to activate the complement cascade in pooled fresh human serum mainly through the alternative pathway and partly through the classical one. the complement-activating effect of cell walls (5 species) possessing group b type peptidoglycan, except those of corynebacterium insidiosum, wa ...	1987	3670125
expression of human insulin-like growth factor i in bacteria: use of optimized gene fusion vectors to facilitate protein purification.	several fusions between the gene for human insulin-like growth factor i (igf-i) and the genes for different igg-binding fragments of staphylococcal protein a were assembled and compared regarding expression, secretion, and purification of the peptide hormone. after igg affinity purification of the fusion proteins from the growth medium of staphylococcus aureus or escherichia coli, native igf-i was released by cleavage of an asn-gly peptide bond with hydroxylamine. an optimized expression system ...	1987	3676250
[effect of rifampicin, lincomycin and staphylococcal vaccine on the beta-lysin activity of the blood serum of animals infected with staphylococcus].	changes in activity of beta-lysins in blood serum were studied in the time course on albino mice infected with staphylococci and treated with rifampicin, lincomycin and inactivated staphylococcal vaccine administered in combination or alone. it was shown that staphylococcal infection lowered activity of the serum beta-lysins in the animals and therapeutic use of inactivated staphylococcal vaccine stimulated beta-lysin activity. therapeutic use of rifampicin or lincomycin under the same condition ...	1987	3566229
the role of plasmids in opsonin-independent staphylococcus aureus-leukocyte interactions.	the opsonin-independent phagocytic and bactericidal activity of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes stimulated by two staphylococcus aureus strains and their variants with differing plasmid patterns was investigated. interactions between staphylococci and phagocytes were evaluated by chemiluminescence and intracellular killing tests. the results obtained indicate that the presence or absence of certain plasmids can modify staphylococcal phagocytosis and their susceptibility to intracellular killi ...	1987	3425035
in vitro and ex vivo influence of rifamycins on human phagocytes.	we studied the effects of rifamycin sv, rifampicin and rifapentine on human phagocyte functions. rifamycins inhibited in vitro neutrophil chemotaxis in the range of their therapeutic levels, and they significantly affected the survival of a rifamycin-sensitive strain of staphylococcus aureus inside human monocytes. both effects were related to the intraphagocytic penetration of these antibiotics. for the ex vivo studies, 600 mg of rifampicin were orally administered to five subjects with defecti ...	1987	3435923
protective activity of two human intravenous immunoglobulin preparations in experimental infection with an encapsulated staphylococcus aureus strain.	the protective effect of two different human immunoglobulin preparations for intravenous use and one specific staphylococcal immunoglobulin for intramuscular application were compared in mice infected with the capsular staphylococcus aureus smith strain. immunovenin is produced by partial fragmentation of igg with plasmin; it contains about 60% intact igg and 40% fab and fc fragments. immunovenin-intact is produced by a polyethylene glycol (mol wt 6000) fractionation method followed by ion excha ...	1987	3439436
herpes simplex virus-induced changes of the keratin type intermediate filament in rat epithelial cells.	herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection of human fibroblast cells grown in culture induces reorganization of the cytoskeleton fibrillar structures. normal transport and insertion of hsv glycoproteins into the plasma membrane of the cells depend on the integrity of the microtubules. the natural host cells for hsv are epithelial cells, and an epithelial cell line established from rat palate was used in the present study. the effect of virus on the structure of the intermediate filaments and ...	1987	2434610
the effect of uv-light on human skin microorganisms.	pityrosporum orbiculare, candida albicans, staphylococcus epidermidis and s. aureus were irradiated with uva and uvb light in vitro. uvb inhibited growth much more effectively than uva. p. orbiculare was the most sensitive and s. aureus the least sensitive organism. with a dose of 900 mj cm-2 of uvb a 50 times reduction in number of colony forming units was seen for s. aureus and for the other organisms a total inhibition of growth was seen. when p. orbiculare was irradiated with monochromatic l ...	1987	2436418
structure-activity relationship of gramicidin s analogues on membrane permeability.	the previous study of the action of gramicidin s on bacteria (katsu, t., kobayashi, h. and fujita, y. (1986) biochim. biophys. acta 860, 608-619) prompted us to investigate further the structure-activity relationship of the gramicidin s analogues on membrane permeability. two types of the gramicidin s analogues were used in the present study: (1) cyclo(-x-d-leu-d-lys-d-leu-l-pro-)2, where x = gly, d-leu and d-cyclohexylalanine (d-chxala); (2) n,n'-diacetyl derivative of gramicidin s (diacetyl-gr ...	1987	2437956
specific binding of the human s protein (vitronectin) to streptococci, staphylococcus aureus, and escherichia coli.	specific binding of the 125i-labeled human s protein (vitronectin) which has been shown to be identical with serum-spreading factor, was observed with group a, c, and g streptococci as well as with staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli. the specific binding of s protein to group a, c, and g streptococci was high, whereas the binding to s. aureus and e. coli cultures was moderate. in contrast, group b streptococci and a number of other bacterial species tested did not interact with s protein ...	1987	2440809
a bacteriological examination of breast pumps.	in an investigation of the source of an outbreak of serratia marcescens infection in a special care baby unit, several breast pumps used in the hospital and community were examined. the epidemic strain was isolated from two pumps and other gram-negative organisms, staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus faecalis were isolated from seven. the findings indicate that breast pumps may be a potential source of contamination of the user, her breast milk, infant and environment. our recommendations reg ...	1987	2883225
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3-mediated inhibition of human b cell differentiation.	we have examined the mechanisms of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 (d3)-mediated inhibition of human b cell differentiation to immunoglobulin (ig) secreting cells. b lymphocytes were purified from human tonsils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. mononuclear cells were separated into adherent cells and nonadherent cells. cells were stimulated with staphylococcus aureus cowen i (sac) or pokeweed mitogen (pwm) for 7 days and immunoglobulin production was measured by elisa assay, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin ...	1987	3117462
role of hla class i and class ii antigens in activation and differentiation of b cells.	the monoclonal antibodies (moab) cr10-214, cr11-115, and q1/28 to distinct monomorphic determinants of hla class i antigens, the moab cl413 and ptf29.12 recognizing monomorphic determinants of hla-dr antigens, the anti-hla-dqw1 moab ks11, the anti-hla-dpw1 moab b7/21, and the anti-hla-dr,dp moab cr11-462 were tested for their ability to modulate human b-lymphocyte proliferation and maturation to igm-forming cells. purified tonsillar b cells were stimulated with staphylococcus aureus bacteria of ...	1987	3111726
comparative activation requirements of human peripheral blood, spleen, and lymph node b cells.	human peripheral blood, spleen, and lymph node b cells were stimulated with cowan i staphylococcus aureus (sa) or f(ab')2 fragments of anti-mu antibody (anti-mu) and various lymphokines and were analyzed for proliferation and generation of ig-secreting cells (isc). sa alone but not anti-mu stimulated minimal proliferation of each population. recombinant il 2 (r-il 2) effectively promoted proliferation of sa-stimulated blood and spleen b cells, but supported less vigorous responses of lymph node ...	1987	3112218
effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha on mitogen-activated human b cells.	in this study we demonstrate that the monocyte/macrophage product, tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha), has significant in vitro effects of b cell function. it costimulated with anti-mu in the induction of b cell dna synthesis, and it prolonged the dna synthesis initiated in b cell cultures stimulated with the human b cell mitogen, staphylococcus aureus cowan strain i (sac). the addition of either il-1 or ifn-gamma to tnf-alpha resulted in a substantial further increase in dna synthesis. the ...	1987	3040886
solid-phase radioimmunoassay for igg antibodies to staphylococcus epidermidis. use in serious coagulase-negative staphylococcal infections.	a radioimmunoassay (ria) for human igg antibodies to staphylococcus epidermidis was compared with an agar-gel-diffusion assay in patients with a variety of infections. the ria was sensitive and reproducible and discriminated between endocarditis and uncomplicated bacteremias due to coagulase-negative staphylococci. anti-s epidermidis antibodies by ria were elevated in 16 (89%) of 18 patients with coagulase-negative staphylococcal endocarditis but in none of 28 patients with uncomplicated bactere ...	1987	3103563
rheumatoid factor secretion from human leu-1+ b cells.	a human b cell subpopulation identifiable by the expression of the cell surface antigen leu-1 (cd5) is responsible for most of the immunoglobulin m rheumatoid factor secreted in vitro after the cells are stimulated with staphylococcus aureus. the ability of b cells bearing the leu-1 marker (leu-1+) to secrete rheumatoid factor is present early in development and extends to adulthood, since leu-1+ b cells from cord blood and from peripheral blood lymphocytes of both normal adults and patients wit ...	1987	3105057
ige-enhancing activity directly and selectively affects activated b cells: evidence for a human ige differentiation factor.	t cells from highly atopic individuals spontaneously secrete in vitro a factor that specifically induces ige synthesis from normal human b cells. we investigated the effects of such t cell supernatants derived from atopic individuals (tcsn-a) on functionally distinct b cell subsets to determine at what developmental stage b cells become responsive to this ige-enhancing activity. b cells from normal and allergic donors were separated into subsets of small resting and large activated cells by dens ...	1987	3108377
enhancement of human b cell proliferation and differentiation by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 1.	the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) in human b cell responses was examined and compared with that of interleukin (il) 1 by assessing the ability of each cytokine to support proliferation and differentiation. recombinant tnf-alpha (rtnf-alpha) and recombinant il-1 (ril-1) each enhanced the generation of immunoglobulin-secreting cells (isc) in cultures of pokeweed mitogen-stimulated b cells incubated with t cells. to examine the direct effect of rtnf-alpha and ril-1 on the respondi ...	1987	3117883
[use of filter-adsorbed enterotoxins for isolating human immune interferon].	the use of a and b enterotoxins of st. aureus adsorbed on millipore nitrocellulose filters for induction of donor blood leukocytes resulted in production of immune interferon free of the inducer. the interferon produced by this method is acid-labile and inactivated by antiserum to human immune interferon but not to human leukocyte interferon. the advantage of this type of induction consists in the possibility of multiple use of the filters with adsorbed enterotoxins.	1987	3118573
oxygen-dependent killing of staphylococcus aureus by human neutrophils.	luminol-dependent chemiluminescence was used as a monitor of reactive oxidant generation during phagocytosis of staphylococcus aureus by human neutrophils. reactive oxidants play a crucial role in the killing of this organism because: (a) s. aureus was killed most rapidly when the rate of increase of chemiluminescence was greatest; (b) neutrophils which had been activated to generate reactive oxidants by re-aeration of anaerobic suspensions killed this bacterium more efficiently than control sus ...	1987	2846751
development and characterization of a human b cell line that responds to b cell growth factor but not interleukin 2.	the human lymphoblastoid cell line we present here proliferated in response to a 14,000 m.w. b cell growth factor (bcgf), and not to interleukin 2 (il 2). this cell line, designated b-a3, was established by epstein barr virus (ebv) transformation of staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac)-activated spleen b cells, and has been maintained in rpmi 1640 medium complemented with 15% fetal calf serum (fcs) without the addition of other exogenous growth factors. a proliferative response, as measured by [3 ...	1987	3031160
opsonization of staphylococcus aureus protects endothelial cells from damage by phagocytosing polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	when phagocytosis of staphylococcus aureus by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) takes place on the surface of cultured human endothelial cells, the endothelial monolayers are damaged by lysosomal enzymes that are released by the pmn. because pmn can phagocytose opsonized as well as unopsonized staphylococci on an endothelial surface, we studied the role of bacterial opsonization in the damage caused to the endothelium. phagocytosis of unopsonized s. aureus was accompanied by greater damag ...	1987	3032800
a single polypeptide acts both as the beta subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase and as a protein disulfide-isomerase.	a single polypeptide is shown to act both as the beta subunit of the proline hydroxylase (ec 1.14.11.2) and as a protein disulfide-isomerase (ec 5.3.4.1). when isolated from chick embryos or rat liver, the beta subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase and the enzyme protein disulfide-isomerase have identical molecular weights and peptide maps as produced by digestion with staphylococcus aureus v8 protease. the apparent molecular weights of both proteins isolated from human placental tissue are slightly h ...	1987	3032969
epstein-barr virus-transformed b-cell line (dv-1) derived from bone marrow of a patient with severe combined immunodeficiency and immunoblastic lymphoma.	an epstein-barr virus-transformed b-cell line derived from a patient with severe combined immunodeficiency who died of a lymphoreticular malignancy has been characterized. the line derived from bone marrow cultures and designated dv-1 shows surface and cytoplasmic igm and staining with fluorescent monoclonal antibodies against immunoglobulin heavy and light chains mu, delta, and kappa, dr, and several other b-cell surface antigens. dv-1 secretes igm kappa and demonstrates monoclonality on analys ...	1987	3033590
localization of a collagen-interactive domain of human von willebrand factor between amino acid residues gly 911 and glu 1,365.	a collagen-binding domain of von willebrand factor (vwf) has been identified in the central part of the molecule by comparing the binding properties of vwf and staphylococcus aureus v-8 protease-generated vwf fragments with collagen. the binding of purified human vwf to human type iii collagen was found to be specific. at saturation, 38 to 50.2 micrograms of vwf bound per milligram of collagen. scatchard plots derived from binding isotherms demonstrated the presence of at least two classes of bi ...	1987	2889486
virulence studies, in mice, of transposon-induced mutants of staphylococcus aureus differing in capsule size.	we used three related strains of staphylococcus aureus to determine whether capsule size influenced bacterial virulence. strain sa1 mucoid elaborated a large capsule demonstrable by transmission electron microscopy (tem). nonmucoid isolates were derived from strain sa1 mucoid by tn551 insertional mutagenesis. by tem, strain jl24 produced a "microcapsule," whereas strain jl25 was unencapsulated. strain sa1 mucoid had a 50% lethal dose for mice greater than 3,000-fold lower than that of strains jl ...	1987	2821124
a series of six ligands for the human formyl peptide receptor: tetrapeptides with high chemotactic potency and efficacy.	we recently isolated, from culture fluids of staphylococcus aureus, a chemotactic peptide that comprised equimolar quantities of methionine, leucine, phenylalanine, and isoleucine. it interacted with the formylmethionyl peptide receptor of human leukocytes and had considerably higher potency and efficacy than the widely studied tripeptide agonist fmet-leu-phe. on the assumption that the attractant was a formylmethionyl tetrapeptide, we synthesized the six possible sequences and tested the produc ...	1987	2825171
expression of c-src in cultured human neuroblastoma and small-cell lung carcinoma cell lines correlates with neurocrine differentiation.	human cell lines with neuronal and neuroendocrine features were examined for their expression of pp60c-src, the cellular homolog of the transforming gene product pp60v-src of rous sarcoma virus. four neuroblastoma (la-n-5, sh-sy5y, paju, and sk-n-mc) and three small-cell lung carcinoma (u-2020, u-1690, and u-1285) cell lines were selected on the basis of their stage of neurocrine differentiation, as determined by the expression of neuron-specific enolase. in an immune complex protein kinase assa ...	1987	2830484
cervical and vaginal microflora of women under cancer screening.	gynaecological cancer screening was supplemented with examination of the vaginal microflora and ph in women suffering from vaginal discharge and/or colpitis. in alkaline samples escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and candida albicans and, in cervical epithelial cells, herpes simplex virus antigen were of common occurrence, while in samples with acid reaction trichomonas and, in cervical cells mainly from pregnant women, adenovirus antigen were often detected. since vaginal ph may be informa ...	1987	2834906
evidence for the involvement of endotoxin in toxic shock syndrome.	the toxicity of toxic shock syndrome (tss) toxin-1 (tsst-1) was evaluated in female, specific pathogen-free rabbits and conventional rabbits. results after intravenous injections of tsst-1 given to both types of rabbits indicated that specific pathogen-free rabbits were resistant to the lethal effects observed in conventional rabbits. lethality could be prevented by simultaneous administration of polymyxin b, and analysis of serum before and after dosing confirmed that dosing with tsst-1 resulte ...	1987	2950183
stimulation of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by serum iga or secretory iga.		1987	2962470
possible transmission of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus by expressed human breast milk.		1987	2880910
inhibition of human b cell responsiveness by prostaglandin e2.	the capacity of prostaglandin e2 (pce2) to modulate human peripheral blood b cell proliferation and the generation of immunoglobulin-secreting cells (isc) stimulated by cowan 1 strain staphylococcus aureus and mitogen-stimulated t cell supernatant was examined. pge2 significantly inhibited both responses, whereas pgf2 alpha had no inhibitory effect. responses of highly purified b cells obtained from spleen, lymph node, and tonsil were also inhibited. in addition pge2 suppressed b cell responses ...	1987	3027169
immunoglobulin binding by the regular surface array of aeromonas salmonicida.	the cell surface of aeromonas salmonicida is covered by a regular surface array composed of a single species of protein, the a-protein (phipps, b. m., trust, t. j., ishiguro, e. e., and kay, w. w. (1983) biochemistry 22, 2934-2939). the array, known as the a-layer, is the key virulence factor for this organism. cells containing the a-layer specifically bound rabbit igg and human igm with high affinity (kd = 1.0 x 10(-6) m and 3.3 x 10(-6) m, respectively), but neither isogenic a-protein-deficien ...	1988	2967820
opsonin-dependent and independent surface phagocytosis of s. aureus proceeds independently of complement and complement receptors.	we examined the mechanism of surface phagocytosis of staphylococcus aureus by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmn). surface phagocytosis of unopsonized bacteria occurred, but was significantly enhanced by the presence of serum. the serum requirement was low, and a maximal effect occurred with serum concentrations of 0.25-0.5%. the opsonic effect of serum was not removed by heat inactivation of complement but was adsorbed, at low serum concentrations, by protein a, indicating that opsonin-dep ...	1988	2971611
the bactericidal effects of the respiratory burst and the myeloperoxidase system isolated in neutrophil cytoplasts.	neutrophil polymorphonuclear leucocytes kill bacteria by oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent mechanisms. many potentially toxic mechanisms have been described, but the complexity of the phagosomal environment and the synergy between oxidative and non-oxidative systems hamper the investigation of individual bactericidal mechanism in whole cells. neutrophil cytoplasts are greatly depleted of granule proteins and permit the investigation of the bactericidal effects of the respiratory burst in i ...	1988	2844290
sequence of the human erythrocyte phosphoglycerate mutase by microsequencer and mass spectrometry.	we have previously reported the isolation in pure form of the human erythrocyte phosphoglycerate mutase isozyme b. we now report the sequence of the whole protein and the identification of its n-terminal blocking group. the protein tryptic peptides of phosphoglycerate mutase isozyme b were isolated by high performance liquid chromatography and their sequence determined by microsequencing. the sequence and the nature of the blocking group of the n-terminal tryptic peptide was shown to be n-acetyl ...	1988	2846554
measurement of intracellular fluorescence of human monocytes relative to oxidative metabolism.	human monocytes (mn) produce o2- and h2o2 when stimulated by agonists. dichlorofluorescin diacetate (dcfh-da) has been used as a substrate for measuring intracellular oxidant production in neutrophils. dcfh-da is hydrolyzed by esterases to dichlorofluorescin (dcfh), which is trapped within the cell. this nonfluorescent molecule is then oxidized to fluorescent dichlorofluorescin (dcf) by action of cellular oxidants. dcfh-da can not be appreciably oxidized to a fluorescent state without prior hydr ...	1988	2832496
influence of ly146032 on human polymorphonuclear leucocytes in vitro.	ly 146032 is a new acidic lipopeptide antibiotic with high in-vitro activity against gram-positive bacteria. we have studied the influence of ly 146032 on the functions of polymorphonuclear leucocytes with two strains of staphylococcus aureus, one susceptible to oxacillin and one resistant. ly 146032 (10 mg/l) was found to have no influence on superoxide generation stimulated by phorbol myristate acetate, nor on phagocytosis of opsonized staph. aureus, furthermore there was no effect on chemotax ...	1988	2833489
differential mechanism for differentiation into immunoglobulin-secreting cells in human resting b lymphocyte subsets isolated on the basis of cell density.	we have investigated differential mechanism for differentiation of human peripheral blood resting b cells to ig-secreting cells. purified resting b cells were further fractionated into subsets by discontinuous density gradients of percoll, and proliferation and differentiation responses to staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac) and/or t cell-derived soluble factors were studied. high density resting b cells were stimulated to proliferate vigorously in response to sac, but were poorly differentiated ...	1988	2826542
expression and the functional role of a p70/75 interleukin 2-binding molecule in human b cell.	expression of p70/75 il-2-binding molecules and their functional roles in induction of ig secretion by il-2 were examined in human b cells. il-2, at high concentrations induced higher levels of ig secretion in staphylococcus aureus strain cowan i (sac)-activated b cells than at low concentrations. about 50% of sac-activated b cells, lacking tac antigen, were also responsive to ig secretion by il-2, although the required dose of il-2 was higher than that for tac-positive b cells. h-31 antibody wh ...	1988	2828472
phenotypic and functional abnormalities in monocytes from patients with haemophilia a treated with factor viii concentrates.	the phenotype and functions of monocytes in patients with haemophilia a and age-matched controls were studied. fourteen male haemophiliacs were classified in three categories according to the mean number of units of factor viii received during the last 5 years. eleven patients were positive for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus but none of our patients were homosexuals or drug abusers, nor do they fulfill the criteria of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. patients treated with high amo ...	1988	2829491
effects of adenylate cyclase toxin from bordetella pertussis on human neutrophil interactions with coccidioides immitis and staphylococcus aureus.	bordetella pertussis extract that contained adenylate cyclase toxin produced large increases in human neutrophil cyclic amp levels and inhibited their oxidative burst, as reflected by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence and superoxide release. the adenylate cyclase toxin-containing extract blocked neutrophil-mediated inhibition of n-acetylglucosamine incorporation by arthroconidia of coccidioides immitis in a dose-dependent fashion but had no effect on neutrophil phagocytosis of candida glabrata ...	1988	2894360
induction of suppressor cells to t- and b-cell proliferative responses and immunoglobulin production by monoclonal antibodies recognizing the cd3 t-cell differentiation antigen.	monoclonal antibodies (mab's) recognizing the cd3 t-cell differentiation antigen induced the generation of suppressor cells. these cells inhibited (1) proliferative responses of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) to pha and allogeneic cells in mixed leukocyte culture; (2) proliferative responses of purified e-rosette-negative cells to staphylococcus aureus cowans i; and (3) de novo immunoglobulin synthesis and secretion in the pokeweed mitogen (pwm)-induced differentiation system. m ...	1988	2901914
sustained anti-adherence activity of taurolidine (taurolin) and noxythiolin (noxyflex s) solutions.	taurolidine (2% w/v) and noxythiolin (1% w/v and 2.5% w/v) solutions inhibit the adherence in-vitro of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus to human epithelial and fibroblast cells. this effect, demonstrable after 30 min exposure of cells to test drugs, persists after removal of the active compound. significantly reduced adherence of bacteria is apparent for 5 h after taurolidine treatment and for 6 h after treatment with 2.5% noxythiolin. anti-adherence activity of taurolidine and noxythi ...	1988	2904994
lipid analysis of the glycoinositol phospholipid membrane anchor of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase. palmitoylation of inositol results in resistance to phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c.	the glycoinositol phospholipid membrane anchor of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (ec 3.1.1.7) contains a novel inositol phospholipid which in this and the accompanying paper (roberts, w.l., santikarn, s., reinhold, v.n., and rosenberry, t.l. (1988) j. biol. chem 263, 18776-18784) is shown to be a plasmanylinositol that is palmitoylated on the inositol ring. the inositol phospholipid was radiolabeled with the photoactivated reagent 3-(trifluoromethyl)-3-(m-[125i] iodophenyl)diazirine and ...	1988	2848806
gamma interferon enhances the killing of staphylococcus aureus by human neutrophils.	the effect of purified human interferon-gamma on the responsiveness of human neutrophils was investigated. pre-incubation of neutrophils with 100 u interferon ml-1 for 10 min at 37 degrees c resulted in a 2.5-fold increase in n-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-stimulated reactive oxygen metabolite generation (as assayed by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence). pre-treatment of neutrophils with interferon also potentiated their ability to kill staphylococcus aureus, and thus it is proposed th ...	1988	3141565
inhibition of the proliferative response of human b lymphocytes to b cell growth factor by transforming growth factor-beta.	the effects of transforming growth factor-beta (tgf-beta) on the proliferative response of human b cells to the low molecular weight b cell growth factor (bcgf) have been investigated in this study. it was found that tgf-beta, at picomolar concentrations, strongly inhibited the bcgf-induced proliferation of anti-mu chain or staphylococcus aureus cowan i-activated human b cells and also of a bcgf-dependent cell line derived from a human lymphocytic nodular lymphoma. this inhibitory effect was det ...	1988	3257917
enoxacin-induced modification of the susceptibility of bacteria to phagocytic killing.	the effect of enoxacin upon the interaction in vitro of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes with streptococcus pneumoniae and pseudomonas aeruginosa was examined. synergistic killing of these two species of bacteria was observed in the presence of neutrophils and concentrations of enoxacin above the mic. enoxacin was able to kill intracellular str. pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus. the activity of glucose-glucose oxidase, an oxygen-dependent bactericidal system which mimics part of the bacter ...	1988	3129391
functional roles of gamma interferon in proliferation and differentiation of human b cell subpopulations.	we have studied the function of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) on human b cell proliferation and differentiation. when b cell subpopulations were separated by percoll gradient centrifugation and stimulated by staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac), these subpopulations responded differently to lymphokines. small b cells (60/80% percell) were stimulated to proliferate by ifn-gamma alone. large b cells (50/60% percoll) did not respond to ifn-gamma but proliferated in response to b cell growth factor (b ...	1988	3134512
leukotriene c4 generation from human eosinophils stimulated with igg-aspergillus fumigatus antigen immune complexes.	sepharose beads coated with igg stimulate eosinophils to produce leukotriene c4 (ltc4). this observation has been extended with specific immobilized igg/antigen immune complexes to elicit mediator generation. an extract of aspergillus fumigatus was covalently coupled to sepharose beads and incubated with the igg fraction of immune serum from patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. these beads elicited generation of 7.72 +/- 1.7 pmol of ltc4 immunoreactive material (n = 5) from 1 x ...	1988	3139729
glucocorticosteroid-dependent synergy between interleukin 1 and interleukin 6 for human b lymphocyte differentiation.	in order to analyze the effects of interleukin (il) 6 on human in vitro ig production b lymphocytes were activated by staphylococcus aureus cowan strain i (sac) in the presence of low concentrations of il2 (1 u/ml) and dexamethasone (10(-7) m). previously we showed that this model of b cell response is completely monocyte dependent. we here demonstrate that, under these experimental conditions, il6 is able to replace monocytes and stimulate ig production provided il1 is also present. dose-effect ...	1988	3265388
estimation of human dose of staphylococcal enterotoxin a from a large outbreak of staphylococcal food poisoning involving chocolate milk.	an outbreak of gastroenteritis in a school district in the united states was determined to be staphylococcal food poisoning due to 2% chocolate milk containing staphylococcal enterotoxin a (sea). twelve one-half pint (approx 0.28 l) cartons of the 2% chocolate milk from this outbreak were analyzed for the quantity of sea present in the milk. the amount of sea in the cartons varied from 94 to 184 ng with the average being 144 ng (mean = 139 +/- 45). the attack rate for vomiting among those who co ...	1988	3275329
immunomodulation by indoleamines: serotonin and melatonin action on dna and interferon-gamma synthesis by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.	different concentrations of indoleamines, serotonin and melatonin, inhibited phytohemagglutinin stimulated dna synthesis. thus, 10(-3) to 10(-4) m of either indoleamine acted at the optimal phytohemagglutinin concentration, while 10(-3) to 10(-7) m acted at suboptimal phytohemagglutinin levels. the serotonin effect was reversed by the serotonergic s1-s2 receptor antagonist methysergide but not by the s2 antagonist ketanserin. this indicates that only the s1 receptor is involved in the inhibitory ...	1988	3146586
generation of biologically active interleukin-1 beta by proteolytic cleavage of the inactive precursor.	interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta) is derived from an inactive precursor by proteolytic cleavage. to study il-1 beta processing, we expressed the precursor in escherichia coli, partially purified it, and used it as a substrate for various potentially relevant protease preparations. the precursor alone was virtually inactive, but incubation with membranes from human monocytes or myeloid cell lines yielded a 500-fold increase in il-1 bioactivity. western blot analysis of the incubated material showed ...	1988	3288634
expression and secretion of interferon-alpha 1 by streptomyces lividans: use of staphylokinase signals and amplification of a neo gene.	a gene coding for mature human interferon, ifn-alpha 1, fused to the expression and secretion signals of a staphylokinase gene (sak) derived from staphylococcus aureus phage 42d, was inserted into the streptomyces promoter probe vector pij487. streptomyces lividans transformed with the recombinant plasmid (pmg341) secreted biologically active ifn-alpha 1 into the culture medium. expression of the ifn-alpha 1 gene was at least on the translational level directed by the sak signals since numerous ...	1988	2851494
virus enhances histamine release from human basophils.	histamine release from human basophil leukocytes was triggered by staph. aureus or by complement activation caused by endotoxins isolated from e. coli or salmonella bacteria. influenza a virus was found to enhance the mediator release and the effect was caused by synergism, since the virus itself did not release histamine. the potentiating effect of the virus was abolished by a potent neuraminidase inhibitor. furthermore, a purified neuraminidase preparation obtained from vibrio cholerae caused ...	1988	2455978
differential effects of interleukin 2 vs b cell growth factor on human b cells.	the effects of recombinant interleukin 2 (il-2) and high m.w. (hmw) b cell growth factor (bcgf) were examined on normal human peripheral blood b cells activated with staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac). when sac-activated b cells were separated into tac-antigen (tac-ag)+ and tac-ag- fractions by a cell sorter, recombinant il-2 induced only the tac-ag+ cells to proliferate, whereas both tac-ag+ and tac-ag- cells responded to hmw-bcgf (m.w. 60,000). alternatively, sac-activated b cells were separa ...	1988	2447179
incorporation of bacterial lipopolysaccharide by human leu-11a+ natural killer cells. ultrastructural and functional correlations.	lipopolysaccharides (lps) of gram-negative bacteria are known to augment the ability of macrophages and natural killer (nk) cells to lyse susceptible target cells. in the present studies, we sought correlations between the ultrastructural changes and function of leu-11a+ cells from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells which occurred as a result of their incorporation of lps. we also studied the effect of lps on the nk activity of purified leu-11a+ cells. lps samples from e. coli and pseudomona ...	1988	2448547
quantitative analysis of 6-keto-prostaglandin f1 alpha using immunoaffinity purification and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.	this paper describes an immunoaffinity purification technique for 6-keto-prostaglandin f1 alpha (6kpgf1 alpha) prior to quantitative analysis by high-resolution gas chromatography-negative-ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry (hrgc-nicims). polyclonal antibodies to 6kpgf1 alpha were partially purified using staphylococcus aureus protein a immobilized on sepharose cl-4b. this partially purified fraction was covalently bound to silica gel using n-hydroxysuccinimidyl-functionalized silica. col ...	1988	2452173
histamine release from human adenoidal and mesenteric mast cells induced by bacterial antigens.	the histamine-releasing capability of staphylococcus aureus antigens was examined in human adenoidal and mesenteric mast cells obtained by enzymic dispersion of tissues from non-allergic patients. both populations of mast cells released histamine after challenge with bacterial protein in concentrations between 5-500 micrograms/ml. the release was dependent on the dose, temperature and metabolic energy. the maximum release was observed at 15 min after challenge. the present results suggest that s ...	1988	2455998