Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| evolution of replication efficiency following infection with a molecularly cloned feline immunodeficiency virus of low virulence. | the development of an effective vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus is considered to be the most practicable means of controlling the advancing global aids epidemic. studies with the domestic cat have demonstrated that vaccinal immunity to infection can be induced against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv); however, protection is largely restricted to laboratory strains of fiv and does not extend to primary strains of the virus. we compared the pathogenicity of two prototypic vaccine c ... | 2002 | 12021339 |
| prevalence of feline leukemia virus infection and serum antibodies against feline immunodeficiency virus in unowned free-roaming cats. | to determine prevalence of felv infection and serum antibodies against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in unowned free-roaming cats. | 2002 | 12418520 |
| expression of chemokine receptors in the feline reproductive tract and large intestine. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a lentivirus that causes feline acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. infection can be transmitted experimentally via the vagina and rectum, making the cat a useful model for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. some strains of fiv use the cxcr4 chemokine receptor in vitro to gain entry to feline cell lines, thymocytes and peripheral blood leucocytes (pbls). in this study, the tissue expression of messenger ribonucleic acid (mrna) encoding the ccr3, ... | 2002 | 12056777 |
| addictive drug increases hiv replication and mutation. | 2002 | 12150837 | |
| retrospective study of 46 cases of feline haemobartonellosis in israel and their relationships with felv and fiv infections. | forty-six cats with clinical haemobartonellosis were studied; 75 per cent of the cats of known age were two-and-a-half years old or younger, 50 per cent were intact males and 19.5 per cent were castrated males. the predominant signs of the disease were tachypnoea, lethargy, depression, anorexia, infestation with fleas, pale mucous membranes, icterus, emaciation, dehydration, splenomegaly, anaemia, leucocytosis, increased activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, and ... | 2002 | 12164225 |
| cd8+ t cells from feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infected cats suppress exogenous fiv replication of their peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) isolates from domestic cats have been classified into five subtypes, designated a, b, c, d and e. although many fiv-infected cats may have frequent contact with multiple strains of fiv, they usually become infected with a single fiv subtype. in the present study, we demonstrate that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of fiv infected cats were resistant to exogenous fiv (second virus) replication in vitro and that the resistance of these pbmc was mediate ... | 2002 | 12181672 |
| nonpathogenic lion and puma lentiviruses impart resistance to superinfection by virulent feline immunodeficiency virus. | lion lentivirus (llv) and puma lentivirus (plv) exist as highly divergent virus clades among populations of indigenously infected nondomestic felidae. the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is highly divergent from llv and plv and is pathogenic for domestic cats. when domestic cats are infected with llv or plv, they have immunologically and clinically silent persistent infections. we examined whether llv or plv infection might impart resistance to fiv superinfection in vitro by infecting domest ... | 2002 | 11782584 |
| longitudinal analysis of feline leukemia virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes: correlation with recovery from infection. | feline leukemia virus (felv) is a common naturally occurring gammaretrovirus of domestic cats that is associated with degenerative diseases of the hematopoietic system, immunodeficiency, and neoplasia. although the majority of cats exposed to felv develop a transient infection and recover, a proportion of cats become persistently viremic and many subsequently develop fatal diseases. to define the dominant host immune effector mechanisms responsible for the outcome of infection, we studied the lo ... | 2002 | 11836409 |
| kinetics of early fiv infection in cats exposed via the vaginal versus intravenous route. | to determine the influence of route of virus exposure on early pathogenesis of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection, cats were exposed to either of two fiv isolates (fiv-b-2542 or fiv-a-ppr) by vaginal or intravenous (iv) inoculation. exposure to either virus clade by either route of inoculation resulted in vaginal and systemic infection. peak plasma viremia and tissue proviral burden were 1-3 log(10) greater in cats infected with fiv-b-2542 vs. fiv-a-ppr, irrespective of inoculation ro ... | 2002 | 11839157 |
| detection of feline immunodeficiency virus rna by two nucleic acid sequence based amplification (nasba) formats. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is an aids-inducing lentivirus that infects domestic cats worldwide. because of its clinicopathologic similarities to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection, the fiv/cat infection system is a valuable animal model for investigating comparative aspects of hiv-1 biology. an assay that detects quickly and efficiently fiv rna in relatively small volume samples of feline blood or other body fluids would be of benefit in studies of viral transmission ... | 2002 | 11906728 |
| involvement of cytolytic and non-cytolytic t cells in the control of feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | the appearance of non-cytolytic t cells that suppressed feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) replication in vitro, and fiv-specific cytotoxic t cell (ctl) responses was compared in a group of seven, specific pathogen free (spf) domestic cats following primary infection with the glasgow(8) isolate of fiv (fiv(gl-8)). fiv proviral burdens were quantified in the blood and lymphoid tissues by real-time pcr. non-cytolytic t cell suppression of fiv replication was measured by co-cultivating lymphoblast ... | 2002 | 11943317 |
| a multivariate statistical analysis to follow the course of disease after infection of cats with different strains of the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). | a descriptive multivariate assay is described which is suitable to analyze results of a biological experiment with small sample size but high qualitative and quantitative complexity of variables. this type of assay allows evaluation of multiple variables observed in the course of an experimental virus infection (e.g. viremia, nucleic acid detection, antibody titers, clinical parameters, anti-microbial treatments or vaccination) in a single graph. in our study, a multiple correspondence analysis ... | 2002 | 12008010 |
| productive infection of the bone marrow cells in feline immunodeficiency virus infected cats. | bone marrow stromal cells (bmsc) from cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) were shown to contain fiv provirus using polymerase chain reaction and viral products were detected in culture supernatant using reverse transcriptase and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay techniques. peripheral blood mononuclear cells from fiv-free cats co-cultured with infected bone marrow cells became productively infected with fiv. such evidence supports the hypothesis that bmsc are a ... | 2002 | 12021873 |
| choroid plexus macrophages proliferate and release toxic factors in response to feline immunodeficiency virus. | recent observations have suggested that lentiviruses stimulate the proliferation and activation of microglia. a similar effect within the dense macrophage population of the choroid plexus could have significant implications for trafficking of virus and inflammatory cells into the brain. to explore this possibility, we cultured fetal feline macrophages and examined their response to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) or the t-cell-derived protein, recombinant human cd40-ligand trimer (rhucd40-l) ... | 2002 | 12053277 |
| animal models of retroviral encephalopathies: feline model. | human immunodeficiency virus infection in children and adults results in a progressive neurodegenerative disease consistent with a predominant subcortical mediated dementia. techniques for developing a feline model of the early stages of lentiviral-associated neurodegeneration are presented. the behavioral, neurophysiologic, immunologic, virologic, and neuropathologic aspects of this model are also described. | 2002 | 18428574 |
| influence of preassay and sequence variations on viral load determination by a multiplex real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for feline immunodeficiency virus. | determination of retroviral load is an important tool in the investigation of the success of therapeutic or vaccination trials in patients infected with lentiviruses such as hiv, or with their simian (siv) or feline (fiv) counterparts. we have developed an one-tube quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay based on the abi prism 7700 sequence detection system (taqman) to quantify the viral load of fiv-infected cats. two different primer/probe systems were design ... | 2001 | 11176264 |
| identification of a central dna flap in feline immunodeficiency virus. | a duplication of the polypurine tract (ppt) at the center of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) genome (the cppt) has been shown to prime a separate plus-strand initiation and to result in a plus-strand displacement (dna flap) that plays a role in nuclear import of the viral preintegration complex. feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a lentivirus that infects nondividing cells, causes progressive cd4(+) t-cell depletion, and has been used as a substrate for lentiviral vectors. ho ... | 2001 | 11533203 |
| viral evolution in response to the broad-based retroviral protease inhibitor tl-3. | tl-3 is a protease inhibitor developed using the feline immunodeficiency virus protease as a model. it has been shown to efficiently inhibit replication of human, simian, and feline immunodeficiency viruses and therefore has broad-based activity. we now demonstrate that tl-3 efficiently inhibits the replication of 6 of 12 isolates with confirmed resistance mutations to known protease inhibitors. to dissect the spectrum of molecular changes in protease and viral properties associated with resista ... | 2001 | 11533212 |
| cxcr4 is the primary receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus in astrocytes. | feline astrocytes were productively infected with the crandell feline kidney (crfk) cell-adapted feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) petaluma strain in a primary culture. they expressed mrna of cxcr4, and the fiv infection was blocked by stromal cell-derived factor 1alpha (sdf-1alpha), sdf-1beta, or the bicyclam amd3100 in a dose-dependent manner. these observations suggest that, like fiv infection in crfk cells and lymphocytes, the virus uses cxcr4 as a primary receptor for infecting astrocytes ... | 2001 | 11582522 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus status of australian cats with lymphosarcoma. | to determine the fiv status of australian cats with lymphosarcoma and relate this to patient characteristics, tumour characteristics (tissue involvement, histological grade and immunophenotype), haematological and serum biochemical values and felv status of affected cats. | 2001 | 11599813 |
| partial characterization and tissue distribution of the feline mu opiate receptor. | heroin abuse is a common route of acquiring hiv-1 infection. however, the effects of opiates on lentivirus disease progression are not well understood. feline immunodeficiency virus is recognized as a good animal model for hiv-1, but characterization of the opiate receptor system in cats is lacking. here we report the partial sequencing of the feline mu opiate receptor (mor) and demonstrate a homology of 92 and 93% to the published human mor sequences. additionally, mor transcripts were detected ... | 2001 | 11245968 |
| combined omental pedicle grafts and thoracodorsal axial pattern flaps for the reconstruction of chronic, nonhealing axillary wounds in cats. | to assess the results of an omental pedicle graft in combination with a thoracodorsal axial pattern flap for the reconstruction of chronic nonhealing axillary wounds in 10 cats caused by forelimb entrapment within a collar. | 2001 | 11443600 |
| xenoinfection of nonhuman primates by feline immunodeficiency virus. | new viral infections in humans usually result from viruses that have been transmitted from other species as zoonoses. for example, it is accepted widely that human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is the result of the propagation and adaptation of a simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) from nonhuman primates to man [1]. previously, we reported productive infection of primary human cells in vitro by feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) [2], a lentivirus that causes an immunodeficiency syndrome in cats ... | 2001 | 11509233 |
| interleukin-1beta production in periradicular lesions in a human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome model compared with a noninfected host. | this study elucidates the role of interleukin-1 (il-1) in developing periradicular lesions in immunocompetent and immunocompromised (human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome) hosts. eight cats were immunosuppressed with steroids before infection with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). eight uninoculated cats served as controls. periradicular lesions were induced around the canine teeth. at 1 and 4 wk periradicular exudate was sampled via the root canals. il-1beta levels ... | 2001 | 11501585 |
| auricular chondritis in a cat. | a four-year-old male neutered domestic shorthaired cat developed bilateral thickening of the pinnae, with slight curling, intense erythema and pain. no ear canal disease was present. the cat was negative for feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukaemia virus and feline coronavirus. biopsy of the ear lesion revealed auricular chondritis. in humans, histologically similar lesions may involve the pinnae, nose, trachea, joints, eyes and heart, and the disease is termed relapsing polychondritis. t ... | 2001 | 11688526 |
| fiv vector systems. | why is feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) such an appealing candidate for gene therapy vector development? phylogenetic analysis suggests fiv is only distantly related to the primate lentiviruses, and despite repeated exposure, neither seroconversion nor other detectable evidence of human infection occurs. fiv naturally infects diverse felidae worldwide, including the domestic cat. here, the disease progression parallels the immunodeficiency caused by hiv, and for that reason, fiv and the cat p ... | 2001 | 12465464 |
| molecular mimicry between the trimeric ectodomain of the transmembrane protein of immunosuppressive lentiviruses (hiv-siv-fiv) and interleukin 2. | this work shows the presence of structural and physical analogies between some precise sites of the trimeric ectodomain of the transmembrane envelope glycoproteins of the hiv, siv and fiv viruses and some precise sites of the interleukin 2 of the corresponding infected species (man, monkey, cat, respectively). in all the cases examined, the ectodomains of gp41 (hiv-siv) and gp36 (fiv), because of their trimeric structure, place in the same spatial configuration the same amino acids clusters as t ... | 2000 | 11144025 |
| structural studies of fiv and hiv-1 proteases complexed with an efficient inhibitor of fiv protease. | three forms of feline immunodeficiency virus protease (fiv pr), the wild type (wt) and two single point mutants, v59i and q99v, as well as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease (hiv-1 pr), were cocrystallized with the c2-symmetric inhibitor, tl-3. the mutants of fiv pr were designed to replace residues involved in enzyme-ligand interactions by the corresponding hiv-1 pr residues at the structurally equivalent position. tl-3 shows decreased (improved) inhibition constants with these fiv pr ... | 2000 | 10651036 |
| feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus. | ophthalmic manifestations of felv or fiv infection can occur in all ocular tissues and may be manifestations of direct viral effects or secondary to viral-related malignant transformation. additionally, the manifestations of common feline ophthalmic pathogens may be more severe and poorly responsive to therapy because of the immunosuppressive effects of felv or fiv infection. prompt diagnosis of underlying viral infection in cats with ophthalmic disease is paramount for accurate diagnosis and pr ... | 2000 | 11033869 |
| 8-difluoromethoxy-4-quinolone derivatives as anti-feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) agents: important structural features for inhibitory activity of fiv replication. | the inhibitory activities of various 8-difluoromethoxy-4-quinolone derivatives against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) replication in the chronically infected cell line p-crfk were investigated. certain derivatives were found to inhibit fiv production from p-crfk cells in a dose-dependent manner without exhibiting cytotoxic effects at inhibitory concentrations. based on this study, the structures important for anti-fiv activity are suggested to be (i) a carboxyl group at position c-3, and (i ... | 2000 | 10852398 |
| relationship of lymphoid lesions to disease course in mucosal feline immunodeficiency virus type c infection. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection typically has a prolonged and variable disease course in cats, which can limit its usefulness as a model for human immunodeficiency virus infection. a clade c fiv isolate (fiv-c) has been associated with high viral burdens and rapidly progressive disease in cats. fiv-c was transmissible via oral-nasal, vaginal, or rectal mucosal exposure, and infection resulted in one of three disease courses: rapid, conventional/slow, or regressive. the severity of ... | 2000 | 11055861 |
| efficient transduction of nondividing cells by optimized feline immunodeficiency virus vectors. | second- and third-generation three-plasmid vector systems, termed felix, were constructed from feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). to enhance vector production, the weak fiv long terminal repeat promoter was replaced with the human cytomegalovirus enhancer/promoter. to construct a minimal system in which gag-pol was the only viral protein present, the cytoplasmic transport element was used in place of the fiv rev-rre system to facilitate nuclear export of gag-pol and the transfer vector. unconc ... | 2000 | 10933909 |
| multiple antiviral activities of cyanovirin-n: blocking of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 interaction with cd4 and coreceptor and inhibition of diverse enveloped viruses. | cyanovirin-n (cv-n) is a cyanobacterial protein with potent neutralizing activity against human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). cv-n has been shown to bind hiv type 1 (hiv-1) gp120 with high affinity; moreover, it blocks the envelope glycoprotein-mediated membrane fusion reaction associated with hiv-1 entry. however, the inhibitory mechanism(s) remains unclear. in this study, we show that cv-n blocked binding of gp120 to cell-associated cd4. consistent with this, pretreatment of gp120 with cv-n in ... | 2000 | 10775592 |
| long-term impact on a closed household of pet cats of natural infection with feline coronavirus, feline leukaemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus. | a closed household of 26 cats in which feline coronavirus (fcov), feline leukaemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) were endemic was observed for 10 years. each cat was seropositive for fcov on at least one occasion and the infection was maintained by reinfection. after 10 years, three of six surviving cats were still seropositive. only one cat, which was also infected with fiv, developed feline infectious peritonitis (fip). rising anti-fcov antibody titres did not indicate t ... | 2000 | 10811262 |
| vaccination with inactivated virus but not viral dna reduces virus load following challenge with a heterologous and virulent isolate of feline immunodeficiency virus. | it has been shown that cats can be protected against infection with the prototypic petaluma strain of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv(pet)) using vaccines based on either inactivated virus particles or replication-defective proviral dna. however, the utility of such vaccines in the field is uncertain, given the absence of consistent protection against antigenically distinct strains and the concern that the petaluma strain may be an unrepresentative, attenuated isolate. since reduction of vira ... | 2000 | 11000209 |
| prevalence of enteric zoonotic organisms in cats. | to determine prevalence of enteric zoonotic organisms in cats in north-central colorado. | 2000 | 10707683 |
| contrastive prevalence of feline retrovirus infections between northern and southern vietnam. | the prevalence of infections with three feline retroviruses; feline leukemia virus (felv), feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and feline foamy virus (fefv), was examined in domestic cats (felis catus) and leopard cats (felis bengalensis) in southern vietnam in 1998. we then compared this data with our previous study in northern vietnam in 1997. none of the cats had felv antigens in both the northern and southern areas. in contrast, there is a great distinction in the seropositivity of fiv. twen ... | 2000 | 10993195 |
| prevalence and pathogenicity of retroviruses in wildcats in france. | feline leukaemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) are frequently encountered in domestic cats (felis catus) and in wild felids, but only felv has been previously identified in wildcats (fellis silvestris). thirty-eight wildcats, either captured alive or found dead, were sampled in eastern and central france. nine of them (23.7 per cent) carried the felv p27 antigen, and three (7.9 per cent) had antibodies to fiv. there was a significant relationship between two measures of bo ... | 2000 | 10766116 |
| methamphetamine and hiv-1: potential interactions and the use of the fiv/cat model. | the interaction of methamphetamine with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), the aetiologic agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids), has not been thoroughly investigated. however, increasingly, a larger proportion of hiv infected individuals acquire the virus through methamphetamine use or are exposed to this drug during their disease course. in certain populations, there is a convergence of methamphetamine use and hiv-1 infection; yet our understanding of the potential effects that s ... | 2000 | 11106303 |
| mucosal immunization with experimental feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) vaccines induces both antibody and t cell responses but does not protect against rectal fiv challenge. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a natural lentiviral pathogen of cats which can be experimentally transmitted via rectal and vaginal routes--the major routes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission in man. an important objective for lentiviral research is the development of vaccine strategies which generate good mucosal immune responses capable of giving protection from a mucosal virus challenge. the experimental vaccines employed in this study were based on (a) a peptide from ... | 2000 | 10869770 |
| lentivirus infection in the brain induces matrix metalloproteinase expression: role of envelope diversity. | infection of the brain by lentiviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), causes inflammation and results in neurodegeneration. molecular diversity within the lentivirus envelope gene has been implicated in the regulation of cell tropism and the host response to infection. here, we examine the hypothesis that envelope sequence diversity modulates the expression of host molecules implicated in lentivirus-induced brain disease, including matrix m ... | 2000 | 10906175 |
| prevalence of fiv and felv infections in cats in istanbul. | 2000 | 11716594 | |
| t cells overexpressing interferon-gamma and interleukin-10 are found in both the thymus and secondary lymphoid tissues of feline immunodeficiency virus-infected cats. | similar to human immunodeficiency virus type 1, feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) replicates in the thymus of infected animals, causing marked alteration in thymic lymphocyte subpopulations. the immune phenotype and cytokine patterns in the thymus and secondary lymphoid tissues of fiv-infected cats were investigated. fiv infection caused an acute-stage transient reduction in cd4cd8 double-positive thymocytes, a marked increase in cd8 single-positive thymocytes, and formation of thymic b cell l ... | 2000 | 10669340 |
| factors influencing cellular immune responses to feline immunodeficiency virus induced by dna vaccination. | virus-specific effector cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) were elicited in the peripheral blood of domestic cats following a single intramuscular inoculation of replication defective feline immunodeficiency virus proviral dna (fivdeltart). higher levels of virus-specific cytolysis were observed in the blood when cats were co-inoculated with feline gamma-interferon (ifn) dna. the responses declined by 12 weeks following the first dna inoculation and were, with the exception of fiv gag-specific respon ... | 2000 | 10590334 |
| detection, identification, and correction of a bias in an epidemiological study. | the relative lack of epidemiological studies of natural populations is partly due to the difficulty of obtaining samples that are both large enough and representative of the population. here, we present the result of an epidemiological study (december 1992-august 1995) of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in a free-roaming population of domestic cats (felis catus), with a special emphasis on sample bias. over five trapping periods, the prevalence of fiv in sampled cats steadily declined. acros ... | 2000 | 10682746 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus vif localizes to the nucleus. | monoclonal antibodies prepared against recombinant vif derived from the 34tf10 strain of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) were used to assess the expression and localization of vif in virus-infected cells. analyses by western blotting and by immunoprecipitation from cells infected with fiv-34tf10 revealed the presence of a single 29-kda species specific for virus-infected cells. confirmation of antibody specificity was also performed by specific immunoprecipitation of in vitro-transcribed and ... | 2000 | 10684267 |
| replication rate of feline immunodeficiency virus in astrocytes is envelope dependent: implications for glutamate uptake. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) induces neurological abnormalities in domestic cats. previously, we demonstrated that two disparate strains of fiv (fiv-34tf10 and fiv-ppr) varied greatly in the ability to replicate in feline cortical astrocytes. to investigate the impact of the env region on the replication efficiency of these strains, we constructed two env chimera viruses, fiv-34tf10-pprenv and fiv-ppr-34tf10env, to infect feline cortical astrocytes in vitro. although all of these viruses ... | 2000 | 10612672 |
| in vivo infection of ramified microglia from adult cat central nervous system by feline immunodeficiency virus. | infection of microglial cells by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is supposed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of aids-related central nervous system (cns) complications. so far, however, experimental data about interactions between hiv and ramified microglia from the adult cns were only occasionally reported, making it difficult to understand the exact nature of pathogenic events contributing to hiv-encephalopathy. therefore, we used the animal model of feline immunodeficienc ... | 2000 | 10704350 |
| suppression of feline immunodeficiency virus replication in vitro by a soluble factor secreted by cd8+ t lymphocytes. | mitogen-activated lymphoblasts isolated from the blood and lymph nodes, but not the spleen, of domestic cats acutely infected with the petaluma or glasgow8 isolates of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), suppressed the replication of fiv in the mya-1 t-cell line in a dose-dependent manner. this effect was not limited to the homologous isolate of fiv. the suppressor activity declined with progression to chronic infection, with lower levels of activity detectable only in the lymph nodes. immuniza ... | 1999 | 10233699 |
| bicyclams, selective antagonists of the human chemokine receptor cxcr4, potently inhibit feline immunodeficiency virus replication. | bicyclams are low-molecular-weight anti-human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) agents that have been shown to act as potent and selective cxc chemokine receptor 4 (cxcr4) antagonists. here, we demonstrate that bicyclams are potent inhibitors of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) replication when evaluated in crandell feline kidney (crfk) cells. with a series of bicyclam derivatives, 50% inhibitory concentrations (ic50s) against fiv were obtained in this cell system that were comparable to those obt ... | 1999 | 10400726 |
| interspecies transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus from the domestic cat to the tsushima cat (felis bengalensis euptilura) in the wild. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was isolated from a wild-caught tsushima cat (felis bengalensis euptilura), an endangered japanese nondomestic subspecies of leopard cat (f. bengalensis). phylogenetic analysis of the env gene sequences indicated that the fiv from the tsushima cat belonged to a cluster of subtype d fivs from domestic cats. fivs from both the tsushima cat and the domestic cat showed similar levels of replication and cytopathicity in lymphoid cell lines derived from these two sp ... | 1999 | 10438892 |
| envelope gene sequences encoding variable regions 3 and 4 are involved in macrophage tropism of feline immunodeficiency virus. | the envelope is of cardinal importance for the entry of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) into its host cells, which consist of cells of the immune system including macrophages. to characterize the envelope glycoprotein determinants involved in macrophage tropism, chimeric infectious molecular clones were constructed containing envelope gene sequences from isolates that had been propagated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). the progeny virus was examined for growth in pbmc and bone ... | 1999 | 10573157 |
| variable constraints on the principal immunodominant domain of the transmembrane glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | lentiviruses have in their transmembrane glycoprotein (tm) a highly immunogenic structure referred to as the principal immunodominant domain (pid). the pid forms a loop of 5 to 7 amino acids between two conserved cysteines. previous studies showed that envelope (env) glycoprotein functions of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) could be retained after extensive mutation of the pid loop sequence, in spite of its high conservation. in order to compare env function in different lentiviruses, either ... | 1999 | 10364320 |
| neuron loss and axon reorganization in the dentate gyrus of cats infected with the feline immunodeficiency virus. | the pathophysiological bases of cognitive, motor, and behavioral abnormalities in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) remain largely unknown. to test the possibility that changes in hippocampal neuronal structure may contribute to these neurologic abnormalities, we examined the brains of cats infected with the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), an animal model of hiv-1 infection. we evaluated the dentate gyrus by using timm's staining to estimate the extent of granu ... | 1999 | 10421868 |
| mhc-restricted protection of cats against fiv infection by adoptive transfer of immune cells from fiv-vaccinated donors. | the role of cellular immunity in vaccine protection against fiv infection was evaluated using adoptive cell transfer studies. specific-pathogen-free cats received two adoptive transfers of washed blood cells from either vaccinated or unvaccinated donors with varying mhc compatibility at 1-week intervals, and a homologous fiv(pet) challenge 1 day after the first adoptive transfer. fiv-specific ctl, ifn-gamma production, and proliferation responses were detected in the pbmc from the vaccinated don ... | 1999 | 10612649 |
| mapping the specificity of an anti-feline immunodeficiency virus monoclonal antibody using a filamentous phage displayed peptide library. | recent developments in peptide technology enable the use of random peptide libraries for identifying linear amino acid sequences (mimotopes) which can mimic conformational epitopes without necessarily exhibiting amino acid sequence homology with the native linear sequence. in this study a 15-mer random peptide library displayed on the surface of a filamentous phage has been used to characterise the conformational epitopes recognised by a monoclonal antibody raised against the envelope protein gp ... | 1999 | 10506664 |
| bad for cats, good for humans? modified feline immunodeficiency virus for gene therapy. | 1999 | 10587510 | |
| in vivo monocyte tropism of pathogenic feline immunodeficiency viruses. | virus-infected monocytes rarely are detected in the bloodstreams of animals or people infected with immunodeficiency-inducing lentiviruses, yet tissue macrophages are thought to be a major reservoir of virus-infected cells in vivo. we have identified feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) clinical isolates that are pathogenic in cats and readily transmitted vertically. we report here that five of these fiv isolates are highly monocytotropic in vivo. however, while fiv-infected monocytes were numero ... | 1999 | 10400783 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus envelope protein (fivgp120) causes electrophysiological alterations in rats. | close to 20% of the patients infected with the aids virus develops neurological deficit; eventhough hiv does not invade neurons. consistently with the neurological deficit, hiv(+) subjects show abnormalities in brainstem auditory and visual evoked potentials (bsaep and vep) and in sleep patterns. the hiv-derived glycoprotein 120 has been postulated as a neurotoxic; therefore, it may be playing a crucial role in the generation of bsaep and vep, as well as in sleep disturbances. to study the role ... | 1999 | 10415420 |
| the feline immunodeficiency virus vif gene is required for productive infection of feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells and monocyte-derived macrophages. | the role of the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) vif gene in establishing productive infection in feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) and monocyte-derived macrophages (mdms) was examined in cell culture systems. a 375-bp deletion was introduced into the vif gene of the wild-type fiv-pppr infectious molecular clone to produce vif deletion mutant fiv-ppprdeltavif. this mutant fiv proviral construct expressed fiv proteins p24gag and gp100env in transfected crandell feline kidney ce ... | 1999 | 10441553 |
| investigation of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor type i in thymus regeneration in the acute stage of experimental fiv infection in juvenile cats. | thymus involvement and the development of thymic lesions in hiv-1 infection is hypothesized to suppress thymus function and limit t cell maturation and replenishment of the peripheral lymphoid pool. therapeutic modulation to protect or enhance thymus function may therefore ameliorate peripheral lymphocytopenia and retard disease progression. thymotrophic agents, such as insulin-like growth factor type i (igf-i), may therefore represent adjunctive but important methods of treatment to protect or ... | 1999 | 10515153 |
| the effects of feline retroviruses on cytokine expression. | to identify potential roles of cytokines in retroviral pathogenesis, we used reverse transcription-quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (rt-qcpcr) assays to characterize mrna levels of 19 different lymphokines, chemokines, monokines and hematopoietic growth factors in three feline cell lines productively infected with subgroup a feline leukemia virus (felv-a) or various feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) strains. infection of a cd8+, cd5- large granular lymphocyte (lgl) cell line ... | 1999 | 10628677 |
| circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopic properties of the major core protein of feline immunodeficiency virus and its tryptophan mutants. assignment of the individual contribution of the aromatic sidechains. | the gene coding for the major capsid protein of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) has been cloned into the expression vector pqe60, which allows protein purification by affinity chromatography on a nitrilotriacetic acid/ni/agarose column. the gene was expressed in escherichia coli and the resultant soluble protein (fiv-rp24) purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. the amino-acid composition of the recombinant protein is almost identical to that predicted from the dna sequence. this protein ha ... | 1999 | 10583405 |
| comparison of inhibitor binding to feline and human immunodeficiency virus proteases: structure-based drug design and the resistance problem. | the design and synthesis of compounds targeted against human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1) protease have resulted in effective antiviral therapies. however, the rapid replication of the virus and the inherent mutability of the viral genome result in the outgrowth of resistant strains in the majority of patients. thus, there is a continuing need to develop new antiprotease compounds that may bind more effectively to the resistant forms of protease. this contribution examines the binding of a s ... | 1999 | 10380354 |
| pure red cell aplasia in cats: 9 cases (1989-1997). | to evaluate clinical features, laboratory test results, treatment, and outcome of felv-negative cats with pure red cell aplasia (prca) diagnosed by examination of bone marrow. | 1999 | 9887944 |
| analysis of the protective immunity induced by feline immunodeficiency virus vaccination. | 1999 | 9890025 | |
| bartonella spp infection as a possible cause of uveitis in a cat. | a 6-year-old castrated mixed-breed cat was evaluated because of unilateral anterior uveitis. the cat was seronegative for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii, coronaviruses, and feline immunodeficiency virus, and antigens for felv p27 and cryptococcus neoformans. antibodies to bartonella spp were detected in serum and aqueous humor. the antibody coefficient (c value) for igg antibodies to bartonella spp in the aqueous humor was 4.42; values > 1 suggest ocular production of antibodies and supports a ... | 1999 | 10212684 |
| epidemiology of feline foamy virus and feline immunodeficiency virus infections in domestic and feral cats: a seroepidemiological study. | although foamy viruses (spumaviruses) have repeatedly been isolated from both healthy and diseased cats, cattle, and primates, the primary mode of transmission of those common viruses remains undefined. a database of the feline foamy virus (fefv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) antibody status, age, and sex of 389 domestic cats presented to veterinarians was assembled. a similar database for 66 feral (wild) cats was also assembled. that fefv antibody status reflects infection was validat ... | 1999 | 10449463 |
| shared usage of the chemokine receptor cxcr4 by primary and laboratory-adapted strains of feline immunodeficiency virus. | strains of the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) presently under investigation exhibit distinct patterns of in vitro tropism. in particular, the adaptation of fiv for propagation in crandell feline kidney (crfk) cells results in the selection of strains capable of forming syncytia with cell lines of diverse species origin. the infection of crfk cells by crfk-adapted strains appears to require the chemokine receptor cxcr4 and is inhibited by its natural ligand, stromal cell-derived factor 1alph ... | 1999 | 10196258 |
| feline viruses in wildcats from scotland. | few data are available on the prevalence of feline viruses in european wildcats (felis silvestris). previous surveys have indicated that wildcats may be infected with the common viruses of domestic cats, apart from feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). in the present study, 50 wildcats trapped throughout scotland (uk) between august 1992 and january 1997 were tested for evidence of viral infection. all were negative for fiv by several serological or virological methods. by contrast, 10% of the ca ... | 1999 | 10073361 |
| shedding of feline immunodeficiency virus in semen of domestic cats during acute infection. | to examine shedding of cell-free and cell-associated feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in semen of domestic cats during acute infection. | 1999 | 10048554 |
| attempt to modify the immune response developed against fiv gp120 protein by preliminary fiv dna injection. | following inactivated virus vaccination trials, the surface glycoprotein gp120 (su) of the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was considered as one of the determinants for protection. however, several vaccination trials using recombinant env protein or some env-derived peptides failed to induce protection. to study the influence of the environment in which the surface protein (su) is injected. we analyzed the impact of a nucleocapsid (nc) dna immunization on the presentation of the recsu protei ... | 1999 | 10073718 |
| productive infection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by feline immunodeficiency virus: implications for vector development. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a lentivirus causing immune suppression and neurological disease in cats. like primate lentiviruses, fiv utilizes the chemokine receptor cxcr4 for infection. in addition, fiv gene expression has been demonstrated in immortalized human cell lines. to investigate the extent and mechanism by which fiv infected primary and immortalized human cell lines, we compared the infectivity of two fiv strains, v1csf and petaluma, after cell-free infection. fiv genome was ... | 1999 | 9971834 |
| high prevalence of borna disease virus in domestic cats with neurological disorders in japan. | a total of 15 (t-1-t-15) domestic cats with neurological disorders in tokyo area were examined for association with borna disease virus (bdv). none had detectable antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), feline leukemia virus, feline infectious peritonitis virus and toxoplasma gondii, and only cat t-8 had detectable antibody to fiv. serological and molecular epidemiological studies revealed a significantly high prevalence of bdv infection in these cats: antibodies against bdv p24 and/o ... | 1999 | 10596800 |
| bias-corrected confidence intervals for the concentration parameter in a dilution assay. | interval estimates of the concentration of target entities from a serial dilution assay are usually based on the maximum likelihood estimator. the distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator is skewed to the right and is positively biased. this bias results in interval estimates that either provide inadequate coverage relative to the nominal level or yield excessively long intervals. confidence intervals based on both log transformation and bias reduction are proposed and are shown through ... | 1999 | 11318144 |
| use of nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for detection of retroviruses from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded uveal melanomas in cats. | thirty-six formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded enucleated globes from cats with a diagnosis of diffuse anterior uveal melanoma were obtained. sections of tumor were excised, deparaffinized, and subjected to nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to identify proviral dna sequences from the feline leukemia virus (felv)-feline sarcoma virus (fesv; 36 eyes), and the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv; 18 eyes). all samples tested were negative for fiv dna. three samples were positive for felv-fesv dna ... | 1999 | 11397251 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection leads to increased incidence of feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions (forl). | feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions (forl), previously known as 'neck lesions,' are commonly known in domestic, but also in non-domestic cats. they are characterized by odontoclastic resorptive processes, which take place at the dental root and at the periodontium. chronic inflammation of gingiva and periodontium is believed to be an important etiological factor in the development of forl. in this context, various feline viruses have been discussed to play a relevant role in the pathogenesis ... | 1998 | 9839881 |
| molecular cloning and sequencing of feline stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha and beta. | the stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha and beta (sdf-1 alpha/beta) are the ligands of fusin/cxcr4, the co-receptors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and the feline immunodeficiency virus. we cloned the cdna of feline sdf-1 alpha/beta. the open reading frames of feline sdf-1 alpha/beta were 267/279 base pairs and encoded 89/93 amino acid residues. | 1998 | 9777331 |
| results of chemotherapy for cats with alimentary malignant lymphoma: 21 cases (1993-1997) | to determine clinical and pathologic findings in cats with alimentary malignant lymphoma and results of treatment with a combination of prednisone, l-asparaginase, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and methotrexate. | 1998 | 9787382 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-associated lymphoma: a potential role for immune dysfunction in tumourigenesis. | to determine the potential role of immune dysfunction in feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-associated lymphomagenesis, we present the results of immunological monitoring during the chronic phase of experimental fiv infection in two cats which subsequently developed lymphoma. in one cat, c1, cell-mediated immunity was depressed throughout the monitoring period but particularly from 125-200 weeks post-infection (pi), when this cat demonstrated profoundly impaired lymphocyte blastogenesis and mar ... | 1998 | 9839882 |
| maternal-fetal feline immunodeficiency virus transmission: timing and tissue tropisms. | the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) model of vertical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission was used to explore the timing and tissue tropisms associated with intrauterine lentivirus infection. cats chronically infected with fiv-b-2542 and their cesarean-derived fetuses and placentas were assayed by polymerase chain reaction and coculture at defined gestational intervals. prevalence of fetal fiv infection was 0 at 3 weeks, 5% at 5 weeks, 38% at 7 weeks, and 60% at 9 weeks (term). ... | 1998 | 9806022 |
| hepatozoon species infection in domestic cats: a retrospective study. | hepatozoon sp. is a protozoan parasite of peripheral blood neutrophils in cats. feline hepatozoonosis has been reported infrequently and little is known about the pathogenesis of this infection. in order to further clarify clinicopathological characteristics of hepatozoonosis in domestic cats, a retrospecitve study of hepatozoonosis in cats admitted during 1989-1995 to the hebrew university school of veterinary medicine was conducted. the study population comprised all the cats whose medical rec ... | 1998 | 9806492 |
| cytokine response in multiple lymphoid tissues during the primary phase of feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | type 1 and 2 cytokine mrna responses were measured at various time periods and in various lymphoid compartments during the acute stage (first 4 months) of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection in laboratory cats. cytokine responses were correlated with virus replication. virus was detected in plasma and tissue from day 14 postinfection (p.i.) onward, peaked at 56 to 70 days, and declined greatly by 70 days. virus replication was highest in the thymus, followed by spleen, mesenteric lymph ... | 1998 | 9811676 |
| inhibition of apoptosis and virus replication in feline immunodeficiency virus-infected cells by n-acetylcysteine and ascorbic acid. | infection of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) has been shown to induce apoptosis that might be associated with the lymphocyte depletion in the infected cats. to investigate the inhibitory effect of antioxidants on fiv-induced apoptosis, we examined the effect of n-acetylcysteine (nac) and ascorbic acid (aa) on apoptosis and virus replication in feline lymphoblastoid (fel-039) and fibroblastoid (crfk) cell lines infected with fiv. the treatment with nac or aa induced a significant inhibition o ... | 1998 | 9853298 |
| phylogeographic patterns of feline immunodeficiency virus genetic diversity in the domestic cat. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) has a worldwide distribution among feral and domesticated cats and in many cases induces immunodeficiency disease analogous to that of human acquired immune deficiency syndrome. fiv is genetically homologous to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in both genome organization and gene sequence and, like hiv, exhibits enormous sequence variation throughout the range of host species. we sampled 91 feral cats from six disparate locales and studied the phylogenetic r ... | 1998 | 9837787 |
| prevalence of igg and igm antibodies specific to toxoplasma gondii in cats. | igg and igm antibodies specific to toxoplasma gondii were determined simultaneously by ifat in cats. group 1 included 357 cats with various diagnoses, but negative for felv and fiv. specific igg antibodies in titres ranging from 10 to 2560 (mean 247) were detected in 61.3% animals, specific igm antibodies were found only in one cat (0.28%) in titre 1:40 showing an igg titre of 160. oocyst shedding was demonstrated in one cat (0.28%) showing an igg titre of 1:40. group 2 included 33 cats positive ... | 1998 | 9870370 |
| [cyclosporin a therapy in a cat with pure red cell aplasia]. | the case of a one year and 7 months old castrated male cat suffering from severe, non regenerative anaemia (packed cell volume: 8.6%; reticulocyte count: 1/1000) is presented. a combined elisa-test for feline leukaemia virus antigen and antibodies against feline immunodeficiency virus was negative. using indirect coomb's test igm as well as the complement component c3b could be demonstrated on the erythrocytes. cytological investigation of the bone marrow revealed a selective, nearly complete ap ... | 1998 | 9880939 |
| effects of feline immunodeficiency virus on astrocyte glutamate uptake: implications for lentivirus-induced central nervous system diseases. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a lentivirus of domestic cats that causes a spectrum of diseases remarkably similar to aids in hiv-infected humans. as part of this spectrum, both hiv-1 and fiv induce neurologic disorders. because astrocytes are essential in maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system, we analyzed fiv for the ability to infect feline astrocytes. through immunocytochemistry and reverse transcriptase activity, it was demonstrated that two molecular clones of fi ... | 1998 | 9482937 |
| retroviruses and sexual size dimorphism in domestic cats (felis catus l.). | hochberg and co-workers have predicted that an increase in host adult mortality due to parasites is balanced by an earlier age at first reproduction. in polygynous species we hypothesize that such a pattern would lead to diverging selection pressure on body size between sexes and increased sexual size dimorphism. in polygynous mammals, male body size is considered to be an important factor for reproductive success. thus, under the pressure of a virulent infection, males should be selected for ra ... | 1998 | 9493404 |
| cross virus neutralizing antibodies against feline immunodeficiency virus genotypes a, b, c, d and e. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is classified into five genotypes, a, b, c, d and e, based on the phylogenetic analysis of the env v3-v5 region. however, whether there is correlation between phylogenetic and antigenic diversities remains unknown. in this study, we examined the cross virus neutralization of fiv genotypes a through e by sera from cats infected with a single genotype. the results indicated some relationships between phylogenetic genotype and neutralization serotype, and that cr ... | 1998 | 9505973 |
| dna vaccination affords significant protection against feline immunodeficiency virus infection without inducing detectable antiviral antibodies. | to test the potential of a multigene dna vaccine against lentivirus infection, we generated a defective mutant provirus of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) with an in-frame deletion in pol (fivdeltart). in a first experiment, fivdeltart dna was administered intramuscularly to 10 animals, half of which also received feline gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) dna. the dna was administered in four 100-microg doses at 0, 10, and 23 weeks. immunization with fivdeltart elicited cytotoxic t-cell (ctl) resp ... | 1998 | 9696827 |
| antibodies to orthopoxvirus in domestic cats in norway. | the prevalence of antibodies to orthopoxvirus in 217 sera collected from domestic cats in the western part of norway was 10.1 per cent as measured by a competitive elisa. in one of the seropositive cats antibodies were also detected by an immunofluorescence assay. the average age of the cats sampled was 4.9 years, but the average age of the seropositive individuals was 7.3 years, higher than the average age of clinical cowpox virus cases in britain (4.2 years), and in germany (3.9 years). antibo ... | 1998 | 9725176 |
| neurotoxic effects of feline immunodeficiency virus, fiv-ppr. | fiv is a lentivirus of domestic cats that causes neurologic disorders which are remarkably similar to those found in hiv-1 infected people. using feline neuron cultures, we investigated the potential of both fiv virus and fiv-env protein to cause neuronal damage through the excitotoxicity mechanism. the neuron swelling and lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) release assays were used as measures of cellular damage. the effects of fiv env protein on glutamate receptor mediated increases in intracellular c ... | 1998 | 9718133 |
| at-risk individuals in feline immunodeficiency virus epidemiology: evidence from a multivariate approach in a natural population of domestic cats (felis catus). | prevalence of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection was measured during 6 consecutive years in a natural rural population of domestic cats. sex, age, weight, origin, group size and presence of antibodies to fiv were recorded for each sampled cat. logistic regressions were used to estimate the influence of the recorded parameters on infection. fiv prevalence rates are as high as 19.6% in the total population, and do not statistically change between years, after controlling for changes in ... | 1998 | 9747777 |
| detection of feline immunodeficiency proviral sequences in lymphoid tissues and the central nervous system by in situ gene amplification. | the availability of sensitive methods for detecting and localising the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) may help shed light on its role in generating tissue damage observed during infection. as immunohistochemical and in situ hybridisation techniques might not be sufficiently sensitive for this type of study, we adapted to fiv pcr-in situ hybridisation (pcr-ish) that combine the extreme sensitivity of pcr with the precise localisation provided by ish. the steps important for the success of pc ... | 1998 | 9705182 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus subunit vaccines that induce virus neutralising antibodies but no protection against challenge infection. | three experimental vaccines against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), all based on viral antigens presented via immune stimulating complexes (iscoms), were tested for their capacity to induce protection in cats from fiv infection. the respective vaccines consisted of fiv propagated in crandell feline kidney (crfk) cells (fiv-iscoms); fiv-iscoms spiked with recombinant vaccinia virus expressed fiv envelope glycoprotein incorporated into iscoms (fiv-iscoms + vgr657x15-iscoms) and vgr657x15-isco ... | 1998 | 9607028 |
| mucosally transmitted feline immunodeficiency virus induces a cd8+ antiviral response that correlates with reduction of cell-associated virus. | intravaginal inoculation of cats with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) results in acute systemic infection accompanied by a strong cd8+ immune response that inhibits viral replication. cd8+ anti-fiv activity, revealed by increased fiv replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) depleted of cd8+ lymphocytes, was detected by 6 weeks after inoculation and correlated with reduced pbmc-associated virus at 12, 16, and 32 weeks after inoculation. some cats with strong cd8+ anti-fiv acti ... | 1998 | 9419165 |
| analysis of the s3 and s3' subsite specificities of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) protease: development of a broad-based protease inhibitor efficacious against fiv, siv, and hiv in vitro and ex vivo. | the s3 and s3' subsite binding specificities of hiv and feline immunodeficiency virus proteases (fiv) proteases (prs) have been explored by using c2-symmetric competitive inhibitors. the inhibitors evaluated contained (1s, 2r, 3r, 4s)-1,4-diamino-1, 4-dibenzyl-2,3-diol as p1 and p1' units, val as p2 and p2' residues, and a variety of amino acids at the p3 and p3' positions. all inhibitors showed very high potency against hiv pr in vitro, and their ki values ranged between 1.1 and 2.6 nm. in cont ... | 1998 | 9448264 |
| efficacy evaluation of prime-boost protocol: canarypoxvirus-based feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) vaccine and inactivated fiv-infected cell vaccine against heterologous fiv challenge in cats. | to evaluate the immunogenicity and prophylactic efficacy of immunization schemes employing a recombinant canarypoxvirus ('alvac')-based feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) vaccine alone or in combination with an inactivated fiv-infected cell vaccine against homologous and heterologous fiv challenges in cats. | 1998 | 9456250 |
| effect of enzymatic deglycosylation on feline immunodeficiency virus sensitivity to antibody-mediated neutralization. | we have investigated the effect of deglycosylation with peptide-n-glycosidase f (pngase f) on the sensitivity to inhibition by immune sera of two variants of the petaluma strain of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv-pet), one sensitive to antibody-mediated neutralization because tissue culture adapted and the other, obtained by passaging the previous one in vivo, resistant to neutralization. the partial deglycosylation achieved did not appreciably affect fiv-pet infectivity for t lymphoid cell c ... | 1998 | 9491909 |