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pasteurella multocida lipopolysaccharide: the long and the short of it.pasteurella multocida is a capsulated, gram-negative cocco-bacillus that can cause serious disease in a wide range of mammals and birds. p. multocida strains are classified into 16 serovars based on lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigens. lps is an essential virulence factor of p. multocida; mutants expressing severely truncated lps are completely attenuated in chickens. lps is also a major immunogen of p. multocida and protection against infections caused by p. multocida is generally considered to b ...201121664074
inhibition of capsular protein synthesis of pasteurella multocida strain p-1059.a mutant strain pba322 was constructed by electroporation of phagemid containing coding region of antisense rna of the omph gene, encoding 39 kda capsular protein or omph, into parental strain p-1059 (serovar a:3) of pasteurella multocida and determined the pathogenicity in mice and chickens. grayish colonies of the mutant, indicating loss of capsule synthesis, were observed by the obliquely-transmitted light stereomicroscope when compared to iridescent colonies of the parental strain. moreover, ...201121747216
time-course investigation of infection with a low virulent pasteurella multocida strain in normal and immune-suppressed 12-week-old free-range chickens.twelve-week-old indigenous chickens, either immune-suppressed using dexamethasone (is) or non-immune-suppressed (nis), were challenged with a low virulent strain, pasteurella multocida strain nctc 10322(t), and developed clinical signs and pathological lesions typical of chronic fowl cholera. nis birds demonstrated much more severe signs of fowl cholera than is birds. with few exceptions, signs recorded in is and nis birds were of the same types, but significantly milder in the is birds, indicat ...201122107097
genome sequence of pasteurella multocida subsp. gallicida anand1_poultry.we report the finished and annotated genome sequence of pasteurella multocida gallicida strain anand1_poultry, which was isolated from the liver of a diseased adult female chicken. the strain causes a disease called "fowl cholera," which is a contagious disease in birds. we compared it with the published genome sequence of pasteurella multocida pm70.201121914901
host response in rabbits to infection with pasteurella multocida serogroup f strains originating from fowl cholera.although pasteurella multocida serogroup f has been described as an avian-adapted serogroup, it was recently found in rabbit nests in the czech republic. therefore, the ability of 2 avian p. multocida serogroup f strains to induce disease in rabbits was investigated. two groups of 18 pasteurella-free rabbits were intranasally challenged with strains isolated from chickens and turkeys. half of the animals in each challenge group were immunosuppressed using dexamethasone. all of the challenged rab ...201122210996
[isolation, identification and bioactivity characterization of goose avian beta-defensin 3].the objective of the study was to clone avian beta-defensin (avbd) 3 gene from goose tissues, express the recombinant avbd3 protein in escherichia coli, and determine its antimicrobial activity. the mrna of goose avbd3 was cloned from spleen and bursa of fabricius of the gooses by rt-pcr. the sequence analysis showed that the genefragment of avbd3 contained 182 bp, and encoded 60 amino acids. homology analysis showed that goose avbd3 shared the highest percentage of amino acid homology (100%) wi ...201122506411
capsular serotyping of pasteurella multocida from various animal hosts - a comparison of phenotypic and genotypic methods.one hundred and fourteen strains of pasteurella multocida were isolated from different domestic animals species (cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, pig, rabbit, dog, cat), avian species (chicken, duck, turkey) and wild animals (deer, tiger, orang utan, marmoset). the serogroups of p. multocida were determined by both conventional capsular serotyping and a multiplex pcr assay targeting specific capsular genes. based on the conventional serotyping method, the 114 strains of p. multocida were subtyped i ...201121602769
seroprevalence of newcastle disease and other infectious diseases in backyard chickens at markets in eastern shewa zone, ethiopia.this study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of newcastle disease (nd), pasteurella multocida (pm) infection, mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) infection, and infectious bursal disease (ibd) and to assess the level of concurrent seropositivity during the dry and wet seasons of the year 2010. in total, 234 and 216 sera were collected during the dry and wet seasons, respectively, from unvaccinated backyard chickens at 4 live poultry markets in 2 woredas (districts) of eastern shewa zone, et ...201222399725
identification of the lic1abcd operon that controls the phase-variable expression of phosphorylcholine on lipopolysaccharide from avibacterium paragallinarum.phosphorylcholine (chop) is an important virulence factor found on the surface of many mucosal pathogens and its expression enhances bacterial colonization on mucous membranes and reduces susceptibility to antimicrobial peptides. whole-genome sequencing analyses showed that avibacterium paragallinarum contained an operon with strong sequence similarity to the lic1abcd operon from haemophilus influenzae and the pcgdabc operon from pasteurella multocida; both operons are involved in metabolism and ...201323391184
a 5-year retrospective report of gallibacterium anatis and pasteurella multocida isolates from chickens in mississippi.a 5-yr retrospective study (november 2006-december 2011) was conducted to determine the isolation frequency of pasteurella multocida and gallibacterium anatis and their antibiograms from chickens submitted to the mississippi poultry research and diagnostic laboratory. the number of isolations of g. anatis increased over the last 5 yr in broiler and broiler breeder type chickens. for p. multocida, the number of isolations increased from 2006 to 2010, but decreased through 2011 with all isolations ...201324235226
comparative genome analysis of an avirulent and two virulent strains of avian pasteurella multocida reveals candidate genes involved in fitness and pathogenicity.pasteurella multocida is the etiologic agent of fowl cholera, a highly contagious and severe disease of poultry causing significant mortality and morbidity throughout the world. all types of poultry are susceptible to fowl cholera. turkeys are most susceptible to the peracute/acute forms of the disease while chickens are most susceptible to the acute and chronic forms of the disease. the whole genome of the pm70 strain of p. multocida was sequenced and annotated in 2001. the pm70 strain is not v ...201323672515
identification and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of pasteurella multocida isolated from chickens and japanese quails in brazil.a study was performed to verify the presence of pasteurella multocida in eight different poultry groups of 90 birds each. groups i to iv were chickens (i being > 6 weeks of age with a history of respiratory illness, ii > 6 weeks of age and free of respiratory illness, iii < 6 weeks of age with respiratory illness and iv being < 6 weeks of age and with no respiratory illness. groups v to viii had the matching characteristics of groups i to v but consisted of japanese quails. the p. multocida isol ...201324159299
genital form of pasteurellosis in breeding turkeys infected during artificial insemination and isolation of an unusual strain of pasteurella multocida.a genital and potentially fatal form of pasteurella multocida infection was reported on two turkey-breeding farms on which birds were vaccinated against pasteurella multocida. both outbreaks were linked to the use of semen from young vaccinated toms with a history of respiratory pasteurellosis followed by treatment during rearing. typing by agar gel immunodiffusion and rapid slide agglutination of p. multocida isolated from cloacal swabs was completed by multilocus sequence typing. restriction e ...201324283141
carboxyl terminus heterogeneity of type iv fimbrial subunit protein of pasteurella multocida isolates.pasteurella multocida, a gram-negative bacterial pathogen, known to affect a wide range of domestic as well as wild animal and avian species throughout the world by causing either systemic or localized infections termed as 'pasteurellosis'. p. multocida isolates are known to possess type iv fimbriae (pili) as one of the major virulence factors based on their role in adhesion to host surfaces and subsequent pathogenesis. in the present study, ptfa gene of indian p. multocida isolates (n = 8) orig ...201323813222
a 39-kda capsular protein is a major cross-protection factor as demonstrated by protection of chickens with a live attenuated pasteurella multocida strain of p-1059.the aim of this study was to show that a 39-kda protein or omph of pasteurella multocida strain p-1059 is essential for cross protection. strain pba322, a thinly capsulated strain of p. multocida strain p-1059, was used as a live vaccine in chickens. strain pba322 is a thinly capsulated strain in comparison with the parental strain p-1059. chickens were vaccinated by single injection and then challenge-exposed with strains p-1059 or x-73 at two weeks post vaccination. moreover, immune responses ...201323449462
immune responses and protective efficacy of a novel dna vaccine encoding outer membrane protein of avian pasteurella multocida.avian pasteurella multocida is a causative agent of fowl cholera. two proteins omph and ompa are the major immunogenic antigens of avian p. multocida, which play an important role in inducing immune responses that confer resistance against infections. in the present study, we used pcdna3.1(+) as a vector and constructed dna vaccines with the genes encoding the two antigens mentioned above. these dna vaccines include monovalent (pcdna-omph, pomph and pcdna-ompa, pompa), divalent combination (pcdn ...201323340446
pasteurella multocida in backyard chickens in upper egypt: incidence with polymerase chain reaction analysis for capsule type, virulence in chicken embryos and antimicrobial resistance.the prevalence of pasteurella multocida strains among 275 backyard chickens from different regions of upper egypt was studied. a total of 21 isolates of p. multocida were recovered in 21 out of 275 chickens tested (7.6%) and were confirmed using phenotypic characterisation. somatic serotyping of the 21 isolates resulted in 12 isolates being classed as serotype a:1 (57.14%), 4 as serotype a:3 (19.05%) and 5 could not be typed (23.8%). capsular typing, using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pc ...201322485004
virulence genotyping of pasteurella multocida isolated from multiple hosts from india.in this study, 108 p. multocida isolates recovered from various host animals such as cattle, buffalo, swine, poultry (chicken, duck, and emu) and rabbits were screened for carriage of 8 virulence associated genes. the results revealed some unique information on the prevalence of virulence associated genes among indian isolates. with the exception of toxa gene, all other virulence associated genes were found to be regularly distributed among host species. association study between capsule type an ...201425485303
epidemiology of fowl cholera in free range broilers.fowl cholera, caused by pasteurella multocida, remains a major problem of poultry worldwide. in the current report, we describe an outbreak in free range organic broilers. in addition to culturing samples from dead broilers, we attempted to isolate p. multocida from feral cats trapped on the farm. the isolates were identified by pcr as p. multocida and then serotyped using the heddleston scheme and genotyped using both a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) method and an enterobacterial repetitive ...201424758124
molecular analysis of pasteurella multocida strains isolated from fowl cholera infection in backyard chickens.to characterize pasteurella isolated from backyard chickens using whole cell protein lysate profiles and random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) techniques to show their genetic relationship because pasteurella multocida (p. multocida) is an important cause of fatal infections in backyard chickens.201424144123
infection-interactions in ethiopian village chickens.chickens raised under village production systems are exposed to a wide variety of pathogens, and current or previous infections may affect their susceptibility to further infections with another parasite, and/or can alter the manifestation of each infection. it is possible that co-infections may be as important as environmental risk factors. however, in cross-sectional studies, where the timing of infection is unknown, apparent associations between infections may be observed due to parasites sha ...201425085600
inhibition of growth and alteration of host cell interactions of pasteurella multocida with natural byproducts.pasteurella multocida is a leading cause of fowl cholera in both free-range pasture and conventional/commercially raised poultry. its infection is a serious threat to poultry health and overall flock viability. organic poultry is comparatively more vulnerable to this pathogen. it is a significant cause of production loss and price increase of poultry products, specifically organic poultry products. some plant products are well documented as sources of natural antimicrobials such as polyphenols f ...201424879687
association of swine influenza h1n1 pandemic virus (siv-h1n1p) with porcine respiratory disease complex in sows from commercial pig farms in colombia.porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc) is a serious health problem that mainly affects growing and finishing pigs. prdc is caused by a combination of viral and bacterial agents, such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), swine influenza virus (siv), mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (myh), actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (app), pasteurella multocida and porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2). to characterize the specific role of swine influenza virus in prdc presentation in colombia, 1 ...201425160760
outer membrane vesicles of pasteurella multocida contain virulence factors.pasteurella multocida (pm) is a gram-negative bacterium able to infect different animal species, including human beings. this bacterium causes economic losses to the livestock industry because of its high morbidity and mortality in animals. in this work, we report the characterization of outer membrane vesicles (omvs) released into the culture medium by different pm serogroups. purified omvs in the range of 50-300 nm were observed by electron microscopy. serum obtained from chickens infected wit ...201425065983
protectivity conferred by immunization with intranasal recombinant outer membrane protein h from pasteurella multocida serovar a:1 in chickens.recombinant outer membrane protein h (romph) is a potential fowl cholera vaccine candidate. the present study was aimed at developing romph formulations for intranasal administration. the romph was purified and formulated with either escherichia coli enterotoxin b (ltb) or cpg oligodeoxynucleotides (odn) as an adjuvant. antibody responses in chickens intranasally immunized with romph in combination with 2 different adjuvants were significantly increased (p<0.05) post immunization. chicken surviv ...201525650149
non-clostridium perfringens infectious agents producing necrotic enteritis-like lesions in poultry.necrotic enteritis (ne) produced by clostridium perfringens is amongst the most prevalent enteric diseases of chickens and turkeys. however, several other bacterial, parasitic and viral agents can cause clinical signs, gross and microscopic lesions in poultry very similar to those of ne and the diseases produced by those agents need to be differentiated from ne. the main differential diagnoses for c. perfringens ne include bacterial (clostridium colinum, clostridium sordellii, clostridium diffic ...201627009483
evaluation of immunogenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant ptfa of avian pasteurella multocida.avian pasteurella multocida is the causative agent of fowl cholera, a disease much affecting the poultry industry. in order to study the efficacy of the recombinant subunit vaccine constructed with ptfa gene of avian p. multocida, the ptfa gene fragment amplified by pcr from avian p. multocida was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pet32a and the recombinant plasmid pet32a-ptfa was obtained. the pet32a-ptfa was expressed in escherichiacoli bl21(de3) and the target protein rptfa was pu ...201627822232
florfenicol as a modulator enhancing antimicrobial activity: example using combination with thiamphenicol against pasteurella multocida.synergistic effects between the same class of antibiotics are rarely reported. our previous study found synergistic-like interaction between florfenicol (ffc) and thiamphenicol (tap) against staphylococcus aureus. here, the enhanced antimicrobial activity was evaluated in 97 clinical isolates of both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. susceptible strains were initially identified by checkerboard microdilution assay (fractional inhibitory concentration index [fici] ≤ 0.625), followed by co ...201627065961
genome sequencing of a virulent avian pasteurella multocida strain gx-pm reveals the candidate genes involved in the pathogenesis.pasteurella multocida (p. multocida) was first shown to be the causative agent of fowl cholera by louis pasteur in 1881. first genomic study was performed on an avirulent avian strain pm70, and until 2013, two genomes of virulent avian strains x73 and p1059 were sequenced. comparative genome study supplied important information for further study on the pathogenesis of fowl cholera. in the previous study, a capsular serotype a strain gx-pm was isolated from the liver of a chicken, which died duri ...201627033902
surveillance for pasteurella multocida in ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) after an outbreak of avian cholera and apparently successful antibiotic treatment.avian cholera is a significant disease of domestic and wild birds caused by the bacterium pasteurella multocida (pm). in poultry, a major source of pm infection is chronic carriers, domestic birds that have become infected and recovered or had subclinical infections. although outbreaks of avian cholera in ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) have been reported, the potential for chronic carriers is unknown. to address this, we conducted surveillance for pm in a flock of captive ring-necke ...201626953951
protective efficacy afforded by live pasteurella multocida vaccines in chickens is independent of lipopolysaccharide outer core structure.pasteurella multocida is a major animal pathogen that causes a range of diseases including fowl cholera. p. multocida infections result in considerable losses to layer and breeder flocks in poultry industries worldwide. both killed whole-cell and live-attenuated vaccines are available; these vaccines vary in their protective efficacy, particularly against heterologous strains. moreover, until recently there was no knowledge of p. multocida lps genetics and structure to determine precisely how lp ...201626892738
comparison of the effect of two purification methods on the immunogenicity of recombinant outer membrane protein h of pasteurella multocida serovar a:1.recombinant outer membrane protein h (romph) of pasteurella multocida strain x-73 can be purified using affinity chromatography but this adversely affects its immunogenicity. the current study presents the results from an intervention study comparing the immunogenicity of romph purified using electroelution with romph purified using affinity chromatography and native omph purified using electroelution and a nonimmunized control group. chickens immunized with romph purified using electroelution p ...201626885439
cross-protection conferred by immunization with an romph-based intranasal fowl cholera vaccine.a previous study demonstrated that a recombinant outer membrane protein h (romph)-based intranasal fowl cholera vaccine elicited efficient homologous protection against the pasteurella multocida strain x-73 (a:1) in chickens. the present study aimed to determine the cross-protectivity against heterologous p. multocida strains. the romph was purified via electroelution and formulated with two kinds of adjuvants. the vaccine formulations in a total volume of 100 µl were 100 µg romph with 3 µg of e ...201728421815
development and standardization of an in-house indirect elisa for detection of duck antibody to fowl cholera.serological tests, such as agglutination and indirect hemagglutination assay (iha), have been used to identify antibodies against pasteurella multocida in poultry sera, but none are highly sensitive. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) has been used with varying degrees of success in attempts to monitor seroconversion in vaccinated poultry, but are not suitable for diagnosis. commercial elisa kits are available for chickens and turkeys, but not for ducks. the present study reports deve ...201728844720
the myriad properties of pasteurella multocida lipopolysaccharide.pasteurella multocida is a heterogeneous species that is a primary pathogen of many different vertebrates. this gram-negative bacterium can cause a range of diseases, including fowl cholera in birds, haemorrhagic septicaemia in ungulates, atrophic rhinitis in swine, and lower respiratory tract infections in cattle and pigs. one of the primary virulence factors of p. multocida is lipopolysaccharide (lps). recent work has shown that this crucial surface molecule shows significant structural variab ...201728825691
serological evidence of avian encephalomyelitis virus and pasteurella multocida infections in free-range indigenous chickens in southern mozambique.a total of 398 serum samples from free-range indigenous chickens originating from four villages in southern mozambique were tested for the presence of avian encephalomyelitis virus (aev) and pasteurella multocida (pm) antibodies through commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) kits. aev and pm antibodies were detected in all villages surveyed. the proportion of positive samples was very high: 59.5% (95% confidence interval (ci) 51.7-67.7%) for aev and 71.5% (95% ci 67.7-77.3%) for pm ...201728474290
experimental pathogenicity and complete genome characterization of a pig origin pasteurella multocida serogroup f isolate hn07.pasteurella multocida serotype f isolates are predominately prevalent in avian hosts, but rarely seen in pigs. however, we isolated several strains of p. multocida serotype f from clinical samples of pigs in china. to understand the pathogenicity of these strains, one of the serotype f isolates designated hn07, was used to challenge experimental chickens, as p. multocida of this serotype is predominately prevalent in avian hosts. however, strain hn07 could not resulted in significant clinical si ...201728062004
rapid and sensitive detection of mycoplasma synoviae by an insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction-based assay on a field-deployable device.mycoplasma synoviae (ms), causing respiratory diseases, arthritis, and eggshell apex abnormalities in avian species, is an important pathogen in the poultry industry. implementation of a biosecurity plan is important in ms infection management. working on a field-deployable pockit™ device, an insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction (iipcr) assay has a potential for timely ms detection on the farm. the ms iipcr assay had limit of detection 95% of about 9 genome equivalents by testing seria ...201727389062
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