| high prevalence of antibodies to human herpesvirus 8 in relatives of patients with classic kaposi's sarcoma from sardinia. | a survey for antibodies to a recombinant small viral capsid antigen (svca) of human herpesvirus type 8 (hhv-8) was conducted in sardinia, one of the world's highest incidence areas for classic kaposi's sarcoma (ks). prevalence of antibodies to hhv-8 svca was greatest in patients with ks (95%), followed by family members (39%) and a sardinian control population age- and sex-matched to the relatives (11%). within families, prevalence of antibodies was about equal among spouses, children, and sibli ... | 1998 | 9607855 |
| mapping and serodiagnostic application of a dominant epitope within the human herpesvirus 8 orf 65-encoded protein. | a dominant epitope within the human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8) orf 65-encoded protein was mapped to an 8-amino-acid (aa) sequence (rkppsgkk [aa 162 to 169]) by an amino acid replacement method. using a 14-aa peptide (p4) encompassing this epitope as the antigen, we developed an enzyme immunoassay for hhv8 antibodies. the presence of p4 antibodies in a panel of 61 human serum specimens was highly correlated with biopsy-confirmed kaposi's sarcoma. the homologous epstein-barr virus peptide derived from b ... | 1998 | 9620379 |
| high human herpesvirus 8 seroprevalence in the homosexual population in switzerland. | the seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) in the swiss population was investigated. by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, sera reactive to the recombinant hhv-8 antigen orf 65.2 were found in 24% of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive patients without and in 92% of hiv-positive patients with kaposi's sarcoma. surprisingly, 20% of homosexual hiv-negative men, versus only 7% of heterosexual hiv-negative individuals and 5% of blood donors, had antibodies to hhv-8. | 1998 | 9620422 |
| human immunodeficiency virus tat modulates the flk-1/kdr receptor, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and components of focal adhesion in kaposi's sarcoma cells. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) spindle cell growth and spread have been reported to be modulated by various cytokines as well as the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) gene product tat. recently, hiv-1 tat has been shown to act like a cytokine and bind to the flk-1/kdr receptor for the vascular endothelial growth factor a (vegf-a), which is expressed by ks cells. we have characterized signal transduction pathways stimulated by hiv-1 tat upon its binding to surface receptors on ks cells. we observed that ... | 1998 | 9621077 |
| human herpesvirus 8 in the prostate glands of men with kaposi's sarcoma. | the epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated kaposi's sarcoma (ks) resembles that of a sexually transmitted pathogen. however, human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8), the proposed cause of ks, is found in semen only infrequently and at low titers. to determine whether hhv-8 was present in the urogenital tract, transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies were obtained from six men with ks (five with concurrent hiv infection) and four without ks (three with concurrent hiv) and assaye ... | 1998 | 9621094 |
| treatment of classical kaposi's sarcoma with intralesional injections of cidofovir: report of a case. | the effect of intralesional injections of cidofovir, a nucleotide analog with potent in vitro activity against human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8), was studied in vivo in an hiv-negative patient with classical kaposi's sarcoma (ks). after five weekly injections of the drug, no clinical, histological, immunohistological, or virological changes could be detected in comparison with saline-injected lesions. these findings suggest that, once the ks tumor has developed, active viral replication is no longer i ... | 1998 | 9624609 |
| the immunogenic glycoprotein gp35-37 of human herpesvirus 8 is encoded by open reading frame k8.1. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) is likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of kaposi's sarcoma (ks) and body cavity-based lymphomas (bcbls). the hhv-8 genome is primarily in a latent state in bcbl-derived cell lines like bcbl-1, but lytic replication can be induced by phorbol esters (r. renne, w. zhang, b. herndier, m. mcgrath, n. abbey, d. kedes, and d. e. ganem, nat. med. 2:342-346, 1996). a 35- to 37-kda glycoprotein (gp35-37) is the polypeptide most frequently and intensively recognized by ks ... | 1998 | 9658120 |
| human herpes virus 8 (kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus). | human herpes virus 8 (hhv-8) is a recently discovered herpesvirus related to herpesvirus saimiri and epstein-barr virus (ebv). it has been assigned to the rhadinovirus genus (gamma-2 herpesvirus) on the basis of its genomic sequence and structure. hhv-8 is the first member of this genus known to infect humans and it is now evident that it is the likely cause of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). the virus is present in endothelial and spindle cells of ks, and in hiv disease the presence of hhv-8 in peripher ... | 1998 | 9659514 |
| serologic evidence for mother-to-child transmission of kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection. | | 1998 | 9660357 |
| no association between human herpesvirus type 8 infection and multiple myeloma. | | 1998 | 9665152 |
| shedding of cytomegalovirus and herpesviruses 6, 7, and 8 in saliva of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients and healthy controls. | we used the polymerase chain reaction to study the presence of dna from cytomegalovirus (cmv) and human herpesvirus (hhv)-6, hhv-7, and hhv-8 in saliva from 44 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1-infected patients at different stages of disease and in 15 healthy hiv-seronegative controls. cmv dna, hhv-6 dna, and hhv-7 dna were found in all groups, but hhv-8 dna was found only in symptomatic hiv-1-infected patients (5 [17%] of 29). one of the patients with hhv-8 dna in saliva had oral kapos ... | 1998 | 9675467 |
| renal pathology of human immunodeficiency virus infection. | renal complications of hiv infection are clinically and morphologically diverse. these may affect the glomerular, tubulointerstitial, and vascular compartments. tubulointerstitial injury predominates in most autopsy-based studies, whereas glomerular disease is most frequently identified in biopsy-based studies. the most common glomerular lesion is hiv-associated focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and related mesangiopathies (collectively termed hiv-associated nephropathy). increasingly, a variet ... | 1998 | 9692353 |
| body-cavity-based lymphoma in an elderly aids-unrelated male. | body-cavity-based lymphoma (bcbl) is a recently described subtype of human non-hodgkin's lymphoma characterized by the localization of neoplastic cells exclusively in the body cavities. bcbl is found most commonly in aids patients, and is known to be highly associated with kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (kshv). we describe here a case of bcbl that occurred in a 101-year-old man. he was successively treated with etoposide, but died 8 months after the diagnosis of bcbl. no lymphoma masse ... | 1998 | 9695416 |
| human herpesvirus 8 as a potential sexually transmitted agent in honduras. | the seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) was studied in 326 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive and -negative persons from honduras; women constituted 77% (n = 251) of the subjects. sera were tested for lytic hhv-8 antibodies by an ifa, and positive samples were confirmed by a radioimmunoprecipitation assay. of the 326 persons tested, 58 (17.8%) had hhv-8 antibodies. among the hiv-infected women, 22.7% were seropositive; 11.3% of the hiv-negative women were seropositive. hhv-8 s ... | 1998 | 9697741 |
| primary-effusion lymphoma and kaposi's sarcoma in a cardiac-transplant recipient. | | 1998 | 9700178 |
| detection of epstein-barr virus and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus dna in csf from persons infected with hiv who had neurological disease. | to determine the frequency and clinical relevance of epstein-barr virus (ebv) and kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (kshv) dna detection in the csf from patients infected with hiv. | 1998 | 9703169 |
| emerging viruses in blood transfusion. | | 1998 | 9704434 |
| overview of the epidemiology of immunodeficiency-associated cancers. | immunodeficiency, be it congenital, therapeutic, or infectious in origin, increases the risk of certain, but not all, types of cancer. a common feature of these cancers is that specific infectious agents appear to be important in their etiology, not only in immunodeficient subjects but also in the general population. people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) are at an increased risk of kaposi's sarcoma, non-hodgkin's lymphoma, hodgkin's disease, squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunc ... | 1998 | 9709294 |
| cancers in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. | although the exact incidence of cancers in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected children is not clear, an excess of non-hodgkin's lymphomas and soft tissue tumors as well as a multitude of otherwise rare tumors in childhood, such as cervical, thyroid, or pulmonary carcinoma, has been reported. in contrast to the findings in hiv-infected adults, kaposi's sarcoma is rare in children in industrialized countries but not in children living in the sub-saharan area. treatment of the neoplastic d ... | 1998 | 9709300 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-encoded oncogenes and oncogenesis. | molecular biologic studies of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) have identified a number of potential viral oncogenes that may contribute to kshv-related neoplasia including a d-type cyclin, an il-6-like cytokine, and a novel member of the interferon regulatory factor family. kshv is functionally related to other dna tumor viruses by encoding specific proteins to inhibit prb, pro-apoptotic, and interferon-signaling tumor suppressor pathways. the virus appears to employ molecular pir ... | 1998 | 9709306 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a vascular tumor predominantly found in the immunosuppressed. epidemiologic studies suggest that an infective agent is the etiologic culprit. kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), or human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8), is a gamma human herpesvirus present in all epidemiologic forms of ks and also in a rare type of a b cell lymphoma, primary effusion lymphoma (pel). in addition, this virus is present in most biopsies from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated m ... | 1998 | 9709807 |
| identification of an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif of k1 transforming protein of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is consistently identified in kaposi's sarcoma and body cavity-based lymphoma. kshv encodes a transforming protein called k1 which is structurally similar to lymphocyte receptors. we have found that a highly conserved region of the cytoplasmic domain of k1 resembles the sequence of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (itams). to demonstrate the signal-transducing activity of k1, we constructed a chimeric protein in which the cytoplasmic ... | 1998 | 9710606 |
| absence of hhv-8 dna sequences in malignant mesothelioma. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) associated primary effusion lymphomas arise and grow in the body cavities as effusions, but it is not known whether the lining of body cavities and mesothelium derived malignancies are potential targets of hhv-8 infection. we examined a series of 13 diffuse malignant mesotheliomas and four mesothelial cell rich effusion samples of non-neoplastic aetiology from non-immunodepressed patients using the polymerase chain reaction to detect hhv-8 specific sequences. hhv-8 am ... | 1998 | 9713597 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) in bone marrow biopsies of patients with waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is suspected to play a role in the aetiology of multiple myeloma. because of similarities in the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma and waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia (wm), we investigated dna samples from 20 bone marrow biopsies with wm for the detection of kshv by pcr (ks330/orf26). we performed two rounds of amplification and found that only 1/20 of the dna samples obtained from biopsies had a detectable kshv sequence. the positive patient was ... | 1998 | 9722309 |
| antibodies to kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8) in patients with multiple myeloma. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) serologic assays were used to detect specific antibodies to kshv lytic and latent antigens in 27 patients with multiple myeloma, 27 control patients with other cancers, and 50 random blood donors. antibodies to kshv recombinant minor capsid antigen orf65 were found in 81% of patients with multiple myeloma, 22% of control patients with other cancers, and 6% of the blood donors. antibodies to kshv latent nuclear antigens were found in 52% of patients ... | 1998 | 9728556 |
| establishment and characterization of ebv-positive and ebv-negative primary effusion lymphoma cell lines harbouring human herpesvirus type-8. | in this study we report on the establishment and characterization of two novel lymphoma cell lines (cro-ap/3 and cro-ap/5) which carry infection by human herpesvirus type-8 (hhv-8) and have derived from aids-related primary effusion lymphoma (pel). these two cell lines are representative of different virologic subtypes of pel, i.e. hhv-8+/ebv- pel in the case of cro-ap/3 and hhv-8+/ebv+ pel in the case of cro-ap/5. consistent with the diagnosis of pel, both cro-ap/3 and cro-ap/5 expressed indete ... | 1998 | 9734661 |
| human herpesvirus-8 orf k8.1 gene encodes immunogenic glycoproteins generated by spliced transcripts. | a cdna library from phorbol ester-induced human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) carrying bcbl-1 cells was screened with an hiv+ks+ serum, and several cdna clones encoding hhv-8 proteins were identified. sequence analysis of two full-length cdna clones show open reading frames (orfs) encoded by spliced messages originating from the hhv-8 k8.1 gene. one cdna encodes an orf of 228 amino acids, designated k8. 1.a, with a cleavable signal sequence, a transmembrane domain, and four n-glycosylation sites. the sp ... | 1998 | 9740785 |
| spectrum of aids-associated malignant disorders. | | 1998 | 9743013 |
| transfusion virology: progress and challenges. | discoveries of new human viruses and new technologies for their detection have made, and will continue to make, major contributions to the safety of blood transfusion. this article discusses the practical issues involved in the implementation of additional serological screening tests for viruses such as human t-lymphotropic virus, and reviews current information on the prevalence and pathogenicity of more recently discovered viruses, such as hepatitis g virus (hgv) or gb virus-c (gbv-c) and huma ... | 1998 | 9745887 |
| dendritic cells derived from bone marrow and cd34+ selected blood progenitor cells of myeloma patients, cultured in serum-free media, do not contain the kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus genome. | the aim of our study was to test if dendritic cells contain the kshv genome. cd34+ peripheral blood progenitor cells (pbpc) and bone marrow mononuclear cells were cultured in x-vivo 15 medium supplemented with gm-csf and tnf-alpha in gas-permeable containers. dendritic cells were identified morphologically and immunophenotypically. the kshv genome was not identified in any of the cases using a nested primer pcr approach. serological analysis corroborated the molecular findings: no antibodies for ... | 1998 | 9753067 |
| squamous cell carcinomas after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia: further evidence of a multistep process. | secondary solid tumors are rare events occurring in patients who underwent allogeneic marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia and fanconi's anemia. human herpes virus 8 (hhv8), epstein-barr virus (ebv), and human papillomaviruses (hpv) sequences have been found in squamous cell carcinoma (scc) occurring in organ transplant recipients. the tumor suppressor gene p53 has been strongly linked to the occurrence of scc in the nonimmunocompromised population. | 1998 | 9753353 |
| purification of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8) and analyses of the structural proteins. | the kaposis's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) infected bcbl-1 cell line, adapted to and grown in medium containing 10% horse serum, was induced to lytic replication with 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa) for virus production. supernatants from induced cells were filtered through a 0.45-microm filter and virions were concentrated by polyethylene glycol extraction and high speed centrifugation. the virus was purified by a glycerol gradient zonal centrifugation step followed by isopy ... | 1998 | 9766893 |
| prevalence of human herpesvirus 8 antibodies in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected homosexual men in slovakia. | | 1998 | 9770082 |
| comparison of the prevalence of antibodies to human herpesvirus 8 (kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) in brazil and colorado. | the prevalence of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8; kaposi's sarcoma [ks] herpesvirus) infection was determined by ifa in 297 persons living in brazil and colorado. the prevalence of antibody to hhv-8 in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1-seropositive gay men with and without ks was similar in brazil and colorado. in brazil, the prevalence of hhv-8 antibody was significantly greater in hiv-1-seronegative gay men than in hiv-1-seronegative male intravenous drug users. hhv-8-seropositive brazilia ... | 1998 | 9780272 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in kikuchi's disease. | kikuchi's disease is a fairly common self-limited disorder among orientals that usually involves the cervical lymph nodes of young individuals and occurs predominantly in females. frequently, the disease is associated with fever or flu-like symptoms, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (esr), neutropenia, and lymphocytosis with atypical lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, suggesting a viral origin. however, no infectious agent has been identified. the presence of kaposi sarcoma-associate ... | 1998 | 9781647 |
| human herpesvirus-8 and relatives of patients with plasmocytic diseases. | | 1998 | 9787198 |
| chemokines activate kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus g protein-coupled receptor in mammalian cells in culture. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv)/human herpesvirus 8, a virus that appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of kaposi's sarcoma and primary effusion lymphomas, encodes a g protein-coupled receptor (kshv-gpcr) that exhibits constitutive signaling. in this report, we show that two chemokines, interleukin 8 (il-8) and growth-related protein-alpha, activate kshv-gpcr over constitutive levels. moreover, as with human receptors, the integrity of the elr motif of these chemokines is req ... | 1998 | 9788958 |
| [painless, red-violet skin lesions during immunosuppression]. | a patient with painless, bluish-red skin lesions under immunosuppressive treatment for kidney transplantation is presented. the clinical and histological diagnosis was kaposi's sarcoma. this is a rare but serious complication in the immunocompromised patient. human herpes virus 8 (hhv 8) was recently found in the lesions from patients with kaposi's sarcoma. this supports the important role of immunosuppression in the development of this tumor. therapy consists of reduction or stopping of the imm ... | 1998 | 9789478 |
| trauma-induced kaposi's sarcoma of the hallux. an unusual case. | kaposi's sarcoma is the most common malignant lesion in patients who test seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus. although many cases of this tumor have been described in the literature, only a few cases have been related to koebner's phenomenon following trauma. biopsy of lesions remains the standard method of diagnosis, but the numerous treatment options available today require treatment to be determined on a case-by-case basis. the authors present an unusual case of trauma-induced, ... | 1998 | 9791955 |
| increasing kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus seroprevalence with age in a highly kaposi's sarcoma endemic region, zambia in 1985. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks)-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is a newly discovered virus found in all forms of ks. in the united states, kshv infection appears to be most common amongst individuals at high-risk for ks. preliminary data from africa suggest that kshv infection may be much more common in the general population. | 1998 | 9792393 |
| the pathogenesis of kaposi's sarcoma. | | 1998 | 9795583 |
| aids-related malignancies. | | 1998 | 9800109 |
| immunoglobulin vh gene mutational analysis suggests that primary effusion lymphomas derive from different stages of b cell maturation. | primary effusion lymphoma (pel) is a recently described distinct subtype of non-hodgkin's lymphoma associated with infection by the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, also called human herpesvirus-8. most cases of pel are also associated with the epstein-barr virus (ebv). in order to better characterize the cellular origin of pel, we investigated the immunoglobulin (ig) heavy chain variable region (vh,) genes expressed by tumor cells of the bc-1 and bc-3 cell lines derived from pels and fi ... | 1998 | 9811353 |
| distinct biology of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus from primary lesions and body cavity lymphomas. | the dna sequence for kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus was originally detected in kaposi's sarcoma biopsy specimens. since its discovery, it has been possible to detect virus in cell lines established from aids-associated body cavity-based b-cell lymphoma and to propagate virus from primary kaposi's sarcoma lesions in a human renal embryonic cell line, 293. in this study, we analyzed the infectivity of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus produced from these two sources. viral isolates ... | 1998 | 9811747 |
| new advances in multiple myeloma. | recent studies have led to new insights into the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma, including appreciation of the potential role of human herpesvirus-8 infection and further characterization of some of the cytogenetic abnormalities present in this disease. new strategies to optimize the use of allogeneic and autologous stem cell transplantation include the development of various immunotherapeutic techniques to enhance the antitumor effect, and, in the case of allogeneic transplantation, to reduce ... | 1998 | 9814656 |
| detection of human herpesvirus 8 dna sequences in tissues and bodily fluids. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) has been proposed as a sexually transmitted etiologic agent of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). in this study, by use of a sensitive polymerase chain reaction assay, hhv-8 dna was detected in the skin lesions (92%), normal skin (23%), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) (46%), plasma (7%), saliva (37%), and semen (12%) but not stool samples from ks patients. the average number of hhv-8 copies per microgram of positive target dna was 64, 000, 9000, 40, 33,000, and 300 for ... | 1998 | 9815212 |
| seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 among zambian women of childbearing age without kaposi's sarcoma (ks) and mother-child pairs with ks. | the seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) among a group of zambian women of reproductive age and among mother-child pairs in which either one of them has kaposi's sarcoma (ks) was determined. a cross-sectional group of 378 pregnant women was randomly recruited into the study, and 183 (48.4%) had hhv-8 antibodies. among the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-1-infected women, 51.1% were hhv-8-seropositive, whereas of hiv-1-negative women, 47.3% were hhv-8-seropositive. in addition, 21 wom ... | 1998 | 9815235 |
| further confirmation of the association of human herpesvirus 8 with kaposi's sarcoma. | recently, a new herpesvirus-like dna sequence named kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) or human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8) has been isolated from almost all cases of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). it has not been found in most benign and malignant cutaneous hemangioproliferative disorders other than ks. to further verify the specificity of the association of this new viral dna with ks, we examined in total 42 cases of vascular neoplasms of endothelial derivation using nested polymerase chain react ... | 1998 | 9826166 |
| diva, a bcl-2 homologue that binds directly to apaf-1 and induces bh3-independent cell death. | we have identified and characterized diva, which is a novel regulator of apoptosis. sequence analysis revealed that diva is a member of the bcl-2 family of proteins containing bcl-2 homology domain 1, 2, 3, and 4 (bh1, bh2, bh3, and bh4) regions and a carboxyl-terminal hydrophobic domain. the expression of diva mrna was detected in multiple embryonic tissues but was restricted to the ovary and testis in adult mice. the expression of diva promoted the death of 293t, ramsey, and t47d cells as well ... | 1998 | 9829980 |
| human herpesvirus-8 glycoprotein b interacts with epstein-barr virus (ebv) glycoprotein 110 but fails to complement the infectivity of ebv mutants. | to characterize human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) gb, the open reading frame was pcr amplified from the hhv-8-infected cell line bcbl-1 and cloned into an expression vector. to facilitate detection of expressed hhv-8 gb, the cytoplasmic tail of the glycoprotein was tagged with the influenza hemagglutinin (ha) epitope. expression of tagged hhv-8 gb (gb-ha), as well as the untagged form, was readily detected in cho-k1 cells and several lymphoblastoid cell lines (lcls). hhv-8 gb-ha was sensitive to endog ... | 1998 | 9837804 |
| herpes virus type 8-negative primary effusion lymphoma associated with pax-5 gene rearrangement and hepatitis c virus: a case report and review of the literature. | at present, there is no case report of hhv8- primary effusion lymphoma (pel) with t(9;14)(p13;q32) involving both pax-5 and immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement, which is a rare translocation in b-cell non-hodgkin's lymphoma, in an hiv- patient. we examined an hiv-seronegative 63-year-old japanese man with hepatitis c virus-associated liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma manifesting peritoneal lymphomatous effusion without tumor mass at any body site. the lymphoma cells were exa ... | 1998 | 9850179 |
| hhv-8 is not associated with follicular dendritic cell tumours. | follicular dendritic cell tumours are rare malignancies derived from the follicular dendritic cells of lymphoid follicles. these tumours have been associated with epstein-barr virus infections and with the hyaline vascular subtype of castleman's disease. because many examples of castleman's disease have been associated with kaposi's sarcoma associated herpes virus (hhv-8), this study uses polymerase chain reaction technology to examine five cases of follicular dendritic cell tumours for hhv-8. o ... | 1998 | 9850342 |
| the association of skin diseases with human herpesvirus 8 infection in hiv carriers. | the seroprevalence to kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) or human herpesvirus type 8 (hhv-8) was surveyed in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) carriers with or without skin diseases, and also in hiv-1 negative individuals in thailand. using an immunofluorescence assay, the seropositive rates to lytic antigens of hhv-8 in hiv-1 carriers with or without skin diseases were 25% and 7.4%, respectively, but none of hiv-1 negative individuals had antibody. the seroprevalence to hh ... | 1998 | 9856078 |
| etiology and pathogenesis of posttransplant tumors: new insights into viral oncogenesis. | | 1997 | 9869881 |
| agonists and inverse agonists for the herpesvirus 8-encoded constitutively active seven-transmembrane oncogene product, orf-74. | a number of cxc chemokines competed with similar, nanomolar affinity against 125i-interleukin-8 (il-8) binding to orf-74, a constitutively active seven-transmembrane receptor encoded by human herpesvirus 8. however, in competition against 125i-labeled growth-related oncogene (gro)-alpha, the orf-74 receptor was highly selective for gro peptides, with il-8 being 10,000-fold less potent. the constitutive stimulating activity of orf-74 on phosphatidylinositol turnover was not influenced by, for exa ... | 1999 | 9873037 |
| future trends in kaposi's sarcoma and lymphoma. | | 1998 | 9874115 |
| [human herpesvirus-8 in hungarian blood donors and in patients with kaposi sarcoma]. | the pathogenic role of kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus or human herpesvirus-8 in the development of kaposi's sarcoma is widely accepted today. here the authors report an indirect immunofluorescence assay based seroepidemiologic study. their results indicate that 1.56% (17/1089) of the hungarian adult population and 100% (12/12) of kaposi's sarcoma patients have serum antibodies to hhv-8 latent nuclear antigens. | 1998 | 9876459 |
| accessibility of selenomethionine proteins by total chemical synthesis: structural studies of human herpesvirus-8 mip-ii. | the determination of high resolution three-dimensional structures by x-ray crystallography or nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) is a time-consuming process. here we describe an approach to circumvent the cloning and expression of a recombinant protein as well as screening for heavy atom derivatives. the selenomethionine-modified chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-ii (mip-ii) from human herpesvirus-8 has been produced by total chemical synthesis, crystallized, and characterized by nmr. the ... | 1998 | 9877169 |
| human herpesvirus 8 is not associated with kawasaki disease. | | 1998 | 9877378 |
| [hhv-8 related diseases]. | kaposi's disease: hhv-8 sequences have been found in all the epidemiological forms of kaposi's disease. there is a direct relationship between hhv-8 infection and pbmc and later development of kaposi's disease. the hhv-8 sequences can be found in spindle cells or endothelial cells in kaposi lesions. other diseases: hhv-8 is also associated with certain lymphomas including body-cavity-based lymphomas and castleman's disease. it has also been put forward that there is a relationship between hhv-8 ... | 1998 | 9879330 |
| hypothesis. hhv-8 in multiple myeloma: is this the first paracrine model of human tumorigenesis and do koch's postulates apply? | | 1998 | 9893745 |
| usefulness of molecular detection of human herpesvirus-8 in the diagnosis of kaposi sarcoma by fine-needle aspiration. | kaposi sarcoma (ks), a multifocal angioproliferative disorder, occurs most commonly in patients with aids, in whom it remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. ks is often in the differential diagnosis in hiv-infected patients undergoing fine-needle aspiration (fna). fna diagnosis of ks is usually made by morphologic observation of scant tissue fragments composed of bland spindle cells and crush artifact. human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) has been identified by polymerase chain reaction ( ... | 1999 | 9894458 |
| ifn-gamma induces endothelial cells to proliferate and to invade the extracellular matrix in response to the hiv-1 tat protein: implications for aids-kaposi's sarcoma pathogenesis. | previous studies indicated that the tat protein of hiv functions as a progression factor in kaposi's sarcoma (ks), an angioproliferative disease common and aggressive in hiv-1-infected individuals (aids-ks). in particular, tat that is released by infected cells stimulates the growth and invasion of spindle cells of endothelial origin derived from ks lesions (ks cells). other work suggested that inflammatory cytokines may act as initiating factors in ks since they induce normal endothelial cells ... | 1999 | 9916748 |
| big but weak: how many pathogenic genes does human herpesvirus-8 need to cause kaposi's sarcoma? (review). | human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) is implicated in the pathogenesis of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). in the last two years several hhv-8 gene products were heralded to 'cause ks' without any evidence that the respective gene is expressed in the tumor cells of ks lesions. in this framework it is of interest that almost 10% of the genes encoded by hhv-8 have been suggested to promote ks development due to either mitogenic, anti-apoptotic, chemoattractive, angiogenic or transforming activities. the rapidly grow ... | 1999 | 9917504 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) chemokine vmip-ii and human sdf-1alpha inhibit signaling by kshv g protein-coupled receptor. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) encodes two proteins that are similar to human cc chemokines and a g protein-coupled receptor (kshv-gpcr) that is constitutively active. kshv-gpcr binds a number of human cxc and cc chemokines. we showed that interferon gamma-inducible protein-10 (ip-10), a human cxc chemokine, inhibits kshv-gpcr signaling (geras-raaka et al., j. exp. med. 188, 405-408, 1998). here we show that viral monocyte inflammatory protein-ii (vmip-ii), one of the kshv-encode ... | 1998 | 9918794 |
| detection and sequence diversity of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv)/human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) dna. | detection of kaposi's sarcoma (ks)-associated herpesvirus (kshv)/human herpesvirus (hhv-8) has been reported frequently in patients with ks associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). we examined the presence of the kshv sequence in 8 hiv-positive patients comprising 5 with ks, 2 with syphilis, 1 with prurigo, and 2 hiv-negative patients with angiosarcoma. using the polymerase chain reaction, we observed amplification of a dna fragment of the expected size in 4 patients with ks. s ... | 1999 | 9920979 |
| epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis, clinical presentations and therapeutic approaches in kaposi's sarcoma: 15-year lessons from aids. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a leading cause of morbidity among 25-30% of aids patients and is by far the most common aids-associated malignancy. since the beginning of the 1990s the incidence of ks continuously declined, but it was the introduction of protease inhibitors that markedly reinforced this phenomenon. in our experience, the annual incidence was 59/1,000 patient-years in 1984 vs 21.2/1,000 patient-years in 1990, 12.5/1,000 patient-years in 1996, with a drop to 3.2/1,000 patient-years in 1 ... | 1998 | 9921413 |
| transfusion of the hiv-seropositive patient: immunomodulation, viral reactivation, and limiting exposure to ebv (hhv-4), cmv (hhv-5), and hhv-6, 7, and 8. | | 1999 | 9924760 |
| modulation of p27(kip1) levels by the cyclin encoded by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. | dna tumour viruses have evolved a number of mechanisms by which they deregulate normal cellular growth control. we have recently described the properties of a cyclin encoded by human herpesvirus 8 (also known as kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) which is able to resist the actions of p16(ink4a), p21(cip1) and p27(kip1) cdk inhibitors. here we investigate the mechanism involved in the subversion of a g1 blockade imposed by overexpression of p27(kip1). we demonstrate that binding of k cycli ... | 1999 | 9927425 |
| classic kaposi's sarcoma as a second primary neoplasm. | although the incidence of classic kaposi's sarcoma (cks) has been investigated, its occurrence following a primary neoplasm and its association with this first neoplasm need to be determined. we analyzed a series of 124 patients with a secondary cks (8.4% of a total of 1485 incident cases) which occurred between 1961 and 1992 in the jewish israeli population. data on first neoplasms and subsequent kaposi's sarcoma were retrieved from the israel cancer registry. acquired-immune-deficiency-syndrom ... | 1999 | 9935196 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus encodes a bzip protein with homology to bzlf1 of epstein-barr virus. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is a recently discovered human gamma herpesvirus strongly implicated in aids-related neoplasms. we report here the identification in the kshv genome of a gene for a protein designated k-bzip and belonging to the basic-leucine zipper (bzip) family of transcription factors. k-bzip shows significant homology to bzlf1, which plays a key role in the replication and reactivation of epstein-barr virus. k-bzip is a homodimerizing protein of 237 amino acids ... | 1999 | 9971770 |
| risk factors for rebleeding and mortality from acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in human immunodeficiency virus infection. | in the general population, acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (ugih) is a common problem that results in significant morbidity and mortality. the aim of this study was to determine the etiology, clinical outcome, and risk factors for rebleeding and mortality in a large cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients with acute ugih. | 1999 | 10022629 |
| absence of kaposi's sarcoma--associated herpesvirus dna sequences in multiple myeloma. | | 1999 | 10025982 |
| pericardial involvement in human immunodeficiency virus infection. | previous studies have showed that the pericardium is frequently involved in hiv infection. however, the characteristics and etiology of the pericardial abnormalities that have been found remained poorly defined. we analyzed the features of pericardial involvement in these patients and investigated the clinical variables associated with moderate and severe effusions. | 1999 | 10027441 |
| human immunodeficiency virus-associated pericardial effusion: report of 40 cases and review of the literature. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated pericardial effusion is common. we present its clinical features, cause, and prognosis on the basis of a review of 40 cases at a single public hospital. | 1999 | 10047635 |
| human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) associated with small non-cleaved cell lymphoma in a child with aids. | the association of human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) with a small non-cleaved cell lymphoma is described in a child with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) who developed a malignant pleural effusion and radiologic evidence of multiple solid tumors. hhv-8 dna and epstein-barr virus dna were identified in pleural fluid cells by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification. the serum antibody titer against lytic hhv-8 proteins was 1:640; antibodies to latent hhv-8 proteins were not detected. ... | 1999 | 10072113 |
| sequence and genomic analysis of a rhesus macaque rhadinovirus with similarity to kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8. | we have sequenced the long unique region (lur) and characterized the terminal repeats of the genome of a rhesus rhadinovirus (rrv), strain 17577. the lur as sequenced is 131,364 bp in length, with a g+c content of 52.2% and a cpg ratio of 1.11. the genome codes for 79 open reading frames (orfs), with 67 of these orfs similar to genes found in both kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) (formal name, human herpesvirus 8) and herpesvirus saimiri. eight of the 12 unique genes show similarit ... | 1999 | 10074154 |
| human herpesvirus 8 seroprevalence and evaluation of nonsexual transmission routes by detection of dna in clinical specimens from human immunodeficiency virus-seronegative patients from central and southern italy, with and without kaposi's sarcoma. | in order to investigate the seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) infection in central and southern italy, sera from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-seronegative subjects, with and without kaposi's sarcoma (ks), were analyzed by immunofluorescence assay, using bc-3, a cell line latently infected with hhv-8. high titers of antibody against hhv-8 lytic and latent antigens were detected in all 50 ks patients studied, while in 50 hiv-seronegative subjects without ks, 32 (64%) were found p ... | 1999 | 10074540 |
| kaposi's sarcoma in women: a clinicopathologic study. | although all epidemiologic subsets of kaposi's sarcoma (ks) (i.e., sporadic, endemic, epidemic, and iatrogenic) have an association with human herpes virus 8 (hhv8), these subsets occur in patient populations with distinctive clinical features. to a variable degree men outnumber women in all subsets. | 1999 | 10082593 |
| transplantation-associated kaposi's sarcoma: herpesvirus 8 transmission through renal allografts. | | 1999 | 10083406 |
| kaposi's sarcoma: breeding ground of herpesviridae - a tour de force over viral evolution (review). | after reviewing the molecular biological basis of prominent theories for the integration of viruses into the earliest forms of living matter, an account is given on the immunoevasive strategies viruses have had to acquire in order to secure their existence against the most sophisticated anti-viral defensive mechanisms evolving in their hosts. herpes-viridae and kaposi's sarcoma illustrate the complexity of host-virus relationship. in following the evolutionary steps of simians and hominoids to h ... | 1999 | 10087309 |
| [hhv8 infection (kaposi's sarcoma)]. | | 1999 | 10088335 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus-8) encodes a homologue of the epstein-barr virus bzip protein eb1. | analysis of the recently completed genomic sequence of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus-8) revealed that orf 50 encodes a protein with homology to the epstein-barr virus (ebv) transcription factor r. in this report, we show that orf k8, contiguous to orf 50, is interrupted by two introns and that the spliced rna is translated into a bzip protein that has homology to the ebv transcription factor eb1. the newly characterized k8 protein forms homodimers but does not hetero ... | 1999 | 10091993 |
| ebv gene expression not altered in rheumatoid synovia despite the presence of ebv antigen-specific t cell clones. | t cells infiltrating the rheumatoid arthritis (ra) joint are oligoclonal, implicating an ag-driven process, but the putative joint-specific ags remain elusive. here we examine expression of selected ebv genes in ra synovia and find no abnormal expression in ra. dna of cmv and ebv was detectable by pcr in the synovial tissue of ra. rna of several latent and lytic ebv genes was also detectable. however, there were no differences in ebv gene expression in synovial tissues or peripheral blood when c ... | 1999 | 10092832 |
| viruses and human cancer. | several kinds of viruses cause cancer in humans, accounting for 10-20% of cancer worldwide. human cancer viruses include human papillomavirus, hepatitis b virus, epstein-barr virus, human t cell lymphotropic virus, and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. cancer viruses alter the machinery of the infected cell to promote their own survival and growth. in the process, they interfere with normal cellular control mechanisms, leading to abnormal growth, genetic alterations and malignancy. studie ... | 1998 | 10093516 |
| hydrocortisone activation of human herpesvirus 8 viral dna replication and gene expression in vitro. | patients undergoing chronic steroid therapy for organ transplantation are at increased risk for development of human herpes virus 8(hhv-8)-associated kaposi's sarcoma (ks). it has also been reported that following steroid withdrawal, ks lesions often undergo partial or complete regression. | 1999 | 10096517 |
| seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in childhood malignancy in zimbabwe. | to determine the association between malignancy and the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection in children. | 1998 | 10101432 |
| distinct serum cytokines in aids-related skin diseases. | to determine whether common skin diseases associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) were distinguishable based on the pattern of serum cytokine expression, we studied patients with psoriasis, pruritus, and kaposi's sarcoma (ks) for levels of tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha, interferon-gamma (ifn-y), interleukin (il)-10, and il-4. thirty-two hiv-positive (hiv+) patients including 8 with ks, 11 with psoriasis, and 13 with pruritus along with 16 hiv-negative subjects with psoriasis were ... | 1998 | 10189188 |
| human herpesvirus 8 and renal transplantation. | | 1999 | 10189288 |
| comparison of human sera reactivities in immunoblots with recombinant human herpesvirus (hhv)-8 proteins associated with the latent (orf73) and lytic (orfs 65, k8.1a, and k8.1b) replicative cycles and in immunofluorescence assays with hhv-8-infected bcbl-1 cells. | the development of reliable, sensitive, and specific serological methods for the detection of human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) antibodies is critical for a thorough understanding of hhv-8 prevalence and pathogenesis. to evaluate the potential usefulness of hhv-8 proteins in measuring the responses against both latent and lytic antigens, we selected 1 latent [open reading frame (orf) 73] antigen and 3 hhv-8 lytic antigens (orfs 65, k8.1a, and k8.1b) previously identified as immunogenic [virology (1998 ... | 1999 | 10191203 |
| hhv-8 and multiple myeloma. | recently, a new member of the gamma-herpesvirus family, human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8), was identified in a case of kaposi's sarcoma. this virus has also been found in the nonmalignant dendritic cells of the bone marrow from myeloma patients. in addition, hhv-8 is also detectable in the peripheral blood of most patients although its absence suggests earlier stage disease. by contrast, this virus is undetectable in the blood of family members and sexual partners of myeloma patients. sequencing of hh ... | 1999 | 10192878 |
| aids-related kaposi's sarcoma patients with visceral manifestations. response to human chorionic gonadotropin preparations. | in vitro cell culture studies and a murine model for human kaposi's sarcoma (ks) have shown that human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg)-associated factor (haf) isolated from commercial hcg preparations has antiproliferative and cell killing effects on neoplastic ks cells, without toxic effects on normal endothelial cells and lymphocytes. these findings prompted preliminary study of hcg preparations for patients with early-stage ks with skin lesions only and no known visceral involvement. complete or ... | 1998 | 10195236 |
| kaposi's sarcoma in the gambia, west africa is less frequent in human immunodeficiency virus type 2 than in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection despite a high prevalence of human herpesvirus 8. | to investigate the distribution of kaposi's sarcoma (ks) cases in patients with human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (hiv-1 and hiv-2) infection in the gambia; to document the prevalence of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) infection in various population groups in the gambia. | 1998 | 10195242 |
| cellular tropism and viral interleukin-6 expression distinguish human herpesvirus 8 involvement in kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric castleman's disease. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) infection has been implicated in the etiology of kaposi's sarcoma (ks), primary effusion lymphoma (pel), and multicentric castleman's disease (mcd), three diseases that frequently develop in immunocompromised, human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals. one hypothesis that would account for different pathological manifestations of infection by the same virus is that viral genes are differentially expressed in heterogeneous cell types. to test this hypothesis, w ... | 1999 | 10196314 |
| human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) in familial kaposi's sarcoma. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) has been detected in various epidemiological forms of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). since familial ks cases are exceedingly rare and the occurrence of familial ks in siblings has thought to depend rather on genetic factors than on a viral factor, familial ks has not been investigated for the presence of hhv-8. to investigate whether hhv-8 is present also in this rare form of ks, we examined tumor biopsies of 2 siblings with familial ks for the presence of hhv-8 specific dna ... | 1999 | 10206723 |
| localization of human herpesvirus type 8 (hhv-8) in the kaposi's sarcoma tissues and the semen specimens of hiv-1 infected and uninfected individuals by utilizing in situ polymerase chain reaction. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a form of skin cancer, most commonly found in individuals suffering from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, or aids. however, before the worldwide infection of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), the rare occurrence of ks was confined to two distinct groups of individuals. in the western world, the classical form of ks was often found in older men (60-70 years of age) from the mediterranean area. another form called endemic ks, was found in equatorial africa. currently, ... | 1998 | 10213307 |
| absence of human herpesvirus-8 dna in angiosarcoma. | | 1999 | 10215793 |
| pleural fluid findings in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: correlation with concomitant pulmonary disease. | we sought to define the spectrum of conditions associated with pleural effusion (pe) in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) who submitted to diagnostic thoracentesis. | 1999 | 10219358 |
| identification and characterization of human herpesvirus 8 open reading frame k9 viral interferon regulatory factor by a monoclonal antibody. | to identify and characterize an open reading frame (orf) in association with its mrna and a coding protein recognized by anti-human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) monoclonal antibody b291. | 1999 | 10225208 |
| detection of human herpesvirus 8 in cervicovaginal secretions and seroprevalence in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-seropositive and -seronegative women. | epidemiologic studies suggest that human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) may be sexually transmitted. to study the potential for hhv-8 transmission through cervicovaginal (cv) secretions, the presence of hhv-8 dna was investigated by nested polymerase chain reaction in the cellular fraction of cv secretions from 36 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1)-seropositive and 29 hiv-1-seronegative women. the same patients were tested for antibodies to two defined hhv-8 antigens (latency-associated nuclear ... | 1999 | 10228077 |