Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| sulfaguanidine therapy in experimental intestinal coccidiosis (eimeria acervulina) of chickens. | 1949 | 18125960 | |
| the role of the protozoan parasite eimeria acervulina in disease of the domestic chicken. | 1950 | 17648475 | |
| studies on eimeria mivati in chickens and a comparison with eimeria acervulina. | 1967 | 5634116 | |
| [the effect of anticoccidiosis agents against eimeria acervulina in chickens]. | 1967 | 6079431 | |
| [eimeria acervulina coccidiosis in laying hens]. | 1969 | 5388252 | |
| strongly acid intestinal content and lowered protein, carotene and vitamin a blood levels in eimeria acervulina infected chickens. | 1969 | 4316263 | |
| changes in body weight and intestinal absorption during infections with eimeria acervulina in the chicken. | 1970 | 5279125 | |
| [influence of duodenal eimeria acervulina coccidiosis on the free amino acid content of muscle in chickens]. | 1971 | 5001368 | |
| disturbed intestinal absorption of vitamin a and carotenes and the effect of a low ph during eimeria acervulina infection in the domestic fowl (gallus domesticus). | 1972 | 5018202 | |
| eimeria acervulina and macrophage response in chickens: behaviour of the parasite and the host cells. | 1972 | 5071066 | |
| immunization by irradiated eimeria acervulina. | 1972 | 5008847 | |
| the effect of eimeria acervulina on the reproductive potentials of four other species of chicken coccidia during concurrent infections. | 1973 | 4738008 | |
| effects of different infection rates on the oocyst production of eimeria acervulina or eimeria tenella in the chicken. | 1973 | 4761768 | |
| fine structural changes associated with microgametogenesis of eimeria acervulina in chickens. | 1973 | 4773437 | |
| the role of chicken macrophages in the parenteral excystation of eimeria acervulina. | 1973 | 4786839 | |
| mucosal morphology and cellular renewal in the intestine of chickens following a single infection of eimeria acervulina. | 1973 | 4576141 | |
| the effect of dietary crude protein level on intestinal and cecal coccidiosis in chicken. | the effect of interaction of crude protein level in the diet and coccidiosis of the cecum and small intestine of chicks was investigated. a total of 390 day-old chicks were divided in 36 groups of ten and six groups of five chicks each. twelve groups of ten and two groups of six chicks each were fed one of the three diets based on dietary crude protein level (16%, 20% and 24%). all diets contained an equal energy concentration. the chicks were on the appropriate diet for 15 days prior to infecti ... | 1973 | 4266700 |
| effects of eimeria acervulina on intestinal ph in conventional and gnotobiotic chickens. | 1974 | 4205348 | |
| some physiological effects of eimeria acervulina, e. brunetti, and e. mivati infections in young chickens. | 1974 | 4417272 | |
| presence and development of eimeria acervulina in the goblet cells of the duodenal epithelium in experimentally infected birds. | 1974 | 4428879 | |
| fine structure of the schizonts and merozoites of eimeria acervulina in the chicken. | 1974 | 4814788 | |
| the ultrastructure of chick intestinal absorptive cells during eimeria acervulina infection. | 1974 | 4841686 | |
| eimeria acervulina and e. maxima: incidence and anticoccidial drug resistance of isolants in major broiler-producing areas. | 1974 | 4851799 | |
| immune responses to infections with coccidia in chickens: gut hypersensitivity. | sporulated oocysts or oocyst hulls of eimeria acervulina given via the crop, and oocyst juice or sporozoites inoculated directly into the intestinal lumen, were tested for their effects on the hypersensitivity of the intestines of immunized and susceptible birds. only viable sporozoites consistently caused an increase in the permeability of the immunized intestine to macromolecules, shown by the leakage of intravenously injected dye. repulsion of epithelium and disruption of the villi were seen ... | 1975 | 1202410 |
| some mechanisms of reduction of carotenoid levels in chickens infected with eimeria acervulina or e. tenella. | the levels of plasma carotenoids were markedly reduced in broiler cockerels infected with eimeria acervulina or e. tenella. the mechanisms of this depigmentation differed between the two species, being primarily associated with interference of absorption of xanthophyll (carotenoids) from the intestinal lumen with e. acervulina infection and with leakage through the damaged wall of the cecum with e. tenella infection. chicks reared on an essentially carotenoid-free diet and inoculated with e. ace ... | 1975 | 476 |
| effect of eimeria acervulina infection on nutrient retention with special reference to fat malabsorption in chickens. | nutritional balance studies were conducted to determine the effect of eimeria acervulina infection on the retention of nutrients and the efficiency of utilization of protein and energy in the diet during the course of intestinal coccidiosis in chickens. both light and electronmicroscopic studies were conducted to elucidate the pathogenesis of fat malabsorption in the infected chickens. the infection with e. acervulina during the acute phase of the disease (day 4 to day 8 postinfection) caused a ... | 1975 | 164990 |
| [resistance of eimeria acervulina to statil, 3,5-dinitrobenzamide and acylinidrazone]. | 1975 | 1114676 | |
| eimeria acervulina, e. brunetti, and e. maxima: immunity in chickens with low multiple doses of mixed oocysts. | 1975 | 1204712 | |
| scanning electron microscopy of the duodenal mucosa of chickens infected with eimeria acervulina. | the morphology of the duodenal mucosal surface of chickens infected with eimeria acervulina has been studied on days 5, 6, 8 and 11 post-infection and compared with that of the normal duodenal mucosa using the scanning electron microscope. the normal duodenum possessed tall, spatulate villi with horizontally-arranged surface clefts upon which a regular pattern of hexagonal absorptive cells and goblet cell mouths was superimposed. a maximum degree of villous atrophy was shown on day 5 post-infec ... | 1975 | 1187183 |
| infections with eimeria maxima and eimeria acervulina in the fowl: effect of previous infection with the heterologous organism on oocyst production. | judged by oocyst production, infections with eimeria acervulina in birds immunized with e. maxima were consistently higher than in birds which had not been immunized. oocyst production of e. maxima in birds previously infected with e. acervulina was greater, in three out of four experiments, than in control chickens, but some of the differences were slight. the findings are discussed but no satisfactory explanation can be offered. in general there was little or no difference between the oocys ... | 1975 | 1168890 |
| anticoccidial activity of lasalocid in control of moderate and severe coccidiosis. | the fermentation product lasalocid ("antibiotic x-537a," hoffmann-laroche) showed good anticoccidial activity when administered via feed at 50 or 75 ppm in a replicated floor-pen experiment. lasalocid was compared with monensin (121 ppm) ("positive control") and also with unmedicated ("negative") controls in pens heavily seeded or indirectly seeded with eight species of coccidia (eimeria acervulina, e. brunetti, e. hagani, e. maxima, e. mitati, e. necatrix, e. praecox, and e. tenella). under sev ... | 1975 | 1120028 |
| structure and mode of function of the organelles associated with nutrition of the macrogametes of eimeria acervulina. | the macrogamete of eimeria acervulina, lay and developed within the host cell in a parasitophorous vacuole. the cytoplasmic membrane of the host cell bordering the vacuole was not smooth, but it had numerous folds extending into the vacuole. these "intravacuolar folds" varied in depth and number in different sections. in some, the majority of the folds were disconnected from the host cell. once disconnected, they evidently disintegrated forming the amorphous, particulate material present in the ... | 1975 | 1114870 |
| reproduction of the cycle of coccidia eimeria acervulina (tyzzer, 1929) in cell cultures of chicken kidneys. | the cycle of eimeria acervulina was grown in primary culture of cells of three-week-old-chicken kidneys. eht medium (eagle, hydrolysate of lactalbumine, bacto-tryptose phosphate) allowed the development of this coccidium. 44 hours after infestation of the cells with sporozoites, the first schizonts appeared. the merozoites of first generation were released after 54 hours. they invaded the neighbouring cells and developed in them into schizonts of second generation mature after 68 hours. after 72 ... | 1976 | 1027365 |
| studies on site finding and site specificity of eimeria praecox, eimeria maxima and eimeria acervulina in chickens. | sporozoites of 3 species of eimeria were introduced into the caecum of young chickens. e. praecox and e. maxima failed to develop in this site, but light infections of e. acervulina were detected. infection of the small intestine with all 3 species occurred when sporozoites were introduced via the caecum. infections were produced when mucosal scrapings of small intestine from birds, inoculated via the caecum 1-4 h previously, were inoculated orally to susceptible chickens. experiments with 51cr- ... | 1976 | 1012749 |
| eimeria acervulina, e. brunetti, and e. maxima: pathogenic effects of single or mixed infections with low doses of oocysts in chickens. | 1976 | 1269585 | |
| eimeria acervulina, e. brunetti, e. maxima, and e. necatrix: low doses of oocysts to immunize young chickens. | 1976 | 971728 | |
| [influence of eimeria acervulina duodenal coccidiosis on intestinal absorption of lysine and on the movement of water and electrolytes]. | the absorption rate of 14c l-lysine and net flux of water and mineral ions (na+, k+) were studied in 4-week-old male chickens infected with eimeria acervulina (10(6) sporulated oocysts/chicken). intestinal coccidiosis significantly decreased absorption rate of 14c-lysine. this effect was particularly pronounced in the jejunum. net flux of water was also modified: its absorption was decreased in the middle and distal small intestine. in the duodenum a net absorption of water was converted to a ne ... | 1976 | 18777344 |
| changes in the generation cycle of duodenal crypt cells in chickens infected with eimeria acervulina. | changes in the duration of the progenitor cycle and its four phases were determined for duodenal crypt cells in chickens infected with eimeria acervulina. metaphase curves were constructed using percent labelled metaphase nuclei in duodenal crypt cells at short intervals after the injection of [3h]thymidine. the duration of the progenitor cycle and its four phases were calculated using the synthetic index and data obtained from the metaphase curves. the cycle time was reduced from 14 h in contro ... | 1977 | 906627 |
| anticoccidial activity of salinomycin in battery raised broiler chickens. | infections with single species of eimeria acervulina, e. mivati, e. maxima, e. tenella, e. necatrix, and e. brunetti, and the six species mixed, were utilized in three separate battery experiments to evaluate the anticoccidial efficacy of various levels of salinomycin (ahr-3096), a fermentation product of a strain of streptomyces albus. at the 60 to 100 p.p.m. treatment levels, this compound showed significant anticoccidial activity for all parameters studied (mortality, weight gain, feed conver ... | 1977 | 605065 |
| studies on the growth, chemotherapy and enzyme variation of eimeria acervulina var. diminuta and e. acervulina var. mivati. | eimeria acervulina var. diminuta was serially passaged 12 times in chicken embryos, but growth in cultured chick kidney cells was limited to 2 generations of schizonts. after 7 embryo passages the sensitivities of e. acervulina var. diminuta and an embryo-adapted strain of e. acervulina var. mivati to the anticoccidial drugs amprolium, methyl benzyquate, robenidine and sulphaquinoxaline were compared. both parasites were sensitive to all the anticoccidials but e. acervulina var. diminuta was mor ... | 1977 | 927885 |
| influence of dietary aflatoxin on the severity of eimeria acervulina infection in broiler chickens. | broiler chicks (hubbard x hubbard) receiving 2.5 microgram of aflatoxin/g of diet and inoculated with sporulated oocysts of eimeria acervulina gained significantly less weight than chicks receiving either aflatoxin or coccidia alone. aflatoxin alone affected body weight more in females than males. blood parameters, however, showed no sex-related differences to e. acervulina or aflatoxin. e. acervulina had no effect on packed cell volume, red cell number, or hemoglobin levels. gross lesions in th ... | 1978 | 697658 |
| speciation studies with eimeria acervulina and eimeria mivati. | eimeria mivati was described as a new species of chicken coccidia in 1964 by edgar and seibold, but recently some british workers have relegated its status to that of a variety of eimeria acervulina. using strains supplied by dr. edgar, we have prepared lines of e. acervulina resistant to methyl benzoquate, sulfaquinoxaline and robenidine and a line of e. mivati resistant to methyl benzoquate. genetic transfer of resistance between the various lines of e. acervulina to produce doubly-resistant c ... | 1978 | 281483 |
| disaccharidase activity in the intestinal tissue of broilers infected with coccidia. | maltase and sucrase activities were measured in the intestine of broilers inoculated with sporulated coccidial oocysts. infection with eimeria acervulina, e. maxima, e. necatrix, and e. brunetti decreased disaccharidase activity in the intestinal region in which maximum infection was found compared with the activity in uninoculated controls. the maximum reduction occurred on the first or second day of patency followed by a rapid recovery in activity. disaccharidase activity was inversely proport ... | 1978 | 355614 |
| the site of action of the anticoccidial salinomycin (coxistac). | the anticoccidial salinomycin has a cidal effect against chicken coccidia. restricted and unrestricted medication studies and histopathological examinations of chicks infected with eimeria acervulina, e. maxima, or e. tenella showed that parasites were destroyed within host cells during asexual development. most sporozoites failed to become trophozoites and were destroyed 30--72 hr after ingestion of oocysts. the drug also affected schizonts during initial nuclear replication by either destroyin ... | 1979 | 448588 |
| anticoccidial activity of narasin in battery raised broiler chickens. | the anticoccidial activity of the ionophorus antibiotic narasin was tested against six species of coccidia (eimeria acervulina, eimeria mivati, eimeria maxima, eimeria necatrix, eimeria brunetti, and eimeria tenella) in battery-raised broilers. feeding ration medicated with 60, 80, or 100 ppm narasin significantly improved weight gains during the periods of d 0 to d7 and d 0 to d 14 (d 0 = day of inoculation with sporulated oocysts), compared with the weight gains in corresponding inoculated gro ... | 1979 | 530901 |
| incidence of chicken coccidia from broiler houses in japan, 1973-1977. | a survey was made on the incidence of coccidial oocysts in 11,365 fecal samples from japanese broiler houses during five years from 1973 to 1977. the eimerian species were identified by a combination of two methods, examination of oocyst morphology and chicken passage test. oocysts were detected from 7,526 (66.2%) of the samples tested during five years. annual variation was statistically significant at the 5% level. coccidial incidence during july to september (corresponding to summer season) w ... | 1979 | 506554 |
| a reappraisal of the taxonomic status of eimeria mivati edgar and seibold 1964, by enzyme electrophoresis and cross-immunity tests. | an examination of 2 strains of eimeria acervulina var. mivati (since 1973 e. mivati has been regarded as a variant of e. acervulina) showed that previous confusion over the taxonomic status of e. mivati arose because the investigations were done using laboratory cultures of e. mivati which were contaiminated with e. acervulina. electrophoretic analyses of enzymes, host specificity and cross-immunity tests have revealed that: (1) the 1971 houghton strain of e. acervulina var. mivati was a mixture ... | 1979 | 471536 |
| energy and nitrogen metabolism of chickens subjected to infection and reinfection with eimeria acervulina. | 1. the effects of e. acervulina on energy and nitrogen metabolism were studied in respiration chambers on four groups of four broilers aged 16 d: group c was infected with 1.1 x 10(6) oocysts/bird on day 1 and fed ad libitum, while groups a, b and d were pair-fed to group c to day 16 of the experiment. on day 17, groups a and c were given 5.0 x 10(6) oocysts/bird and fed ad libitum, while group b was pair-fed to group a and group d was pair-fed to group c to the end of experiment on day 32. 2. d ... | 1979 | 466524 |
| energy and nitrogen metabolism of chickens infected with either eimeria acervulina or eimeria tenella. | 1. the effects of sublethal infections of e. acervulina and e. tenella on the energy and nitrogen metabolism of groups of five broilers aged 16 d were studied for 16 d in respiration chambers. 2. the metabolisable energy content of the diet for chickens infected with e. acervulina was 0.689 of its gross energy content and n retention was 42.5 g/100 g n intake compared with 0.738 and 47.1 g respectively, in uninfected pair-fed controls. chickens infected with e. tenella were similarly affected. 3 ... | 1979 | 466523 |
| role of coccidia in the occurrence of necrotic enteritis of chickens. | clostridium perfringens type a, eimeria acervulina, and eimeria necatrix were used to produce necrotic enteritis in chickens. the disease was produced in all groups of birds that received feed contaminated with c. perfringens. mortality due to necrotic enteritis was highest (53%) in birds infected with e. acervulina before infection with clostridia. there was a significant difference in mortality rates between birds infected with e. acervulina and birds infected with e. necatrix before infection ... | 1980 | 6254485 |
| total intestinal absorption of glucose and l-methionine in broilers infected with eimeria acervulina, e. mivati, e. maxima or e. brunetti. | the in vitro absorption of glucose and l-methionine in the intestine of broiler chickens was measured 7, 14 and 21 days post-inoculation (p.i.) with sporulated oocysts of eimeria acervulina, e. mivati, e. maxima or e. brunetti. the small intestine of each bird was divided into 8 regions of equal length and absorption was measured on 3 tissue disks of equal size from each region. the absorption rate of each substrate with each coccidial species was measured based on (1) an equal area from each re ... | 1980 | 7393622 |
| studies with eimeria acervulina and e. mivati: pathogenicity and cross-immunity. | pathogenic effects caused by graded doses of recent isolates of eimeria acervulina, e. mivati and a new isolate, thought at first to be e. mitis, were compared. cross-immunity studies were conducted with 3 strains of e. acervulina and 2 strains of e. mivati, together with the new isolate. the results showed marked similarities between e. mivati and the new isolate and clear distinctions between these and e. acervulina. e. mivati produced scattered petechiae but did not form discrete lesions in t ... | 1980 | 7443295 |
| eimeria acervulina infection in the chicken: a model system for estimating nutrient requirements during coccidiosis. | eimeria maxima inoculations of 5 x 10(4) oocysts and e. acervulina inoculations of 2 x 10(5) to 4 x 10(5) oocysts were shown to depress growth by 15 to 20% in young chicks fed crystalline amino acid (caa) diets. the intestinal lesions produced were typical of light to moderate coccidiosis. in one experiment, the performance of chicks fed monensin was increased in the presence, but not in the absence, of e. acervulina. thus, monensin prevented the negative effects of e. acervulina on chick perfor ... | 1981 | 7322984 |
| eimeria acervulina infection in the chicken: sulfur amino acid requirement of the chick during acute coccidiosis. | five assays were conducted to determine whether eimeria acervulina infection would alter the chick's sulfur amino acid (saa) requirement. chicks were housed in heated starter batteries with raised wire floors and fed completely purified crystalline amino acid diets. with light to moderate e. acervulina infection, data were somewhat inconclusive. in assay 1, infected birds responded to levels of saa above those required by healthy birds; but in two subsequent assays no difference in saa requireme ... | 1981 | 7322985 |
| experimental development of resistance of amprolium or dinitolmide in eimeria acervulina and its effect on inhibition of sporulation of oocysts. | 1981 | 7328470 | |
| eimeria acervulina and e. mivati: oocysts, life-cycle and ability to develop in the chicken embryo. | three strains of eimeria acervulina and 3 strains of e. mivati were compared. e. acervulina was characterized by the ovoidal shape of its oocysts and their rapid sporulation, small first-generation schizonts containing few merozoites, and its inability to complete development in the chorio-allantois of chicken embryos. e. mivati had more rounded oocysts with a longer sporulation time, larger first-generation schizonts containing twice as many merozoites and it developed readily in the chorio-all ... | 1981 | 7329717 |
| effect of amprolium and dinitolmide on sporulation of oocysts of field isolates of eimeria acervulina. | a laboratory strain of eimeria acervulina and 9 field isolates consisting principally of e. acervulina were tested for sensitivity to amprolium (125 p.p.m.) or dinitolmide (125 p.p.m.) in the food and for effects of the drugs on sporulation of oocysts. judged by weight gains and lesion scores, medicaments were only partially effective against the 9 field isolates, but were highly effective against the laboratory strain. oocysts were produced in all the infections but the percentage sporulation o ... | 1981 | 7329718 |
| composition of heart, liver, and skeletal muscle from broilers with coccidiosis. | infection with eimeria acervulina, eimeria brunetti, or eimeria tenella affected the composition of the breast, thigh, heart, and liver of 3 or 4-week-old broilers. liver glycogen was significantly increased at 6 and 8 days postinoculation (pi) with e. acervulina. conversely, liver glycogen was decreased at 4 and 6 days pi with e. tenella and was unaffected by infection with e. brunetti. the levels of rna and lipid in the liver were decreased with e. acervulina but unchanged with e. tenella. bot ... | 1981 | 6172783 |
| cytochemical observations on sporozoites of chicken coccidia, eimeria acervulina, e. hagani, e. maxima, and e. tenella. | 1981 | 7328989 | |
| effects of coccidiosis on the electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins in chickens. | the electrophoretic distribution of serum proteins was measured in chickens inoculated with sporulated oocysts of eimeria acervulina, e. tenella, and e. maxima. total serum protein decreased on day 5 and 7 postinoculation (pi) with all three species. however, the changes produced in the individual serum protein fractions differed with the species. in serum from e. acervulina-infected birds, all protein components decreased quantitatively; the largest decrease was in the alpha globulins. the over ... | 1982 | 7077437 |
| eimeria acervulina infection in chicks fed excess copper in the presence or absence of excess dietary methionine. | five experiments were conducted with young, male, crossbred chicks to investigate the effects of experimental eimeria acervulina infection on the efficacy of supplemental cu and (or) methionine when added to a corn-soybean meal diet. duodenal coccidiosis (due to e. acervulina) and supplemental cu (500 and 750 mg/kg) depressed weight gain and efficiency of feed utilization. supplemental cu increased concentrations of cu in liver and gallbladder; experimental coccidiosis resulted in a two- to four ... | 1982 | 7096222 |
| the sensitivity of field isolates of eimeria acervulina type to monensin. | the sensitivity of 32 field isolates of eimeria acervulina to 100 ppm monensin was investigated in birds inoculated with 10(6) or 10(3) oocysts. isolates were obtained from broiler farms where monensin had been used (broiler isolates) and from breeder farms where the drug had never been employed (breeder isolates). the drug was not completely effective against breeder isolates. when broiler and breeder isolates were compared, monensin was less effective against the former irrespective of whether ... | 1982 | 7201192 |
| a preliminary study of the nature of infection and immunity in chickens given an attenuated line of eimeria acervulina. | the houghton (h) strain of eimeria acervulina was attenuated by serial passage through chickens of the first oocysts produced during infection. this selection pressure resulted in a reduction in the pre-patent period of the parasite, shown to be due to the selection of a line predominantly with only 3 instead of 4 generations of schizonts. the precocious line had a reproductive potential much lower than that of the parent strain and it was significantly less pathogenic. chickens given oocysts of ... | 1982 | 7063253 |
| roxarsone toxicity in the chick as influenced by dietary cysteine and copper and by experimental infection with eimeria acervulina. | a series of experiments was conducted with crossbred chicks to determine the effects of l-cysteine, copper, and coccidiosis on roxarsone toxicity. levels of roxarsone in excess of 50 mg/kg depressed performance and increased kidney arsenic concentration. l-cysteine x hcl x h2o (59%) increased rate and efficiency of gain when added to the basal diet, but depressed performance, increased kidney arsenic concentration, and enhanced mortality when added to diets containing toxic levels of roxarsone ( ... | 1982 | 7088802 |
| eimeria acervulina and eimeria tenella infections in ochratoxin a-compromised broiler chickens. | a 2 x 6 factorial experimental design was used to evaluate the effects of coccidial infections in ochratoxin a-compromised chicks. ochratoxin a was incorporated into the feed at the dose levels of 0, .5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 micrograms/g toxin in feed (ppm), and fed to the birds from 1 day of age. birds from each treatment were inoculated with either eimeria acervulina or eimeria tenella at 14 days of age. ochratoxin a decreased the severity of lesions caused by both e. acervulina and e. tenel ... | 1982 | 7100060 |
| the oocyst sporulation time of eimeria species from the fowl. | freshly isolated oocysts were sporulated at 29 degrees c with constant aeration. minimum sporulation time was determined by dosing the developing oocysts at intervals of 1 h to successive groups of chickens to assess the first occurrence of infective forms. microscopic analysis of the sporulating oocysts allowed calculation of the time required for 50% of the oocysts to complete the process. this was considered to be the most accurate determination and the most useful for comparative purposes. f ... | 1983 | 6856329 |
| further investigation of the pathogenicity, immunogenicity and stability of precocious eimeria acervulina. | attenuated lines of eimeria acervulina were isolated between 62 and 72 h post-infection from the houghton (h) strain. the inoculation of small numbers of oocysts of precocious (hp) lines gave substantial protection to light sussex chicks kept on litter against challenge with the virulent h strain. the precocious trait of the 72 h hp line was shown to be stable because the kinetics of oocyst production remained unaltered after 9 consecutive passages through birds in which only late developing ooc ... | 1983 | 6877863 |
| antibodies to coccidia: detection by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | the elisa test was used for the detection of antibodies to coccidia in the serum and/or egg yolk of chickens infected with eimeria acervulina, e. maxima or e. tenella and in the serum of rats infected with e. nieschulzi. antigens prepared from different developmental stages of the parasite were tested and the cross-reaction between different species of eimeria were examined. the variability in cross-reactivity of different species and the advantages and possible applications of the test are disc ... | 1983 | 6355983 |
| [clinical aspects, pathomorphology and histokinetics in experimental eimeria acervulina infection in chickens]. | experiments were carried out with birds experimentally infected with eimeria acervulina. it was found that this causative agent was responsible for catarrhal to hemorrhagic enteritis, however, the feces did not contain blood despite their becoming watery. in the duodenum it was shown to accomplish schizogony three times: the first schizogony took place up to the 72nd hour, the second one--up to the 120th hour, and the third one--up to the 168 th hour. on the other hand, gametogony started at the ... | 1983 | 6659348 |
| freedom of coccidial oocysts from newcastle disease virus. | oocysts were recovered from chickens experimentally infected with the mukteswar strain of newcastle disease virus and eimeria acervulina or e tenella. oocysts sterilised by sodium hypochlorite solution were washed, ruptured and inoculated into embryonating eggs which were examined after five days by the haemagglutination test for virus. all these tests were negative. virus, initially detected with oocysts separated from faeces, was no longer present after sporulation in 2 per cent potassium bich ... | 1983 | 6665322 |
| evaluation of a mixture of trimethoprim and sulphaquinoxaline for the treatment of bacterial and coccidial diseases of poultry. | representative experiments from work undertaken to develop a synergistic mixture of trimethoprim and sulphaquinoxaline for the preventive treatment of certain poultry diseases are described. sulphaquinoxaline in the diet for four days was shown to achieve at least an 85 per cent higher blood level than nine other sulphonamides in chicks, and the efficacies of various trimethoprim/sulphaquinoxaline regimes in the diet or in the drinking water were demonstrated against pasteurellosis, colisepticae ... | 1983 | 6665970 |
| zinc toxicity, zinc deficiency and zinc-copper interrelationship in eimeria acervulina-infected chicks. | three experiments were conducted with young chicks to investigate the effect of duodenal coccidiosis caused by eimeria acervulina infection on zn toxicity, zn deficiency and the interrelationship between zn and cu. the coccidial infection depressed both rate and efficiency of weight gain. dietary zn addition at 2000 mg/kg depressed performance only slightly, but the 4000 mg/kg reduced both gain and gain/feed markedly. the coccidial infection appeared to have an ameliorative effect on zn toxicity ... | 1983 | 6827384 |
| the effects of eimeria acervulina infection on the metabolism of chick duodenal tissue. | broiler chicks, 2--3 weeks old were infected with eimeria acervulina, and the metabolism and ultrastructure of the infected duodenal tissue were studied during the period 3--14 days after inoculation (dai). between 4 and 5 dai duodenal rings showed an increase in c-1/c-6 ratios of co2 evolved from glucose as well as decreases in the rates of oxidation of glucose and octanoic acid. between 4--7 dai mitochondria from infected epithelial layers had reduced rates of octanoic acid and alpha-ketogluta ... | 1984 | 6538718 |
| physiological responses of chicken gut tissue to infection with eimeria acervulina. | although eimeria acervulina parasitizes primarily the duodenum of chickens, in heavy infections the entire small intestine may become distended. this reaction was measured in terms of length, fresh weight, dry weight, and moisture in relation to time postinfection (pi) and dose. increases in percent moisture were apparently associated with numbers of infection sites, because higher doses caused increased moisture in the more distal portions of the small intestine. the first gross intestinal resp ... | 1984 | 6441557 |
| feed additive interactions in the chicken: reduction of tissue copper deposition by dietary roxarsone in healthy and in eimeria acervulina-infected or eimeria tenella-infected chicks. | interactions among roxarsone, copper, and coccidiosis were studied in growing crossbred chicks. corn-soy or corn-soy-corn gluten meal diets were fed in all assays. in the absence of supplemental copper, 50 mg/kg roxarsone did not affect gain. however, in the presence of 250 mg/kg supplemental copper, there was a depression in gain due to feeding 50 mg/kg roxarsone. in contrast, at a toxic level of copper (1000 mg/kg), a growth response resulted from feeding roxarsone. in all instances, roxarsone ... | 1984 | 6473253 |
| drug sensitivity of coccidia from broiler breeder pullets and from broilers in the same integrated company. | coccidia isolated from 12 breeder pullet farms and 18 broiler farms were tested for sensitivity to anticoccidial drugs. the species eimeria acervulina, e. maxima, and e. tenella were common in the isolates and were fully pathogenic. broiler coccidia were generally resistant to zoalene but sensitive to nicarbazin. about half of the isolates had reduced sensitivity to amprolium and monensin. most of the breeder pullet coccidia were resistant to zoalene and amprolium, but almost all were highly sen ... | 1984 | 6743177 |
| genetic variability of resistance to eimeria acervulina and e. tenella in chickens. | the genetic variability of 18 sire families of the athens-canadian randombred population infected with coccidiosis was assessed by examining the response variables of weight gain, packed red blood cell volume, mortality and coccidial lesions. a significant gain and pcv depression and high lesion scores for eimeria tenella and e. acervulina were produced in the infected group compared to the noninfected group. significant variation among the sire families was observed for all of the response vari ... | 1984 | 24257728 |
| does plasmodium gallinaceum induce relapse of eimeria acervulina infection in chickens? | an experiment was carried out to test the hypothesis that chickens previously infected with eimeria acervulina, but having ceased producing oocysts, recommence e acervulina oocyst production when infected with plasmodium gallinaceum. no relapse of coccidiosis was caused by the malarial infection. subsequent treatment with the immunosuppressant betamethasone of the control chicks infected with e acervulina only did not reveal any occult coccidial infection. the results are critically compared wit ... | 1985 | 4070797 |
| the use of intestinal d-xylose absorption and other parameters to determine the pathogenicity of and immunity to eimeria acervulina. | the degree of pathogenicity of eimeria acervulina infection in broiler chickens was evaluated by body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, oocyst production, gross morphologic lesion score, and intestinal d-xylose absorption. the least pathogenic effects, after challenge, occurred in birds immunized with 5 x 10(4) oocysts and challenged on day 14 with 3 x 10(6) oocysts. intestinal d-xylose absorption was found to be a sensitive method for evaluating the effects of coccidial infection and correlat ... | 1985 | 4070123 |
| concurrent infections with reoviruses and coccidia in broilers. | these experiments investigated the interaction among two species of coccidia (eimeria acervulina and e. mitis) and three strains of reovirus (virus 2035, a weak to moderate pathogen; and viruses 2408 and 1733, severe pathogens). when reoviruses were not present, high inoculation dosages (10(6) sporulated oocysts/bird) of both e. acervulina and e. mitis depressed weight gain, plasma pigment, and plasma protein. low doses of coccidia (10(4) oocysts) in the absence of virus had no such effect on we ... | 1985 | 2992439 |
| etiology and pathogenesis of necrotic enteritis. | sporulated oocysts of eimeria acervulina were administered orally to cage-housed broilers at a dose of 3.5 x 10(5) resulted in mild subclinical coccidiosis. clostridium perfringens incorporated in feed at a level of 2.5 x 10(8) organisms/g. produced lesions characteristic of necrotic enteritis. mortality of 8% (7/80) occurred in birds fed a ration inoculated with cl. perfringens alone. mortality of 35% (28/80) was observed in birds which received an oral dose of e. acervulina and which were fed ... | 1985 | 2869608 |
| plasmodium gallinaceum and subsequent eimeria acervulina infections in chickens are not synergistic. | twenty-three years age, the first and only report of synergism between malarial and coccidial infections in chickens was published. in view of the potential commercial importance of this possible parasitic interaction in some parts of the world, and the lack of further supporting publications, this disease complex has now been reconsidered. an experiment on plasmodium gallinaceum and eimeria acervulina revealed no interaction of any kind between these species and a re-examination, with statistic ... | 1985 | 20821868 |
| drug-sensitivity of 99 isolates of coccidia from broiler farms. | coccidia were isolated from 99 broiler farms in 12 broiler-producing states and tested for sensitivity to contemporary anticoccidial drugs. the isolates usually comprised two or more species, including 92 eimeria acervulina, 47 e. maxima, 28 e. tenella, and 10 e. brunetti. based on intestinal-lesion-score reduction of 30% or more, 38% of isolates were resistant to monensin (110 ppm), 29% to salinomycin (60 ppm), 20% to nicarbazin (125 ppm), and 46% to amprolium + ethopabate (125 + 4 ppm). isolat ... | 1986 | 3814006 |
| concentration of 125globulins in intestinal tissues of immunized and non-immunized chickens infected with eimeria acervulina. | 1986 | 3806332 | |
| penetration of chicken peripheral blood lymphocytes by eimeria acervulina sporozoites. | 1986 | 3632104 | |
| physiological responses of chicken gut tissue to coccidial infection: comparative effects of eimeria acervulina and eimeria mitis on mucosal mass, carotenoid content, and brush border enzyme activity. | broiler chicks, 3 to 4 wk of age, were inoculated with either eimeria acervulina or e. mitis, and mucosal dry weights, brush border enzyme activities, and carotenoid contents as well as plasma carotenoid levels were measured at 3, 5, and 7 days postinoculation (pi). at 5 and 7 days pi mucosal dry weights, brush border enzyme activities, and carotenoid contents were significantly decreased at primary sites of infection (duodenum, e. acervulina; lower small intestine, e. mitis). in contrast, at si ... | 1987 | 3684853 |
| identification of immunodominant surface antigens of eimeria acervulina sporozoites and merozoites. | immunodominant surface antigens of eimeria acervulina sporozoites and merozoites were identified by 125i-labeling and immunoblotting studies. using these methodologies 60% of the immunodominant sporozoite antigens and 90% of the immunodominant merozoite antigens were observed to be 125i-surface labeled. however, several major 125i-labeled sporozoite and merozoite proteins did not represent prominent antigens as measured by immunoblotting. immunodominant surface antigens were found over a wide si ... | 1987 | 3670346 |
| effect of eimeria acervulina infection on chick (gallus domesticus) high density lipoprotein composition. | 1. plasma high density lipoprotein (hdl), the principal carotenoid carrier in broiler chicks, was analyzed at zero time and 3, 5 and 7 days after inoculation of chicks with the intestinal coccidial parasite, eimeria acervulina. 2. infection caused significant decreases in total hdl mass from 3 through 7 post-inoculation (pi), and decreases in relative percents of protein and carotenoids, and relative increases in phospholipid and cholesterol esters by 7 days pi. 3. carotenoid content correlated ... | 1987 | 3621900 |
| evaluation of interspecific hybrids of the chicken, guinea fowl, and japanese quail for innate resistance to coccidia. | experimental chicken/guinea fowl hybrids, guinea fowl, and chickens were orally inoculated with eimeria acervulina or e. tenella, which are specific for chickens, or with e. grenieri, which is specific for guinea fowl. no intact oocysts were found in feces within 24 hr of inoculation, suggesting that excystation occurred in the normal and abnormal hosts. no oocysts were found in the feces of hybrids during a 9-day postinoculation period. the guinea fowl passed oocysts of guinea fowl coccidia (e. ... | 1987 | 3442527 |
| lysine and sulfur amino acid utilization in eimeria acervulina-infected chicks as affected by narasin. | the effects of supplemental narasin (80 mg/kg) on several dietary factors were investigated in chicks infected with eimeria acervulina. in trial 1, chicks were fed a lysine-deficient corn-corn gluten meal diet containing graded increments of crystalline l-lysine.hcl with or without narasin. supplemental narasin increased weight gain and feed efficiency at all lysine levels fed. based upon slope-ratio methodology, efficiency of l-lysine utilization was virtually the same in both narasin-fed and c ... | 1987 | 3124089 |
| gut stasis in chickens infected with eimeria. | the duration and locations of gut stasis were examined in chickens infected with either eimeria acervulina or e. maxima. gut passage time (gpt) was used to determine gut stasis. the location of feed retention was determined qualitatively and quantitatively. infections with both species were associated with increased gpt from days 5 to 13 postinoculation. feed appeared to be retained in the crop and gizzard of infected birds when judged visually. however, measurements of total dry matter retained ... | 1987 | 3588493 |
| eimeria spp. of domestic fowl: the migration of sporozoites intra- and extra-enterically. | chickens were dosed orally with sporulated oocysts of eimeria acervulina, e. brunetti, e. maxima, or e. praecox and the subsequent presence, in various tissues, of parasites capable of inducing patent infections was detected by transferring the tissues to coccidia-free recipients. similar results were obtained with each of the 4 species studied, irrespective of whether initial development occurs in the superficial (e. praecox, e. brunetti) or crypt (e. acervulina, e. maxima) epithelium. infectio ... | 1987 | 3598806 |
| effect of dietary buffer additions on gain, efficiency, duodenal ph, and copper concentration in liver of eimeria acervulina-infected chicks. | three experiments were conducted with broiler chicks to investigate the effect of dietary additions of nahco3(1%), a1(oh)3(.5%), kaolin(1%), a1(oh)2naco3(.23%), caco3(.37%), and mgo(1%) on gain, efficiency, duodenal ph, and liver cu concentration of eimeria acervulina-infected chicks. experimental coccidial infection consistently reduced chick gain, efficiency, and duodenal ph, but it increased liver cu concentration of chicks fed excess cu. sodium bicarbonate addition improved chick gain and ef ... | 1987 | 3601861 |
| coccidial infections and gut microflora. | oral inoculations of sporulated oocysts of eimeria acervulina, e. necatrix, e. brunetti, e. tenella, or none were given to five groups of 4-wk-old chicks. fecal samples were taken at 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 14, and 21 days postinoculation and total fecal aerobe, total fecal anaerobe, fecal lactobacilli, and fecal coliform concentrations were enumerated. fecal aerobe concentrations increased 10-fold during the period from 3 to 8 days postinoculation. fecal anaerobe concentrations had small increase ... | 1987 | 3684872 |
| eimeria acervulina: evaluation of the cellular and antibody responses to the recombinant coccidial antigens in b-congenic chickens. | the roles of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) and non-mhc-linked genes in the genetic control of disease susceptibility and the development of protective immunity to eimeria acervulina infection were investigated in six 15i5-b congenic and four different strains of chickens characterized for the mhc. when oocyst production was assessed, wide variations were noted following initial and challenge infections among the strains of chickens tested. in general, 15.n-21, 15.p-13, b21, b19, sc, and ... | 1988 | 3263928 |
| the effect of eimeria acervulina infection on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in young broiler chicks. | in young broiler chicks inoculated with 2 x 10(6) sporulated oocysts of eimeria acervulina per bird, total plasma lipids were significantly depressed compared with controls in the first week after inoculation. the lowest level observed was at 5 days post-inoculation (d.p.i.), at which time the chick host is known to experience malabsorption in the chick host (ruff and wilkins, 1980). analysis of plasma components of infected chicks at 4 and 7 d.p.i. showed that triglycerides, total cholesterol, ... | 1988 | 3212927 |
| eimeria acervulina: dna cloning and characterization of recombinant sporozoite and merozoite antigens. | genes encoding antigens of eimeria acervulina were cloned from cdna expression libraries prepared from the sporozoite and merozoite stages in order to examine humoral and cellular immune responses to this protozoan parasite. two clones expressing surface antigens were characterized by dna hybridization studies to identify homologous genomic dna fragments. the proteins they encode were identified by 125i-labeling, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and t-cell activation experiments. one, designa ... | 1988 | 2835259 |
| role of compensatory gain in eimeria acervulina-induced liver copper accumulation in chicks. | an investigation was conducted to determine whether the eimeria acervulina-induced increase in liver cu accumulation in chicks is the result of compensatory gain that accompanies the recovery phase of infection. in experiment 1, chicks inoculated one time with 1 x 10(6) sporulated e. acervulina oocysts had a faster rate of compensatory gain than chicks inoculated serially on three occasions with 4 x 10(5) oocysts. however, liver cu accumulation was nearly identical for the two infection regimes. ... | 1988 | 3392597 |
| evaluation of the efficacy of maduramacin ammonium in combination with roxarsone and avoparcin in caged broiler chickens. | 1. the anticoccidial activity of maduramicin ammonium (5 mg/kg food) administered alone or with roxarsone (50 mg/kg food) and/or avoparcin (10 mg/kg food) was evaluated in battery-reared broilers artificially challenged with recent field culture mixtures containing eimeria acervulina, e. maxima and e. tenella or e. mivati, e. necatrix and e. brunetti. 2. maduramicin ammonium exhibited a high degree of anticoccidial activity and the addition of roxarsone and/or avoparcin in food at recommended co ... | 1988 | 3409087 |
| influence of coccidiosis on growth rate and feed conversion in broilers after experimental infections with eimeria acervulina and eimeria maxima. | under experimental conditions, the effects of subclinical eimeria (e.) acervulina and e. maxima infections on growth and feed conversion in broilers of different ages were analysed. it was concluded that infection with e. acervulina and e. maxima led to a process which was independent of the age at which the birds were infected. the infection adversely affected growth and feed conversion for 2 to 3 weeks, followed by a recovery period of 2 to 3 weeks when compensatory growth took place. from thi ... | 1988 | 3218068 |