Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| characterization and significance of delayed processing of the feline leukemia virus felv-faids envelope glycoprotein. | felv-faids, an immunodeficiency-inducing isolate of feline leukemia virus, is composed of a pathogenic but replication-defective genome (molecular clone 61c) and a replication-competent but non-immunodeficiency-inducing variant genome (molecular clone 61e). the chimeric virus eecc, composed of the 5' gag-pol of 61e fused to the env-3' ltr of 61c, also induces immunodeficiency. the 61c (or eecc) gp80 can be distinguished from that of 61e on the basis of antigenic recognition, size, and rate of po ... | 1990 | 2166820 |
| [feline immunodeficiency virus in switzerland: clinical aspects and epidemiology in comparison with feline leukemia virus and coronaviruses]. | serum samples from 1421 domestic cats (561 healthy, 860 sick) were tested for fiv-, felv- and coronavirus infection. the results were stored in a computer data base and compared with epidemiologic data and clinical findings. all 3 infections were significantly more prevalent in sick than healthy cats: fiv was found in 0.7% of healthy and 3.4% of sick cats. for felv the prevalence was 3.0% and 13.0% and for coronavirus 21% and 36.2%, respectively. fiv-infected cats were mostly male (73%); no sex ... | 1990 | 2167513 |
| existence of feline immunodeficiency virus infection in japanese cat population since 1968. | 1990 | 2168001 | |
| recombinant feline herpesviruses expressing feline leukemia virus envelope and gag proteins. | we constructed recombinant feline herpesviruses (fhvs) expressing the envelope (env) and gag genes of feline leukemia virus (felv). expression cassettes, utilizing the human cytomegalovirus immediate-early promoter, were inserted within the thymidine kinase gene of fhv. the felv env glycoprotein expressed by recombinant fhv was processed and transported to the cell surface much as in felv infection, with the exception that proteolytic processing to yield the mature gp70 and p15e proteins was les ... | 1990 | 2168977 |
| type c retroviral expression in spontaneous feline olfactory neuroblastomas. | three cases of spontaneous olfactory neuroblastoma (onb) in domestic cats were morphologically and immunocytochemically characterized. diagnostic light microscopic features included flexner and homer-wright rosettes, while ultrastructurally the cells had neuritic processes, intracellular intermediate filaments, and intercellular junctions. immunocytochemically, the tumors stained positively for neuron-specific enolase, cytokeratins, and s-100 protein antigens. in each case, a key finding was the ... | 1990 | 2174630 |
| vaccination against feline retroviruses. | 1990 | 2178114 | |
| evaluation of humoral immunity tests in felv infected cats. | 1990 | 2178116 | |
| hematologic manifestations of feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | studies were done on 53 cats with community-acquired infection with the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) to determine if hematologic abnormalities were comparable with those observed in patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). nine cats were asymptomatic, 24 had clinical symptoms equivalent to aids-related complex (arc), and 20 had aids-like disease. hematologic abnormalities were detected in 75% (40 of 53) of fiv-seropositive cats, and multiple concurrent cytopenias ... | 1990 | 2400806 |
| biological effects of staphylococcal protein a immunotherapy in cats with induced feline leukemia virus infection. | biological effects of staphylococcal protein a (spa) immunotherapy were studied in 5 viremic and 6 nonviremic cats with induced felv infection and in 6 control cats. the spa therapy neither reversed felv viremia nor resulted in consistent improvement in humoral immune responses to felv antigens. however, spa immunotherapy induced a proliferative response in bone marrow granulocytic lineage, possibly resulting in expression of felv-free mature neutrophils in the blood. seemingly, viral burden and ... | 1990 | 1690524 |
| use of immunomodulators as an aid to clinical management of feline leukemia virus-infected cats. | 1991 | 1724773 | |
| antibody response to reverse transcriptase in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | the antibody response in cats to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) reverse transcriptase (rt) was followed for 3 years. eight of the nine cats used in this study produced reverse transcriptase-inhibiting (rti) antibodies. relative inhibitory means of 2.9%, 18.4%, 33%, and 47% were found 6, 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively, after infection with fiv. the enzyme activity was suppressed by greater than or equal to 78% with the use of 100 micrograms of fiv-associated igg. the rti antibodies were ... | 1991 | 1726399 |
| some viral and protozool diseases in the european wildcat (felis silvestris). | ten european wildcats (felis silvestris) were examined at necropsy and an additional 23 were examined clinically for evidence of viral diseases in scotland. two plasma samples taken from live free-living wildcats showed positive elisa reactions to feline leukemia antigen. a feline leukemia virus of subgroup a was isolated from one of these samples, taken from a wildcat in north-western scotland. no antibodies to feline coronavirus or feline immunodeficiency virus were detected in any sample. thr ... | 1991 | 1758037 |
| nuclear factor 1 activates the feline leukemia virus long terminal repeat but is posttranscriptionally down-regulated in leukemia cell lines. | a recombinant feline leukemia virus (felv) proviral clone (t17t-22) with a long terminal repeat (ltr) which differs from prototype felv by a point mutation within a conserved nuclear factor 1 (nf1)-binding motif in the ltr enhancer domain was found to be poorly expressed after dna transfection. the nf1 point mutation reduced in vitro protein binding as assessed by gel shift analysis and reduced promoter activity significantly (2- to 10-fold). however, the degree of promoter impairment due to the ... | 1991 | 1848314 |
| national felv/fiv awareness project. | 1991 | 1852082 | |
| cytologic, microbiologic, and biochemical analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from 24 healthy cats. | twenty-four healthy cats underwent bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage to determine the normal cytologic environment of the lower respiratory tract of cats. initial screening to ensure the health of the study population included complete histories, physical examinations, thoracic radiography, cbc, serologic tests for feline leukemia virus, feline immunodeficiency virus, and occult heartworm, and sugar and baermann fecal flotation. in 18 cats, protected catheter brush samples of airway secret ... | 1991 | 1928912 |
| genetically-engineered subunit vaccine against feline leukaemia virus: protective immune response in cats. | a recombinant retroviral subunit vaccine has been developed that successfully protects cats from infectious feline leukaemia virus (felv) challenge. the antigen used is a non-glycosylated protein derived from the envelope glycoprotein of felv subgroup a, expressed in escherichia coli. this recombinant protein, rgp70d, includes the entire exterior envelope protein gp70, plus the first 34 amino acids from the transmembrane protein p15e. the vaccine consists of purified rgp70d absorbed on to alumin ... | 1991 | 1647576 |
| anti-idiotypic antibodies to feline leukemia virus: an approach for retroviral immunization strategies. | the present study describes an approach to the development and use of anti-idiotypic antibodies as a possible immunization strategy to prevent retroviral infection. the rationale for using anti-idiotypes (anti-ids) to try to elicit an antigenic-specific immune response is examined, and the production and characterization of polyclonal and monoclonal anti-ids are described. several techniques were used to determine antigenic mimicry and anti-id subtypes. the potential use of anti-ids in feline le ... | 1991 | 1648360 |
| pathological features of lymphoid tissues in cats with natural feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | a range of tissues from a total of 17 cats naturally infected with the feline immunodeficiency virus was examined histologically. in 11 cases, chronic inflammatory lesions were present in various tissues including, most commonly, the intestine, brain and lung. extensive inflammation in the intestinal wall was present in seven of the cats. no particular bacterial organisms were demonstrated in these inflammatory lesions. a range of changes was present in the lymph nodes, including hyperplasia, at ... | 1991 | 1651959 |
| early therapy of feline leukemia virus infection (felv-faids) with 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (pmea). | cats infected with molecularly cloned felv-faids develop an immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by persistent antigenemia, decline in circulating cd4+ t lymphocytes, and impaired t-cell-dependent immune responses and opportunistic infection. we evaluated the capacity of pmea to inhibit the replication of felv-faids in vitro and to inhibit the progression of felv-faids infection in vivo. we found that pmea inhibited replication of felv-faids by greater than or equal to 50% at concentrations o ... | 1991 | 1663730 |
| early events in the immunopathogenesis of feline retrovirus infections. | feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) are lymphotropic retroviruses that cause a wide range of diseases in domestic cats. although it is known that both viruses are capable of infecting t lymphocytes and that infected cats are lymphopenic, it was not known how infection with either virus might alter specific lymphocyte subpopulations. using a panel of monoclonal antibodies to feline lymphocyte subpopulations, we examined, by use of flow cytometric analysis, lymphocyte cha ... | 1991 | 1666073 |
| development of the immunofluorescent antibody test for detection of feline leukemia virus infection in cats. | studies of the immunodetection of various microorganisms by various assay systems indicated that the most specific and sensitive assays are immunofluorescence, radioimmunoassay, and immunoblot analysis (western blot), followed by sensitive but less specific elisa and agglutination assays and, finally, by even less sensitive but very specific virus isolation and double immunodiffusion techniques. the first test for the clinical detection of felv infection in pet cats was the immunofluorescent ant ... | 1991 | 1666076 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods for detection of feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays have been widely used for diagnosis of felv and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infections. various elisa kits for felv are available from several manufacturers. although these tests are configured in a variety of formats, they are all direct antigen-detection systems for the viral core protein p27. on the other hand, elisa for fiv exposure detects specific feline antibody to fiv. basic immunoassay principles and the application of elisa technology used in ... | 1991 | 1666077 |
| how well do serodiagnostic tests predict the infection or disease status of cats? | 1991 | 1666079 | |
| neoplasia associated with feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats of southern california. | between 1988 and 1991, feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection status was evaluated in 1,160 cats examined at an oncology referral and general practice in los angeles, california. twenty-nine (2.5%) cats were fiv positive. neoplasia was present in 18 of the 29 (62%) cats. sampling for neoplasia was intentionally biased in the oncology referral group. however, 33% (6/18) of fiv-infected cats with neoplasia originated from the general practice. three neoplastic processes were observed; myelo ... | 1991 | 1666082 |
| comparison of four test kits for feline leukemia virus antigen. | the sensitivity and specificity of 4 commercial felv elisa kits, using blood, were compared with results of virus isolation from blood and immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) testing on blood. significant differences were not found among the 4 elisa kits. marked decrease in sensitivity of the elisa kits was detected when virus isolation was used as the standard of positivity rather than the ifa test. virus isolation was a more sensitive indicator of early infection, with marked discrepancy among re ... | 1991 | 1666085 |
| evaluation of feline leukemia virus diagnostic tests available for in-office use by veterinarians. | blood samples from cats were tested for felv group-specific antigen by use of an indirect immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) test, elisa, or both. several elisa kits were evaluated as they would be used in a veterinary clinic, and some elisa kits were compared with an ifa test for agreement of results. good agreement of results was evident among the commercially available elisa kits; results for most blood samples were clearly negative or decidely positive. occasionally, test results were equivoca ... | 1991 | 1666088 |
| evaluation of a killed, whole virion feline leukemia virus vaccine. | 1991 | 1666093 | |
| development of a genetically engineered vaccine against feline leukemia virus infection. | a genetically engineered subunit vaccine against felv infection was developed. the protective immunogen in the vaccine was a purified recombinant protein containing the entire amino acid sequence of felv subgroup a gp70 envelope protein. the optimal adjuvant was determined to be a highly purified saponin, qs-21, derived from quillaja saponaria molina. a vaccine formulation containing the recombinant protein, qs-21, and aluminum hydroxide was tested in specific-pathogen-free kittens and was shown ... | 1991 | 1666096 |
| evaluation of efficacy and safety of an inactivated virus vaccine against feline leukemia virus infection. | an inactivated virus vaccine was developed for prevention of felv infection in domestic cats. when given in 2 doses, 3 weeks apart, to cats that were greater than or equal to 9 weeks old at the time of first vaccination, the vaccine prevented persistent viremia from developing in 132 of 144 (92%) vaccinates after oronasal challenge exposure with virulent felv. in contrast, persistent viremia developed after oronasal challenge exposure with felv in 39 of 45 (87%) age-matched nonvaccinated control ... | 1991 | 1666097 |
| comparative efficacy of three commercial feline leukemia virus vaccines against methylprednisolone acetate-augmented oronasal challenge exposure with virulent virus. | three commercial felv vaccines, (a, b, and c) were purchased on the open market and administered to 8- to 20-week-old specific-pathogen-free kittens, according to manufacturers' instructions. a similar group of nonvaccinated kittens served as controls. all kittens were challenge-exposed oronasally with virulent felv 4 weeks after the final vaccination. serum samples were monitored for felv-p27 antigenemia using an elisa at 1- to 2-week intervals for at least 16 weeks after the last day of challe ... | 1991 | 1666102 |
| management of healthy feline leukemia virus-positive cats. | 1991 | 1666105 | |
| prevalence of feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus infections in random-source cats. | retroviral serologic profiles were generated for 506 random-source cats (felis catus) that were received by our facility during a twenty-month period. feline leukemia virus antigens were detected in plasma samples from 26 (5.1%) of the cats. antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus were present in 24 (4.7%) of the samples tested. a single cat (0.2%) was positive for both viruses. neither gender nor vendor correlation with retroviral seropositivity could be demonstrated. | 1991 | 1667194 |
| feline leukemia virus: pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment. | 1992 | 1312884 | |
| comparison of the viral promoter activities in feline cell lines (crfk and fcwf-4 cells). | 1992 | 1313705 | |
| prevalence of feline leukemia virus and antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus in cats in norway. | serum samples from 224 norwegian cats were analyzed for the presence of feline leukemia virus (felv) p27 common core antigen, and for antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). ninety specimens originated from the serum bank at the central referral clinic at the norwegian college of veterinary medicine, which had been collected during the years 1983-1989; 67 sera were submitted from veterinarian practitioners; while 67 sera originated from cats presented for euthanasia. the cats were cla ... | 1992 | 1316024 |
| pathogenesis of feline leukemia virus t17: contrasting fates of helper, v-myc, and v-tcr proviruses in secondary tumors. | a naturally occurring feline thymic lymphosarcoma (t17) provided the unique observation of a t-cell antigen receptor beta-chain gene (v-tcr) transduced by a retrovirus. the primary tumor contained three classes of feline leukemia virus (felv) provirus, which have now been characterized in more detail as (i) v-tcr-containing recombinant proviruses, (ii) v-myc-containing recombinant proviruses, and (iii) apparently full-length helper felv proviruses. the two transductions appear to have been indep ... | 1992 | 1316466 |
| studies in feline long-term marrow culture: hematopoiesis on normal and feline leukemia virus infected stromal cells. | to study the effects of feline leukemia virus (felv) on the hematopoietic microenvironment, a two-step feline long-term marrow culture (ltmc) system was developed and characterized. the adherent, stromal layer of these cultures is composed of fibroblastoid cells (50% to 80%), macrophages (10% to 30%), fat cells (10% to 20%), and large, polygonal cells that express muscle actin (1% to 2%). when fresh, enriched marrow mononuclear cells (mmnc) were added to 3-week-old irradiated stromal cultures, n ... | 1992 | 1322201 |
| feline leukemia virus subgroup c phenotype evolves through distinct alterations near the n terminus of the envelope surface glycoprotein. | feline leukemia viruses (felvs) belonging to the c subgroup induce aplastic anemia in domestic cats and have the ability, unique among felv strains, to proliferate in guinea pig fibroblasts in tissue culture. previous studies have shown that the pathogenic and host range specificity of a prototype molecular clone of felv-c [felv-sarma-c (fsc)] colocalize to a region encoding the 3' 73 amino acids of the pol gene product and the n-terminal 241 amino acids of the envelope surface glycoprotein name ... | 1992 | 1326757 |
| chromosome abnormalities and oncogenesis in cat leukemias. | chromosome abnormalities are found in feline leukemia virus (felv)-infected tumor cells as well as in tumor cells free of the virus. three cell lines derived from tumors in the domestic cat (felis catus), two of thymic origin and one of multicentric lymphoma origin, were analyzed cytogenetically to determine whether the felv virus was associated with chromosomal abnormalities in these tumor cell lines. one thymic tumor and the multicentric lymphoma were felv infected. the other thymic tumor cell ... | 1992 | 1336708 |
| association between feline immunodeficiency virus antibodies and host characteristics in finnish cats. | toward the end of 1989 the largest private veterinary laboratory in finland (vet/lab) began using a commercial combined elisa test for feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) antibodies and feline leukemia virus (felv) antigens (cite combo). the overall proportion of fiv seropositive feline samples was 5% during the 22 month study period. the number of tests performed increased slowly while the positive test results decreased with time (7% in 1990 and 4% in 1991). the decrease in prevalence was assu ... | 1992 | 1336930 |
| retrovirus infections in non-domestic felids: serological studies and attempts to isolate a lentivirus. | an african lioness from the zoo of zurich had to be euthanized because of an inoperable tumor. the serum tested negative for feline leukemia virus (felv) p27 antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) but was strongly positive for feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) antibodies by elisa and western blot. when her only offspring and mate were tested for fiv, high antibody titers to fiv were also found in their serum. lymphocytes were prepared from these two lions on different occasions a ... | 1992 | 1337398 |
| tumor necrosis factor alpha levels in cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus: effects of immunization and feline leukemia virus infection. | tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf alpha) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and by cell culture bioassay in supernatants of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated feline monocyte cultures and in cat serum samples. there was a good correlation between the results obtained by the two methods. from the fact that tnf alpha was neutralized quantitatively by antibodies to human tnf alpha in feline monocyte supernatants and in feline sera, it was concluded that feline tnf alpha i ... | 1992 | 1337403 |
| use of two virustatica (azt, pmea) in the treatment of fiv and of felv seropositive cats with clinical symptoms. | in the present study the therapeutic efficacy and the side effects of two antiretroviral compounds used in human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) research, 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (azt, zidovudine, retrovir) and 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (pmea), were investigated in the treatment of cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and cats naturally infected with feline leukemia virus (felv). azt was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 5 mg kg-1 bo ... | 1992 | 1363008 |
| immunization-induced decrease of the cd4+:cd8+ ratio in cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | in a previous experiment a group of 15 specified pathogen free (spf) cats were experimentally infected with a swiss isolate of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). a group of 15 spf cats served as fiv negative controls. nine cats of each group were vaccinated with a recombinant feline leukemia virus (felv) vaccine, six cats in each group with a placebo vaccine. all vaccinated cats developed high antibody titers to felv and were protected against subsequent felv challenge infection. in both contr ... | 1992 | 1363009 |
| cell lines produce factors that induce fetal hemoglobin in human bfue-derived colonies. | established cell lines were screened for secretion of activities than can stimulate fetal hemoglobin (hbf) production in adult burst-forming unit-erythroid (bfue) cultures. conditioned media from four cell lines, a human teratocarcinoma, an osteosarcoma, a bladder cell carcinoma, and feline leukemia virus (felv) a-infected feline fibroblasts (fef-a cells), consistently increased the relative production of fetal globin in bfue-derived colonies. in vitro translation of rna from these cells in xeno ... | 1992 | 1384795 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of toxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies and antigens in the aqueous humor of cats. | serum and aqueous humor samples, collected from 14 clinically normal cats and 96 cats with clinical evidence of intraocular inflammation, were assayed with elisa for toxoplasma gondii-specific immunoglobulin m (igm), t gondii-specific igg, t gondii-specific antigens, total igg, and total igm. additionally, serum was assayed with elisa for feline leukemia virus p27 antigen and antibodies against the feline immunodeficiency virus as well as with an immunofluorescent antibody assay for antibodies a ... | 1992 | 1429123 |
| [the effectiveness of paramunization for the control of feline coryza]. | 20 cats in a cat home were treated prophylactically and therapeutically with baypamun hk. the animals were allocated into three groups as described. 7 freshly admitted clinically healthy cats were treated prophylactically on day 1, 2 and 9 with 1 ml baypamun hk (group i). 7 cats, who already were allocated for one year in the home and were sick of the feline respiratory disease complex were treated as described for group i (group ii). 6 further cats, who also showed symptoms of the feline respir ... | 1992 | 1524577 |
| use of 8-methoxypsoralen and long wavelength ultraviolet radiation for decontamination of platelet concentrates. | transmission of viral diseases through blood products remains a problem in transfusion medicine. we have developed a photochemical decontamination system (pcd) for platelet concentrates (pc) utilizing treatment with long wavelength ultraviolet radiation (uva, 320-400 nm) and 8-methoxypsorlan (8-mop). this system is capable of inactivating 25-30 logs/hour of bacteria e. coli or s. aureus, 6 logs/hour of bacteriophage fd, 0.9 log/hour of bacteriophage r17, and 1.1 logs/hour of feline leukemia viru ... | 1992 | 1617193 |
| induction of feline leukaemia virus-neutralizing antibodies by immunization with synthetic peptides derived from the felv env gene. | the surface glycoprotein, gp70, of feline leukaemia virus (felv) contains sites which are important in inducing neutralizing antibodies. using synthetic peptides corresponding to nucleotide sequence 729-957 (amino acid sequence 243-319) of felv-a/glasgow-1, the antigenicity and immunogenicity of this part of the viral surface glycoprotein were investigated. the region contains two highly conserved domains separated by a variable region (vr4), when compared with felv of subgroups b and c, and an ... | 1993 | 7692683 |
| feline leukemia virus. immunization and prevention. | our understanding of the pathogenesis of felv infection is little changed from what was described by hardy and his colleagues in the mid-1970s. the prevention of felv infection consists, first, of avoiding the agent and, second, of providing optimum immunologic resistance. in multi-cat environments, the former is achieved through test-and-removal methods perennially reviewed in the literature and by minimizing exposure to outdoor cats. the latter is possible by attempting to maintain a low-stres ... | 1993 | 8380657 |
| advances in the understanding of feline leukaemia virus. | 1993 | 8384389 | |
| flvi-2, a target of retroviral insertional mutagenesis in feline thymic lymphosarcomas, encodes bmi-1. | lc-felv is a myc-containing strain of feline leukemia virus which induces thymic lymphosarcoma in the domestic cat with short latency. a locus in feline dna, termed flvi-2, is commonly interrupted in naturally occurring and experimentally induced thymic lymphosarcomas containing lc-felv; thus, interruption of a gene encoded by flvi-2 may cooperate with the myc oncogene in the induction of t-cell tumors by lc-felv. clones homologous to flvi-2 have been isolated from a normal human thymus cdna lib ... | 1993 | 8390036 |
| a common proviral integration region, fit-1, in t-cell tumors induced by myc-containing feline leukemia viruses. | feline leukemia viruses carrying transduced v-myc genes (myc-felv) induce tumors of clonal origin, suggesting that activated myc alone is not sufficient for tumorigenesis. to investigate the hypothesis that insertional mutagenesis plays a role by activating genes which collaborate with v-myc, we looked for evidence of common proviral integration sites in these tumors. by inverse polymerase chain reaction we identified a 6-kb domain, designated fit-1, in which felv proviruses were inserted in fou ... | 1993 | 8396812 |
| felv vaccination. | 1993 | 8279119 | |
| recombination between feline exogenous and endogenous retroviral sequences generates tropism for cerebral endothelial cells. | brain tissues of domestic cats that died of aplastic anemia from infection with either parental feline leukemia virus (felv), subgroup c, or a mixture of felv-c and recombinants between felv-c and an endogenous felv provirus were examined by the immunoperoxidase staining technique using a monoclonal antibody (c11d8) directed against an epitope of the viral surface glycoprotein (su). positive staining of the central nervous system (cns) capillary endothelial cells with no labeling on neuronal or ... | 1994 | 8311118 |
| humoral immunity in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus or leukaemia virus. | the humoral antibody responses of 82 domestic cats to the common commensal bacteria pasteurella multocida and staphylococcus aureus were measured by an indirect immunofluorescence assay to give a subjective quantification of specific igg in serum. there was no significant difference in specific serum igg levels between sick cats which tested antibody-positive to feline immunodeficiency virus or antigen-positive to feline leukaemia virus and sick, virus-negative cats. this finding suggested that ... | 1994 | 16031766 |
| comparison of fibrosarcomas that developed at vaccination sites and at nonvaccination sites in cats: 239 cases (1991-1992). | questionnaires were sent to veterinarians who had submitted a fibrosarcoma from a cat to the surgical pathology services of the veterinary schools of the university of pennsylvania and tufts university between jan 1, 1991 and june 30, 1992. questionnaire items included signalment, felv and feline immunodeficiency virus status, site of sarcoma, vaccination site, vaccines used, treatment, biologic behavior of the tumor, and final outcome. data were analyzed, using student's t-test for continuous d ... | 1994 | 7698923 |
| hemostatic disorders in feline immunodeficiency virus-seropositive cats. | the hemostatic function of 40 feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) seropositive and 8 fiv and feline leukemia virus (felv) seropositive cats was evaluated and compared with reference values from 30 clinically healthy cats. the fiv-positive cats were divided into 3 groups: group i included asymptomatic carriers; group ii comprised sick fiv-infected cats with illnesses not likely to influence the hemostatic system; and group iii included fiv-positive cats with diseases potentially associated with c ... | 1994 | 7837113 |
| evaluation of feline leukemia virus vaccines. | 1994 | 7928542 | |
| isolation of a novel subgroup b feline leukemia virus from a cat infected with felv-a. | proviruses were cloned directly from a cat that developed neurological disorders approximately 28 months after inoculation with a molecularly cloned, minimally pathogenic subgroup a feline leukemia virus (felv-a). in addition to felv-a proviruses that were nearly identical to the inoculated virus, we detected a subgroup b-like variant in brain, bone marrow, and lymph node that apparently had acquired the major portion of its extracellular envelope gene (gp70) from endogenous felv-related sequenc ... | 1994 | 7941350 |
| evaluation of in vivo and in vitro interactions of feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus. | to determine the potential mechanisms for disease potentiation where feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection of persistently feline leukemia virus (felv)-infected cats results in more severe fiv disease and increased mortality than fiv infection of specific pathogen-free cats. | 1994 | 7946095 |
| serologic survey and serum biochemical reference ranges of the free-ranging mountain lion (felis concolor) in california. | serum samples from 58 mountain lions (felis concolor) in california (usa) were collected between april 1987 and february 1990. nineteen serum samples were used for serum biochemistry determinations; the ranges were similar to reference values in domestic cats, captive exotic felidae and free-ranging mountain lions. a serological survey was conducted to determine whether antibodies were present against selected infectious agents. fifty-four (93%) of 58 sera had antibodies against feline panleukop ... | 1994 | 8028105 |
| [epidemiology of felv and fiv infection in the federal republic of germany]. | in a nationwide study 6101 cats were tested for presence of feline leukemia virus (felv) antigen and for feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) antibodies utilizing enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). 21.8% of the german cat population may be felv- and/or fiv-positive. of the animals tested, 13.4% were found to be felv carriers, while 8.4% showed evidence of fiv infection. infection with both viruses was identified in 2.1% of the cats tested. of the animals showing clinical symptoms, nearly ... | 1994 | 8048038 |
| vaccination against feline leukaemia virus. | 1994 | 8080585 | |
| defective endogenous proviruses are expressed in feline lymphoid cells: evidence for a role in natural resistance to subgroup b feline leukemia viruses. | endogenous feline leukemia virus (felv)-related sequences (enfelv) are a family of proviral elements found in domestic cats and their close relatives. these elements can recombine with exogenous, infectious felvs of subgroup a (felv-a), giving rise to host range variants of felv-b. we found that a subset of defective enfelv proviruses is highly expressed in lymphoma cell lines and in a variety of primary tissues, including lymphoid tissues from healthy specific-pathogen-free cats. at least two r ... | 1994 | 8138999 |
| cutaneous t-cell lymphoma in a cat. | an 8-year-old castrated male cat was examined because of a chronic, nonhealing, ulcerative lesion on the left hind limb. cutaneous lymphoma was diagnosed on the basis of the morphologic appearance of malignant cells and pautrier's microabscesses on light and electron microscopic examination. the tumor was found to be of t-cell origin by use of a polyclonal antibody recognizing t-cell antigen. results of serum elisa for felv were negative. the gp70 antigen of felv was not detected immunohistochem ... | 1994 | 8163416 |
| evaluation of a feline leukemia virus vaccine in a controlled natural transmission study. | twenty-six 8-week-old specific-pathogen-free cats were vaccinated subcutaneously with 2 doses of a commercially available felv vaccine, and 26 age-matched specific-pathogen-free cats were similarly vaccinated with a placebo vaccine containing the same adjuvant as the felv vaccine. cats then were randomly assigned to 2 groups of 26 cats (13 felv-vaccinated cats and 13 control cats), and each group was housed with 5 cats previously inoculated with felv. all cats were tested biweekly for the next 2 ... | 1994 | 8188511 |
| ultrasensitive retrovirus detection by a reverse transcriptase assay based on product enhancement. | reverse transcriptase (rt) is an indispensable component of infectious retroviruses. we have developed an ultrasensitive rt test in which rna of bacteriophage ms2 serves as the template for rt-mediated cdna synthesis. a fragment of the cdna is selectively amplified by polymerase chain reaction and the amplification product is analyzed by southern blot hybridization or enzyme immunoassay. the procedure was 10(6) to 10(7) times more sensitive than a conventional rt test and detected as little as 1 ... | 1994 | 7509077 |
| differential antiviral activities and intracellular metabolism of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine and 2',3'-dideoxyinosine in human cells. | dideoxynucleosides such as 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (azt) and 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddi) can effectively inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in t lymphoid cells. there is evidence that hiv can infect and replicate in other cells including monocytoid cells and macrophages. the present study compared the antiretroviral activities of ddi and azt in three lineages of human cells, i.e., molt4 (t lymphocytoid, cd4+), u937 (monocytoid, cd4+), and ht1080 (fibroblastoid, cd4-) ... | 1994 | 7526781 |
| cdna encoding a functional feline liver/bone/kidney-type alkaline phosphatase. | feline alkaline phosphatase (fealp) was copurified with the putative 70-kda feline leukemia virus subgroup-a (felv-a) receptor protein from feline t-lymphocyte cells (fet) by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. the sequence of the n-terminal 17 amino acids and five other internal tryptic peptides revealed that it is homologous to the liver/bone/kidney (l/b/k)-type alkaline phosphatase of other mammalian species. corresponding oligonucleotides were synthesized and used for amplification of a 1.2 ... | 1995 | 7574682 |
| is it possible to catch leukemia from a cat? | 1995 | 7616826 | |
| recombinant felv vaccine: long-term protection and effect on course and outcome of fiv infection. | the efficacy and the long-term protection of a recombinant feline leukemia virus (felv) vaccine were determined in 30 specified pathogen free cats for over 3 years. at the same time, in order to specify the effects of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) on the immune system, one half of the cats (n = 15) were previously infected with the swiss isolate fiv zurich 2. the second half of the animals (n = 15) served as non-infected controls. eighteen (nine fiv-negative, nine fiv-positive) vaccinated ... | 1995 | 7618252 |
| therapeutic effects of diethylcarbamazine and 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine on feline leukemia virus lymphoma formation. | twenty-four specific pathogen-free kittens were infected with the rickard strain of feline leukemia virus (felvr). the kittens were divided into four equal groups and were orally administered either a high dose of diethylcarbamazine (dech, 12 mg kg-1), a low dose of diethylcarbamazine (decl, 3 mg kg-1), 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (azt, 15 mg kg-1, b.i.d.), or a placebo (250 mg granular dextrose) daily for 10 weeks. blood was collected at 2-week intervals for complete blood counts (cbc) and flow ... | 1995 | 7618257 |
| identification of differentially expressed genes in t-lymphoid malignancies in an animal model system. | the molecular events characterizing lymphoid malignancy have been examined in an animal model system, specifically, the retroviral induction of leukemia and lymphoma in the domestic cat following infection with feline leukemia virus (felv). genes differentially expressed in felv-induced lymphomas were isolated using a strategy of differential hybridization. six genes were identified which demonstrate a higher level of expression in an felv-induced feline thymic tumor as compared with normal thym ... | 1995 | 7628875 |
| feline leukemia virus infection downmodulates the production of growth-inhibitory activity by marrow stromal cells. | to determine the role of infected marrow accessory cells in the pathogenesis of viral-associated hematologic disorders, we evaluated whether feline leukemia virus (felv) infection alters the cytoadhesive properties of long-term marrow culture (ltmc) stromal cells, the support of stromal-associated progenitors in ltmcs, and the production of progenitor growth-promoting and -inhibiting activities by marrow stromal cells. our previous studies demonstrated that ltmcs containing felv-infected stromal ... | 1995 | 7656928 |
| detection of felv antigen by indirect immunofluorescence in elisa/cite negative cats. | 1995 | 7660550 | |
| haematological disorders associated with feline retrovirus infections. | feline oncornavirus and lentivirus infections have provided useful models to characterize the virus and host cell factors involved in a variety of marrow suppressive disorders and haematological malignancies. exciting recent progress has been made in the characterization of the viral genotypic features involved in felv-associated diseases. molecular studies have clearly defined the causal role of variant felv env gene determinants in two disorders: the t-lymphocyte cytopathicity and the clinical ... | 1995 | 7663052 |
| induction of feline acquired immune deficiency syndrome by feline leukemia virus: alteration in response to hormones in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system. | male kittens who were infected with the feline leukemia virus (felv) were found at various times after exposure to contain a sequence of dysfunction in their hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (hpg) system. to understand whether the involved endocrine glands in this system were damaged by felv, the hypothalamus, pituitary, and testes were tested for hormonal responsiveness in vivo and in vitro. the infected cats were administered with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh) and human chorionic ... | 1995 | 7700890 |
| seroepidemiological survey of feline retrovirus infections in cats in taiwan in 1993 and 1994. | in order to investigate the prevalence of infections with three feline retroviruses feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), feline leukemia virus (felv) and feline syncytial virus (fsv) in taiwan, we collected a total of 75 blood samples from cats from veterinary hospitals, a breeding cattery and a homeless shelter in 1993 and 1994. we examined the presences of anti-fiv and fsv antibodies and felv-p27 antigen in these samples by the indirect immunofluorescence and/or enzyme-linked immunosorbent ass ... | 1995 | 7756412 |
| coccidioidomycosis in 48 cats: a retrospective study (1984-1993) | coccidioidomycosis was diagnosed in 48 cats. forty-one cases were identified within a period of 3 years. coccidioides immitis was revealed by cytological or histopathological examinations, or culture in 70% of cats. the remaining 30% of cases were diagnosed by appropriate clinical signs, radiographic lesions, and serological test results. the average age of affected cats was 6.2 years with a median age of 5.0 years. fifty-four percent (n = 26) were female and 46% (n = 22) were male. domestic sho ... | 1995 | 7760314 |
| thoughts on retroviruses. | 1995 | 7782231 | |
| in vivo selection of long terminal repeat alterations in feline leukemia virus-induced thymic lymphomas. | to determine what genetic changes are selected in the enhancer sequences of the feline leukemia virus (felv) long terminal repeat in cats that develop t cell tumors, we cloned proviral u3 sequences in cats that died with thymic lymphoma following infection with molecularly cloned felv. analysis of the u3 enhancer region revealed single base changes, including point mutations in the core and flv-1 sequences. additionally, in clones from two of four cat tumors, portions of the enhancer including l ... | 1995 | 7831823 |
| systemic diseases with cutaneous manifestations. | the purpose of this article is to briefly discuss the following cutaneous manifestations of selected systemic diseases: poxvirus; feline leukemia virus (felv); feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv); herpesvirus; calcivirus; pseudorabies; plague; tularemia; toxoplasmosis; leishmania; hypothyroidism; hyperthyroidism; hyperadrenocorticism; diabetes mellitus; acromegaly; thallium poisoning; pancreatic disease; hypereosinophilic syndrome; mucopolysaccharidosis; and pansteatitis. recognition of these cu ... | 1995 | 8525575 |
| chromosomal translocations in two feline t-cell lymphomas. | two feline malignant lymphoma cell lines, ft-1 and ft-g, established from cats naturally infected with the feline leukemia virus were analyzed for chromosomal aberrations. both ft-1 and ft-g cells had a modal number of 38 which is the normal diploid (2n) chromosome number of the domestic cat. g-banding-analysis showed that ft-1 had a translocation involving the short arms of chromosome a2 and d3--t (a2;d3) (p-;p+), and ft-g had a translocation involving the short arms of chromosomes a2 and b2--t ... | 1995 | 8551803 |
| feline leukemia virus variants in experimentally induced thymic lymphosarcomas. | this study was initiated to evaluate the in vivo infectivity and pathogenicity of a group of recombinant feline leukemia viruses (rfelvs) previously generated by in vitro forced recombination between a felv subgroup a virus (felv-a) and an endogenous felv (enfelv) envelope (env) element (sheets et al., 1992, virology 190, 849-855). to determine infectivity of rfelvs, neonatal cats were inoculated with rfelvs alone or in combination with felv-a. the recombinant viruses were able to replicate effi ... | 1995 | 8553560 |
| caring for the retrovirus infected cat. | no commercial vaccine [correction of vacine] exists for feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), and although feline leukemia virus (felv) vaccines are available, they are neither 100% effective nor used in all cats. these realities clearly indicate the veterinarian will be required to treat either felv- or fiv-positive cats for some time to come. the management of fiv- or felv-positive cats may require supportive therapies as well as virus-specific therapies such as zidovudine (azt; retrovir, burro ... | 1995 | 8820595 |
| hematologic abnormalities associated with retroviral infections in the cat. | feline patients with unexplained peripheral blood cytopenias, circulating immature or neoplastic cells, dysplastic or dysmorphic bone marrow abnormalities, and/or lymphoid tumors are likely suffering from an underlying retroviral infection with feline leukemia virus (felv) and/or feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). cytopenic hematologic disorders are often caused by the direct or indirect hematosuppressive effects of these retroviruses. alternatively, secondary infections, nutritional deficienc ... | 1995 | 8820596 |
| development and testing of an inactivated feline leukemia virus vaccine. | we assessed an inactivated whole virus feline leukemia virus (felv) vaccine developed from a molecularly cloned feline leukemia virus isolate (felv-61e-a) for its ability to protect cats against homologous and heterologous virulent virus challenge. the fractions of cats that resisted the induction of persistent viremia after felv challenge were the following: (1) felv-61e-a vaccine, 95%; (2) adjuvant controls, 26%; and (3) established commercial control felv vaccine, 35%. the pre-challenge mean ... | 1995 | 8820598 |
| endogenous env elements: partners in generation of pathogenic feline leukemia viruses. | feline leukemia viruses (felvs), which are replication-competent oncoretroviruses of the domestic cat species, are contagiously transmitted in natural environments. they are capable of inducing either acute antiproliferative disease or, after prolonged latency, lymphoid malignancies in this animal population. current knowledge of the recombinational events between infectious felv and noninfectious endogenously inherited felv-like elements is reviewed, and the potential role of the derived recomb ... | 1995 | 8828142 |
| hiv and pet ownership. | the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) states that there is no evidence that dogs, cats or non-primate animals can contract the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) or transmit it to human beings. when the immune system is suppressed through disease, age, or medical treatments, a person becomes more vulnerable to infections. pets are wonderful support (paws) has developed guidelines for having pets. proper pet selection, proper pet care and good personal hygiene of the owner can elim ... | 1995 | 11362398 |
| applications of pox virus vectors to vaccination: an update. | recombinant pox viruses have been generated for vaccination against heterologous pathogens. amongst these, the following are notable examples. (i) the engineering of the copenhagen strain of vaccinia virus to express the rabies virus glycoprotein. when applied in baits, this recombinant has been shown to vaccinate the red fox in europe and raccoons in the united states, stemming the spread of rabies virus infection in the wild. (ii) a fowlpox-based recombinant expressing the newcastle disease vi ... | 1996 | 8876138 |
| prevalence of antibodies to feline parvovirus, calicivirus, herpesvirus, coronavirus, and immunodeficiency virus and of feline leukemia virus antigen and the interrelationship of these viral infections in free-ranging lions in east africa. | while viral infections and their impact are well studied in domestic cats, only limited information is available on their occurrence in free-ranging lions. the goals of the present study were (i) to investigate the prevalence of antibodies to feline calicivirus (fcv), herpesvirus (fhv), coronavirus (fcov), parvovirus (fpv), and immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and of feline leukemia virus (felv) antigen in 311 serum samples collected between 1984 and 1991 from lions inhabiting tanzania's national pa ... | 1996 | 8877134 |
| evidence that high-dosage zidovudine at time of retrovirus exposure reduces antiviral efficacy. | the antiviral efficacy of prophylactic 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (azt) therapy administered by continuous infusion or intermittent injection was compared in pediatric cats infected with feline leukemia virus. a 4-week treatment regimen of azt was initiated at -48, 8, or 96 h postinfection (p.i.). for azt therapy begun at -48 h p.i., significant efficacy was attained when therapy was given by continuous infusion but not by intermittent injection. however, when azt therapy was delayed until 96 h ... | 1996 | 8878603 |
| retroviral transmission in bone allotransplantation. the effects of tissue processing. | the transmission of a retrovirus through transplantation of processed bone allografts was studied using the feline leukemia virus. the long bones of 4 previously infected donor cats were harvested and assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups: single freeze/thaw cycle, double freeze/thaw cycle, or double freeze/thaw cycle with water flush to remove bone marrow. cortical bone grafts and corticocancellous bone grafts from each treatment group were transplanted into individual specific-pathogen-free reci ... | 1996 | 8595768 |
| parasite prevalence in free-ranging farm cats, felis silvestris catus. | no animals tested were positive for feline leukemia virus antigen and chlamydia psittaci antibodies, but all were positive for antibodies to feline calicivirus (fcv), feline herpesvirus 1 (fhv1) and rotavirus. they had antibodies to feline parvovirus (96%), feline coronavirus (84% and cowpox virus (2%). antibody to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was found in 53% of animals, which were less likely to be infected with haemobartonella felis, and had higher fhv antibody titres than cats without ... | 1996 | 8620914 |
| histologic classification and immunophenotype of lymphosarcomas in cats with naturally and experimentally acquired feline immunodeficiency virus infections. | lymphosarcoma (malignant lymphoma) is the commonest hematopoietic tumor in the cat. many cases are associated with feline leukemia virus (felv) infection, but epidemiologic and experimental data suggest that feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) may also have a role in lymphomagenesis. in this paper, we describe the clinical presentation, histologic classification, and immunophenotype of lymphosarcoma in eight domestic cats with natural or experimental fiv infections. the tumors were often of unus ... | 1996 | 8740699 |
| use of immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction for detection of oncornaviruses in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded fibrosarcomas from cats. | to determine whether there was intralesional infection or expression of felv or feline sarcoma virus in suspected vaccine-associated fibrosarcomas in cats. | 1996 | 8756876 |
| felv testing. | 1996 | 8795188 | |
| identification and deletion of sequences required for feline leukemia virus rna packaging and construction of a high-titer feline leukemia virus packaging cell line. | sequences required for specific encapsidation of feline leukemia virus (felv) genomic rna have not yet been defined. deletion of 107 nucleotides between the splice donor (sd) and the gag coding region of a prototypic subgroup a felv, 61e, resulted in an approximately 200-fold reduction of packaged viral rna. virus particle production was not disrupted by the deletion, although viral infectivity was dramatically reduced. these data indicate that the 107-nucleotide sequence comprises a portion of ... | 1996 | 8806483 |
| pulmonary and mediastinal metastases of a vaccination-site sarcoma in a cat. | sarcomas at vaccination sites in cats were first reported in 1992. recent retrospective studies have confirmed an association between these vaccination-site sarcomas (vss) and feline leukemia virus (felv) and/ or rabies vaccines. in most cases, vss are locally invasive fibrosarcomas that tend to recur but rarely metastasize. we report the mediastinal and pulmonary metastases of a vss in a felv-and feline immunodeficiency virus-negative, 8-year-old, domestic short-haired cat. the primary sarcoma ... | 1996 | 8817854 |