| hhv-8 encoded virf-1 represses the interferon antiviral response by blocking irf-3 recruitment of the cbp/p300 coactivators. | human herpes virus 8 (hhv-8) has developed unique mechanisms for altering cellular proliferative and apoptotic control pathways by incorporating viral homologs to several cellular regulatory genes into its genome. one of the important pirated genes encoded by the orf k9 reading frame is a viral homolog of the interferon regulatory factors (irf), a family of cellular transcription proteins that regulates expression of genes involved in pathogen response, immune modulation and cell proliferation. ... | 2001 | 11314014 |
| a review of topical and intralesional cidofovir. | cidofovir is a potent nucleoside analog antiviral drug approved for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (cmv) retinitis in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). it is currently available only for intravenous infusion. several small studies and case reports describe the successful use of cidofovir applied either topically or by intralesional injection in several virally induced cutaneous diseases. available information demonstrates that cidofovir is a potent antiviral agent w ... | 2000 | 11328613 |
| signaling by human herpesvirus 8 kaposin a through direct membrane recruitment of cytohesin-1. | the induction of a transformed cellular phenotype by viruses requires the modulation of signaling pathways through viral proteins. we show here that the phenotypic changes induced by the kaposin a protein of human herpesvirus 8 are mediated through its direct interaction with cytohesin-1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for arf gtpases and regulator of integrin-mediated cell adhesion. focus formation, stress fiber dissolution, and activation of the erk-1/2 map kinase signal cascade were rev ... | 2001 | 11336706 |
| hhv-8 elisa based on a one-step affinity capture of biotinylated k8.1 antigen. | the immunogenic envelope antigen gp35-37 of human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) is encoded by orfk8.1. an elisa is described using streptavidin capture of bacterially expressed and biotinylated recombinant k8.1 antigen. the antigen capture strategy provides a simple and reliable method, which does not require high yield production and purification of the recombinant antigen before the serological assay. the specificity and sensitivity of the k8.1 elisa were validated by gp35-37 envelope antigen western ... | 2001 | 11337051 |
| primary effusion lymphoma in an hiv-negative patient with no serologic evidence of kaposi's sarcoma virus. | primary effusion lymphoma (pel) is a newly described high-grade b cell lymphoma which develops in association with kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (ksv) in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected individuals. we hereby describe a very unusual presentation of pel that developed in the abdominal cavity of an hiv negative, ksv negative patient with a 1-year history of refractory ascites due to alcohol-related liver cirrhosis. possible factors aiding lymphomagenesis in the cirrhotic stat ... | 2001 | 11342372 |
| hypoxia induces lytic replication of kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. | there is substantial evidence that kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of all forms of kaposi sarcoma (ks). it has been noted that ks commonly occurs in locations, such as the feet, where tissue may be poorly oxygenated. on the basis of this observation, the potential role of hypoxia in the reactivation of kshv replication was explored by studying 2 kshv-infected primary effusion lymphoma b-cell lines (bc-3 and bcbl-1) latently infected with k ... | 2001 | 11342455 |
| aids-related cancers in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. | highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) has shown great efficacy in reducing human immunodeficiency virus levels, increasing immunity, and prolonging the survival of persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). the risk of life-threatening infections has been greatly reduced. however, the impact of haart on the incidence of malignancy has been less clear. published studies generally show that the risk of developing kaposi's sarcoma declined by about two-thirds between 1994 and 19 ... | 2001 | 11346932 |
| hhv8-negative primary effusion lymphoma of the peritoneal cavity presenting with a distinct immunohistochemical phenotype. | primary effusion lymphoma (pel) has been recognized as a body-cavity-based lymphoma that was originally reported to be associated with human herpes virus 8 (hhv8) infection, and was frequently found in human immunodeficiency virus-positive (hiv) patients. here we describe an autopsy case of pel of the peritoneal cavity in an immunocompetent patient. cytological analysis of tumor cells within ascites revealed immunocytochemical features of keratin positivity and cd45 negativity. at autopsy, the p ... | 2001 | 11350613 |
| longitudinal sero-reactivity to human herpesvirus 8 (kshv) in the swiss hiv cohort 4.7 years before ks. | the relationship between viral infection with kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) and the onset of kaposi sarcoma (ks) in aids patients is incompletely understood. this study investigates the use of three serological assays to predict the development of ks in hiv-positive patients. serially collected serum samples from 36 patients with ks and matched controls in the swiss hiv cohort study (shcs) were analyzed in a case control study. three serologic assays to detect antibodies against k ... | 2001 | 11360248 |
| anal neoplasia in persons with hiv infection. | aside from the neoplasms that are clearly related to immunodeficiency, such as non-hodgkin's lymphoma and kaposi's sarcoma, numerous observations have also shown an association between hiv infection and the incidence of cervical and anal neoplasms. human papillomavirus (hpv) is the etiologic factor in anogenital neoplasms, although the mechanisms of the association are not clearly understood. it is believed that several hpv genes are critical in the malignant cell transformation process. an etio ... | 1996 | 11363714 |
| new approaches to hiv treatment: interview with robert gallo. m.d. interview by john s. james. | dr. robert c. gallo, director of the institute of human virology, discusses the institute's mission, funding, hiv treatment research investigations, and his own personal projects. dr. gallo explains the working mechanics of the macrophage-derived chemokine, a chemokine known to effectively block hiv; reasons why the national institute of health (nih) grants need to be hypothesis-driven; what has been learned about human chorionic gonadotropin's potential as a treatment for kaposi's sarcoma; and ... | 1997 | 11364917 |
| the trouble with tumors. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a type of cancer thought to be caused by the human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8). ks causes cancerous lesions on or beneath the skin. the disease may overpower the immune system and, in some cases, cause death. studies show that the transmission of hhv-8 is linked to sexual contact, either genital or oral, and that people cannot contract ks without first having hhv-8. the recent decrease in the number of ks cases has been attributed to the use of highly active antiretroviral the ... | 1999 | 11367167 |
| induction of human immunodeficiency virus 1 replication by human herpesvirus 8. | human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1)-infected individuals are commonly infected with herpesviruses, including cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8, also known as kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus [kshv]). previous studies have demonstrated that coinfection with herpesviruses can modulate hiv-1 replication. this can occur either through direct interaction between the 2 viruses or through secondary effects resulting from the release of ... | 2001 | 11371231 |
| kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 and multiple myeloma in south africa. | kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 (kshv/hhv-8) has been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of multiple myeloma. although the association is biologically plausible and attractive, conflicting data have been reported, including evidence against the involvement of kshv in the pathogenesis of the disease. the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between kshv and myeloma in blacks in south africa, in whom the disease is not uncommon and the seroprevalence of ... | 2001 | 11385317 |
| aids-related body cavity-based lymphoma. a case report. | body cavity-based lymphomas are rare malignancies in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients, but because of their unusual clinical, morphologic and immunophenotypic features, they are recognized as a distinct subgroup of lymphomas connected to human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) infection. | 2001 | 11393078 |
| suppression of oncogenic viral interferon regulatory factor (virf) of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus by ribozyme-mediated cleavage. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 (kshv/hhv8) has been etiologically associated with several malignancies including kaposi's sarcoma and primary effusion lymphoma. oncogenic viral interferon regulatory factor (virf) encoded by kshv orf-k9 is a homologue of cellular interferon regulatory factor (irf), and has been demonstrated to inhibit type i/ii interferon signal transduction and transform nih3t3 cells through the interactions with irf-1, irf-3, and cbp/p300 proteins. ... | 2001 | 11393281 |
| an atypical aggressive kaposi's sarcoma in a hiv-negative bisexual man. | we describe a case of kaposi's sarcoma in a previously healthy 35-year-old bisexual west indian man of african descent who was seronegative for the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and human t-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (htlv-1) and who presented with extensive mucocutaneous lesions, weight loss, visceral and generalized lymph node involvement, poor response to combination therapy with vinblastine and interferon alfa-2a, and a short survival of eight months from the onset of illness. this is th ... | 2001 | 11398296 |
| utility of hhv8 rna detection for differentiating kaposi's sarcoma from its mimics. | the diagnostic distinction of atypical vascular lesion or angiomatoid/hemosiderotic dermatofibroma and kaposi's sarcoma can be difficult, especially in aids patients. given the strong association between human herpes virus 8 (hhv8) and kaposi's sarcoma, this study attempts to determine if hhv8 rna detection by reverse transcription (rt) in situ polymerase chain reaction (pcr) could help in differentiating these entities. | 2001 | 11401668 |
| exogenous fibroblast growth factor-2 induces a transformed phenotype in vascular kaposi's sarcoma-like cells. | vascular ttb cells derive from murine kaposi's sarcoma-like dermal lesions and share several phenotypic features with aids-associated ks spindle cells. we have recently reported that fibroblast growth factor-2 (fgf-2) promotes dramatic cytoskeletal and morphological alterations in ttb cells, concomitant with the induction of an autocrine loop for hepatocyte growth factor and a relocalization of the urokinase receptor. since all these alterations are hallmarks of cell transformation. we attempted ... | 2000 | 11409912 |
| prevalence and distribution of hhv-8 in different subpopulations, with and without hiv infection, in spain. | to estimate the seroprevalence of hhv-8 in several spanish subpopulations with different risk levels of acquiring hiv-1 infection and from different geographical regions. | 2001 | 11416719 |
| bone marrow involvement in lymphomas with hemophagocytic syndrome at presentation: a clinicopathologic study of 11 patients in a western institution. | hemophagocytic syndrome (hps) is a clinicopathologic syndrome that can reveal a non-hodgkin's lymphoma. the pathologic features of lymphoma associated with hps remain ill defined. we studied 11 lymphomas associated with hps on initial bone marrow biopsies, consecutively diagnosed during a 6-year period in a western institution. there were seven diffuse large b-cell lymphomas (dlbcls), three t-cell lymphomas (one peripheral t-cell lymphoma unspecified, two hepatosplenic gammadelta t-cell lymphoma ... | 2001 | 11420457 |
| treatment of hiv-associated multicentric castleman's disease with oral etoposide. | multicentric castleman's disease (mcd) is a lymphoproliferative disorder that can be defined based upon both clinical and pathological characteristics. the clinical features of this frequently fatal disease include fever, generalized lymphadenopathy, fatigue, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and pancytopenia. recently, severe forms of this disease have been diagnosed in hiv positive patients. human herpesvirus type 8 (hhv-8) dna sequences have been detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc ... | 2001 | 11421297 |
| epidemiology of aids-related tumours in developed and developing countries. | aids-associated illnesses include kaposi's sarcoma (ks), non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl), and, since 1993, invasive cervical cancer (icc). between 1988 and 1998, among aids cases reported in western europe, 9.6% had ks and 3.9% had nhl as aids-defining illnesses. between 1988 and 1998, the frequency of ks decreased from 13.4 to 6.4%, while nhl increased from 3.8 to 5.3%. estimates of the relative risk (rr) of neoplasms in hiv-seropositive populations came from population-based cancer and aids regis ... | 2001 | 11423251 |
| kshv/hhv8-associated lymphoproliferations in the aids setting. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) or human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8) is associated with two lymphoproliferative disorders in the aids setting, primary effusion lymphoma (pel) and the plasma cell variant of multicentric castleman's disease (mcd). in pel, kshv persists in a latent form in most lymphoma cells, although viral production has been seen infrequently. in mcd, the viral gene expression pattern is less restrictive, virus production appears to occur and to correlate with the severi ... | 2001 | 11423254 |
| biology of kaposi's sarcoma. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is an angioproliferative disease occurring in several different clinical-epidemiological forms that, however, share the same histological traits and are all associated with infection by the human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8). ks initiates in a context of immune dysregulation characterised by cd8+ t cell activation and the production of th1-type cytokines that induce a generalised activation of endothelial cells leading to adhesion and tissue extravasation of lympho-monocytes, spind ... | 2001 | 11423257 |
| novel properties of the cyclin encoded by human herpesvirus 8 that facilitate exit from quiescence. | viral dna replication is generally dependent upon circumventing host cell cycle control to force s phase entry in an otherwise quiescent cell. here we describe novel attributes of the cyclin encoded by human herpesvirus 8 (k cyclin) that enable it to subvert the quiescent state. k cyclin is most similar to the mammalian d-type cyclins in primary sequence but displays properties more akin to those of cyclin e. k cyclin (like cyclin e) can autonomously couple with its cognate cdk subunit and local ... | 2001 | 11423981 |
| kissing and kaposi's sarcoma. | | 2001 | 11427980 |
| comparative pathobiology of hiv- and siv-associated lymphoma. | | 2001 | 11429114 |
| transcription pattern of human herpesvirus 8 open reading frame k3 in primary effusion lymphoma and kaposi's sarcoma. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) is found in immunoblastic b cells of patients with multicentric castleman's disease (mcd) and, predominantly in a latent form, in primary effusion lymphoma (pel) cells and kaposi's sarcoma (ks) spindle cells. recent studies have shown that upon reactivation, hhv-8 expresses factors that downregulate major histocompatibility class i proteins and coactivation molecules and that may enable productively infected cells to escape cytotoxic t lymphocytes and natural killer c ... | 2001 | 11435597 |
| negative human herpesvirus 8 serology in sarcoidosis. | | 2001 | 11437314 |
| etiologic factors in soft tissue sarcomas. | soft tissue sarcomas account for about 1% of all malignancies. the increase in incidence of soft tissue sarcomas during the recent decades may predominantly be attributed to aids-related kaposi's sarcoma; when this tumor is excluded, conclusive evidence for an age-adjusted increase is lacking. beside the well investigated role of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1) and the human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) in the tumorigenesis of aids-related kaposi's sarcoma and several inherited disorders, co ... | 2001 | 11441293 |
| ebv and malignant lymphoma with special emphasis on pyothorax-associated lymphoma. | | 2001 | 11443856 |
| increased detection of herpesvirus dna in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. | | 2001 | 11451937 |
| susceptibility of mouse mammary glands to murine gammaherpesvirus 72 (mhv-72) infection: evidence of mhv-72 transmission via breast milk. | murine gammaherpesvirus 72 (mhv-72) is a virus of wild rodents and serves as a convenient small animal model to understand the pathogenesis of epstein-barr virus (ebv) and human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8) infection. in laboratory mice mhv-72 causes an acute infection of lung epithelial cells and establishes the latency in b lymphocytes. in this study, we investigated athymic nude and immunocompetent mice for distribution of virus in organs after infection with mhv-72. ten days following subcutaneous d ... | 2001 | 11453700 |
| no association between human herpesvirus 8 and arsenical skin cancers. | | 2001 | 11454097 |
| hiv type 1 tat protein is a survival factor for kaposi's sarcoma and endothelial cells. | the hiv-1 tat protein has been directly implicated in the pathogenesis of aids-related kaposi's sarcoma (ks); however, its effects on ks spindle-shaped and endothelial cell apoptosis are largely unexplored. since susceptibility to apoptosis is relevant for tumor development and response to therapy, we investigated the effects of tat on ks and endothelial cell survival from apoptosis. the effect of tat was evaluated in three ks cell lines (ks-imm, ks-c1, and ks-l3) exposed to the chemotherapy age ... | 2001 | 11461682 |
| is volcanic soil a cofactor for classic kaposi's sarcoma? | | 2000 | 11484811 |
| high incidence of classic kaposi's sarcoma in mantua, po valley, northern italy (1989-1998). | the incidence of classic kaposi's sarcoma was estimated in the province of mantua, po valley, northern italy, yielding age-standardized rates of 2.5/100 000 men and 0.7/100 000 women (1989-98). elevated rates in the rural zone of viadana/sabbioneta (5.0/100 000 men and 2.8/100 000 women) are among the highest so far reported for italian communities. | 2001 | 11487269 |
| classic kaposi's sarcoma associated with human herpesvirus 8 infection in a 13-year-old male: a case report. | classic kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is rare in children. although its etiology is not fully understood, human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) is present in the angiogenic lesions. we report an hiv-negative, 13-year-old patient of sicilian descent with hhv-8-associated classic ks to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of this entity in children. | 2001 | 11489800 |
| emerging viruses and transfusion. | the development of new technologies leads to the discovery of new viruses. for each of these new infectious agents, their possible relevance to blood transfusion needs to be assessed. the questions to be answered are transmissibility by transfusion, pathogenicity, prevalence in blood donors, persistence, and the availability of screening assays. since 1995, three new viruses have been identified and extensively studied. | 2001 | 11499963 |
| expression of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus g protein-coupled receptor monocistronic and bicistronic transcripts in primary effusion lymphomas. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv/hhv-8) encodes a g protein-coupled receptor (vgpcr) in open reading frame (orf) 74, which is homologous to human chemokine receptors. kshv vgpcr is constitutively active and induces vegf-mediated angiogenesis. previous studies have shown that orf 74 is transcribed as part of a bicistronic message containing orf k14 upstream of orf 74, with an early lytic pattern of expression. we have now extended these studies by analyzing three different kshv-posit ... | 2001 | 11504542 |
| activation of nf-kappab by the human herpesvirus 8 chemokine receptor orf74: evidence for a paracrine model of kaposi's sarcoma pathogenesis. | infection with human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8), also known as kaposi's sarcoma (ks)-associated herpesvirus, is necessary for the development of ks. the hhv-8 lytic-phase gene orf74 is related to g protein-coupled receptors, particularly interleukin-8 (il-8) receptors. orf74 activates the inositol phosphate/phospholipase c pathway and the downstream mitogen-activated protein kinases, jnk/sapk and p38. we show here that orf74 also activates nf-kappab independent of ligand when expressed in ks-derived ... | 2001 | 11507211 |
| latency-associated nuclear antigen encoded by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus interacts with tat and activates the long terminal repeat of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in human cells. | the latency-associated nuclear antigen (lana) is constitutively expressed in cells infected with the kaposi's sarcoma (ks) herpesvirus (kshv), also referred to as human herpesvirus 8. kshv is tightly associated with body cavity-based lymphomas (bcbls) in immunocompromised patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). lana, encoded by open reading frame 73 of kshv, is one of a small subset of proteins expressed during latent infection and was shown to be important in tethering the vi ... | 2001 | 11507221 |
| herpesvirus type 1-8 in bal fluid from hiv-1-infected patients with suspected pneumonia and from healthy individuals. | pneumonia is still a major problem in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients, and despite extensive investigation the aetiology remains unknown in many cases. the prevalence of the eight human herpesviruses was determined by polymerase chain reaction in 91 samples of bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid from 72 hiv-infected patients with 91 episodes of suspected pneumonia. the presence of herpesviruses was related to clinical and immunological findings and the prevalence of herpesvir ... | 2001 | 11510785 |
| safety of italian plasma for fractionation with respect to contamination with human herpes virus 8. | | 2001 | 11520418 |
| low incidence of human herpesvirus 8 in bone marrow samples from brazilian patients with multiple myeloma. | | 2001 | 11528101 |
| a novel gamma 2-herpesvirus of the rhadinovirus 2 lineage in chimpanzees. | old world monkeys and, recently, african great apes have been shown, by serology and polymerase chain reaction (pcr), to harbor different gamma2-herpesviruses closely related to kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv). although the presence of two distinct lineages of kshv-like rhadinoviruses, rv1 and rv2, has been revealed in old world primates (including african green monkeys, macaques, and, recently, mandrills), viruses belonging to the rv2 genogroup have not yet been identified from g ... | 2001 | 11544194 |
| seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 in okinawa, japan. | | 2001 | 11544407 |
| seroprevalence of human herpes virus 8 antibody in populations at high or low risk of transfusion, graft, or sexual transmission of viruses. | the routes of transmission of human herpes virus 8 (hhv-8) remain unclear. in particular, hhv-8 transmission by blood components and organ transplantation is still debated and raises public health issues. the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-hhv-8 in selected populations of persons or patients with or without risk factors for the transmission of viral infections, in order to determine the routes of hhv-8 transmission. | 2001 | 11552068 |
| seroprevalence of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection among blood donors from texas. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), a gammaherpesvirus recently discovered among aids patients with kaposi's sarcoma, is a potential candidate for screening in blood and plasma donors. while a number of studies have assessed kshv infection among u.s. blood donors, larger-scale population-based studies would be necessary to develop more refined estimates of the magnitude and variation of kshv infection across different geographic regions of the u.s. blood supply. the goal of the prese ... | 2001 | 11557184 |
| treatment of kaposi sarcoma with oral administration of shark cartilage in a human herpesvirus 8-seropositive, human immunodeficiency virus-seronegative homosexual man. | | 2001 | 11559209 |
| [human herpes virus and malignancies]. | two type of human herpes viruses, type 4(epstein barr virus, ebv) and type 8(hhv8) are known to cause malignancies. among those, ebv is the very most popular human oncovirus. it can cause malignant lymphomas of various subtypes including burkitt's lymphoma, opportunistic lymphomas, pyothorax-associated lymphoma, nasal t/nk cell lymphoma, hodgkin's disease and a part of diffuse large cell lymphomas. hhv8 is a new member of human oncovirus associating with primary effusion lymphoma, a part of soli ... | 2001 | 11573285 |
| quantitative, fluorogenic probe pcr assay for detection of human herpesvirus 8 dna in clinical specimens. | a quantitative, fluorescence-based pcr assay (taqman-based system) was developed for detection of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) dna in clinical specimens. primers and probes chosen from each of five 10-kb segments from the unique region of the hhv-8 genome were evaluated for sensitivity with dilution series of dna extracted from a cell line (bcbl-1) that harbors hhv-8 dna. although several of the primer-probe sets performed similarly with bcbl-1 dna that had been diluted in water, their performanc ... | 2001 | 11574569 |
| murine gammaherpesvirus-68-induced interleukin-10 increases viral burden, but limits virus-induced splenomegaly and leukocytosis. | based on its genomic sequence and its pathogenesis, murine gammaherpesvirus-68 (gammahv-68) has been established as a tractable model for the study of viral infections caused by the human gammaherpesviruses, epstein-barr virus or human herpesvirus-8. despite significant advances, the mechanisms responsible for gammahv-68-induced alterations in the protective host response, and the accompanying virus-induced leukocytosis, are not clear. in the present study, we questioned whether viral infection ... | 2001 | 11576228 |
| simultaneous occurrence of epstein-barr virus associated hodgkin's disease and hhv-8 related multicentric castleman's disease: a fortuitous event? | previous serological or molecular studies by means of the polymerase chain reaction have failed to show an association between classic hodgkin's disease (hd) and human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8). using immunohistochemistry, this study re-examines (with anti-lna1 antibody) the possible association of hhv-8 with hd, particularly in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected patients. hhv-8 was not detected in the reed sternberg cells of the cases examined (33 hiv negative and 17 hiv positive), thus co ... | 2001 | 11577129 |
| kshv-k5 inhibits phosphorylation of the major histocompatibility complex class i cytoplasmic tail. | the carboxy-terminal region of major histocompatibility complex class i (mhc i) molecules is required for the rapid internalization mediated by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) proteins k3 and k5. the cytoplasmic tail of mhc i contains highly conserved serine phosphorylation sites that have been implicated in intracellular trafficking. indeed, in vivo labeling experiments reveal a lack of mhc i phosphorylation in k5-transfected hela cells. phosphorylation of the mhc i tail was rest ... | 2001 | 11601908 |
| human herpesvirus-8 seroconversions after renal transplantation. | human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) is a new human herpesvirus that is clearly associated with kaposi's sarcoma (ks). a previous study has reported that the prevalence of ks in a cohort of renal transplant recipients with previous hhv-8 infection was 28% and two other studies have shown that ks can be linked to hhv-8 seroconversion after graft. the aim of this study was to evaluate the hhv-8 seroconversion rate in a cohort of renal allograft recipients in paris. | 2001 | 11602862 |
| [pathogenic and epidemiologic power of human herpesvirus 8 infections]. | | 2001 | 11675293 |
| [human herpesvirus 8 and transfusion safety]. | | 2001 | 11675294 |
| [preliminary study of human herpesvirus type 8 infection in pregnant women in dakar (senegal)]. | hhv8 was discovered in 1994 and few studies on this virus have been conducted in africa. the virus is related to kaposi sarcoma, an opportunistic affection occurring during hiv infection. no studies have been carried out on this subject in senegal, a country known for its low ks prevalence even among people living with hiv/aids. thus it will be interesting to explore this field. the aim of our study has been first, to demonstrate the presence of hhv8; second, to evaluate sero-prevalence of the i ... | 2001 | 11681216 |
| human herpes virus-8 is not associated with primary central nervous system lymphoma in hiv-negative patients. | primary central nervous system lymphomas (pcnsl) are derived from germinal center b cells. recent molecular studies indicate that the tumor cells or their precursors have experienced antigenic stimulation. attractive candidates for such antigens are pathogens with the capacity to reside in the brain. the aim of the present study was to evaluate whether human herpes virus (hhv)-8 is involved in the pathogenesis of pcnsl. a series of 46 pcnsl, 31 from hiv-negative and 15 from hiv-positive patients ... | 2001 | 11699563 |
| molecular anatomy of ccr5 engagement by physiologic and viral chemokines and hiv-1 envelope glycoproteins: differences in primary structural requirements for rantes, mip-1 alpha, and vmip-ii binding. | molecular analysis of ccr5, the cardinal coreceptor for hiv-1 infection, has implicated the n-terminal extracellular domain (n-ter) and regions vicinal to the second extracellular loop (ecl2) in this activity. it was shown that residues in the n-ter are necessary for binding of the physiologic ligands, rantes (ccl5) and mip-1 alpha (ccl3). vmip-ii, encoded by the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, is a high affinity ccr5 antagonist, but lacks efficacy as a coreceptor inhibitor. therefore, ... | 2001 | 11700073 |
| serological and immunohistochemical detection of human herpesvirus 8 in kaposi's sarcoma after immunosuppressive therapy for bullous pemphigoid. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) developed in an 87-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-negative woman from hokkaido island 4 months after oral administration of prednisolone for the treatment of bullous pemphigoid (bp), and rapidly disseminated to almost the entire body within 2 months. the open reading frame (orf) 59 and orf73 proteins encoded by human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) were detected immunohistochemically in the nuclei of the tumour cells of ks. the protein coded by orf73, latent protein, was detec ... | 2001 | 11703292 |
| induction of a trail-mediated suicide program by interferon alpha in primary effusion lymphoma. | gammaherpes viruses are often detected in lymphomas arising in immunocompromised patients. we have found that azidothymidine (azt) alone induces apoptosis in epstein barr virus (ebv) positive burkitt's lymphoma (bl) cells but requires interferon alpha (ifn-alpha) to induce apoptosis in human herpes virus type 8 (hhv-8) positive primary effusion lymphomas (pel). our analysis of a series of aids lymphomas revealed that ifn-alpha selectively induced very high levels of the death receptor (dr) tumor ... | 2001 | 11704827 |
| phase iii vehicle-controlled, multi-centered study of topical alitretinoin gel 0.1% in cutaneous aids-related kaposi's sarcoma. | this randomized, double-blind and vehicle-controlled phase iii study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of alitretinoin gel 0.1% for the topical treatment of the cutaneous lesions of aids-related kaposi's sarcoma (ks). | 2001 | 11705307 |
| identification of a cellular protein that interacts and synergizes with the rta (orf50) protein of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in transcriptional activation. | lytic reactivation of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), or human herpesvirus 8, from latency requires transcriptional transactivation by the viral protein rta encoded by the orf50 gene. very little is known about how rta functions and the cellular factors that may be involved in its transactivation function. using the yeast two-hybrid system, we have identified a human cellular protein that can interact with kshv rta. the cellular protein, referred to as the human hypothetical prot ... | 2001 | 11711586 |
| long-term remission of kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-related multicentric castleman disease with anti-cd20 monoclonal antibody therapy. | kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv)-related multicentric castleman disease (mcd) is potentially lethal. growing evidence indicates that, as in epstein-barr virus-driven lymphoproliferative disorders after transplantation, kshv dna burden in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) may represent the most accurate marker of disease activity. this report describes a patient with human immunodeficiency virus who was followed up clinically and by quantitative polymerase chain reaction for ... | 2001 | 11719390 |
| cancers associated with kaposi's sarcoma (ks) in aids: a link between ks herpesvirus and immunoblastic lymphoma. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks), common among persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), is caused by ks herpesvirus (kshv) but whether kshv causes other malignancies is uncertain. using linked united states aids and cancer registries, we measured the incidence of specific malignancies in persons with aids (4-27 months after aids onset). we identified associations with kshv by calculating a relative risk: cancer incidence in persons with ks (all were kshv-infected) divided by incidence in per ... | 2001 | 11720464 |
| human herpes virus 8-negative primary effusion lymphoma in a patient with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt tube. | a 60-year-old woman was referred to our hospital in 1996 due to an abdominal distension in the right lower quadrant. she had undergone a partial resection of a cholesteatoma at the right temporal lobe of the cerebrum 30 years previously, and a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (vps) tube had been placed with drainage into the right lower peritoneal cavity. the patient developed paralytic ileus in december 1966, and ultrasound and computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a cystic mass in the right lo ... | 2001 | 11721971 |
| human immunodeficiency virus and malignancy: thoughts on viral oncogenesis. | | 2001 | 11735872 |
| current issues in the biology of aids-related lymphoma. | three important issues have been the focus of much recent attention in the biology of aids-related lymphomas. the altered epidemiology in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, the role of herpesviruses including human herpesvirus 8 and the molecular genetics of hiv-associated t-cell lymphomas. these topics are covered in this article and their potential application to the clinical management of aids-related lymphomas are discussed. | 2001 | 11737393 |
| cak-independent activation of cdk6 by a viral cyclin. | in normal cells, activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks) requires binding to a cyclin and phosphorylation by the cdk-activating kinase (cak). the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus encodes a protein with similarity to d-type cyclins. this kshv-cyclin activates cdk6, alters its substrate specificity, and renders cdk6 insensitive to inhibition by the cdk inhibitor p16(ink4a). here we investigate the regulation of the cdk6/kshv-cyclin kinase with the use of purified proteins and a cell-b ... | 2001 | 11739795 |
| cancer incidence in women with or at risk for hiv. | the purpose of our study was to identify the types and rates of cancers seen in high-risk human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected and hiv-uninfected women. from 1993 to 1995, 1,310 women enrolled at four urban u.s. research sites in the hiv epidemiology research study and were interviewed biannually to identify interval diagnoses and hospitalizations until study closure in march 2000. cancer incidence data were collected through abstraction of medical records and death certificates. of 871 h ... | 2001 | 11745473 |
| human herpesvirus-8 and other viral infections, papua new guinea. | we studied residents of remote villages and the capital (port moresby) of papua new guinea to determine the distribution of human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) infection. our data suggest that hhv-8 has been endemic on the island for a long time and that the epidemiologic pattern of hhv-8 is more similar to that of herpes simplex virus-2 than hepatitis c virus. | 2001 | 11747707 |
| [hhv-8 infection. update on pathogenesis and epidemiology]. | hhv-8 (human herpesvirus 8) is a human lymphotropic and transforming virus closely associated to the development of kaposis's sarcoma, castleman's disease and primary effusion lymphoma among immunosuppressed patients. prevalence of infection varies according to different geographic area and to ethnic group or to risk factors. no effective treatments are available at present. | 2001 | 11765652 |
| cidofovir for ks lesions. | | 2001 | 11768871 |
| hhv-8 infection: a model for reactivation and transmission. | the rapid pace of knowledge about hhv-8 since its discovery has been one of the most exciting aspects of medical virology in the last decade. as outlined in this review, the discovery by drs chang and moore of this virus has opened up a broad field of biology with interesting contrasts between current epidemiological data for kaposi's sarcoma and the cell biology of this gamma herpesvirus. in particular, we summarise the paucity of virological data supporting genital sites of replication and emp ... | 2002 | 11787083 |
| human herpesvirus 8 and sarcoidosis. | | 2002 | 11797191 |
| two cases of kaposi's sarcoma mimicking stewart-treves syndrome found to be human herpesvirus-8 positive. | although angiosarcoma is the most frequent tumor arising in the clinical setting of chronic lymphedema, as in stewart-treves syndrome, kaposi's sarcoma has also been reported in this setting, although rarely. we describe two women who developed kaposi's sarcoma in the lymphedematous arm many years after surgery for breast cancer. case 1 is a 92-year-old and case 2 is an 81-year-old; they underwent left total mastectomy and axillary node dissection for infiltrating breast carcinoma in 1981 and 19 ... | 2001 | 11801776 |
| molecular biology of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. | over the past twenty odd years, kaposi's sarcoma has launched from being a rare pathological curiosity to a significant public health concern. this massive increase in incidence, concurrent with the aids epidemic, has sparked a tremendous amount of interest in uncovering the etiopathogenesis of this disease. due to its striking association with hiv infection, researchers have focused on identifying a possible infectious agent as the cause of this disease. such an agent, termed kaposi's sarcoma-a ... | 2002 | 11815281 |
| transcriptional regulation of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-encoded oncogene viral interferon regulatory factor by a novel transcriptional silencer, tis. | viral interferon regulatory factor (virf) encoded by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) has been shown to transform nih3t3 and rat-1 cells, inhibit interferon signal transduction, and regulate the expression of kshv genes. we had previously characterized the virf core promoter and defined a 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa)-responsive region in the upstream regulatory sequence of virf gene. here, we have further identified a novel transcriptional silencer, named tis in this ... | 2002 | 11821384 |
| a kaposi-like variant of splenic angiosarcoma lacking association with human herpesvirus 8. | we report the case of a kaposi-like variant of splenic angiosarcoma in a 28-year-old woman. the tumor featured a kaposi sarcoma-like spindle cell proliferation with slit formation and markedly dilated spongelike vascular channels filled with erythrocytes. thirteen months following the initial splenectomy, metastatic lesions were found in the patient's liver and bone marrow. the proliferating cells were positive for factor viii-associated antigen and cd34. the human herpesvirus 8 genome, which is ... | 2002 | 11825116 |
| detection of hhv-8 in reactive lymphoid tissue of patients from são paulo state, brazil. | | 2002 | 11825934 |
| highly sensitive assay for human herpesvirus 8 antibodies that uses a multiple antigenic peptide derived from open reading frame k8.1. | the immunodominant region of the human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8), the antibody-binding site of glycoprotein k8.1a, was mapped to the n-terminal region by using overlapping peptides and a residue replacement method. the main epitope was located within residues 44 to 56 (gqvyqdwl----c). based on this information, we developed an enzyme immunoassay to detect hhv-8 antibodies in human sera using a four-branch multiple antigenic peptide as the antigen. the sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 96 ... | 2002 | 11825937 |
| monitoring of endogenous interferon-alpha and human herpesvirus 8 in hiv-infected patients with kaposi's sarcoma. | the incidence of aids-associated kaposi's sarcoma has declined since the mid-nineties due to the availability of potent antiretroviral therapy including protease inhibitors. however, kaposi's sarcoma is still the most common neoplasia in hiv-infected patients. in the pathogenesis of the hiv-associated as well as other forms of this disease an infectious agent seems to play a role, namely the human herpesvirus 8. even before the discovery of the hiv virus, high levels of an unusual acid-labile fo ... | 2002 | 11827836 |
| h2o2 induces a transient multi-phase cell cycle arrest in mouse fibroblasts through modulating cyclin d and p21cip1 expression. | to defend against the potential damages induced by reactive oxygen species, proliferating cells enter a transient cell cycle arrest. we treated mouse fibroblasts with h(2)o(2) and found that sublethal doses of h(2)o(2) induced a transient multi-phase cell cycle arrest at the g(1), s, and g(2) phases but not the m phase. western blot analysis demonstrated that this transient cell cycle arrest is associated with the down-regulation of cyclins d1 and d3 and up-regulation of the cki p21(cip1) expres ... | 2002 | 11827966 |
| differential expression of viral bcl-2 encoded by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and human bcl-2 in primary effusion lymphoma cells and kaposi's sarcoma lesions. | expression of human herpesvirus 8 viral bcl-2 protein was demonstrated in spindle cells of late-stage kaposi's sarcoma lesions but not in primary effusion lymphoma cell lines. in contrast, strong expression of human bcl-2 was found in stimulated primary effusion lymphoma cells, whereas in kaposi's sarcoma lesions preferential mononuclear cells, and to a lesser extent spindle cells, stained positive. | 2002 | 11836434 |
| isolation and expression of three open reading frames from ovine herpesvirus-2. | ovine herpesvirus-2 (ovhv-2), a member of the gammaherpesviruses (genus rhadinovirus), asymptomatically infects its natural host, the sheep, but causes malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in susceptible hosts, such as cattle, deer and pigs. a permissive cell culture system for virus replication has not been identified but viral dna is present within lymphoblastoid cell lines (lcls) established from cases of mcf. during this study, a cdna expression library generated from lcls was screened with sheep ... | 2002 | 11842248 |
| new insights into the viral theory of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: study on the possible role of kaposi's sarcoma-associated virus/human herpesvirus 8. | in the last few years, three new herpesviruses, hhv-6, -7 and -8, have been discovered, which share interesting biological characteristics for a possible role in the development of both neurological and lymphoproliferative diseases. in particular hhv-8, besides being strongly associated with kaposi's sarcoma, is related with several lymphoproliferative diseases. more recently, specific viral sequences belonging to hhv-8 have been detected in autoptic brain specimens from multiple sclerosis patie ... | 2002 | 11844899 |
| [gastric epithelioid angiosarcoma, a biopsy diagnostic pitfall]. | we report the case of a 70-year-old man who presented a bulky gastric mass. the diagnosis of poorly differenciated adenocarcinoma was made on the biopsy. on surgical specimen, the final diagnosis of gastric angiosarcoma with secondary intestinal involvement was established. the patient did not respond to chemotherapy and died 8 months later. the diagnosis was difficult because of epithelioid areas which expressed both cytokeratin and vascular antigens. human herpesvirus 8 previously detected in ... | 2001 | 11852364 |
| the kshv latency-associated nuclear antigen: a multifunctional protein. | kaposi's sarcoma(ks)-associated herpes virus (kshv) or human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) is highly associated with ks, primary effusion lymphoma (pel), and multicentric castleman's disease, an aggressive lymphoproliferative disorder (1-3). most tumor cells are latently infected with kshv in which a small subset of viral genes are expressed (4-6). of these latently expressed genes, the latency-associated nuclear antigen (lana1, lna, or lna1) is the only protein consistently shown to be highly expressed ... | 2002 | 11861213 |
| analysis of the human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) genome and hhv-8 vil-6 expression in archival cases of castleman disease at low risk for hiv infection. | lymph nodes from 44 patients with castleman disease (cd) without risk factors for hiv infection were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction (pcr), in situ hybridization (ish), and immunohistochemical analysis for human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) and viral interleukin-6 (vil-6). pcr detected hhv-8 genome in 2 of 4 cases; ish detected it in 9 of 16 cases. hhv-8 vil-6 peptides were detected in 2 of 44 cases. vil-6- and ish-positive cells were found in large transformed and small lymphocytes of the foll ... | 2002 | 11863223 |
| kaposi's sarcoma and transplantation. | kaposi's sarcoma is a tumour of multicentric origin, composed of endothelium-lined vascular spaces and spindle-shaped cells. the incidence of kaposi's sarcoma in transplant recipients is 400--500 times greater than that in the general population, and is rising within the transplant population, currently comprising more than 5% of all de novo neoplasms in this group. the exact pathogenesis is still unknown but dna sequences from human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) are present in the different clinical va ... | 2000 | 11866996 |
| human herpesvirus 8 and protection from aids dementia complex. | infection with human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) has been associated with the development of three distinct conditions: kaposi's sarcoma, body cavitybased lymphoma and castleman's disease. hhv-8 produces chemokinelike proteins including viral macrophage inflammatory protein ii, which has been shown to block human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1) infection of cd4-positive cells expressing ccr-3. as ccr-3 is a receptor for hiv-1 into microglial cells, it has been hypothesized that hhv-8 infection may in ... | 2000 | 11867000 |
| prevalence trend and correlates of hhv-8 infection in hiv-infected patients. | to assess the circulation of human herpesvirus (hhv)-8 infection over the years, two seroprevalence surveys were conducted, which tested sera from hiv-infected individuals recruited 10 years apart (206 individuals from 1986 to 1988 and 177 individuals from 1997 to 1998). for all patients, antibodies to hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), and hhv-8 lytic and latent antigens were evaluated.hhv-8 seroprevalence was higher among individuals recruited in the 1990s (31.6% for anti-lytic, ... | 2002 | 11873080 |
| [etiopathogenic importance of human herpes viruses type 6, 7 and 8 in manifestations of certain skin diseases]. | introduction: in the past few years new human herpes viruses (hhv): hhv-6, -7 and -8 have been discovered. according to the most recent literature, they might have an important role in etiopathogenesis of some dermatological diseases. human herpesvirus 6: hhv-6 was isolated in 1984 from peripheral blood lymphocytes of aids patients and patients with different lymphoproliferative diseases. up to now, two variants of this virus have been identified, a and b, which differ in genetic, biological and ... | 2001 | 11876008 |
| the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus latency-associated nuclear antigen binds to specific sequences at the left end of the viral genome through its carboxy-terminus. | latent infection by members of the gammaherpesvirus family is typically characterized by stable episomal maintenance of genomic viral dna. in the case of epstein--barr virus (ebv), this is dependent upon binding of the epstein-barr nuclear antigen 1 (ebna1) to sites which lie within the origin of plasmid replication (orip). the recently discovered kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) encodes the latency-associated nuclear antigen (lana), which appears to be important for supporting the ... | 2001 | 11878894 |
| kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (kshv) or human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8). | | 2002 | 11885938 |
| high incidence of kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-related non-hodgkin lymphoma in patients with hiv infection and multicentric castleman disease. | multicentric castleman disease (mcd) is a distinct type of lymphoproliferative disorder associated with inflammatory symptoms and interleukin 6 (il-6) dysregulation. in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, mcd is associated with kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, also called human herpesvirus type 8 (kshv/hhv8). within a prospective cohort study on 60 hiv-infected patients with mcd, and a median follow-up period of 20 months, 14 patients developed kshv/hhv8-associated ... | 2002 | 11895764 |
| skin diseases associated with human herpesvirus 6, 7, and 8 infection. | relatively recently, the discovery and analysis of three new human herpesviruses, human herpesvirus (hhv)-6, hhv-7, and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), also known as hhv-8, has contributed greatly to our understanding of the pathogenesis of several common dermatoses. hhv-6 and hhv-7 are closely related beta-herpesviruses that have been linked with roseola (mostly hhv-6), severe drug eruptions (hhv-6), and pityriasis rosea (mostly hhv-7). kshv is a gamma-herpesvirus that is now be ... | 2001 | 11924827 |