| progress for dengue virus diseases. towards the ns2b-ns3pro inhibition for a therapeutic-based approach. | transmitted by the aedes aegypti mosquito, the dengue virus is the etiological agent of dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome, and, as such, is a significant factor in the high death rate found in most tropical and subtropical areas of the world. dengue diseases are not only a health burden to developing countries, but pose an emerging problem worldwide. the immunopathological mechanisms appear to include a complex series of immune responses. a rapid increase in the le ... | 2007 | 17509079 |
| genome sequence of aedes aegypti, a major arbovirus vector. | we present a draft sequence of the genome of aedes aegypti, the primary vector for yellow fever and dengue fever, which at approximately 1376 million base pairs is about 5 times the size of the genome of the malaria vector anopheles gambiae. nearly 50% of the ae. aegypti genome consists of transposable elements. these contribute to a factor of approximately 4 to 6 increase in average gene length and in sizes of intergenic regions relative to an. gambiae and drosophila melanogaster. nonetheless, ... | 2007 | 17510324 |
| analysis of 14 bac sequences from the aedes aegypti genome: a benchmark for genome annotation and assembly. | aedes aegypti is the principal vector of yellow fever and dengue viruses throughout the tropical world. to provide a set of manually curated and annotated sequences from the ae. aegypti genome, 14 mapped bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clones encompassing 1.57 mb were sequenced, assembled and manually annotated using a combination of computational gene-finding, expressed sequence tag (est) matches and comparative protein homology. pcr and sequencing were used to experimentally confirm expr ... | 2007 | 17519023 |
| the economic impact of dengue hemorrhagic fever on family level in southern vietnam. | dengue fever is a viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes (aedes aegypti). who estimates that 40% of the world's population live in areas endemic for dengue fever, and that there are approximately 50 million cases of dengue infection worldwide every year. this study aims to measure the economic consequences of dengue hemorrhagic fever in southern vietnam on family level. estimating the economic impact of dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever is important in order to prioritize resources for re ... | 2007 | 17521539 |
| seasonality and insecticide susceptibility of dengue vectors: an ovitrap based survey in a residential area of northern sri lanka. | with the backdrop of a high incidence of dengue in jaffna district, sri lanka, an ovitrap based survey was carried out from may 2005 to april 2006 in a residential area to study the seasonality and insecticide susceptibility of aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus. conventional ovitraps were placed inside and outside of 10 randomly selected houses to collect indoor breeding and outdoor breeding aedes mosquitoes; collections took place fortnightly. a total of 3075 ae. aegypti and 2665 ae. albopictus ... | 2007 | 17539277 |
| glycosylation of the dengue 2 virus e protein at n67 is critical for virus growth in vitro but not for growth in intrathoracically inoculated aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | to determine the importance of dengue 2 virus (den2v) envelope (e) protein glycosylation, virus mutants in one or both of the n-linked glycosylation motifs were prepared. we found that while the e2 mutant virus (n153q) replicated in mammalian and mosquito cells, the e1 (n67q) and e1/2 (n67q and n153q) mutant viruses were unable to grow in mammalian cells. infection of c6/36 mosquito cells with either the e1 or e1/2 mutants resulted in the introduction of a compensatory mutation, k64n, restoring ... | 2007 | 17543367 |
| infection of adult aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus mosquitoes with the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae. | this study describes a laboratory investigation on the use of the insect-pathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae against adult aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus mosquitoes. at a dosage of 1.6 x 10(10)conidia/m(2), applied on material that served as a mosquito resting site, an average of 87.1+/-2.65% of ae. aegypti and 89.3+/-2.2% of ae. albopictus became infected with the fungus. the life span of fungus-contaminated mosquitoes of both species was significantly reduced compared to uninfected mosq ... | 2007 | 17544354 |
| age and body size influence male sperm capacity of the dengue vector aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | understanding mosquito mating biology is essential for studies of mosquito behavior, gene flow, population structure, and genetic control. in the current study, we examine the effect of age and body size on spermatozoa number in two laboratory strains of the dengue vector, aedes aegypti (l.), thailand and rockefeller (rock), and in wild-collected mosquitoes from thailand. body size was a major predictor of total spermatozoa number, with significantly greater sperm numbers in large (2.27-mm wing ... | 2007 | 17547226 |
| seasonal abundance of aedes albopictus in selected urban and suburban areas in penang, malaysia. | ovitrap surveillance was conducted in a selected urban area and suburban area, ie. taman permai indah(tpi) and kampung pasir gebu (kpg) in penang for 14 months. it was found that aedes albopictus was the most abundant aedes species in both study areas, even though a small percentage of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus were found to breed simultaneously in the same ovitrap. this study indicated that the main dengue vector was ae. albopictus. a strong correlation was found between rainfall ... | 2007 | 17568381 |
| [social representations concerning dengue, dengue vectors, and control activities among residents of são sebastião on the northern coast of são paulo state, brazil]. | this study sought to identify people's knowledge on dengue and its vector biology, aimed at promoting a communications channel between technical and lay reasoning in order to foster community involvement in dengue and dengue vector control activities. a survey was conducted in an aedes aegypti-infested area with dengue transmission in são sebastião on the northern coast of são paulo state, brazil. one hundred interviews were held, with five open questions on topics related to dengue and vector c ... | 2007 | 17572820 |
| evolutionary dynamics of immune-related genes and pathways in disease-vector mosquitoes. | mosquitoes are vectors of parasitic and viral diseases of immense importance for public health. the acquisition of the genome sequence of the yellow fever and dengue vector, aedes aegypti (aa), has enabled a comparative phylogenomic analysis of the insect immune repertoire: in aa, the malaria vector anopheles gambiae (ag), and the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster (dm). analysis of immune signaling pathways and response modules reveals both conservative and rapidly evolving features associated w ... | 2007 | 17588928 |
| parity and ovarian development of aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus (diptera: culicidae) in metropolitan rio de janeiro. | vector blood-feeding frequency, parity, and ovarian development are important factors that can influence pathogen transmission. parity rates of the dengue vectors aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus were determined from females collected from august 2002 to july 2004 in metropolitan rio de janeiro. a high frequency of parous ae. aegypti (92.9%, n = 550) and ae. albopictus (99.1%, n = 320) females suggested high survivorship of both species. a total of 69% of wild-caught ae. aegypti females had bloo ... | 2007 | 17633424 |
| molecular characterization of the aedes aegypti odorant receptor gene family. | the olfactory-driven blood-feeding behaviour of female aedes aegypti mosquitoes is the primary transmission mechanism by which the arboviruses causing dengue and yellow fevers affect over 40 million individuals worldwide. bioinformatics analysis has been used to identify 131 putative odourant receptors from the a. aegypti genome that are likely to function in chemosensory perception in this mosquito. comparison with the anopheles gambiae olfactory subgenome demonstrates significant divergence of ... | 2007 | 17635615 |
| epidemiology of tree-hole breeding mosquitoes in the tropical rainforest of imo state, south-east nigeria. | the study of tree-hole breeding mosquitoes was carried out in the tropical rainforest of imo state nigeria (two rural areas and two forest reserves in some parts of orlu senatorial zone) between may-october 2002. using standard entomological procedures, two macrohabitats (natural tree-holes and bamboo traps) and two microhabitats (leaf axils of cocoyams/pineapples and leaf axils of plantain/banana) were sampled for various mosquito species. mosquitoes were recovered from all the various biotypes ... | 2007 | 17655174 |
| effects of essential oils on aedes aegypti larvae: alternatives to environmentally safe insecticides. | the essential oils from leaves of hyptis fruticosa (lamiaceae) salzm., h. pectinata (lamiaceae) poit., and lippia gracilis (verbenaceae) hbk were investigated for their larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti and analyzed by gc/ms. fifty-nine compounds, representing 91.28-98.39% of the essential oils, have been identified. a standard solution was used to make 20 ml solutions ranging from 30 to 2000 ppm. twenty larvae between third and fourth stages were added to the essential oil solution. a m ... | 2008 | 17662602 |
| larvicide and oviposition deterrent effects of fruit and leaf extracts from melia azedarach l. on aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae). | aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae), the main urban vector of dengue, has developed resistance to various insecticides, making its control increasingly difficult. we explored the effects of argentine melia azedarach l. (meliaceae) fruit and senescent leaf extracts on ae. aegypti larval development and survival, by rearing cohorts of first instar mosquitoes in water with different extract concentrations. we also analysed oviposition deterrent activity in choice tests with extract-treated ovit ... | 2008 | 17669645 |
| reduced infection in mosquitoes exposed to blood meals containing previously frozen flaviviruses. | the increased difficulty and expense of using live animals for delivering infectious blood meals in arthropod-borne virus vector competence experiments has resulted in an increase in the use of artificial feeding systems. compared to live hosts, artificial systems require higher viral titers to attain mosquito infection, thereby limiting the utility of such systems with low or moderate titer virus stocks. based on the report that freshly propagated virus is more infectious than previously frozen ... | 2007 | 17686541 |
| low gene flow of aedes aegypti between dengue-endemic and dengue-free areas in southeastern and southern brazil. | we present a population genetic study of aedes aegypti in brazil using isoenzyme markers. four polymorphic loci were used to examine 11 mosquito collections at four periods in 2003. samples from a dengue-endemic area (southeastern region) and a dengue-free area (southern region) connected by an important network of roads and railways were analyzed. the degree of genetic differentiation observed between populations is consistent with limited gene flow between them. there was no evidence of passiv ... | 2007 | 17690403 |
| evidence of vertical transmission of dengue virus in two endemic localities in the state of oaxaca, mexico. | dengue virus is spread in tropical areas of the world and is the causative agent of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever. it is horizontally transmitted to humans by infected aedes mosquitoes, but it is also able to be vertically or transovarially transmitted to insect progeny. | 2007 | 17700030 |
| distribution of dengue vectors in neighborhoods with different urbanization types of manaus, state of amazonas, brazil. | aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus are vectors of dengue viruses, which cause endemic disease in the city of manaus, capital of the state of amazonas, brazil. more than 53 thousand cases have been registered in this city since the first epidemic in 1998. we evaluated the hypothesis that different ecological conditions result in different patterns of vector infestation in manaus, by measuring the infestation level in four neighborhoods with different urbanization patterns, during the rainy (april), ... | 2007 | 17710307 |
| [detection of aedes albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) in the city of cali, valle del cauca, colombia]. | aedes albopictus is the second most important dengue virus vector in the asian southeast after aedes aegypti. its entrance into the americas occurred in 1985, and laboratory studies performed show its potential as a vector in this continent as well. in colombia, this species has been reported in leticia (amazonas) in 1998 and buenaventura (valle del cauca) in 2001. the latest discoveries show that this mosquito continues to advance toward the country's interior. | 2007 | 17713638 |
| the aedes aegypti glutathione transferase family. | in this report, we describe the glutathione transferase (gst) gene family in the dengue vector aedes aegypti and suggest a novel role for a new class of mosquito gsts. twenty-six gst genes are present in ae. aegypti, two of which are alternatively spliced to give a total of 29 transcripts for cytosolic gsts. the six classes identified in other insect species are all represented and, as in anopheles gambiae, the majority of the mosquito gsts belong to the insect-specific delta and epsilon classes ... | 2007 | 17785190 |
| dengue virus-mosquito interactions. | the mosquito aedes aegypti is more widely dispersed now than at any time in the past, placing billions of humans at risk of infection with one or more of the four dengue viruses. this review presents and discusses information on mosquito-dengue infection dynamics and describes the prominent role that temperature and rainfall play in controlling dengue viral transmission including discussions of the effect of interannual climate variations and the predicted effect of global warming. complementary ... | 2008 | 17803458 |
| does japanese encephalitis virus share the same cellular receptor with other mosquito-borne flaviviruses on the c6/36 mosquito cells? | japanese encephalitis virus (jev) is a member of mosquito-borne flaviviridae. to date, the mechanisms of the early events of jev infection remain poorly understood, and the cellular receptors are unidentified. there are evidences that the structure of the virus attachment proteins (vap), envelope glycoprotein of mosquito-borne flaviviruses is very similar, and the vector-virus interaction of mosquito-borne flaviviruses is also very similar. based on the studies previously demonstrated that the s ... | 2007 | 17803826 |
| surveillance of dengue fever cases using a novel aedes aegypti population sampling method in trinidad, west indies: the cardinal points approach. | a novel dengue surveillance method is described and used to evaluate 100 suspected dengue fever (df) cases in county st. patrick, trinidad, west indies. from the 30 confirmed df cases fully investigated within 48 h of diagnosis, 63% (19/30 houses) of their homes were found harboring aedes aegypti immature stages. only houses at the four cardinal points of the index case rather than the entire neighborhood were investigated. the results showed significantly (p<0.001) more ae. aegypti positive hou ... | 2007 | 17803949 |
| ige and igg4 antibody responses to aedes saliva in african children. | aedes mosquitoes are the major vectors of (re)-emerging infections including arboviruses (dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever) in developing countries. moreover, the emergence of aedes-borne diseases in the developed world is currently a source of concern. evaluation of human immune responses to aedes bites could be a useful immuno-epidemiological tool for evaluating exposure to aedes-borne diseases and thus predicting the risk of such emerging diseases. specific ige and igg4 antibody (ab) respons ... | 2007 | 17825239 |
| an evaluation of some trinidadian plant extracts against larvae of aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | in recent times, bioprospecting for plants that show bioactive properties has yielded many chemicals that can be used in controlling mosquitoes. crude extracts of 4 terrestrial and 3 mangrove plants were assayed against 2-3 larval instars of aedes aegypti. among the plants tested, cordia curassavica showed the highest levels of activity for all the extracts tested. azadirachta indica showed the least activity, whereas the 2 cultivars of mangifera indica showed substantial activity for the aqueou ... | 2007 | 17847850 |
| rapid determination of viral rna sequences in mosquitoes collected in the field. | a method for rapid determination of viral rna sequences (rdv) was applied to homogenates of aedes aegypti collected in thailand in an area in which dengue fever (dengue hemorrhagic fever) is endemic, using the mosquito cell line c6/36. nucleic acid sequences of dengue virus type 4 and cell fusing agent virus were detected. this rdv method has the potential to become a standard method for detection of both known and newly emerging, unknown mosquito-borne viruses. | 2007 | 17869351 |
| cost-effectiveness of annual targeted larviciding campaigns in cambodia against the dengue vector aedes aegypti. | to assess the cost-effectiveness (ce) of annual targeted larviciding campaigns from 2001 to 2005 against the dengue vector aedes aegypti in two urban areas of cambodia with a population of 2.9 million people. | 2007 | 17875014 |
| seasonal prevalence of aedes aegypti immatures in kolkata, india. | dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf) is recurring in india in recent years, affecting many cities including kolkata (calcutta). in view of this, a survey of three years was carried out on the prevalence of immatures of the vector mosquito aedes aegypti in the city of kolkata. mosquito immatures were found throughout the year with fluctuating densities in the habitats surveyed. an index of density of immatures (i/s)m employed in the study revealed that in the months of august and september a ... | 2007 | 17877217 |
| a survey of dengue viral infection in aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus from re-epidemic areas in the north of thailand using nucleic acid sequence based amplification assay. | immature stages of aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus were collected from 17 dengue re-epidemic areas in chiang mai and lampang provinces, in the north of thailand. they were reared to adults and tested for dengue viral rna by a nucleic acid sequence based amplification assay (nasba). of a total of 9,825 ae. aegypti and 150 ae. albopictus examined, none of them were found positive for the virus, suggesting that transovarial transmission may be very low in the vector populations and may not play a ... | 2007 | 17877218 |
| emergency vector control in a denv-2 outbreak in 2002 in pingtung city, pingtung county, taiwan. | this paper reports the strategy and effectiveness of an emergency control program conducted in pingtung city, taiwan in response to dengue outbreaks. in our control strategy, we carried out 3 insecticide space sprays with an interval of 6-7 days and 2 source reductions to cover the entire duration of dengue virus exposure in humans and mosquito vectors. the control effect was demonstrated by a significant reduction in the breteau (51.1%) and larval (80.0%) indices, but no such effect was demonst ... | 2007 | 17881866 |
| body size-associated survival and dispersal rates of aedes aegypti in rio de janeiro. | the daily survival rate of aedes aegypti (l) (diptera: culicidae) is one of the most important parameters in mathematical models of dengue transmission. in this report, we evaluate the effect of adult body size on the survival and dispersal rates of male and female ae. aegypti, the primary dengue vector in brazil. independent of larval diet (i.e. size), the daily survival rate of females recaptured in the field was greater than that of males (smaller: t = 5.617; d.f. = 15; p < 0.05; larger: t = ... | 2007 | 17897370 |
| characterization of aedes aegypti (diptera: culcidae) production sites in urban nicaragua. | to characterize the production patterns of the dengue virus vector aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culcidae), pupal surveys were conducted in selected neighborhoods of two major cities in nicaragua. in león, 833 houses were visited in july and september 2003, corresponding to the beginning and middle of the dengue season; in managua, 1,365 homes were visited in july 2003. in total, 7,607 containers were characterized, of which 11% were positive for ae. aegypti larvae and 4% for pupae. in addition t ... | 2007 | 17915519 |
| [report of habitats used by aedes aegypti in havana city, cuba]. | 50 habitats used by aedes aegypti in the urban environment of havana city were reported. 66% corresponded to artificial deposits, of which 57.5% were classified as unuseful by the population. 14% were receptacles of domestic use, whereas 8% were natural breeding places. it calls the attention that 12% of the habitats were represented by pits, sewers and drainages that contain the so-called black waters; a factor that should be considered in the epidemiology of dengue in cuba and that deserves a ... | 2005 | 17966589 |
| a chitin-like component in aedes aegypti eggshells, eggs and ovaries. | an insoluble white substance was prepared from extracts of eggshells of aedes aegypti, the yellow fever mosquito and dengue vector. its infrared and proton nmr spectra were similar to that of standard commercial chitin. this putative chitin-like material, also obtained from ovaries, newly laid and dark eggs, was hydrolyzed in acid and a major product was identified by hplc to be glucosamine. the eggshell acid hydrolysate was also analyzed by esi-ms and an ion identical to a glucosamine monoproto ... | 2007 | 17967344 |
| three calibration factors, applied to a rapid sweeping method, can accurately estimate aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) pupal numbers in large water-storage containers at all temperatures at which dengue virus transmission occurs. | the ability of a simple sweeping method, coupled to calibration factors, to accurately estimate the total numbers of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) pupae in water-storage containers (20-6412-liter capacities at different water levels) throughout their main dengue virus transmission temperature range was evaluated. using this method, one set of three calibration factors were derived that could accurately estimate the total ae. aegypti pupae in their principal breeding sites, large water- ... | 2007 | 18047190 |
| standardizing container classification for immature aedes aegypti surveillance in kamphaeng phet, thailand. | for the development of community-based vector control programs for dengue prevention, one of the key components is to formulate an adequate classification scheme for the different containers in which immature aedes mosquitoes develop. such a standardized scheme would permit more efficient targeting of efforts and resources in the most productive way possible. based on field data from kamphaeng phet, thailand, we developed a classification method that consists of the shape (s), use (u), and mater ... | 2007 | 18047191 |
| genomic analysis of detoxification genes in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | annotation of the recently determined genome sequence of the major dengue vector, aedes aegypti, reveals an abundance of detoxification genes. here, we report the presence of 235 members of the cytochrome p450, glutathione transferase and carboxy/cholinesterase families in ae. aegypti. this gene count represents an increase of 58% and 36% compared with the fruitfly, drosophila melanogaster, and the malaria mosquito, anopheles gambiae, respectively. the expansion is not uniform within the gene fa ... | 2008 | 18070670 |
| larval competition alters susceptibility of adult aedes mosquitoes to dengue infection. | dengue, the most important human arboviral disease, is transmitted primarily by aedes aegypti and, to a lesser extent, by aedes albopictus. the current distributions of these invasive species overlap and are affected by interspecific larval competition in their container habitats. here we report that competition also enhances dengue infection and dissemination rates in one of these two vector species. we determined the effects of competition on adult a. aegypti and a. albopictus, comparing their ... | 2008 | 18077250 |
| investigations of dengue-2 susceptibility and body size among aedes aegypti populations. | the mosquito aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) is the primary global vector for dengue virus (denv), yet considerable genetic variation exists among populations in terms of its competence to vector denv. variability in adult body size has also been observed among various mosquito populations and several studies have reported a relationship between body size and arbovirus dissemination, although most of these relied on artificially derived variation in body size. here we examine the relatio ... | 2007 | 18092975 |
| [a case of imported dengue fever with acute hepatitis]. | dengue fever is an acute febrile disease caused by the dengue virus, which belongs to the flaviviridae family, and this virus is transmitted by the bite of the mosquito aedes aegypti. it occurs in the tropical climates of the south pacific, southeast asia, india, africa and the subtropical zone of america. imported cases of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever are rapidly increasing as many koreans are now traveling abroad. liver injury is usually detected by laboratory investigation accord ... | 2007 | 18159153 |
| larvicidal activity of some euphorbiaceae plant extracts against aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae). | larvicidal activity of ethyl acetate, butanol, and petroleum ether extracts of five species of euphorbiaceae plants, jatropha curcas, pedilanthus tithymaloides, phyllanthus amarus, euphorbia hirta, and euphorbia tirucalli, were tested against the early fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti l. and culex quinquefasciatus (say). the larval mortality was observed after 24 h of exposure. all extracts showed low larvicidal effects; however, the highest larval mortality was found in petroleum ether ext ... | 2008 | 18163189 |
| susceptibility of immature stages of aedes (stegomyia) aegypti; vector of dengue and chikungunya to insecticides from india. | susceptibility of aedes aegypti to some insecticides in different geographic areas was conducted during dengue and chikungunya outbreak. at present, the only method of preventing dengue and chikungunya is to control the vector, which is the weakest link in vector-borne diseases. in our study, the susceptibility of a. aegypti collected from urban areas of delhi, mumbai, jodhpur, chennai and coimbatore was evaluated against temephos, fenthion, malathion and ddt. the a. aegypti from different locat ... | 2008 | 18172687 |
| dengue fever larval control in new caledonia: assessment of a door-to-door health educators program. | this article describes the assessment of a door-to-door community education program designed to promote larval control of aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue fever in new caledonia. this program took place in the territory's southern province over a period of nine months beginning in november 2003. the agents, hired for their communications abilities, were given training about dengue fever and in communications and they were then supported and assessed right through to the end of the program. a ... | 2005 | 18181492 |
| arboviruses and their vectors in the pacific--status report. | three arboviruses have already caused epidemics in various pacific island countries and territories, and currently represent a direct threat to public health. the diseases concerned are all mosquito-borne and should be kept under careful surveillance. dengue fever, which is a worldwide major public health problem, is mainly transmitted in the pacific by the aedes aegypti vector but also by other mosquitoes of this genus with varying ranges. epidemic polyarthritis due to the ross river virus is e ... | 2005 | 18181493 |
| susceptibility of aedes aegypti (l) to the insect growth regulators diflubenzuron and methoprene in uberlândia, state of minas gerais. | aedes aegypti (l) (diptera: culicidae) was reared in several concentrations of diflubenzuron and methoprene under laboratory conditions in uberlândia, state of minas gerais, southeastern brazil. characteristics such as lc50 and lc95, the susceptibility of immature stages of different ages to these insect growth regulators and their residual effects were studied. the lc50 and lc95 of diflubenzuron and methoprene were 5.19 and 12.24 ppb; 19.95 and 72.08 ppb, respectively. while diflubenzuron cause ... | 2007 | 18200410 |
| identity and transfer of male reproductive gland proteins of the dengue vector mosquito, aedes aegypti: potential tools for control of female feeding and reproduction. | male reproductive gland proteins (mrgps) impact the physiology and/or behavior of mated females in a broad range of organisms. we sought to identify mrgps of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, the primary vector of dengue and yellow fever viruses. earlier studies with ae. aegypti demonstrated that "matrone" (a partially purified male reproductive accessory gland substance) or male accessory gland fluid injected into virgin female ae. aegypti affect female sexual refractoriness, blood feed ... | 2008 | 18207079 |
| identification of selective and non-selective, biostable beta-amino acid agonists of recombinant insect kinin receptors from the southern cattle tick boophilus microplus and mosquito aedes aegypti. | the multifunctional arthropod 'insect kinins' share the evolutionarily conserved c-terminal pentapeptide motif phe-x1-x2-trp-gly-nh2, where x1=his, asn, ser, or tyr and x2=ser, pro, or ala. eight different analogs of the insect kinin c-terminal pentapeptide active core in which the critical residues phe 1, pro3 and trp 4 are replaced with beta 3-amino acid and/or their beta2-amino acid counterparts were evaluated on recombinant insect kinin receptors from the southern cattle tick, boophilus micr ... | 2008 | 18207610 |
| identification of key areas for aedes aegypti control through geoprocessing in nova iguaçu, rio de janeiro state, brazil. | this study discusses the use of geoprocessing to identify key areas for aedes aegypti control, based on the infestation index obtained in the aedes aegypti infestation index rapid survey (liraa). the study was conducted in november 2004 in nova iguaçu, rio de janeiro state, brazil. the results were analyzed on two scales, neighborhoods and blocks, with the building infestation index assigned to the neighborhood polygons and the breteau index to the blocks. kernel estimation was used in the spati ... | 2008 | 18209835 |
| association of insecticide use and alteration on aedes aegypti susceptibility status. | dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever, vector-borne diseases transmitted by the mosquito aedes aegypti, are presently important public health problems in brazil. as the strategy for disease control is based on vector control through the use of insecticides, the development of resistance is a threat to programs efficacy. the objective of this study was to compare the aedes aegypti susceptibility in nine vector populations from the state of são paulo and seven from northeast region of brazil, since ... | 2007 | 18209926 |
| infection and dissemination of dengue virus type 2 in aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, and aedes scutellaris from the torres strait, australia. | to determine their relative roles in transmission of dengue virus (denv) in the torres strait region of northern australia, we examined infection and dissemination of a sympatric strain of dengue virus type 2 (denv-2) in aedes scutellaris, ae. albopictus, and ae. aegypti. in experiments using membrane feeders for virus exposure, infection rates were 83% and 43% for ae. scutellaris and ae. aegypti, respectively. salivary gland infection rates for both species were 43%. in experiments using pledge ... | 2007 | 18240514 |
| genomic resources for invertebrate vectors of human pathogens, and the role of vectorbase. | high-throughput genome sequencing techniques have now reached vector biology with an emphasis on those species that are vectors of human pathogens. the first mosquito to be sequenced was anopheles gambiae, the vector for plasmodium parasites that cause malaria. further mosquitoes have followed: aedes aegypti (yellow fever and dengue fever vector) and culex pipiens (lymphatic filariasis and west nile fever). species that are currently in sequencing include the body louse pediculus humanus (typhus ... | 2009 | 18262474 |
| substitution of wild-type yellow fever asibi sequences for 17d vaccine sequences in chimerivax-dengue 4 does not enhance infection of aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | to address concerns that a flavivirus vaccine/wild-type recombinant virus might have a high mosquito infectivity phenotype, the yellow fever virus (yfv) 17d backbone of the chimerivax-dengue 4 virus was replaced with the corresponding gene sequences of the virulent yfv asibi strain. field-collected and laboratory-colonized aedes aegypti mosquitoes were fed on blood containing each of the viruses under investigation and held for 14 days after infection. infection and dissemination rates were base ... | 2008 | 18266608 |
| superior infectivity for mosquito vectors contributes to competitive displacement among strains of dengue virus. | competitive displacement of a weakly virulent pathogen strain by a more virulent strain is one route to disease emergence. however the mechanisms by which pathogens compete for access to hosts are poorly understood. among vector-borne pathogens, variation in the ability to infect vectors may effect displacement. the current study focused on competitive displacement in dengue virus serotype 3 (denv3), a mosquito-borne pathogen of humans. in sri lanka in the 1980's, a native denv3 strain associate ... | 2008 | 18269771 |
| influence of container size, location, and time of day on oviposition patterns of the dengue vector, aedes aegypti, in thailand. | we conducted a study to determine the effect of container size and location on oviposition site selection by ae. aegypti in large outdoor field enclosures (10 x 10 x 4 m high). there was a strong positive relationship between increasing container diameter, container volume, and water surface area with egg numbers over both high (rainy, july) and low (cool-dry, january) dengue transmission seasons. location of containers (indoors versus immediately outdoors and underneath houses) did not influenc ... | 2008 | 18279006 |
| mitochondrial dna polymorphism and heteroplasmy in populations of aedes aegypti in brazil. | the tropical mosquito aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) is the most important domestic vector of urban yellow fever and dengue viruses. ae. aegypti originated from africa and was probably introduced into brazil during the colonial period through embarkations, and dengue epidemics soon followed. genetic analysis of 12 ae. aegypti populations from five states in brazil was conducted based on two mitochondrial dna fragments: cytochrome oxidase i and nadh dehydrogenase subunit 4. analyses comparing ... | 2008 | 18283943 |
| insecticide-treated bednets to control dengue vectors: preliminary evidence from a controlled trial in haiti. | insecticide-treated bednets (itns) are effective in preventing nocturnally transmitted vector-borne diseases, but their effect on diurnally active dengue vectors has never been studied. we investigated the efficacy of itns in reducing aedes aegypti populations and dengue transmission. | 2008 | 18291003 |
| larvicidal effects of fungal meroterpenoids in the control of aedes aegypti l., the main vector of dengue and yellow fever. | the mosquito aedes aegypti is an increasing problem of public health, being the vector responsible for dengue and yellow fever in tropical and subtropical regions. the aim of this work was to determine the potential larvicidal activity of a series of meroterpenoids, compounds 1-7, previously obtained fungal secondary metabolites from penicillium sp., against the third-instar larvae of a. aegypti. the lethal concentrations (lc(50) and lc(90)) of 1-7 were evaluated 24 h after exposure. dehydroaust ... | 2008 | 18293447 |
| assessment of a new strategy, based on aedes aegypti (l.) pupal productivity, for the surveillance and control of dengue transmission in thailand. | in the countries where the disease is endemic, control of dengue is mainly based on the elimination or treatment of the water-filled containers where the main vector, aedes aegypti, breeds, in interventions usually reliant on community participation. although such control activities must be continuous, since vector eradication appears impossible, it should be possible to reduce the incidence of dengue significantly, in a cost-effective manner, by targeting only those types of containers in which ... | 2008 | 18318938 |
| aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, and dengue in argentina: current knowledge and future directions. | since the reinfestation of south american countries by ae. aegypti, dengue fever (df) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf) have become a major public health concern. the aim of this paper was to review the information related with aedes vectors and dengue in argentina since the reintroduction of ae. aegypti in 1986. the geographic distribution of ae. albopictus is restricted to the northeast, and that of ae. aegypti has expanded towards the south and the west in comparison with the records during ... | 2008 | 18327504 |
| genetic relationships among aedes aegypti collections in venezuela as determined by mitochondrial dna variation and nuclear single nucleotide polymorphisms. | a population genetic analysis of gene flow was conducted among 619 aedes aegypti from nine collections distributed among six geographic regions of venezuela. genetic markers included a 387-basepair region of the mitochondrial nadh dehydrogenase 4 (nd4) gene and single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) at 11 nuclear loci. genotypes at snp loci were identified using melting curve analysis. six different nd4 haplotypes were detected and patterns of variation suggested that collections were isolated b ... | 2008 | 18337347 |
| aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae): monitoring of populations to improve control strategies in argentina. | to study the seasonal fluctuations of populations of aedes aegypti (l.), to improve control strategies, or to monitor chemical control interventions, a lightweight, inexpensive ovitrap made of black plastic, pail-shaped, stackable, and provided with a wood tongue depressor was used. field assays were performed in the northeast and northwest part of argentina. in a 1-year trial performed in tartagal (salta), almost 100% of the ovitraps were highly positive, collecting a total of 1,000/2,000 eggs ... | 2008 | 18344071 |
| the unbearable lightness of technocratic efforts at dengue control. | to identify key elements that should provide an added value and assure sustainable effects of the deployment of technical tools for aedes aegypti control. | 2008 | 18346029 |
| identification of odorant-binding proteins of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti: genome annotation and comparative analyses. | the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti is an important human health pest which vectors yellow fever and dengue viruses. olfaction plays a crucial role in its attraction to hosts and although the molecular basis of this is not well understood it is likely that odorant-binding proteins (obps) are involved in the first step of molecular recognition. based on the obps of drosophila melanogaster and anopheles gambiae we have defined sequence motifs based on obp conserved cysteine and developed an al ... | 2008 | 18353104 |
| developing new approaches for detecting and preventing aedes aegypti population outbreaks: basis for surveillance, alert and control system. | a new approach to dengue vector surveillance based on permanent egg-collection using a modified ovitrap and bacillus thuringiensis israelensis(bti) was evaluated in different urban landscapes in recife, northeast brazil. from april 2004 to april 2005, 13 egg-collection cycles of four weeks were carried out. geo-referenced ovitraps containing grass infusion, bti and three paddles were placed at fixed sampling stations distributed over five selected sites. continuous egg-collections yielded more t ... | 2008 | 18368236 |
| vector competence of aedes aegypti populations from senegal for sylvatic and epidemic dengue 2 virus isolated in west africa. | vector competence of aedes aegypti populations from six locations in different bioclimatic zones and habitats of senegal was assessed for sylvatic (ard 140875) and epidemic (ara 6894) dengue 2 virus (denv-2) isolates. f1 generation mosquitoes were fed with a blood meal containing 10(6.5) and 1.6 x 10(7) tissue culture infectious dose (tcid50) of the sylvatic denv-2 isolate or 10(6.5) tcid50 of the epidemic isolate and incubated for 14 days. after this period, legs and wings of each individual we ... | 2008 | 18378270 |
| unusual productivity of aedes aegypti in septic tanks and its implications for dengue control. | increased den-2 virus transmission in puerto rico during 2005 prompted the implementation of a rapid intervention programme to suppress aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) emergence, which in turn lead to the discovery of previously unknown breeding sites underground. initially, the following control measures were applied in playa/playita (pp), a town of 1,400 households, to all areas where the number of pupae per person exceeded the expected threshold for dengue transmission; all containers ... | 2008 | 18380655 |
| distribution and seasonality of vertically transmitted dengue viruses in aedes mosquitoes in arid and semi-arid areas of rajasthan, india. | transovarial transmission of dengue virus is a crucial etiological phenomenon responsible for persistence of virus during inter-epidemic period of the disease. distribution and seasonality of this phenomenon in disease endemic areas may contribute to explain emergence of dengue and its subsequent prevention. the study on seasonal and area distribution of transovarial transmission of dengue virus in aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus and ae. vittatus has been made in desert and non-desert districts of ... | 2008 | 18399318 |
| [aedes albopictus, vector of chikungunya and dengue viruses in reunion island: biology and control]. | chikungunya virus (chikv) and dengue virus (denv) are mosquito-borne viruses transmitted by the aedes genus. dengue is considered as the most important arbovirus disease throughout the world. chikungunya, known from epidemics in continental africa and asia, has up to now been poorly studied. it has been recently responsible for the severe 2004-2007 epidemic reported in the indian ocean (io), which has caused several serious health and economic problems. this unprecedented epidemic of the io has ... | 2008 | 18416242 |
| crosstalk between coagulation and inflammation during dengue virus infection. | dengue fever is the most prevalent viral disease transmitted by vectors (aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus) in worldwide. more than 100 million cases occur annually with a mortality rate of 5% and no safe vaccine is available. the pathogenesis of dengue, where host and viral factors participate in the establishment of dengue haemorrhagic fever (dhf) and dengue shock syndrome (dss) remains unresolved. clinical observations have revealed significant abnormalities in coagulation and inflammation syst ... | 2008 | 18449425 |
| [population dynamics of the immature stages of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae), vector of dengue: a longitudinal study (1996-2000)]. | a four year study was conducted on a natural population of immature stages of aedes aegypti after the re-invasion of argentina by this vector in 1987. thirty six plastic containers with 700 ml of dechlorinated water were placed in the la plata zoological garden, la plata, argentina. a strip of filter paper around each container was added to facilitate egg counting. eggs, larvae and pupae were counted weekly in each container from september, 1996 to august, 2000. after egg counting, papers were s ... | 2006 | 18491640 |
| evaluation of a sticky trap for collecting aedes (stegomyia) adults in a dengue-endemic area in thailand. | development of new operational techniques for collection and monitoring of adult stegomyia mosquitoes is considered a pressing need for surveillance and prevention of arboviruses. here we report the results from a trial carried out in 2 dengue-endemic villages in thailand to compare the ability to collect aedes adults of a sticky trap versus a cdc backpack aspirator, which has been used routinely at the study area for entomological/epidemiological surveys. our comparison was based on a comparabl ... | 2008 | 18541767 |
| control of mosquito vectors of tropical infectious diseases: (1) bioefficacy of mosquito coils containing several pyrethroids and a synergist. | the bioefficacy of mosquito coils containing several pyrethroids were tested in a 25 m3 room against culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, aedes aegypti and anopheles dirus. the test results were compared with tests against culex pipiens pallens in japan. based on the kt50 values (the 50% knockdown time) of mosquito coils containing dl, d-t80-allethrin, d, d-t-prallethrin and methoxymethyl-tetrafluorobenzyl tetramethyl-cyclopropanecarboxylate (k-3050) at doses of 0.05-0.5% (w/w) with or without a syne ... | 2008 | 18567443 |
| natural vertical transmission of dengue viruses by aedes aegypti in chennai, tamil nadu, india. | dengue viruses are spread and maintained in an aedes aegypti-human- ae. aegypti cycle in urban areas of the tropics. dengue viruses are also maintained in nature by vertical transmission by ae. aegypti. a study was undertaken in chennai, a known endemic city in south india, to comprehend the natural vertical transmission dynamics in ae. aegypti and to assess its epidemiological importance. | 2008 | 18577796 |
| describing the geographic spread of dengue disease by traveling waves. | dengue is a human disease transmitted by the mosquito aedes aegypti. for this reason geographical regions infested by this mosquito species are under the risk of dengue outbreaks. in this work, we propose a mathematical model to study the spatial dissemination of dengue using a system of partial differential reaction-diffusion equations. with respect to the human and mosquito populations, we take into account their respective subclasses of infected and uninfected individuals. the dynamics of the ... | 2008 | 18590749 |
| entomological studies for surveillance and prevention of dengue in arid and semi-arid districts of rajasthan, india. | rajasthan is one of the dengue endemic states of india. very few studies have been published on entomological aspects of dengue in this state. owing to water scarcity, inhabitants in desert areas overstore domestic water which leads to the persistence of dengue vectors within the domestic premises. area specific knowledge on breeding, key containers and seasonal rhythms of vector population is essential for preparing an effective prevention plan against dengue. present paper reports results of e ... | 2008 | 18592841 |
| investigation of an outbreak of chikungunya in malegaon municipal areas of nasik district, maharashtra (india) and its control. | an outbreak of chikungunya fever occurred in malegaon town of nasik district of maharashtra state, india during february and march 2006. a total of 4530 fever cases were reported during this period including 1781 cases which were admitted in different hospitals of the town. an entomological and epidemiological investigation was carried out in the affected villages during the outbreak to study the possible causes of the outbreak and to isolate the virus responsible. | 2008 | 18592845 |
| the aedes aegypti toll pathway controls dengue virus infection. | aedes aegypti, the mosquito vector of dengue viruses, utilizes its innate immune system to ward off a variety of pathogens, some of which can cause disease in humans. to date, the features of insects' innate immune defenses against viruses have mainly been studied in the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster, which appears to utilize different immune pathways against different types of viruses, in addition to an rna interference-based defense system. we have used the recently released whole-genome s ... | 2008 | 18604274 |
| identification of bacteria and bacteria-associated chemical cues that mediate oviposition site preferences by aedes aegypti. | the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, the global vector of dengue and yellow fever, is inexorably linked to water-filled human-made containers for egg laying and production of progeny. oviposition is stimulated by cues from water containers, but the nature and origin of these cues have not been elucidated. we showed that mosquito females directed most of their eggs to bamboo and white-oak leaf infusions, and only a small fraction of the eggs were laid in plain water containers. in binary cho ... | 2008 | 18607006 |
| specific genetic markers for detecting subtypes of dengue virus serotype-2 in isolates from the states of oaxaca and veracruz, mexico. | dengue (den) is an infectious disease caused by the den virus (denv), which belongs to the flavivirus genus in the family flaviviridae. it has a (+) sense rna genome and is mainly transmitted to humans by the vector mosquito aedes aegypti. dengue fever (df) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf) are caused by one of four closely related virus serotypes (denv-1, denv-2, denv-3 and denv-4). epidemiological and evolutionary studies have indicated that host and viral factors are involved in determining ... | 2008 | 18625078 |
| a dengue receptor as possible genetic marker of vector competence in aedes aegypti. | vector competence refers to the intrinsic permissiveness of an arthropod vector for infection, replication and transmission of a virus. notwithstanding studies of quantitative trait loci (qtl) that influence the ability of aedes aegypti midgut (mg) to become infected with dengue virus (denv), no study to date has been undertaken to identify genetic markers of vector competence. furthermore, it is known that mosquito populations differ greatly in their susceptibility to flaviviruses. differences ... | 2008 | 18625079 |
| evaluation of the function of a type i peritrophic matrix as a physical barrier for midgut epithelium invasion by mosquito-borne pathogens in aedes aegypti. | in addition to modulating blood meal digestion and protecting the midgut epithelial cells from mechanical and chemical damage, a biological function attributed to the mosquito type i peritrophic matrix (pm) is preventing or reducing pathogen invasion, especially from plasmodium spp. previously, we demonstrated that chitin is an essential component of the pm and is synthesized de novo in response to blood feeding in aedes aegypti. therefore, knocking down chitin synthase expression by rna interfe ... | 2008 | 18627241 |
| introduction of aedes albopictus in gabon: what consequences for dengue and chikungunya transmission? | the 2007 outbreak of chikungunya in gabon has indicated the potential of this disease to spread beyond its usual range ensuing from the expansion of the mosquito aedes albopictus. a few cases of dengue (den) infection were also detected. because little is known about the potential for gabonese mosquito species to transmit both chikungunya and den viruses (denv), we conducted studies to determine the susceptibility of ae. albopictus and aedes aegypti collected in libreville to both viruses by exp ... | 2008 | 18631309 |
| pupal surveys for aedes aegypti surveillance and potential targeted control in residential areas of mérida, méxico. | a mosquito larval-pupal survey was conducted in 1,160 households of the mexican city of mérida during the rainy season of 2003 to determine their differential productivity for aedes aegypti. larvae and pupae were detected in 15 broad categories of container types. all breeding sites were found in the patios (backyards) and were potentially rain filled. ae. aegypti pupae were produced from all categories of breeding site, and no single container type was predominately responsible for pupal produc ... | 2008 | 18666538 |
| aedes aegypti in senegal: genetic diversity and genetic structure of domestic and sylvatic populations. | aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue viruses. the epidemiology of dengue fever remains poorly understood in senegal. a sylvatic transmission seems to predominate. however, despite the sylvatic circulation of the dengue virus and the presence of vectors in urban areas, only sporadic cases have been reported. ae. aegypti is a polytypic species. in senegal, a purely sylvatic form is found in the forest gallery areas and a domestic form is found in the villages in savannah and sahelian areas a ... | 2008 | 18689628 |
| spatial and temporal patterns in pupal and adult production of the dengue vector aedes aegypti in kamphaeng phet, thailand. | we investigated how temporal and spatial effects confound the functional relationship between pupal and adult populations of aedes aegypti and thus the value of pupal numbers as predictors of dengue transmission risk in kamphaeng phet, thailand. we found considerable seasonal shifts in productivity of key containers. tires contained much less pupae in the dry season than in the wet season. earthenware jars and cement tanks for washing purposes were consistent producers over the entire study peri ... | 2008 | 18689629 |
| the effects of midgut serine proteases on dengue virus type 2 infectivity of aedes aegypti. | dengue viruses (denv) cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide and are transmitted by the mosquito aedes aegypti. mosquitoes become infected after ingesting a viremic bloodmeal, and molecular mechanisms involved in bloodmeal digestion may affect the ability of denv to infect the midgut. we used rna interference (rnai) to silence expression of four midgut serine proteases and assessed the effect of each rnai phenotype on denv-2 infectivity of aedes aegypti. silencing resulted in signif ... | 2008 | 18689635 |
| the 2005 dengue epidemic in singapore: epidemiology, prevention and control. | we investigated the 2005 outbreak of dengue fever (df)/dengue haemorrhagic fever (dhf) to determine its epidemiological, virological and entomological features to further understand the unprecedented resurgence. | 2008 | 18695764 |
| seasonal profiles of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) larval habitats in an urban area of costa rica with a history of mosquito control. | dengue is the most important arboviral disease worldwide and the principal vector-borne disease in costa rica. control of aedes aegypti populations through source reduction is still considered the most effective way of prevention and control, although it has proven ineffective or unsustainable in many areas with a history of mosquito control. in this study, seasonal profiles and productivity of aedes aegypti were analyzed in the city of puntarenas, costa rica, where vector control has been pract ... | 2008 | 18697310 |
| community-based use of the larvivorous fish poecilia reticulata to control the dengue vector aedes aegypti in domestic water storage containers in rural cambodia. | a community-based study of the distribution of larvivorous fish, poecilia reticulata (common name: guppy), in water storage containers for dengue control was undertaken in 14 villages and approximately 1,000 households in cambodia. community volunteers reared guppies and distributed them in water jars and tanks in households for which they were responsible. a nearby control area received no intervention. one year after project commencement, 56.9% of eligible containers contained guppies and ther ... | 2008 | 18697316 |
| [population dynamics of aedes aegypti (l) in an urban area with high incidence of dengue]. | aspects of the population dynamics of aedes aegypti were investigated from collections over a two-year period in the urban area of uberlândia, state of minas gerais. the population dynamics of this mosquito were influenced by physical factors such as temperature and rainfall. high larval densities also had an influence on mosquito development. | 2008 | 18719816 |
| larvicidal activity of lectins from myracrodruon urundeuva on aedes aegypti. | aedes aegypti transmits etiologic agents of yellow fever and dengue. vaccine for dengue virus is not available and vector control is essential to minimize dengue incidence. this report deals with the larvicidal activity of lectins isolated from myracrodruon urundeuva bark (mubl) and heartwood (muhl). the lectins were isolated by ammonium sulphate treatment of crude extracts followed by chromatography on chitin. mubl and muhl were evaluated by electrophoresis under native (page) and denaturing co ... | 2009 | 18761426 |
| [a community education strategy to promote participation in dengue prevention in cuba]. | to document the process and analyze the results of implementing a strategy aimed at increasing community participation in the fight against the dengue mosquito vector. | 2008 | 18764996 |
| spread, establishment & prevalence of dengue vector aedes aegypti (l.) in konkan region, maharashtra, india. | aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) was surveyed in the residential biotopes of sindhudurg, ratnagiri and raigadh districts, maharashtra state during dry (january-may & november- december) and wet (june-october) months in 2002 to update information on its distribution, to analyse post invasion establishment, and to study its prevalence. | 2008 | 18765879 |
| natural odor ligands for olfactory receptor neurons of the female mosquito aedes aegypti: use of gas chromatography-linked single sensillum recordings. | female aedes aegypti are vectors of dengue and yellow fever. odor volatiles are the predominant cues that drive the host-seeking behavior of ae. aegypti. odorant molecules are detected and discriminated by olfactory receptor neurons (orns) housed in sensory hairs, sensilla, located on the antennae and maxillary palps. in a previous study, we used odor volatiles that are behaviorally and/or electrophysiologically active for ae. aegypti and other mosquito species to show that antennal orns of fema ... | 2008 | 18775939 |
| two clustering diffusion patterns identified from the 2001-2003 dengue epidemic, kaohsiung, taiwan. | this study analyzed the spatio-temporal patterns of 4,587 (94% of the total) confirmed dengue cases in kaohsiung and fengshan cities (a two-city area) that occurred in taiwan from 2001 to 2003. the epidemic had two simultaneous distinct diffusion patterns. one was a contiguous pattern, mostly limited to 1 km from an initial cluster, reflecting that there was a rapid dispersal of infected aedes aegypti and viremic persons. the second followed a relocation pattern, involving clusters of cases that ... | 2008 | 18784225 |
| development and application of a simple colorimetric assay reveals widespread distribution of sodium channel mutations in thai populations of aedes aegypti. | dengue fever and its more serious complications dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome are growing public health problems in tropical and subtropical countries. in the absence of a vaccine, most dengue control programmes rely heavily on the use of insecticides to target the aedes mosquito vectors. as a limited number of insecticides are routinely used in control, monitoring for the presence of resistance is an essential component of dengue prevention programmes. the pyrethroid insec ... | 2008 | 18801327 |
| models for predicting aedes aegypti larval indices based on satellite images and climatic variables. | forecasting models were developed for predicting aedes aegypti larval indices in an endemic area for dengue (cities of tartagal and orán, northwestern argentina), based on the breteau and house indices and environmental variables considered with and without time lags. descriptive models were first developed for each city and each index by multiple linear regressions, followed by a regional model including both cities together. finally, two forecasting regional models (frm) were developed and eva ... | 2008 | 18939688 |
| study of the relationship between aedes (stegomyia) aegypti egg and adult densities, dengue fever and climate in mirassol, state of são paulo, brazil. | the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between aedes aegypti egg and adult density indices, dengue fever and climate in mirassol, state of são paulo, brazil, between november 2004-november 2005. weekly collections of adults and eggs were made using, respectively, manual aspirators and oviposition traps that produced four entomological indices (positivity and average of females and eggs). weekly incidence coefficients were calculated based on dengue cases. each week, the data o ... | 2008 | 18949325 |