| the earliest case of extreme sexual display with exaggerated male organs by two middle jurassic mecopterans. | many extant male animals exhibit exaggerated body parts for display, defense or offence in sexual selection, such as male birds of paradise showing off colorful and elegant feathers and male moose and reindeers bearing large structured antlers. for insects, male rhinoceros and stag beetles have huge horn-like structure for fighting and competition and some male leptopanorpa scorpionflies have very long abdominal terminal segments for sexual display and competition. fossil records of insects havi ... | 2013 | 23977031 |
| prognostic value of epidermal growth factor receptor in patients with gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. | the epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) plays important roles in the development of gastric cancer. this study aims to analyze the prognostic value of egfr in patients with gastric cancer. | 2013 | 23954221 |
| prenatal identification of invasive placentation using ultrasound: systematic review and meta-analysis. | the accuracy of prospective sonographic prenatal detection of invasive placentation is unclear. the objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the performance of ultrasound in at-risk women for prenatal identification of invasive placentation. | 2013 | 23943408 |
| association between obesity and postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing cardiac operations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | in a systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis, we evaluated whether obesity is associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation (poaf) in patients undergoing cardiac operations. we selected 18 observational studies until december 2011 that excluded patients with preoperative af (n=36,147). obese patients had a modest higher risk of poaf compared with nonobese (odds ratio, 1.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 1.21; p=0.002). the association between obesity and poaf did not vary subst ... | 2013 | 23932258 |
| spatio-temporal dynamics in the response of woodland caribou and moose to the passage of grey wolf. | predators impact prey populations not only by consuming individuals, but also by altering their behaviours. these nonlethal effects can influence food web properties as much as lethal effects. the mechanisms of nonlethal effects include chronic and temporary anti-predator behaviours, the nature of which depends on the spatial dynamics of predators and the range over which prey perceive risk. the relation between chronic and ephemeral responses to risk determines predator-prey interactions, with ... | 2014 | 23859231 |
| quantitative association of tobacco smoking with the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a comprehensive meta-analysis of studies conducted between 1979 and 2011. | over the years, many studies have attempted to establish a link between tobacco smoking and an increased risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc), but their results have been inconsistent. to clarify this link, we first conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to integrate the findings of epidemiologic studies from the last half-century. the methodology used for this study followed the checklist proposed by the meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology (moose) group. pooled risk estima ... | 2013 | 23785114 |
| fetal growth in relation to maternal and fetal igf-axes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | insulin-like growth factors (igfs) and their binding proteins (igfbps) are key regulators of fetal growth. however, the literature is inconsistent. our objective was to systematically and objectively evaluate the available literature and to develop a balanced opinion on the relation between maternal and fetal igf-axes and birthweight. a systematic review and a meta-analysis were conducted according to the published moose (meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology) guidelines. a robu ... | 2013 | 23745729 |
| recommendations for reporting outcome results in abdominal wall repair: results of a consensus meeting in palermo, italy, 28-30 june 2012. | the literature dealing with abdominal wall surgery is often flawed due to lack of adherence to accepted reporting standards and statistical methodology. | 2013 | 23673408 |
| a systematic scoping review of adherence to reporting guidelines in health care literature. | reporting guidelines have been available for the past 17 years since the inception of the consolidated standards of reporting trials statement in 1996. these guidelines were developed to improve the quality of reporting of studies in medical literature. despite the widespread availability of these guidelines, the quality of reporting of medical literature remained suboptimal. in this study, we assess the current adherence practice to reporting guidelines; determine key factors associated with be ... | 2013 | 23671390 |
| home range size variation in a recovering wolf population: evaluating the effect of environmental, demographic, and social factors. | home range size in mammals is a key ecological trait and an important parameter in conservation planning, and has been shown to be influenced by ecological, demographic and social factors in animal populations. information on space requirements is especially important for carnivore species which range over very large areas and often come into direct conflict with human interest. we used long-term telemetry-location data from a recovering wolf population in scandinavia to investigate variation in ... | 2013 | 23636461 |
| alcohol use disorders and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on all-cause mortality in people with alcohol use disorders. | 2013 | 23627868 |
| perinatal outcomes of isolated oligohydramnios at term and post-term pregnancy: a systematic review of literature with meta-analysis. | the management of isolated oligohydramnios (io) in post/term pregnancies is controversial. the aim of this paper was to review outcomes of term and post-term pregnancies with io versus normal amniotic fluid (af) at labor assessment. | 2013 | 23561019 |
| a systematic review of the relationship between blood loss and clinical signs. | this systematic review examines the relationship between blood loss and clinical signs and explores its use to trigger clinical interventions in the management of obstetric haemorrhage. | 2013 | 23483915 |
| racing car brings tear drops in the moose. | | 2013 | 23436891 |
| impact of cord entanglement on perinatal outcome of monoamniotic twins: a systematic review of the literature. | to review the current literature concerning perinatal outcome of monoamniotic pregnancies with cord entanglement. | 2013 | 23371346 |
| psoriasis and metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. | increasing population-based studies have suggested a relationship between psoriasis and metabolic syndrome. | 2013 | 23360868 |
| genetic variation in codons 167, 198 and 200 of the beta-tubulin gene in whipworms (trichuris spp.) from a range of domestic animals and wildlife. | a recurrent problem in the control of whipworm (trichuris spp.) infections in many animal species and man is the relatively low efficacy of treatment with a single application of benzimidazoles (bzs). the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in codons 167, 198 and 200 in the beta-tubulin gene has been associated with bz anthelmintic resistance in intestinal nematodes of veterinary importance. we hypothesized that the low susceptibility to bz could be related to a natural tolerance ... | 2013 | 23352105 |
| managing moose harvests by the seat of your pants. | moose populations are managed for sustainable yield balanced against costs caused by damage to forestry or agriculture and collisions with vehicles. optimal harvests can be calculated based on a structured population model driven by data on abundance and the composition of bulls, cows, and calves obtained by aerial-survey monitoring during winter. quotas are established by the respective government agency and licenses are issued to hunters to harvest an animal of specified age or sex during the ... | 2012 | 23316496 |
| associations of glycemic index and load with coronary heart disease events: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohorts. | glycemic index (gi) and glycemic load (gl) have been associated with coronary heart disease (chd) risk in some but not all cohort studies. we therefore assessed the association of gi and gl with chd risk in prospective cohorts. | 2012 | 23316283 |
| using exploratory factor analysis of ffq data to identify dietary patterns among yup'ik people. | an ffq developed by the center for alaska native health research for studies in yup'ik people includes market foods and subsistence foods such as moose, seal, waterfowl and salmon that may be related to disease risk. because the ffq contains >100 food items, we sought to characterize dietary patterns more simply for use in ongoing pharmacogenomics studies. | 2014 | 23290469 |
| methodological standards in medical reporting. | published research findings are the basis for health care decisions or further medical research. however, reporting of research methods and findings is often incomplete and of insufficient quality. poor reporting hampers the assessment of reliability and validity of study results. strengths and weaknesses of the investigation cannot be completely evaluated and subsequently it can mislead decision making in health care or in further clinical research. transparent reporting can help minimize misin ... | 2013 | 23279950 |
| meta-analysis: recurrence and survival following the use of sirolimus in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. | the use of sirolimus (srl)-based immunosuppression protocols have been reported to reduce recurrence rates following liver transplantation (lt) for hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc), although this is still a matter for debate. | 2013 | 23278125 |
| prevalence and clinical features of multiple sclerosis in latin america. | multiple sclerosis (ms) in latin america (la) is considered to have a low to medium prevalence. however, accurate information on ms in la is scarce. the aim of this study was to compare clinical characteristics among la patients through a systematic review of the literature. a systematic search (spanish, portuguese and english) was done for all clinical studies of ms in humans (medline, pubmed, scielo, bireme, embase and lilacs) up to may 2011 being focused on a well-defined latin american popul ... | 2013 | 23273381 |
| childhood overweight/obesity and asthma: is there a link? a systematic review of recent epidemiologic evidence. | asthma and overweight/obesity prevalence are both increasing worldwide. overweight/obesity has been suggested as a risk factor for developing asthma. the aim of this review is to present and evaluate recent publications that help answer the question: "is increased body weight (at least overweight status) related to asthma in children?" a systematic review of epidemiologic literature was carried out using the medline database. epidemiologic studies on young human subjects (ie, infants, children, ... | 2013 | 23260726 |
| surgical treatment of infected aortic grafts. | an infection of an aortic prosthesis is a severe condition with high morbidity and mortality rates. surgical treatment of an infected aortic graft or infected aortic stent-graft focuses on treatment of the infection and maintaining or restoring perfusion of the lower limbs. over the years various reconstruction options have been introduced, each claiming to be the most successful in securing lower limb perfusion. consensus about the optimum treatment strategy is lacking. the frail patient popula ... | 2012 | 23207555 |
| spatial genetic and morphologic structure of wolves and coyotes in relation to environmental heterogeneity in a canis hybrid zone. | eastern wolves have hybridized extensively with coyotes and gray wolves and are listed as a 'species of special concern' in canada. however, a distinct population of eastern wolves has been identified in algonquin provincial park (app) in ontario. previous studies of the diverse canis hybrid zone adjacent to app have not linked genetic analysis with field data to investigate genotype-specific morphology or determine how resident animals of different ancestry are distributed across the landscape ... | 2012 | 23173981 |
| surgical treatment of infected aortic grafts. | an infection of an aortic prosthesis is a severe condition with high morbidity and mortality rates. surgical treatment of an infected aortic graft or infected aortic stent-graft focuses on treatment of the infection and maintaining or restoring perfusion of the lower limbs. over the years various reconstruction options have been introduced, each claiming to be the most successful in securing lower limb perfusion. consensus about the optimum treatment strategy is lacking. the frail patient popula ... | 2012 | 23138602 |
| cryptic onchocerca species infecting north american cervids, with implications for the evolutionary history of host associations in onchocerca. | parasites in the genus onchocerca infect humans, ruminants, camels, horses, suids, and canids, with effects ranging from relatively benign to debilitating. in north america, onchocerca cervipedis is the sole species known to infect cervids, while at least 5 onchocerca species infect eurasian cervids. in this study, we report the discovery of a cervid-parasitizing onchocerca only distantly related to o. cervipedis. to reconstruct the phylogenetic history of the genus onchocerca, we used newly acq ... | 2013 | 23131549 |
| evaluation of two quantitative pcr assays using bacteroidales and mitochondrial dna markers for tracking dog fecal contamination in waterbodies. | this study describes a comparative performance evaluation of two qpcr assays targeting a dog-associated bacteroidales 16s rrna genetic marker (canbac-ucd) and a dog mitochondrial dna (mtdna) marker. the same fecal and environmental samples were assayed for the two markers thereby allowing direct comparison. a wide range of non-target species including, human, pig, horse, deer, mountain goat, bison, caribou, and moose were tested. marker persistence was also monitored in freshwater microcosms. bo ... | 2012 | 23041493 |
| polyaromatic hydrocarbons of smoked cured muscle foods prepared by canadian tl'azt'en and llheidli t'enneh first nation communities. | tl'azt'en and lheidli t'enneh first nation communities have traditionally used smoking, drying, and salting of fish and game as preservation methods to enhance food security. our results showed that levels of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) were significantly higher in smoked salmon samples compared to moose meats, and further, that pah contents were also dependent on the duration of smoke processing. benzo[a]pyrene (bap) was not detected in fresh or partially smoked foods, but was pre ... | 2012 | 23030651 |
| screening women for oral contraception: can family history identify inherited thrombophilias? | screening for inherited thrombophilias with laboratory tests is impractical before starting women on combined oral contraceptives. as an alternative, some recommend eliciting a family history of venous thromboembolism. the validity of this approach, however, remains unclear. | 2012 | 22996107 |
| current evidence on the associations of breastfeeding, infant formula, and cow's milk introduction with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. | current evidence provides contradictory results in regards to the associations of breastfeeding or early introduction of cow's milk and formula with the development of type 1 diabetes (t1d). the aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the type of feeding, duration of breastfeeding, time of introduction of formula or cow's milk, and the potential impact on developing t1d. the literature search was conducted based on the standards outlined in the moose guidelines for meta-analyses and system ... | 2012 | 22946851 |
| diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for surgery-related pressure ulcers: a meta-analysis. | the purpose of this study was to determine whether diabetes mellitus is associated with increased likelihood of surgery-related (perioperative) pressure ulcers. | 2016 | 22864191 |
| racial/ethnic disparities in hiv infection among people who inject drugs: an international systematic review and meta-analysis. | the ethnic minority meta-analysis (emma) aims to assess racial/ethnic disparities in hiv infection among people who inject drugs (pwid) across various countries. this is the first report of the data. | 2012 | 22823178 |
| neuropsychological consequences of chronic opioid use: a quantitative review and meta-analysis. | it is widely assumed within the accumulated literature that neuropsychological function is commonly impaired as a consequence of chronic opioid use. | 2012 | 22771335 |
| linking trade-offs in habitat selection with the occurrence of functional responses for moose living in two nearby study areas. | a species may modify its relative habitat use with changing availability, generating functional responses in habitat selection. functional responses in habitat selection are expected to occur when animals experience trade-offs influencing their habitat selection, but only a few studies to date have explicitly linked functional responses to the underlying trade-offs faced by the animals. we used data from 39 female moose fitted with gps telemetry collars in two nearby study areas in canada to inv ... | 2012 | 22729651 |
| parasites in ungulates of arctic north america and greenland: a view of contemporary diversity, ecology, and impact in a world under change. | parasites play an important role in the structure and function of arctic ecosystems, systems that are currently experiencing an unprecedented rate of change due to various anthropogenic perturbations, including climate change. ungulates such as muskoxen, caribou, moose and dall's sheep are also important components of northern ecosystems and are a source of food and income, as well as a focus for maintenance of cultural traditions, for northerners. parasites of ungulates can influence host healt ... | 2012 | 22726643 |
| apparent diffusion coefficient restriction in the white matter: going beyond acute brain territorial ischemia. | reduction of apparent diffusion coefficient (adc) values in white matter is not always ischaemic in nature. | 2012 | 22696041 |
| influence of outdoor no2 exposure on asthma in childhood: meta-analysis. | it has long been assumed that the development of childhood asthma is related to exposure to environmental chemicals, but it has thus far not been possible to unequivocally establish this suspected relationship using individual studies. moreover, studies of children have been scanty and unreliable due to the large diversity of research environments and subject cohorts. the aim of the current study was to clarify this relationship for one factor by means of a meta-analysis of studies investigating ... | 2012 | 22640481 |
| male participation in prevention programmes of mother to child transmission of hiv: a protocol for a systematic review to identify barriers, facilitators and reported interventions. | infection with the hiv and aids are leading causes of morbidity and mortality among women and children worldwide. prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hiv (pmtct) programs were developed to protect women and their babies from having hiv infection. however, knowledge on how male participation has been applied to these programs is limited. we present a research protocol for a review which seeks to determine the effects of male participation on female uptake of pmtct programs, and assess h ... | 2012 | 22588016 |
| are peer reviewers encouraged to use reporting guidelines? a survey of 116 health research journals. | pre-publication peer review of manuscripts should enhance the value of research publications to readers who may wish to utilize findings in clinical care or health policy-making. much published research across all medical specialties is not useful, may be misleading, wasteful and even harmful. reporting guidelines are tools that in addition to helping authors prepare better manuscripts may help peer reviewers in assessing them. we examined journals' instructions to peer reviewers to see if and h ... | 2012 | 22558178 |
| outcomes of pregnancy following surgery for stress urinary incontinence: a systematic review. | although few data have been published on the safety of childbearing after surgery for stress urinary incontinence, a large proportion of physicians recommend that women wait to complete childbearing before pursuing surgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence. we systematically reviewed the available literature to examine the safety of pregnancy after stress urinary incontinence surgery, and to measure the effect of such pregnancy on continence outcomes. | 2012 | 22498223 |
| traditional food consumption behaviour and concern with environmental contaminants among cree schoolchildren of the mushkegowuk territory. | to investigate factors influencing consumption of traditional foods (e.g. wild game, fish) and concerns about environmental contaminants among schoolchildren of the mushkegowuk territory first nations (moose factory, fort albany, kashechewan, attawapiskat, and peawanuck). | 2012 | 22456047 |
| systematic review of total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation for chronic pancreatitis. | total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation (tp/iat) is a treatment option in a subset of patients with chronic pancreatitis. a systematic review of the literature was performed to evaluate the outcome of this procedure, with an attempt to ascertain when it is indicated. | 2012 | 22434330 |
| do psychiatric medications, especially antidepressants, adversely impact maternal metabolic outcomes? | psychiatric illnesses, particularly depression, are some of the most common complications of pregnancy. accordingly, pharmacologic treatment of these illnesses is prevalent and increasing. systematic reviews on psychiatric medication use during pregnancy have shown effects on obstetrical and neonatal outcomes and non-systematic reviews of maternal outcomes suggest higher weight gain and an increased risk of gestational diabetes. however, to date there has not been a systematic review of the effe ... | 2012 | 22370064 |
| systematic review and meta-analysis of "inside-out" versus "outside-in" transobturator tapes in management of stress urinary incontinence in women. | to directly compare the current evidence for the efficacy, complications, quality of life and cost to health services of both transobturator tension free vaginal tape procedures - "inside-out" versus "outside-in" - in the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. | 2012 | 22336229 |
| [appraisal of meta-analysis manuscripts on eye diseases published in chinese journals with quorom statement and moose guidelines]. | to assess the standardization of meta-analyses reports on eye diseases published in chinese journals in recent ten years. | 2011 | 22169614 |
| major congenital malformations in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | the risk of major congenital malformations (mcm) is increased in women with pregestational diabetes mellitus (pgdm). whether this risk is increased in gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) is still debated. the aim of this study was to perform a systematic review (and meta-analysis) of major congenital malformations in women with gestational diabetes versus a reference population. | 2012 | 22052679 |
| type-specific hpv prevalence in cervical cancer and high-grade lesions in latin america and the caribbean: systematic review and meta-analysis. | cervical cancer is a major public health problem in latin america and the caribbean (la&c), showing some of the highest incidence and mortality rates worldwide. information on hpv type distribution in high-grade cervical lesions (hsil) and invasive cervical cancer (icc) is crucial to predict the future impact of hpv16/18 vaccines and screening programmes, and to establish an appropriate post-vaccinal virologic surveillance. the aim was to assess the prevalence of hpv types in hsil and icc in stu ... | 2011 | 21991313 |
| body mass index and susceptibility to knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | excess bodyweight, expressed as increased body mass index, is associated with osteoarthritis risk, especially in weight bearing joints. however, the strength of the association was inconsistent. the study was conducted to quantitatively assess the association between body mass index and the risk of knee osteoarthritis and investigate the difference of the strength stratified by sex, study type and osteoarthritis definition. | 2012 | 21803633 |
| an integrated review of developmental outcomes and late-preterm birth. | to evaluate existing evidence on long-term developmental outcomes of late-preterm infants (lpi; infants born 34-36 6/7 weeks gestation). | 2016 | 21771069 |
| predicting mortality with severity assessment tools in out-patients with community-acquired pneumonia. | in community-acquired pneumonia, severity assessment tools, such as crb65, curb65 and pneumonia severity index (psi), have been promoted to increase the proportion of patients treated in the community. the prognostic accuracy of these scores is established in hospitalized patients, but less is known about their use in out-patients. we aimed to study the accuracy of these severity tools to predict mortality in patients managed as out-patients. | 2011 | 21768166 |
| neonatal outcomes of assisted and naturally conceived twins: systematic review and meta-analysis. | to review the neonatal outcomes of assisted reproductive technique (art) vs. naturally conceived (nc) twins. | 2011 | 21767221 |
| habitat quality influences population distribution, individual space use and functional responses in habitat selection by a large herbivore. | identifying factors shaping variation in resource selection is central for our understanding of the behaviour and distribution of animals. we examined summer habitat selection and space use by 108 global positioning system (gps)-collared moose in norway in relation to sex, reproductive status, habitat quality, and availability. moose selected habitat types based on a combination of forage quality and availability of suitable habitat types. selection of protective cover was strongest for reproduc ... | 2012 | 21766188 |
| what do we know about the non-work determinants of workers' mental health? a systematic review of longitudinal studies. | in the past years, cumulative evidence has convincingly demonstrated that the work environment is a critical determinant of workers' mental health. nevertheless, much less attention has been dedicated towards understanding the pathways through which other pivotal life environments might also concomitantly intervene, along with the work environment, to bring about mental health outcomes in the workforce. the aim of this study consisted in conducting a systematic review examining the relative cont ... | 2011 | 21645393 |
| low gestational weight gain and the risk of preterm birth and low birthweight: a systematic review and meta-analyses. | low gestational weight gain is common, with potential adverse perinatal outcomes. | 2011 | 21623738 |
| facial emotion perception in depression and bipolar disorder: a quantitative review. | a considerable body of literature has reported on emotion perception deficits and the relevance of these impairments in persons with depression and bipolar disorder. fifty-one studies published between 1981-february 2009 were examined regarding emotion perception abilities between patient and control groups, and potential methodological, demographic and clinical moderators. studies were identified through a computerized literature search of the medline, psychinfo, and pubmed databases. the meta- ... | 2011 | 21601927 |
| association between domestic mould and mould components, and asthma and allergy in children: a systematic review. | critical reviews over the past 10 yrs have found increased respiratory and allergic health outcomes for children living in damp and mouldy environments. however, recent studies have suggested that early childhood exposure to specific mould components may actually protect children from developing allergy. we conducted a systematic review of observational studies published in english from january 1980 to july 2010. this review was conducted according to systematic guidelines for meta-analyses of o ... | 2011 | 21540311 |
| evidence of fixed capacity in visual object categorization. | how is visual object perception limited by divided attention? whereas some theories have proposed that it is not limited at all (unlimited capacity), others have proposed that divided attention introduces restrictive capacity limitations or serial processing (fixed capacity). we addressed this question using a task in which observers searched for instances of particular object categories, such as a moose or squirrel. we applied an extended simultaneous-sequential paradigm to test the fixed-capac ... | 2011 | 21538202 |
| are pediatric open access journals promoting good publication practice? an analysis of author instructions. | several studies analyzed whether conventional journals in general medicine or specialties such as pediatrics endorse recommendations aiming to improve publication practice. despite evidence showing benefits of these recommendations, the proportion of endorsing journals has been moderate to low and varied considerably for different recommendations. about half of pediatric journals indexed in the journal citation report referred to the uniform requirements for manuscripts of the international comm ... | 2011 | 21477335 |
| does smoking protect against osteoarthritis? meta-analysis of observational studies. | to determine whether smoking is protective against the development of osteoarthritis (oa). | 2011 | 21474488 |
| solute and particle retention in the digestive tract of the phillip's dikdik (madoqua saltiana phillipsi), a very small browsing ruminant: biological and methodological implications. | morphological characteristics of the forestomach, as well as reports of a natural diet that mostly excludes monocots, suggest that dikdiks (madoqua spp.), among smallest extant ruminants, should have a 'moose-type' forestomach physiology characterised by a low degree of selective particle retention. we tested this assumption in a series of feeding experiments with 12 adult phillip's dikdiks (madoqua saltiana phillipsi) on three different intake levels per animal, using cobalt-edta as a solute ma ... | 2011 | 21457785 |
| [the major problem and countermeasures of recent meta-analysis manuscripts in chinese journals]. | the present paper concerns on some distinct shortcomings of recent eye diseases related meta-analysis manuscripts in chinese literatures, then discusses the following important-aspects in meta-analysis procedures: addressing the purpose properly, providing a precise title, collecting relative literatures comprehensively, assessing the quality of enrolled studies systematically, evaluating the result of test for heterogeneity correctly, choosing the outcome indicators and effect indexes accuratel ... | 2011 | 21418920 |
| secondhand smoke and adverse fetal outcomes in nonsmoking pregnant women: a meta-analysis. | to determine the risk of adverse fetal outcomes of secondhand smoke exposure in nonsmoking pregnant women. | 2011 | 21382949 |
| birthweight and mortality in adulthood: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | small birth size may be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (cvd), whereas large birth size may predict increased risk of obesity and some cancers. the net effect of birth size on long-term mortality has only been assessed in individual studies, with conflicting results. | 2011 | 21324938 |
| jefferson's moose. | | 2011 | 21319548 |
| the isle royale wolf-moose project (1958-present) and the wonder of long-term ecological research. | | 2011 | 21310487 |
| effects of the september 11, 2001 disaster on pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review. | the terrorist explosions of the world trade center in new york city and the other events on the pentagon and in pennsylvania on 11 september 2001 were stressful events that affected people around the world. pregnant women and their offspring are especially vulnerable during and after such a terrorist attack. the objective was to systematically review the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes after the terrorist attacks on sept 11, 2001. | 2011 | 21275910 |
| pulmonary embolism prophylaxis with inferior vena cava filters in trauma patients: a systematic review using the meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology (moose) guidelines. | prophylactic inferior vena cava filters (pivcfs) for the prevention of pulmonary embolism (pe) are controversial. current practice guidelines (east and accp) are based on the critical appraisal of observational studies. as a result, their recommendations are conflicting and may account for practice pattern variation. the purpose of this study is to critically review the available literature and ascertain the level of evidence both for and against the use of pivcfs for pe prophylaxis in trauma pa ... | 2011 | 21221716 |
| maternal underweight and the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight: a systematic review and meta-analyses. | despite the current obesity epidemic, maternal underweight remains a common occurrence with potential adverse perinatal outcomes. our objective was to determine the relationship between maternal underweight and preterm birth (ptb) and low birth weight (lbw) in singleton pregnancies in developing and developed countries. | 2011 | 21097954 |
| mortality among regular or dependent users of heroin and other opioids: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. | to review the literature on mortality among dependent or regular users of opioids across regions, according to specific causes, and related to a number of demographic and clinical variables. | 2011 | 21054613 |
| information from pharmaceutical companies and the quality, quantity, and cost of physicians' prescribing: a systematic review. | pharmaceutical companies spent $57.5 billion on pharmaceutical promotion in the united states in 2004. the industry claims that promotion provides scientific and educational information to physicians. while some evidence indicates that promotion may adversely influence prescribing, physicians hold a wide range of views about pharmaceutical promotion. the objective of this review is to examine the relationship between exposure to information from pharmaceutical companies and the quality, quantity ... | 2010 | 20976098 |
| association of physical activity level and stroke outcomes in men and women: a meta-analysis. | the protective effect of physical activity (pa) on risk of stroke remains controversial as a result of lack of insight into the sources of heterogeneity between studies. we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of studies to (1) quantify the association between pa level and risk of stroke outcomes and (2) test the hypothesis that the association of pa level with stroke outcomes will be similar between men and women. the outcome measures are stroke incidence, stroke mortality, or both. | 2010 | 20929415 |
| severity assessment tools for predicting mortality in hospitalised patients with community-acquired pneumonia. systematic review and meta-analysis. | international guidelines recommend a severity-based approach to management in community-acquired pneumonia. curb65, crb65 and the pneumonia severity index (psi) are the most widely recommended severity scores. the aim of this study was to compare the performance characteristics of these scores for predicting mortality in community-acquired pneumonia. | 2010 | 20729231 |
| summary of the aua guideline on management of primary vesicoureteral reflux in children. | the american urological association established the vesicoureteral reflux guideline update committee in july 2005 to update the management of primary vesicoureteral reflux in children guideline. the panel defined the task into 5 topics pertaining to specific vesicoureteral reflux management issues, which correspond to the management of 3 distinct index patients and the screening of 2 distinct index patients. this report summarizes the existing evidence pertaining to children with diagnosed reflu ... | 2010 | 20650499 |
| pediatric vesicoureteral reflux guidelines panel summary report: clinical practice guidelines for screening siblings of children with vesicoureteral reflux and neonates/infants with prenatal hydronephrosis. | the american urological association established the vesicoureteral reflux guideline update committee in july 2005 to update the management of primary vesicoureteral reflux in children guideline. the panel defined the task into 5 topics pertaining to specific vesicoureteral reflux management issues, which correspond to the management of 3 distinct index patients and the screening of 2 distinct index patients. this report summarizes the existing evidence pertaining to screening of siblings and off ... | 2010 | 20650494 |
| systematic review and meta-analysis of steatosis as a risk factor in major hepatic resection. | the risk of major hepatic resection in patients with hepatic steatosis remains controversial. a meta-analysis was performed to establish the best estimate of the impact of steatosis on patient outcome following major hepatic surgery. | 2010 | 20641066 |
| evolutionary adaptations of ruminants and their potential relevance for modern production systems. | comparative physiology applies methods established in domestic animal science to a wider variety of species. this can lead to improved insight into evolutionary adaptations of domestic animals, by putting domestic species into a broader context. examples include the variety of responses to seasonally fluctuating environments, different adaptations to heat and drought, and in particular adaptations to herbivory and various herbivore niches. herbivores generally face the challenge that a high food ... | 2010 | 22444604 |
| neuroml: a language for describing data driven models of neurons and networks with a high degree of biological detail. | biologically detailed single neuron and network models are important for understanding how ion channels, synapses and anatomical connectivity underlie the complex electrical behavior of the brain. while neuronal simulators such as neuron, genesis, moose, nest, and psics facilitate the development of these data-driven neuronal models, the specialized languages they employ are generally not interoperable, limiting model accessibility and preventing reuse of model components and cross-simulator val ... | 2010 | 20585541 |
| resource management cycles and the sustainability of harvested wildlife populations. | constant harvest policies for fish and wildlife populations can lead to population collapse in the face of stochastic variation in population growth rates. here, we show that weak compensatory response by resource users or managers to changing levels of resource abundance can readily induce harvest cycles that accentuate the risk of catastrophic population collapse. dynamic system models incorporating this mix of feedback predict that cycles or quasi-cycles with decadal periodicity should common ... | 2010 | 20466934 |
| wildlife forensics: "supervised" assignment testing can complicate the association of suspect cases to source populations. | forensic science techniques are an important component of investigations for wildlife-related offences. in particular, dna analyses can be used to characterize several attributes of biological evidence including sex, individual and species identification. additionally, genetic assignment testing has enabled forensic biologists to identify the local population from which an individual may have originated. this technique has proved useful in situations where animals have been illegally harvested f ... | 2011 | 20457090 |
| diagnostic delay broadly associated with more advanced stage oral cancer. | medline, embase, isi proceedings and the reference lists of relevant articles were used to find relevant studies. | 2010 | 20348897 |
| run-time interoperability between neuronal network simulators based on the music framework. | music is a standard api allowing large scale neuron simulators to exchange data within a parallel computer during runtime. a pilot implementation of this api has been released as open source. we provide experiences from the implementation of music interfaces for two neuronal network simulators of different kinds, nest and moose. a multi-simulation of a cortico-striatal network model involving both simulators is performed, demonstrating how music can promote inter-operability between models writt ... | 2010 | 20195795 |
| who uses sunbeds? a systematic literature review of risk groups in developed countries. | skin cancer is caused by ultraviolet radiation (uvr). indoor tanning is a totally avoidable risk behaviour. this review addresses the specific characteristics of sunbed users and the differences in motivation and risk perception compared with non-users. this review is based solely on empirical original articles. based on literature searches with widely used reference databases ('pubmed', 'ovid', 'social citation index', 'eric--educational resources information center', 'web of science' and the ' ... | 2010 | 20015180 |
| wolves modulate soil nutrient heterogeneity and foliar nitrogen by configuring the distribution of ungulate carcasses. | mechanistic links between top terrestrial predators and biogeochemical processes remain poorly understood. here we demonstrate that large carnivores configure landscape heterogeneity through prey carcass distribution. a 50-year record composed of > 3600 moose carcasses from isle royale national park, michigan, usa, showed that wolves modulate heterogeneity in soil nutrients, soil microbes, and plant quality by clustering prey carcasses over space. despite being well utilized by predators, moose ... | 2009 | 19967871 |
| neurologic outcome of surgical and conservative treatment of rheumatoid cervical spine subluxation: a systematic review. | rheumatoid arthritis commonly involves the upper cervical spine and can cause significant neurologic morbidity and mortality. however, there is no consensus on the optimal timing for surgical intervention: whether surgery should be performed prophylactically or once neurologic deficits have become apparent. | 2009 | 19950322 |
| exposure to chemicals and metals and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review. | environmental exposure to chemicals and metals may contribute to the risk of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als). two systematic reviews of the literature on these topics performed according to the well-established moose guidelines are presented. literature cited in medline, embase, cinahl, and cochrane databases (up to march 2007) as well as references of relevant articles were screened for case-control or cohort studies investigating the associations between sporadic als and exposure ... | 2009 | 19922117 |
| what we truly know about occupation as a risk factor for als: a critical and systematic review. | occupational and environmental exposures may contribute to the risk of developing sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als). to summarize the available evidence, a systematic review of the literature on occupation as a potential determinant of als was performed according to the moose guidelines. from medline, embase, cinahl, and cochrane databases, selected studies were methodologically appraised according to armon's classification system for als risk factor studies. each occupation studied w ... | 2009 | 19922116 |
| preterm birth and low birth weight among in vitro fertilization twins: a systematic review and meta-analyses. | the objective of this systematic review and meta-analyses was to determine the risks of preterm birth (ptb) and low birth weight (lbw) in twins conceived through in vitro fertilization (ivf) or ivf/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi) compared to spontaneously-conceived twins after matching or controlling for at least maternal age. | 2010 | 19833428 |
| maternal and fetal outcome in women with type 2 versus type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and metaanalysis. | glycemic disturbance is usually less severe in pregnant women with type 2 than in those with type 1 diabetes mellitus (dm). nevertheless, a worse perinatal outcome in women with type 2 dm has been reported in some studies. | 2009 | 19808847 |
| evidence-based medicine, systematic reviews, and guidelines in interventional pain management: part 6. systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies. | observational studies provide an important source of information when randomized controlled trials (rcts) cannot or should not be undertaken, provided that the data are analyzed and interpreted with special attention to bias. evidence-based medicine (ebm) stresses the examination of evidence from clinical research and describes it as a shift in medical paradigm, in contrast to intuition, unsystematic clinical experience, and pathophysiologic rationale. while the importance of randomized trials h ... | 2011 | 19787009 |
| outcome of shoulder hemiarthroplasty in acute proximal humeral fractures: a frustrating meta-analysis experience. | limited evidence is available on the optimal treatment of complex fractures of the proximal humerus. no randomized prospective studies have compared hemiarthroplasty, open reduction internal fixation and/or conservative treatment. two systematic reviews are available but they do not include angle-stable plate osteosynthesis or third-generation prosthetic designs. we conducted a systematic review of studies published in the last 10 years. the moose guidelines were followed and we focused on funct ... | 2009 | 19774809 |
| periodontal diseases and cardiovascular events: meta-analysis of observational studies. | many studies have investigated the relationship between periodontal and cardiovascular diseases but their results are heterogeneous. meta-analyses were conducted to examine the association between exposure to periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases. | 2009 | 19774803 |
| systematic reviews of adverse effects of drug interventions: a survey of their conduct and reporting quality. | there is a need for high quality evidence on the adverse effects of medical interventions to inform policy, practice and research. methods to systematically review adverse effects have not been fully developed. we aimed to assess the current methods and reporting used by such reviews. | 2009 | 19757414 |
| hunting with lead: association between blood lead levels and wild game consumption. | wild game hunting is a popular activity in many regions of the united states. recently, the presence of lead fragments in wild game meat, presumably from the bullets or shot used for hunting, has raised concerns about health risks from meat consumption. | 2009 | 19747676 |
| the effectiveness of hysteroscopy in improving pregnancy rates in subfertile women without other gynaecological symptoms: a systematic review. | although hysteroscopy is frequently used in the management of subfertile women, a systematic review of the evidence on this subject is lacking. | 2009 | 19744944 |
| schizophrenia and breast cancer incidence: a systematic review of clinical studies. | studies examining the incidence of breast cancer in schizophrenia patients report increased, reduced or similar incidence compared to the general population. we undertook a systematic review of published data to investigate possible reasons for the variable findings. | 2009 | 19695837 |
| conception date affects litter type and foetal sex ratio in female moose in estonia. | 1. the trivers-willard model of optimal sex ratios predicts that in polygynous species mothers in better condition should produce more male than female offspring. however, empirical support for this hypothesis in mammals and especially ungulates has been equivocal. this may be because the fitness of mothers has been defined in different ways, reflecting morphological, physiological or behavioural measures of condition. in addition, factors other than maternal condition can influence a mother's f ... | 2010 | 19682139 |
| geographical variation in the influence of density dependence and climate on the recruitment of norwegian moose. | the effects of variation in climate on population dynamics are likely to differ within the distributional range of a species, yet the consequences of such regional variation on demography and population dynamics are rarely considered. here we examine how density dependence and different climate variables affect spatio-temporal variation in recruitment rates of norwegian moose using data collected over a large geographical area during the hunting season. after accounting for observation error by ... | 2009 | 19657678 |
| [meta-analysis on the correlation of cholecystectomy or cholecystolithiasis to risk of colorectal cancer in chinese population]. | it is reported that the incidence of colorectal cancer is higher in patients receiving cholecystectomy (che) than in those who did not. however, the correlation of che and cholecystolithiasis (cho) to colorectal cancer is unclear. this study was to investigate the correlation of che or cho to risk of colorectal cancer in chinese population. | 2009 | 19624904 |