Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| effects of age at infection with serotype 2 marek's disease virus on enhancement of avian leukosis virus-induced lymphomas. | inoculation of susceptible, 15i5 x 7i chickens with serotype 2 marek's disease virus (mdv) at various ages had no influence on the development of avian leukosis virus (alv)-induced viraemia or antibody in chickens infected with alv and turkey herpesvirus (hvt) at hatch. however, the incidence of alv-induced lymphoma (ll) was significantly higher in chickens infected with alv and hvt at hatch and inoculated with serotype 2 mdv up to 6 weeks of age than in chickens receiving serotype 2 mdv at 8 to ... | 1993 | 18671041 |
| avian leukosis virus infection and shedding in brown leghorn chickens treated with corticosterone or exposed to various stressors. | increased levels of plasma corticosterone following administration of the hormone at 1, but not 2, weeks after exposure to avian leukosis virus (alv) at hatching, significantly increased cloacal shedding of alv in chickens that lacked maternal antibody (mab) to alv. exposure of 2-week-old chickens, which had been exposed to virus at hatching, to heat- or cold-stress for 21 days had no effect on alv infection and shedding. mab significantly reduced or eliminated shedding in treated as well as in ... | 1989 | 18679860 |
| response of meat-type chickens to infection with rav-1 avian leukosis virus. | meat-type and white leghorn chickens were inoculated with the rav-1 strain of avian leukosis virus at 1 day of age and the severity of infection was assessed by clinical illness, haematology and post-mortem findings. the following were examined from selected birds: histological section for chronic mononuclear myocarditis, immunohistochemically-stained sections of myocardium, spleen, bursa of fabricius and kidney for group-specific viral antigen, and ultrathin sections of these tissues for virus ... | 1991 | 18680061 |
| endogenous viral genes in a slow-feathering line of white leghorn chickens. | endogenous viruses related to avian leukosis viruses were characterised in three sire families of slow-feathering white leghorns. progeny released infectious endogenous virus when extracts were tested on subgroup e susceptible fibroblasts. restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) indicated germline transmission of ev1, ev5, ev21 and a hitherto unreported locus ev22 among three sire families. the association of ev21 with the release of infectious endogenous virus precluded phenotypic cha ... | 1986 | 18766541 |
| feather pulp organ cultures for assessing host resistance to infection with avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses. | the purpose of this study was to improve in vitro procedures for detecting cellular resistance to the avian leukosis-sarcoma group of viruses. four feather pulp organ cultures (fpoc) were prepared from each chicken by placing pulp squeezed from feathers in wells of microtitre plates that contained culture medium. two of the four fpoc were inoculated with rous sarcoma virus (rsv) of subgroup a and 5 to 6 days later the fluids from all four cultures were assayed for virus by inoculating chicken em ... | 1987 | 18766632 |
| variation in tolerance induction and oncogenicity due to strain of avian leukosis virus. | chickens were inoculated as embryos or orally at hatching with various doses of four strains of avian leukosis virus (alv) subgroup a (rav-1, rpl40, rpl41 and rpl42). viraemia, antibody and tumours in chickens of various groups were compared; alv shedding was determined, but only in chickens inoculated with virus at hatching. results indicate that 95% to 100% of chickens embryonally inoculated with 105 infectious units of virus were viraemic at hatching, regardless of the strain of virus used. h ... | 1987 | 18766653 |
| comparative response of turkeys and chickens to avian lymphoid leukosis virus. | response of turkeys and 151(5)x7(1) chickens to prenatal or neonatal inoculation with the avian leukosis virus rav-1 was compared. virus-inoculated turkeys and chickens developed viraemia and antibody to. rav-1. many of the chickens remained persistently viraemic through the duration of the experiment, whereas in turkeys viraemia was transient. circulating antibodies were detected earlier in turkeys than in chickens. inoculation of turkeys with rav-1 resulted in a high incidence of inflammatory ... | 1983 | 18766780 |
| neoplasms in budgerigars (melopsittacus undulatus): clinical, pathomorphological and serological findings with special consideration of kidney tumours. | according to findings of others and to our own investigations, kidney tumours represent a remarkably high proportion of all tumours in budgerigars. therefore, 74 budgerigars, clinically suspicious for abdominal tumours, were analysed individually by monitoring clinical signs, gross lesions, histology, the expression of the group-specific (gs) antigen of avian leukosis virus (alv), the expression of immunoglobulins m and g, and the distribution of age and tumour incidence. lameness and abdominal ... | 1983 | 18766792 |
| the use of elisa for detection of exogenous and endogenous avian leukosis viral antigens in basic breeding flocks. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for avian leukosis/ sarcoma virus (alv) group-specific (gs) antigens was used to study the identification of hens which congenitally excrete exogenous alv. the sensitivity of this assay was compared with that of the phenotypic mixing test (pmt) and the direct complement fixation test (cft) by testing limiting dilutions of purified avian myeloblastosis virus (amv), embryo homogenates and albumens. about 0.4 ng/ml of purified amv protein could be detect ... | 1983 | 18766804 |
| marek's disease in turkeys: the induction of lesions and the establishment of lymphoid cell lines. | the inoculation of turkeys with large doses of a virulent strain of marek's disease virus (ga strain), but not of two other virulent strains (hprs-16 and jm), was found to induce a disease resembling marek's disease of the chicken. the most prominent lesions were lymphocytic leukaemia and lymphoid and reticular hyperplasia in the spleen and the liver. these developed after a prolonged latent period and the early histological changes (lymphoid cell destruction and reticuloendothelial cell hyperpl ... | 1984 | 18766837 |
| viral aetiology of haemangiosarcoma outbreaks among layer hens. | outbreaks of neoplastic disease defined as haemangiosarcoma occurred among layer flocks of chickens in israel. the disease caused bleeding tumours in the skin and internal organs of young layers, followed by anaemia, cessation of egg production and high mortality up to 20%. avian leukosis virus was isolated from tumour cells which contain several viral dna copies integrated in the cell genome. the isolated virus induced haemangiosarcomas in more than 30% of birds inoculated on the day of hatchin ... | 1984 | 18766881 |
| age related resistance to avian leukosis virus. ii. influence of age at inoculation on mortality and congenital transmission. | six age groups of specified pathogen free white leghorn chickens housed in the same filtered air, positive pressure building, were inoculated at 1 day, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks of age respectively, with a mixture of leukosis viruses of subgroups a and b. birds which died during the experiment were examined for gross and microscopical lesions. the incidence of lymphoid leukosis (ll) in the various groups was inversely proportional to the age of first virus exposure, le., mortality was 62.5% in the ... | 1982 | 18770176 |
| age related resistance to avian leukosis virus. iii. infectious virus, neutralising antibody and tumours in chickens inoculated at various ages. | viraemia and neutralising antibodies were determined in chickens of six age-groups following inoculation with leukosis virus of subgroups a and b at the age of 1 day, and 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks respectively. the birds were kept in a filtered air positive pressure (fapp) house. a seventh age-group, accommodated in a separate fapp-house, was used as an untreated control. serum samples, received at biweekly intervals between 1-17 weeks post-inoculation, from birds of the groups inoculated at 4, 6, ... | 1982 | 18770194 |
| age-related resistance to avian leukosis virus. i. influence of age at exposure on mortality and congenital transmission. | groups of white leghorn chickens were inoculated at 1 day and at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks of age respectively with a mixture of leukosis viruses of subgroups a and b. the five infected groups were kept in a filtered air positive pressure house. a sixth group was accommodated separately in a similar house as a control. all birds which died or were removed were subjected to pathohistological examination; diagnosis of lymphoid leukosis was made upon either gross lesions plus microscopical lesions or mic ... | 1980 | 18770263 |
| role of cell-mediated immunity (cmi) in chickens inoculated with avian leukosis/sarcoma virus. | immunosuppression of chickens infected in ovo with avian leukosis virus (rav-1) by the injection of antilymphocyte serum (als) did not significantly (p > 0.05) alter the incidence or distribution of lesions in chickens between 3 and 6 months of age as compared to control groups. antilymphocyte serum treatment of rous sarcoma virus [rsv (rav-2)]-infected chickens significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited tumour regression and enhanced tumour metastasis. it was concluded that cell-mediated immunity was n ... | 1977 | 18770324 |
| occurrence of different subgroups of avian leukosis virus in finnish poultry. | ten finnish breeding flocks were investigated for occurrence of avian leukosis virus and antibodies. the results show that field isolates representing all 4 main subgroups, a, b, c, and d, of avian leukosis virus have been identified. antibodies to these subgroups are widespread in the country. within 5 of the flocks antibody response to all 4 subgroups was found simultaneously, and there were individual chickens that carried antibodies against 2, 3, and in 2 cases, even, all 4 subgroups at the ... | 1974 | 18777270 |
| an antigen in normal avian cells which confuses virological and serological tests. | a cytoplasmic antigen was detected by fluorescent antibody tests in normal lymphoid and fibroblastic cells from chickens and other avian species when explanted and grown in culture. cells of the bursa of fabricius were consistently positive but cells of a proportion of thymus, spleen, bone marrow, buffy coat and embryo fibroblast cultures also were positive. eight of 19 fluorescein-conjugated chicken sera prepared for other studies on a variety of avian pathogens had antibody against the antigen ... | 1975 | 18777316 |
| development of an endogenous virus-free line of chickens susceptible to all subgroups of avian leukosis virus. | primary chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) from special specific pathogen-free chicken lines are used for detection of contamination of adult or embryonic tissues, meconium, or tissue culture fluids with avian leukosis viruses (alv). the suitability and efficiency of such tests depend on the susceptibility of cef to the various subgroups of exogenous as well as endogenous alv. the ideal cef for such tests should be not only susceptible to all retroviruses, but also free of endogenous viruses so th ... | 2008 | 18939628 |
| survey of endogenous virus and tvb* receptor status of commercial chicken stocks supplying specific-pathogen-free eggs. | endogenous avian leukosis virus (alve) and the alve receptor (tvb*s1) status of six commercial chicken lines supplying specific-pathogen-free eggs were analyzed. all commercial chicken lines are certified free of the avian leukosis virus (alv) by screening for expression of the p27 protein using the standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the commercial chicken lines a, e, and f contained replication competent alve inserts. line a was fixed for alve21, and lines e and f were segregating for ... | 2008 | 18939631 |
| detection of endogenous avian leukosis virus envelope in chicken plasma using r2 antiserum. | immunologic tolerance to oncogenic avian leukosis virus (alv) is mediated, in part, by the interaction of endogenous alv (ev) envelope and immune competent cells. a flow cytometry method is described for detecting the ev envelope in chicken plasma or serum. the method employs two types of target red blood cells (rbc) obtained from chickens lacking ev; rbc susceptible to ev infection (containing ev receptors), and those resistant to ev infection (lacking ev receptors). rbc from susceptible chicke ... | 2000 | 19184801 |
| subgroup j avian leukosis virus infection in turkeys: induction of rapid onset tumours by acutely transforming virus strain 966. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j), isolated in the late 1980s, predominantly causes myelocytic myeloid leukosis in meat-type chickens. in the past 10 years, alv-j infection has become very widespread, causing serious problems to the chicken meat industry. previously, we have shown that turkey cells can be infected in vitro with rous sarcoma virus pseudotypes of alv-j. in this paper, we extend those observations to show that turkey monocyte cultures can be transformed in vitro with acutely ... | 2000 | 19184821 |
| isolation of acutely transforming subgroup j avian leukosis viruses that induce erythroblastosis and myelocytomatosis. | avian leukosis virus of subgroup j (alv-j), isolated in the late 1980s, predominantly causes myelocytic myeloid leukosis in meat-type chickens. in the past few years, we have observed the occurrence of lesions indicative of erythroblastosis in alv-j-infected flocks and, in this paper, we report the isolation of alv-j strains from such flocks. three of these isolates were acutely transforming viruses, as shown by their ability to transform bone marrow cell cultures. the bone marrow cultures trans ... | 2000 | 19184822 |
| isolation of acutely transforming subgroup j avian leukosis viruses that induce erythroblastosis and myelocytomatosis. | avian leukosis virus of subgroup j (alv-j), isolated in the late 1980s, predominantly causes myelocytic myeloid leukosis in meat-type chickens. in the past few years, we have observed the occurrence of lesions indicative of erythroblastosis in alv-j-infected flocks and, in this paper, we report the isolation of alv-j strains from such flocks. three of these isolates were acutely transforming viruses, as shown by their ability to transform bone marrow cell cultures. the bone marrow cultures trans ... | 2000 | 19184842 |
| isolation and identification of avian leukosis viruses: a review. | avian leukosis virus (alv) is the most common naturally occurring avian retrovirus that can cause a variety of neoplastic disease conditions in chickens. in addition to causing neoplasia, alv is known to be associated with reduced productivity and other production problems in affected flocks. biological and molecular assays for the detection of alv are very useful in identification and classification of new isolates, safety testing of vaccines and in testing pathogen-free and other breeder flock ... | 2000 | 19184848 |
| reduction of horizontal transmission of avian leukosis virus subgroup j in broiler breeder chickens hatched and reared in small groups. | transmission of avian leukosis virus, subgroup j (alv-j), from donor chickens inoculated as embryos to simulate congenital infection to uninfected hatchmates was studied in two strains of commercial broiler breeder chickens. chicks of two commercial lines free of alv-j became infected when hatched (1/2 lots positive) or reared (8/8 lots positive) in direct physical contact with alv-j-infected donors. infection also occurred when chicks were exposed in the hatchery to alv-j-infected donors by clo ... | 2001 | 19184958 |
| subgroup j avian leukosis virus-induced histiocytic sarcomatosis occurs only in persistently viremic but not immunotolerized meat-type chickens. | the role of subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv j) infection profile in the development of histiocytic sarcomatosis (hs) in chickens was evaluated using retrospective analysis of 2 experiments involving in ovo and at-hatch inoculation of commercial meat-type and adol line 0 chickens with 100 or 10,000 tcid(50) of various strains alv j. hs was observed only in persistently viremic, meat-type chickens that were inoculated at hatch, but not in immunotolerized (persistently viremic, with no antibod ... | 2009 | 19261641 |
| infectious bursal disease virus persistently infects bursal b-lymphoid dt40 cells. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), an important avian pathogen, exhibits a specific tropism for immature b-lymphocyte populations. we have investigated the ability of ibdv to replicate in chicken b-lymphoid dt40 cells, a tumour cell line derived from the bursa of fabricius of a chicken infected with avian leukosis virus. our results show that ibdv persistently infects dt40 cells. establishment of the persistent infection is associated with an extensive remodelling of the hypervariable regio ... | 2009 | 19264670 |
| retroviral delivery of rna interference against marek's disease virus in vivo. | the process of rna interference (rnai) has been exploited in cultured chicken cells and in chick embryos to assess the effect of specific gene inhibition on phenotypes related to development and disease. we previously demonstrated that avian leukosis virus-based retroviral vectors are capable of delivering effective rnai against marek's disease virus (mdv) in cell culture. in this study, similar rnai vectors are shown to reduce the replication of mdv in live chickens. retroviral vectors were int ... | 2009 | 19531706 |
| detection of avian leukosis virus genome by a nested polymerase chain reaction using dna and rna from dried feather shafts. | the nested polymerase chain reaction (npcr) using frozen feather pulp is useful for detecting fowl glioma-inducing virus (fgv), which belongs to the avian leukosis virus family, and it has recently been suggested that fgv has spread to ornamental chickens kept in japanese zoological gardens. in the current study, the practicality of using dna and rna from dried feather shafts as pcr samples was examined to establish a simple method for tissue preservation. feather shafts were collected from 7 fg ... | 2009 | 19564502 |
| novel avian leukosis virus-related endogenous proviruses from layer chickens: characterization and development of locus-specific assays. | during the course of evolution, vertebrate genomes have been invaded and colonized by retroviruses. in humans, for example, endogenous retroviruses (long terminal repeat elements) occupy roughly twice as much sequence space as essential genes. there are numerous reports in the literature implicating endogenous proviruses in the modulation of host physiology. the fact that many of these host-virus interactions take place in a proviral locus-specific manner speaks to the need for rapid assays for ... | 2009 | 19590071 |
| [sequence analysis for the complete proviral genome of avian leukosis virus (subgroup j) strain sd07lk1 isolated from layers]. | to study the source and trend in evolution of alv-j strains from layers in china. | 2009 | 19623966 |
| simultaneous endemic infections with subgroup j avian leukosis virus and reticuloendotheliosis virus in commercial and local breeds of chickens. | epidemiological studies of subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infections were conducted during 1999 to 2009 on 29 chicken flocks of various commercial and local breeds located in six provinces in china. samples were typically from chickens with myelocytomas or proventricular lesions. alv-j was isolated from 25 flocks including seven out of seven flocks containing "yellow chickens" or other local breeds and several flocks of layer chickens. rev was isola ... | 2009 | 19937533 |
| [isolation and identification of avian leukosis virus-b from layer chickens infected with avian leukosis virus-j]. | two strains of avian leukosis virus subgroup b (alv-b) were isolated for the first time in china hy-line white on the cultured df-1 cells which were inoculated tissue samples from by an elisa assay, a histopathology examination and a pcr-based diagnosis. the results from the elisa assay indicated that the positive rate of serum antibodies to alv-b and alv-j virus were 16.3% (15/92) and 13% (12/92), respectively. the histopathological examination indicated that two types of tumor cells existed at ... | 2009 | 20077935 |
| [isolation and identification of a subgroup b avian leukosis virus from chickens of chinese native breed luhua]. | by inoculation of blood samples in df-1 (c/e) cell culture, an exogenous avian leukosis virus (alv) strain sdau09c2 was isolated from a breeder farm of chinese native breed "luhua" in shandong province. comparisons of the amino acid sequence of env gene gp85 from the isolate with those from other alv reference strains of different subgroups indicated that sdau09c2 had the highest gp85 identity to two reference strains of subgroup b of 92.5%. its gp85 identity to other chicken alv subgroups a, c, ... | 2010 | 20329559 |
| microrna-26a-mediated regulation of interleukin-2 expression in transformed avian lymphocyte lines. | abstract: | 2010 | 20441582 |
| tumors associated with avian leukosis virus subgroup j in layer hens during 2007 to 2009 in china. | in the 3 years leading up to november 2009, 6 different types of naturally occurring neoplasms associated with avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) were diagnosed by histopathology, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and immunohistochemistry (ihc) in 140 layer hens out of approximately 100,000. the most prevalent tumor type was hemangioma (50%) in commercial layer flocks; the second most prevalent neoplasm type was myelocytoma (38.6%); a small number of alv-j positive lymphomas (4.3%) that were ... | 2010 | 20467208 |
| subgroup j avian leukosis virus neutralizing antibody escape variants contribute to viral persistence in meat-type chickens. | we have previously demonstrated a high incidence of chickens with persistent viremia even in the presence of neutralizing antibodies (v+a+) against the inoculated parental virus in commercial meat-type chickens inoculated at hatch with subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv j) field isolates. in this study, we used an alv j molecular clone, adol pr5-4, to determine the role of neutralizing antibody (nab) escape mutants in maintaining a high incidence of viral persistence, namely, v+a+ infection pr ... | 2010 | 20608529 |
| detection of avian leukosis virus subgroups in albumen of commercial and native fowl eggs using rt-pcr in iran. | avian leukosis viruses (alvs) belong to alpharetrovirus genus of the family retroviridae that are widespread in nature. different subgroups of alv commonly infect egg-laying hens. they are responsible for economic losses due to both mortality and depressed performance in chickens. to investigate the presence of these viruses in chickens in iran, 560 egg albumens were selected from different farms of fars province, iran. these eggs were obtained from flocks of two research centers of native fowl ... | 2010 | 20640887 |
| recombinant avian leukosis viruses of subgroup j isolated from field infected commercial layer chickens with hemangioma and myeloid leukosis possess an insertion in the e element. | five isolates (js09gy2, js09gy3, js09gy4, js09gy5, and js09gy6) of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) were isolated from six infected commercial layer flocks displaying both hemangioma and myeloid leukosis (ml), which shared the same parental line, in china in 2009. | 2010 | 20676760 |
| avian leukosis virus subgroup j in layer chickens, china. | 2010 | 20875300 | |
| forensic investigation of a 1986 outbreak of osteopetrosis in commercial brown layers reveals a novel avian leukosis virus-related genome. | avian leukosis virus (alv) is known to cause several neoplastic conditions in chickens, such as b-cell lymphomas, myelocytomas, erythroblastosis, and other types of neoplasia including osteopetrosis. we describe herein the identification of unique alv-related proviral dna sequences in an archived chicken bone affected with osteopetrosis. the osteopetrotic bone was obtained from an affected 46-week-old brown layer during an outbreak of osteopetrosis in costa rica in 1986. analysis of proviral dna ... | 2010 | 20945777 |
| pathology and microbiology of dermal squamous cell carcinoma in young brown chickens reared on reused litter. | dermal squamous cell carcinoma (dscc) was found in young brown chicken flocks reared on reused litter in japan. dscc was often detected at slaughter from april 2007 to march 2009, especially in june and july 2007. no dscc was observed in the broiler chickens on the farms. twelve 11-wk-old brown chickens with dscc were investigated pathologically and microbiologically. various degrees of crater-like skin lesions were found on the back, waist, neck, legs, abdomen, and wings of the carcasses. the f ... | 2010 | 20945801 |
| isolation and identification of a subgroup a avian leukosis virus from imported meat-type grand-parent chickens. | an exogenous avian leukosis virus (alv) strain sdau09c1 was isolated in df-1 cells from one of 240 imported 1-day-old white meat-type grand parent breeder chicks. inoculation of sdau09c1 in alv-free chickens induced antibody reactions specific to subgroup a or b. but gp85 amino acid sequence comparisons indicated that sdau09c1 fell into subgroup a; it had homology of 88.8%-90.3% to 6 reference strains of subgroup a, much higher compared to other subgroups including subgroup b. this is the first ... | 2010 | 20960310 |
| [sequence and promoter efficacy analysis of avian leukosis virus subgroup j strains of different pathotypes]. | to characterize the long terminal repeat (ltr) of the alv-j strain which can induce hemangioma, fragments of provirus ltr of the three different alv-j strains scau-hn06, nx0101 and js-nt were amplified with a pair of specific primers, then cloned and subjected to sequence analysis. in comparison with the prototype alv-j strains hprs-103 and adol-7501, the ltrs of domestic strains (scau-hn06, nx0101, js-nt and sd07lk1) had an 88.0%-97.2% nucleotide sequence identity; the u5 and r regions in the l ... | 2010 | 21043142 |
| haemangiomas, leiomyosarcoma and myeloma caused by subgroup j avian leukosis virus in a commercial layer flock. | an outbreak of simultaneously occurring haemangiomas, leiomyosarcoma and myeloma was observed in a commercial layer flock in china. the sick chickens were extremely thin and dehydrated. scattered haemangiomas were found on the claws, breast and wings. at necropsy, haemangiomas and some other nodular tumours were also found in the internal organs. in addition, diffuse enlargement of the liver and spleen appeared in some birds. histopathologically, haemangiomas were typically cavernous haemangioma ... | 2010 | 21087914 |
| [full-length cdna sequence analysis of avian leukosis viruses subgroup j isolated from chickens with clinical hemangioma]. | to understand the molecular characteristics of subgroup j avian leukosis viruses (alv-j) isolated from chickens with clinical hemangioma, as well as to get more information for controlling the spread of alv-j in layer chickens flocks. | 2010 | 21090269 |
| myxosarcomas associated with avian leukosis virus subgroup a infection in fancy breed chickens. | formalin-fixed suspect tumors were submitted to the poultry diagnostic and research center at the university of georgia (athens, ga) for diagnosis. samples were from fancy breed chickens with a history of increased tumor prevalence in both hens and roosters. microscopically, in all the samples, there were neoplastic proliferations of spindle-shaped cells. the matrix surrounding tumor cells stained positively with alcian blue at ph 2.5, but neoplastic cells did not stain with periodic acid-schiff ... | 2010 | 21313858 |
| a duplex real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection and quantitation of avian leukosis virus subgroups a and b. | avian leukosis is a disease that is spreading widely in the world causing large economic losses to the poultry industry. in this study, a duplex quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr) assay was developed to detect and quantify avian leukosis virus subgroups a and b (alva/b). the assay was optimised to measure viral gp85 and chicken housekeeping (ß-actin) genes. the result showed that the assay was specific for reference strains of alva/b subtype and no c ... | 2011 | 21349288 |
| molecular identification of avian leukosis virus subgroup e loci and tumor virus b locus in chinese indigenous chickens. | avian leukosis virus (alv) subgroup e (alve) is an endogenous retrovirus in the chicken genome. the chickens carrying alve locus 3 (alve3), 6 (alve6), 9 (alve9), and 21 (alve21) have been proved to be susceptible to alv. tumor virus locus b (tvb) encodes the cellular receptor for alv subgroups b, d, and e. the insertions of the 4 alve loci and the genotypes of tvb have not been demonstrated in chinese indigenous chicken breeds. in the present study, the existence of alve3, alve6, alve9, and alve ... | 2011 | 21406360 |
| the pi3k/akt pathway is involved in early infection of some exogenous avian leukosis viruses. | avian leukosis virus (alv) is an enveloped and oncogenic retrovirus. avian leukosis caused by the members of alv subgroups a, b and j has become one of the major problems challenging the poultry industry in china. however, the cellular factors such as signal transduction pathways involved in alv infection are not well defined. in this study, our data demonstrated that alv-j strain nx0101 infection in primary chicken embryo fibroblasts or df-1 cells was correlated with the activity and phosphoryl ... | 2011 | 21450945 |
| [mono-specific serum preparation and specificity of gp85 gene of subgroup a avian leukosis virus]. | in order to get a rapid specific diagnostic reagent for subgroup a avian leukosis virus detection. | 2011 | 21465800 |
| isolation and characterization of emerging subgroup j avian leukosis virus associated with hemangioma in egg-type chickens. | subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j), first isolated in 1989, predominantly causes myeloid leukosis (ml) in meat-type or egg-type chicken. since 2006, the clinical cases of hemangioma rather than ml in commercial layer flocks associated with alv-j have been reported, but it was still not clear whether the novel oncogenic alv-j had emerged. we characterized scau-hn06 isolate of alv-j from hemangioma in commercial roman layers through animal experiment and full-length proviral genome sequence a ... | 2011 | 21632189 |
| differentially expressed genes in a flock of chinese local-breed chickens infected with a subgroup j avian leukosis virus using suppression subtractive hybridization. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) is a new type of virus that mainly induces myeloid leukosis (ml) in chickens. to further elucidate the pathogenesis of alv-j infection and tumor development, expression profiles from the bone marrow tissue of 15 infected and 18 non-infected birds from a local-breed poultry-farm under naturally infected conditions, were analyzed by suppression-subtractive hybridization. the birds were diagnosed as ml+ (or ml-) by specific alv-j detection methods, involving ... | 2010 | 21637603 |
| an alv-j isolate is responsible for spontaneous haemangiomas in layer chickens in china. | subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j), first isolated in 1989, mainly induces tumours of myeloid leukosis (ml) in meat-type chickens. in 2006, alv-j strain scau-hn06 was isolated from commercial layer hens with spontaneous haemangiomas in china. to confirm its role in the induction of haemangioma, we constructed a full-length copy of the proviral genome from scau-hn06, recovered virus from df-1 cells detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, characterized its growth property and investiga ... | 2011 | 21711185 |
| the early history of tumor virology: rous, rif, and rav. | one hundred years ago peyton rous recovered a virus, now known as the rous sarcoma virus (rsv), from a chicken sarcoma, which reproduced all aspects of the tumor on injection into closely related chickens. there followed recovery of causal viruses of tumors of different morphology from 4 more of 60 chicken tumors. subsequent studies in chickens of the biology of the first rsv isolated moved slowly for 45 y until an assay of ectodermal pocks of the chorioallantoic membrane of chicken embryos was ... | 2011 | 21813762 |
| Pathogenicity of avian leukosis viruses related to fowl glioma-inducing virus. | Fowl glioma-inducing virus (FGV), which belongs to avian leukosis virus subgroup A, causes the so-called fowl glioma and cerebellar hypoplasia in chickens. In the present study, the complete nucleotide sequences of four isolates (Tym-43, U-1, Sp-40 and Sp-53) related to the FGV prototype were determined and their pathogenicity was investigated. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 3'-long terminal repeat of all isolates grouped together in a cluster, while sequences of the surface (SU) proteins ... | 2011 | 21854177 |
| the critical time of avian leukosis virus subgroup j-mediated immunosuppression during early stage infection in specific pathogen-free chickens. | the critical time of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j)-mediated immunosuppression was determined by body weight, relative immune organ weight, histopathology, and presence of group specific antigen and antibodies in specific pathogen-free (spf) chickens. cd4(+) and cd8(+) cell activity in the spleen, total and differential leukocyte counts in blood, and viral rna levels in spleen were measured. significant growth suppression was observed in the two alv-j-infected groups. a strong immune re ... | 2011 | 21897096 |
| development and validation of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of avian leukosis virus antibodies based on a recombinant capsid protein. | avian leukosis virus (alv) is associated with tumor development and growth retardation in poultry. eradication of virus infection at the primary breeder level is the principal method for controlling alv infection in chickens. an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ielisa) method that utilized the prokaryotically expressed and affinity-purified viral capsid protein antigen p27 was developed for the detection of alv-specific antibodies in chicken sera. the protocol of ielisa was validated ... | 2011 | 21908361 |
| [comparison of whole genome sequences and replication ability in cell cultures between two avian leukosis viruses of subgroup b]. | the purpose of this study was to compare the whole genome sequences and replication dynamics in cell cultures of two avian leukosis viruses of subgroup b (alv) isolates, sdau09e3 and sdau09c2. comparison of the amino acid sequences indicated that the gp85 identity of these two subgroup b isolates was 95.4%, the identity with other three alv-b reference strains was 91.0%-94.9%, and less than 87.9% with alv subgroup a, c, d, e and j. comparison of the nucleotide sequence of gag and pol genes indic ... | 2011 | 21998957 |
| Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of glycoprotein GP85 of ALV-J isolates from Mainland China between 1999 and 2010: Coexistence of two extremely different subgroups in layers. | Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J), first isolated in 1989, preferentially infects meat-type birds. However, layer flocks in China have experienced outbreaks of this virus since 2008. To understand the genetic diversity of ALV-J in Chinese layers, we compared and analyzed the GP85 gene sequences of 106 ALV-J isolates that were isolated between 1999 and 2010 in Mainland China. The GP85 gene sequences of 41 layer isolates collected from 9 provinces of China between 2008 and 2010 belonged to t ... | 2011 | 22101092 |
| rapid detection of marek's disease viral genome in chicken feathers by loop mediated isothermal amplification (lamp). | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method for the rapid detection of serotype 1 marek's disease virus (mdv) was developed. the method used a set of three pairs of primers to amplify the meq gene for detecting serotype 1 mdv. the mdv lamp method did not cross-react with serotype 2 and serotype 3, nor did the lamp primers have binding sites for the common avian dna viruses (reticuloendotheliosis virus, chicken anemia virus, subgroup j of the avian leucosis virus). additionally, the as ... | 2011 | 22170920 |
| novel sequences of subgroup j avian leukosis viruses associated with hemangioma in chinese layer hens. | abstract: background: avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) preferentially induces myeloid leukosis (ml) in meat-type birds. since 2008, many clinical cases of hemangioma rather than ml have frequently been reported in association with alv-j infection in chinese layer flocks. results: three alv-j strains associated with hemangioma were isolated and their proviral genomic sequences were determined. the three isolates, jl093-1, sd09dp03 and hlj09mdj-1, were 7670, 7670, and 7633 nt in length. t ... | 2011 | 22185463 |
| molecular epidemiology of avian leukosis virus subgroup j in layer flocks in china. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) was first isolated from meat-type chickens in 1988. no field cases of alv-j infection and tumors in layer chickens were observed worldwide until 2004. however, layer flocks in china have experienced outbreaks of this virus in recent years. the molecular epidemiology of alv-j strains isolated from layer flocks was investigated. the env genes of 77.8% (21/27) of the alv-j layer isolates with a high degree of genetic variation were significantly different fro ... | 2011 | 22205787 |
| [correlation between tcid50 and p27 antigen of avian leukosis virus subgroup j]. | to study the correlation between 50% tissue-culture infective dose (tcid50) value and p27 antigen s/p value of avian leukosis virus subgroup j and discuss their significance, chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) cells were inoculated with avian leukosis virus subgroup j strain nx0101 and samples were tested continuously for ten days after changing maintenance media. the correlation between tcid50 and p27 antigen s/p value of ten days were then analysized. simultaneously, df-1 cells were inoculated wi ... | 2011 | 22263263 |
| response of white leghorn chickens to infection with avian leukosis virus subgroup j and infectious bursal disease virus. | the effects of viral-induced immunosuppression on the infectious status (viremia and antibody) and shedding of avian leukosis virus (alv) were studied. experimental white leghorn chickens were inoculated with alv subgroup j (alv-j) and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) at day of hatch with the alv-j adol prototype strain hcl, the lukert strain of ibdv, or both. appropriate groups were exposed a second time with the lukert strain at 2 wk of age. serum samples were collected at 2 and 4 wk of ... | 2012 | 22545522 |
| molecular characteristics and pathogenicity of an avian leukosis virus isolated from avian neurofibrosarcoma. | peripheral nerve sheath tumors (pnsts) are rare in chickens and their etiology remains to be elucidated. in this study, a naturally occurring pnst in a japanese native fowl (gallus gallus domesticus) was pathologically examined and the strain of avian leukosis virus (alv) isolated from the neoplasm was characterized by molecular biological analysis. the fowl presented with a firm subcutaneous mass in the neck. the mass, connected to the adjacent spinal cord (c9-14), was microscopically composed ... | 2012 | 22545526 |
| differential detection of avian oncogenic viruses in poultry layer farms and turkeys by use of multiplex pcr. | avian oncogenic viruses include marek's disease virus (mdv), a highly contagious herpesvirus, as well as retroviruses such as avian leukosis virus (alv) subgroups a to j and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev). in this study, we examined the incidence of these viruses in suspected samples collected from poultry layer farms of south india, mainly in the namakkal district of tamil nadu, a highly dense poultry-growing area in india. the histopathology-positive tissue sections were identified and furt ... | 2012 | 22675132 |
| epidemiological study of fowl glioma-inducing virus in chickens in asia and germany. | fowl glioma-inducing virus (fgv), which belongs to avian leukosis virus (alv) subgroup a, induces fowl glioma. this disease is characterized by multiple nodular gliomatous growths of astrocytes and has been previously reported in europe, south africa, australia, the united states and japan. fgv and fgv variants have spread to ornamental japanese fowl, including japanese bantams (gallus gallus domesticus), in japan. however, it is unclear how and where fgv emerged and whether fgv is related to th ... | 2012 | 22702458 |
| aberrant expression of liver microrna in chickens infected with subgroup j avian leukosis virus. | subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j) is an oncogenic retrovirus primarily causing myeloid leukosis (ml) in broilers. although alv is well under control in a few countries including the usa, poultry industry in many parts of the world continues suffering from serious economic loss due to sporadic or widespread alv infection, especially alv-j infection. alv-j infection of chickens is reportedly mediated by a cellular receptor. so far, however, no genetic variant of the receptor gene that confer ... | 2012 | 22800510 |
| complete genome sequence of an avian leukosis virus isolate associated with hemangioma and myeloid leukosis in egg-type and meat-type chickens. | subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j) was first isolated from meat-type chickens that developed myeloid leukosis (ml). in recent years, field cases of hemangioma (he) or he and ml, rather than ml alone, have been reported in commercial layer flocks exposed to alv-j with a high incidence in china. here we report the complete genomic sequence of an alv-j isolate that caused both he and ml in egg-type and meat-type chickens in china. these findings will provide additional insights into the molecu ... | 2012 | 22966196 |
| a 205-nucleotide deletion in the 3' untranslated region of avian leukosis virus subgroup j, currently emergent in china, contributes to its pathogenicity. | in the past 5 years, an atypical clinical outbreak of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j), which contains a unique 205-nucleotide deletion in its 3' untranslated region (3'utr), has become epidemic in chickens in china. to determine the role of the 205-nucleotide deletion in the pathogenicity of alv-j, a pair of viruses were constructed and rescued. the first virus was an alv-j chinese isolate (designated hlj09sh01) containing the 205-nucleotide deletion in its 3'utr. the second virus was a ... | 2012 | 22993155 |
| reversion to subgroup j avian leukosis virus viremia in seroconverted adult meat-type chickens exposed to chronic stress by adrenocorticotrophin treatment. | chickens infected with subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv j) early in posthatch life develop viremia followed by a neutralizing antibody (nab) response that may or may not be able to clear the viremia. occasionally, chickens that do clear viremia by developing an efficient nab response revert to viremia, and the factors responsible for this reversion are not clear. in this study, it was hypothesized that stress can cause seroconverted viremia-free chickens to revert to viremia. adult (52-wk-ol ... | 2012 | 23050477 |
| differential expression of micrornas in avian leukosis virus subgroup j-induced tumors. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) has become pandemic and induced serious clinical outbreaks in chickens in china. in particular, alv-j induced various clinical tumors in infected chickens, which caused enormous economic losses to poultry. in this study, an infectious clone from an epidemic alv-j chinese isolate designated hlj09sh01 was constructed and rescued. the rescued virus (named rhlj09sh01) was inoculated into specific-pathogen-free (spf) layer chickens, and infected chickens were o ... | 2013 | 23157947 |
| development of an antigen-capture elisa for the detection of avian leukosis virus p27 antigen. | an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ac-elisa) employing monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against p27 was developed for the detection of the avian leukosis virus (alv). the specificity of the optimized ac-elisa was evaluated using avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j), avian leukosis virus subgroup a (alv-a), avian leukosis virus subgroup b (alv-b), avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), marek's disease virus (mdv), avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv), fowlpo ... | 2013 | 23201286 |
| [identification of a new subgroup of avian leukosis virus isolated from chinese indigenous chicken breeds]. | in order to clarify avian leukosis virus (alv) characteristics from chinese native chicken breeds, three alv js11c1, js11c2 and js11c3 were isolated from chinese native breed "luhua" by inoculation of df1 cell culture and detection of p27 antigen. using pcr amplification of env gene, the amplified gp85 genes were analyzed and compared to all six chicken alv subgroups reported. the gp85 genes of these three viruses were 1 005bp in length and encoded 335 amino acids, and the gp37 genes were 609bp ... | 2012 | 23367558 |
| detection of avian retroviruses in vaccines by amplification on df-1 cells with immunostaining and fluorescent product-enhanced reverse transcriptase endpoint methods. | in order to ensure the safety of vaccines produced on avian cells, rigorous testing for the absence of avian retroviruses must be performed. current methods used to detect avian retroviruses often exhibit a high invalid-test/false-positive rate, rely on hard-to-secure reagents, and/or have readouts that are difficult to standardize. herein, we describe the development and validation of two consistent and sensitive methods for the detection of avian retroviruses in vaccines: viral amplification o ... | 2013 | 23467603 |
| avian leukosis virus subgroup j associated with the outbreak of erythroblastosis in chickens in china. | emaciation, depression and lethargy were observed in two flocks of chinese local breed and one flock of commercial layer chicken infected naturally from 2010 to 2011. the aims of this study were to diagnose. | 2013 | 23521848 |
| reproduction of hemangioma by infection with subgroup j avian leukosis virus: the vertical transmission is more hazardous than the horizontal way. | clinical cases of hemangioma associated with subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j) have been reported in commercial chicken layer flocks since 2006. we attempted to reproduce hemangioma through experimental infection with alv-j to evaluate viral pathogenicity in layer birds and their progenies. | 2013 | 23537218 |
| the passage of cells can improve the detection rate of avian leukosis virus to facilitate the elimination of avian leukosis in chickens. | avian leukosis (al) is one of the most harmful diseases to the poultry industry in china. the detection of the avian leukosis virus (alv) p27 antigen plays a decisive role in the elimination of avian leukosis. to explore the influence of passaging cells on the detection rate of the alv p27 antigen, 21 aseptic anticoagulated blood samples were collected from 21 chickens for which the cloacal swabs were positive for the p27 antigen to inoculate two sets of cell culture plates containing df1 cells. ... | 2013 | 23607085 |
| development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to subgroup a avian leukosis virus. | avian leukosis virus subgroup a (alv-a) is a retrovirus which infects egg-type chickens and is the main pathogen of lymphoid leukosis (ll) and myeloid leukosis (ml). in order to greatly enhance the diagnosis and treatment of clinical avian leukemia, two monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to alv-a were developed by fusion between sp2/0 and spleen cells from mice immunized with expressed alv-a env-gp85 protein. using immunofluorescence assay (ifa), two mabs reacted with alv-a, but not with subgroups b a ... | 2014 | 23615298 |
| different quasispecies with great mutations hide in the same subgroup j field strain of avian leukosis virus. | blood samples were collected from a local strain of chickens associated with serious tumor cases in shandong province. the samples were inoculated into chicken embryo fibroblast and df-1 cells for virus isolation and identification, respectively. the inoculated cells were screened for three common chicken tumor viruses. nine strains of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) were identified, and were designated ly1201-ly1209. the env gene from the ly1201 strain was amplified and cloned. all nine ... | 2013 | 23633073 |
| development of a new duplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of dicer in g. gallus. | recently, there has been a growing body of evidence showing that cellular micrornas (mirnas) are involved in virus-host interactions. numerous studies have focused on analyses of the expression profiles of cellular mirnas, but the expression patterns of dicer, which is responsible for the generation of mirnas, have only rarely been explored in gallus gallus. we developed a duplex realtime reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rtpcr) assay for the relative quantification of the mrnas o ... | 2013 | 23648851 |
| nonconserved tryptophan 38 of the cell surface receptor for subgroup j avian leukosis virus discriminates sensitive from resistant avian species. | subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j) is unique among the avian sarcoma and leukosis viruses in using the multimembrane-spanning cell surface protein na(+)/h(+) exchanger type 1 (nhe1) as a receptor. the precise localization of amino acids critical for nhe1 receptor activity is key in understanding the virus-receptor interaction and potential interference with virus entry. because no resistant chicken lines have been described until now, we compared the nhe1 amino acid sequences from permissiv ... | 2013 | 23698309 |
| subgroup j avian leukosis virus infection inhibits autophagy in df-1 cells. | subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j) infection can induce tumor-related diseases in chickens. previous studies by our laboratory demonstrated that alv-j infection of df-1 cells resulted in altered activity and phosphorylation of akt. however, little is known about the subsequent activation of host df-1 cells. | 2013 | 23773913 |
| characterization of insertion sites and development of locus-specific assays for three broiler-derived subgroup e avian leukosis virus proviruses. | this report deals with the identification of novel elements belonging to a family of endogenous retroviruses, designated endogenous avian leukosis virus-type proviral elements (alve), that reside in the genome of the chicken and are closely related to exogenous avian leukosis viruses. the study of alve elements in the chicken genome serves as a model system for understanding the interplay between endogenous viruses and their vertebrate hosts in general, including humans. in this report, we chara ... | 2013 | 23796057 |
| maternal antibody induced by recombinant gp85 protein vaccine adjuvanted with cpg-odn protects against alv-j early infection in chickens. | in this study, the efficacy of a recombinant protein vaccine encoding the gp85 gene from the subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j) co-administered with cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotide (cpg-odn) or freund's adjuvants was investigated for the protection against early alv-j infection in chickens. the gp85 gene from alv-j was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and the recombinant protein was expressed in escherichia coli. the purified recombinant protein was injected ... | 2013 | 23831319 |
| isolation, identification, and phylogenetic analysis of two avian leukosis virus subgroup j strains associated with hemangioma and myeloid leukosis. | cases of myeloid leukosis and hemangioma associated with avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) are becoming more frequent in china in commercial layer chickens and breeders of egg-type chickens. in this study, two strains of alv-j (scau11-h and scau11-xg) associated with hemangioma and myelocytoma were isolated from commercial broiler breeder animals in 2011. their full-length proviral sequences were analyzed, revealing several unique genetic differences between the two isolates, and suggestin ... | 2013 | 23876931 |
| identification of two novel multiple recombinant avian leukosis viruses in two different lines of layer chicken. | avian leukosis virus (alv) is the most common oncogenetic retrovirus that emerges spontaneously as a result of recombination between exogenous viruses, exogenous viruses and endogenous viruses, and exogenous viruses and non-homologous cellular genes. in the present study, two natural recombinant avian leukosis viruses (ralvs) (lc110515-5 and lc110803-5) carrying a subgroup c gp85 gene, a subgroup e gp37 gene, and a subgroup j 3'utr and 3'ltr were isolated from two different lines of layer flocks ... | 2013 | 23884361 |
| enzootic outbreak and spontaneous regression of keratoacanthomas in a commercial layer flock. | this paper reports an enzootic outbreak and spontaneous regression of keratoacanthomas among adult layer hens with lesions on the skin of the legs. the observations were performed in a flock of 55,000 commercial layers (50,000 lohmann white and 5,000 lohmann brown). at the age of 30 weeks, lohmann white layers exhibited a number of growths (at an average of 60 hens per week, representing 0.1% of the flock) in the region of leg toes on a daily basis over 28 weeks that regressed during the remaini ... | 2013 | 23921348 |
| microrna expression profiles in avian haemopoietic cells. | micrornas (mirnas) are small, abundant, non-coding rnas that modulate gene expression by interfering with translation or stability of mrna transcripts in a sequence-specific manner. a total of 734 precursor and 996 mature mirnas have so far been identified in the chicken genome. a number of these mirnas are expressed in a cell type-specific manner, and understanding their function requires detailed examination of their expression in different cell types. we carried out deep sequencing of small r ... | 2013 | 23967013 |
| multicentric histiocytosis related to avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j)-infection in meat-type local chickens. | gross lesions characterized by swollen livers and spleens accompanied by diffuse white miliary spots, which resembled those of marek's disease, were detected in two flocks of local meat-type chickens at a japanese poultry processing plant in june and august 2010. the microscopic examinations revealed proliferative foci consisting of spindle or polymorphic cells in the interstitium of livers, splenic follicles and the interstitium of kidneys. these cells were positive immunohistochemically with i ... | 2014 | 23978900 |
| preparation and immunoprotection of subgroup b avian leukosis virus inactivated vaccine. | to develop an inactivated vaccine against subgroup b avian leukosis virus (alv-b) and determine if vaccination of chicken breeders could protect young chicks from alv-b horizontal infection at early stage and accelerate eradication progress. | 2013 | 24016813 |
| chicken dt40 cell line lacking dj-1, the gene responsible for familial parkinson's disease, displays mitochondrial dysfunction. | parkinson's disease (pd) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder mainly due to gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. although the causative genes for autosomal recessive pd, parkin, pink1 and dj-1, share a common pathway, at least in part, in mitochondrial quality control and protein quality control, their precise relationship remains elusive. previous studies suggested the limitation of gene-modified mice model to solve this problem. dt40 is an avian leuko ... | 2013 | 24064392 |
| selection of reference genes for quantitative real-time pcr analysis in chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with avian leukosis virus subgroup j. | the selection of stably expressed reference genes is a prerequisite when evaluating gene expression, via real-time pcr, in cells in response to viral infections. the objective of our study was to identify suitable reference genes for mrna expression analysis in chicken embryonic fibroblasts (cef) after infection with avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j). | 2013 | 24099561 |
| incidence of endogenous viral genes in two strains of white leghorn chickens selected for egg production and susceptibility or resistance to marek's disease. | endogenous viral (ev) genes related to the avian leukosis virus were classified in two differentially selected strains of leghorns in order to investigate whether such genes affect production traits. strain k had been selected for resistance to marek's disease (md) and for high egg production and egg weight, whereas strain s had been selected only for md susceptibility. except that founders of strain k included a few commercial birds, both strains were derived from a common genetic base. dna res ... | 1989 | 24232469 |
| artificial insertion of a dominant gene for resistance to avian leukosis virus into the germ line of the chicken. | this report describes the unique biological properties of a transgenic chicken line that contains a defective avian leukosis virus (alv) proviral insert that we call alv6. chick embryo fibroblasts (cef) containing this insert express subgroup a envelope glycoprotein since they yield focus-forming pseudotype virus when co-cultivated with transformed quail cells expressing envelope-defective bryan high-liter rous sarcoma virus (rsv). in addition, these cells display high interference to subgroup a ... | 1989 | 24232709 |
| segregation, viral phenotype, and proviral structure of 23 avian leukosis virus inserts in the germ line of chickens. | we have artificially introduced 23 avian leukosis virus (alv) proviral inserts into the chicken germ line by injection of wild-type and recombinant subgroup a alv near the blastoderm of fertile eggs just before incubation. eight viremic males were identified as germline mosaics because they transmitted proviral dna to their generation 1 (g-1) progeny at a low frequency. eleven female and 9 male g-1 progeny carried 23 distinct proviruses that had typical major clonal proviral-host dna junction fr ... | 1989 | 24232717 |
| genetic mutations of avian leukosis virus subgroup j strains extended their host range. | the genetic diversity of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) is determined not only by the env gene, but also by its 3' utr and 3' ltr. they all play important roles in extending the host range and tumour development. in the present study, one alv-j strain (zb110604-6) from black-bone silky fowl (bsf) and three alv-j strains (zb110604-3/4/5) from grey partridge (gp), which bore multiple tumours and breed in one house of farm a, were demonstrated extending their host to gp, while two other al ... | 2014 | 24272684 |
| the myc, tert, and zic1 genes are common targets of viral integration and transcriptional deregulation in avian leukosis virus subgroup j-induced myeloid leukosis. | the integration of retroviruses into the host genome following nonrandom genome-wide patterns may lead to the deregulation of gene expression and oncogene activation near the integration sites. slow-transforming retroviruses have been widely used to perform genetic screens for the identification of genes involved in cancer. to investigate the involvement of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) integration in myeloid leukosis (ml) in chickens, we utilized an alv-j insertional identification pl ... | 2014 | 24371071 |
| [the relationship of virus load, receptor expression and tumor spectrum in layer chickens infected by alv-j]. | abstract:subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j) infect cells by binding to the chnhe1 receptor protein of the host and causes tumors. the tumor incidence of the alv-j-infected chickens was observed by histo pathology, and virus was isolated on df-1 cell line. the alv-j load and mrna of chnhelreceptor protein were detected by real time pcr. the relationship between alv-j load, chnhe1 receptor expression levels and tumor spectrum was analyzed. the results showed that the tumors induced by alv-j i ... | 2013 | 24386840 |