Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| isolation, crystallisation, and preliminary x-ray analysis of the bovine mitochondrial ef-tu:gdp and ef-tu:ef-ts complexes. | previous studies have shown that when bovine mitochondrial elongation factor ts (ef-ts) is expressed in escherichia coli, it forms a tightly associated complex with e. coli elongation factor tu (ef-tu). in contrast to earlier experiments, purification of free mitochondrial ef-ts was accomplished under nondenaturing conditions since only about 60% of the expressed ef-ts copurified with e. coli ef-tu. the bovine mitochondrial ef-tu:gdp complex, the homologous mitochondrial ef-tu:ef-ts complex, and ... | 2002 | 12445479 |
| inducible expression of an antimicrobial peptide of the innate immunity in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | epithelia- and leukocyte-associated antimicrobial peptides provide immediate protection against microbial infections by rapidly inactivating potential pathogens. bac5 is a member of the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial peptides and is stored in the cytoplasmic granules of bovine neutrophils. we investigated the expression of this gene in airway and intestine, and although the gene was not found to be locally expressed in these tissues, a strong bac5 induction signal was detected by in situ h ... | 2002 | 12429723 |
| characterization of a brain-enriched chaperone, mrj, that inhibits huntingtin aggregation and toxicity independently. | molecular chaperones are involved in a wide range of cellular events, such as protein folding and oligomeric protein complex assembly. dnak- and dnaj-like proteins are the two major classes of molecular chaperones in mammals. recent studies have shown that dnaj-like family proteins can inhibit polyglutamine aggregation, a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases, including huntington's disease (hd). although most dnaj-like proteins studied are ubiquitously expressed, some have restricted expr ... | 2002 | 11896048 |
| effect of apoptosis on phagocytosis, respiratory burst and cd18 adhesion receptor expression of bovine neutrophils. | polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (pmn) play an important role in intramammary defense against infections by escherichia coli. during mastitis, pmn are confronted with various inflammatory mediators that can modulate their function. in severely diseased cows, increased concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (lps) and tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha (tnf-alpha) are detected in plasma. binding of lps to membrane bound cd14 molecules on monocytes cause release of inflammatory mediators such a ... | 2002 | 11900963 |
| [molecular epidemiological investigation of vero toxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) isolated from diarrhea patients and dairy cattle]. | to elucidate the source and route of vtec infection, we performed pulse field gel electrophoresis (pfge) an 50 isolates from human diarrhea typed as serotypes o157, o111, and o26, which were very frequently isolated from patients with vtec infection between 1986 and 1997, and 32 isolates from dairy cattle, a total of 82 isolates. the isolates were genetically analyzed based on the electrophoresis patterns of dna, and a phylogenetic tree was prepared. the isolates were classified based on similar ... | 2002 | 11905004 |
| thermodynamics of single peptide bond cleavage in bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (bpti). | a major goal of this paper was to estimate a dynamic range of equilibrium constant for the opening of a single peptide bond in a model protein, bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (bpti). ten mutants of bpti containing a single xaa-->met substitution introduced in different parts of the molecule were expressed in escherichia coli. the mutants were folded, purified to homogeneity, and cleaved with cyanogen bromide to respective cleaved forms. conformation of the intact mutants was similar to the ... | 2002 | 11910035 |
| apoptosis of bovine neutrophils during mastitis experimentally induced with escherichia coli or endotoxin. | to determine whether apoptosis of neutrophils was accelerated during mastits experimentally induced by use of escherichia coli or e coli endotoxin and whether differences were apparent in the response to e coli or endotoxin. | 2002 | 11911583 |
| engineered recombinant enteropeptidase catalytic subunit: effect of n-terminal modification. | enteropeptidase (enterokinase) is a serine protease highly specific for recognition and cleavage of the target sequence of asp-asp-asp-asp-lys (d4k). the three-dimensional structure of the enteropeptidase shows that the n-terminal amino acid is buried inside the protein providing molecular interactions necessary to maintain the conformation of the active site. to determine the influence of the n-terminal amino acid of enteropeptidase light chain (ek(l)) on the enzymatic activity, we constructed ... | 2002 | 11913964 |
| shedding of escherichia coli o157:h7 in dairy cattle housed in a confined environment following waterborne inoculation. | a study of escherichia coli o157:h7 transmission and shedding was conducted with bull calves housed in individual pens within a confined environment. for comparative purposes, the numbers and duration of e. coli o157:h7 shedding in naturally infected calves were monitored after a single purchased calf (calf 156) tested positive prior to inoculation. during the next 8 days, the calves in adjacent pens and a pen directly across a walkway from calf 156 began to shed this serotype o157:h7 strain. fi ... | 2002 | 11916717 |
| first isolation of the enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli o145:h- from cattle in feedlot in argentina. | enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) is considered to be common cause of haemorrhagic colitis (hc), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (hus) in humans. in a previous paper, we have demonstrated that ehec are commonly found in the intestines of livestock. infections in humans are, in part, a consequence of consumption of undercooked meat or raw milk. argentina has one of the highest records of hus (300-400 cases/year; 22/100,000 children under 4 years of age ... | 2002 | 11936956 |
| increase in milk metalloproteinase activity and vascular permeability in bovine endotoxin-induced and naturally occurring escherichia coli mastitis. | an endotoxin-induced mastitis model was used to study permeability changes associated with increased milk matrix metalloproteinase (mmp) activity in early inflammation. one quarter of two cows was inoculated with endotoxin (escherichia coli 055:b5). blood, milk, and whey were collected before and repeatedly after inoculation for 48 h. the profile and amounts of gelatinolytic mmps were determined by zymography; gelatinase a (72 kd mmp-2) and gelatinase b (92 kd mmp-9) were identified by western i ... | 2002 | 11943315 |
| an infrared study of the thermal and ph stabilities of the gpi-alkaline phosphatase from bovine intestine. | alkaline phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.1) from bovine intestine mucosa (biap) is a homodimeric metalloenzyme, which hydrolyses nonspecifically phosphate monoesters at alkaline ph with release of inorganic phosphate and alcohol. biap is either soluble (sbiap) or membrane-anchored by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol moiety (gpi-biap). this anchor might have some contribution in the stabilization of the gpi-linked protein structure. our purpose was to study the role of the anchor by using two parameters, the ... | 2002 | 11944895 |
| protein nucleation and crystallization by homologous protein thin film template. | a new method of protein nucleation and crystallization based on langmuir-blodgett technology is here utilized for the template stimulation of crystal growth of so far non-crystallized proteins. microcrystals (60-120 microm) of bovine cytochrome p450scc and human protein kinase ckii alpha subunit were obtained with use of the homologous protein thin film template by vapor diffusion modified hanging drop method. the induction of microcrystals nucleation by the thin template confirms in the two dif ... | 2002 | 11948680 |
| evaluation of the efficacy of an internal teat sealer during the dry period. | the efficacy of an internal dry period teat sealer containing bismuth subnitrate (product a; teatseal, cross vetpharm group ltd, ireland) was compared with a long-acting antibiotic preparation containing cephalonium (product b; cepravin dry cow, schering-plough ltd, uk), by assessing the number of new intramammary infections (imi) acquired during the dry period and the number of cases of clinical mastitis during the first 100 d of lactation. selection of study animals was based on historical dat ... | 2002 | 11949859 |
| detection of escherichia coli o157:h7 in 10- and 25-gram ground beef samples with an evanescent-wave biosensor with silica and polystyrene waveguides. | a portable evanescent-wave fiber-optic biosensor was used to detect escherichia coli o157:h7 in seeded 10- and 25-g ground beef samples. the biosensor works by launching light from a 635-nm laser diode into specially designed optical fiber probes, generating an evanescent field that extends approximately 1,000 nm from the fiber surface. fluorescent molecules within the evanescent field are excited, and a portion of their emission recouples into the fiber probe. the return path emission is transp ... | 2002 | 11952206 |
| vaccination of pregnant dams with intimin(o157) protects suckling piglets from escherichia coli o157:h7 infection. | cattle are important reservoirs of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) o157:h7 that cause disease in humans. both dairy and beef cattle are asymptomatically and sporadically infected with ehec. our long-term goal is to develop an effective vaccine to prevent cattle from becoming infected and transmitting ehec o157:h7 to humans. we used passive immunization of neonatal piglets (as a surrogate model) to determine if antibodies against ehec o157 adhesin (intimin(o157)) inhibit ehec colonizati ... | 2002 | 11953378 |
| genomic subtraction to identify and characterize sequences of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o91:h21. | to identify shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli genes associated with severe human disease, a genomic subtraction technique was used with hemolytic-uremic syndrome-associated o91:h21 strain ch014 and o6:h10 bovine strains. the method was adapted to the shiga toxin-producing e. coli genome: three rounds of subtraction were used to isolate dna fragments specific to strain ch014. the fragments were characterized by genetic support analysis, sequencing, and hybridization to the genome of a collec ... | 2002 | 11976103 |
| design, production, and characterization of recombinant neocarzinostatin apoprotein in escherichia coli. | neocarzinostatin (ncs) is the first discovered anti-tumor antibiotic having an enediyne-containing chromophore and an apoprotein with a 1:1 complex. an artificial gene library for ncs apoprotein (apo-ncs) production in escherichia coli was designed and constructed on a phage-display vector, pjufo. the recombinant phages expressing pre-apo-ncs protein were enriched with a mouse anti-apo-ncs monoclonal antibody, 1c7d4. the apo-ncs gene (encsa) for e. coli was successfully cloned, and then re-clone ... | 2002 | 11983081 |
| pathogenic shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in the intestine of calves. | the purpose of this study was to compare the pathological effects of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) that vary in their association with bovine and human disease. shiga toxin-producing e. coli of serotypes associated with both dysentery in calves and hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus) in humans (o5:h-, o26:h11, o111:h-,o113:h21) were compared with o157:h7 stec, which are associated with hus in humans but not with disease in calves. the stec were administered orally to 80 day-old chick ... | 2002 | 11989736 |
| biofilm bacteria: formation and comparative susceptibility to antibiotics. | the calgary biofilm device (cbd) was used to form bacterial biofilms of selected veterinary gram-negative and gram-positive pathogenic bacteria from cattle, sheep, pigs, chicken, and turkeys. the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (mbec) of ampicillin, ceftiofur, cloxacillin, oxytetracycline, penicillin g, streptomycin, tetracycline, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, tilmicosin, and trimethoprim-sulfadoxine for gram-positive and -negative b ... | 2002 | 11989739 |
| in vitro expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1beta, and interleukin 8 mrna by bovine macrophages following exposure to porphyromonas levii. | the objective was to evaluate the pro-inflammatory response of bovine macrophages towards porphyromonas levii, an etiologic agent of acute interdigital phlegmon, by evaluating the mrna expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha), interleukin 1beta (il-1beta), and interleukin 8 (il-8). bovine macrophages detect the presence of bacteria, such as p. levii, and respond by upregulating transcription of the genes for pro-inflammatory cytokines tnf-alpha and il-1beta in addition to the neutro ... | 2002 | 11989740 |
| e. coli aconitase b structure reveals a heat-like domain with implications for protein-protein recognition. | the major bifunctional aconitase of escherichia coli (acnb) serves as either an enzymic catalyst or a mrna-binding post-transcriptional regulator, depending on the status of its iron sulfur cluster. acnb represents a large, distinct group of gram-negative bacterial aconitases that have an altered domain organization relative to mitochondrial aconitase and other aconitases. here the 2.4 a structure of e. coli acnb reveals a high degree of conservation at the active site despite its domain reorgan ... | 2002 | 11992126 |
| hsc66 substrate specificity is directed toward a discrete region of the iron-sulfur cluster template protein iscu. | hsc66 and hsc20 comprise a specialized chaperone system important for the assembly of iron-sulfur clusters in escherchia coli. only a single substrate, the fe/s template protein iscu, has been identified for the hsc66/hsc20 system, but the mechanism by which hsc66 selectively binds iscu is unknown. we have investigated hsc66 substrate specificity using phage display and a peptide array of iscu. screening of a heptameric peptide phage display library revealed that hsc66 prefers peptides with a ce ... | 2002 | 11994302 |
| salmonella and other enterobacteriaceae in dairy-cow feed ingredients: antimicrobial resistance in western oregon. | several studies have suggested an association between the use of antimicrobial agents in animal feeds and an increased risk that humans will contract resistant strains of bacteria such as salmonella species, escherichia coli, and other enteric isolates. the authors of this study evaluated whether animal feeds might serve as sources of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, especially bacteria that are pathogenic to humans. from july through august 1998, samples of feed ingredients were collected from ... | 2002 | 12004595 |
| combination of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism (saflp) for differentiation of multiresistant salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. | to assess the combined application of plasmid profile typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and pcr-based single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism (saflp) for the differentiation of 18 multiresistant (mr) and one drug-sensitive strain of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium from humans and food animals. | 2002 | 12010170 |
| [surveillance of escherichia coli o157:h7 among animals in jiangsu province in 1999]. | to understand the escherichia coli o157:h7 carrier rate of host animals and the toxic gene of the strains in different areas in jiangsu province. | 2002 | 12015089 |
| efficacy of immunization with ferric citrate receptor feca from escherichia coli on induced coliform mastitis. | the effects of immunization with the ferric citrate receptor feca on antibody responses and on experimentally induced mastitis following intramammary challenge were investigated. twenty-one cows were assigned to seven blocks of three cows based on expected parturition. cows within block were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: 1) feca immunization, 2) escherichia coli j5 immunization, and 3) unimmunized controls. challenge was by infusion of approximately 60 cfu of e. coli 727 into one ... | 2002 | 12018422 |
| aggregation of animal lactobacilli with o157 enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli. | the effect of selected autoaggregative lactobacilli on enterohemorragic o157 escherichia coli was studied. a total of 27 lactobacillus sp. strains were examined for expression of autoaggregation and cell surface hydrophobicity. autoaggregative isolates were obtained from the crops of chickens and vaginas of calves. aggregative activity was seen between eight autoaggregative lactobacilli and six strains of enterohemorrhagic e. coli o157. the presence of aggregation-promoting factor (apf gene) was ... | 2002 | 12019947 |
| prevalence and molecular characterization of escherichia coli o157:h7 in bulk tank milk and fecal samples from cull cows: a 12-month survey of dairy farms in east tennessee. | a study on the prevalence of escherichia coli o157:h7 was conducted on 30 dairy farms in east tennessee between may 2000 and april 2001. this pathogen was isolated from 8 of 30 (26.7%) dairy farms at various sampling times. a total of 415 fecal samples from cull dairy cows and 268 bulk tank milk samples were analyzed. overall, 10 of 683 (1.46%) samples (2 of 268 [0.75%] milk samples and 8 of 415 [1.93%] fecal samples) tested positive for e. coli o157:h7. food and drug administration bacteriologi ... | 2002 | 12030284 |
| identification of escherichia coli o157:h7 and other enterohemorrhagic serotypes by ehec- hlya targeting, strand displacement amplification, and fluorescence polarization. | human disease caused by enterohemorrhagic e. coli o157:h7 and other serotypes (ehec) has been associated with bovine fecal contamination of food and the environment. the range of serotypes, low infectious dose, and numerous transmission vehicles for ehec render development of detection methods for this pathogen complex. in this study, the hemolysin gene (ehec- hly a) was targeted with oligonucleotides, and probe-target hybrids were amplified using strand displacement amplification (sda). amplico ... | 2002 | 12030758 |
| development of a procedure for discriminating among escherichia coli isolates from animal and human sources. | counts of escherichia coli cells in water indicate the potential presence of pathogenic microbes of intestinal origin but give no indication of the sources of the microbial pollution. the objective of this research was to evaluate methods for differentiating e. coli isolates of livestock, wildlife, or human origin that might be used to predict the sources of fecal pollution of water. a collection of 319 e. coli isolates from the feces of cattle, poultry, swine, deer, goose, and moose, as well as ... | 2002 | 12039721 |
| lochial secretions of escherichia coli- or arcanobacterium pyogenes-infected bovine uteri modulate the phenotype and the functional capacity of neutrophilic granulocytes. | it has been suggested that in cases of puerperal endometritis of cattle infected with escherichia coli and arcanobacterium pyogenes, the neutrophils are compromised in their defense capacity or downregulated functionally. in addition to direct bacterial effects, contents of lochial secretions and secreted products of locally activated polymorphonuclear neutrophilic granulocytes (pmns) may also account for changes in function of freshly immigrating neutrophils. in this study, lochial secretions w ... | 2002 | 12041909 |
| rapid selection of anti-hapten antibodies isolated from synthetic and semi-synthetic antibody phage display libraries expressed in escherichia coli. | antibody phage display libraries (griffin and tomlinson i) displaying antibody genes and maintained and amplified in escherichia coli were used to isolate antibodies to the hapten target microcystin lr (1000 da) conjugated to either bovine serum albumin or keyhole limpet haemocyanin. in competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, bacterially expressed antibodies selected via the griffin library showed at least 300 times greater sensitivity than those isolated from the tomlinson library, for f ... | 2002 | 12044684 |
| ph, inhibitor, and substrate specificity studies on escherichia coli penicillin-binding protein 5. | the recent structural determination of escherichia coli penicillin-binding protein 5 (pbp 5) provides the opportunity for detailed structure-function studies of this enzyme. pbp 5 was investigated in terms of its stability, linear reaction kinetics, acyl-donor substrate specificity, inhibition by a number of active site-directed reagents, and ph profile. pbp 5 demonstrated linear reaction kinetics for up to several hours. dilution of pbp 5 generally resulted in substantial loss of activity, unle ... | 2002 | 12044907 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis mammalian cell entry operon (mce) homologs in mycobacterium other than tuberculosis (mott). | the cloned mammalian cell entry gene mce1a from mycobacterium tuberculosis confers to non-pathogenic escherichia coli the ability to invade and survive inside macrophages and hela cells. the aim of this work was to search for and characterize homologs of the four m. tuberculosis mammalian cell entry operons (mce1, mce2, mce3 and mce4) in mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (mott). the dot-blot and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) experiments performed on 24 clinical isolates representing 20 diff ... | 2002 | 12052567 |
| effect of enrofloxacin treatment on plasma endotoxin during bovine escherichia coli mastitis. | to investigate the effect of enrofloxacin on endotoxin resorption during bovine escherichia coli mastitis. | 2002 | 12058958 |
| definition of the first mannosylation step in phosphatidylinositol mannoside synthesis. pima is essential for growth of mycobacteria. | we examined the function of the pima (rv2610c) gene, located in the vicinity of the phosphatidylinositol synthase gene in the genomes of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium smegmatis, which encodes a putative mannosyltransferase involved in the early steps of phosphatidylinositol mannoside synthesis. a cell-free assay was developed in which membranes from m. smegmatis overexpressing the pima gene incorporate mannose from gdp-[(14)c]man into di- and tri-acylated phosphatidylinositol mono ... | 2002 | 12068013 |
| a new electron transport mechanism in mitochondrial steroid hydroxylase systems based on structural changes upon the reduction of adrenodoxin. | the adrenal ferredoxin (adrenodoxin, adx) is an acidic 14.4-kda [2fe-2s] ferredoxin that belongs to the vertebrate ferredoxin family. it is involved in the electron transfer from the flavoenzyme nadph-adrenodoxin-reductase to cytochromes p-450(scc) and p-450(11)(beta). the interaction between the redox partners during electron transport has not yet been fully established. determining the tertiary structure of an electron-transfer protein may be very helpful in understanding the transport mechani ... | 2002 | 12069587 |
| [survey of the presence of bacterial pathogens in foods sold at retail stores in the city of cassino]. | the presence of bacterial food pathogens was evaluated in 154 food samples collected from supermarkets and butchers in the city of cassino (south-central italy). food pathogens were identified in 17.5% of the total food samples. in the raw meat samples, 24.6% tested positives for listeria monocytogenes, 4.3% for salmonella and 2.9% for escherichia coli o157. y. enterocolitica, only investigated in pork meat, was identified in 7.4% of the samples. in poultry, l. monocytogenes was identified in 55 ... | 2002 | 12070904 |
| fluorescently labelled bovine acyl-coa-binding protein acting as an acyl-coa sensor: interaction with coa and acyl-coa esters and its use in measuring free acyl-coa esters and non-esterified fatty acids. | long-chain acyl-coa esters are key metabolites in lipid synthesis and beta-oxidation but, at the same time, are important regulators of intermediate metabolism, insulin secretion, vesicular trafficking and gene expression. key tools in studying the regulatory functions of acyl-coa esters are reliable methods for the determination of free acyl-coa concentrations. no such method is presently available. in the present study, we describe the synthesis of two acyl-coa sensors for measuring free acyl- ... | 2002 | 12071849 |
| mucosal immunoadjuvant activity of the low toxic recombinant escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin produced by bacillus brevis for the bacterial subunit or component vaccine in pigs and cattle. | a gene encoding the mature escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) lacking the nick site in the a subunit by deleting tripeptides was introduced in a vector pnh301 and expressed extracellularly as mutant molecule of holotoxin at high levels in bacilus brevis hpd31-s5 of the host bacterium. the mucosal adjuvant activities of the produced mutant lt (mlt) preparation were studied in pigs and cattle. intranasal immunization of pigs with the recombinant subunit vaccine of erysipelothrix rhusiop ... | 2002 | 12072249 |
| the antimicrobial properties of milkfat after partial hydrolysis by calf pregastric lipase. | studies on the kinetic characteristics of calf pregastric lipase (ec 3.1.1.3) have shown that it preferentially releases short chain fatty acids (scfas) from bovine milkfat. the released fatty acids form mixed micelle structures. the aim of this investigation has been to test whether hydrolysed milkfat is antimicrobial, and how the state of the emulsion alters the bactericidal or bacteriostatic effects. partial hydrolysis of milkfat by pregastric lipase was carried out in two types of emulsion s ... | 2002 | 12076524 |
| effect of culture conditions on escherichia coli o157:h7-mediated attaching-effacing lesions in a bovine large intestinal mucosal explant model. | the effects of culture conditions on the extent of escherichia coli o157:h7 attaching-effacing (a/e) adherence in an adult bovine large intestinal mucosal explant model were assessed by three different morphometric methods. measurement of the percent of tissue sections with a/e adherence and the number of foci of a/e adherence mm(-1) of surface epithelium was more sensitive than measurement of the percent of surface epithelium with a/e adherent bacteria for detection of treatment effects. cultur ... | 2002 | 12076795 |
| production of recombinant buffalo (bubalus bubalis) and goat (capra hircus) growth hormones from genetically modified e. coli strains. | the growth hormone cdnas of indian reverine buffalo (bubalus bubalis) and beetal goat (capra hircus) were cloned in escherichia coli through rt-pcr technique. nucleotide sequencing revealed several silent mutations in both cdnas and only one amino acid change in the case of goat when compared to reported bovine (bos taurus) sequence. the high level expression of both the polypeptide hormones was achieved in e. coli (> or =30% of soluble intracellular proteins) through the construction of two-cis ... | 2002 | 12084476 |
| trends in antibacterial susceptibility of mastitis pathogens during a seven-year period. | milk samples collected from dairy cattle suspected of having mastitis were submitted to the microbiology laboratory of the animal health diagnostic laboratory, michigan state university, for bacteriologic culture. a total of 2778 isolates, from the years 1994 to 2000, were isolated, identified, and subjected to in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the disk diffusion method, in accordance with national committee on clinical laboratory standards (nccls) standards. isolates included ... | 2002 | 12086045 |
| the effect of pathogen-specific clinical mastitis on the lactation curve for somatic cell count. | data from 274 dutch herds recording clinical mastitis (cm) over an 18-mo period were used to investigate the effect of pathogen-specific cm on the lactation curve for somatic cell count (scc). analyzed pathogens were staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, escherichia coli, streptococcus dysgalactiae, streptococcus uberis, other streptococci, and the culture-negative samples. the dataset contained 178,754 test-day records on scc, recorded in 26,411 lactations of 21,525 cows of d ... | 2002 | 12086069 |
| acquisition of antibiotic resistance plasmids by enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 within rumen fluid. | the emergence of antibiotic resistance among important foodborne pathogens like escherichia coli o157:h7 has become an important issue with regard to food safety. in contrast to the case for salmonella, antibiotic resistance has been slow in its development in e. coli o157:h7 despite the presence of mobile antibiotic resistance genes in other e. coli organisms that inhabit the same animal host. we set out to determine if rumen fluid influences the transfer of plasmid-mediated, antibiotic resista ... | 2002 | 12092718 |
| wild animals as reservoirs of infectious diseases in the uk. | this review aims to illustrate the extent to which wildlife act as reservoirs of infectious agents that cause disease in domestic stock, pet and captive animals and humans. more than 40 agents are described. in the case of some of these, e.g. cryptosporidium spp., escherichia coli o157 and malignant catarrhal fever, the current evidence is that wildlife either does not act as a reservoir or is of limited importance. however, in the case of many important diseases, including bovine tuberculosis, ... | 2002 | 12093188 |
| structure-activity analysis of an antimicrobial peptide derived from bovine apolipoprotein a-ii. | we previously showed that bovine apolipoprotein a-ii (apoa-ii) has antimicrobial activity against escherichia coli in pbs, and its c-terminal residues 49-76 are responsible for the activity using synthetic peptides. in order to understand the structural requirements of peptide 49-76 for the antimicrobial activity, the n- or c-terminus was truncated and then the charged (lys or asp) or ser residues were replaced by ala. deletion of the first or last three amino acids and replacement of lys-54/55 ... | 2002 | 12097167 |
| development of an antibiotic resistance monitoring system in hungary. | because of the rapid development and spread of antimicrobial resistance it is important that a system be established to monitor antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic zoonotic and commensal bacteria of animal origin. susceptibility testing of bacteria from carcasses and different samples of animal origin has been carried out in veterinary institutes for a long time but by an inconsistent methodology. the disc diffusion method proposed by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards ( ... | 2002 | 12113174 |
| comparison between human and animal isolates of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o157 from australia. | there is very little human disease associated with enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli o157 in australia even though these organisms are present in the animal population. a group of australian isolates of e. coli o157:h7 and o157:h- from human and animal sources were tested for the presence of virulence markers and compared by xbai dna macrorestriction analysis using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). each of 102 isolates tested contained the gene eae which encodes the e. coli attaching an ... | 2002 | 12113478 |
| prevalence of and resistance to anti-microbial drugs in selected microbial species isolated from bulk milk samples. | the prevalence of strains of staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative (cn) staphylococci, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, enterococcus faecalis, e. faecium and bacillus cereus, was investigated in 111 bulk milk samples. staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 38 samples, cn staphylococci from 63 samples, e. coli from 49 samples, e. faecalis or e. faecium from 107 samples, and l. monocytogenes from two samples. bacillus cereus was not found in any of the samples and three samples were ... | 2002 | 12121041 |
| occurrence and characterization of resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins mediated by beta-lactamase cmy-2 in salmonella isolated from food-producing animals in canada. | resistance of salmonella to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (escs) is being reported with increasing frequency. in humans, infections with salmonella resistant to escs threaten the efficacy of ceftriaxone, the drug of choice for treating salmonellosis in children. to determine the occurrence of resistance to escs, we examined 8426 strains isolated from food-producing animals in canada in 1994-99 for reduced susceptibility or resistance to ceftriaxone. of the 8 such strains identified (7 from tu ... | 2002 | 12146884 |
| redox properties of the [2fe-2s] center in the 24 kda (nqo2) subunit of nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex i). | the redox properties of the [2fe-2s] cluster in the 24 kda subunit of bovine heart mitochondrial nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex i) and three of its homologues have been defined using protein-film voltammetry. the clusters in all four examples display characteristic, ph-dependent redox transitions, which, unusually, can be masked by high ionic strength conditions. at low ionic strength (10 mm nacl) the reduction potential varies by approximately 100 mv between high and low ph limits (ph ... | 2002 | 12146970 |
| verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) other than serogroup o157 from scottish cattle. | 2002 | 12148605 | |
| simple parameterization of non-proteinogenic amino acids for qsar of antibacterial peptides. | the antibacterial activity of bovine lactoferricin-(17-31)-pentadecapeptide against escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus is sensitive to substitution of the trp residues, and synthetic peptides with phenylalanine and any of eight non-proteinogenic aromatic amino acids greatly affected antibiotic activity. using simple size-related descriptors for the new amino acids it is possible to develop quantitative structure-activity relationships (qsars) that can be used as tools in the search for m ... | 2002 | 12148779 |
| combined use of two genetic fingerprinting methods, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and ribotyping, for characterization of escherichia coli o157 isolates from food animals, retail meats, and cases of human disease. | two genetic fingerprinting techniques, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and ribotyping, were used to characterize 207 escherichia coli o157 isolates from food animals, foods of animal origin, and cases of human disease (206 of the isolates were from the united kingdom). in addition, 164 of these isolates were also phage typed. the isolates were divided into two general groups: (i) unrelated isolates not known to be epidemiologically linked (n = 154) and originating from food animals, food ... | 2002 | 12149334 |
| towards the development of selective amine oxidase inhibitors. mechanism-based inhibition of six copper containing amine oxidases. | four substrate analogs, 4-(2-naphthyloxy)-2-butyn-1-amine (1), 1,4-diamino-2-chloro-2-butene (2), 1,6-diamino-2,4-hexadiyne (3), and 2-chloro-5-phthalimidopentylamine (4) have been tested as inhibitors against mammalian, plant, bacterial, and fungal copper-containing amine oxidases: bovine plasma amine oxidase (bpao), equine plasma amine oxidase (epao), pea seedling amine oxidase (psao), arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase (agao), escherichia coli amine oxidase (ecao), and pichia pastoris lys ... | 2002 | 12153561 |
| membrane reconstitution of recombinant guinea pig cytochrome p45017alpha and the effects of site-directed mutagenesis on androgen formation. | although cytochrome p45017alpha catalyzes the formation of androgen from both pregnenolone and progesterone, the production of androstenedione from progesterone is a major pathway in the guinea pig, rat, mouse, and hamster. in contrast, human, bovine and sheep p45017alpha produce dehydroepiandrosterone from pregnenolone. cytochrome p45017alphas from all of these animals have high homology in the amino acid sequence around the 340-370 region. to investigate the substrate preferences for androgen ... | 2002 | 12163137 |
| effect of salivary gland extracts from the tick, boophilus microplus, on leucocytes from brahman and hereford cattle. | the effect of salivary gland extract (sge) from boophilus microplus on peripheral blood lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytes from brahman (bos indicus) and hereford (bos taurus) cattle was investigated. sge (8 micro g) significantly inhibited the proliferation response of lymphocytes to concanavalin a from both brahman and hereford cattle by 89% and 41%, respectively. the difference in inhibition between the two breeds was highly significant (p < 0.01), whilst at 1 micro g of sge, significant ... | 2002 | 12164821 |
| prevalence of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) in slurry, farmyard manure and sewage sludge in france. | the aims of the present study were to determine vtec prevalence in manure, slurry and sewage sludge in france and to characterize the vtec strains isolated (virulence genes and serotype). | 2002 | 12174046 |
| geographic variability of escherichia coli ribotypes from animals in idaho and georgia. | several genotypic methods have been developed for determining the host origin of fecal bacteria in contaminated waters. some of these methods rely on a host origin database to identify environmental isolates. it is not well understood to what degree these host origin isolates are geographically variable (i.e., cosmopolitan or endemic). this is important because a geographically limited host origin database may or may not be universally applicable. the objective of our study was to use one genoty ... | 2002 | 12175046 |
| cdna cloning, high-level expression, purification, and characterization of an avian cu,zn superoxide dismutase from peking duck. | as a special species of avian, peking duck is often used as a model for exploring effective factors against cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and therefore investigations of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase are intriguing. by using 3(')-race with a gene-specific primer, a cdna encoding duck cu,zn sod was amplified from the total rna extracted from peking duck liver. three free cysteine residues are found in the deduced amino acid sequence of duck sod, among which cys153 at the c ... | 2002 | 12182817 |
| [evaluation of practical usefulness of selected phenotypic and genotypic markers for pathogenicity of enterotoxic and entero-hemorrhagic strains of e.coli. ]. | this study included a description of enterotoxic and verocytotoxic activity of thirty strains of e. coli and their ability to produce beta-haemolysis in a ram blood medium. enterotoxic and verocytoxic activity was determined by using rpla test. the synthesis of enterotoxin lt was observed in 10 strains and the production of e. coli shiga toxins type 1--stx1 (1 strain) or type 2 (2 strains) was observed in 3 strains of serotype o157: h7. the beta-haemolytic characteristics in vitro were demonstra ... | 2002 | 12185692 |
| photocatalytic oxidation of bacteria, bacterial and fungal spores, and model biofilm components to carbon dioxide on titanium dioxide-coated surfaces. | we report carbon mass balance and kinetic data for the total oxidation of cells, spores, and biomolecules deposited on illuminated titanium dioxide surfaces in contact with air. carbon dioxide formation by photocatalytic oxidation of methanol, glucose, escherichia coli, micrococcus luteus, bacillus subtilis (cells and spores), aspergillus niger spores, phosphatidylethanolamine, bovine serum albumin, and gum xanthan was determined as a function of time. the quantitative data provide mass balance ... | 2002 | 12188373 |
| an outbreak of escherichia coli o157:h7 infections among visitors to a dairy farm. | outbreaks of escherichia coli o157:h7 infections have involved direct transmission from animals and their environment to humans. we describe an outbreak among visitors to a pennsylvania dairy and petting farm that provides public access to animals. | 2002 | 12192014 |
| importance of glutamate 279 for the coenzyme binding of human glutamate dehydrogenase. | although the structure of glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) has been reported from various sources including mammalian gdh, there are conflicting views regarding the location and mechanism of actions of the coenzyme binding. we have expanded these speculations by photoaffinity labeling and cassette mutagenesis. photoaffinity labeling with a specific probe, [(32)p]nicotinamide 2-azidoadenosine dinucleotide, was used to identify the nad(+) binding site within human gdh encoded by the synthetic human g ... | 2002 | 12193607 |
| adenoviral-mediated transfer of a lysostaphin gene into the goat mammary gland. | as a step toward preventing and curing staphylococcus aureus mastitis, an adenoviral-mediated gene transfer technique was used to enable mammary cells to synthesize and secrete lysostaphin, an anti-staphylococcal protein. a lysostaphin gene, modified for eukaryotic expression of the bioactive variant, gln125,232-lysostaphin, was inserted into a replication deficient adenovirus by homologous recombination in 293 cells. the resulting adenoviral vector containing the modified lysostaphin gene (ad-l ... | 2002 | 12201521 |
| antimicrobial activity of short arginine- and tryptophan-rich peptides. | highly antimicrobial active arginine- and tryptophan-rich peptides were synthesized ranging in size from 11 to five amino acid residues in order to elucidate the main structural requirement for such short antimicrobial peptides. the amino acid sequences of the peptides were based on previous studies of longer bovine and murine lactoferricin derivatives. most of the peptides showed strong inhibitory action against the gram-negative bacteria escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the gra ... | 2002 | 12212806 |
| [antimicrobial, echinococcidial and immunostimulating properties of the drug cheblin-sk-1]. | the antimicrobial properties of the drug cheblin-ck-1 (cck-1) were determined in mice intraabdominally inoculated with proteus mirabilis-4691 in a dose of 140-200 million daily cultured microbial bodies. its comparison agent was ampicillin. cck-1 was found to act as an antibiotic similar to ampicillin in its effects. the antimicrobial activity of cck-1 against staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli isolated from the contents of echinococcal cysts from patients operated on was also establishe ... | 2002 | 12224264 |
| selection of recently isolated colicinogenic escherichia coli strains inhibitory to escherichia coli o157:h7. | escherichia coli strains were screened for their ability to inhibit e. coli o157:h7. an initial evaluation of 18 strains carrying previously characterized colicins determined that only colicin e7 inhibited all of the e. coli o157:h7 strains tested. a total of 540 strains that had recently been isolated from humans and nine different animal species (cats, cattle, chickens, deer, dogs, ducks, horses, pigs, and sheep) were tested by a flip-plating technique. approximately 38% of these strains were ... | 2002 | 12233846 |
| beta-lactamases in ampicillin-resistant escherichia coli isolates from foods, humans, and healthy animals. | tem-, shv-, and oxa-type beta-lactamases were studied by pcr with 124 ampicillin-resistant (amp(r)) escherichia coli isolates recovered from foods of animal origin (n = 20) and feces of humans (n = 49) and healthy animals (n = 55). pcr showed that 103 isolates were positive for tem and negative for shv and oxa. three e. coli isolates showed a positive reaction for oxa, and one showed a positive reaction for shv. the remaining 17 e. coli isolates were negative for the three enzymes by pcr. fifty- ... | 2002 | 12234838 |
| antimicrobial properties of milk: dependence on presence of xanthine oxidase and nitrite. | human and bovine milk inhibited the metabolic activity of escherichia coli, as shown by luminescence monitoring of constructs expressing the luxcdabe genes. inhibition was dependent on both xanthine oxidase (xo) activity and on the presence of nitrite, implying that xo-generated nitric oxide functions as an antibacterial agent. | 2002 | 12234868 |
| transgenic mice harboring murine luteinizing hormone receptor promoter/beta-galactosidase fusion genes: different structural and hormonal requirements of expression in the testis, ovary, and adrenal gland. | in vivo regulation of the lh receptor (lhr) promoter was studied using transgenic (tg) mice harboring fusion genes containing three different lengths of the lhr promoter (7.4 kb, 2.1 kb, and 173 bp), fused with coding sequence of the escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) reporter gene. the length of the lhr promoter significantly affected the pattern of beta-gal expression. in the testis the shortest promoter directed expression primarily of the full-length beta-gal mrna, but mainly tru ... | 2002 | 12239121 |
| flgm gains structure in living cells. | intrinsically disordered proteins such as flgm play important roles in biology, but little is known about their structure in cells. we use nmr to show that flgm gains structure inside living escherichia coli cells and under physiologically relevant conditions in vitro, i.e., in solutions containing high concentrations (>/=400 g/liter) of glucose, bsa, or ovalbumin. structure formation represents solute-induced changes in the equilibrium between the structured and disordered forms of flgm. the re ... | 2002 | 12271132 |
| prevalence and characterization of non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli on carcasses in commercial beef cattle processing plants. | beef carcass sponge samples collected from july to august 1999 at four large processing plants in the united states were surveyed for the presence of non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec). twenty-eight (93%) of 30 single-source lots surveyed included at least one sample containing non-o157 stec. of 334 carcasses sampled prior to evisceration, 180 (54%) were found to harbor non-o157 stec. non-o157 stec isolates were also recovered from 27 (8%) of 326 carcasses sampled after the a ... | 2002 | 12324330 |
| multiplex fluorogenic real-time pcr for detection and quantification of escherichia coli o157:h7 in dairy wastewater wetlands. | surface water and groundwater are continuously used as sources of drinking water in many metropolitan areas of the united states. the quality of water from these sources may be reduced due to increases in contaminants such as escherichia coli from urban and agricultural runoffs. in this study, a multiplex fluorogenic pcr assay was used to quantify e. coli o157:h7 in soil, manure, cow and calf feces, and dairy wastewater in an artificial wetland. primers and probes were designed to amplify and qu ... | 2002 | 12324331 |
| assurance enzyme immunoassay eight hour method for detection of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 in raw and cooked beef (modification of aoac official method 996.10): collaborative study. | aoac official method 996.10, assurance enzyme immunoassay (eia) for escherichia coli o157:h7 (ehec), was modified to incorporate a new enrichment protocol using biocontrol ehec8 medium for testing raw and cooked beef. foods were tested by eia and the u.s. department of agriculture/food safety and inspection service (usda/fsis) enrichment conditions and the fda bacteriological analytical manual (bam) isolation and confirmation techniques. a total of 14 collaborators participated. raw and cooked g ... | 2002 | 12374401 |
| growth of escherichia coli o157:h7 in raw ground beef stored at 10 degrees c and the influence of competitive bacterial flora, strain variation, and fat level. | pure-culture broth-based models of the growth of escherichia coli o157:h7 have been used to estimate its behavior in ground beef, even though these models have not been adequately validated for this food product. this situation limits accurate estimates of the behavior of e. coli o157:h7 in ground beef and introduces uncertainties in risk assessments. in the present study, the growth of single and multiple strains of e. coli o157:h7 were measured in retail ground beef stored at 10 degrees c for ... | 2002 | 12380736 |
| antibacterial activity of pepsin-digested lactoferrin on foodborne pathogens in buffered broth systems and ultra-high temperature milk with edta. | to evaluate the antimicrobial activity in peptone yeast extract glucose (pyg) broth and ultra-high temperature (uht) milk of bovine lactoferrin hydrolysate (lfh) with pepsin against the foodborne pathogens salmonella stanley, escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcus aureus. | 2002 | 12392532 |
| ca2+-myristoyl switch in the neuronal calcium sensor recoverin requires different functions of ca2+-binding sites. | recoverin is an ef-hand ca(2+)-binding protein that is suggested to control the activity of the g-protein-coupled receptor kinase grk-1 or rhodopsin kinase in a ca(2+)-dependent manner. it undergoes a ca(2+)-myristoyl switch when ca(2+) binds to ef-hand 2 and 3. we investigated the mechanism of this switch by the use of point mutations in ef-hand 2 (e85q) and 3 (e121q) that impair their ca(2+) binding. ef-hand 2 and 3 display different properties and serve different functions. binding of ca(2+) ... | 2002 | 12393897 |
| consequences of ehec colonisation in humans and cattle. | while many factors have been associated with human ehec infection, the full role these play in both human and ruminant hosts are not yet clear despite much investigation. it is hoped that the continued intense international research effort into ehec will provide further insights into the commensal versus pathogenic lifestyles of e. coli and lead to approaches to reduce ehec carriage in ruminants as well as prevent or treat human disease. | 2002 | 12398208 |
| mechanisms involved in milk endogenous proteolysis induced by a lipopolysaccharide experimental mastitis. | experimental mastitis has been induced by the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of escherichia coli on six dairy cows in order to study the mechanisms involved in milk endogenous proteolysis during the inflammatory process. variations in somatic cell count (scc), plasmin activity, and total casein (cn) content were measured, and proteose-peptone content and the percentage of ph 4.6 insoluble peptides including gamma-cn have been considered as indicators of endogenous proteolysis. furthermore, polymorphon ... | 2002 | 12416808 |
| influence of dry period bacterial intramammary infection on clinical mastitis in dairy cows. | milk samples were taken from 1920 quarters (480 cows, six herds) on four occasions to examine the relationship between quarter level intramammary infection (imi) during the dry period and clinical mastitis in the next lactation. all quarters were sampled at drying off and within 1 wk of calving, and two quarters from each cow were sampled both 0 to 7 and 8 to 14 d before calving. milk samples were collected from all cases of clinical mastitis during the following lactation. logistic regression m ... | 2002 | 12416812 |
| prevalence and genetic profiling of virulence determinants of non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli isolated from cattle, beef, and humans, calcutta, india. | we investigated the prevalence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) in hospitalized diarrhea patients in calcutta, india, as well as in healthy domestic cattle and raw beef samples collected from the city's abattoir. multiplex polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for stx1 and stx2 detected stec in 18% of cow stool samples, 50% of raw beef samples, and 1.4% and 0.6% of bloody and watery stool samples, respectively, from hospitalized diarrhea patients. various virulence gen ... | 2002 | 11749749 |
| molecular analysis of chromosomally florfenicol-resistant escherichia coli isolates from france and germany. | the aim of this study was to analyse chromosomally florfenicol-resistant escherichia coli isolates for their genetic relatedness, and also for the presence of the flor gene and its adjacent regions, in order to compare these regions with those associated with a flor gene located on a conjugative plasmid from e. coli. twenty-two bovine e. coli from france and germany were examined. florfenicol resistance was determined by mic determination. the presence of the flor gene was confirmed by hybridiza ... | 2002 | 11751766 |
| evaluation of an antimicrobial-impregnated continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis catheter for infection control in rats. | infection is the most serious complication arising in long-term continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd), specifically peritonitis and exit-site infection. the initial weeks after implantation is the crucial period during which bacterial colonization of the catheter results in maximal morbidity, with staphylococcus aureus being the most virulent organism. we developed an antimicrobial-impregnated capd catheter by impregnating the cuff and tubing with chlorhexidine, silver sulfadiazine, a ... | 2002 | 11774116 |
| expression in escherichia coli, purification and kinetic characterization of human heparan sulfate 3-o-sulfotransferase-1. | heparan sulfate (hs) glycosaminoglycans are a structurally diverse class of complex biomolecules that modulate many important events at the cell surface and within the extracellular matrix and whose structural heterogeneity derives largely from the sequence-specific n- and o-sulfations catalyzed by an extensive repertoire of sulfating enzymes. we have expressed the human heparan sulfate 3-ost-1 isoform in escherichia coli and subsequently purified a soluble, active enzyme. to assess its function ... | 2002 | 11811991 |
| bacterial expression and purification of recombinant bovine fab fragments. | we have previously described a recombinant phagemid expression vector, pcombov, designed for the production of native sequence bovine monoclonal antibodies (mab) generated by antibody phage display. bovine mab fab fragments isolated from libraries constructed using pcombov in escherichia coli strain xl1-blue, which is routinely used for antibodies expressed on the surface of phage, were expressed at very low yields. therefore, a study was undertaken to determine optimal growth conditions for max ... | 2002 | 11812221 |
| recognition by tryptophanyl-trna synthetases of discriminator base on trnatrp from three biological domains. | to study the recognition by tryptophanyl-trna synthetase (trprs) of trna(trp) discriminator base, mutations were introduced into the discriminator base of bacillus subtilis, archeoglobus fulgidus, and bovine trna(trp), representing the three biological domains. when b. subtilis, a. fulgidus, and human trprs were used to acylate these trna(trp), two distinct preference profiles regarding the discriminator base of different trna(trp) substrates were found: g>a>u>c for b. subtilis trprs, and a>c>u> ... | 2002 | 11834741 |
| direct recovery of glutathione s-transferase by expanded bed adsorption: anion exchange as an alternative to metal affinity fusions. | the use of expanded beds of ion-exchange adsorbents for the direct recovery of a recombinant intracellular protein, glutathione s-transferase (gst), from unclarified escherichia coli homogenates is described. the results form the basis for a comparison between this approach for purifying gst and a chelating fusion strategy and highlight the need to consider the additional costs entailed by these more-complicated approaches. the separation performance was investigated with respect to choice of an ... | 2002 | 11835138 |
| molecular typing techniques to characterize the development of a lactic acid bacteria community on vacuum-packaged beef. | the development of a community of lactic acid bacteria from vacuum-packaged beef was investigated during a 6-week storage trial at 2 degrees c. the lactic acid bacteria population was monitored by using molecular techniques to identify a random sample of isolates at biweekly intervals during the storage trial. the polymerase chain reaction and a randomly amplified polymorphic dna technique were used to identify and distinguish populations of lactic acid bacteria that developed during the storage ... | 2002 | 11843419 |
| time-resolved step-scan fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of the co adducts of bovine cytochrome c oxidase and of cytochrome bo(3) from escherichia coli. | we have used cryogenic difference ftir and time-resolved step-scan fourier transform infrared (tr-ftir) spectroscopies to explore the redox-linked proton-pumping mechanism of heme-copper respiratory oxidases. these techniques are used to probe the structure and dynamics of the heme a(3)-cu(b) binuclear center and the coupled protein structures in response to the photodissociation of co from heme fe and its subsequent binding to and dissociation from cu(b). previous cryogenic (80 k) ftir co photo ... | 2002 | 11851414 |
| chemically mediated site-specific proteolysis. alteration of protein-protein interaction. | the design and synthesis of a novel iodine-labile serine protease inhibitor was realized by the use of an ecotin analogue containing allylglycine at position 84 in lieu of methionine. allylglycine-containing ecotins were synthesized by in vitro translation of the ecotin gene containing an engineered nonsense codon (tag) at the positions of interest. a misacylated suppressor trna activated with the unnatural amino acid allylglycine was employed for the suppression of the nonsense codons in a cell ... | 2002 | 11851428 |
| development of a sandwich elisa and comparison with pcr for the detection of f11 and f165 fimbriated escherichia coli isolates from septicaemic disease in farm animals. | the p fimbriae f11 and f165 that have been demonstrated on escherichia coli septicaemic strains in poultry and calves, respectively, possess a nearly identical major subunit that demonstrates a serological cross-reaction. a polyclonal antibody-based sandwich elisa (selisa) that was specific for both f11 and f165 fimbriated strains was compared with a pcr method to detect f11/f165 fimbriated strains, in a collection of e. coli strains isolated from diseased animals. of 298 isolates tested, 36 wer ... | 2002 | 11852192 |
| analysis of a multicomponent thermostable dna polymerase iii replicase from an extreme thermophile. | this report takes a proteomic/genomic approach to characterize the dna polymerase iii replication apparatus of the extreme thermophile, aquifex aeolicus. genes (dnax, hola, and holb) encoding the subunits required for clamp loading activity (tau, delta, and delta') were identified. the dnax gene produces only the full-length product, tau, and therefore differs from escherichia coli dnax that produces two proteins (gamma and tau). nonetheless, the a. aeolicus proteins form a taudeltadelta' comple ... | 2002 | 11859073 |
| regulation of photoreceptor phosphodiesterase (pde6) by phosphorylation of its inhibitory gamma subunit re-evaluated. | phosphorylation of the inhibitory gamma subunit (pgamma) of rod cgmp phosphodiesterase (pde6) has been reported to turn off visual excitation without the requirement for inactivation of the photoreceptor g-protein transducin. we evaluated the significance of pgamma phosphorylation for pde6 regulation by preparing pgamma stoichiometrically phosphorylated at thr(22) or at thr(35). phosphorylation of pgamma at either residue caused a minor decrease--not the previously reported increase--in the abil ... | 2002 | 11741972 |
| expression of receptors for verotoxin 1 from escherichia coli o157 on bovine intestinal epithelium. | human enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) infection most commonly arises, either directly or indirectly, from cattle, which act as a reservoir host for these bacteria. in man, ehec disease can be severe, whereas ehec do not normally cause disease in cattle. verotoxins (vts) are the main virulence factors in human disease but no role for vt has been ascribed in cattle; however, this study shows for the first time that vt receptor is expressed by the bovine intestinal tract. vt bound to cry ... | 2002 | 11865842 |
| pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur in plasma and uterine secretions and tissues after subcutaneous postpartum administration in lactating dairy cows. | a study was conducted to measure concentrations of potentially active ceftiofur derivatives, in plasma, in uterine tissues (endometrium and caruncles) and in uterine secretions at different time points after a single subcutaneous administration of ceftiofur hydrochloride (excenel rtu sterile suspension) at the dose of 1 mg/kg body weight in holstein-friesian dairy cows. the animals (n=4) were injected within 24 h of calving, after expulsion of the foetal membranes. plasma, lochial fluid, caruncl ... | 2002 | 11874524 |
| influence of puerperal uterine infection on uterine involution and postpartum ovarian activity in dairy cows. | this article presents the results of a clinical trial designed to study the effect of puerperal uterine infection on uterine involution and on ovarian activity in dairy cows, monitored twice weekly from parturition until the sixth week postpartum (wpp). infection significantly retarded uterine involution assessed by the uterine body diameter and a score of intrauterine fluid volume (iufv). by the sixth wpp, cows with normal puerperium (controls) and cows that showed mild puerperal endometritis h ... | 2002 | 11882243 |