Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| occurrence and characterization of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in raw meat, raw milk, and street vended juices in bangladesh. | the major objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of shiga toxin (stx)-producing escherichia coli (stec) in different types of food samples and to compare their genetic relatedness with stec strains previously isolated from animal sources in bangladesh. we investigated a total of 213 food samples, including 90 raw meat samples collected from retail butcher shops, 20 raw milk samples from domestic cattle, and 103 fresh juice samples from street vendors in dhaka city. we found th ... | 2010 | 20704491 |
| comparison of detection methods for escherichia coli o157 in beef livers and carcasses. | beef organ meat, such as liver, and beef are major food sources contaminated with escherichia coli o157. this study investigated the detection method of e. coli o157 in beef liver and carcass. in an experiment with beef liver inoculated with e. coli o157, the direct plating method, plating after the immunomagnetic separation (ims) method, and shiga toxin (stx)-producing e. coli detection and e. coli o157 detection loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assays were compared for the detecti ... | 2010 | 20704509 |
| ctx-m-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases present in escherichia coli from the feces of cattle in ohio, united states. | ctx-m extended-spectrum β-lactamases are enzymes produced by bacteria that are capable of inhibiting the antimicrobial effects of cephalosporin drugs. recently, the first domestically acquired salmonella in the united states expressing bla(ctx-m) was reported. this is a concern because expanded-spectrum cephalosporins are the treatment of choice for invasive gram-negative infections, including salmonellosis in children. because salmonella transmission is primarily foodborne, there is also concer ... | 2010 | 20707724 |
| enumeration and strain characterization of fecal escherichia coli associated with feeding triticale dried distillers grain with solubles in beef cattle diets. | triticale dried distillers grain with solubles (tddgs), a major by-product of the bioethanol industry, has potential for utilization in animal feed. this study investigated the changes in generic fecal escherichia coli strains associated with inclusion of tddgs in cattle diets. within this study, a longitudinal experiment (112 days) examined the effect of step-up increasing tddgs inclusion from control to a final diet containing 30% tddgs among cattle (n = 4), and a short-term experiment (28 day ... | 2010 | 20707734 |
| cryptosporidium infection in herds with and without calf diarrhoeal problems. | a case-control study was designed to investigate the role of different cryptosporidium spp. in swedish dairy herds with and without calf diarrhoeal problems. faecal samples were collected from preweaned calves, young stock and cows. cryptosporidium oocysts were detected by sodium chloride flotation and epifluorescence microscopy. molecular diagnostics were used to identify cryptosporidium species. samples containing c. parvum were further analysed to determine subtypes. calf faecal samples were ... | 2010 | 20714750 |
| influence of hydrological conditions on the escherichia coli population structure in the water of a creek on a rural watershed. | escherichia coli is a commensal bacterium of the gastro-intestinal tract of human and vertebrate animals, although the aquatic environment could be a secondary habitat. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydrological conditions on the structure of the e. coli population in the water of a creek on a small rural watershed in france composed of pasture and with human occupation. | 2010 | 20723241 |
| poly(vinyl benzoate) nanoparticles for molecular delivery: studies on their preparation and in vitro properties. | the preparation and properties of poly(vinyl benzoate) nanoparticle suspensions as molecular carriers are described for the first time. these nanoparticles can be formed by nanoprecipitation of commercial poly(vinyl benzoate) in water using pluronic f68 as surfactant, to create spherical nanostructures measuring 200-250nm in diameter. these nanoparticles are stable in phosphate buffer and blood serum, and only slowly degrade in the presence of esterases. pluronic f68 stabilizes the nanoparticle ... | 2010 | 20728487 |
| characterization of ferritin 2 for the control of tick infestations. | ixodes ricinus is one the most abundant tick species in europe and these ticks transmit pathogens causing human and animal diseases. the cattle ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) spp., affect cattle production in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. development of vaccines directed against tick proteins may reduce tick infestations and the transmission of tick-borne pathogens. however, a limiting step in tick vaccine development has been the identification of tick protective antigens. he ... | 2010 | 20171306 |
| evaluation of the decontamination efficacy of new and reprocessed microfiber cleaning cloth compared with other commonly used cleaning cloths in the hospital. | the aim of this study was to investigate the decontamination capacity of 4 different types of cleaning cloths (microfiber cleaning cloth, cotton cloth, sponge cloth, and disposable paper towels) commonly used in hospital in their ability to reduce microbial loads from a surface used dry or wet in new condition. all of the cloths except disposable paper towels were also compared after 10 and 20 times of reprocessing, respectively, at 90 degrees c for 5 minutes in a washing machine. | 2010 | 20123151 |
| longitudinal study to investigate vtec o157 shedding patterns in young cattle. | individual animal samples were collected from ten vtec o157 positive farms approximately monthly over 11months to investigate the shedding of vtec o157 by youngstock. vtec o157 was isolated from 7.7% of the 6266 samples and 28.9% of the 1383 animals. on six of the farms vtec o157 was isolated at multiple visits from several animals, whereas the remaining four farms had one or two positive animals at any one visit, with vtec isolated from a maximum of four visits. a total of 92 animals were posit ... | 2010 | 20096905 |
| cloning and characterization of bovine interleukin-32 beta isoform. | interleukin-32 (il-32) is a new cytokine produced mainly by t-cells, natural killer cells, and epithelial cells after stimulation with il-2, il-12 plus il-18, and ifngamma, respectively. il-32 induces various proinflammatory cytokines such as tnfalpha, il-1beta, il-6, and il-8 in monocytes and macrophages. in this study, we cloned bovine il-32 cdna from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of a holstein (bos taurus). the bovine il-32 cdna has an entire open reading frame, encoding 171 amino ... | 2010 | 20537728 |
| distribution of shiga-toxigenic escherichia coli o157 in the gastrointestinal tract of naturally o157-shedding cattle at necropsy. | shiga-toxigenic escherichia coli (stec) o157 occurrence was determined along the entire gastrointestinal tract (git) of each of four naturally shedding cattle and at three sites in 61 slaughter cattle. stec o157 was distributed along the entire git, though interanimal distribution was variable. neither feces nor rectoanal-junction samples accurately predicted the stec o157-negative status of any particular animal. | 2010 | 20543036 |
| evaluation of brining ingredients and antimicrobials for effects on thermal destruction of escherichia coli o157:h7 in a meat model system. | escherichia coli o157:h7 may become internalized during brine injection of meat. this study evaluated the effect of brining ingredients on e. coli o157:h7 in a meat model system after simulated brining, storage, and cooking. fresh knuckles (5.3 +/- 2.4% fat) or beef shoulder (15.3 +/- 2.2% fat) were ground individually, mixed with an 8-strain composite of rifampicin-resistant e. coli o157:h7 (7 log cfu/g) and brining solutions. treatments included no brining, distilled water, sodium chloride (na ... | 2010 | 20546412 |
| geographic, farm, and animal factors associated with multiple antimicrobial resistance in fecal escherichia coli isolates from cattle in the western united states. | to describe geographic, farm-type, and animal-type factors associated with multiple antimicrobial resistance (mar) in fecal escherichia coli isolates from cattle. | 2010 | 20550450 |
| culture of highly differentiated human retinal pigment epithelium for analysis of the polarized uptake, processing, and secretion of retinoids. | the retinal pigment epithelium (rpe) occupies a strategic position within the eye, given its location between the neurosensory retina and the vascular bed (choroid) that nourishes the photoreceptor cells (rods and cones). among the many attributes of this versatile monolayer of cells is its unique ability to convert vitamin a (retinol) into the prosthetic group (11-cis-retinal) for the rod and cone opsins, the photopigments essential for vision. it does so by absorbing retinol via a receptor-med ... | 2010 | 20552421 |
| control of foodborne pathogens on ready-to-eat roast beef slurry by epsilon-polylysine. | this study evaluates the antimicrobial effectiveness of epsilon-polylysine against escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium and listeria monocytogenes in laboratory media and roast beef slurry. epsilon-polylysine supplemented laboratory media and roast beef slurry were inoculated with three-strain cocktails of each pathogen and survival was periodically monitored using conventional spread plating. inoculated laboratory media was stored at room temperature (22 degrees c) for 48 h, and ino ... | 2010 | 20557966 |
| novel cationic lipids with enhanced gene delivery and antimicrobial activity. | cationic lipids facilitate plasmid delivery, and some cationic sterol-based compounds have antimicrobial activity because of their amphiphilic character. these dual functions are relevant in the context of local ongoing infection during intrapulmonary gene transfer for cystic fibrosis. the transfection activities of two cationic lipids, dexamethasone spermine (ds) and disubstituted spermine (d(2)s), were tested as individual components and mixtures in bovine aortic endothelial cells and a549 cel ... | 2010 | 20573781 |
| antimicrobial activity of soy edible films incorporated with thyme and oregano essential oils on fresh ground beef patties. | antibacterial activity of soy protein edible films (spef) incorporated with 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% oregano (or) or thyme (th) essential oils was evaluated against escherichia coli, e. coli o157:h7, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and lactobacillus plantarum by the inhibition zone test. effects of spef containing 5% or and th or a mixture of or+th (ort) were also tested on fresh ground beef during refrigerated storage (at 4 degrees c). or and th incorporated spef exhibited similar antiba ... | 2010 | 20580990 |
| [transition of entheropathogenic and saprotrophic bacteria in the eco-niche cycle: animals-excrement-soil-plants-animals]. | the possibility of transition of saprotrophic and enteropathohenic bacterial populations following the chain of naturally related habitats--fodder-animal gastrointestinal tract (git)-animals excrement-soil-plants and again animals with a cyclic formation--has been investigated quantitatively. all bacteria used in the experiments have been shown to successfully overcome all the mechanical, physical-chemical, and biological barriers in the food chain and to come out into the environment with a qui ... | 2010 | 20583615 |
| chemiluminescence of non-differentiated thp-1 promonocytes: developing an assay for screening anti-inflammatory milk proteins and peptides. | human leukemic thp-1 promonocytes are widely used as a model for peripheral blood monocytes. however, superoxide production during respiratory burst (rb) of non-differentiated thp-1 (nd-thp-1) cells is very low. here we present a rapid and low-cost method for measuring the chemiluminescence (cl) of opsonized zymosan (oz) induced rb which allows detection of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) induced priming of nd-thp-1 cells on the basis of cl reaction kinetics. maximum cl intensity obtai ... | 2010 | 20586113 |
| cdna, genomic sequence cloning and overexpression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (gapdh) from the giant panda. | gapdh (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) is a key enzyme of the glycolytic pathway and it is related to the occurrence of some diseases. the cdna and the genomic sequence of gapdh were cloned successfully from the giant panda (ailuropoda melanoleuca) using the rt-pcr technology and touchdown-pcr, respectively. both sequences were analyzed preliminarily. the cdna of gapdh cloned from the giant panda is 1191 bp in size, contains an open reading frame of 1002 bp encoding 333 amino acids. th ... | 2010 | 20586183 |
| cdna, genomic sequence cloning, and overexpression of eif1 from the giant panda (ailuropoda melanoleuca) and the black bear (ursus thibetanus mupinensis). | eukaryotic initiation factor (eif) eif1 is a universally conserved translation factor that is involved in translation initiation site selection. the cdna and the genomic sequences of eif1 were cloned successfully from the giant panda (ailuropoda melanoleuca) and the black bear (ursus thibetanus mupinensis) using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) technology and touchdown-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. the cdnas of the eif1 cloned from the giant panda and the black ... | 2010 | 20589574 |
| kinetic and thermodynamic properties of two barley thioredoxin h isozymes, hvtrxh1 and hvtrxh2. | barley thioredoxin h isozymes 1 (hvtrxh1) and barley thioredoxin h isozymes 2 (hvtrxh2) show distinct spatiotemporal distribution in germinating seeds. using a novel approach involving measurement of bidirectional electron transfer rates between escherichia coli thioredoxin, which exhibits redox-dependent fluorescence, and the barley isozymes, reaction kinetics and thermodynamic properties were readily determined. the reaction constants were approximately 60% higher for hvtrxh1 than hvtrxh2, whi ... | 2010 | 20594550 |
| interaction studies of novel cell selective antimicrobial peptides with model membranes and e. coli atcc 11775. | cationic antimicrobial peptides (camps) are novel candidates for drug development. here we describe design of six short and potent camps (sa-1 to sa-6) based on a minimalist template of 12 residues h+hhg+hh+hh+nh2 (where h: hydrophobic amino acid and +: charged hydrophilic amino acid). designed peptides exhibit good antibacterial activity in micro molar concentration range (1-32 mug/ml) and rapid clearance of gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains at concentrations higher than mic. fo ... | 2010 | 20599694 |
| molecular structure, expression, cell and tissue distribution, immune evolution and cell proliferation of the gene encoding bovine (bos taurus) tnfsf13 (april). | a novel bovine cdna has been isolated by est assembly and subsequently confirmed by using rt-pcr and designated bovine a proliferation-inducing ligand belonging to tnf family (bapril). the open reading frame (orf) of this cdna covers 753 bp, encoding 250 amino acids. the functional soluble part of bapril (bsapril) shows 97% and 92% identity with its pig and human counterparts, respectively, at the level of the primary protein structure. the bapril genomic sequence consists of six exons and five ... | 2010 | 20600273 |
| heterologous high yield expression and purification of neurotensin and its functional fragment in escherichia coli. | peptide synthesis is widely used for the production of small proteins and peptides, but producing uniformly isotopically labelled peptides for nmr and other biophysical studies could be limited for economic reasons. here, we propose a use of a modified pgev-1 plasmid to express neurotensin (nt(1-13)), pglu(1)-leu(2)-tyr(3)-glu(4)-asn(5)-lys(6)-pro(7)-arg(8)-arg(9)-pro(10)-tyr(11)-ile(12)-leu(13)-oh, as a c-terminal fusion protein with the gb1 domain of streptococcal protein g. the free carboxyl- ... | 2010 | 20600945 |
| alterations in coagulation parameters in dairy cows affected with acute mastitis caused by e. coli and s. aureus pathogens. | this study was conducted to evaluate alterations in coagulation parameters in dairy cows affected with acute escherichia coli (e. coli) mastitis and to compare those values to cows affected with staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus ) mastitis. twenty-four, adult holstein-friesian dairy cows affected with acute e. coli mastitis and 17 cows affected with s. aureus mastitis were studied. cows affected with e. coli mastitis had significantly prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aptt) (p < 0. ... | 2010 | 20607398 |
| vaccination with attenuated salmonella enterica dublin expressing e coli o157:h7 outer membrane protein intimin induces transient reduction of fecal shedding of e coli o157:h7 in cattle. | escherichia coli serogroup o157:h7 has emerged as an important zoonotic bacterial pathogen, causing a range of symptoms from self-limiting bloody diarrhea to severe hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome in humans. beef and dairy cattle are considered the most important animal reservoirs for this pathogen. one of the important virulence characteristics of e. coli o157:h7 is the eaea gene encoding the 97 kda surface protein intimin. intimin is required for attachment and effacement dur ... | 2010 | 20609252 |
| soil versus pond ash surfacing of feedlot pens: occurrence of escherichia coli o157:h7 in cattle and persistence in manure. | reducing escherichia coli o157:h7 in cattle and their manure is critical for reducing the risk for human foodborne and waterborne illness. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of soil and pond ash surfaces for feedlot pens on the prevalence, levels, and/or persistence of naturally occurring e. coli o157:h7 and total e. coli in cattle (feces and hides) and manure. cattle (128 beef heifers) were sorted among 16 pens: 8 surfaced with soil and 8 surfaced with pond ash. the prevale ... | 2010 | 20615339 |
| a clinical approach to determine false positive findings of clinical endometritis by vaginoscopy by the use of uterine bacteriology and cytology in dairy cows. | clinical endometritis in dairy cows is defined as mucopurulent or purulent vulvar discharge 21 days or more after parturition. the diagnosis of clinical endometritis is commonly based on vaginal examination. techniques to reduce the proportions of false negative findings have been described. this paper discusses a clinical approach to determine the proportion of false positive findings that might occur by vaginal inspection. the consequences of false positive findings in dairy practice are unnec ... | 2010 | 20615532 |
| shiga toxin producing escherichia coli: identification of non-o157:h7-super-shedding cows and related risk factors. | abstract: | 2010 | 20618953 |
| porcine ferrochelatase: the relationship between iron-removal reaction and the conversion of heme to zn-protoporphyrin. | at the terminal step of heme biosynthesis, ferrochelatase (fech) catalyzes the insertion of fe2+ into protoporphyrin to form heme. it is located on the inner membrane of the mitochondria of animals. the enzyme inserts divalent metal ions, including fe2+, co2+, and zn2+, into porphyrins in vitro. we have reported that it can remove fe2+ from heme. to characterize the iron-removal reverse activity of fech, we examined its properties in porcine liver and muscle mitochondria, and isolated porcine fe ... | 2010 | 20622448 |
| super shedding of escherichia coli o157:h7 by cattle and the impact on beef carcass contamination. | beef carcass contamination is a direct result of pathogen transfer from cattle hides harboring organisms such as enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli. hide contamination occurs from direct and indirect fecal contamination in cattle production and lairage environments. in each of these environments, individual animals shedding e. coli o157:h7 at high levels (>10(4) cfu/g of feces, hereafter referred to as "super shedders") can have a disproportionate effect on cattle hide and subsequent carcass con ... | 2010 | 20627603 |
| common origin of plasmid encoded alpha-hemolysin genes in escherichia coli. | alpha (alpha)-hemolysin is a pore forming cytolysin and serves as a virulence factor in intestinal and extraintestinal pathogenic strains of e. coli. it was suggested that the genes encoding alpha-hemolysin (hlycabd) which can be found on the chromosome and plasmid, were acquired through horizontal gene transfer. plasmid-encoded alpha-hly is associated with certain enterotoxigenic (etec), shigatoxigenic (stec) and enteropathogenic e. coli (epec) strains. in uropathogenic e. coli (upec), the alph ... | 2010 | 20637130 |
| efficacy of enrofloxacin in the treatment of naturally occurring acute clinical escherichia coli mastitis. | the efficacy of the combination of systemic enrofloxacin (5mg/kg twice with a 24-h interval, first dose i.v., second dose s.c.) and the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent ketoprofen (3mg/kg i.m. or 4 mg/kg per os daily for 1 to 3 d) treatment was compared with antiinflammatory treatment only in dairy cows with naturally occurring acute clinical escherichia coli mastitis. a total of 132 cows with acute clinical mastitis and with confirmed growth of e. coli in a pretreatment milk sample were rand ... | 2010 | 20412909 |
| evidence of a humoral immune response against the prokaryotic expressed n-terminal autoprotease (n(pro)) protein of bovine viral diarrhoea virus. | bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) is an economically important pathogen of cattle and sheep belonging to the genus pestivirus of the family flaviviridae. although the bvdv non-structural n-terminal protease (n(pro)) acts as an interferon antagonist and subverts the host innate immunity, little is known about its immunogenicity. hence, we expressed a recombinant bvdv n(pro)-his fusion protein (28 kda) in e. coli and determined the humoral immune response generated by it in rabbits. the antigeni ... | 2010 | 20413912 |
| synthesis and evaluation of [18f]-feanga as a pet tracer for beta-glucuronidase activity. | to increase the therapeutic index of chemotherapeutic drugs, prodrugs have been investigated as anticancer agents, as they may present fewer cytotoxic side effects than conventional cytotoxic drugs, while therapeutic efficacy is maintained or even increased. extracellular beta-glucuronidase (beta-gus) in the tumors has been investigated as a target enzyme for prodrug therapy, as it can convert nontoxic prodrugs into cytostatic drugs. to optimize beta-gus-based prodrug therapies, pet imaging coul ... | 2010 | 20415436 |
| transfer of enteric pathogens to successive habitats as part of microbial cycles. | escherichia coli o157:h7 gfp and salmonella enterica typhimurium gfp passed through six successive habitats within a microbial cycle. pathogen cultures were introduced into cow dung or fodder. microscopically observed cells and cfus were monitored in fodder, dung, dung-soil mix, rhizosphere and phyllosphere of cress or oat plants grown in infested dung-soil mix, and in excrements of snails or mice fed with contaminated cress or oat shoots. both methods were sensitive enough to monitor cells and ... | 2010 | 20397013 |
| microbial transport from dairying under two spray-irrigation systems in canterbury, new zealand. | transport through the soil and vadose zone to groundwater of escherichia coli, fecal coliforms, and campylobacter spp. from pasturing of dairy cows was studied on two working dairy farms under a traveling irrigator and a center pivot system. leachate was collected from 1.5 m depth using a large linear lysimeter over a period of 4 yr after rainfall or irrigation applied using a traveling irrigator. there was little transport of fecal coliforms or campylobacter from irrigation applications of 55 m ... | 2010 | 20400578 |
| "clickable" affinity ligands for effective separation of glycoproteins. | in this paper, we present a new modular approach to immobilize boronic acid ligands that can offer effective separation of glycoproteins. a new "clickable" boronic acid ligand was synthesized by introducing a terminal acetylene group into commercially available 3-aminophenyl boronic acid. the clickable ligand, 3-(prop-2-ynyloxycarbonylamino)phenylboronic acid (2) could be easily coupled to azide-functionalized hydrophilic sepharose using cu(i)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction under m ... | 2010 | 20403604 |
| application of chitosan-incorporated ldpe film to sliced fresh red meats for shelf life extension. | chitosan lactate was impregnated as an antimicrobial additive into low density polyethylene (ldpe) with different concentrations. the antimicrobial effectiveness was tested with three pathogenic bacteria, specifically listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli and salmonella enteritidis. also, these chitosan incorporated films were applied on red meat surfaces to determine the effectiveness of chitosan on color shelf life extension and microbial growth inhibition. chitosan was exposed to 0.1% pept ... | 2010 | 20416821 |
| the photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of neodymium and iodine doped tio(2) nanoparticles. | a series of photocatalysts were synthesized by neodymium and iodine doped tio(2). the characteristics of neodymium and iodine doped tio(2) were evaluated by x-ray diffraction (xrd), uv-vis diffuse reflectance spectra, and scanning electronic microscope (sem). in the synthesis process, nd:i:tio(2) with different doping content (molar ratios) calcined at different temperature was designed. after the photocatalysts were synthesized under different condition, they were compared with each other by ph ... | 2010 | 20417077 |
| visualization of clustered ige epitopes on alpha-lactalbumin. | alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-la) is a major cow's milk (cm) allergen responsible for allergic reactions in infants. | 2010 | 20466413 |
| tempo ec for the enumeration of escherichia coli in foods: collaborative study. | the automated method for enumeration of escherichia coli, tempo ec, in foods uses a dehydrated culture medium and enumeration card containing 48 wells across three different dilutions for the automatic determination of the most probable number (mpn). the alternative method was compared in a multilaboratory collaborative study to aoac official method 966.24. six food types were artificially contaminated with e. coli: raw ground beef, bagged lettuce, cooked chicken, pasteurized crabmeat, frozen gr ... | 2010 | 20480906 |
| effects of feeding elevated concentrations of copper and zinc on the antimicrobial susceptibilities of fecal bacteria in feedlot cattle. | cattle are fed elevated concentrations of copper and zinc for growth promotion. the potential mechanisms of growth promotional effects of these elements are attributed to their antimicrobial activities, similar to that of antibiotics, in that gut microbial flora are altered to reduce fermentation loss of nutrients and to suppress gut pathogens. copper and zinc fed at elevated concentrations may select for bacteria that are resistant not only to heavy metals but also to antibiotics. our objective ... | 2010 | 20482227 |
| identification of specific targets for the gut mucosal defense factor intestinal alkaline phosphatase. | intestinal alkaline phosphatase (iap) is a small intestinal brush border enzyme that has been shown to function as a gut mucosal defense factor, but its precise mechanism of action remains unclear. we investigated the effects of iap on specific bacteria and bacterial components to determine its molecular targets. purulent fluid from a cecal ligation and puncture model, specific live and heat-killed bacteria (escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, and listeria monocytogenes), and a variety of ... | 2010 | 20489044 |
| new automated microwave heating process for cooking and pasteurization of microwaveable foods containing raw meats. | a new microwave heating process was developed for cooking microwaveable foods containing raw meats. a commercially available inverter-based microwave oven was modified for pasteurization of mechanically tenderized beef, inoculated with escherichia coli o157:h7 (approximately 5 log(10) cfu/g) and packaged in a 12-oz cpet tray containing 150-ml de-ionized water. the new microwave heating system was equipped with an infrared sensor and a proportional feedback mechanism to allow temperature controll ... | 2010 | 20492230 |
| identification of the long polar fimbriae gene variants in the locus of enterocyte effacement-negative shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strains isolated from humans and cattle in argentina. | the long polar fimbriae (lpf) is one of few adhesive factors of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) and it is associated with colonization of the intestine. studies have demonstrated the presence of lpf genes in several pathogenic e. coli strains, and classification of variants based on polymorphisms in the lpfa1 and lpfa2 genes has been adopted. using a collection of argentinean locus of enterocyte effacement (lee)-negative stec strains, we determined that the different lpfa types wer ... | 2010 | 20497228 |
| cephalexin microspheres for dairy mastitis: effect of preparation method and surfactant type on physicochemical properties of the microspheres. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of preparation method and the type of surfactant on the properties of cephalexin (cpx) microspheres in order to obtain delivery systems suitable for the treatment of dairy mastitis. microspheres were obtained using various preparation conditions and their physicochemical characteristics such as size, loading efficiency, morphology, and drug crystallinity were investigated. antibacterial activity of microspheres from the optimum preparation condit ... | 2010 | 20509056 |
| high diversity and abundance of antibiotic-resistant escherichia coli isolated from humans and farm animal hosts in jeonnam province, south korea. | the spread of antibiotics resistance among bacteria is a threat to human health. since south korea uses approximately 1.5 times more antibiotics than do other oecd countries, this is likely to impact the numbers and types of antibiotic-resistant bacteria found in the environment. in this study we examined feces from domesticated animals and humans for the diversity and abundance of antibiotic-resistant escherichia coli. abundant antibiotic-resistant e. coli were isolated from all the tested anim ... | 2010 | 20510439 |
| biochemical properties, enterohaemolysin production and plasmid carriage of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strains. | thirty-eight strains of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) were characterised in terms of biochemical properties, enterohaemolysin production and plasmid carriage. a wide variation in the biochemical properties was observed among the stec, with 14 distinct biotypes identified. biotype 1 was the most common, found in 29% of the strains. enterohaemolysin production was detected in 29% of the strains. most of the bacterial strains (95%) carried one or more plasmids and considerable heter ... | 2010 | 20512247 |
| escherichia coli phylogenetic group determination and its application in the identification of the major animal source of fecal contamination. | escherichia coli strains are commonly found in the gut microflora of warm-blooded animals. these strains can be assigned to one of the four main phylogenetic groups, a, b1, b2 and d, which can be divided into seven subgroups (a0, a1, b1, b22, b23, d1 and d2), according to the combination of the three genetic markers chua, yjaa and dna fragment tspe4.c2. distinct studies have demonstrated that these phylo-groups differ in the presence of virulence factors, ecological niches and life-history. ther ... | 2010 | 20515490 |
| enterobacterial microbiota on stomoxys calcitrans external surface. | the current study evaluated the prevalence of enterobacterial agents on the external surface of the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans. in addition, this study investigated the presence of virulence genes of enterobacteria. twenty different species were isolated and identified, escherichia coli was the most frequent species isolated. the genes stx1, stx2 and/or eae for production of shiga toxin were present in 13.04% of the e. coli samples. | 2010 | 20537096 |
| the effect of clinical outbreaks of salmonellosis on the prevalence of fecal salmonella shedding among dairy cattle in new york. | the objective of this study was to determine if the within-herd prevalence of fecal salmonella shedding is higher in dairy herds with clinical outbreaks of disease, as compared to herds with subclinical infections only. data were collected prospectively from dairy herds throughout new york that had at least 150 lactating cows and that received clinical service from participating veterinarians. after enrollment, salmonella surveillance consisted of both environmental screening and disease monitor ... | 2010 | 20353290 |
| microbial, instrumental color and sensory characteristics of inoculated ground beef produced using potassium lactate, sodium metasilicate or peroxyacetic acid as multiple antimicrobial interventions. | effectiveness of multiple antimicrobial interventions on ground beef microbial, instrumental color and sensory attributes through display was evaluated. beef trimmings were inoculated with escherichia coli (ec) and salmonella typhimurium (st) then treated with either: (1) 3% potassium lactate followed by 4% sodium metasilicate (kn); (2) 4% sodium metasilicate followed by 3% potassium lactate (nk); (3) 200-ppm peroxyacetic acid followed by 3% potassium lactate (pk); (4) 200-ppm peroxyacetic acid ... | 2010 | 20374812 |
| effects of experience with swabbing procedures on the numbers of bacteria recovered from carcasses by swabbing with sponges. | each carcass in groups of 25 pig, cattle, or bison carcasses was sampled by five people: two or three people experienced with carcass sampling and two or three without previous experience. each person sampled a different randomly selected site on a dressed carcass side by swabbing an undelimited area of approximately 100 cm(2) with a moistened synthetic sponge. the numbers of aerobic bacteria, coliform bacteria, and escherichia coli recovered from each sample were determined. the mean log and lo ... | 2010 | 20377966 |
| effect of the enrichment time and immunomagnetic separation on the detection of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o26, o103, o111, o145 and sorbitol positive o157 from artificially inoculated cattle faeces. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of enrichment time and immunomagnetic separation (ims) on the efficiency of a method to isolate non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) serotypes o26, o103, o111, o145 and sorbitol positive (s+) o157 from artificially inoculated cattle faeces. cattle faecal samples were inoculated with varying amounts (20-90 cfu/25 g and 200-900 cfu/25 g) of clinical stec strains (including serotypes o26, o103, o111, o145 and o157 (s- and s+)), ... | 2010 | 20378282 |
| investigation of mammary blood flow changes by transrectal colour doppler sonography in an escherichia coli mastitis model. | the objectives of this preliminary investigation were to evaluate the feasibility of transrectal colour doppler sonography (tcds) for determining blood flow of the pudendoepigastric trunk in cows with experimentally induced escherichia coli mastitis. five primiparous holstein dairy cows, 4-6 months after calving, were examined in two trials. all monitored udder quarters were initially clinically healthy, somatic cell count (scc) was <50 000 cells/ml and bacteriologically negative. the blood flow ... | 2010 | 20380774 |
| effect of changes in number of doses and anatomic location for administration of an escherichia coli bacterin on serum igg1 and igg2 concentrations in dairy cows. | to determine effects of injection site on antibody response to j5 escherichia coli bacterin. | 2010 | 20043791 |
| the antibacterial psoriasin is induced by e. coli infection in the bovine udder. | human psoriasin (s100a7) has been described as a member of the family of s100 calcium-binding proteins and is over-expressed in patients suffering from psoriasis. the bovine homolog was first identified as a cow-derived respiratory allergen. human psoriasin as well as its bovine homolog exhibit antibacterial activity especially against escherichia coli. during e. coli mastitis, the host defence status is a cardinal factor influencing systemic disease severity, and e. coli mastitis is a common pr ... | 2010 | 20074874 |
| a novel mass spectrometry cluster for high-throughput quantitative proteomics. | we have developed and implemented a novel mass spectrometry (ms) platform combining the advantages of high mass accuracy and resolving power of fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (fticr) with the economy and speed of multiple ion traps for tandem mass spectrometry. the instruments are integrated using novel algorithms and software and work in concert as one system. using chromatographic time compression, a single expensive fticr mass spectrometer can match the throughput of multiple relat ... | 2010 | 20194034 |
| bile acids stimulate atp hydrolysis in the purified cholesterol transporter abcg5/g8. | abcg5 and abcg8 are half-size abc transporters that function as heterodimers (abcg5/g8) to reduce sterol absorption in the intestines and increase sterol excretion from the liver. previous studies demonstrated that bile acids increased abcg5/g8 specific cholesterol efflux in cell models. in this study we tested the effects of bile acids on atp hydrolysis in pichia pastoris purified abcg5/g8 and found that they stimulated hydrolysis approximately 20-fold in wild-type abcg5/g8 but not in a hydroly ... | 2010 | 20210363 |
| incorporation of a transmembrane protein into a supported 3d-matrix of liposomes for spr studies. | surface analytical tools as surface plasmon resonance (spr) have become increasingly important in biomedical research since they offer high detection sensitivity compared to traditional biomedical methods. for the use of spr as a biomedical research tool there is a need to immobilize the reactants to a solid sensor surface. it is nowadays fairly straightforward to immobilize various reactants and hydrophilic proteins to a solid sensor surface and spr has successfully been used in several applica ... | 2010 | 20217626 |
| set of virulence genes and genetic relatedness of o113 : h21 escherichia coli strains isolated from the animal reservoir and human infections in brazil. | escherichia coli strains of serotype o113 : h21 are commonly described as belonging to a shiga toxin (stx)-producing e. coli (stec) pathotype worldwide. albeit this stec serotype is frequently identified among cattle and other domestic animals, to the best of our knowledge no human infections associated with stec o113:h21 have been registered in brazil to date. here, we report the virulence profile and genetic relatedness of a collection of o113:h21 e. coli strains mainly isolated from the anima ... | 2010 | 20223897 |
| functional expression of horsegram (dolichos biflorus) bowman-birk inhibitor and its self-association. | horsegram (dolichos biflorus), a protein-rich leguminous pulse, native to southeast asia and tropical africa, contains multiple forms of bowman-birk inhibitors. the major bowman-birk inhibitor from horsegram (hgi-iii) was cloned and functionally expressed in escherichiacoli (rhgi), which moved as a dimer in solution similar to the natural inhibitor. the biochemical characterization of rhgi also points to its close resemblance with hgi-iii not only in its structure but also in its inhibitory char ... | 2010 | 20227530 |
| quantification of viable but nonculturable escherichia coli o157:h7 by targeting the rpos mrna. | escherichia coli o157:h7 easily becomes viable but nonculturable (vbnc) under environmental stresses and escapes detection by current methods. here, we report a unique method enabling the quantification of vbnc e. coli o157:h7 using a selective marker within the rpos gene. a nucleotide at position +543 within the rpos gene open reading frame was identified to be unique to e. coli o157:h7. specifically designed primers and probe combinations were able to differentiate e. coli o157:h7 from closely ... | 2010 | 20230052 |
| the n-terminal part of binder of sperm 5 (bsp5), which promotes sperm capacitation in bovine species is intrinsically disordered. | bovine bsp5 belongs to the binder of sperm (bsp) family. bsp5 plays a role in the bovine sperm capacitation by promoting cholesterol and phospholipid efflux. the variable n-terminal part in the bsp proteins is the uncharacterized region with no known function. full-length, n-terminal part, and individual fibronectin type ii domains of bovine bsp5 were cloned, expressed and purified from escherichia coli. his-s tagged n-terminal part showed large variation in migration on sds-page in comparison t ... | 2010 | 20331968 |
| expression of ribonuclease a and ribonuclease n1 in the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa. | in this study, we investigated the ability of the fungus neurospora crassa to produce and secrete two ribonucleases: the heterologous bovine rnase a and the endogenous rnase n(1). a set of expression vectors was constructed, each consisting of an rnase a open reading frame under the control of a specific promoter and each with a specific terminator. n. crassa transformants were analyzed at the transcriptional and protein levels. irrespective of the promoter used, all transformants showed an rnas ... | 2010 | 19662399 |
| biological activation of heteropoly complex of molybdotungstosilicate containing lanthanum k10h 3la(simo6w5o39)2x26h2o: spectroscopic approach and microcalorimetry. | in this paper, the biological activation of heteropoly complex of molybdotungstosilicate containing lanthanum k(10)h(3)la(simo(6)w(5)o(39))(2)x26h(2)o (law(5)) was investigated by spectroscopic approach and microcalorimetry under the human physiological conditions. fluorescence spectroscopy in combination with uv-vis absorption spectroscopy was employed to investigate the binding of law(5) to bovine serum albumin (bsa). in the mechanism discussion, it was proved that the fluorescence quenching o ... | 2010 | 19680606 |
| a sentinel function for teat tissues in dairy cows: dominant innate immune response elements define early response to e. coli mastitis. | escherichia coli intramammary infection elicits localized and systemic responses, some of which have been characterized in mammary secretory tissue. our objective was to characterize gene expression patterns that become activated in different regions of the mammary gland during the acute phase of experimentally induced e. coli mastitis. tissues evaluated were from fürstenburg's rosette, teat cistern (tc), gland cistern (gc), and lobulo-alveolar (la) regions of control and infected mammary glands ... | 2010 | 19727872 |
| characterization of antimicrobial resistance and integrons among escherichia coli isolated from animal farms in eastern china. | a total of 182 escherichia coli isolates from animals, environment and workers of dairy cattle, swine and chicken farms in shandong which locates in eastern china, were investigated for antimicrobial resistance as well as prevalence and the transfer mechanisms of integrons. the results revealed isolates from swine and chicken farm exhibited high levels of resistance to antimicrobial agents. the positive rate of gene cassette of class 1 integron in dairy cattle, swine and chicken farms was 5%, 20 ... | 2010 | 19744463 |
| cloning and expression of activation induced cytidine deaminase from bos taurus. | activation induced cytidine deaminase is an enzyme crucial to somatic hypermutation and gene conversion, processes that are essential for the diversification of ig v genes. the bovine ig repertoire appears to be diversified by mechanisms that are significantly different to those that operate in humans and mice. this study set out to test the hypothesis that differences in the organization, coding sequence, expression or genomic location of the bovine aicda gene enables the encoded enzyme to cata ... | 2010 | 19766322 |
| serogroup distribution and virulence characteristics of sorbitol-negative escherichia coli from food and cattle stool. | to (i) study the serogroup distribution and virulence characteristics of non-sorbitol-fermenting escherichia coli isolates from foods of animal origin and cattle faeces and (ii) re-examine the true sorbitol and beta-d-glucuronidase (gud) reactions of sorbitol-negative (sor(-)) strains from macconkey sorbitol agar (smac) to assess their phenotypic similarity with e. coli o157. | 2010 | 19796127 |
| expression and activity of n-myristoyltransferase in lung inflammation of cattle and its role in neutrophil apoptosis. | n-myristoyltransferase (nmt) attaches a 14 carbon fatty acid, myristic acid, to the n-terminal glycine residue of proteins. nmt exists in two isoforms nmt1 and nmt2. myristoylated proteins play critical roles in protein-protein interactions, cell signaling and oncogenesis. although elevated expression of nmt1 has been described in colorectal carcinoma, its expression and roles in normal and inflamed lungs of the cattle are unknown. therefore, we investigated the expression and activity of nmt in ... | 2010 | 19796608 |
| salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium can detect acyl homoserine lactone production by yersinia enterocolitica in mice. | luxr-type transcription factors detect acyl homoserine lactones (ahls) and are typically used by bacteria to determine the population density of their own species. escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium cannot synthesize ahls but can detect the ahls produced by other bacterial species using the luxr homolog, sdia. previously we determined that s. typhimurium did not detect ahls during transit through the gastrointestinal tract of a guinea pig, a rabbit, a cow, 5 mice, 6 pig ... | 2010 | 19820103 |
| modelling the dynamics of intramammary e. coli infections in dairy cows: understanding mechanisms that distinguish transient from persistent infections. | the majority of intramammary infections with escherichia coli in dairy cows result in transient infections with duration of about 10 days or less, although more persistent infections (2 months or longer) have been identified. we apply a mathematical model to explore the role of an intracellular mammary epithelial cell reservoir in the dynamics of infection. we included biological knowledge of the bovine immune response and known characteristics of the bacterial population in both transient and p ... | 2010 | 19840536 |
| iga and igg antibody responses following systemic immunization of cattle with native h7 flagellin differ in epitope recognition and capacity to neutralise tlr5 signalling. | systemic immunization of cattle with h7 flagellin results in induction of both h7-specific iga and igg antibodies but only partially protects against subsequent colonization with escherichia coli o157:h7. recent studies indicate that anti-flagellin antibodies directed against tlr5 binding domains located in the conserved n- and c-terminal domains of flagellin can neutralise tlr5 activation and impair vaccine efficacy. in the current study we determined whether systemic immunization of cattle wit ... | 2010 | 19925908 |
| yeast cell-wall products containing beta-glucan plus ascorbic acid affect neonatal bos taurus calf leukocytes and growth after a transport stressor. | the objectives were to ascertain whether a yeast cell-wall derivative that was 1.8% beta-glucan in combination with ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate could improve innate immunity and mediate transportation stress in neonatal calves, and to compare the 1.8% beta-glucan yeast cell-wall derivative with a more purified yeast cell-wall derivative (70% beta-glucan). treatments were 1) an unsupplemented control (cnt); 2) 113 g of a 1.8% (approximately 2%) beta-glucan derivative of yeast cell walls plus 250 mg ... | 2010 | 19933428 |
| bovine muc1 inhibits binding of enteric bacteria to caco-2 cells. | inhibition of bacterial adhesion to intestinal epithelial receptors by the consumption of natural food components is an attractive strategy for the prevention of microbial related gastrointestinal illness. we hypothesised that muc1, a highly glycosylated mucin present in cows' milk, may be one such food component. purified bovine muc1 was tested for its ability to inhibit binding of common enteric bacterial pathogens to caco-2 cells grown in vitro. muc1 caused dose-dependent binding inhibition o ... | 2010 | 19936918 |
| blacmy-2-positive inca/c plasmids from escherichia coli and salmonella enterica are a distinct component of a larger lineage of plasmids. | large multidrug resistance plasmids of the a/c incompatibility complex (inca/c) have been found in a diverse group of gram-negative commensal and pathogenic bacteria. we present three completed sequences from inca/c plasmids that originated from escherichia coli (cattle) and salmonella enterica serovar newport (human) and that carry the cephamycinase gene blacmy-2. these large plasmids (148 to 166 kbp) share extensive sequence identity and synteny. the most divergent plasmid, peh4h, has lost sev ... | 2010 | 19949054 |
| stimulated expression of tnf-alpha and il-8, but not of lingual antimicrobial peptide reflects the concentration of pathogens contacting bovine mammary epithelial cells. | we examined if and how mammary epithelial cells (mecs) calibrate and confine the intensity of an inflammatory response elicited by different concentrations of mastitis pathogens. therefore we quantified in primary bovine mec the effect of different e. coli pathogen concentrations upon the abundance of mrna molecules encoding factors of immune defence. induced synthesis of the mrnas encoding tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 8 both clearly correlated with the e. coli dose 1h after stimu ... | 2010 | 19963279 |
| treatment of whole blood (wb) and red blood cells (rbc) with s-303 inactivates pathogens and retains in vitro quality of stored rbc. | a pathogen inactivation (pi) process has been developed using the frangible anchor linker effector (frale) compound s-303. a series of experiments were performed in whole blood (wb) to measure the level of viral and bacterial inactivation. the results showed that 0.2mm s-303 and 2mm glutathione (gsh) inactivated >6.5 logs of hiv, >5.7 logs of bluetongue virus, >7.0 logs of yersinia enterocolitica, 4.2 logs of serratia marcescens, and 7.5 logs of staphylococcus epidermidis. recent development for ... | 2010 | 19995680 |
| a high-throughput assay for dna topoisomerases and other enzymes, based on dna triplex formation. | we have developed a rapid, high-throughput assay for measuring the catalytic activity (dna supercoiling or relaxation) of topoisomerase enzymes that is also capable of monitoring the activity of other enzymes that alter the topology of dna. the assay utilises intermolecular triplex formation to resolve supercoiled and relaxed forms of dna, the principle being the greater efficiency of a negatively supercoiled plasmid to form an intermolecular triplex with an immobilised oligonucleotide than the ... | 2010 | 19997889 |
| production of shiga-like toxins in viable but nonculturable escherichia coli o157:h7. | escherichia coli o157:h7, a causative agent of hemolytic uremic syndrome, can enter into a viable but nonculturable (vbnc) state when under stress. to date, it is unknown whether vbnc cells produce shiga-like toxins (stx). to address this question, we confirmed the expression of the stx1 and stx2 genes and the production of stx in vbnc e. coli o157:h7 cells. to quantitatively assess the production of stx in vbnc cells, we developed a vero-cell microplate cytotoxicity assay based on the correspon ... | 2010 | 19879621 |
| differential expression of virulence and stress fitness genes between escherichia coli o157:h7 strains with clinical or bovine-biased genotypes. | escherichia coli o157:h7 strains can be classified into different genotypes based on the presence of specific shiga toxin-encoding bacteriophage insertion sites. certain o157:h7 genotypes predominate among human clinical cases (clinical genotypes), while others are more frequently found in bovines (bovine-biased genotypes). to determine whether inherent differences in gene expression explain the variation in infectivity of these genotypes, we compared the expression patterns of clinical genotype ... | 2010 | 19880650 |
| differences in adherence and virulence gene expression between two outbreak strains of enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli o157 : h7. | the escherichia coli o157 : h7 tw14359 strain was implicated in a multi-state outbreak in north america in 2006, which resulted in high rates of severe disease. similarly, the o157 : h7 rimd0509952 (sakai) strain caused the largest o157 : h7 outbreak to date. both strains were shown to represent divergent phylogenetic lineages. here we compared global gene expression patterns before and after epithelial cell exposure, as well as the ability to adhere to and invade epithelial cells, between the t ... | 2010 | 19892762 |
| immunization of cattle with a combination of purified intimin-531, espa and tir significantly reduces shedding of escherichia coli o157:h7 following oral challenge. | enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) o157:h7 is a human pathogen that can cause gastrointestinal disease with potentially fatal consequences as a result of systemic shiga toxin activity. cattle are the main reservoir host of ehec o157 and interventions need to be developed that prevent cattle colonization or limit shedding of the organism from this host. ehec o157 predominately colonizes the bovine terminal rectum and requires a type iii secretion system (t3ss) for adherence and persistence ... | 2010 | 19903545 |
| distribution and antimicrobial resistance of clinical and subclinical mastitis pathogens in dairy cows in rhône-alpes, france. | the goal of this study was to estimate the distribution of pathogens, as well as their antimicrobial resistance pattern, in cows affected by clinical or subclinical mastitis in the rhône-alpes region of france. a total of 1770 samples were taken between january 2007 and march 2008, leading to the identification of 1631 bacterial isolates. streptococcus uberis (22.1%), escherichia coli (16%), and coagulase-positive staphylococci (15.8%) were identified as the major causative agents of clinical ma ... | 2010 | 19919286 |
| overexpressed proteins may act as mops removing their ligands from the host cells: a case study of calf pnp. | calf purine nucleoside phosphorylase (pnp) was overexpressed in escherichia coli. the basic kinetic parameters of recombinant pnp were found to be similar to the values published previously for non-recombinant pnp from calf spleen. however, upon titration of the recombinant enzyme with the tight-binding multisubstrate analogue inhibitor dfpp-dg, endothermic as well as exothermic signals were obtained. this was not the case for pnp isolated from calf spleen for which only the endothermic process ... | 2010 | 20005207 |
| cross-linking with bifunctional reagents and its application to the study of the molecular symmetry and the arrangement of subunits in hexameric protein oligomers. | cross-linking with a bifunctional reagent and subsequent sds gel electrophoresis is a simple but effective method to study the symmetry and arrangement of subunits in oligomeric proteins. in this study, theoretical expressions for the description of cross-linking patterns were derived for protein homohexamers through extension of the method used for tetramers by hajdu et al. (1976). the derived equations were used for the analysis of cross-linking by glutardialdehyde of four protein hexamers: be ... | 2010 | 20005307 |
| the production of soluble and correctly folded recombinant bovine beta-lactoglobulin variants a and b in escherichia coli for nmr studies. | the production of soluble and correctly folded eukaryotic proteins in prokaryotic systems has always been hampered by the difference in or lack of cell machinery responsible for folding, post-translation modification and secretion of the proteins involved. in the case of bovine beta-lactoglobulin (blg), a major cow's milk allergen and a protein widely used for protein folding studies, a eukaryotic yeast expression system has been the preferred choice of many researchers, particularly for the pro ... | 2010 | 20018245 |
| virulence profile comparison between lee-negative shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains isolated from cattle and humans. | for comparison purposes, the prevalence of 8 virulence markers was investigated, by pcr, in 153 cattle and 47 human locus for enterocyte effacement (lee)-negative shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains isolated in argentina. also, their correlation with severe disease was established. the virulence markers studied comprises 5 fimbrial and nonfimbrial adhesin-encoding genes (fima, iha, efa1, lpfa(o113), and saa) and 3 toxin genes (cdt-v, subab and asta) in addition to the shiga tox ... | 2010 | 20022185 |
| single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the major tripartite multidrug efflux pump of escherichia coli: functional conservation in disparate animal reservoirs despite exposure to antimicrobial chemotherapy. | acrab-tolc imparts a strong intrinsic resistance phenotype to many clinically significant molecules in escherichia coli. this complex is composed of a pump, acrb, and a periplasmic protein, acra, that exports substrates through a common outer membrane porin, tolc. a sequence survey of the pump-specific components, acra and acrb, was conducted on three discrete animal reservoirs: rodents, bovines, and catfish. although two of the reservoirs (bovine and catfish) were agrarian, and antibiotic use ( ... | 2010 | 20038628 |
| long-term persistence and leaching of escherichia coli in temperate maritime soils. | enteropathogen contamination of groundwater, including potable water sources, is a global concern. the spreading on land of animal slurries and manures, which can contain a broad range of pathogenic microorganisms, is considered a major contributor to this contamination. some of the pathogenic microorganisms applied to soil have been observed to leach through the soil into groundwater, which poses a risk to public health. there is a critical need, therefore, for characterization of pathogen move ... | 2010 | 20038692 |
| susceptibility of escherichia coli isolated from uteri of postpartum dairy cows to antibiotic and environmental bacteriophages. part i: isolation and lytic activity estimation of bacteriophages. | the objective of this study was to isolate bacteriophages from environmental samples of 2 large commercial dairy farms using escherichia coli isolated from the uteri of postpartum holstein dairy cows as hosts. a total of 11 bacteriophage preparations were isolated from manure systems of commercial dairy farms and characterized for in vitro antimicrobial activity. in addition, a total of 57 e. coli uterine isolates from 5 dairy cows were phylogenetically grouped by triplex pcr. each e. coli bacte ... | 2010 | 20059908 |
| susceptibility of escherichia coli isolated from uteri of postpartum dairy cows to antibiotic and environmental bacteriophages. part ii: in vitro antimicrobial activity evaluation of a bacteriophage cocktail and several antibiotics. | the use of pathogenic-specific antimicrobials, as proposed by bacteriophage therapy, is expected to reduce the incidence of resistance development. eighty escherichia coli isolated from uteri of holstein dairy cows were phenotypically characterized for antimicrobial resistance to ampicillin, ceftiofur, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, spectinomycin, streptomycin, and tetracycline by broth microdilution method. the lytic activity of a bacteriophage cocktail against all isolates was performed by a si ... | 2010 | 20059909 |
| economic values and expected effect of selection index for pathogen-specific mastitis under danish conditions. | the objectives of this study were 1) to estimate costs related to 5 different pathogen-specific mastitis traits (susceptibility to different pathogens causing mastitis in dairy cattle) and unspecific mastitis, and 2) to compare selection differentials for an udder health index consisting of 5 different pathogen-specific mastitis traits and lactation average somatic cell count from 5 to 170 d after first calving (lascc170) with another index consisting of 1 unspecific mastitis trait and lascc170. ... | 2010 | 20059934 |
| microspheres of mixed proteins. | this paper describes the synthesis of mixed proteinaceous microspheres (mpms) by the sonochemical method. the current fundamental research follows the research of suslick and co-workers who have developed a method by which high-intensity ultrasound is used to make aqueous suspensions of proteinaceous microcapsules filled with water-insoluble liquids.1 by using high-intensity ultrasound, we have synthesized microspheres made of a few different proteins. the three proteins used in the current expe ... | 2010 | 20066692 |
| water-solubilised bf(2)-chelated tetraarylazadipyrromethenes. | strategic incorporation of sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid or ammonium salt motifs generate water soluble bf(2)-chelated tetraarylazadipyrromethenes which exhibit strong near infra-red (nir) emissions above 720 nm and can be readily imaged in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. | 2010 | 20090964 |
| ppiase domain of trigger factor acts as auxiliary chaperone site to assist the folding of protein substrates bound to the crevice of trigger factor. | trigger factor (tf) is the first chaperone encountered by nascent chains in bacteria, which consists of two modules: peptidyl-prolyl-cis/trans-isomerase (ppiase) domain and a crevice built by both n- and c-terminal domains. while the crevice is suggested to provide a protective space over the peptide exit site of ribosome for nascent polypeptides to fold, it remains unclear whether ppiase domain is directly involved in assisting protein folding. here, we introduced structural change into differe ... | 2010 | 20096367 |